Unit 1 Friendship
I. 阅读理解
(2017·新课标全国卷II，B)I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the stud io didn’t want me for the film — it wanted somebody as well known as Paul —he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft （技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back—he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.
24.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first?
A. Paul Newman wanted it.
B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent.
C. He wasn’t famous enough.
D. The director recommended someone else.
25.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?
A. They were of the same age.
B. They worked in the same theater.
C. They were both good actors.
D. They had similar characteristics.
26.What does the underlined word ＂that＂ in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Their belief.
B. Their care for children.
C. Their success.
D. Their support for each other.
27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show his love of films.
B. To remember a friend.
C. To introduce a new movie.
D. To share his acting experience.
【答案】
25. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are
typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen＂可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。
26. A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据＂We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should
put something back＂可知，我们都有这个信仰：如果你有幸获得成功，你应该有所回馈，下文＂he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival＂是作者举的例子，因此＂sharing that brought us together＂中that指代前面提到的信仰。故选A。
27. B 【解析】目的意图题。根据＂I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and
out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it＂可知Paul已经去世了，再结合前文＂I first met Paul Newman in 1968＂，可推断作者非常怀念这位朋友。故选B。
【名师点睛】
本文前两题均考查了细节题。在完成细节题时，要特别注意排除干扰项。
如24题中的A项＂Paul Newman wanted it.＂属于＂颠倒黑白＂类干扰项，根据＂When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well known as Paul＂可知制片人不想要我，说明A项明显错误。
干扰项的设置方法除了＂颠倒黑白＂之外，通常还有以下几种方式：
1. 张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，命题人却把作者的观点放到选项中去。
2. 偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。
3. 无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。
II. 完形填空
(2017·新课标全国卷II)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，
选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids 41 ＂The Thinking Laboratory.＂ That was the __42__ students voted for after deciding that ＂
Room 104＂ was too 43 .
Freddy was an average 44 ,but not an average person. He had the rare balance
of fun and compassion（同情）. He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the saddest
over anyone’ 46 .
Before the school year 47 , I gave the kids a special 48 , T-shirts with
the words ＂Verbs Are Your __49__＂ on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs
（动词）may seem dull, most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will
be verbs.
Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school
and remained the same 53 person I met forty years before. Once, while working
overnight at a store, he let a homeless man 54 in his truck. Another time, he
__55__ a friend money to buy a house.
Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom
door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching
and 58 it up. Inside were the ＂Verbs＂ shirt and a __58__ from Freddy’s
mother. ＂Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.＂
I told th e story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling. Although
Freddy was taken from us, we all 60 something from Freddy.
