主谓一致
一、概述：主谓一致的三个基本原则是：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。“语法一致”是指形式上的一致。即：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。“意义一致”是指有些主语形式上虽为单数，而意义上是复数，谓语动词用复数；同样有些主语形式上虽为复数，而意义上是单数，谓语动词用单数。“就近原则”是指谓语动词的单复数与最靠近它的名词或代词保持一致。
二、主谓一致的几种情况：
（一）并列结构作主语的情况：
1、and连接并列成分作主语的情况：
⑴由and或both…and…连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。如：
He and I are teachers. Both he and I are teachers.
⑵and连接的两部分表示同一个人、事物或概念时，谓语动词用单数。常见结构有：a cart and house（一驾马车），a cup and saucer（一套杯碟），a needle and thread（针线），a watch and chain, a coat and tie, truth and honesty, medical help and cure, my house and home（我的家），cause and effect（因果），supply and demand（供求关系），pen and ink（笔墨），whisky and soda（威士忌和苏打，指一种酒），war and peace（战争与和平），a knife and fork（刀叉），fish and potato chips（鱼和炸土豆条），the bread and butter（面包与黄油），early to bed and early to rise（早睡早起）。如：A knife and fork is on the table.
⑶由and连接两个带the（a或物主代词）的单数可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；如果只有前一个名词带the（a或物主代词）时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The teacher and the doctor are Chinese. The teacher and doctor is a Chinese.这位教师兼医生是中国人。
⑷and前后均有each，every，no，many a…等修饰可数名词单数，构成并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用单数。其中后一个限定词可以省略。如：
No sound and (no) voice is heard. Each man and (each) woman is here.
Many a teacher and (many a) student has seen the film.
⑸由“and连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Good and bad meat in the market are sold out.
⑹“不可数名词+and连接的后置并列修饰语”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Beer from the USA and Germany is much better than that from Britain.
⑺由and连接的第二个名词（短语）表示否定或带有状语时，谓语动词与第一个名词保持一致。如：
The parents and not the son were missing. The teacher，and perhaps his students too，is likely to be present.
⑻what从句的并列式作主语时，并列完整式用复数；并列缩略式用单数。如：
What he says and what he thinks have nothing to do with me. What I say and do is my own affair.
注意这两句根据的是意义一致的原则：
What he says and does do not agree. 他言行不一致。
What he says and does does not concern me. 他的言行与我无关。
⑼由and连接的两个疑问代词、不定式或动名词作主语时，根据主语表达的意义，确定谓语动词单复数形式（即意义一致原则）。如：
Where and when to build the house is not decided. When to have the meeting and who to hold the meeting are not decided yet. What caused the fire and how much the loss was are still unknown.
2、“就近原则”：
由并列连词or，nor, not only…but also…，not…but…，either…or…，neither…nor…，whether…or…等连接并列成分作主语，以及在there/here be句型中有并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应根据“就近原则”（在疑问句或倒装句中也应该根据“就近原则”确定谓语动词的单复数）。如：
Not only he but also I am a teacher. Not only I but also he is a teacher. Is not only he but also I a teacher？One or two friends are coming this evening.
3、“就前原则”：
当主语后面接with，together/along with（跟……一起），as well as（以及），as much as （与……一样多），such…as…, such as, besides/except/but（除外），in addition to（除外），including（包括），like（如），rather than（而不是），without（没有），no less than（不少于），more than（多于），combined with（加上……），accompanied by（由……陪同），no less than
等构成的短语修饰时，谓语动词仍与前面的主语保持一致（即“就前原则”）。如：
I as well as they am ready to help you. Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party. They except Jim are Chinese.
（二）单一成分作主语的情况（一般情况下主语的人称和数决定谓语动词的单复数形式）。
1、名词作主语的情况：
⑴形复义单的名词。这类名词有news，means（方法），works（工厂），plastics（塑料），politics（政治），mathematics（数学），economics（经济学），mechanics（力学），athletics （运动），electronics（电学），classics（古典文学），linguistics（语言学），statistics（统计学）等作主语时，谓语动词用单数；但当这类学科名词表示“具体的活动，学业，见解，原理，情况”等时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Politics is my weak subject. What are his politics？他的政见如何？
⑵形复义复的名词。这类名词有glasses，trousers/plants（裤子），shoes，socks，gloves，scissors，clothes，savings（储蓄金），belongings（财产），goods（货物），chopsticks，compasses （圆规）等作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但当这些名词前带上了单位词pair，kind，type，sort，suit，series等时，谓语动词的数应与单位词保持一致。如：
His trousers are new. This pair of trousers is new.
