五．虚拟语气练习答案
1-10 DCBAB; CABBC 11-20 CCCAC; DADAC
21-30 ABDCB; BCCBB 31-40 CACDB; CCDAC
六．强调句与倒装句练习答案
1-10 BBDDA; DDBBA 11-20 BCCDC; CCDCD
21-30 CBAAA; ACBAD 31-40A ACAA; BABCB
十二。阅读理解答案：
Passage 1 DAABD Passage 2 CCDAD Passage 3 BCAAC Passage 4 DCABB Passage 5 CABDB Passage 6 CBABD Passage 7 ABDCB Passage 8 CDBAB Passage 9 BCBCC Passage 10 CABDD Passage 11 BDCBA Passage 12 DCABD Passage 13 DDCBC Passage 14 CCBBD Passage 15 DCBAA Passage 16 BACAD Passage 17 BDBAC Passage 18 DCABB Passage 19 ACBDD Passage 20 ADBDC Passage 21 BDADC Passage 22 BADCA Passage 23 CBBAC Passage 24 CCDCA Passage 25 DADCA Passage 26 CBCAD Passage 27 CADBA Passage 28 CADAB Passage 29 BCCDA Passage 30 ABCAD Passage 31 ACBDA Passage 32 DBBAC 十三。完形填空答案
Cloze 1：
1-5 BDCCB 6-10 ADACB 11-15 DACBD 16-20 ACBCD Cloze 2：
1-5 ACDAB 6-10 CDCBD 11-15 CAADB 16-20 CBDAC
Cloze 3：
1-5 CABCD 6-10 BCCBD 11-15 BADBA 16-20 ABCAD Cloze 4：
1-5 ADABD 6-10 CCABD 11-15 ACDCB 16-20 ADBCA Cloze 5 ：
1-5 ADCBD 6-10 ABCAB 11-15 DACCA 16-20 BDBAC Cloze 6：
1-5 CABBA 6-10 CDCDC 11-15 DDBBA 16-20 DCBAC Cloze7 ：
1-5 DACBA 6-10 CDBAC 11-15 BADCB 16-20 ACBDD Cloze 8
1-5 CBDBA 6-10 CADBC 11-15 DBCAD 16-20 BACCA Cloze 9 ：
1-5 BDBCD 6-10 DBABD 11-15 AABAD 16-20 CBACC Cloze 10 ：
1-5 BDCDC 6-10 BADAA 11-15 BDBCD 16-20 BDDCC Cloze 11 ：
1-5 BDCAC 6-10 BDCCB 11-15 ADBCD 16-20 BCBDB Cloze 12：
1-5 ADBBC 6-10 DCCBA 11-15 DACDA 16-20 DBBCA Cloze 13：
1-5. ABBDA https://www.doczj.com/doc/e318247042.html,DBB 11-15 ABDCD 16-20.DCCAB Cloze 14 ：
1-5 ABDCA 6-10 CCBBA 11-15 CADDD 16-20 ACBCD cloze 15 ：
1-5 ACABD 6-10 CBACD 11-15 CADDD 16-20 DBDCB Cloze 16
1-5 CCADA 6-10 AADBA 11-15 BBCAA 16-20 ADADB Cloze 17:
1-5 CBABB 6-10 CDBDA 11-15 CBCDB 16-20 BACBD
Cloze 18：
1-5 BBCAA 6-10 CDBAB 11-15 ABCDB 16-20 AACDB
Cloze 19：
1-5 ABDCC 6-10 DBABC 11-15 DADBB 16-20 CADAC
Cloze20：
1-5 DCBBA 6-10 CACBC 11-15 DABAC 16-20 BDADA
十四。英译汉专项练习参考译文
GROUP 1
3.工程学生应该是实践性理性的模范，但谈到我的大学教育，我就是一个空想家和白痴。
4.英格兰南海白色悬崖峭壁的腐蚀一直是个问题，不过最近几年变得更为严重了。
5.当然，也有许多产品的标签说明恰如其分，但是，很明显，要确保购物者能从标签上充
分了解到其购买的产品给环境带来的影响，还有很长的一段路要走。
6.研究者记录下了大约2000种声称有环保作用的产品标签说明，发现其中的许多说法十分
模糊，具有欺骗性，无法达到国际标准化组织（ISO）的标准。
7.还是在早期阶段，福利改革在许多州都被判定为很大的成功，至少在使人民脱离福利方
面是这样的。
GROUP 2
2.在到达安哥拉的数小时里，全世界的电视屏幕都满是她安抚地雷爆炸受伤者时的形象。
3.让政府的处境更糟精的是，媒体很快批露出王妃此次出行是得到了政府外交部同意的，
事实上，关于杀伤性地雷，她对政府的方针政策，对安哥拉的形势都很清楚。
4.对王妃来说，去这个被战争分裂的国家旅行是利用她的影响，来向世界展示地雷给人们
造成的伤害与痛苦的极好的机会。
5.对旧时狩猎生活至关重要的智力也得以提高，并派上了新的用场-驯养猎物。
6.这种新的活动涉及到古代狩猎的所有步骤，只不过活动的目的不再是为了充饥果腹，而
是为了校验运动员们捕杀猎物的技能-这些猎物对他们的生存也不再必不可少。GROUP 3
3.据佛德集团和沃顿学校一项联合调查，商场经理们往往是最后一个听到顾客抱怨的人，
而且往往是当他们的顾客决定惠顾他们的竞争对手之后。
4.零售商可以重新设计商场的布局，预存销售的商品，雇佣速度快、有经验的结算员，或
者随时提供销售代表解答问题，以减轻这些头痛的问题。
5.全球变暖是否会成为21世纪重大环境危机？也许会，也许不会。然而，不论是与否，我
们对全球变暖都将有甚少作为。
6.但真实情况是，我们的知识不足以缓解全球变暖，如果没有重大的技术突破，我们能做
的实在不多。
