商务英语基础教程2011-2012期末考试试题
姓名学号
I translate the words and phrases(15%)
1 即使
2 轮流地
3 集中于
4 更换（话题）
5 代替
6 在…之前
7 首先 8 总之
9以不同的方式 10 决定，商定
11feedback 12 value proposition
13 first-rate 14 distributor
15 container
II Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given below. Change the form where necessary.(10%)
orientation inform improve frustrate acknowledgement
ensure productivity figure out reward apply
1.He did a lot to __________conditions for factory workers.
2.He wants a job in which he can ________his foreign languages.
3.Studies show that if a working environment is
pleasant,_________increases.
4.He _______the police that some money was missing.
5.The lack of computing facilities in the office_________him.
6.The building has an east-west _______.
7.The role of the police is to ______that the law is obeyed.
8.A $1000______has been offered for the return of the stolen painting.
9.We are sending you some money in________of your valuable help.
10.I can’t________why he did it.
III Correct the mistakes (20%)
1 I work with a wholly foreign-owned company specialize in industrial equipment.
2 Automated clearinghouses are great useful for regular payments.
3 This handbook is an important career guide publish by the government.
4 He can’t enjoy the scenery not worrying about his future in this field.
5 our sales were increased last year.
6 The number of returned products will be raised.
7 Tom was seen come into the meeting room.
8 Our reception area needs redecorate.
9 Careless resulted in his failure in the negotiation.
10 Mary good at market analysis.
IV Translate the sentences.(15%)
1 这工作结果比我们想的要难。（turn out to be）
2 他们只出版迎合市场的小说。（cater）
3 不管你做什么事情，要尽量保持你的时间充裕。（make sure）
4 尽管天气不好，他们可能还是决定按原计划出发。（probably）
5 孩子们不应该过分依赖父母。(depend on）
V cloze (10%)
One evening I was resting in a cafe. I? 1 a pair of newly bought white leather shoes, which were rather expensive. Then a boy came to me.
He was in a(n) 2 shirt, looking pale and about eleven. No sooner had I begun to speak than he opened the 3 i n his hand and took out the tools of shoe-polishing. He 4 down, took off my leather shoes, and began to shine them.
He was busy doing his work 5 heavy rain began to pour down. People rushed to the café for 6 from the rain. More and more people crowded 7 and gradually separated the boy from me.
Hours passed, and it turned 8 . I had no shoes on my feet and 9 where the boy had been. I thought he would not 10 my shoes, and I would have to go home on my bare feet.
When it was near midnight the 11 ended, and there were fewer and fewer people in the café. The café was to be 12 . I had to move to the door, head 13 . just as I went to the gate, I 14 found that a boy of about eleven, looking very familiar, was sleeping at the 15 with his head leaning against a box and his upper body being 16 . he held a package made of his shirt tightly in his arms. I shook him slightly and woke him up. He 17 up and rubbed his eyes for a while before he recognized me. Then he opened the package 18 , gave me my leather shoes, and apologized to me shyly. I 19 him and wrapped him with his unfit shirt, which had wrapped my leather shoes. On my way home, the 20 of the boy stayed in my mind.
1 A. took B.wore C. mended D. owned
2.A. old B.unfit C. small D. dirty
3. A. bag B. package C. box D. suitcase
4. A. seated B. bent C. put D. looked
5. A. when B. after C. because D. since
6. A. protection B.rest C.hide D preparation
7. A. out B. away C. in D. off
8. A. dark B. light C. dim Dbright
9. A. thought B.wondered C.guessed Dimagined
10. A. shine B. keep C return D.carry
11. A. rain B. coffee C. time D work
12. A. opened B. locked C. stopped D closed
13. A. lowered B. dropped Craised D.held
14A.shortly B.surprisedly Csadly D immediately
15. A. table B. door C. bed D. cafe
16. A. wet B. bare C. pale D. cold
17. A. stayed B. saw C jumped D. got
18.A.finally B.suddenly C.unfriendly D.hurridly
19. A. recognized B. forgave C. paid D.inspired
20. A.feature B.shirt C.image D.form
VIreading comprehension (20%)
In 1939 two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald, started a drive-in restaurant in San Bernadino, California. They carefully chose a busy corner for their location. They had run their own businesses for years, first a theater, then a barbecue（烤肉）restaurant, and then another drive-in. But in their new operation, they offered a new, shortened menu: French fries, hamburgers, and sodas. To this small selection they added one new concept: quick service, no waiters or waitresses, and no tips.
Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity, for the brothers had developed a strict routine for the preparation of their food, and they insisted on their cooks" sticking to their routine. Their new drive-in became incredibly popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were content with this modest success untilthey met Ray Kroc.
Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling milk shake-mixing machines. He quickly saw the unique appeal of the brothers" fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise （特许经营）other copies of their restaurants. The agreement struck included the right to duplicate the menu. The equipment, even their red and white buildings with the golden arches（拱门）.
Today McDonald"s is really a household name. Its names for its sandwiches have come to mean hamburger in the decades since the day Ray Kroc watched people rush up to order fifteen-cent hamburgers. In 1976, McDonald"s had over $ 1 billion in total sales. Its first twenty-two years is one of the most incredible success stories in modern American business history.
1. This passage mainly talks about .
A）the development of fast food services
B）how McDonald"s became a billion-dollar business
C）the business careers of Mac and Dick McDonald
D）Ray Kroc"s business talent
2. Mac and Dick managed all of the following businesses except——A） drive-in B） cinema C） theater D）barbecue restaurant
3. We may infer from this passage that
A）Mac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy for they sold their idea to Kroc
B）The location the McDonalds chose was the only source of the great popularity of their drive-in
C）Forty years ago there were numerous fast-food restaurants
D）Ray Kroc was a good businessman
4. The passage suggests that .
A）creativity is an important element of business success
B）Ray Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothers
C）Mac and Dick McDonald became broken after they sold their ideas to Ray Kroc
D）California is the best place to go into business
5. As used in the second sentence of the third paragraph, the word unique means .
A）special B）financial C ）attractive D）peculiar
Passage2
You"re busy filling out the application form for a position you really need; let"s assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn"t it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University?
More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university. Registrars at most well-known colleges say theydeal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of aboutone per week.
Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicants lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them impostors（骗子）; another refers to them asspecial cases. One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made byno such people.
To avoid outright（彻底的）lies, some job-seekers claim that they attended or were associated with a college or university. After carefully checking, a personnel officer may discover that attending means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that being associated with a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century-that"s when they began keeping records, anyhow.
If you don"t want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony（假的）diploma. One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of non-existent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from Smoot State University.The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the University of Purdue. As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.
6. The main idea of this passage is that .
A）employers are checking more closely on applicants now
B）lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem
C）college degrees can now be purchased easily
D）employers are no longer interested in college degrees
7. According to the passage, special cases refer to cases
where .
A）students attend a school only part-time
B) students never attended a school they listed on their application
C）students purchase false degrees from commercial films
D）students attended a famous school
8. We can infer from the passage that .
A）performance is a better judge of ability that a college degree
B）experience is the best teacher
C）past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do
D） a degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job petition
9. This passage implies that .
A）buying a false degree is not moral
B）personnel officers only consider applicants from famousschools
C）most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school
D）society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications
10. As used in the first line of the second paragraph, the word utter means .
A）address B）thorough C）ultimate D）decisive
VII composition
写一则通知（10%）
1 地点和时间：大学会议室这周六下午三点
2内容：关于提高商务英语能力的讲座，讲座由国内知名的教授主持。
3 参加人员：所有10级商务英语专业的学生
4注意事项：不要迟到；手机进入会场后关闭；带好笔记本；准备好你感兴趣
的问题
II) Match each one on the left with its correct meaning on the right 1. motivation 2. pursue 3. mark up 4. procurement 5. intangible 6. cargoroyalty 商务英语阅读习题（一） I) Comprehension 1. What is international trade? 2. What are the major motivations for private firm to operate international business? 3. What measures do most companies usually adopt to avoid wild swings in the sales and profits? 4. Pleas give the four major modes chosen by most companies when entering into international trade. 5. Could you find any difference between Direct Investment and Portfolio Investment? If you can, please tell the main reasons. 6. What is MNE? What are its synonyms? 7. What limits a firm's sales? A. to make continual efforts to gain sth. B. the action of obtaining, esp. by efforts of careful attention. C. which by is its nature can not be known by senses, not clear and certain, not real. D. the goods (freight) carried by a ship, plane or vehicle. E. the amount by which a price is raised. F. profit, interest- G. the net value of assets or interest, invest. 8. equity 股本，资产净值 H. not needing other things or people, taking decisions alone. 9. yield I. a share of the profits. 10. independent J. need or purpose. 2. A 3.E 4.B 5. C 6.D 7.1 8.G 9.F 10.H HI) Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given below and if necessary, put the word in the right form. A. orientation B. diversify C. seek out D. differentiate...from E. take advantage of F. undergo G. bring about H. correspond L abandon J. amount to K. Come after L. approach 1. That factory is trying to B its products to sell in different markets. 2. A successful businessman is always skilled in E every possible opportunity. 3. Reforming and opening to the world has G great changes in our lives. 4. Can you D this kind of operating the others? 5. Private firm going in for international business have a profit A 6. He I his company and family and went away with all the money. 7. The L of winter brings cold weather. 8. The manager's words J a refusal to the proposal.
