2015学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷
高三英语试卷
考生注意：
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷和第II卷，全卷共11页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
第I卷（共103分）
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read
the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. $14. B. $40. C. $45. D.
$80.
2. A. Go sightseeing. B. Go to a singing club.
C. Ride a bike.
D. Sleep in bed.
3. A. A bus driver. B. A post office clerk.
C. A deliverer.
D. A salesperson.
4. A. Set up a museum. B. Start doing exercise.
C. Stop buying cellphones.
D. Go to the doctor.
5. A. On a bus. B. At a railway station.
C. On a plane.
D. In the field.
6. A. The man can only speak Spanish. B. The man knows
nothing about Spanish.
C. The man is reading an English book.
D. The man likes
drawing pictures.
7. A. The poor cell phone service. B. A careless woman
driver.
C. Traffic lights.
D. A traffic accident.
8. A. She plans to quit the school sports meet. B. She has been
told about the changed time.
C. The school sport meet has been put off.
D. She is
ignorant of the change of the time.
9. A. It’s right for the woman to spend the money. B. The woman
could have said it better.
C. He does feel uneasy to buy a house.
D. It’s better to
save money for a house.
10.A. The man hasn’t contacted his parents this term.
B. The man didn’t pass the exam last term.
C. The woman will send a message to his parents.
D. The exam result hasn’t been declared yet.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be
read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11.A. A musical instrument. B. A special holiday.
C. A family tradition.
D. A historical event.
12.A. On the day after Christmas. B. For the week after
Christmas.
C. Throughout the year.
D. Since the beginning of December.
13. A. It is celebrated by African Americans only.
B. It is a traditional religious holiday in Africa.
C. It is a time for people to honor black culture.
D. It was created as an alternative to Christmas.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report.
14. A. The earthquake struck at 19:54 Thursday night.
B. There was no aftershock following the earthquake.
C. The earthquake caused a low-intensity tsunami(海啸).
D. The quake center was 44 miles away from Santiago.
15. A. 3,000 houses were damaged.
B. Some boats were stuck inland.
C. At least 11 people were killed.
D. Over 1 million people got injured.
16. A. Powerful support from the government.
B. Confidence in conquering disasters.
C. Deep concern for the victims.
D. Determination to take more adventures.
Section C
Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.
Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
My business has to come before sleep
The moment I fall into bed at around , I’m dead to the world... until － ping! －it’s 3 . and I’m wide awake.
I instantly check my phone and spend the next 40 minutes in bed (25) ________ (answer) emails on my computer. By 4 ., my brain is in overdrive and there is only one thing for it: to get up and start working.
I know most people are foggy at this time, but I find the early morning to be (26) ________ period of great creativity. I get more done in those few hours than the rest of the day, (27) ________ I’m constantly interrupted.
People ask (28) ________ I find time to run a business, prepare presentations, write books, network with clients and raise a family. Well, this is the answer: by having only four-and-a-half hours of sleep.
Yes, I probably (29) ________ just about do everything if I got up at ., but it would mean working in the evening when I need to spend time with my family. I have lots of friends with the same problem. We have what we jokingly call “Insomniacs(失眠症患者) Group” on Facebook, where we chat with each other in the middle of the night. It has become a real way (30) ________ friendship, and I’d miss it if we didn’t have that time to chat.
While I’m often perfectly happy starting my day at 3 ., sometimes, (31) ________ I’m tired, I feel annoyed with myself. Why can’t I just switch off? But then I don’t want to either. There are so many things I have to do, and a 3 . start is the only way (32) ________ (achieve) everything.
(B)
The Renaissance (文艺复兴)
For many people, the Renaissance means 14th to 16th century Italy, and the developments in art and architecture, music and literature which took place there all that time. But there is one work which, perhaps more than any other, (33) ________ (express) the spirit of the Renaissance: the Mona Lisa. It is believed to be(34) ________ (good) example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used. (35) ________ (paint) by Leonardo da Vinci in the years 1503-1506, the Mona Lisa is a mysterious masterpiece. People want to know who Mona Lisa is, and why she is smiling. (36) ________ ________ people do not know much about the Renaissance, they have heard of this painting.
