教学内容
知识点一：一般现在时
【知识梳理】
(1)一般现在时的基本结构和变化
1.一般现在时的结构
①be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。
e.g. I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
②行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加"-s"或"-es"
e.g. He gets up early in the morning.
2.否定句和疑问句的变化
①be动词的变化：
A.否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。He is not a worker.他不是工人。
B. 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 ---Are you a student? ---Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
C. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 Where is my bike?
②行为动词的变化：
A.否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。 I don't like bread. / He doesn't like bread.
B. 一般疑问句：Do ( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
---Do you often play football? --- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
--- Does she go to work by bike? --- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
C. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。How does your father go to work?
（注意回顾动词第三人称单数形式变化规则）
一般情况下在词尾加s help→helps, clean→cleans, play→plays, wear→wears, give→gives; 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词在词尾加es dress→dresses, fix→fixes, watch→watches, finish→finishes;以“辅音字母加y”结尾的动词，把y变为i，再study→studies, carry→carries, fly→flies ）
(2)一般现在时的用法
•1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为。常与always, sometimes, often, usually, never等副词连用。
e.g. I go to school every day except Saturdays and Sundays. My mother often gets up at 6 o’clock.
2.表示现在的状态，能力，性格，个性。e.g. My father teaches maths.
Lin Yan dances well.
3.表示普遍真理或客观事实。e.g. The earth moves around the sun. The sun rises in the east.
【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。如：Our physics teacher said that light travels much faster than sound. 我们的物理老师说光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快得多，在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来的动作，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时。
如：I will e-mail you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就给你发邮件。
If you come this afternoon, we will have a meeting. 如果你今天下午能来，我们就开会。
【例题精讲】
例1.——Who is that lady?
——She’s Miss Green. She ____ us music, and she is so good.
A. taught
B. teaches
C. will teach
D. is teaching
例2.——I think I’ll take a bus to the meeting.
——The bus? If you ____, you will be late.
A. do
B. have done
C. will do
例3. Unless the weather ____, we will have to cancel the picnic.
A. improve
B. improves
C. improved
D. will improve
例4.We don’t know if our friend ____. If he ____, we’ll let you know.
A. comes; comes
B. comes; will come
C. will come; comes
例5. Our geography teacher told us that the earth ____ the sun.
A. went around
B. goes around
C. is going around
D. was going around
【课堂练习】
1. Look! A dog ____ a blind man across the road.
A. leads
B. lead
C. is leading
D. led
2. They usually ____ TV in the evening.
A. watch
B. will watch
C. are watching
D. watches
3. He hardly ____ up early．
A. gets
B. get
C. doesn’t get
D. don’t get
4. John ____ football.
A. likes playing
B. likes play
C. like play
5. Frank usually ____ in touch with his primary school teachers by email.
A. keep
B. keeps
C. kept
D. will keep
知识点二：一般过去时
【知识梳理】
(1)一般过去时的基本结构和变化
1.定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。
2.结构：“主语 + 动词的过去式”
3.句型转化：
①be 动词的过去时的句型如下：
A. 否定句：主语+ be动词的过去式（was, were）+ not…
B. 疑问句：be动词的过去式（was, were）+ 主语…？
a. He was busy yesterday. (肯定句) 他昨天很忙。
b. He was not busy yesterday. (否定句) 他昨天不忙。
c. Was he busy yesterday? (疑问句) 他昨天忙吗？
d. There weren’t any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。
e.g. There weren’t any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。
Were there any boys in the room? 房间里有男孩儿吗？
②行为动词的否定式和疑问式：
A. 否定式：行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didn’t,并把这个行为动词改为动词原形。
a. I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.
→I did not / didn’t call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.
b. I borrowed a book from Sun Yang last Sunday.
B. 一般疑问式：若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式, 那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问, 然后
把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形, 并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did。
a. We stayed there for 10 days last month.
→ Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we did. / No, we didn’t.
b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening.
→ Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, we didn’t. •
(2)规则动词的变化
过去式（规则变化）一般情况下，直接在动词词
尾加-ed。
watch →watched
plant →planted 以不发音字母e结尾的动词
在词尾加-d。
like →liked
move →moved 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的
动词，先变y为i，再在词尾
加-ed。
study →studied
carry →carried
重读闭音节动词且词尾只有
一个辅音字母，先双写词尾
的辅音字母，再在词尾加-
ed。
stop →stopped
shop →shopped
过去式(be动词) （不规则变化）am / is →was are →were do →did
(3)不规则动词的过去式和过去分词
第一组AAA
1. cost—cost—cost
2. cut—cut—cut
3. hit—hit—hit
4. let—let—let
5. put—put—put
6. set—set—set
7. read—read—read
第二组ABC
1. break—broke—broken
2. choose—chose—chosen
3. speak—spoke—spoken
4. steal—stole—stolen
5. wake—woke—woken
6. forget—forgot—forgotten
7.take—took—taken 8.give—gave—given 9.hide—hid—hidden
10. drive—drove—driven 11. write—wrote—written 12. rise—rose—risen
13. ride—rode—ridden 14. eat—ate—eaten
第三组ABC
1. know—knew—known
2. grow—grew—grown
3. throw—threw—thrown
4. fly—flew—flown
5. show—showed—shown
第四组ABB
1. build—built—built
2. burn—burnt—burnt
3. mean—meant—meant
4. lend—lent—lent
5. send—sent—sent
6. spend—spent—spent
第五组ABB
1. keep—kept—kept
2. sweep—swept—swept
3. sleep—slept—slept
4. leave—left—left
5. feel—felt—felt
6. smell—smelt—smelt
7. lose—lost—lost 8. learn—learnt—learnt (learned—learned)
9. get—got—got 10. do—did—done 11. go—went—gone
第六组ABB
1. make—made—made
2. hear—heard—heard
3. have—had—had
4. bring—brought—brought
5. find—found—found
6.buy—bought—bought
7. think—thought—thought 8. teach—taught—taught
第七组 ABB
1. dig—dug—dug
2. lead—led—led
3. hold—held—held
4. meet—met—met
5. say—said—said
6. pay—paid—paid
7. win—won—won 8. sell—sold—sold 9. tell—told—told
10. stand—stood—stood 11. understand—understood—understood
12. sit—sat—sat 13. wear—wore—worn
第八组ABC
1. begin—began—begun
2. swim—swam—swum
3. sing—sang—sung
4. ring—rang—rung
5. drink—drank—drunk
6. come—came—come
7. become—became—become 8. see—saw—seen 9. run—ran—run
11. lie—lay—lain—lying（躺）12. lie—lied—lied—lying（说慌）13. lay—laid—laid(放)
(4)一般过去时的用法
①表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week (month, year...), ago, just now, at the age of…, in 1980等连用。如：
At the age of ten, she began to learn to play the piano.
十岁的时候，她开始学弹钢琴。
②表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
当我是个孩子的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。
【例题精讲】
例1.——Where did you go last weekend?
——I ____ to the Great Wall.
A. go
B. went
C. will go
D. have gone
例https://www.doczj.com/doc/e219055092.html,st week Vivian ____ a dress for her mother with her first-month salary.
A. buy
B. bought
C. will buy
D. would buy
例3. Oh no! I ____ my book in the lab.
A. leave
B. left
C. will leave
D. was leaving
例4.——Your coat fits you well.
——Thank you. I ____ it when I was on vacation.
A. have bought
B. buy
C. bought
例5.My husband always _____ me flowers every week before we got married, but now he never ____.
A. sent; does
B. sends; does
C. was going to send; do
D. sent; do
【课堂练习】
1. ——Did Billy and Anna find a way out at last?
——Yes, they ____ a plan and did it.
A. were working out
B. worked out
C. are working out
D. have worked out
2. Yesterday the teacher told us the earth ____ the sun.
A. goes around
B. went around
C. is going around
D. would go around
3. ——Lucy has ____ to London. How can I get in touch with her?
——Don’t worry. She will phone you as soon as she ____ there.
A. been; will get
B. been; gets
C. gone; will get
D. gone; gets
4. ——Oh, no! I can’t find my mobile phone!
——Well, where ____ you last put it.
A. have
B. do
C. did
5. ——Have you ever climbed Mount Tai, Carol?
——Yes, I ____ in Taian for a week last year and reached the top of it twice.
A. had stayed
B. stay
C. stayed
D. have stayed
知识点三一般将来时
【知识梳理】
(1)一般将来时的结构
① will+动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：
e.g. I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我将在校门口见你。
②be going to+动词原形表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，主语一般是人。如：
e.g. I am going to be 15 next week. 下周我就15岁了。
③will 和be going to 的区别
be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：A. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：
e.g. He is going to write a letter tonight.
He will write a book one day.
B. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。
e.g. He is seriously ill. He is going to die.
C. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而will 则没有这个意思，如：
e.g. She is going to have a trip.
He will be here in half an hour.
④在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如：
e.g. If any beasts come at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
(2)用法
①表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如：tomorrow, soon, next day (week, month, year...), in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow等连用。如：
e.g. I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week. 下周我将要去上海旅行。
②当主句为一般将来时，在以after, when, while, as soon as, if, unless等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来。如：
e.g. I will do it better if the teacher gives me another chance.
如果老师再给我次机会，我会做得更好的。
【例题精讲】
例1.Don’t away. Bill ____ you look after your dog when you are away on business.
A. helps
B. will help
C. helping
D. helped
例2.Just go down this road and you ____ the library next to the bank.
A. see
B. saw
C. have seen
D. will see
例3. With the development of science and technology, robot cooks ____ in our families in the future.
A. appear
B. appeared
C. will appear
D. were appearing
例4. Many scientists believe that robots ____ able to talk like humans in 50 years.
A. were
B. are
C. will be
D. have been
例5.——Have you returned the book to the library yet?