Unit 4 Advertising Part I Business Vocabulary Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. This part totals 20 points, one point for each sentence. C1 Outdoor advertising is one of the fastest growing _______________ in the market. A markets B sections C segments D sectors D2 The world of outdoor advertising billboards, transport and ‘street furniture’ is ______ about $18 billion a year, just 6% of all the worl d’s spending on advertising. A worthwhile B worthy C valued D worth C3 The soaring costs of TV are ______________ clients to consider alternatives. A making B driving C prompting D letting A4 BMW ran a ‘teasers’ campaign in Britain on bus shelters. A exclusively B largely C greatly D inclusively C5 Placing an ad on a bus shelter for two weeks ________________ at about ￡90. A works on B works away C works out D calculates D6 We are facing a ________________ with our market share. What are we going to do about it? A promotion B sale C order D crisis A7 Focus, a large advertising agency based in Paris, has a reputation for creating imaginative and ____________ campaigns. A effective B efficient C effect D efficacious C8 Focus now needs to ________________ potential clients that it still
《体验商务英语综合教程》课程教学大纲 一、基本信息 课程编号: 024222007 课程名称：体验商务英语综合教程3 英文名称:Intermediate Business English Course Book 课程性质: 专业基础课 总学时：72学时 学分：4学分 适用对象：商务英语专业本科3年级学生 先修课程：综合英语 二、编写说明 （一）课程的性质 《体验商务英语综合教程》是为商务英语专业学生开设的一门专业基础课。这门课程始于二年级下学期，与之前的综合英语课程衔接，使学生在掌握英语语言技能的同时，了解现代国际商务的现状，以达到在体验商务中学习语言、提高商务交际能力的目的。本课程横跨三个学期，分别使用《体验商务英语综合教程》的第三册、第四册和第五册。 （二）课程教学目标和基本要求 本课程作为商务英语专业的基础必修课之一，从培养高级应用型商务英语人才的目标出发，理论联系实际，旨在帮助学生在掌握英语语言技能的同时，了解现代国际商务的现状，以达到在体验商务中学习语言、提高商务交际能力的目标。 本课程要求学生能够掌握重点词汇的英文表达，熟悉现代市场经济条件下商务活动的各个方面和时代课题，如全球化、国际营销、技术创新、营销策略、企业文化、市场竞争、经营风险、危机管理、电子商务等等。为了达到这些目标，本课程要求学生积极参与课堂讨论，在阅读的基础上，通过角色扮演和案例学习等方式，在完成交际任务中复用所学语言知识，提高交际能力，将自己的经历和观点融入交际活动之中。 （三）课程的重点和难点 本课程的讲授时间为三个学期，分别使用《体验商务英语综合教程》的第三册、第四册和第五册。每册的学习量均为12个单元，单元设计以语言和商务技能为主线，商务词汇、语法的学习与讨论相结合，听力和阅读部分配有角色扮演等交际活动，最后是案例分析或技能运用。本课程重点涉及体验式的教学和学习方式，学生在形式多样的任务活动中，掌握相关的商务词汇、提高商务英语的听力、阅读和写作能力，达到语言水平和商务技能的同时提高。难点在于学生要能灵活地运用自己所学的语言和商务知识，将自己的经历和观点融入交际活动之中，在提高语言表达能力的同时还要提高自己的交际能力。 （四）课程教学方法与手段 （1）强调课堂教学应以学生为主体而以教师为主导，改变以教师为中心的教
Text A 令狐文艳 II. Choose the best answer from the following. 1.C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. D III. Translate the following into Chinese. 1.经过数月在网上搜寻研究西北大学和仔细询问到访过西 北大学的朋友、老师和咨询顾问，玛克辛最终希望自己能被西北大学录取。 2.对于像玛克辛一样正在申请秋季入学的学生来说，他们 会沮丧地发现这一梦想难以实现。考入一所知名院校的机会从未如此渺茫。 3.但是招生主管们已经开始担忧申请者数量缩减的问题， 尤其是为数不多每年有能力支付4万美金费用的那部分申请者。 Text B II. Decidewhether the following statements are true or falseaccording to the text. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. F III. Translate the following into Chinese 1.20世纪80年代和90年代初期私立中学毕业生能够期 望一生的收入比国立中学同时期毕业生多35％，他们
