考研英语真题 2011年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as ―a bodily exercise precious to health.‖ But 1 some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does 2 short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, 3 heart rate and oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to 4 , a good laugh is unlikely to have 5 benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. 6 , instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the 7. Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter8 muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help 9 the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of 10 feedback that improve an individual’s emotional state. 11 one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted 12 physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry 13 they are sad but that they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also 14 tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow 15 muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to 16 a pen either with their teeth – thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n) 17 expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles 18 more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, 19 that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around. 20 , the physical act of laughter could improve mood. 1.[A] among [B] except [C] despite [D] like 2.[A] reflect [B] demand [C] indicate [D] produce 3.[A] stabilizing [B] boosting [C] impairing [D] determining 4.[A]transmit [B] sustain [C] evaluate [D] observe 5.[A] measurable[B] manageable [C] affordable [D] renewable 6.[A]In turn [B] In fact [C] In addition [D] In brief 7.[A] opposite [B] impossible [C] average [D] expected 8.[A] hardens [B] weakens [C] tightens [D] relaxes 9.[A] aggravate [B] generate [C] moderate [D] enhance 10.[A] physical [B] mental [C] subconscious [D] internal
2011年考研英语二小作文真题： suppose your cousin LI MING has just been admited to a university write him/her a letter to: (1)Congratulate him/her,and (2)give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life you should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. DO not sign your own name at the end of the letter,Use "zhangwe 2011年考研英语二小作文范文： Dear friend, I am writing to congratulate you on your being successfully admitted to Harvard University, which enjoys an international reputation for its academic excellence and give you some suggestions as to how to make preparation for the coming college life. In order for you to adapt yourself to the university life, you are advised to get prepared physically and intellectually. First and foremost, you need to build a strong body for the future academic pursuit, so you can take some exercises during the breaks. Secondly, since the study in university is more demanding than in your secondary school, you are highly suggested to find some introductory books from the library so as to have a good idea of the specialty you are going to take in your college life. Given your sound ability, you are sure to have a successful college life. Congratulate you again and wish you a fruitful college life. Sincerely yours, Zhang Wei
2011年考研英语(二)考试真题及参考答案完型填空试题： "The Internet affords anonymity to its users—a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cybercrime that has1across the Web. Can privacy be preserved2bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly3? Last month,Howard Schmidt,the nation’s cyberczar,offered the Obama government a 4to make the Web a safer place—a“voluntary identify”system that would be the high-tech 5of a physical key,fingerprint and a photo ID card,all rolled6one.The system might use a smart identity card,or a digital credential7to a specific computer,and would authenticate users at a range of online services. The idea is to8a federation of private online identify https://www.doczj.com/doc/e32061952.html,ers could9which system to join,and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems.The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license10by the government. Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on”systems that make it possible for users to11just once but use many different services. 12,the approach would create a“walled garden”in safe“neighborhoods”and bright “streetlights”to establish a sense of community. Mr.Schmidt described it as a“voluntary ecosystem”in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with14,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs15.'" Still,the administration’s plan has16privacy rights activists.Some applaud the approach;others are concerned.It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would17be a license”mentality.