——Not yet. Don’t worry. I ____ it soon.
A. return
B. returned
C. have returned
D. will return
【课堂练习】
1. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I ____ half of it.
A. missed
B. was missing
C. will miss
D. would miss
2. We are glad to hear that the Greens _________to a new flat next week.
A. move
B. moved
C. will move
D. have moved
3. Eric won’t start the experiment until his teacher _________him how to do it.
A. will show
B. show
C. shows
D. showed
4. If you come to the party, you a good time.
A. would have
B. have
C. will have
D. to have
5. Let’ s enjoy the days with our classmates. We _________our junior high school in two months.
A. will finish
B. are finishing
C. have finished
D. had finished
课后作业
1. --- Is Jim in the office?
--- No, he to the dining hall.
A. goes
B. would go
C. has gone
D. had gone
2. --- I called you this morning, but nobody answered it.
--- Oh, we some running in the park.
A. are doing
B. were doing
C. have done
D. did
3. Her son the army for two months. She misses him very much.
A. has joined
B. has been in
C. joined
D. was in
4. The reporter said that the UFO east to west when he saw it.
A. travels
B. traveled
C. was traveling
D. has traveled
5. I'm waiting for my sister. I won't go to see my uncle until .
A. she comes
B. she will come
C. she doesn't come
6. --- Do you know the Englishman?
--- Yes. I him for two years.
A. get to know
B. have known
C. knew
D. got to know
7. I my homework; I guess I can't join you.
A. don't finish
B. didn't finish
C. haven't finished
D. won't finish
8. Traveling to space is no longer just a dream. Russia the first hotel in space in the near future.
A. builds
B. will build
C. built
D. has built
9. We have been friends .
A. last year
B. one year ago
C. since we met last year
D. when we met last year
10. --- Do you know if Cindy will drive to Italy this weekend?
--- Cindy? Never! She driving.
A. has hated
B. hated
C. will hate
D. hates
11. --- I called you several times this morning, but you didn't answer.
--- Sorry. I tennis the whole morning.
A. played
B. is playing
C. would play
D. was playing
12. I a mistake. Please don't be angry with me.
A. make
B. made
C. will make
D. had made
13. --- I telephoned you yesterday afternoon but nobody answered.
--- Oh, I a film at that time.
A. see
B. saw
C. is seeing
D. was seeing
14. --- Is this your first time to Xinjiang?
--- No, I here several times.
A. have gone
B. haven't gone
C. have been
D. haven't been
15. --- We'll go for a picnic if it this Sunday.
--- Wish you a lovely weekend.
A. rain
B. doesn't rain
C. won't rain
16. He Luzhou for three months.
A. has left
B. has come to
C. has gone to
D. has been away from
17. I my hometown for a long time. I really miss it!
A. left
B. went away from
C. have left
D. have been away from
18. If you come to the party, you a good time.
A. would have
B. have
C. will have
D. to have
19. Mr. Brown in this factory since he was twenty-four years old.
A. works
B. worked
C. will work
D. has worked
20. --- Shush, be quiet! The baby in the next room.
--- Oh, sorry.
A. sleeps
B. slept
C. is sleeping
D. was sleeping
21. He for ten years.
A. has been married
B. married
C. got married
D. has married
22. --- Did you hear someone knocking at the door just now?
--- No,sir. I music.
A. was listening to
B. listened to
C. am listening to
D. would listen to
23. --- What were you doing this time yesterday?
--- I on the grass and drawing a picture.
A. A. sit
B. sat
C. am sitting
D. was sitting
24. --- How was your trip to the ancient village?
--- Fantastic! We to a natural museum of strange stones.
A. go
B. went
C. are going
D. will go
25. --- I hear Mr. Zhang has gone to Beijing for a meeting.
--- Really? Do you know when he ?
A. leaves
B. was leaving
C. has left
D. left
26. --- Lisa, I called you just now. Where were you?
--- Sorry, I a shower.
A. take
B. am taking
C. was taking
27. She the book two days ago.
A. has borrowed; since
B. has kept; since
C. kept; for
28. --- Where were you at 7:00 last night?
--- I to my mom at home.
A. write
B. wrote
C. am writing
D. was writing
29. --- I can't find Ted for three days. Where is he?
--- He Beijing for a meeting.
A. has been to
B. has gone to
C. have been to
D. have gone to
30. They England and they will be back next week.
A. have gone to
B. have been to
C. have gone in
D. has been on
31. ——____ you ____ to Nanhu Park a week ago?
——Yes. We had a good time there.
A. Do; go
B. Did; go
C. Did; went
32. I ____ the book club last week and I ____ two books already.
A. join; read
B. joined; read
C. joined; have read
D. join; has read
33. ——Summer holiday is coming. What are you going to do?
——I’m not sure. Maybe I ____ to the beach.
A. go
B. went
C. will go
D. have gone
34. ——Your name again? I ____ catch it.
——Henry Smith.