⑶集合名词作主语。
①有些集合名词作主语，谓语动词常常用复数。这类名词有people（人们），police（警察），cattle（牲口），oxen（牛）, folk（人们），youth（青年人），militia（民兵），poultry （家禽），the Greens（格林一家）等。但注意如果以上一些名词的意义发生变化时，其谓语动词不一定用复数形式。如：
Poultry are used as food.（家禽常常用来当作食品）Poultry is a kind of meat.（禽肉是一种肉）
②某些集合名词作主语，如果当作整体看待，谓语动词用单数；如果强调其中的各个个体或成员，谓语动词用复数。这类名词有family，class，group（小组），grade，team，army （军队），club（俱乐部），audience（听众），crew（全体人员），committee（委员会），company （公司），government（政府），union（联合会），enemy（敌人），majority（多数），population，staff（员工），public（公众），crowd（人群），party（政党），couple（夫妇），band（伙、团、
队），cabinet（内阁），nation（国民）等。如：
His family is poor. His family are all watching TV.
⑷单复数同形的名词作主语。根据上下文及具体意思决定谓语动词的单复数形式（如果这些名词前有a，such a，this，that修饰时，谓语动词用单数；如有all，such，these，those 修饰时，谓语动词用复数。）如sheep，deer，fish（鱼），means（方法），works（工厂），species （种类），series（系列），swine（猪），aircraft（飞机、飞艇），bellows（风箱），crossroads （十字路口），headquarters（司令部、总部），Swiss（瑞士人），Chinese，Japanese等。如：
A sheep is（Several sheep are）over there.
⑸专有名词（如书刊名、报纸、国名、山脉、海峡等）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The United Nations was founded in 1945.
⑹名词所有格表示“商店、工厂或住宅”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。但指“店铺”时，一般当集合名词看待，谓语动词用复数。这类名词有the baker's（烤房，面包房），the barber's（理发店），the carpenter's（木工房），the Green's（格林先生的家）等。如：The doctor's is on the other side of the street. Smith's have a lot of things to sell.（史密斯的店铺里有许多东西卖。）
⑺名词化结构“the+形容词/过去分词/动词-ing”作主语时，谓语动词常用复数；但如果指“一个人”或“抽象的一类事物概念或品质”时，谓语动词用单数。这类词有the old，the young，the wounded，the dying等。如：
The blind study in special schools. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.（美给我们大家以快乐。）
⑻某些以-ch，-ese，-sh结尾的表示国家、民族的形容词与the连用表示“整个民族”，作主语时谓语动词用复数；但当它们表示“某种语言”时，谓语动词用单数。如：The Chinese are great. Chinese is very difficult for foreigners to learn.
⑼表示量的名词作主语，要根据其具体含义确定谓语动词的单复数形式。这类词有half （一半），（a）part（一部分），plenty（大量），the rest（其余的人或物），the following（下面的人或物）等。如：
I have drunk some of the water and the rest is for you. The first two of the four books are very easy，but the rest are very difficult.
2、代词作主语的情况：
⑴不定代词each，one，much，either，neither，another，the other（+单数名词），
（a）little等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Each of the students/Each student has a new book.
注意当each位于复数主语后面作同位语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
The students each have a new book.
⑵复合不定代词someone，somebody，something，anyone，anybody，anything，everyone，everybody，everything，no one，nobody，nothing作主语时，谓语动词用单数。注意：表示人的复合不定代词作主语，变反意疑问句时常常用复数代词；表示物的复合不定代词作主语，变反意疑问句时常常用单数代词。如：
Someone wants to see you，don't they？Everything is ready，isn't it？
⑶不定代词many，（a）few，several，both等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Both（of the books）are interesting.
⑷不定代词all，none，any，some，more，most，a lot（of），lots of等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词应根据其指代或修饰的名词的数确定单复数形式。如：None of us has seen the film.（我们中没有一个人看过这部电影。）None of us have seen the film.（我们所有的人都没有看过这部电影。）
⑸疑问代词who，whose，which，what等作主语时，谓语动词应根据说话人的意图确定单复数。如：
Who are today's topics？Who lives next door？It's Jim.
⑹指示代词such，the same，bellow，the following等作主语时，谓语动词应根据其内容（表语）确定单复数。如：
Such is life. Such are his words.