The Renaissance was a time of scientific invention, too. Leonardo, as well as being one of the greatest painters the world has ever known, was also a skilled inventor. Wherever he went, he carried a notebook around with him, (37) ________ ________ he wrote down his ideas. They included detailed drawings of the human body, plans for engineers to build canals and bridges, and (38) ________(astonish) drawings of machines which were not to be built until hundreds of years later, such as aeroplanes, parachutes(降落伞), submarines(潜水艇) and tanks. Towards the end of his life he (39) ________ (employ) by the King of France to do scientific research, and he did not have a lot of time for painting. In short, he was an extraordinary genius, an example of what has been described as
“Renaissance man”: someone interested in (40) ________ and with many different talents.
Section B
Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. delivery
B. alternative
C. enormously
D. floating
E.
analyzed F. process
G. determine H. visible I. messy J. disturbingly K.
patterns
Everyone knows that the Internet has
changed how business operate, governments function and people live. However, a new, less 41 technological trend is just as transformative: “big data.” Big data starts with the fact that there is a lot more information 42 around these days than ever before and it is being put to extraordinary new uses.
Consider language translation, for example. When IBM first started to
work on machine translation in the 1990s, it just fed a small number of high-quality translation into a computer and programmed it to infer which word in one language is the best 43 for another. Although this 44 revolutionized the task of translation, the result was far from being perfect. Then, in 2006, Google burst in. Instead of millions of pages of texts, the search giant 45 billions, from corporate websites to documents in every language from the European Union. The result is that its translations are much better than IBM’s were and it covers 65 languages. Large amounts of 46 data defeated small amounts of cleaner data.
Another good example of how big data can be 47 helpful is online shopping. Using data collected from customer shopping habits, today, Amazon can 48 who is most likely to purchase what and when. Details such as your history and wish list help the company gain a glimpse (一瞥) into your interests. Goods will then be dispatched to a logistics center(物流中心) near you and get packed before you even order, meaning that when you do make an online purchase, same-day 49 would be possible.
With big data, instead of trying to understand exactly why an engine breaks down or why a drug’s side effect disappears, researchers can
instead collect and analyze massive quantities of information about such events and everything that is associated with them, looking for 50 that might help predict future occurrences.
Big data answers not why but what. Finally, it will mark the moment when the “information society”finally fulfills the promise implied by its name.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Are we too slow to praise and quick to blame? It seems we are.
Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it. And yet, we are somehow 51 to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise. To make matters worse, most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of 52 .
It’s strange how chary(吝啬的) we are about praising. Perhaps it’s because few of us know how to accept compliments gracefully. 53 , we are embarrassed and shrug off(不予理睬) the words we are really so glad to hear. Because of this 54 reaction, direct compliments are surprisingly difficult to give. That is why some of the most valued pats on the back are those which come to us 55 , in a letter or passed on by a friend. When one thinks of the speed with which spiteful(恶意的) remarks are conveyed, it seems a pity that there isn’t more effort to pass 56 comments.
It’s especially rewarding to give praise in are as where effort generally goes unnoticed or 57 . An artist gets complimented for a glorious picture, a cook for a perfect meal. But do you ever tell your 58
manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right?
Praise is particularly appreciated by those doing 59 jobs: gas-station attendants, waitresses － even housewives. Do you ever go into a house and say, “What a tidy room”? Hardly anybody does.
S hakespeare said, “Our praises are our wages.” Since so often praise
is the only 60 a housewife receives, surely she of all people should
get her measure.
Teachers agree about the value of praise. One teacher writes that instead of drowning students’ co mpositions in critical red ink, the teacher will get far more 61 results by finding one or two things which have been done better than last time, and commenting 62 on them. “I believe that a student knows when he has handed in something above his u sual standard,” writes the teacher, “and that he waits hungrily for a brief comment in the margin(空白处) to show him that the teacher is aware of it, too.”
To give praise 63 the giver nothing but a moment's thought and a moment’s effort. It is such a sma ll 64 . And yet consider the results it may produce. “I can live for two months on a good compliment,” said Mark Twain. So, let’s be 65 to the small excellences around us —and comment on them. We will not only bring joy into other people’s lives, but also, very often, add happiness into our own.