A. don’t
B. didn’t
C. wouldn’t
D. won’t
35. ——When will he come?
——When ____, I’ll let you know.
A. does he come
B. he comes
C. will he come
D. he will come
36. The telephone ____ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
A. is invented
B. was invented
C. were invented
37. The kids may not go to school in the future. They ____ at home on computers.
A. have studied
B. will study
C. studied
38. ——My aunt ____ me to Europe for vacation next month.
——Have a good time!
A. take
B. took
C. will take
39. I ____ the shops. Can I get you anything?
A. go to
B. went to
C. have gone to
D. am going to
40. Many city people _____ their bikes to work every day.
A. ride
B. will ride
C. rode
D. have ridden
41. ——Have you finished the poster for the party?
——Not yet. I ____ it in two days.
A. finish
B. finished
C. will finish
42. Next month we’re going somewhere interesting as soon as the holiday ____.
A. will begin
B. has begun
C. begins
D. is beginning
43. ——Have you watched the new movie Jurassic World, Steven?
——Not yet. I ____ it with my cousin this evening.
A. will watch
B. was watching
C. watched
D. have watched
44. ——Sorry, Tom. I can’t find the book you ____ me.
——It’s OK. I don’t need it any more.
A. lend
B. have lent
C. will lend
D. lent
45. ——I have to be off right now.
——What a pity! I ____ you could stay a little longer with us.
A. thought
B. am thinking
C. think
D. was thinking
初中语法 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时四种时态的区别名称定义时间动词形式时间词always、sometimes、usually、1、动词原形often、every表示经常性或习2、第三人称单 一般现在时平时、经常 惯性的动作数morning、动词后-s/esevery week、twice a week 等等now、rightnow、表示此时此刻或 at theam/is/are+动词 现在进行时现阶段正在进行正在进行 ingmoment、的动作 look、listen等in the future、1、will/shall+动 next词原形 表示将来发生的week/month、一般将来时即将、计划2、am/is/are 事tomorrow、+going to+动词 in two weeks原形 等等ago、yesterday、表示过去某一时1、V-ed（规则 last week/候或某一段时间过去（与现动词） 一般过去时night、所发生的事情或在无关的）2、不规则动词 just now、存在的状态变化 once upon a time等注意：
1、一般现在时——第三人称单数的动词变化规则： 1）大多数动词在词尾加“S” 如：stop－______; make－______read－______; play－______ 2）以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”如：fly－ ______；carry－______study－______; worry－______3）以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es” 如：teach－______;watch－______ 4）以“o”结尾的动词，加“es” 如：go－______do－______ 2、现在进行时——动词ing形式的变化规则 1.一般动词直接在词尾+ing 例：read→______（读）talk→______（交谈）sing→______（唱歌） 2.以不发音e结尾的动词，先去e再加ing 例：like→______喜欢write→______写skate→______（滑冰） 3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写末尾字母，再加ing例：stop→______（停止）get→______（得到） 4.少数几个以ie结尾的动词，变ie为f再加ing。 例：lie→______（躺、撒谎）tie→______（系、捆绑） 3、一般过去时——动词的变化规则 (1)一般在动词后加-ed。 如:play-______, offer-______, weigh-______, destroy-______, sign-______(2)在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。
第一讲 一般过去时，一般现在时和一般将来时 一般过去时 一．概念 (1)过去某个特定时间发生，并且一下子就完成了的动作（即：非持续性动作）; (2)过去习惯性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去。二．注意事项 1.在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。 2.表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。 这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。 3.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作常与always，never等连用。 I always carried a pen. 我过去老是带着一支笔。 （只是说明我过去的动作，不表明我现在是否常带着笔。） 比较 I always carries a pen. 我老是带着一支笔。 （说明这是我的习惯，表明我现在仍然还习惯总带着一支笔） I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。 （不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒） 4.如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用used to do My father used to drink. 我爸爸过去喝酒。 （意味着我爸爸现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了） I used to take a walk in the morning. 我过去是在早晨散步。（意味着现在不在早晨散步了） 比较 I took a walk in the morning . 我曾经在早晨散过步。（只是说明过去这一动作） 一般现在时 1．概念：一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 2．构成：一般现在时的构成主要有两种形式： （1）be型：句子的谓语动词只有be（am，is或are）： （2）实义动词型：句中的谓语动词为实义动词（也叫行为动词）： 3. 一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun.