41. A. built B. entered C. decorated
D. ran
42. A. name B. rule C. brand
D. plan
43. A. small B. dark C. strange
D. dull
44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen
D. worker
45. A. speak B. sing C. question
D. laugh
46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty
D. mistake
47. A. changed B. approached C. returned
D. ended
48. A. lesson B. gift C. report
D. message
49. A. Friends B. Awards C. Masters
D. Tasks
50. A. simple B. unique C. fun D.
clever
51. A. assessments B. comments C. instructions
D. updates
52. A. graduation B. retirement C. separation
D. resignation
53. A. daring B. modest C. caring D.
smart
54. A. wait B. sleep C. study
D. live
55. A. paid B. charged C. lent
D. owed
56. A. observing B. preparing C. designing
D. conducting
57. A. regretted B. avoided C. excused
D. ignored
58. A. opened B. packed C. gave D.
held
59. A. picture B. bill C. note
D. diary
60. A. chose B. took C. expected
D. borrowed
【答案】
41. B 考查动词词义辨析。A. built 建造；B. entered 进入；C. decorated 装饰；D. ran
跑步。每天，27个孩子都会＂进入＂＂思想实验室＂，故选B。
42. A 考查名词词义辨析。A. name名字；B. rule规则；C. brand品牌；D. plan计划。＂
思想实验室＂这个＂名字＂是同学们投票得来的，故选A。
43. D 考查形容词词义辨析。A. small小的；B. dark 黑的；C. strange 奇怪的；D. dull
无聊的。由后文可知，同学们是因为＂104室＂这个名字太＂无聊＂才把名字改为＂思想实验室＂的，故选D。
44. B 考查名词词义辨析。A. scholar学者；B. student学生；C. citizen市民；D. worker
工人。通读全文可知Freddy是作者的一名＂学生＂，故选B。
45. D 考查动词词义辨析。A. speak 说；B. sing 唱歌；C. question质问；D. laugh大
笑。对于好玩的事情，他会＂笑＂得最大声，故选D。
46. A 考查名词词义辨析。A. misfortune不幸；B. disbelief怀疑；C. dishonesty不诚
实；D. mistake错误。根据前句可知，Freddy在有趣和富有同情心之间可以做到罕见的平衡，所以对于任何人的＂不幸＂，他会很悲伤，故选A。
47. D 考查动词词义辨析。A. changed 改变；B. approached接近；C. returned返回；D.
ended结束。在学期＂结束＂之前，我……，故选D。
48. B 考查名词词义辨析。A.lesson课，教训；B.gift礼物；C.report 报告；D.message
信息，根据后文可知作者送给Freddy一件衬衫，即一个特殊的礼物，故选B。
49. A 考查名词词义辨析。A.Friends 朋友；B.Awards奖；C.Masters 主人；D.Tasks任务。
衬衫上写着＂动词是你的朋友＂，故选A。
50. C 考查形容词词义辨析。A.simple 简单的；B.unique独特的；C. fun 有趣的；D.clever
聪明的。＂尽管动词也许看起来很无聊，但人们的一生当中做的大部分有趣之事都将是动词＂，＂无聊＂与＂有趣＂相对，故选C。
53. C 考查形容词词义辨析。A.daring勇敢的；B.modest 谦虚的；C.caring贴心的；D.smart
聪明的。他让无家可归的人睡在了他的卡车上，由此可知他仍然是很爱关照人的，贴心的，故选C。
54. B 考查动词词义辨析。A.wait等待；B.sleep 睡觉；C.study 学习；D.live居住。他
让一位无家可归的人＂睡在＂他的卡车上，故选B。
55. C 考查动词词义辨析。A.paid支付；B.charged 索要；C.lent 借出；D.owed欠。还有
一次，他借钱给朋友，让朋友买房子，故选C。
56. D 考查动词词义辨析。A.observing观察；B.preparing 准备；C. designing设计；
D.conducting组织，实施，执行。我正在班级里组织一个专题研讨会的时候，突然有
人敲门，故选D。
57. C 考查动词词义辨析。A.regretted 后悔，遗憾；B.avoided避免；C.excused原谅，
宽恕；D.ignored忽视。因为当时正在上课，所以这名女子为自己的打断行为要求得到原谅，故选C。
58. A 考查动词词义辨析。A.opened打开；B.packed打包；C.gave给予；D.held握住。我
停止教学，打开信封，故选A。
【名师点睛】
本篇完形填空很好地体现出重在考查语篇理解能力，且不在情节、词汇考查上大做文章的趋势。其中针对语篇的上下文复现考查非常多。语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，考生可以利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。如：
I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained
the same 53 person I met forty years before.
53.A.daring B.modest C.caring
D.smart
【答案】C
【分析】同义词同现，根据第二段第二句＂He had the rare balance of fun and compassion （同情）＂，这里的compassion与选项中的caring虽然词性不同，但表达的是相同的意思，属于同义词同现。
III. 书面表达
(2017·新课标全国卷III)假定你是李华。你所在的校乒乓球队正在招收新队员。请给你的留学生朋友Eric写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：
1. 球队活动；
2. 报名方式及截止日期。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
【参考范文】
Dear Eric,
I am Li Hua. I am writing to invite you to join the table tennis team in our school. It is known that we can benefit a lot from playing table tennis. It can prevent us from getting shortsighted and it can keep us physically healthy. As to the activities, we plan to invite experienced players to giving training to us every Friday afternoon. At the same time, we will divide the members into several groups to practice at 5:00 pm after school.
If you are interested, sign up on our school website before August 10.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua 【试题分析】
该篇书面表达是书信类文体，要求考生按照所给提示进行写作，可增加细节以使行文连贯。在写作本文时考生需注意以下几点：1. 确定文章的结构：书信的开头、正文和结尾。2. 确定文章的要点：写信的目的；表示感谢。3. 确定文章的布局。4. 确定文章的时态，在本文中根据要求判断应该用一般现在时和一般将来时。5. 正确使用较高级词汇和多种句式，如定语从句、状语从句、主语从句等。6. 准确使用一些恰当的连接成分以使语意更连贯。
I. 完形填空
During my PE class I met a girl, who was in a grade younger than me. She was always 1 on the playground and I wondered why she had 2 to talk to. I was kind of a quiet girl myself, too, but I still had a few 3 . Over the whole year I would say ＂Hi＂ to her 4 sometimes she came to me and we 5 whatever sports we liked most.
Whenever she came over I made it my 6 to make her laugh. I paid most of my 7 to her and not to my other friends because I saw them playing together 8 over
there. Then, the 9 day of school year came around, I walked with her on the playground. I asked her why she was so quiet. She told me her father left her 10 and her. Her mother was always crying at home. 11 this, I said nothing for a while. Then what I could do was __12__ her to forget unhappiness and believe tomorrow is 13 . One day I told her I was leaving for high school. Hearing this she asked me not to 14 her. She told me that she had no other friends and I was her only one. Then, she told me that she would 15 me if I was in the high school. I 16 that I would go back to see her twice a week. Hearing my promise, her face 17 with smiles.
People lose friends all the time but wise people know how to 18 the friendship. So don’t ruin the19 as time passed by. Remember that you are 20 to have a good friend.