7.只有锐意进取的研究和开发项目才有可能找到办法打破或应对我们对石化燃料的依赖。GROUP 4
2.心理学者告诉我们保持界限（距离）有益；在不同阶段、恰当时间让我们的朋友、家庭
和爱人了解自己很重要。
3.隐私经济学者亚历山德罗阿奎兹用一系列的测试揭示出：人们往往会为了小小的50美分
优惠券而将自己的个人信息，如社会安全码（SSN）和盘托出。
4.一个开始一年级生活而忐忑不安的小天使的故事就这样很快被我“引导”成了一个充满
想象力的一年级女生开始她第一节音乐课的故事。
5.由于我对能够使用工具的农场或上一年级的小天使知之甚少，我不得不承认这样的事
实：我在借用女儿的经验。
6.虽然退后一步对我来说很困难，但这无疑是很好的一步，我还将继续退后足够远，让女
儿有成长的空间；同时又足够近，在女儿需要的时候给予帮助。
十五.汉译英专项练习参考译文：
GROUP 1
1. He walked down the hill, singing softly to himself.
2. For one thing, these shoes don’t suit you. For another, they are too expensive.
3. If you had worked hard, you would have passed the exam.
4. It’s none of your busines s whom is Mary engaged to.
5. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble (in) finding the/his way to the History Museum.
GROUP 2
The professor required that we (should) hand in our research reports by Wednesday.
2. The more you explain, the more confused I am.
3. Though a skilled worker, he was fired by his company last week because of economic crisis.
4. Since my childhood I have found that nothing is more attractive to me than reading.
5. It is not easy to adapt oneself to the life/living in different cultures.
GROUP 3
1. The finding of this study failed to take people’s sleep quality/quality of sleep into
account/consideration.
2. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is a field in which we can work together / a field in which we can cooperate.
3. Because of the leg injury, the athlete decided to quit the match.
4. Not having heard from his parents for a long time, he was very worried about them.
5. Generally speaking, people like to hear compliments from others.
GROUP 4
1. To get more information, please contact us at the following address.
2. I did not expect to receive such a pretty card from him.
3. I’m sick and tired of the same old routine every day.
4. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning at your convenience/if it is convenient for you.
5. It took me years of hard work to speak good English.
GROUP 5
1. It is high time we stopped talking about this silly question.
2. It didn’t take long before he got used to life abroad.
3. It is said that the young artist will come to our city soon.
4. It was not until yesterday that I got/ received your letter.
5. It would be wonderful if we can get together on Christmas.
GROUP 6
1. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.
2. I will go fishing instead of having lessons.
3. Thanks to the practice of reform and opening policy, the life of Chinese people has greatly improved.
4. On no account/ By no means/ In no case can we ignore the value of knowledge.
5. Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds, th ey decided to pay for his education.