英文最常用的时态有五个：一般现在时；一般过去时；一般将来时; 现在进行时和现在完成时。 一、一般现在时：用动词原型表示，但单数第三人称后要加-s，在词尾加-s时要注意： 1．一般情况：加-s 例：reads，writes，says 2．以s，x，ch，sh收尾的词加-es 例：teaches，washes，guesses 3．以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加-es 例：try—tries，carry—carries。 这个时态的疑问句一般以句首加助动词do，does构成。句中动词要用原型动词be提前： do you know it？are you students？does she have a pen？ 1．一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作：we always care for each other and help each other。they cycle to work every day。 2．现在的特征或状态：he loves sports。do you sing？a little。i major in english。 3．遍真理：light travels faster than sound。two and four makes six。the moon moves round the earth。 有些表示状态和感觉的动词常常可用于一般现在时：be，love，like，hate，want，hope，need，prefer，wish，know，understand，remember，believe，recognize，guess，suppose，mean，belong，think（以为），feel，envy，doubt，remain，consist，contain，seem，look（看起来），see，fit，suit，owe，own，hear，find，suggest，propose，allow，show（说明），prove，mind（在意），have（有），sound（听起来），taste （尝起来），matter，require，possess，desire等等。i feel a sharp pain in my chest。the soup contains too much salt。you see what i mean？ the coat fits you very well。how do you find the book？ 有些表示动作的动词间或可用于这一时态，表示现刻的动作，由于动作持续时间机短，用于进行时不自然：i send you my best wishes。i salute your courage。now i extend my heartfelt thanks to you。 在口语中这个时态用来表示一个按规定、计划或安排发生的情况（这是都有一个表示未来时间的状语）：when do the train leave（stop at jinan）？the plane take off at 11 am。tomorrow is saturday。is there a firm on tonight？ 但这只限少数动词，如begin，come，go，leave，sail，start，arrive，return，dine，end，stop，depart，open，close，be等。另外，在时间或条件从句中，将来动作或状态多用这一时态表示： tell her about that when she come。turn off the light before you leave。we‘ll start as soon as you are ready。在口语中，这个时态间或可以用来表示一个已经发生的动作（这个动作发生的时间在说话人脑中处于很不重要的地位）： they say xiao wu is back。is that true？xiao yu tells me you‘re going abroad。oh，i forget where he lives。
初中英语语法：一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时一、一般现在时 （一）一般现在时的三种形式 1、谓语是be（am/is/are）的一般现在时。 ①肯定形式：主语+be+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）。 I am hungry. You are beautiful. He is a doctor. ①否定形式：主语+be+not+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）。 I am not hungry. You aren't beautiful. He isn't a doctor. ①一般疑问句形式：Be+主语+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+ be+not. —Are you hungry? —Yes，I am./No,I'm not. —Is he a doctor? —Yes, he is./No, he isn,t. ①特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+Be开头的一般疑问句? —What is he? —He is a doctor. 注意：be要随着主语变。 2.谓语动词是实义动词（及物动词或不及物动词）的一般现在时。 ①肯定形式：“主语+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+不及物动词”。 She has a little brother. 她有一个弟弟。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ①否定形式：“主语+don't/doesn't+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+don't/doesn't+不及物动
词”。 She doesn't have a little brother. 她没有弟弟。 I don't eat every morning. 我每天早晨都不吃饭。 ①一般疑问句形式：“Do/Does+主语+及物动词原形+宾语”或“Do/Does+主语+不及物动词原形”。 肯定回答：Yes,主语+do/does. 否定回答是：No, 主语+ don't/doesn't. —Do you eat every morning? —Yes, I do./No, I don't. —Does she have a little brother? —Yes, she does./No, she doesn't. ①特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does开头的一般疑问句？ What do you like? When do you go to school? 注意：根据主语确定用do还是does。 3.谓语是情态动词can/may...+动词原形的一般现在时。 ①肯定形式：主语+情态动词can/may.....+动词原形+宾语。 I can finish my homework. ①否定形式：主语+情态动词can/may.....+not+动词原形+宾语。 I can't finish my homework. ①一般疑问句形式：情态动词Can/May.....+主语+动词原形+主语+宾语。 肯定回答是：Yes,主语+情态动词. 否定回答是：No, 主语+ 情态动词+not.—Can you finish your homework? —Yes，I can./No, I can't. ①特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+情态动词can/may.....开头的一般疑问句？—What can you do? —I can do my homework. 注意：情态动词can/may.....+动词原形。 （二）一般现在时的用法