⑺关系代词that，which，who等在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。注意：“one of+复数名词+who/that/which”型定语从句，复数名词是先行词，故定语从句的谓语动词用复数；但是，如果one前有this，that，the，the very，the only等修饰时，one是先行词，故定语从句的谓语动词用单数。如：
Those who want to go please sign your name here. He was one of the boys who were praised. He was the only one of the boys who was praised.
⑻名词性物主代词作主语时，谓语动词应根据其指代的内容确定单复数。如：
Your Party is a great party，ours（Our Party）is also a great party. Your shoes are black，
mine（my shoes）are white.
3、数词作主语：
⑴“四则运算”的数词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数（若是“加法”或“乘法”，谓语动词也可以用复数）。如：
Two and three is/are five. Twelve divided by three is four.
注意：当提问加、减、乘、除时，如用how much，谓语动词多用单数；如用how many，谓语动词多用复数。如：How much is four times two？How many are two times five？
⑵“分数和百分数”构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词应根据of后的名词确定单复数。如：
Only 20 percent/Two fifths of the books are worth reading.
⑶表示“时间、距离、价格、金额、、长度、重量、量度、温度”等的数词作主语，谓语动词通常用单数形式；但侧重于“若干单位”时，谓语动词用复数。如：Twenty years isn’t a long time. Two thousand pounds is a large sum. Twenty years have passed since he left.（他离开已经二十个年头了）
⑷当主语被表示“单位、度量”的短语修饰时，谓语动词由表示“度量”的名词的单复数确定。这类短语有a kind of，a sort of，a type of，a pair of，a ton of，a cup of，a meter of，a bottle of，a handful of（一把……），a glass of，a piece of，a box of，a form of，a quantity of 等。如：
Here is a pair of shoes. Three million tons of coal exported every year.
⑸当主语被以下短语修饰时，谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词的单复数决定。这类短语有plenty of，a lot of/lots of，half of，most of，the rest of，the remainder （剩余的，剩下的），some of，a heap of/heaps of（许多的、大量的）。如：Lots of money is needed. Lots of people are waiting outside.
⑹几种特殊结构：
The number of +复数名词+单数谓语The number of the students in our class is 65.
① A number of +复数名词+复数谓语 A number of the students are League members.
Numbers of +复数名词+复数谓语Numbers of the students are League members.
Many a +单数名词+单数谓语Many a good friend of mine has been to Beijing.
②
A good（great）many +复数名词+复数谓语 A good many students are present at the meeting.
A/An +单数名词+or two +单数谓语 A day or two is enough.
③
One or two +复数名词+复数谓语One or two persons aren’t enough.
A/An +单数名词+and a half +单数谓语 A year and a half has passed.
④
One and a half +复数名词+复数/单数谓语One and a half years have/has passed.
More than one +复数谓语There are some boys there，more than one are Chinese.
More than one +单数名词+单数谓语More than one person was absent.
⑤More +复数名词+than one +复数谓语More students than one have been there.
More than two（three…）+复数名词+复数谓语More than ten students have attended the
concert.
The amount of +不可数名词+单数谓语The amount of money is wasted.
（Large）amounts of +不可数名词+复数谓语Large amounts of money were spent on the ⑥bridge.
The quantity of +不可数名词/复数名词+单数谓语The quantity of paper/books is needed.
（Large quantities of +不可数名词/复数名词+复数谓语Large quantities of paper/books
are needed.
A variety of + 复数名词+ 复数谓语There was a variety of opinion.
A variety of +单数名词+ 单数谓语 A great variety of flowers were shown in the
⑦exhibition.
The variety of + 复数名词+ 单数谓The variety of goods suggests that they are wealthy.
Varieties of + 单数名词/复数名词+ 复数谓语There are varieties of flowers/water.
This kind of book is worth reading.
⑧
This kind of men is dangerous.
An average of + 复数名词+ 复数谓语An average of 3 students are absent each day.
⑨
The average of + 复数名词+ 单数谓语The average of the students’ age is 18.9.
注意：由kind, form, type, sort, species, portion, series of等修饰主语时，谓语动词常取决于这些词的单复数。如：
This new type of buses is now on show. Some new forms of art were discussed at the meeting. All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome.
注意: men of this kind和these kind of men作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：
Men of this kind/These kind of men are dangerous.
4、其他情况：
⑴两个主语，一个表肯定，一个表否定，谓语动词与肯定主语一致。如：The parents，not his son，were missing.