GROUP 7
1. There is no doubt that the thief jumped into the room from the balcony in the second floor.
2. In my opinion, playing video games not only wastes time but also does harm to health.
3. We have reasons to believe that we would have a better and brighter future.
4. According to a recent survey, four million people die of diseases linked to smoking each year.
5. I suppose boys think differently from girls.
GROUP 8
1. But for mobile phone, our communication would not have been so efficient and convenient.
2. If you had followed my advice/suggestions, you would not have been in trouble.
3. I wish you would go with us tomorrow.
4. If only I could speak several foreign languages.
5. He insisted that a seat should be booked in advance.
GROUP 9
1. They did their best to help the sick and the wounded.
2. With the development of industries and businesses developing quickly, the number of trees in many big cities has dramatically reduced.
3. It is well known that natural light is actually made of many colors.
4. I prefer shopping on line to shopping in a department store because the former / shopping online
is more convenient and effective (time-saving) (can save more time).
5. To our delight, she adapted (herself) to campus life a month after entering college.
GROUP 10
1. He complained that no sooner had he started the machine than it stopped working.
2. I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party.
3. It is necessary for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test.
4. This is the first time that I heard “Happy Birthday to you” sung in Italian.
5. He introduced me to his students, most of whom are English majors.
倒装共分两类：全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是指将全部谓语动词都放在主语之前。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词,系动词或情态动词放在主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其放在主语之前。 A全部倒装：把全部谓语放在主语前。 1there be句型(特殊的全部倒装句型) There are bloody contents, violence and pornography in the Internet. 2 there \ here \ now \ then放在句首时，句子进行全部倒装。 Now is the time to take action. 3方位状语开头时，句子进行全部倒装。 In books are embalmed the greatest thoughts of all ages. 4主语与表语互换位置(当主语过长而表语过短时，可以把主语与表语互换位置从而构成全部倒装) Well-known is that energy crisis poses a threat to the society. 5伴随状语开头(With或Along with放在句首时，句子应该全部倒装) With globalization have come many problems. B部分倒装：只将情态动词、助动词或系动词放在主语前 1 only +单词、词组、状语从句位于句首，句子进行部分倒装。 Only through education can we rise in the world. 2以否定意义状语开头，句子进行部分倒装。 Never has this topic failed to fascinate people. 3 neither nor开头，句子进行部分倒装。 Economic success is not the only factor in achieving happiness, neither is social status. 4 so开头，句子进行部分倒装。 Success teaches us something about ourselves. So does failure.
2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧 专题（八）强调倒装虚拟句型+丰富文章细节的手段 特殊句型是英语书面表达中的高级句式，其中强调句和倒装句是较为常见的特殊句型。而虚拟语气也是高中较难掌握的句型之一。它们的准确使用能够彰显考生的英语水平，提高写作档次。 一．重点突出的强调句型 （一）强调句的基本句式结构为：It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。它可以强调除谓语动词外的其它任何成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。在续写和概写中灵活运用强调句不仅能突出重点、增强表达，更能彰显考生的英语运用能力。 It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness, delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years. (2019年浙江高考书面表达) 在写作中运用强调句型可以采取以下步骤： 1.在一个写好的句子中找出需要强调的成分，如主语、宾语、状语等； 2.根据句子的时态确定is或was； 3.然后把要强调的成分套进句式里，It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。 例：We created a harmonious atmosphere with sincerity and faithfulness. 如果我们要强调状语，即with sincerity and faithfulness，在确定好时态was后，把需要强调的部分放在it was后，that后放除强调外的剩余成分便得到： It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere. （二）强调句常用句式 1. It is/was + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分 It is on the playground this Friday afternoon that a volleyball game will be held. (2019全国一卷书面 表达) It was because of their help that a disaster was avoided. (2017年浙江高考书面表达) 2. Is/was it + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分 Was it in the park that the children saw the strange green objects? 3.特殊疑问词+ is/was it + 被强调的部分+ 句子其它成分 When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher? 4.It is/was not until that + 句子其它成分