51. A. guilty B. impatient C. fortunate D. reluctant
52. A. charity B. criticism C. chemical D.
command
53. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise
54. A. extreme B. immediate C. defensive D. positive
55. A. naturally B. indirectly C. similarly D. closely
56. A. pleasing B. unfair C. interesting D. objective
57. A. unchanged B. unmatched C. unmentioned D. unemployed
58. A. hotel B. personnel C. sales D. laundry
59. A. ideal B. routine C. demanding D. steady
60. A. wage B. chance C. input D. support
61. A. inevitable B. constructive C. disappointing D. concrete
62. A. frequently B. occasionally C. critically D. favorably
63. A. highlights B. provides C. costs D. signals
64. A. achievement B. challenge C. investment D. substitute
65. A. certain B. alert C. resistant D. superior
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Dad,
I’m writing to you as I feel it’s been quite a while since we last spoke (two years to be exact, you hung up on me). So how is Germany? How old are your other children now? What have you been up to this year? I finished my A-levels this summer. But enough small talk. On our European road trip in the summer, the journey took us close to your house and I asked Mum and my stepdad if we could pay a visit so that I could see you. Outside your house, I couldn’t bring myself to get out of the car and knock on the door.
I’ve tried so many different forms of communication － email, the phone and I also suggested Skype. Yet I still can’t get through to you.
My mum, stepdad and I sat around the table trying to work out why I had felt unable to knock on your door that day. At last it came to me.
I think, perhaps subconsciously, I was saving myself the grief of your response.
Why can’t your parental obligations stretch to all three of your children, not just your two recent ones? In our previous conversations,
which ended suddenly, as your older son needed to be put to bed, I’d ask you how he was doing at school, and you’d talk about the weather. No one listening would be able to tell there was any difference between our relationship and one you might have with a neighbour.
Forget your excuses – that the flight to visit me is expensive and that you need to look after your other children (I hope you can see the irony(讽刺) in that). While you watch their school plays, don’t you consider that I would have liked you to be there at mine?
Perhaps the reason I didn’t knock on your door was that I just don’t care anymore. I’m exhausted trying to make this work. Maybe a part of me wasn’t actually bothered whether I saw you or not that day—you’ve already lost so much meaning in my life; you are someone who just sends me a birthday card.
This isn’t me being bitter, although I was initially. It’s just a way of telling you how I really feel.
Phoebe
66. How did Phoebe feel when she was sitting in the car outside her father’s house?
A. Excited
B. Puzzled
C. Disappointed
D. Embarrassed
67. Based on this letter, we can learn that Phoebe’s father _____________.
A. lives in the same city with his daughter
B. got divorced and left Phoebe and her mother
C. has never had any communication with Phoebe
D. takes good care of all his children
68. What does the “irony” refer to in Paragraph 5?
A. He ended his conversation with Phoebe just to put his son to bed.
B. He lives in a big house but has no money to buy an air ticket.
C. He talked with Phoebe, his daughter, as if with a neighbour.
D. Phoebe is also his child but he excuses himself from caring about
her.
69. Phoebe didn’t knock on her father’s door that day because _____________.
A. she was afraid of his dad’s unexpected responses to her visit
B. she didn’t want to bother her father’s happy life with his current
family
C. she was tired of being the one who make efforts for their relationship
D. she suddenly realized that her father had no meaning in her life
William Kamkwamba: How I harnessed the
(B)
wind
Thomas Suarez: A 12-year-old app
developer
Amy O'Toole, Beau Lotto:
Science is for everyone, kids included
Lauren Hodge, Shree Bose, Naomi Shah：
Award-winning teenage science in action
70. The underlined word “harnessed” probably means __________.
A. used
B. stopped
C. chased
D. produced
71. According to the passage, Thomas Suarez ___________.
A. made big money by developing games
B. learned to develop apps
by himself
C. spent all his time on computer games
D. taught adults to
develop video games
72. Danny, a 16-year-old boy who is working on a science project and
planning to participate in an online competition. Which of the following will he most probably watch?