发现这其中大约一半可以归因于他们所接受的教育，而非他们的背景。 2.研究人员也尽量精确地描述私立中学施展魔力的办法： 凭借更优秀的考试成绩，而不是凭借关系网带来的各种机会或者质量更高的诸如礼仪或领导方法等软技巧的教学。 3.一位知情人士认为如下的操作不太可能：许多父母通过 再抵押贷款来支付学费，但由于不稳定的房价和银行日益紧缩的信贷条件，这条路很快就走不通了。 Fast Reading Practice 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B
Unit 6 The Quality and Quantity I Teaching Aim 1. Cognitive Information(认知信息): Quality and Quantity of Customers 2. Language Focus(内容重点): 1）Word Study: A. cast, complex, relatively, critical, matter, conversely, specific, seminar, initially； B. income, budget, straightforward, cost, beneficial, individual, prospective, overall 2）Phrases: A. in the hopes of, depend on, result in, instead of, be exposed to；B. seek to 3）Key Words: A. spread；B. Specify 3. Grammar: There be 结构 4. Writing （写作技巧）: 英语写作的语气 5. Translation （翻译技巧）: 句子主语的翻译 III Background Information The Marketing Plan营销计划 营销决策的核心部分就是营销计划。营销计划的作用是：需要营销人员充分地了解营销决策的结果。需要营销人员充分地了解他们所经营的市场。制定目标并且为企业内部人员提供指导。 营销计划无论是计划一年或更长，都要求进行市场研究，以便更好地了解市场。随着对市场的了解，营销人员可以根据以下要点进行计划： 企业任务——企业长期发展的目标。这是企业高层领导的意愿并且长期不变。 宗旨——反映出企业的希望。与企业任务一样，企业宗旨也是从上贯彻到下的。宗旨可能是以财政目标（比如，赢利）或营销目标的形式（比如，达到市场份额的某一水平）。 营销战略——为达到目标，要求营销人员参与制定资源（比如，营销资金）的利用。但是，在营销决策之前（比如，在哪里做广告），营销人员需要制定全面的行动计划。 营销预算——执行营销策略几乎总意味着费用。营销费用必须与营销战术策略相配合。营销部门先制定出全部费用的预算，最终由管理层来决定预算的多少。 IV language and Culture Focus （语言文化要点） Text A 1 .W ord study 1）cast v. to throw （sth.），esp deliberately or with force 扔，投，掷，抛 e.g. cast a stone 扔石头 The angler cast his line (into the water). 钓鱼的人把鱼线抛入水中。 2）complex a. difficult to understand or explain because there are many different parts 复杂的，难懂的 e.g. a complex argument, theory, subject 复杂的论证、理论、学科
Unit 1 Company Profile 1.Translate the following Chinese terms into English. candidate patent industry personnel registered trademark core competency domain name intended market emerging market headquarter multinational corporation Chief Executive Officer stakeholder 2.Translate the following English terms into Chinese. 股本，股金总额 以人为本的解决方案 精于心简于形 对客户的深入了解 工业革命 回收利用 3.Translation: 宝洁公司始创于1837年，是世界上最大的日用消费品公司之一。2007财政年度，公司全年销售额达682亿美元。在《财富》杂志评选出的全球500家最大企业中，排名第74位。 宝洁公司在全球80多个国家设有工厂或分公司，所经营的300多个品牌的产品畅销160多个国家和地区，其中包括美容护理、居家护理、吉列产品等。每天，在世界各地，宝洁公司的产品与全球消费者发生着三十亿次亲密接触。宝洁大中华业务区包括1988年成立的中国大陆分公司、1987成立的香港分公司和1985年成立的台湾分公司。 一九八八年，宝洁公司在广州成立了在中国的第一家合资企业－广州宝洁有限公司，从此开始了其中国业务发展的历程。宝洁总部位于广州,目
前在广州、北京、上海、成都、天津、东莞及南平等地设有多家分公司及工厂，并在北京设立技术中心。 二十年来，宝洁取得了飞速的发展，主要表现在： 建立了领先的大品牌 宝洁公司是中国最大的日用消费品公司，年销售额超过二十亿美元。我们在参与竞争的领域内占据了最大的市场份额。飘柔、舒肤佳、玉兰油、帮宝适、汰渍及吉列等品牌在各自的护发、个人清洁、皮肤护理、婴儿护理、洗衣粉、男士美容等产品领域内都处于领先的市场地位。 业务保持了强劲的增长 中国宝洁是全球业务增长速度最快的区域市场之一。目前, 宝洁大中华区的销售量已位居宝洁全球区域市场中的第二位,销售额也已位居前五位。 建立了出色的组织结构 伴随着公司的业务发展，宝洁的中国员工得到了迅速的成长。中国籍的员工占员工总数的97%以上，宝洁大中华区已成为向宝洁其他市场的重要管理人才输出地。 承诺做模范企业公民 宝洁向中国的各项公益事业捐款的总额已超过八千万元人民币（一千万美元），希望工程是宝洁公司慈善捐赠的最大接受者。 4.略 Unit 2 Business Meeting 1.Translation: Honorable Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Good evening! It is a great pleasure for me to attend, among all of you here the opening ceremony of the 2005 FORTUNE Global Forum on this pleasant
