2015年复旦大学马克思主义哲学博士生入学考试真题
马克思主义哲学原理
一，名词解释（5×6分）
1，旧唯物主义
2，意识形态批判
3，从抽象上升到具体
4，否定的辩证法
5，马克思主义的三个来源及其三个组成部分
二，简述题（2×20分）
1，解释并揭示“费尔巴哈不满意抽象的思维而喜欢直观；但是他把感性不是看作实践的、人的感性活动。”的意义。
2，试述“人体解剖对于对于猴体解剖是一把钥匙”形成研究成果。
三，论述题（30分）
1，结合前沿问题，谈谈深化唯物史观研究的意义。
西方哲学史
一，简述题
1，柏拉图对普罗泰戈拉命题的批判（10分）
2，亚里士多德《范畴篇》中的哲学思想（10分）
3，普罗提诺《九章集》中的哲学观点（10分）
4，库萨的尼古拉“有学问的无知”（10分）
5，谢林艺术哲学思想（10分）
6，莱布尼茨与笛卡尔关于上帝证明的不同点（15分）
7，私兵诺莎与笛卡尔哲学的差异（15分）
8，康德的“自然因果性”和“自由因果性”。黑格尔对康德自由思想的批判（20分）
复旦大学2003年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题（秋季） PartⅠListening Comprehension (15%) 略 PartⅡV ocabulary and Structure (10%) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in the part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 21. She her vacation so much that she didn?t want it to end. A. missed B. budgeted C. loathed D. relished 22. They tried to keep it quiet but eventually everyone learned about the meeting. A. intangible B. sedate C. impudent D. clandestine 23. Many citizens appealed to the city government for enacting laws to protect the consumers. A. rigorous B. equivocal C. stringent D. furtive 24. People who like to were red clothes are more likely to be talkative and . A. lucrative B. introverted C. vivacious D. perilous 25. This is but a of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. A. faction B. friction C. fraction D. fracture 26. They were tired, but not less enthusiastic that account. A. on B. by C. for D. with 27. I think it is high time we the fact that environment pollution in this area is getting more serious than before. A. woke up to B. must wake up to C. wake up to D. are waking up to 28. So was the mood of the meeting that an agreement was soon reached. A. resentful
2015年考博 单选： 有少部分原题（出自曾建彬《研究生英语》《研究生高级英语》） 阅读理解： 第一篇：Education is one of the key words of our time. A man without an education, most of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances, deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states "invest" in institutions of learning to get back "interest" in the form. of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, punctuated by textbooks—that purchasable wells of wisdom—what would civilization be like without its benefits? So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births—but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on "facts and figures" and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and the capacity of a man is to get along with his fellow-citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form. of "college" imaginable. Among tribal people all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect every- body is equipped for life. It is the ideal condition of the "equal start" which only our most progressive forms of modern education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no "illiterates"—if the term can be applied to peoples without a script—while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England in 1876, and is still non-existent in a number of "civilized" nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the "happy few" during the past centuries. Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry, which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents' and therefore the jungles and the savannahs know of no "juvenile delinquency". No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his inability to "buy" an education for his child. (选自新概念) 第二篇：关于在Internet site上挂条幅广告销售商品的。第一题问：文章开头是什么意思，我选择了，和传统广告一样，互联网广告也是为了促使消费者冲动消费。有一题问：下列哪些选项作者没提及：我选了传统广告在较长的竞争中必然会战胜网络广告方式。有一题关于互联网广告的：我选择了需要做些change来保持他的竞争性什么的。最后一题问作者对互联网广告的态度：uncertain,objective,X,X.另两个记不清了，我选的客观的。 第三篇：关于脸书，推特等这些网络平台火的原因，强调以前的网络平台web1.只是让你看别人提供的content，而web 2.如这些社交平台是让你能跟别人交流自己creat content,而不是enjoy 别人提供的content.一题问：Myspace社交平台火的原因：我选了有content的那个选项。有题问下面哪个选项作者没提及：我选了大家怀念web1.那个选项。 第3篇This reading comprehension focuses on social networks. It's followed by key vocabulary