⑵表示前后照应的词组，如the above，the below，the former，the latter，the following，such等，应根据其所指对象（即表语）决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如无上下文且无法根据表语判断时，则可以当作集合名词看待。如：The above is（are）the most important fact（facts）.
⑶what引导的主语从句，谓语动词多用单数。但从句中有含复数意义的并列结构时，或“表语是复数名词时，谓语动词用单复数皆可。如：What we need is time. What we need are/is books. What you say and think is/are no business of mine.
⑷单个的动名词（短语）或不定式（短语）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。两个以上的动名词（短语）或不定式（短语）作并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：To say something is one thing，to do it is another.
Going fishing and going skating are her favorite sports.
(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作主语时，应注意定语从句的谓语动词应与前面的先行词保
持数的一致。尤其注意如下结构：one of/not the only one of + 复数名词+ 关系代词+ 复数谓语动词；the only one of + 复数名词+ 关系代词+ 单数谓语动词。如：
He gave me five yuan that/which isn’t enough for me.
He gave me two apples that/which are enough for me.
He is one of the students who/that have passed the examination.
He is the only one of the students who/that has passed the examination.
附：特殊名词作主语时，谓语动词的判定
1、常常当复数名词处理的有：vegetables，works（工厂），games，cards，people （人），scissors，pincers（钳子），glasses，shorts（短裤），trousers，clothes，compasses（圆规），thanks（感谢），remains（残余、遗迹），ashes（尸体、文化遗迹），contents（内容、容量、目录），goods（货物），police，cattle（牛群），poultry（家禽），archives（档案、公文），arms（武器），fireworks（烟火），morals（道德），stairs，suburbs（市郊、郊区）以及以ing结尾的名词。
2、作主语当单数处理的有：
⑴以s结尾的疾病名词。如arthritis（关节炎），bronchitis（支气管炎）等。
⑵以s结尾的游戏名词。如marbles（弹球），draughts（跳棋）等。
⑶以ics结尾的学科名词。如physics，mathematics，mechanics（力学，机械学），optics （光学），politics（政治），economics，linguistics（语言学），athletics（运动）等。
⑷以s结尾的国名。如United States
⑸man（人类），tofu，money，bread，coke，ice-cream，fun，information，progress，luck，furniture（家具），machinery（机器、机械，注意machine为可数名词），clothing，traffic，jewellery（珠宝，注意jewel为可数名词），equipment（设备、装备）等。
3、随意义不同应分别对待的有：
⑴单复数同形的名词作主语时，应以其前的修饰语确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如sheep，deer，fish（鱼），means（方法），works（工厂），species（种类），series（系列），swine （猪），aircraft（飞机、飞艇），bellows（风箱），crossroads（十字路口），headquarters（司令部、总部），Swiss（瑞士人），Chinese，Japanese等。
⑵随着意义的不同，谓语动词应区别对待的有fish（鱼的条数或种类、鱼肉），chicken （小鸡、鸡肉），paper（纸；报纸、论文、试卷），people（人、人民、民族），orange（桔子、桔汁、橙色），room（房间、空间），man（男人、人类），difficulty/trouble，all及food （s），fruit（s），drink（s），tea（s），water（s），sand（s），paper（s），green（s），force（s），manner（s），look（s），hair（s），iron（s），spirit（s），good（s），time（s）等。
主谓一致专题训练 语法一致原则: 1、句子的主语是单数形式,谓语动词要用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动 词用复数形式。 2、如果是不定代词做句子的主语,如anything ,everyone, everybody, nobody 等,谓语动词通常用单数形式。 3、当主语后面有as well as ,like , but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, more than, no less than, 等引导的词语时,谓语动词的单复数形式通常与这些词语前面的主语保持一致。Water as well as air is matter.空气和水都是物质。 4、就近原则:neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also 谓语动词该用单数还是用复数形式,取决于最邻近它的名词、代词或其它词的数。另外,neither….nor, Either…or… ,or, not only …but also…等连接两个名词或代词做主语时,或由there ,here引导的句子,并且主语不止一个时,谓语动词通常与邻近它的主语保持数上的一致。 意义一致原则: 谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的内容在含义是单数意义还是 复数意义。 注意: 以s结尾的名词,如果表示的意义是单数,则谓动词用单数形式;2.相反有些动词形式上是单数形式,但表示复数意义,谓语动词要用复数形式,如:people, police
等这些集合名词.这些词要根据实际表达意义来做题。3.如果主语是the 与adj或是由the与姓氏复数构成,则谓语动词都用复数形式。 除了以上几个原则外,我们还要注意: 1、表示时间、重量、价格等的词或词组当句子的主语时,尽管它们是复数形式,谓语都用单数形式。Two months is a long time. 2、动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Reading in the sun isn’t good for eyes. 3、and 连接两个单词做主语时,要看表示的意义来决定谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式。 4、many a意为许多,但因后面的是单数名词谓语动词用单数形式,这类的词大多数情况都用单数形式。 More Practice: Fill the blanks with the right forms. 1.Australia _____(be) an extremely rich country. 2.What ______(be) advertisements made? 3.If anybody ________(call) ,tell him I’ll be back later. 4.Something ______(be ) wrong with your watch. 5.He as well as I ______(be ) a football fan. 6.Nobody but Tom and Kate ______(be ) there yesterday.