参考译文 Unit 1 参考译文 国际商务的范围 国际商务是指任何类型的跨国商务活动。它可以分为4种类型: 对外贸易、服务贸易、有价证券投资和直接投资。在对外贸易中，国与国之间从事有形货物或商品的进出口业务。进出口贸易构成了世界上大多数国家最基本的国际商务活动。除货物和商品进出口贸易外,国家之间还进行服务贸易，如保险、金融、饭店、咨询、旅游及运输。跨国公司就因在别国提供服务而得到报酬。 国际有价证券投资指在别国进行的金融投资。投资者购买企业股票和长期债券，无非是为了谋求投资回报。有价证券投资者的目标不是控制一个企业，他们随时可按市场行情兑现他们所投的资金。海外直接投资是指在国外建厂或建立销售网络。投资者可购买外国公司现有的全部或部分资产，以控制或部分控制该公司的销售、生产、科研和发展。 从历史的角度来看，国际商务并非新鲜事物。它已有上千年的历史，尽管其形式、方法及重要性在不断演变。在古代，希腊人就在地中海地区从事贸易活动。在历史的长河中，随着复杂的商务技巧不断出现，商业持续不断的发展，从而促进了货物、资源、资金在国家间的流动。工业革命提供了大规模生产方法和大规模市场，从而进一步促进了国际商务的发展。随着工业化水平的提高，对供给、原料、劳动力和运输的需求也日益增大。 20 世纪以来，事实证明，广泛的商务关系覆盖全球。由于商务实体越来越认识到它们的市场是全球性的，而不仅仅在国内，所以产品、资本和人员比以往任何时候都更紧密地联系在一起。随着商务活动的范围跨出国界，银行和金融机构接踵而至，以满足商务活动为世界性的投资和经营所需要的资金。金融市场之间的联系也变得非常纷繁复杂。美国股市的走向和变化会直接影响到世界上其他地区的产权投资市场。 如今，只有目光短浅的商人才会相信，一个企业在本国市场范围内完全可以实现发展和繁荣。国内商界起码必须认识到市场竞争的国际根源，因为竞争的根源一直存在，并且日益成为国内商界的威胁。在世界市场和经济的动态中，这些变化的根源就是世界范围寻求的国际商务活动。 Unit 2 参考译文 维萨卡在中国的发展史 15 年前，中国没有一个人持有维萨卡。今天，中国有三千多万人持有维萨卡。 1993 年我们率先成立了维萨卡北京办事处。此后，我们与中国的金卡工程和其他机构合作，帮助改进中国的银行卡支付系统。为了建设中国第一个电子支付网络，维萨卡国际组织在其运行、构架、技术设备等方面提供了必要的支持和建议，我们对此感到尤为自豪。
Unit 13 The Business of Making Money Exercises 1. Questions on the text: 1)What are the latest developments in private equity in recent years Compared to the 1980s, the targets of today’s private equity groups are much bigger in size. In recent years, the private equity industry has raised record money and its share of mergers and acquisitions has grown massively. The industry has also become a byword for money-making skills but its wealth has also brought many enemies. 2)According to the article, what are the main inconveniences for a company to be a publicly quoted company The main inconveniences for a publicly quoted company include: its executives have to face intrusive media coverage; it has to obey strict and long corporate-governance codes; it also has to face the threats of activist investors and short sellers and the scrutiny by some politicians. 3)What are the main reasons for a company to get listed on a stockmarket Traditionally there are three main reasons to get a company’s share listed on a stockmarket. The first is to raise capital, either to expand the business or to allow the founders to realise their wealth. The second is to help retain staff, who can be offered share options as an incentive to stay and work hard. The third involves prestige; customers, suppliers and potential employees may be reassured (and attracted) by the apparent seal of approval given by a public listing. Meanwhile, being publicly listed gives a company better access to fund investors and retail investors. 