2006年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解 Paper One Part ⅠVocabulary and Structure (15%) Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter or Answer Sheet I with a single line through center. 1. Official figures show that unemployment ______ in November and then fell slowly over the next two months. A. plodded B. peeped C. plunged D. peaked 【答案】D 【解析】句意：官方数字显示，失业率在十一月达到顶峰，然后在随后的两个月里慢慢回落。peak到达最高点。plod沉重缓慢地走。peep窥视，偷看。plunge投入，跳进，陷入。 2. The old lady was immediately sent to a nearby hospital when she ______ from heat stroke. A. passed away B. passed off
C passed out D. passed by 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当这位老妇人由于中暑而昏过去时，立刻被送往了附近的医院。pass out 失去知觉，昏厥。pass away去世。pass off事情发生并完成；疼痛、药效等慢慢消失。pass by走过，经过。 3. Her spirits ______ at the thought of all the work she had to do that morning. A. sagged B. sacked C. saddled D. scored 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她脑子里满是那天早上她必须得做的工作。sag向下凹或中间下陷；松弛或不整齐地悬着。sack解雇某人；洗劫；就寝。saddle sb. with sth.让某人承担使人厌恶的责任或任务等。score记分，得分；刻痕。 4. Jack would rather his younger sister ______ in the same hospital as he does. A. worked B. works C. to work D. work
复旦大学考博英语词汇真题模拟 根据复旦大学考博英语考试大纲规定，除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词，形容词与介词，形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生产的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。 一、根据复旦大学考博英语考试大纲规定，每年词汇题共30小题，每小题0.5分，共15分。 预计测试时间(25分钟) 1. Language， culture and personality may be considered of each other in thought， but they are inseparable in fact. [ A ] indistinctly [ B ] separately [ C ] irrelevantly [ D ] independently 2. Shortage of land and funding are blamed for the city‘s green space. [ A ] inefficient [ B ] inaccurate [ C ] inadequate [ D ] indispensable 3. It is well known that knowledge is the __ condition for expansion of mind. [ A ] incompatible [ B ] incredible [ C ] indefinite [ D ] indispensable 4. Although sports __ the household， Joe drew the line when they interfered with family tradi-tions and routine. [ A ] overwhelmed [ B ] affected [ C ] dominated [ D ] influenced 5. Once you have made your point clear at the __ of the essay， you must then proceed to con-vince readers about the position you have taken. [ A ] departure [ B ] outset [ C ] concentration [ D ] initiation 6. These excursions will give you an even deeper __ into our language and culture. [ A ] inquiry [ B ] investigation [ C ] input [ D ] insight 7. The novel contains some marvelously revealing __ of factory life. [ A ] glimpses [ B ] glances [ C ] shots [ D ] insights 8. Changing from solid to liquid， water takes in heat from all substances near it， and this produces artificial cold surrounding it. [ A ] absorption [ B ] transition [ C ] consumption [ D ] interaction （ＰＳ：The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL：四零零 六六八 六九七八） 9. One way for writers to support a point is through ， that is， by means of several examples to back up an idea. [ A ] illustration [ B ] demonstration
2011年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解 Paper One Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure （15%） Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center. 1. He’s color-blind and can’t ______ the difference between red and green easily. A. detect B. discover C. distinguish D. determine 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他是色盲，难以辨出红色和绿色的区别。distinguish区分，辨别，分清。 2. As many as 100 species of fish, some ______ to these waters, may have been affected by the pollution. A. unusual B. particular C. typical D. unique
【解析】句意：多达100种鱼可能会受到污染的影响，而且有些鱼类是这些水域所特有的。be unique to为惯用搭配，指“只有……才有的；对……独一无二的”。其他选项也包含“特有的”意思，其区别在于：unusual指事物时表示某事极少发生，或极少被人耳闻目睹；particular指某事物存在专有特点，以此与其他事物相区别；typical侧重指“典型”，指某个群族中共有、而区别于其他群族。因此本题答案为D项。 3. In her bright yellow coat, she was easily ______ in the crowed. A. accessible B. identifiable C. negligible D. incredible 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她穿着亮黄色的外套，因此很容易就可从人群中将她辨认出来。identifiable 可辨认的；可识别的。accessible易接近的；可理解的；易相处的。negligible可以忽略的；微不足道的。incredible不可思议的；惊人的；难以置信的。 4. Some people find that certain foods ______ their headaches. A. introduce B. trigger C. summon D. create