高考倒装句专项练习 Part One 单项选择 1._______ and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat 2.______ and the lesson began. A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came C. In came he D. came in Mr Brown 3. Over _______ , dead. A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled 4.— Where is my shirt, mum? —_________. A. There is it B. There it is C. There is D. Here is it 5. — Where is your father? —Oh, ________. A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he 6.The door opened and there ________ . A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered 7. Now ______ your turn to recite the text. A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is 8. Often _____ them not to smoke here. A. we advised B. advised me C. did we advise D. had we advised 9. ________ playing soldiers. A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the room two boys C. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was two boys 10. On the wall _______ two large portraits. A. are hanging B .Hanged C. hang D. hangs 11. _______ who was wounded in the stomach. A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldier C. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier 12. Next door to ours ________ , who is no less than eighty. A. that lives an old man B. does an old man live C. lives an old man D. where lives an old man 13.She plays the piano very well, ______. A. so every one of us does B. every one of us does C. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us 14.You say he works hard, ______, and _____. A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do you C. so does he; so do you D. so does he; so you do 15. —I thought you women were present at the meeting. —__________. A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we 16.I don’t think Jack will come today, _____. A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesn’t C. Mary will either D. or Mary does 17. She is fond of cooking, _____I . A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do 18.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with Engles C. So was Engles D. So did Engles 19.A fish needs water and without water it will die._______. A. So does a man B. So will a man C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man 20. So absorbed _______ the work that she often forgot to _____ her meals. A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have 21.So loudly ______ that every one of the class could hear him. A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke
当我们陈述了一个事实，而又不是很有把握，就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句，称为反意疑问句。首先看以下例句：（1） You like calssical music, don't you? 你也喜欢古典音乐，对吗？(2 He lived in Vienna, too,didn't he? 他也住在维也纳，对吗？（3）Your parents can swim, can't they? 你父母会游泳，是吗？（4） Tony doesn't like classical music,does he? 托尼不喜欢古典音乐，对吗？（5） This music isn't very popular, is it? 这音乐并非十分流行，对吗？从以上句子可以看出，反意疑问句是由“助动词/ 系动词be（肯定或否定）+主语（代词）” 构成的。在反意疑问句的构成中要注意以下几点： 1.前面当陈述句如果是肯定的，反意疑问句就要用否定形式，如（1）、（2）、（3）；前面的陈述句如果是否定的，反意疑问句就要用肯定形式，如（4）、（5）； 2.反意疑问句的主语必须是代替前面主语的代词； 3.翻译疑问句的谓语动词在时态和人称上要与前面陈述句谓语动词保持一致。陈述句部分如果有标识否定意义的词，反意疑问句要用肯定式。如：They have never visited his home, have they? 他们从来没有到他家玩过，是吧？在回答反意疑问句时，要特别注意英、汉两种语言习惯的差别。试看下面当例句：——Mr Smith isn't American, is he? 史密斯先生不是美国人，对吧？——Oh yes, he is.不对，他是美国人。可以看出，在英语中，无论问题是怎样问的，只要答语的事实是肯定句，就要用YES；只要答语的事实是否定的，就要用NO. 编辑本段英语18种特殊的反意疑问句介绍 1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如：Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板，好吗？Let引导的祈使句有两种情况：1Let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如：Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧，好吗？还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。2Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如： Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试，行吗？ 2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如：What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊，是吧？ 3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形
文言文中的倒装句式 请牢记以下汉语句子结构图: (定)主+(状)谓+（定）宾 (补) 这是讲述一切语法知识的根本！ 一、定语后置 我们知道，定语(形容词或形容词性短语)是用来限制或修饰中心词(名词或名词性短语)的，一般放在中心词的前面。这是古今汉语的共同规律。但在古汉语里，有时为了强调和突出定语，把它放到中心词的后面，这种语法现象就称为定语后置。 形式变为:主(定)+谓+宾或者：主+谓+宾(定) 定语后置一般有标志性的词语。所以，我们可以根据这些特点把它归结为四种常见的形式： 1．中心词+之+后置定语 例如：①(古)蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强。(《劝学》) (今)蚯蚓没有锋利的爪牙，强健的筋骨。 ②(古)居庙堂之高则忧其民，处江湖之远则忧其君。(《岳阳楼记》) (今)处在高高的庙堂上，就为他的人民忧虑，处在僻远的江湖间，就替他的君主担忧。 分析： ①②句中的中心词分别是“爪牙”、“筋骨”、“庙堂”、“江湖”，后置定语分别是“利”、“强”、“高”、“远”，四个“之”是定语后置句的标志，无实在意义。 2．中心词+之(而)+后置定语+者 例如： ③(古)马之千里者，一食或尽粟一石。(《马说》)