4)Why are companies in the Anglo-Saxon economies reluctant to borrow from banks Companies in the Anglo-Saxon economies were reluctant to borrow from banks because their often felt nervous about the possibility of the sudden withdrawal of credit from the banks, due to a change in lending policy, new management or an economic downturn. 5)According to the article, what are the main sources for today’s companies to raise money (including equity capital and debt) Nowadays the main sources for companies to raise money are: first, equity market; second, banks, though much less important than they used to be; third, bond market; fourth, private equity. 6)How do private-equity firms respond to the problems identified by Professor Jensen with regard to public companies Professor Jensen argued that the structure of a public company creates an inherent conflict between investors and the managers they hire to run the business, particularly with regard to the use of free cash flow. He also argued
Unit 1~2 Mercantilism 重商主义 Neomeicantilist 新重商主义者 Trade surplus 贸易顺差 Quota and tariff 配额和关税 Government intervention 政府干预 Zero-sum game 零和博弈 Positive-sum game 常和博弈 The theory of absolute advantage 绝对优势理论 The theory of comparative advantage 比较优势理论 Factor endowments 要素禀赋理论 Product life cycle 产品生命周期（+theory ……理论） Economies of scale 规模经济 Diminishing returns 收益递减规律 Green revolution 绿色革命 Voluntary restriction 自动出口限制 Deposit 佣金 First mover advantage 先占优势 Barrier to entry 进入(市场)壁垒 Porter’s diamond theory 波特的钻石理论 National competitive advantage 国家竞争优势 The department of commerce 商务部 Letter of credit 信用证 Draft /bill of exchange 汇票 bill of lading B/L 提单 Sight draft 即期汇票 Time draft 远期汇票 Banker ‘s acceptance 银行承兑（+bill …汇票） Trade acceptance 商业承兑汇票 Countertrade 对等贸易 Barter 易货贸易 Switch trading 转手贸易 Offset 抵消 Counter purchase 互购贸易 Compensation trade 补偿贸易 Mercantilism suggests that it is in a country’s best interest to maintain a trade surplus -- to export more than it imports（重商主义就是保持贸易顺差以实现一国的最大利益---出口超过进口） Mercantilism advocates government intervention(介入) to achieve a surplus in the balance of trade （重商主义主张政府介入以便实现对外贸易顺差） It views trade as a zero-sum game - one in which a gain by one country results in a loss by another （将贸易看成零和博弈，一个国家收益一个国家受损） Absolute Advantage 绝对优势 Adam Smith argued that a country has an absolute advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country in producing it 亚当斯密认为一个国家生产一种商品比其他任何国家效率都高时存在绝对优势 According to Smith, countries should specialize in the production of goods for which they have an absolute advantage and then trade these goods for the goods produced by other countries 按照亚当斯密的说法，各国应该专门生产具有绝对优势的商品，然后用他们交换其他国家生产的商品 The Benefit（好处） of Absolute Advantage and Free Trade The Principle for International Division of Labor–Absolute Advantage 国际分工的原则---绝对优势 The Consequence（结果） of Division of Labor and Free Trade 分工的结果和自由贸易 1. To Production: the Flow of the Factor of Production 生产要素的流动； the Efficiency of Factor Distribution 要素分配效率；the Quantity of Production 产品质量。 