2011考研英语真题及答案(免费下载) D
stress.Anyway,the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ______feedback,that improve an individual’s emotional state. ______one classical theory of emotion,our feelings are partially rooted _______ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ______they are sad but they become sad when te tears begin to flow. Although sadness also _______ tears,evidence suggests that emotions can flow _____ muscular responses.In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz. 1．[A]among [B]except [C]despite [D]like 2．[A]reflect [B]demand [C]indicate [D]produce 3．[A]stabilizing [B]boosting [C]impairing [D]determining 4．[A]transmit [B]sustain [C]evaluate [D]observe 5．[A]measurable [B]manageable [C]affordable [D]renewable 6．[A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In addition [D]In brief
2011年考研英语(一)真题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered b lank and mark[A],[B],[C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as“a bodily exerci se precious to health.”But_____some claims to the contrary,laughing probably has little influence on physical filness Laughter does_____short-t erm changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels,____heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to__ __,a good laugh is unlikely to have_____benefits the way,say,walking or jogging does. ____,instead of straining muscles to build them,as exercise does,la ughter apparently accomplishes the____,studies dating back to the1930’s indicate that laughter.muscles, Such bodily reaction might conceivably help____the effects of psycholo gical stress.Anyway,the act of laughing probably does produce other types of______feedback,that improve an individual’s emotional state.______on e classical theory of emotion,our feelings are partially rooted_______phy sical reactions.It was argued at the end of the19th century that humans do not cry______they are sad but they become sad when te tears begin to flow. Although sadness also_______tears,evidence suggests that emotions can flow_____muscular responses.In an experiment published in1988,s ocial psychologist Fritz. 1．[A]among[B]except[C]despite[D]like 2．[A]reflect[B]demand[C]indicate[D]produce 3．[A]stabilizing[B]boosting[C]impairing[D]determining 4．[A]transmit[B]sustain[C]evaluate[D]observe 5．[A]measurable[B]manageable[C]affordable[D]renewable 6．[A]In turn[B]In fact[C]In addition[D]In brief 7．[A]opposite[B]impossible[C]average[D]expected 8．[A]hardens[B]weakens[C]tightens[D]relaxes 9．[A]aggravate[B]generate[C]moderate[D]enhance 10．[A]physical[B]mental[C]subconscious[D]internal 11．[A]Except for[B]According to[C]Due to[D]As for 12．[A]with[B]on[C]in[D]at 13．[A]unless[B]until[C]if[D]because
2011年考研英语(二)真题及参考答案 Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The Internet affords anonymity to its users，a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber-crime that has 1 across the Web. Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ？ Last month，Howard Schmidt，the nation's cyber-czar，offered the federal government a 4 to make the Web a safer place-a "voluntary trusted identity" system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key，a fingerprint and a photo ID card，all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card，or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer .and would authenticate users at a range of online services. The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identity systems. User could 9 which system to join，and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver's license 10 by the government. Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have these"single sign-on" systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services. 12 .the approach would create a "walled garden" n cyberspace，with safe "neighborhoods" and bright "streetlights" to establish a sense of a 13 community. Mr. Schmidt described it as a "voluntary ecosystem" in which "individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ，trusting the identities of each other and the identities of the infrastructure 15 which the transaction runs". Still，the administration's plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach；others are concerned. It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would 17 be a compulsory Internet "drive's license" mentality. The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some computer security experts，who worry that the "voluntary ecosystem" envisioned by Mr. Schmidt would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that all Internet users should be 20 to register and identify themselves，in the same way that drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads. 1． A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden 2． A.for B.within C.while D.though
2011年研究生入学考试英语二真题 Section I Use of English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) "The Internet affords anonymity to its users — a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cybercrime that has 1 across the Web. Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ? Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyberczar, offered the Obama government a 4 to make the Web a safer place —a “voluntary identify” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services. The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identify systems. Users could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government. Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on” systems t hat make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services. 12, the approach would create a “walled garden” in safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of13 community. Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs 15 .'" Still, the administration’s plan has16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would 17 be a license” mentality. The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” would still leav e much of the Internet 19 .They argue that should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads. 1． A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden 2． A.for B.within C.while D.though 3． A.careless https://www.doczj.com/doc/e32061952.html,wless C.pointless D.helpless 4． A.reason B.reminder https://www.doczj.com/doc/e32061952.html,promise D.proposal 5． https://www.doczj.com/doc/e32061952.html,rmation B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent 6． A.by B.into C.from D.over
2011年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points) 1.[A]among[B]except[C]despite[D]like 2.[A]reflect[B]demand[C]indicate[D]produce 3.[A]stabilizing[B]boosting[C]impairing[D]determining 4.[A]transmit[B]sustain[C]evaluate[D]observe 5.[A]measurable[B]manageable[C]affordable[D]renewable 6.[A]In turn[B]In fact[C]In addition[D]In brief 7.[A]opposite[B]impossible[C]average[D]expected 8.[A]hardens[B]weakens[C]tightens[D]relaxes 9.[A]aggravate[B]generate[C]moderate[D]enhance 10.[A]physical[B]mental[C]subconscious[D]internal
11.[A]Except for[B]According to[C]Due to[D]As for 12.[A]with[B]on[C]in[D]at 13.[A]unless[B]until[C]if[D]because 14.[A]exhausts[B]follows[C]precedes[D]suppresses 15.[A]into[B]from[C]towards[D]beyond 16.[A]fetch[B]bite[C]pick[D]hold 17.[A]disappointed[B]excited[C]joyful[D]indifferent 18.[A]adapted[B]catered[C]turned[D]reacted 19.[A]suggesting[B]requiring[C]mentioning[D]supposing 20.[A]Eventually[B]Consequently[C]Similarly[D]Conversely Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points) Text1 The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in2009.For the most part,the response has been favorable,to say the least.“Hooray!At last!”wrote Anthony Tommasini,a sober-sided classical-music critic. One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise,however,is that Gilbert is comparatively little known.Even Tommasini,who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times,calls him“an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez,that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise. For my part,I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one.To be sure,he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions,but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall,or anywhere else,to hear interesting orchestral music.All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf,or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes. Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point.For the time,attention,and money of the art-loving public,classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses,dance troupes,theater companies,and museums,but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the20th century.These recordings are cheap,available everywhere,and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances;moreover,they can be“consumed”at a time and place of the listener’s choosing.The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.