高考英语专题主谓一致知识点易错题汇编及答案解析 一、选择题 1．As long as there are still flames inside the museum, no one but member of the fire department ______ to go inside. A．is allowed B．has been allowed C．are allowed D．have been allowed 2．At the foot of the hill ________ a big lake surrounded by trees. A．lays B．is laying C．lies D．is lying 3．Wine is the world's favorite drink enjoyed on almost every occasion where great times_________ with friends. A．are being shared B．is shared C．shares D．share 4．_____ of the students who took part in the military training is 450. A．A number B．A lot C．A few D．The number 5．In addition to John and Helen, their cousin ______ visit us next month. A．is coming to B．are coming to C．are to D．is likely 6．Susan, as well as her friends, ______ a warm welcome when they arrived yesterday. A．is given B．are given C．were given D．was given 7．Every possible means ________ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear. A．is used B．are used C．have used D．has been used 8．Typically, with high-status and well-paid jobs ________ far more pressure than assumed. A．are coming B．is coming C．come D．comes 9．We admire Susan for her persistence, the only one of the young girls who __________ in the rock band for 3 years so far. A．played B．play C．have played D．has played 10．About _______ of the workers in that steel works _______ young people. A．third-fifths; are B．three-fifths; are C．three-fifths; is D．third-fifths; is 11．Between the two streets _______ a modem building where you can see many famous brands of clothes. A．have B．has C．stand D．stands 12．Linda, together with her brothers, _______spending the holiday in Chile when the strong earthquake broke out. A．was B．were C．is D．are 13．The coach, together with his players, __________ to the party held last Friday night, aiming to celebrate their win in the match. A．was invited B．were invited C．has been invited D．have been invited 14．Not only the students but also the teacher ______ against the plan in yesterday's meeting. A．is B．was C．are D．were 15．No one in the department but Tom and I ______ that the director is going to resign.
高考英语新主谓一致知识点难题汇编及答案 一、选择题 1．I was _______ with my son about his carelessness, which _______ the main cause of his failure in math. A．annoyed; were B．amazed; was C．amazing; were D．annoyed; was 2．The people trapped in the ruins ____________ that rescue teams ____________ here without delay. A．desire; are sent B．desiring; were sent C．desire; be sent D．desiring; be sent 3．A saying goes_____ all work and no play___________ Jack a dull boy. A．that; makes B．which; makes C．that; make D．which; make 4．In addition to John and Helen, their cousin ______ visit us next month. A．is coming to B．are coming to C．are to D．is likely 5．The fact that so many people still smoke in public places____ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A．suggest B．suggests C．suggested D．suggesting 6．Neither Mary nor her parents ________ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot. A．has informed B．have informed C．has been informed D．have been informed 7．John is one of the best writers who ______ published a lot of books. A．has B．have C．have been D．are 8．Actually, the garden, as well as the trees around it, a man living across the street. A．is belonged to B．are belonged to C．belongs to D．belong to 9．E-mail as well as telephones ______ more and more popular in daily communication. A．have become B．become C．are becoming D．is becoming 10．A great number of small power stations _____ up in their province since 1960. A．are set B．have set C．have been set D．will have been set 11．As long as there are still flames inside the museum, no one but member of the fire department ______ to go inside. A．is allowed B．has been allowed C．are allowed D．have been allowed 12．Linda, together with her brothers, _______spending the holiday in Chile when the strong earthquake broke out. A．was B．were C．is D．are 13．Nowadays the growth of food delivery apps in China ______ the country with takeout containers and plastic A．have drowned B．has been drowned C．is drowning D．are drowned 14．—Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?