2. To Consumer: Welfare from Free Trade自由贸易福利: low price of imports and more consumption 低价格的进口更多的消费 Comparative Advantage比较优势 Ricardo’s theory of comparative advantage suggests that countries should specialize in the production of those goods they produce most efficiently and buy goods that they produce less efficiently from other countries, even if this means buying goods from other countries that they could produce more efficiently at home李嘉图的比较优势理论认为一个国家分工生产最有效率的产品，而从别国购买自己生产效率相对较低的产品，
《商务英语综合教程》教学大纲 Comprehensive Business English 商务英语专业适用 一．课程的性质与任务 商务英语是在商务背景下使用的英语。就英语语法来讲，商务英语与普通英语并五不同之处，但掌握商务英语词汇以及在各种商务场合所使用的不同用语（行话）对商务工作人员是非常必要的。因此，商务英语课对经贸英语专业的学生来说是非常重要的一门课。学生可以通过该课的学习与练习来提高英语沟通技能，使学生在未来的商务活动中更自信，更流利，也更准确。 该课程旨在通过听、说、读、写、讨论、解决问题和角色扮演等教学手段培养学生从事国际商务专业所需的英语听力、口语、阅读理解和写作的基本专业英语技能。通过学习，学生能在未来国际商务常见的场景中熟练地进行口头交流，流利地阅读和书写有关文字材料，帮助学生不仅体会国际商务专业英语语体的一些特点，而且了解国际商务工作中常见工作环节。 二．课程的基本要求和教学目的 1、听力能力要求：能基本听懂正常语速(每分钟120-160个单词)的一般商务活动中的电话、对话、谈判、会议发言等，并能结合具体语言环境，理解所听内容的深层含义，把握说话者的态度和意图。 2、阅读能力要求：能读懂中等难度的商务英语文章，了解作者的观点和态度。阅读速度为每分钟100-140个单词，理解准确率在75%以上。 3、口语能力要求：能够用英语介绍公司状况，进行业务咨询，与客户交流，做简单的商务报告等。语音、语调正确，语流连贯顺畅，表达基本得体。 4、写作能力要求：能够运用所学语言知识，写出符合国际商务惯例、格式规范的一般性商务报告、商务信函、会议纪要和电子邮件等。要能够做到中心思想明确、结构合理、语言得体。 5、英汉互译能力要求：能够翻译一般性商务材料。英译汉，要求速度每小时200－250个单词；汉译英，要求速度每小时180－220个汉字。能够承担一般性商务活动中的口译工作。 6、词汇要求：认知词汇达到5,000左右单词，熟练掌握其中约2,500个词。 7、综合素质要求：要求学生具有乐观、积极、向上的心理素质和勇于创新、不断更新自身知识体系的精神。 三．课程内容 本课程共四册教材，内容如下： 第一册 1．学习外语 2．介绍 3．职业和职责 4．时间管理
Unit 1 1. The World Bank’s key role is to improve living standards and assist developing nations through making credit and other forms of assistance available to achieve a sustainable development. 世界银行的关键作用是通过提供信贷和其他形式的援助来实现可持续发展来提高生活水平和协助发展中国家。 2. So in order to smooth out the international business cycle, and thus reduce the duration and damage of recessions, OPEC could temper oil prices and control booming or slumping economic growth. 所以为了消除国际商业周期，从而减少经济衰退的时间和损失，石油输出国组织可以调低油价，控制经济增长或萧条。 3. Its members benefit from liberalized trade gaining access to a larger demand market, new technologies, managerial techniques, raises in living standards, and employment opportunities. 其成员受益于自由贸易进入更大需求市场，新技术，管理技术，提高了生活水平和就业机会。 4. Under his influence, the organiza tion’s international secretariat was established in Paris and he was instrumental in creating the ICC International Court of Arbitration in 1923. 在他的影响下，该组织的国际秘书处在巴黎成立，他在1923年创建了国际商会国际仲裁法庭。 5. ICC’s reach—and the complexity of its work—have kept pace with the globalization of business and technology. In the 1920s ICC focused on reparations war debts. 国际商会的影响力及其工作的复杂性与商业和技术的全球化保持同步。20世纪20年代国际商会专注于赔偿战争债务。 6. A decade later, it struggled vainly through the years of depression to hold back the tide of protectionism and economic nationalism. 十年后，它徒劳地挣扎着通过几年的萧条，以遏制保护主义和经济民族主义的浪潮。