2011年考研英语一试题及参考答案 SectionⅠ Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily ex ercise precious to health.” But _____some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical filness Laughter does _____short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ____ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to ____, a good laugh is unlikely to have _____ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. ____, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the ____, studies dati ng back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter. muscles, Such bodily reaction might conceivably help____the effects of psychological stress.Anyway,the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ______feedback,that improve an individual’s emotional state. ______one classical theory of emotion,our feelings are partially rooted _______ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry ______they are sad but they become sad when te tears begin to flow. Although sadness also _______ tears,evidence suggests that emotions can flow _____ muscular responses.In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz. 1. [A] among [B] except [C]despite [D] like 2. [A] reflect [B]demend [C]indicate [D]produce 3. [A] stabilizing [B] boosting [C] impairing [D] determining 4. [A] transmit [B]sustain [C] evaluate [D] observe 5. [A] measurable [B]manageable [C]affordable [D]renewable
2011考寻兵溢直至 Section 1 Use ofEngish Directions： Re ad the folownng text Choose rhe best word，' $) fa eadi numbered blank tmrk :A]. [B] |C] cr [D] on ANSAXTR SHEET1. ClOpows：- Anaent Greek philos)pher AnsoCe \iewtd iautfter asPbaEy exercise pr^acus to heath But _1 sane clasns ? caitrans laugta^ probatty tas lite influence on physical ￡ue$s Laugher does _2 _____ shcrbiermcha^e $ in the funcxn M tte heart and its blood wssels. ___________ 3_ Iran rate andoxv^cn consunpticn But because hard laugher is difficilt to __4_, a good lavgh widely to have _5 __________________ benefits aie way, say, walicng orjegging (Joes. _6_. inwdef ttrahinc nvseks to build them, itexerate doe& la空fg ipparenCy ac^crrptehes the _ 7_?smdie? daring ba de to rhe lQ3O s ndirate that laughrer_ 8__ nusdes. 湖tdre fa to 45 nimHM after the faugh dewn Sudi txxhls leaaioiinii^ii conceivabh trip _9_ (he effects of psvetofogieal stress. Anyway, the aciofUi^lw^ proVatb (ixspioiuce vdri upesof _______________ 10 __ feedback? ihaiiinpovr an ndiudual* s eniQUoxial star. _ 11 _____ oar classical ilx ocj of emo son , wi fetkigs aic pai nil) iwtcd 12 P A，LQ U K，C B LS II irgued aithc cad of de 19th ccatun ihit Iwuaa: w not ay 13 axe sadtwehey become sadwUndr teaxsVegu IQ flow. Although sadne^ iko ______ 14 __ tern. e\ 诙ire ag^ste tbit emoboas canfow_15_ mut^utar re^otiws In anexp^rirwit puHhhed in 19S8, toral pn^tologisr Fritr Strack rfAe Unwrsity of w^irzburg m Gemiany asked vo：wteers to _16 __________________ a prn either wth their teeti thMeH cr^anng an am final 5fnle 一or Mth their 邱s? which would produce a
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