高考英语-主谓一致-知识点考点全梳理 主谓一致的讲解 语法意义的一致 1，金额，距离，体积，重量，面积，数量，国家，人名，机构，事件，作品时，单数 Two dollars is enough 两美元是足够的 Two meters is long 两米很长 Two kilos is heavy 两公斤很重 Twenty-one is a big number 21是一个很大的数字 The United States is a big country 美国是一个大的国家 2,非谓语动词： Reading books is good for you 阅读书对你来说很好 To study English well is necessary去学习好英语是很有必要的。 2，不定代词： No one is here 没有一个人在这里
3，人类，世界上的人类 Only man thinks how to be better 只有人类才思考如何变得更好。 4，其他用法 1，Many a singer has been here 许多歌手都到过这里。 2，More than one boy has the book 不止一个男孩有这本书 3，More boys than one does housework at home不止一个男孩在家都是做家务的。 4，One and a half apples is here 还有一个半的苹果在这里。 5，a boy or two has been here 一两个学生到过这里。 5，one or two boys have been here 一两个学生到过这里 谓语复数： 1，集体名词： The police are chasing the thief 警察正在追捕这个小偷 2，专有名词： The Himalayas is a big mountain喜马拉雅是一个很大的山。 3，the 加形容词（国家的，民族的）
英语主谓一致专题训练答案及解析 一、主谓一致 1．—It’s a pity that my teachers parents allow me to swim alone. —After all you are too young, safety first. A．either...or B．neither… nor C．both...and D．not only...but also 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——很遗憾，我的老师和父母都不允许我独自游泳。——毕竟你还太小，安全第一。 考查不定代词辨析。A. 要么……要么，表示二者择其一；B. 既不……也不，表示两者都不； C. …和…（两者）都； D. 不仅……而且。根据回答After all you are too young, safety first.可知老师和父母都不允许我独自游泳，故选B。 2．There is only one position. The boss has to choose Jack Tom to be a manager. A．both; and B．neither; nor C．either; or D．not only; but also 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：只有一个位置，老板必须选择或者杰克或者汤姆作为经理。根据句意因为只有一个位置，结合选项，推测意思是老板不得不选择杰克或汤姆当经理，即固定短语either…or…，或者…或者，故答案选C。 点睛：A. both; and两者都…，连接两个不同的词语作主语时，谓语动词用复数；B. neither; nor既不…也不…；C. either; or或者…或者…；D. not only; but also不仅…而且…；B、C、D三个选项在连接两个不同的词语作主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，就是我们所说的“就近原则”。本题根据句意可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。 3．There a basketball game between Class 8 and Class 12 tomorrow afternoon. A．is B．has C．will be D．will have 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：明天下午在8班和12班之间将有一场篮球比赛。A. is是，单数；B. has有，第三人称单数；C. will be将是；D. will have将有。这里是there be句型，不能出现have/has，排除BD；根据时间状语tomorrow afternoon.可知用一般将来时，其结构是there will be+主语+介词短语。根据题意，故选C。 4．Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution. It _______ people _____ about their health.
高考英语新主谓一致知识点易错题汇编及答案解析 一、选择题 1．Regular exercise along with proper diets____our health in the long term. A．benefits B．has benefited C．benefit D．have benefited 2．When and where we shall bulid a larger home for the aged ________ to be discussed by the local government. A．remains B．remain C．is remained D．are remaining 3．The father,along with his four children,_____hangzhou.When they will be back_____fixed. A．have gone to;isn’t B．had gone to;is not C．went to;aren’t D．has gone to;has not been 4．On arriving home from the ancient city with a high level of civilization, the archaeologist unpacked his suitcase and was greatly amazed to see the silver-plated cup and saucer _____ still in _____ good shape. A．was; a B．were; a C．was; /D．were; / 5．Every possible means ________ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear. A．is used B．are used C．have used D．has been used 6．Actually, the garden, as well as the trees around it, a man living across the street. A．is belonged to B．are belonged to C．belongs to D．belong to 7．It is reported that another new school ______ at present in the poor mountain area. A．are building B．is being built C．is building D．are being built 8．E-mail as well as telephones ______ more and more popular in daily communication. A．have become B．become C．are becoming D．is becoming 9．One-fifth of the area ________ covered with trees. About seventy percent of the trees ________ been planted recently. A．is; has B．are; have C．is; have D．are; has 10．We have decided that either you or the headmaster ______ the prize to those gifted students at the meeting tomorrow. A．is handing out B．are to hand out C．are handing out D．is to hand out 11．A great number of small power stations _____ up in their province since 1960. A．are set B．have set C．have been set D．will have been set 12．_____ of the students who took part in the military training is 450. A．A number B．A lot C．A few D．The number 13．As long as there are still flames inside the museum, no one but member of the fire department ______ to go inside. A．is allowed B．has been allowed C．are allowed D．have been allowed 14．Peter, as well as my other classmates, _____ going to attend a lecture next Sunday. A．was B．is C．are D．were 15．Once environment damage ________, it takes many years for the government to recover. A．has done B．is to do C．does D．is done 16．—How can I live my dreams in a short time?