一、一般现在时的用法 1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语：often，usually，always，sometimes，every week（day，year，month．．．），once a week，on Sundays，etc． 例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3）表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例如： Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。 例如： He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 二、一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month．．．），in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，etc． 例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？ 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、 现在进行时 初中语法 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时是四种不同的时态。它们分别用于描述不同的时间和动作形式。一般现在时表示经常性或惯性的动作，通常使用动词的原形或第三人称单数形式。常用的时间状语有always、sometimes、usually、often、every morning、every week、twice a week等等。 现在进行时表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作，通常使用am/is/are+动词的ing形式。常用的时间状语有now、 right now、at the moment、look、listen等。 一般将来时表示将来发生的事情或计划，通常使用 will/shall+动词的原形或am/is/are+going to+动词的原形。常用 的时间状语有in the future、next week/month、tomorrow、in two weeks等等。
一般过去时表示过去某一时刻或过去某一段时间所发生的动作，与现在无关。动词的变化规则有以下几种：1）大多数 动词在词尾加“S”；2）以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变 为“i”，然后在加“es”；3）以“s。x。ch。sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”；4）以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”。 现在进行时使用动词的ing形式，变化规则有以下几种：1）一般动词直接在词尾+ing；2）以不发音e结尾的动词，先 去e再加ing；3）以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写末尾字母，再加ing。 3、一般过去时——动词的变化规则 一般过去时是描述过去发生的事情，动词的变化规则如下： 1)一般在动词后加-ed。 如:play-played。offer-offered。weigh-weighed。destroy-destroyed。sign-signed 2)在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。 如:like-liked。provide-provided。hate-hated。date-dated
教学内容
【例题精讲】 例1.------ W ho is that lady? She's Miss Green. She us music, and she is so good. A. taught B. teaches C. will teach D. is teaching 例 2. I think I'll take a bus to the meeting. A. do The bus? If you, you will be late. B. have done C. will do 例3. Unless the weather, we will have to cancel the picnic. A. improve B. improves C. improved D. will improve 例4. We don't know if our friend .If he, we'll let you know. A. comes; comes B. comes; will come 例5. Our geography teacher told us that the earth C. will come; comes the sun. A. went around B. goes around C. is going around D. was going around 【课堂练习】 1.Look! A dog a blind man across the road. A. leads B. lead C. is leading D. led 2.They usually TV in the evening. A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches 3.He hardly up early. A. gets B. get C. doesn't get D. don't get 4.John football. A. likes playing B. likes play C. like play 5.Frank usually in touch with his primary school teachers by email. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. will keep
题目 一般过去时,现在进行时,一般将来时,一般现在时的句子结构 答案解析 一、一般现在时 结构：主语+ 谓语动词（实义动词或者是be动词）+ 宾语 当主语是第三人称单数的时候,后面的谓语动词一定要变成动词的第三人称单数形式. 例：He has an English book.句子中的have 是动词原形,has则是have的第三人称单数形式二、现在进行时 结构：be + v+ing + sth be动词包括（am is are) 什么情况用哪个be动词是由主语决定的! 当主语是第一人称“I ”的时候be 动词一定只可以用am 当主语是单三的时候,be 动词要用is 当主语是第二人称you 或者是其他的时候,be动词一定要用are v+ing 表示的是现在分词,也就是动词的ing 形式 现在分词的变化形式: 1.动词是以字母“e ”结尾的要去掉e 再+ ing 2.直接在动词词尾+ing 3.词尾是以一个元音字母加上一个辅音字母,且重读闭音节结尾的要双写辅音字母再+ing 例：play- playing take - taking do - doing leave - leaving put - putting cut - cutting
例：I am playing football with my classmates. He is watching TV at home. They are having an English class. 三、一般将来时 1.结构：be + going to +do sth 例：I am going to do my homework tomorrow. He is going to babysit his sister. We are going to go shopping this weekend. 2.will + v（原形） 例：He will come back later. I will visit my grandparents next week. 3.be + doing sth 现在进行时也可以表示计划、打算要做的事情 例：I am leaving for Shanghai next Sunday. 四、一般过去时 结构：主语+ 动词过去式(be 动词,或者实义动词) + 宾语例：I was a little girl 10 years ago. He went to the Great Wall last month. I visited my cousins last Saturday.
四大时态总结--------一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时、现在进行时 一、一般现在时 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如often, usually, always, sometimes, never, seldom, every week/day/year/month..., once a week, on Sundays等。动词用原形。当主语 第三人称单数的动词变化规则： （只有在第三人称(he, she, it, 一个人名)为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式） (1)一般情况下，直接加sruns gets likes (2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母，结尾加es watches, goes, washes, crosses, mixes, does (3)动词末尾y，前为辅音，将y改为i加esstudy→studies fly→flies 但在y前如果为元音则直接加s buys says plays (4)不规则变形have—has 二、现在进行时 现在进行时表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。常与now, at this time, these days, Listen! Look! at this 动词加ing规则 (1)直接在动词后加ing.going, starting, working. (2)去掉词尾不发音的e，再加ing. leave--leaving, make---making.