A. How I harnessed the wind
B. A 12-year-old App Developer
C. Science for Everyone, Kids Included
D. Award-winning Teenage Science in Action
73. All these TED videos aim to ___________.
A. analyze the different ways to success
B. promote the latest
scientific inventions
C. introduce the famous teenage speakers
D. encourage passion
for science and creativity
(C)
Writer and journalist Cristina Odone aroused widespread anger by suggesting that her daughter was being pressured to take science for graduation exams and this was unreasonable for a child with a literary bent. She even claimed that “… this focus on STEM [Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics] subjects sends a message that makes her and me uncomfortable: doing a man’s work is more impressive than doing a woman’s.”
Like many others, I totally disagree with her position as a scientist. Taking science to age 16 should simply be seen as part of obtaining a well-rounded education. Furthermore, identifying STEM as a man’s subject leads in part to our serious lack of diversity(多样性) in the scientific workforce. Meanwhile, many male authors and poets might be surprised to learn that literature is “woman’s work”.
Novelist Lucy Ellman once wrote, “The purpose of artists is to ask the right questions, even if we don’t find the answers, whereas the aim of science is to prove some silly points.” But proving some silly points might save your life, light your home, allow you to surf the web or visit your relatives living far away. Only someone who has never considered how extensive the outputs of science are in our society could write such a “silly” sentence.
However, having said that, I am not trying to denigrate the work of the humanities. I do not see this as an either/or situation but it’s all part of being human. I admire and appreciate those who try to express things hard to be described in words, but it simply isn’t my strength. I may wholeheartedly believe that science is vital but that doesn’t mean I think the humanities (or indeed the social sciences) are not. Since science costs more to do than arts subjects, more funding should go to science. That
statement is not equal to saying that the humanities should not be properly funded. Somehow, we are constantly being put in opposition, a divide that is damaging to both scientists and non-scientists.
So why are the humanities important to me? I would say it is exactly because I am human. I sit here typing listening to a Schubert piano trio.
I have been reading EP Thompson’s The Making of the English Working Class to try to understand how our society was and is the shape it is. Scientists may be capable of dealing with the ethics(道德标准) of their work, but they cannot and should not answer the question of whether we should do this in isolation. Answering the many questions that our developing scientific capabilities throw up requires the input of researchers from many fields.
So let us enjoy our capabilities on all fronts, recognizing that we each have different strengths and weaknesses. It’s time to ban the damaging divide that sets one part of the research community against another and celebrate our humanity as well as the Humanities.
74. The writer quotes words from Cristina Odone and Lucy Ellman to show that ________.
A. doing a man’s work is more impressiv e than doing a woman’s
B. some people may have a narrow understanding of science
C. the purposes of artists and scientists are totally different
D. a well-rounded education is crucial to the diversity in society
75. By saying “I am not trying to denigrate the work of the humanities”, the writer probably means ________.
A. I am not an expert in the work of the humanities
B. I don’t think the work of the humanities important
C. I don’t want to play down the work of the humanities
D. I admire and appreciate the work of the humanities
76. Why does the writer mention listening to music and reading books in Paragraph 5?
A. To explain how extensive the outputs of science are.
B. To call on scientists to understand the society and the shape of it.
C. To prove that the humanities are important to scientists too.
D. To advise scientists to deal with the ethics of their work.
77. The purpose of this passage is to ______.
A. reveal people’s weakness in expressing complex thoughts in words
B. reject the idea that science only proves some silly points
C. illustrate that scientists have strengths and weaknesses
D. appeal to stop treating humanities and science as opposites Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Do you find yourself leading groups, or are you naturally more comfortable following others? Research published today shows that if you want to be a leader you're better off at the edges of a crowd, and not in the middle of the action.
In a series of experiments on crowd behaviour, a research team at the University of Leeds also found that successful leaders display more decisive behaviour, spending less time following others and acting more
quickly than others in the group.
Lead researcher Jolyon Faria said: “It was interesting to find that the most effective leaders remained on the edges of the group and attempted to lead from the front. You’d think leaders in the centre of the group should interact more often with others and therefore be more effective but here this wasn’t the case.”