美联英语提供：商务英语-学商务英语到底该买什么书 关于商务英语，那些你不知道的事都在这里 https://www.doczj.com/doc/e917449452.html,/test/fayin.aspx?tid=16-73675-0 学商务英语到底该买什么书 十大主流教材PK：学商务英语 一、《MARKET LEADER体验商务英语综合教程》 内容简介： 《体验商务英语》系列教材为学习者提供了全新的学习方式，即在体验中学习商务英语，进而提高运用英语进行商务交际的能力。该系列教材是在培生教育出版集团出版的Market Leader 和powerhouse 系列教材的基础上改编的，由《综合教程》、《听说教程》、《同步练习》、《教师用书》和配套的录音、录像资料等组成。 教材特点：将国际商务活动引入课堂，体验真实的商务世界。角色扮演和案例学习将体验式学习引向深入，教学设计严谨，为体验式学习打好基础。教学资源丰富，为体验式教学提供有力支持。 点评：
作为老牌商务英语品牌的引进教材，极好地保留着美国人的实用主义特点。Market Leader(https://www.doczj.com/doc/e917449452.html,)注重于应用，尤其是每个单元的案例分析十分有利于体验式教学。加上其文章都来自于FT，不但内容精炼，在应用的广泛度和流行程度上也做到了有力保证。该系列教材非常适合公司英语培训、公司英语内训等教学使用，亚洲最大的公司英语培训公司马科里得的首选教材就是这套《MARKET LEADER体验商务英语综合教程》，就是看中它具有MBA特点的案例教学设计。刚刚出版的第三版在应用的贴合度上又有不少改进，非常值得期待。 二、《新编剑桥商务英语》 内容简介： 剑桥商务英语证书(BEC)考试是一种全新的实用型考试，侧重考察真实工作环境中的英语交流能力，专为广大商务英语学习者量身定做，获得全球众多教育机构及企业的认可，并将其作为入学考试或招聘录用的英语语言水平要求。 《新编剑桥商务英语教师用书》增加了学生用书中由于篇幅限制无法保留的部分内容，如详细的教学笔记、习题答案、听力文字材料和进一步的学习参考；还提供了内容高度凝练、充满趣味而且可以模仿的学习活动，是职场新人和广大师生们最理想的选择 点评：
商务英语阅读教程答案 U 集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）
Unit 2 Text A. II. Choose the best answer from the following. 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. A III. Translate the following into Chinese. 1.随着金砖四国（巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国）以及其他新兴市场的经济影响力和自信不 断增强，发展重点的这种差异一定会变得越来越重要。 2.非政府组织试图提高贫困人民的生活水平，公司则渴望赢得具有巨大增长潜力的市场中 的消费者，非政府组织和公司之间存在着利益趋同现象。 3.要签署加入《联合国企业家良心组织》，公司只需承诺履行十大主要准则，例如提高环 保的责任意识，反对腐败，并且每年汇报一次他们所取得的进展。 Text B II. Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the text. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F III. Translate the following into Chinese. 1.在为数不多的几个出类拔萃堪称日本企业典范的跨国公司中,索尼这个品牌一直是个引领 者，过去，从单枪三束彩色电视机到随身听，索尼代表了电子消费品的优良品质，但如今，索尼这一品牌正随着过去成功势头的消退而日渐衰弱。 2.出井伸之提前一年离职的决定表明公司可能比预想的还要糟糕，而他定下的2007年利润 恢复至10％的目标更是遥不可及。 3.年复一年，扩张酿成了行动缓慢的大型化趋向，并且索尼公司也就成了日本企业界停滞 不前的案例。
《商务英语综合教程》课程教学大纲 课程名称：商务英语综合教程 课程类型：专业基础课必修课 总学时：128 适用专业：商务英语专业 一．课程的性质、目的和任务 （1）教材内容具有较强的时代性、实用性、针对性与系统性 （2）介绍了国际贸易及商务英语专业知识、语言训练和文化背景知识 （3）通过解读课文来培养学生的英语思维力、创新力和语用能力 （4）运用任务型的教学方法，为学生自己学习提供平台 二．教学基本要求 本教材注重把语言技能的训练与专业知识有机结合起来。习题中有些问题属于开放式的，要求学生理论联系实际，认真独立的思考问题、深入探究问题、最终解决问题。在这一过程中学生的表达能力同时得以锻炼。 三、教学内容及要求 Unit 1 Text Advertising Supplementary Reading Sales Promotion （一）教学目的和要求 1.了解广告的定义，目的及未来的发展 2.要求学生提前预习课文，划分段落，并找出中心思想 （二）教学内容 1.广告的背景 2.广告的分类 3广告的用途 4．被动语态的用法 （三）重点 1.广告的用途 2.语法及课后练习题
3.商务英语知识扩展阅读 Unit 2 Text WTO in Brief Supplementary Reading Greater Wealth of Nations （一）教学目的和要求 1.了解世界贸易组织的创立的目的、主要的功能及取得的成就 2.要求学生按照课后阅读理解的问题来预习课文 （二）教学内容 1.世界贸易组织的主要功能 2.世界贸易组织的主要目标 3.世界贸易组织的内部结构 4．情态动词的用法 （三）重点 1.世界贸易组织的基本内容 2.语法及课后练习题 3.商务英语知识扩展阅读 Unit 3 Text IMF at a Glance Supplementary Reading Gold in the IMF （一）教学目的和要求 1.了解国际货币基金组织创立的目的及主要的功能 2.要求学生提前预习课文并掌握重点段落及基本句型的翻译（二）教学内容 1.国际货币基金组织的背景知识及法令宗旨 2.国际货币基金组织与世界银行的共同点及不同点 3．引起国际收支平衡赤字的原因及解决办法 4.不定式的用法