注意：如果单词结尾的e发音，则不能去掉，也直接加ing. see –seeingagree - agreeing . (3) 对于动词只有一个元音，而其后跟了一个辅音字母时，双写末尾辅音字母再加ing. sitting, beginningrun – runningstop – stoppingcut – cuttingcontrol – controlling （4）以ie结尾，把ie变y再加ing。如：lie – lyingdie – dyingtie – tyingpicnic - picnicking. 三、一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来发生的事。常与tomorrow, next day/week/month/year..., soon, in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow, in the future等时间状语连用。 Will/shall +动词原形；（shall用语第一人称）be(am/is/are) going to+ 动词原形 四、一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday，ago, this morning，just now，a moment ago，last night / year / week/month，once upon a time，the other day，before，
一般现在时态 【展示平台】 1. 一般现在时态用来表示经常，反复，习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频率的 副词sometimes（有时）, often（经常）, usually（通常）, always（总是）等连用。时间状 语in the morning/ afternoon/ evening（在上午/下午/晚上）, every day/ week/ month/ year（每 天/周/月/年, at noon/night（在中午/夜里）, on Monday/Tuesday（在星期一/二）等也可用在 一般现在时态中。如： Bruce usually walks to school. 布鲁斯通常步行去上学。 We have two P.E classes every week. 我们每周上两节体育课。 2. 表示现在的特征或状态。如： She is always ready to help others. 她总是乐于助人. He is 13 years old. 他13岁了。 3. 表示事实或客观真理，或在谚语中，也用一般现在时。如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day. 太阳每天东升西落。 When there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 4. 一般现在时的基本句型 1）肯定句：①主语+动词原形+其他②主语（第三人称单数）+ 动词-s+ 其他 如：They live in China. 他们住在中国。He likes eating apples. 他喜欢吃苹果。2）否定句： ①主语+don’t+ 动词原形+其他 ②主语（第三人称单数）+doesn’t+ 动词原形+其他如： They don’t live in China. 他们不住在中国。He doesn’t like eating apples. 他不喜欢吃苹果。3）一般疑问句： ① Do+主语+动词原形+其他? ② Does+主语（第三人称单数）+ 动词原形+其他？如：Do they live in China? 他们住在中国吗？ Does he like eating apples? 他喜欢吃苹果吗？【相关链接】 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称的单数形式。谓语动词的第三人称单数形 式的变化规则如下： 1）一般在动词后直接加s。如：talk –talks, live –lives。 2）以s, x., ch, sh或o结尾的动词在其后加es。如： watch –watches, wash –washes, go –goes。3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变成i再加es。如： carry – carries, fly –flies。 4）特殊的，如：have的第三人称单数为has。 【牵手中考】 1. Bob often ______his mother with the housework on Sundays A. help B. helping C. helps D. helped (桂林)
初三英语时态汇总 一般现在时 【定义】 一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。即描述我们日常生活中的衣食住行等活动。 【用法】 (1) 在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month, once a week, on Sundays …… 例句：He usually plays football on Sundays. (2)没有时间状语，可以分以下四种类型： 这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如： ①I am a student.(主语+be动词+名词) ②They are hungry.（主语+be动词+形容词） ③He is out.(主语+be动词+副词) ④That pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词) ⑤I am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词) ⑥The bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语) do型由行为动词充当谓语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作，
其构成为。如： ①I know it. ②He believes me. there be型句子表示“某地存在…”，其构成为，表示客 观事实。用法遵循，即主语是单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数，则用there is；主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数，则用there are。如： （1）There is an eraser on the teacher's desk.(主语an eraser是单数) （2）There is an orange，five apples and eight bananas in the bag.(并列主语中的第一个主语an orange是单数) 情态动词型句子的构成为，情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法。如： ①He can speak a little English.(can+speak) ②May I have a book, please?(may+have) 【练习】 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。（Be动词）
一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时是英语中最基本的三种时态。 它们分别用于描述现在、过去和将来发生的事情。在句子结构上，它 们有一些共同的特点，也有一些不同之处。接下来将分别对这三种时 态的句子结构进行阐述，并给出具体的例子。 一、一般现在时的句子结构 一般现在时用来描述经常性或习惯性的动作，科学事实，普遍真理， 以及口语中的将来计划等。其句子结构为： 主语 + 动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他。 主语：指动作的执行者或者事物的所有者，可以是名词、代词或者某 个词组。 动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式：动词根据主语的人称和数的不同，可以使用动词原形或者第三人称单数形式。 其他：可以是时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。 例句：
1. I study English every day.（我每天学英语。） 2. He speaks Chinese fluently.（他讲中文流利。） 3. The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。） 二、一般过去时的句子结构 一般过去时用来描述过去发生的事情或者已经完成的动作。其句子结构为： 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。 例句： 1. I finished my homework yesterday.（我昨天完成了我的作业。） 2. She bought a new car last week.（她上周买了一辆新车。） 3. They visited the museum two days ago.（他们两天前参观了博物馆。） 三、一般将来时的句子结构 一般将来时用来表示将来发生的动作或者情况。其句子结构为： 主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 + 其他。
初中语法 大凡现在时、大凡过去时、大凡将来时、现在进行时四种时态的区别名称定义时间动词形式时间词always、sometimes、usually、1、动词原形often、every表示经常性或习2、第三人称单 大凡现在时平时、经常 惯性的动作数morning、动词后-s/esevery week、twice a week 等等now、rightnow、表示此时此刻或 at theam/is/are+动词 现在进行时现阶段正在进行正在进行 ingmoment、的动作 look、listen等in the future、1、will/shall+动 next词原形 表示将来发生的week/month、大凡将来时即将、计划2、am/is/are 事tomorrow、+going to+动词 in two weeks原形 等等ago、yesterday、表示过去某一时1、V-ed（规则 last week/候或某一段时间过去（与现动词） 大凡过去时night、所发生的事情或在无关的）2、不规则动词 just now、存在的状态变化 once upon a time等注意：