1. A. happy B. sad C. shy
D. quiet
2. A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody
D. everybody
3. A. classmates B. schoolmates C.
friends D. parents
4. A. and B. but C.
so D. then
5. A. played B. watched C. talked
D. studied
6. A. rule B.
goal C. dream
D. way
7. A. strength B. decision C.
attention D. time
8. A. equally B. happily C.
suddenly D. regularly
9. A. usual B.
middle C. first
D. last
10. A. mother B. brother
C. sister
D. family
11. A. Fixing B. Hearing
C. Seeing
D. Understanding
12. A. order B.
force C. advice
D. allow
13. A. newer B. greater C. sooner
D. better
14. A. forget B. stop
C. ask
D. mind
15. A. help B. miss C. greet D. invite
16. A. realized B. guessed C.
promised D. hoped
17. A. turned away B. gave off C. started
out D. lit up
18. A. change B. see C. appreciate D. treasure
19. A. success B. question C.
friendship D. agreement
20. A. lucky B. important C.
right D. free
【答案】
3. C 考查名词。与前一句＂I was kind of a quiet girl myself, too＂形成对比，指＂
我＂还有几个朋友（friend）。故选C。
4. A 考查连词。前后是顺承关系，＂我＂和她打招呼，她有时候就会过来找＂我＂。故选A。
5. A 考查动词。此处指＂我们＂一块儿在操场上玩（play），＂我们＂最喜欢的体育运动。故选A。
6. B 考查名词。她是一个非常内向的女孩子，所以＂我＂的目标就是要让她笑起来，高兴起来。故选B。
7. C 考查名词。根据前一句的叙述以及后面的＂... and not to my other friends...＂
可知，作者把注意力放在了这个女孩身上，希望她能高兴起来。故选C。
8. B 考查副词。这里指＂我＂的朋友们玩得很高兴。happily＂快乐地，高兴地＂。故选B。
9. D 考查形容词。根据后面的＂One day I told her I was leaving for high school.＂
可知，作者要毕业了，那天是在学校的最后一天。last＂最后的＂。故选D。
10. A 考查名词。根据后面的＂Her mother was always crying at home.＂可知，她的父
亲离开了她们母女俩。故选A。
11. B 考查动词。句意：听到这儿，有一会儿我什么也没说。hear＂听到＂。故选B。
12. C 考查动词。听说她的遭遇后，作者劝告女孩该怎么做。advice＂建议，劝告＂。故选C。
13. D 考查形容词。＂我＂安慰她说明天会更好。better＂更好的＂。故选D。
14. A 考查动词。根据后面的＂She told me that she had no other friends and I was her
only one.＂可知，女孩希望＂我＂不要忘记（forget）她。故选A。
15. B 考查动词。她说她会想念（miss）＂我＂的。故选B。
II. 阅读理解
Cicero wrote that, ＂There is nothing more fatal to friendship than the greed of gain.＂Although a popular sentiment, it’s a deeply mistaken one.
Think about the friends you have. Try to make yourself aware of what you enjoy about those friends —that is, how they make your life better than it would otherwise be without them. You’ll probably come up with something like this: ＂Jack makes me laugh; I love his sense of humor.＂ Or ＂Sue is really dedicated to her work, and well-organized. I really admire that. It inspires me to do the same.＂ Or ＂Bill was really there for me when my mother died. I really like how supportive he can be.＂You get the idea? And there’s no sin in this fact! The notion of ＂getting something out＂ of friends has been given a bad name, for two reasons. One reason is that the phrase is commonly associated with material gain, as in business, rather than psychological gain.
It is true, of course, that the gain you obtain from a friendship is not the same as the gain you obtain from, say, getting a paycheck at your job; or selling your stock for a million dollars. If you engaged in the excuse that you enjoyed a ＂friend＂for his personal qualities, when in fact you want to know him only for contacts or for money, then you would be guilty of a fraud. But it’s fraud and excuse which are wrong; not getting something out of a relationship which is wrong.
The other reason people don’t like to associate friendship with self-interest is the widely held, though false, belief that self-interest is wrong. Yet it isn’t. The burden of proof should be on people who claim that self-interest is wrong to prove their point; yet nobody can. It’s something which is just assumed. It’s taken as an obvious truth, like ＂the sky is blue＂. Yet, unlike ＂the sky is blue＂ (for which there is overwhelming evidence), there is no evidence at all to support the notion that gaining something from a friendship is wrong. As I just illustrated, it’s a premise(假定) which is completely not consistent with simple observation of everyday life.
Try to imagine being friends with someone whom you don’t like: someone who is humorless; someone who is lazy and inefficient, and a liar; someone who shrugs and walks away when you mention your mother just passed away. Should we tolerate such qualities in others in the name of selflessness? If you answered ＂yes＂, most would be ready to put you into a mental hospital for insanity; or, at a minimum, refer you to a psychotherapist for ＂self-esteem issues＂. Yet, in the abstract, many of us persist in claiming (along with Cicero) that ＂greed＂ and gain are completely at odds with friendship. In truth, we all gain from friendship. If we didn’t, there would be no point in having friends in the first place.
1.Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage?
A. A faithful friend is hard to find.
B. Without a friend, the world is a wilderness.
C. A hedge between keeps friendship green.
D. Friendship is selfish.
2.By the examples in Paragraph 2, the writer tries to convince us that .