高三英语知识点总结：主谓一致 主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football. 可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致. (一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项: 1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数. 如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质. No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。 2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我的幸福.
高二英语语法专题——主谓一致 课前短语回顾 have a bad effect on 对……有坏影响take in 吸收 give out 放出；发出in a nutshell 简言之；概括地讲 look through 浏览be at war with 与……交战 bring up 养育；抚养become interested in 对……感兴趣 be proud of 为……自豪in conclusion 总之 主谓一致 （一）主谓一致的种类 1．语法形式上的一致 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如：The number of the students present is 200. Jane and Mary look alike. 2．意义上一致 A.主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。 如：The crowd were shouting. 注意：单数形式代表复数内容的词有：people, , cattle,等。 B.主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。如：The news was so surprising. 等同：physics，politics, economics.. 3．就近原则 即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or，either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。 如：Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this. （二）主谓一致的应用 1．名词作主语
主谓一致的用法及专项练习题 一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My family is having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 3. 就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 二、主谓一致常考题型 1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。 The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 2. many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。 Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。 3. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。 Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 20英镑并不太重。 Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 10英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。 5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。 Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。
高考英语主谓一致知识点难题汇编及答案(3) 一、选择题 1．We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou, _____ my grandparents and some relatives. A．which live B．that lives C．where live D．who lives 2．_____ of the students who took part in the military training is 450. A．A number B．A lot C．A few D．The number 3．We believe ________ you have been devoted to ________ naturally of great necessity. A．that; being B．all that; be C．that all; are D．what; is 4．On arriving home from the ancient city with a high level of civilization, the archaeologist unpacked his suitcase and was greatly amazed to see the silver-plated cup and saucer _____ still in _____ good shape. A．was; a B．were; a C．was; /D．were; / 5．Actually, the garden, as well as the trees around it, a man living across the street. A．is belonged to B．are belonged to C．belongs to D．belong to 6．We have decided that either you or the headmaster ______ the prize to those gifted students at the meeting tomorrow. A．is handing out B．are to hand out C．are handing out D．is to hand out 7．Please feel free to tell me if you don’t think two days’ holiday _____ enough. A．is B．was C．are D．were 8．A great number of small power stations _____ up in their province since 1960. A．are set B．have set C．have been set D．will have been set 9．As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that ________ to us. A．present B．are presenting C．are presented D．have presented 10．— How does Jane put on so much weight? — Large quantities of fat ____ recently. A．are consumed B．is being consumed C．has been consumed D．have been consumed 11．The dictionary as well as the grammar books that ________ bookmarks in them ________ Jane. A．has; belong to B．have; belongs to C．have; is belonged to D．has; are belonged to 12．Linda, together with her brothers, _______spending the holiday in Chile when the strong earthquake broke out. A．was B．were C．is D．are 13．Tom, as well as his friends who________ football, _________very popular among the students. A．likes; are B．likes; is C．like; is D．like; are 14．The number of teenagers who commit crimes _________ 20% over the past years.