1、大凡现在时——第三人称单数的动词变化规则： 1）大多数动词在词尾加“S” 如：stop－______; make－______read－______; play－______ 2）以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”如：fly－ ______；carry－______study－______; worry－______3）以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es” 如：teach－______;watch－______ 4）以“o”结尾的动词，加“es” 如：go－______do－______ 2、现在进行时——动词ing形式的变化规则 1.大凡动词直接在词尾+ing 例：read→______（读）talk→______（交谈）sing→______（唱歌） 2.以不发音e结尾的动词，先去e再加ing 例：like→______喜欢write→______写skate→______（滑冰） 3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写末尾字母，再加ing例：stop→______（停止）get→______（得到） 4.少数几个以ie结尾的动词，变ie为f再加ing。 例：lie→______（躺、撒谎）tie→______（系、捆绑） 3、大凡过去时——动词的变化规则 (1)大凡在动词后加-ed。 如:play-______, offer-______, weigh-______, destroy-______, sign-______(2)在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。
一、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. eg: I usually get up at seven o’clock every morning 期末考试在下周举行。 The train leaves Beijing at six and arrives at shanghai at eleven. 火车六点离开北京，11点到达上海。 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时： 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
三、一般将来时： 概念：表示从现在看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
一般体三种时态综合练习：（一） 1.____ he ______ to the park at 6:30 in the morning? No,he ______ . A. Does; goes; does B. Does; go; doesn’t C. Does; go; does 2.What colour ______ y ou ________ this bookcase? I ______ it pink. A. are; going to paint; am going to paint B. do; paint; paint C. did; paint; painted 3.Tim always _______ a picture at home. He ________ a car now. A. draws; is drawing B. draw; draw C. draws; draw 4.She usually ______ h er friends. They often ______ tea. A. see; drink B. sees; drinks C. sees; drink 5.He usually ____ the dishes at night, but tonight he ______ c lothes. A. wash; wash B.washes; is going to wash C. is washing; washes 6.Mr. Green usually _______ h is newspaper in the evening, but he and his wife _______ television yesterday evening. A.reads; watches B.reads; is going to watch C.reads; watched 7.Where are the man and the woman? They __________ near the tree. A. sit B. sat C. are sitting 8._____ your pen pal ______ d iving? No, he ________ .He _______ writing stories. A. Does; like; doesn’t; likes B. Does; likes; doesn’t; like C. Do; like; don’t; likes 9._____ you _____ fishing yesterday? No, we _________ . A. Does; go; doesn’t B. Did; go; didn’t C. Do; go; don’t 10.Open the window, Please. Look! He ________ it. A. opens B. is openning C. is opening 11.I usually ____ some milk every day. But I ________ coffee yesterday. A. drink; drank B. is drinking; drink C. drank; am drinking 12.Mr. Green often __ his newspapers at night. But he ___ an interesting book tonight. A. reads; reads B. reads; read C. reads; is going to read 13.The old man _______ p laying sports in the park. He _______ m orning exercise now. A. likes; is doing B. likes; does C. like; doing 14.What ______ you usually _______ i n the evening? I ________ c omputer games. What ______ you ________ l ast night? I ____ a book. A. do; do; play; did; do; read B. did; do; played; do; do; read C. does; do; plays; do; do; am reading 15.Where ________ the boy ______ ? He _______ across the river now. A. does; swim; swims B. is; swimming; is swimming C. is; swimming; is swimming 16.____ you _______ to music now? Yes, we _______ . A. Do; listen; do B. Did; listen; did C. Are; listening; are
英语常用的时态有六种,分别是:一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过 去进行时、 各种时态的用法 一、一般现在时。 1.用法:A.现在经常性的动作或状态 B.客观事实和真理。 2.结构:主语+动词原型;I work 单数三人称,动词加“s” He works 3.标志词:always,usually,often, sometimes, never, every day /week/month/year/… 1.I often walk to school 2、He goes to school at seven o’clock everyday. 3、The sun rises in the east. 在when ,as soon as, until, after, before等到引导的时间状语从句和if 引导的条件状语从句中, 如果明天不下雨,我们将去野营。 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go camping
她一到达那儿,就会给你写信。 She ’ll write to you as soon as she gets there . 二、一般过去时 1.用法:一般过去时主要用于表示过去时间 2.结构:主语+动词加“ed”。I worked 2.标志词:yesterday,the day before yesterday, three days ago, last night/week/month…,in the past;just now=a moment ago 1、he was born in 1989. 2、I used to play football when I was young. 三、一般将来时 1.用法:将来的动作或状态。 2.结构:主语+will +动词原形I will work 主语+am /is/are+going to +动词I am going to work 3.标志词:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in three days, in(the)future, next week/month/term…, from now on 例如: 1、We will visit the science museum next week. 2、We are going to discuss the problem tomorrow.