(今)能日行千里的马，吃一顿有时要吃一担粮食。 ④(古)此四者，天下之穷民而无告者。(《孟子"梁惠王下》) (今)这四种人，是天下无依无靠的走投无路的老百姓。 ⑤石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也。 分析： ③④句中的中心词分别是“马”、“穷民”，后置定语分别是“千里”、“无告”，标志性的词语分别是“之……者”、“而……者”，其中的“者”相当现代汉语中联系定语和中心词的结构助词“的”。 3．中心词+后置定语+者 例如： ⑥(古)村中少年好事者，驯养一虫。(《促织》) (今)村里好事的少年，养了一只蟋蟀。 ⑦太子及宾客知其事者，皆白衣冠送之。 分析： ⑥句中的中心词是“少年”，后置定语是“好事”，“者”是标志性词语。 4．中心词+数量词： 例如： ⑧(古)尝贻余核舟一。(《核舟记》) (今) (他)曾经送给我一只用桃核雕刻的小船。 ⑨为人五，为窗八，……为字三十有四 分析： ⑧句中的“一”作“核舟”的定语。 另外，辨识定语后置要注意两点：一是表示领属性的定语(如“永州之野产异蛇”)不能后置，只有一般用来表示人或事物的性质、状态、时间、处所、数量等修饰性定语才能后置。二是要注意把定语后置和某些表面上相类似的语言形式区别开来。例如： ⑨村中少年好事 (定语+主语+谓语+宾语) ⑩村中少年之好事者 (定语后置) ⑾村中少年之好事 (主语与谓语之间加了一个结构助词“之”，取消句子的独立性) 小结：
倒装句练习 1. So fast_______ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. A. light travel B. does light travel C. travels light D. has light travelled 2.That scientist isn’t too happy with the project, and______________. A. so are her supervisors B. either are her supervisors C. neither are her supervisors D. so her supervisors are 3.______ the door than somebody started knocking on it. A. I had closed no sooner B. I had no sooner closed C. No sooner have I closed D. No sooner I closed 4.Is this beautiful? Yes, it is. ________. A. Rarely before have I seen this B. Rarely I have seen this before
C. Rarely have I seen before this D. Rarely have I seen this before 5._____but he also proved himself a good athlete. A. He showed himself not only a good student B. Not only did he show himself a good student C. He showed not only himself a good student D. Not only he showed himself a good student 6.Nowhere else along the coast____ such shallow water so far from land. A. is there B. there is C. it is D. is 7._____did we try to persuade her to give up her plan. A. In failure B. With no result C. In vain D. With no end 8.______I couldn’t lift the box. A. As I might try
虚拟语气(一) 一、考点聚焦 1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 If I were a boy, I would join the army. If she had time, she should go with you. If h e had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. If i t were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America 如果我是你，我就会努力学习 If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了 If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him. 如果明天下雨的话，我们会取消比赛． If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match.
使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点： １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 如果你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了． If they had worked hard, they would be very tired now.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在) ２．省略句 在条件句中，可省略if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式．If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Were I a boy, I would join the army. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain. 2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句 （1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。 ①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。 表现在过去时 表过去过去完成时 表将来would, might, could＋动词原形 I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird. I wish (that) I were a bird. I wish (that) I had seen the film last night. I wish (that) I would\could go.
倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装。 I、倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1 ）表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语放在句首，如：here, there, now, the n, up, dow n, in, away, of, in the room, on the wall 等 例如：Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。Here is your letter. 你的信。 South of the river lies a small factory. Out rushed the childre n. Ahead sat an old woma n. 2）such置于句首时，此时such多被认为是表语。 例如：Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 n、倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 一、only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。 例如：Only in this way can you lear n En glish well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。 例如：Only whe n he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才 卧床休息。 二、句首为否定或半否定的词语，女口no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, notun til … 等。 例如：Never have I see n such a performa nee. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find the an swer to this questi on. 无论女口何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.
虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法 先看一道高考题： ____ more attention，the trees could have grown better． A．Given B．To give C．Giving D．Having given （答案是A） 句中"．．．the trees could have grown better"是一个表达虚拟语气的句子。题中要求选择的是如何表达假设条件的形式。如果我们把这个句子用另一种形式"If they had been given more attentio n ，the trees could have grown better．"来表示，就不难理解了。很多情况下，在表示假设的虚拟语气中，有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式表达，而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系，或用其它形式表达出来，我们称之为"含蓄条件句"。 含蓄条件句主要通过名词、连接词、不定式、分词、动名词短语、介词短语及分句来暗示。这些表达形式在句中实际起着虚拟条件从句的作用。现分述如下： 一、介词短语 常用来表示虚拟条件的介词有with，without，in，under，but for等等，它们表示的虚拟条件都可以被if从句替换。 （1）without，with without表示否定的条件，意为if．．．not；with与without意义相反，表示肯定的条件。如：Without air，there would be no living things．（without air ＝if there were no air）没有空气，便没有生物。 With her help（＝If I had her help），I would do the experiment well．假如有她帮助，我就可以把这个实验做好。 （2）under Under the leadership of a less experienced person，the experiment would have failed．（u nder．．．＝If there had been the leadership of a less experienced person）假设在一个缺少经验的人领导下进行实验，实验准会失败。 （3）in I would have lost my head in that position．（in that position ＝if I had been in that po sition）我处在那种情况下，是会丧失理智的。 （4）but for
1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装 在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装： He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 2. “only+状语”位于句首时的倒装 当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序： Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 3. “绝不”： 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装：by no means/on no occasion/ not in the least;/ in no circumstances; On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.
无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 4.固定搭配： (1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序： He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 (2) “前倒后不倒型” ①由not only…but also引出的倒装 当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装: Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. ②表示“刚……就……的倒装结构 no sooner…than, hardly… when，scarcely… when Hardly had he started to leave when it began to rain.
语法 一、虚拟语气 Ⅰ.suggest；require； order； recommand； insist sb.suggest that …（should）do His suggestion is that… What do you think of his suggestion that 注：suggest,insist表明、暗示 He insisted that he hadn’t made a mistake. Ⅱ.wish 1)对现在的虚拟，用一般现在时 How I wish I were you ! 2)对过去虚拟，用过去完成时 How I wish I had followed your advice. 3)对将来虚拟 could+v.原形 How I wish /If only I could fly in the sky Ⅲ.It is (high)time that…should (should 不可省) It is necessary that… I would rather that… Ⅳ.隐含虚拟 But ;but for ;without ;otherwise without后一般+n. Eg:I could have come to school on time,(but I got up late).=I got up late otherwise. Ⅴ.虚拟条件句 If it didn’t rain tomorrow If it shouldn’t(只能用should) rain tomorrow. If it weren’t to rain tomorrow Were it not to rain tomorrow…/Should it not to… Were I you,… 从句都往过去推一个时态 Ⅵ.时间错纵 If she hadn’t stayed up all night studying,She would feel energetic now .
if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 一、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。 只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现， 能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气； 假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。 1. “后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即：在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是： ①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。 例：⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. ⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. ⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out. 2、注意事项： ①if条件句中如有were, should, had，可以省去if，并使用倒装语序。 ②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。 二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法： 1. If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助，我们就会陷入困境。（而事实上得到了你们的帮助） 2.If the weather were fine, I would go there. 如果天气好，我去那儿。（事实天气不好） 3.If I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话，我再读一遍。