A. friends will surely come to our help when we are in trouble
B. we like our friends because we get something out of them
C. we cannot have too many friends
D. without friends our life will be difficult
3.The underlined word ＂sin＂ in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ＂＂.
A. fault
B. sense
C.
reason D. good
4.What makes people think getting something out of friends is wrong is
that .
A. it has something to do with psychological gain
B. it is just an excuse
C. it contradicts simple observation of everyday life
D. it is linked to self-interest
【答案】
【语篇解读】和大多数人的观点截然相反，本文作者认为友谊应该是＂自私的＂。，故答案为D。
2. B 【解析】推理判断题。这些例子旨在表明朋友使我们的生活更好，即我们能从他们那
儿得到一些东西。
3. A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三、四、五段内容可推知，画线词所在句的含义为＂这
一事实没有过错＂。故选fault。
4. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的＂The other reason people don’t like
to associate friendship with self-interest is the widely held, though false, belief that self-interest is wrong.＂可知答案为D。
III. 短文改错
It is no doubt that health is the most important thing in our life. As a Chinese proverb go, ＂Health is blessing＂. Should we be always ill in bed, how can we enjoy life?
To keep healthy, we must develop a healthy way of life. First of all, we should keep on doing sports on a regularly basis, because it can strengthen both our body and mind, refresh ourselves and making us work more efficiently. Secondly, we must
keep balanced diet to provide our body with various nutrition we need, but we should refuse junk food. Remember, it is through the mouth where diseases enter into our body. Thirdly, a good sleep is also vital to our health. Stay up too late at night often results in poor health. As middle school students, we need better sleep to do better in our lessons.
【答案】
is no doubt that health is the most important thing in our life. As a Chinese proverb , ＂Health is blessing＂. Should we be always ill in bed, how
we enjoy life?
To keep healthy, we must develop a healthy way of life. First of all, we should keep on doing sports on a basis, because it can strengthen both our body and mind, refresh ourselves and us work more efficiently. Secondly, we must keep balanced diet to provide our body with various nutrition we need, we should refuse junk food. Remember, it is through the mouth diseases enter
into our body. Thirdly, a good sleep is also vital to our health. up too late at night often results in poor health. As middle school students, we need better sleep to do better in our lessons.
第一处：It→There 此处为固定句式There is no doubt that毫无疑问的是……，故将It 改为There。
第二处：go→goes 句意：正如一句中国谚语所说……。本句描述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时态。主语proverb为单数名词，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。
第三处：can→could 句意：我们怎么享受我们的生活。should位于句首，在此处是虚拟语气。how could…经常用作表示语气强烈或是责备，how can…只表示根据客观事实
的判断。故将can改为could。
第四处：regularly→regular 联系下文basis(基础)可知，此处用形容词作定语。故将regularly改为regular。
第五处：making→make 此处make和前文strength、refresh同为并列谓语，故也用动词原形。
第六处：keep后加a 联系下文＂balanced diet＂可知，此处指的是保持一个均衡的饮食，故加不定冠词。balanced词首音素是辅音，故不定冠词用a。
第七处：but→and 句意：并且我们应该拒绝垃圾食品。联系上下文可知，前后为顺接关系，but但是，表示转折关系。故改为and。
IV. 书面表达
古语有云：＂有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？＂在生活中，人人都需要朋友。但如何与朋友和谐相处才能使我们的友谊长存呢？请根据下面的提示，写一篇英语短文。
1. 诚实：谎言会使朋友远离我们；
2. 倾听：理解朋友的心声；
3. 虚心：如果在朋友面前骄傲，就会失去朋友的尊敬；
4. 无私：在朋友有困难时帮助朋友。
注意：
1. 词数120左右；
2. 适当发挥想象，增加细节，以使行文连贯，但不要逐句翻译。
________________________________________________________________________________
___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
________________________________________________________________________________ ___________
【参考范文】
As we all know, keeping friendship is not so easy as making friends. Therefore, it is important for us to know how to get along well with our friends. In order to win lifelong friendship, we should obey the following rules.
To begin with, we should be honest with our friends. Lies will surely make them stay far away from us. Second, we should become good listeners as well so that we can have a good understanding of one another. Third, we’d better be humble. If we are too proud before our friends, we can hardly win their respect. Finally, we should not be selfish and should be ready to help our friends whenever they are in trouble, for a friend in need is a friend indeed.
In a word, as long as we obey the rules that are mentioned above, we will find it.