主谓一致 动词是表示动作或状态的词。动词在句中充当谓语时，它的形式要受主语的限制，要和它在人称和数上一致， 因此常称为动词的限定形式，这种形式主要表现在： 1 ．人称上与主语一致 2 ．与主语在数上一致 3 ．时态变化( 表示动作发生时间) 4 ．语态( 表示主语是做动作的人或物) 5 . 语气( 表示说话人认为这句话是事实，是要求做的事还是假想的事) 一. 名词做主语时的主谓一致 1. 名词作主语，是单数时谓语动词用单数，是复数时谓语动词用复数。 2. 其中集合名词情况需另外鉴别，一些单复数同形的词需根据上下文确定其单复数含义，再配合动词； The football team consists of 20 players. The football team are having a bath now. 常见的这部分名词有: army, audience, class, club, committee, company, crowd, couple, family, group, government, jury, party, personnel, staff, team, union, public等. 有些集合名词如: folk, people, police, youth等, 总是跟复数动词形式. The police have caught the murderer. PS: people 意为民族，种族时，有单复数之分;police 意为“警察机关”时，可用作单数。 The Chinese people is a greet people. 3. 单复数同形的名词作主语, 要根据意义来决定谓语的形式. 常见的这部分名词有: aircraft, deer, fish, means, sheep, species, series, works headquarters 等 The species of fish are numerous. This species of rose is very rare. Every means has been tried. The means of communication between here and outside are interrupted. [规则一] 如果名词后面跟有as well as, like, together with, including, no less than( 不少于，多达）, rather than, as much as, accompanied by, in company with, besides, but, except, in addition to, along with 等词时，其谓语动词与这些名词前面那个名词的数一致。例如： Mr. Smith, together with his wife, is to arrive. A library with five thousand books is offered to that nation as a gift. All but one were here just now. [规则二] 复数名词用作专有名词时，用单数谓语。例如： The United States was founded in 1776. His Selected Works was published in 1957. [规则三] 表示由两部分构成的物体的名词，如：glasses ，gloves ，jeans ，pants ，scales ，scissors ，trousers 等，若被 a pair of修饰，用单数；如果pair为复数，谓语用复数。例如： Here is a pair of glasses. Three pairs of scissors are lying in the drawer. [规则四] 以定冠词+形容词(或分词) 做主语，是形容词的名词化用法。如果指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数形式；如果指的是抽象概念（一类不可数的事物）时，则谓语动词用单数。例如：
最新英语主谓一致专项训练100(附答案) 一、主谓一致 1．Neither Suzy nor I afraid of making a speech in public now. A．am B．are C．is D．were 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：现在无论是苏西还是我都害怕公开演讲。Neither … nor既不……也不，当连接并列主语时，要遵循就近原则，所以选A。 考点：考查主谓一致。 2．（两者之中）每一方的;每一的 She studied history and philosophy, but she had little interest in either subject. 她学过历史和哲学,但对这两门课都没有多少兴趣。 代词 pron. 3．_____ Tom_____Maria loves this sport. A．Both, and B．Not only, but also C．But, and D．Both, or 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 试题分析：句意：不仅汤姆，玛丽亚也喜欢这个运动。Both…and…“两者都……”，连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；Not only…but also… “不仅……而且……”，连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。谓语动词用“loves”,所以选择B。 考点: 考查连词的用法。 4．Look, the set of keys _ _on the teacher's desk. A．are B．were C．is D．was 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意:看，这串钥匙在老师的桌子上。根据句意可知，这句话的主语是the set of keys，强调的是一串钥匙，因此谓语动词应该用单数形式，根据句意，这里应该用一般现在时态。故选C。 考点：考查动词。 5．There a basketball match between class one and class three this afternoon. A．is going to be B．will have C．are going to be D．is going to have. 【答案】A
最新命题题库2005高考英语试题分项解析汇编专题12 数 词与主谓一致 专题12 数词与主谓一致 third of the country ______covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_______black people. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is 【答案】A 【考点】考查主谓一致。 【解析】整个国家为整体，三分之一的部分当然也应用单数；而the majority of citizens 主要指人，是可数名词，此时的谓语动词用复数，表示“大多数，大部分”。 which _____ saved for other purposes. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】D 【考点】考查主谓一致和时态。 【解析】定语从句中先行词是the raw materials，故定语从句应与先行词数的一致，用复数，上文时态为过去式，故选D。句意为：工厂用了这种原材料的65%，剩余部分节省出来作他用。 to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have 【答案】C 【考点】主谓一致 【解析】根据动名词短语作主语, 句子的谓语动词用单数形式, 由此排除B、D两项, 根据主语与caused的主动关系, 排除A项 Such poets as Shakespeare widely read, of whose works, however, some difficult to understand. A. are；are B. is；is C. are；is D. is：are 【答案】A 【考点】考查主谓一致。 【解析】主句中的主语应为poets, 谓语动词用复数, 其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应为some of whose works, 谓语动词也应是复数。故选A。 is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who _______ evening dress. A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn 【答案】B 【考点】考查主谓一致和时态。