（事实上我不是你） 4.If time permitted, I would write it again. 如果时间允许的话，我再写一遍。（事实上时间不允许） 5.If it weren’t snowing, we wouldn’t stay in the house. 要是现在不下雪的话，我们就不会待在屋里。（事实上现在下雪） 6.What would I do if I were in your place?要是我处于你地位我会怎么办？（事实上我不在你的位置上） 7.If he hurried, he could catch the first bus. 他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车。（可是他不着急） 8. If I were you, I should buy it. (从句用过去式动词were，主句用动词原形buy) 9. If I had time, I would study French. (如果有时间，我会学习法文。)（从句用过去式动词had，主句用动词原形study） 10. If she knew English, she would not ask me for help. (如果她懂英文，她就不必要我帮了。)(从句用过去式动词knew, 主句用动词原形ask) 注意：如果动作在进行中，主句要用："主语+ would be + 进行式动词+ ……" 14. If they were here, he would be speaking to them now. (从句用过去式动词were, 主句用would be speaking)
中考英语倒装句讲解 为了强调或平衡句子结构，英语中常用倒装。倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did等,并将其置于主语之前。现将倒装句分类讲解如下： 一．完全倒装： 1.以here，there，now，then等地点或时间副词开头的句子,谓语动词是be,come,go,remain等，而主语又是名词时，用全部倒装。注意：如果句子的主语是代词时，则不倒装。如： Herecomesthebus!/Hereitcomes! 2.有些动词与副词out，in，up，down，away等构成不及物动词短语。为了使句子更生动，常将这些副词提前到句首，这时用全部倒装。注意：句子的主语是代词时，则不倒装。如：Upwenttherocket./Upitwent. 3.将表示地点的介词短语放在句首进行强调时，使用全部倒装。谓语动词常为不及物动词。如：Fromthewindowcamethesoundofmusic. 4.当句子主语部分较长，谓语部分较短，或为了强调句子的表语时,常使用全部倒装。句子的结构为“表语+系动词+主语”。如：Gonearethedayswhenwehadnothingtoeat. 5.if虚拟条件状语从句中，如果将连词if省略，需用部分倒装。如：WereI you,Iwould gothere. 6.as引导的让步状语从句的倒装有如下几种形式： 1)从句的谓语部分为“不及物动词+副词”时，常将此副词提前到从句句首。如： Hardasyoutry,youwillnotsucceed. 2)从句的谓语部分为“情态动词+不及物动词”时，常将此动词提前到从句句首。如：Waitasyoumay,hewillnotseeyou. 3)从句的谓语部分是“系动词+形容词”时，常将此表语形容词提前到从句句首。如：Proudasthenoblesare,theyareafraidtoseeme. 4)从句的谓语部分是“系动词+单数名词”时，则常将这个表语提前，但要省略名词前的不定冠词。如：Childasheis,hecantellrightfromwrong. 二．半倒装： 1.具有(半)否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，用部分倒装。如： seldom,rarely,not,never,bynomeans,innotime,hardly...when,nosooner...than,notonly...butalso 等。 E.g:Notonlydoeshedowellinhislessons,butalsoheoftenhelpsotherswiththeirlessons.
句型一：倒装句型 完成句子： 1. __________________（任何别处你不可能看到）so many grand bridges as in Wuhan. ( nowhere) 2. Luckily, the accident didn’t cause any death,______________________ （也没有造成）any injuries. （nor） 3. Hardly ________________________（我刚启程出发）it began to rain. (set ) 4. Never ____________________（他们彼此吵架）, though they have been married for twenty years. (quarrel) 5. By no means ______________（我们应该脱离）from the people. (separate) 6. So ___________________________（他如此沉醉于）in the novel that he di dn’t notice my
coming. (absorb) 7. _________________(尽管是个孩子)，he knows a lot about the world.(as) 8.No sooner ___________________(她刚回到厨房)than she found it full of smoke.(get) 9. _______________________（尽管她很富有）, she is not happy. (as) 10. Little_______________(他关心)his safety, though he was in great danger himself.（care） 11. Not only ___ __ （城市被污染）but the street were crowded. (polluted) 12. Be quick! Here ____________________(公交车来了).(come) 13.Not only __________________(他在一所重点中学教书)but also he worked as a badminton coach at a training center. 14.On top of the mountain _____________________(有一座古老的庙宇), which attracts a lot of visitors. (stand) 15. Only by changing the way we live _________________(我们才能拯救地球). (save) 16. Had _________________(如果我多懂点急救知识), I would have helped him.（know） 17. Such _____________________that I couldn’t be absorbed in the work. (noise) 他们发出如此大的噪音以致于我不能专心致志的工作。 18..___________________________, I can't agree to his proposal. (as) 尽管我很尊敬他，但我不同意他的提议。 湖北高考真题： (12高考) 76.However ,I couldn’t read his handw riting.(try) 无论我怎么努力。还是没法看清他写的字 （12高考）74。Little what she looks like; all she cares about is her job performance .她不在乎外表，她在乎的是自己的工作表现。， （11高考）71.Not until two days after the earthquake (她发现)her mother alive.(find) （10高考）71.Only if people of all the countries are united ________（我们才能解决）the existing problems in the world.(solve) （08高考）32. Seldom ____________________(他们玩) video games ever since they entered college. (play) （07高考）39. Not only ___________________ (要帮助) the disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it. (give)