高中英语必修1知识点大全总结 Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。 2. A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人。 Add v. 增加 1. He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。 2. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。 3. Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起。 Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 1. I'm always upset when I don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱。 2. He has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服。 3. The news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱。 Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 1. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 2. I can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。 Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的v. 平静下来,镇静 1. It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静、明媚的早晨。 2. You should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。 3. Have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来。 calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来) 1. His rage was soon calmed down by the rustic peace. 乡村的宁静很快就使他的怒气平静下来。 2. I told myself to calm down. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。 have got to conj. 不得不(必须) 1. You may not like him, but you have got to admire his persistence. 你可以不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚忍不拔的精神。 2. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time -- unless I had caught an earlier train. 我不可能及时赶到会场，除非我赶上了较找的一班火车。 Concern n. 关心,关系, 关切的事,忧虑v. 涉及,与...有关,影响;使关心 1. How much money I earn is none of your concern. 我挣多少钱与你无关。 2. These problems concern all of us. 这些问题影响到我们每一个人。 3. This restaurant is a family concern. 这家饭店是由一家人经营的。 be concerned about vt. 关心(挂念) 1. It is reassuring to be enquired after when you're ill. It shows your friends haven't stopped being concerned about you. 如果能询问一下你是何时生病的我们也就放心了。因为你的朋友一直在关心你。 2. The government's claim to be concerned about unemployment is sheer hypocrisy. 政府声称对失业表示关注纯属做做姿态。 Cheat n. 骗子,欺骗行为v. 欺骗,作弊 1. His father was cheated of his land. 他的父亲被人骗走了地产。 2. He never cheats to pass examination. 他考试从不作弊。 3. He was cheated (out) of his rightful inheritance. 他依法应得的遗产被人骗走了. Reason n. 理由,原因,理智,理性v. 说服,推论,下判断 1. She can reason very clearly. 她能很清晰地思考。 2. Copernicus reasoned that the earth revolved around the sun. 哥白尼论证了地球绕着太阳转。 3. We have reason to believe that he was murdered. 我们有理由相信他是被谋杀的。 list n. 目录,名单,明细表v. 列出,列于表上,记入名单内
高一英语必修一知识点最新归纳5篇 高中阶段学习难度、强度、容量加大，学习负担及压力明显加重，不能再依赖初中时期老师“填鸭式”的授课，“看管式”的自习，“命令式”的作业，要逐步培养自己主动获取知识、高一英语必修一知识点总结1 各种时态的被动语态 被动语态概述 被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被动语态的构成 被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：
1. 一般现在时am/is/are + 过去分词 例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般过去时was/were + 过去分词 例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般将来时will/shall + be + 过去分词 例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 现在进行时am/is/are + being + 过去分词 例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 过去进行时was/were + being + 过去分词 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 现在完成时have/has + been + 过去分词 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. 7. 过去完成时had + been + 过去分词 注意： 1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their qu estions haven’t got answered.
人教版_高中英语必修一unit1_知识点总结 Survey n. 纵览,视察,测量v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 1. we stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上,眺望乡村? 2. a quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人? Add v. 增加 1. he added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴,使火旺些? 2. if you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九? 3. add up all the money i owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起? Upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴 v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 1. i'm always upset when i don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱? 2. he has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服? 3. the news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱? Ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 1. i said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 2. i can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了? Calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静 1. it was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静?明媚的早晨? 2. you should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险,你也应当保持镇静? 3. have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来? Calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来)