2014年复旦大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题 PartΙVocabulary and structure （15 point） Directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEETΙwith a single line through the center. 1. To celebrate innovations and inspire budding entrepreneurs，the famous library is telling the story behind 15 of what it considers the most _______inventions to come out of Britain in the past 10 years. A. ingenious B. insane C. ingenuous D. inquisitive 2. Globalization carries an ______promise that it will relieve poverty and offer security----perhaps the most ancient of human dreams. A. exquisite B. equivocal C. implicit D. inflexible 3. The fact that your application was not successful this thme does not _______the possibility of your applying again next time. A. preclude B. prejudge C. predict D. precede 4. The pressure on employment will increase gradually and the problem of aging will become more ______. A. contagious B. deliberate C. conspicuous D. diverse 5. She was _______about her son’s safety every time he went out on his motorcycle. A. intensive B. abusive C. comprehensive D. apprehensive 6. Our goal is to_______the pace of international movement and steer theconsumer marker towards internationalization. A. harness B. handle C. highlight D. hamper 7. In a world where prodigious sports talents tend to _____higher education altogether for the pros, Tiger Woods chose to continue playing amateur golf at Stanford University as an economics major. A. purify B. forge C. pursue D. forgo 8. Lots of woman complain that the problem with men is that they won’t ________themselves to a relationship. A. commence B. promote C. commite D. prescribe 9. In recent years ,new house sales have slowed down to a crawl, but builders are starting to see sales ______ again. A. pick up B. pick out C. pick on D. pick off 10. In a perfect world this would be sufficient, but computers and software can crash, power cam fail, and other unpredictable catastrophic events can _______to erase your work. A. conduct B. conspire C. count D. compel 11. We shall never know how she came to be there, there is no way to _______it. A. account for B. go over C. hold on D. make up
复旦大学考博英语词汇习题及参考资料一 1. Language，culture and personality may be considered of each other in thought，but they are inseparable in fact. ［A ］indistinctly ［ B ］separately ［C ］irrelevantly ［D ］independently 2. Shortage of land and funding are bl amed for the city‘s green space. ［A ］inefficient ［ B ］inaccurate ［C ］inadequate ［D ］indispensable 3. It is well known that knowledge is the __ condition for expansion of mind. ［A ］incompatible ［B ］incredible ［C ］indefinite ［D ］indispensable 4. Although sports __ the household，Joe drew the line when they interfered with family tradi-tions and routine. ［A ］overwhelmed ［B ］affected ［C ］dominated ［D ］influenced 5. Once you have made your point clear at the __ of the essay，you must then proceed to con-vince readers about the position you have taken. ［A ］departure ［B ］outset ［C ］concentration ［D ］initiation 6. These excursions will give you an even deeper __ into our language and culture. ［A ］inquiry ［ B ］investigation ［C ］input ［D ］insight 7. The novel contains some marvelously revealing __ of factory life. ［A ］glimpses ［ B ］glances ［C ］shots ［D ］insights 8. Changing from solid to liquid，water takes in heat from all substances near it，and this produces artificial cold surrounding it. ［A ］absorption ［ B ］transition ［C ］consumption ［D ］interaction 9. One way for writers to support a point is through ，that is，by means of several examples to back up an idea. ［A ］illustration ［ B ］demonstration ［C ］explanation ［D ］interpretation 10. In this factory the machines are not regulated __ bm are jointly controlled by a central com-puter system. ［A ］independently ［ B ］individually ［C ］irrespectively ［D ］irregularly 11. We must ___ __ that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible. ［A ］assure ［ B ］secure ［C ］ensure ［D ］issue 12. If we believe something is good and true we should __ to it. ［A ］hold up ［B ］keep on ［C ］hold on ［D ］keep up 13. That cupboaM must always be carefully locked.