The research team asked groups of eight students to walk around continuously in a specified area and remain as a group without speaking or gesturing to one another.
One person was asked to move towards a target, while remaining a member of the group, without letting the others know that he or she was leading them to a target. In a second set of experiments, the students were told to follow “the leader”, but not told who the leader was.
In the second set of experiments, it was found that those leaders who remained on the edge of the group were able to move their group towards a target much more quickly than the leaders that chose to remain in the centre.
“We wanted to find out how people decided who to follow” said Faria.
“We found that people were able to identify their leade r by what position the leader takes, which helps explain how animals in groups － such as birds and fish － can be led by only a small minority, even when leaders don’t signal their identity.”
“Our findings have illustrated a general principle behind group behaviour. This can also be applied to animal groups, something that could help in the management of the natural environment, as well as in the management of the urban environment.”
(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)
78. The decisive behavior successful leaders display in a group is that they ____________.
79. According to Jolyon Faria, people tend to have the wrong belief that leaders should ____________ in order to be more effective.
80. We can learn from the passage that the fish leaders may lead the whole group by ___________.
81. What does “a general principle” refer to in the last paragraph?
第II卷（共47分）
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.在别人谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。
(It)
2.新建成的美术馆将从明年初开始免费对市民开放。
(open)
3.对学生而言真正重要的是在获取知识的过程中养成良好的习惯。
(matter)
4.他在那个偏远小镇过着如此宁静的生活以至于他都不想返回家乡了。
(Such)
5.政府近来采取了一系列措施治理环境污染，这些措施在部分城市已取得初步
成效。
(achieve)
II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
学校图书馆需要购置一批新书, 现向学生征求意见。
假如你是王凯，请用英语给图书馆孙老师写一封邮件, 推荐你认为学校图书馆最需要购置的两类图书，并说明理由。
下表所列图书类别可供参考：
Computer science Philosophy and psychology Social sciences Language Popular Science
Arts and recreation Literature
History and geography
2015学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷
高三英语参考答案
第I卷
第一大题第1至第10小题，每题1分；第11至第16小题，每题2分：第17至第24小题，每题1分。
共30分。
1-5 CCDCA 6-10 BBDCB 11-13 BBC 14-16 CDB
17. 18. 20. professional
21. a(new) website 22. nothing/no money 23. the local culture
24. safety and security
听力评分标准：
1. 18题首字母小写不扣分
第二大题每小题1分。
共26分。
25. answering 26. a 27. when 28. how
29. could
30. to 31. if/when 32. to achieve33. expresses
34. the best
35. Painted 36. Even if/though which 38. astonishing
39. was employed
41. H 42. D 43. B 44. F 45. E 46. I 47. C 48. G 49. A 50. K
第三大题第51至65小题，每题1分；第66至76小题，每题2分；第78至81小题，每题2分。
共47分。
51. D 52. B 60. A
61. B 62. D
78. spend less time following others and act more quickly
79. stay in the center of the group and interact more with others
80. remaining on the edges of the group
81. People can identify their leader by the position he takes.
简答题评分标准：
1. 内容正确，语法基本正确，得2分。
2. 内容基本正确，语法正确或虽有错误，但不影响理解，得1分。
3. 即使语法正确，但是内容错误，得0分。
4. 答案超过规定字数过多，得0分。
第II卷
I．翻译
第1-3题，每题4分，第4-5题，每题5分。
共22分。
参考答案（仅供阅卷老师参考）
1.It is impolite to break in/strike in/interrupt when other people are
having a conversation.
2.The newly-built art museum /gallery will be open to citizens for free/
free of charge from the beginning of next year.
3.What really matters for students is that they/ to form good habits in
the course of/while gaining knowledge.
4.Such a peaceful life was/is he leading in that remote town that he didn’
t/doesn’t even want to return to his hometown.
5. The government has taken a series of measures to deal with/curb/manage environmental pollution/bring the environmental pollution under control lately/recently, and these measures have achieved initial effects in some cities.
?。