Unit 1 Friendship 1. 合计_____________________________________; 3. 不得不；必须______________________________; 5. 遛狗_____________________________________; 7. 记下；放下________________________________; 9. 故意_____________________________________; 11. 在黄昏时刻______________________________; 13. 不再…___________________________________; 15. 从…中恢复过来___________________________; 17. 将…装箱打包_____________________________; 19. 相爱；爱上_______________________________; 21. 参加；加入_______________________________; 23. 松开了__________________________________; 25. 付钱；付款；买单__________________________; 27. 对(某人)重要_____________________________; 29. 笑话；取笑（某人）_________________________; 31. 在日记中________________________________; 33. 对…着迷；迷恋____________________________; 35. 深蓝色的天空____________________________; 37. 太多____________________________________; 39. 在楼上__________________________________; 41. 肮脏的窗帘______________________________; 43. 记日记；写日记___________________________; 45. 绑起来__________________________________; 47. 在公路上________________________________; 49. 说…的闲话；______________________________; 51. 与…交朋友_______________________________; 53. 给…一些建议_____________________________; 55. 过去的事件______________________________; 57. 试一试；尝试一下_________________________; 59. settle____________________________________; 2. 使…镇静下来______________________________; 4. 关心；挂念________________________________; 6. 经历；经受________________________________; 8. 一连串的；一系列的_______________________; 10. 为了____________________________________; 12. 面对面地________________________________; 14. 遭受…___________________________________; 16. 对…厌烦_________________________________; 18. 与…相处；进展____________________________; 20. 对（某人）表示感激________________________; 22. 度假____________________________________; 24. 被车撞了________________________________; 26. 考试作弊________________________________; 28. 最深的感受______________________________; 30. 在二战中________________________________; 32. 在藏身之处______________________________; 34. 与自然有关______________________________; 36. 保持醒着________________________________; 38. 碰巧____________________________________; 40. 下楼____________________________________; 42. 积满灰尘的窗子__________________________; 44. 列一个单，列出___________________________; 46. 没注意到________________________________; 48. 与…有麻烦；有矛盾________________________; 50. 与人交流________________________________; 52. 改变这种状况____________________________; 54. 喜欢与不喜欢的事情______________________; 56. 表达你的感受与想法______________________; 58. concern__________________________________; 60. tip______________________________________;
必修一 Unit1 1.grateful adj.感激的；表示谢意的→gratefully ad v.感激地 2.suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历→suffering n．[U]苦恼；[C]让人痛苦的事 3.dusty adj.积满灰尘的→dust n．[U]灰尘 4.settle v. (使)定居；安排；解决→settler n．[C]移居者；定居者→settlement n．[U]解决；定居；[C]协议 5.calm vt.& vi. (使)平静；(使)镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的→calmly ad v.平静地；镇静地→ calmness n. 平静；镇静；冷静 6.concern v t. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到n．[U]关怀；关心；[C]关心的事→concerned a dj.担心的；忧虑的→concerning prep.关于；涉及 7.loose adj.松的；松开的→ loosely adv.松弛地；宽松地 8.exactly ad v.确实如此；正是；确切地→exact adj.准确的；确切的 9.entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的→entirely ad v.完全地；全然地；整个地 10.outdoors a d v.在户外；在野外→（indoors ad v.在室内→outdoor adj.在户外 11.recover v i.& vt.痊愈；恢复→（熟词生义)重新获得→recovery n．[U]恢复；复苏；康复 12.dislike n．& vt.不喜欢；厌恶→（反义词)like vt.喜欢 13.power n．[U]能力；力量；权力→（熟词生义)提供动力→powerful adj.强大的；有力的→（powerless adj.无力的；没有能力的 14.disagree v i.不同意→（agree vi.同意→ agreement n．[U]同意；[C]协议 15.ignore vt.不理睬；忽视→ignorant adj.无知的→ignorance n．无知，愚昧 16.upset a dj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.使不安；使心烦→upset/upset/upsetting(过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 18.swap v t.交换→ swapped/swapped/swapping(过去式/过去分词/现在分词) Unit2 1.eastern adj.东方的；东部的→ east adj.东方的adv. 向东方n. 东方；东部 2.enrich vt. 使富裕；充实；改善→ rich adj. 富有的；富饶的；丰富的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/e412740837.html,mand n．& vt.命令；指令；掌握→commander n．[C]指挥官 4.base v t.以……为根据n．[C]基部；基地；基础→basic adj.基本的；基础的→basically ad v.基本
精心整理U1 addsth.up把……加起来 addsth.tosth.把……加到/进……里 addupto加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态) Concerningsth=Regardingsth关于，某事 gothroughahardtime经历了一段困难时期 gothroughthebaggage检查行李 gothroughthenewspaper浏览报纸 gothroughlotsofmoney花了很多钱
setdowntheideasonpaper把想法写在纸上setmedownatthebus-stop在车站让我下车aseriesof onpurpose=bydesign故意 byaccident=bychance偶然，碰巧 sufferfrom因……而痛苦,患……病sufferfromloneliness因孤独而痛苦sufferfromabadcold得了重感冒 遭受,蒙受(痛苦、饥饿、寒冷、损失等) sufferaheavyloss遭受严重损失
sufferpain/hunger/cold/death遭受痛苦;饥饿;寒冷;死亡 sufferern.受苦者 sufferingn.痛苦,苦难 recoverfromillness betiredof(doing)sth厌烦做某事 betiredfrom(doing)sth因做某事很累 Tellhimthatheshouldhavestudied.本该做却没做Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoug hts?定语从句 HerfamilywasJewishsonearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered. abouteverythingtodowithnature.不定式作后置定语