复旦大学2003年博士研究生入学考试试题 Part Ⅰ （略） Part Ⅱ Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the 21. She A. missed B. budgeted C. loathed 22. They tried to keep it quiet but eventually everyone learned about the A. intangible B. sedate C. impudent 23. Many citizens appealed to the city government for enacting laws to protect the A. rigorous B. equivocal C. stringent 24. People who like to wear red clothes are more likely to be talkative and A. lucrative B. introverted C. vivacious 25. This is but a of the total amount A. friction B. fraction C. faction 26. They were tired, but not any less enthusiastic A. on B. by C. for 27. I think it is high time we the fact that environmental pollution in this area is A. woke up to B. must wake up to C. wake up to 28. So was the mood of the meeting that an agreement was s A. resentful B. amiable C. suffocating 29. Rescue workers continued the delicate task of sifting through tons of concrete and A. scraps B. leftovers C. debris 30. When she A. came to B. came off C. came through 31. The shortage of water became more this summer with the highest temperatures in 40 yea A. needy B. latent C. uneasy 32. They tried to drive their horse into the river, but he simply could A. budge B. surge C. trudge 33. Even the best medical treatment can not cure all the diseases that men and A. beseech B. beset C. bewitch 34. The boy's talent might have lain had it not been for his uncle's A. extinguished B. dormant C. malignant D. 35. The two leaders made a show of unity at the press conference, though they had notably
2015复旦大学考博英语历年真题 一、招考介绍 从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。 二、复旦大学考博英语题型 Part1:词汇与结构30题15分； Part2：完型10题10分 Part3：阅读理解4篇20题40分； Part4：翻译汉译英20分； Part5：作文15分 三、考博英语必备参考书 育明考博教研部主编,河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。在当当网，亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售，也可以联系我们直接购买。 四、联系导师 在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。 大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。 通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种： （1）、欢迎报考。这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。 （2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。
复旦大学2012年考博英语真题及详解 Paper One Part I Vocabulary and Structure（15%） Directions：There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C,D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center. 1.It was very difficult to find the parts needed to do the job because of the______ way the store was organized. A.logical B.haphazard C.orderly D.tidy 【答案】B 【解析】句意：由于店铺东西摆放杂乱无章，干活时找寻所需东西相当困难。haphazard 随意的；无计划的；胡乱的。orderly整齐的；有组织的。 2.Mississippi also upholds the South’s well-deserved reputation for warm, hospitable people;balmy year-round weather;and truly______cuisine. A.destructive B.horrible
复旦大学考博英语备考必读短文 一个年轻士兵，一个怀孕女人，一个奇特的场景。没人能够领会他们当时真正的心理，但只需领会一个人生命中总会偶尔被他人感动，而自己也可能在无意中感动别人，就足够了……需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。 The young soldier,stationed on guard at a foreign city street corner,sheltered himself from the biting late evening wind by standing back against the lee(背风的)side of a small,one storey building,occasionally peering around to view the large crowd that had gathered on the main street. He didn’t know why the people were there,nor did he care;after all,it wasn’t his country,and none of his concern.He had been in the Army for only six months,enlisting on the same day when he had turned eighteen,and he didn’t understand the local language or any of the country’s dialects.He could speak only a few words and phrases, just enough for him to occasionally purchase some of the local food and beverages. The commander had told him to watch the assembly,and if they began to get rowdy(粗暴的)and appear to get out of control,he should immediately inform his partner,now stationed across the street,for reinforcements,garrisoned(驻守)just two blocks away.Looking at the disorder on the street,he thought,it must be some kind of protest for some radical cause or other.
复旦大学考博英语真题常见疑难句解析 1.Perhaps the fact many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net(net phytoplankton), a practice that overlooked the smaller phytoplankton(nannoplankton) that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on,led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research. (5)可能这样一个事实，那就是很多这样的最初的研究只是考虑了那些能够用网捞起来的大小的水藻，这样一个忽视了更小的浮游生物(而这些浮游生物我们现在知道是捕食者主要的食物)的做法，导致了在接下来的研究中对于捕食者的作用的贬低。难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。 解释：句子的结构繁杂。句子的主语令人吃惊地长，在最后一个逗号后的led以前，全是主语!其实句子的主干简单，就是the fact led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers。但是本句的主语the fact后面的修饰成分长得吓人，先是个定语从句;定语从句中又套了一个定语从句。然后逗号后面的a practice引导的部分是前面的主语的同位语兼任插入语，practice后面的修饰它的一大堆东西又是定语从句套着定语从句。本句是典型的层层修饰结构。 意群训练：Perhaps the fact that many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net(net phytoplankton),a pratice that overlooked the smaller that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on,led to a de-emphasis of the role