高中英语必修一 Unit 1 △survey /'s??ve?/n. 调查；测验add up 合计 upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦ignore [iɡ?n?:]vt. 不理睬；忽视 calm [kɑ:m]vt. & vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定 adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的 calm(…)down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来 have got to 不得不；必须 concern [k?n?s?:n] vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到; n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系 be concerned about 关心；挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 loose [lu:s] adj. 松的；松开的 △vet n. 兽医 go through 经历；经受 △Amsterdam n. 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都） Netherlands n. 荷兰（西欧国家） △Jewish [?d?u:??] 犹太人的；犹太族的 German [?d??:m?n] adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的; n．德国人；德语 △Nazi n. 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的 set down 记下；放下；登记 series [?si?ri:z] n. 连续；系列 a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 △Kitty n. 基蒂（女名） outdoors [?autd?:z] adv. 在户外；在野外 △ spellbind [?spel?ba?nd] vt. (spellbound, spellbound) 迷住；迷惑 on purpos e [?p?:p?s]故意 in order to 为了…… dusk [d?sk] n. 黄昏；傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻 thunder [?θ?nd?] vi. 打雷；雷鸣n．雷；雷声 entire [in?tai?] adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 power [?pau?] n. 能力；力量；权力 face to face 面对面地 curtain [?k?:tn] n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布 dusty [?d?sti:] adj. 积满灰尘的 no longer/not…any longer 不再…… partner [?pɑ:tn?] n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人 settle [?setl]vi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排；解决 suffer [ ?s?f?] vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历 suffer from 遭受；患病
UNIT 1 Anne’s best friend 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担 心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？ 安妮弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她 最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一 家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹 抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了二十五个月之后才被发现。在这段时间里， 她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在 日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称 作基蒂”。 安妮从1942年七月起就躲藏在那里了，现在来看看他当时 的心情吧。 1944年6月15日，星期四 亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一 切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛 蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自 从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 …比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到 11点半故意不睡 觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打 开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼 上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆 黑的夜晚，风吹雨打，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了。这 是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚… 不幸的是……我只能透过那满是灰尘的窗帘下那脏兮兮的窗 户看看大自然。只能隔着窗户看那大自然实在没意思，因为大自 然是需要真正体验的东西。 Using Language 亲爱的王小姐： 现在我同班上的同学有些麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处的很好。我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐意互相帮助。我们成了真正好朋友。可是，其他同学却在背后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是，我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢？
高中英语人教版必修一知识点总结 Unit 1 Friendship Unit 2 English around the world Unit 3 Tracel journal Unit 4 Earthquakes Unit 5 Nelson Mandela - a modern hero 第一单元 1）add vt/vi加；添加；增添 add up合计加起来，但在口语中有时用于否定句，表示“莫名其妙，不说明问题”。add up to 总计共达，所有一切都说明，总而言之。 add sth（to sth）把……加到……里去。 add to 增加，扩建。 add 表示“继续说，补充说”。 区别add和increase add意思是“加，增加”，强调添加。或者表示将数字加起来求和。 increase“增加”，表示在数量，产量，尺寸，程度等方面的增加。 2）cheat v 欺骗；作弊n 骗子；作弊者；骗人的事 cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 从某人处欺诈某物 cheat on/at/in 作弊，欺诈 3)list v 将事物列于表上；编事物的目录n 名单；目录；一览表 make a list of 造表，列……表 take…off the list 从表上去掉…… stand first on the list 居首位，列前茅 as listed above 如上所列 3）share share in 分享，分担，共用 share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物 share out 分配，分发；得到股息，升股息 share（n.）in/of 一分，部分 4）trust vi/vt 信任，信赖；依赖 trust in 相信，信任，信仰 trust to 依靠（运气等），依赖 trust that… 希望，想 5）suffer vt/vi 遭受，受到，蒙受；受痛苦，受折磨，受惩罚，受损伤 suffer from 受……伤害；患……病痛 注意：suffer 和suffer from 都不能用于被动语态 6）calm vt/vi/adj. 使平静；使镇定。平静的，镇静的，沉着的。 calm down 平静下来，镇定下来 quite指人对外界事物感触的安静。对人时，侧重不激动，平静温和，不发表意见。still指完全没有声音或者没有动静，突然静止不动。 silent主要指人不爱说话，沉默不语。 7）concern
人教版高一英语必修1单词表 Unit 1 1.survey 调查；测验 2.add up 合计 3.upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的 4.ignore不理睬；忽视 5.calm vt.&vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇定的；沉着的calm...down（使）平静下来 6.have got to 不得不；必须 7.concern（使）担心；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系 8.be concerned about 关心；挂念 9.walk the dog 溜狗 10.loose adj 松的；松开的 11.vet 兽医 12.go through 经历；经受 13.Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都） https://www.doczj.com/doc/e412740837.html,herlands 荷兰（西欧国家） 15.Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的 16.German 德国的；德国人的；德语的。 17.Nazi 纳粹党人adj. 纳粹党的 18.set down 记下；放下；登记 19.series 连续，系列 a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套 20.outdoors在户外；在野外 21.spellbind 迷住；疑惑 22.on purpose 故意 23.in order to 为了 24.dusk 黄昏傍晚at dusk 在黄昏时刻 25.thunder vi 打雷雷鸣n. 雷，雷声 26.entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 27.entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地 28.power能力；力量；权力。 29.face to face 面对面地 30.curtain 窗帘；门帘；幕布 31.dusty adj 积满灰尘的 32.no longer /not …any longer 不再 33.partner 伙伴．合作者．合伙人 34.settle 安家；定居；停留vt 使定居；安排；解决 35.suffer vt &遭受；忍受经历suffer from 遭受；患病 36.loneliness 孤单寂寞 37.highway公路 38.recover痊愈；恢复 39.get/be tired of 对…厌烦 40.pack捆扎；包装打行李n 小包；包裹pack （sth ）up 将（东西）装箱打包
Teaching Plan Unit1 Friendship 教材人教版高中英语必修一 试讲者李瑶单位新疆师范大学 适用年级高中一年级单元第一单元 课题Anne’s Best Friend 课时共五课时，第二课时 （ Reading） 一．教材分析 Analysis of the Teaching Materials This unit is the first unit of the senior English studying which talks about friendship.As for the students, at the beginning of senior school life, making new friends is one of important things for them now,so the topic of this unit is appropriate at the present time. It can easily stimulate students’interests in English learning and help students think how to choose friends and the meaning of the friendship. The reading passage is the center of the unit. It mainly talks about the Anna , a Jewish girl , during the world war II, regarded the diary as her best friend to express her happiness, sorrow and missing to her hometown. 二．学情分析 Analysis of the Students As the students, grade1of senior high school,they have the basic abilities of listening,speaking,reading and writing,but they still need more chances to practice what they have learnt and improve their ability of communicating with others and expressing their ideas fluently and accurately. Meanwhile,it is also necessary to develop their autonomous learning ability and cooperative learning ability, as well cultivate the awareness of cultural differences. 三. 教学目标 Teaching Aims 1.Knowledge Objectives 1.Get students to know the main content of this article. 2.Learn about the formats of a diary. 2.Ability Objectives 1.Develop their reading ability and learn to use some reading strategies such as guessing, key sentences, skimming and so on. 2.Summarize different paragraphs. 3.Emotion Objectives
Unit1 Friendship 重点短语: 1. Add up和add up to的区别 2. Have got to= have to 3. Calm (sb.)down (sb.)使..镇定 4. Be concerned about= care about 5. Ignore= take no notice of 6. go through经历，经受 7. Walk the dog 8. A series of 一连串的，一系列的 9. at the point of就要…了10. Take the final-term exam 11. hide away 12. To do with:与…有关 13. on purpose(to do) 14. Stay awake 15. in order to 16. At dusk 17. face to face 18. Happen to 19. hold/have sb. In one’s power 20. Not… any loger= no longer 21. Suffer from 22. Recover from 23. Draw the curtains 24. Have trouble/difficulty with sth 25. fall in love 26. Get along (well/badly/nicely) with sb 27.pack (sth.) up 28. Join in=take part in= participate in 29.ask sb. for advice 30. Make a list of 31. communicate with 重点句型 1. The reason for (doing) sth./why …is that…。。。的理由（原因）是。。。friends are important to you.(列出为什么朋友对你很重要的原因清单) (Make a list of reasons why) 2. There is a time when…曾经有一段时间…. 3. It was the first time that…第一次做…（从句用完成时） It was the first time I could (这是我有生以来第一次面对面看Anne Hathaway) 4. Find it+形+to do sth. 发现做…很… 5. With+复合宾语（做条件，原因，方式和伴随等状语） Mother asked her whether/if she was tired . (妈妈问她手里拿这么多书累不累) (with so many books in her arms) 功能英语： Agreement:同意 I agree yes, I think so. So do I. Exactly. No problem. Sure Certainly Of course All right You’re right. Good idea I think that’s a good idea. Can’t agree more Disagreement:不同意 I don’t think so Neither do I. That’s not right.
Module 1 My First Day at Senior High 1 How’s it going? = How is everything recently? 2 cover：包含，包括●be covered with 被……覆盖 3 at the end of …在……结束的时候Eg : Class 5 is at the end of the corridor. ●in the end = at last 最后，终于（一般时态）Eg: I am sure I will win in the end. ●by the end of …到……为止(后用完成时态) Eg :①By the end of this term, we will have learnt two English books. ②By the end of last year, we had finished our task. ●end up with 以……告终 4 receive 客观上收到; accept 主观上收到Eg :I received his invitation but did not accept it. 5 divide：划分，把整体分为若干部分Eg :The world is divide into five continents. ※比较separate：分隔，把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来 6 表参加活动的短语： take part in + 活动join the party join in the game attend + the meeting 7. The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are amazing. 表示“吃惊”的几个单词： ◆surprise指“由于出乎意料而感到惊异或诧异”。Eg: His coming surprised me. ◆astonish指“由于出乎意料而又不能理解而感到吃惊”，语意较强。 Eg: I was astonished to see he got up so early. ◆amaze指“由于认为似乎不可能或极少可能发生的事的出现而感到大为诧异、迷惑不解”， 语意较强。Eg :I was amazed at his confidence. 8. Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen. as … as…表示“和……一样……”。Eg: My book is as interesting as yours. 9. The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Mr. Shen. called Ms Shen在此作定语。 10. We’re using a new textbook and Ms Shen’s method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school. (1) 表示“方法、办法”的几个单词： ◆method作可数名词，指（系统的、逻辑的）方法、办法。后面常接of + 动名词，不接不定 式）；作不可数名词，指秩序，条理，规律。 Eg :①He is a man of having accurate and strict methods. ②We must get some method into our office filling. ◆way为可数名词，后接不定式或of + 动名词。 Eg :①We must find a way to solve this kind of problem. ②The normal way of carrying out such a kind plan is very difficult. ◆means单复数形式相同，其前有a, one, this, that, every等有时表单数意义，其前有such, these, those, all等有时表复数意义，其多指抽象或概括性的含义，后可接不定式，也可接of + 动名词/名词。Eg: There is no means of finding out what happened. (2) nothing like + n./pron. ◆完全不像，一点也不像Eg :She’s nothing like her mother. ◆没有什么能赶得上Eg :There’s nothing like a holiday to make one feel rested. 11. I don’t think I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class! Think表示意见和看法，其后的宾语从句中的否定词not被移到主句中，该现象被称为“否定转移”。类似的动词还有：expect, believe, suppose, imagine等。 Eg :①I don’t suppose that she will be back until night.