A
ability
able
about above abroad absence absent accept acceptable accident accidental according (to) account achieve achievement acid
across
act
action active activity
actor actress actual actually
add addition additional address adjective admiration admire admit
adult advanced advantage adventure adverb advertise advertisement advice advise
affair
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afraid
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ago
agree agreement
ahead
aim
air
aircraft
airport
alcohol
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all
allow
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alphabet
already
also
although
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amount
amuse
amusement
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ancient
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anger
angle
angry
animal
announce
annoy
annoying
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answer
anxiety
anxious
any
anyone
anything
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apart
apartment
appear
appearance
apple
approval
approve
area
argue
argument
arm
army
around
arrange
arrangement
arrival
arrive
art
article
artificial
as
as opposed to
ashamed
ask
asleep
association
at
atom
attack
attempt
attend
attention
attitude
attract
attractive
authority
autumn
available
average
avoid
awake
away
awkward
B
baby
back
background
backward(s)
bad
bag
bake
balance
ball
band
bank
bar
base
basic
basket
bath
battle
be
beach
beak
beam
bean
bear
beat
beautiful
beauty
because
become
bed
beer
before
begin
beginning
behave
behavior
behind
belief
believe
bell
belong
below
belt
bend
beneath
beside(s)
best
better
between
beyond
bicycle
big
bill
bird
birth
bit
bite
bitter
black
blade
blame
blind
block
blood
blow
blue
board
boat
body
boil
bomb
bone
book
boot
border
bored
boring
born borrow both
bottle bottom bowl box
boy
brain branch brave bread break breakfast breast breath breathe breed brick bright bring broad broadcast brother brown brush build building bullet burn burst bury
bus bush business busy
but
butter button buy
by
C
cake
calculate call calm camera camp can
cap
capital car
card care
careful
careless
carriage
carry
case
castle
cat
catch
cattle
cause
ceiling
celebrate
cell
central
centre
century
ceremony
certain
chain
chair
chance
change
character
charge
chase
cheap
cheat
check
cheek
cheerful
cheese
chemical
chemistry
check
chest
chicken
chief
child
children
chin
chocolate
choice
choose
church
cigarette
cinema
circle
circular
citizen
city
claim
class
clay
clean
clear
clever
cliff
climb
clock
close
cloth
clothes
clothing
cloud
club
coal
coast
coat
coffee
coin
cold
collar
collect
college
color
comb
combination
combine
come
comfort
comfortable
command
committee
common
communicate
communication
company
compare
comparison
compete
competition
competitor
complain
complaint
complete
completely
complicated
compound
computer
concern
concerning
concert
condition
confidence
confident
confuse
confusing
connect
connection
conscious
consider
consist
contain
container
continue
continuous
contract
control
conversation
cook
copy
corn
corner
correct
cost
cotton
cough
could
council
count
country
countryside
courage
course
court
cover
cow
crack
crash
crazy
cream
creature
crime
criminal
criticism
criticize
crop
cross
crowd
cruel
crush
cry
cup
cupboard
cure
curl
current
curtain
curve
custom
customer
cut
cycle
D
daily damage dance danger dangerous dark
date daughter day
dead
deal
deal with death
debt
decay deceive decide decision decorate decoration decrease deep
defeat defense defend definite definitely degree delay deliberate deliberately delicate deliver demand department depend dependent depth describe description desert deserve design desirable desire
desk destroy destruction detail determination determined
develop
dictionary
die
difference
different
difficult
difficulty
dig
dinner
direct
direction
dirt
dirty
disappoint
disappointing
discover
discovery
discuss
discussion
disease
dish
dismiss
distance
distant
divide
do
doctor
document
dog
dollar
door
double
doubt
down
draw
drawer
dream
dress
drink
drive
drop
drug
drum
drunk
dry
duck
dull
during
dust
duty
E
each
eager
ear
early
earn
earth
east
eastern
easy
eat
economic
edge
educate
educated
education
effect
effective
effort
egg
eight
either
elbow
elect
election
electric
electricity
electronic
else
embarrass
embarrassing
emotion
emphasize
employ
employer
employment
empty ax/j
enclose
encourage
end
enemy
energy
engine
engineer
enjoy
enjoyable
enjoyment
enough
enter
entertain
entertainment
entrance
envelope
environment
equal
equipment
escape
especially
establish
even
evening
event
ever
every
everyone
everything
everywhere
evil
exact
exactly
examination
examine
example
excellent
except
exchange
excite
exciting
excuse
exercise
exist
existence
expect
expensive
experience
explain
explanation
explode
explosion
explosive
express
expression
extreme
extremely
eye
F
face
fact
factory
fail
failure
fair
fairly
faith
faithful
fall
false
familiar
family
famous
far
farm farmer fashion fashionable fast fasten
fat
father fault favorable favorite fear feather feature feed
feel feeling(s) female fence fever
few
field
fifth
fight figure
fill
film
final finally financial find
find out fine finger finish
fire
firm
first
fish
fit
five
fix
flag flame flash
flat
flesh flight
float
flood
floor
flour flow
flower
fly
fold
follow
fond
food
foot
football
for
force
foreign
foreigner
forest
forget
forgive
fork
form
formal
former
fortunate
forward(s)
four(th)
frame
free
freedom
freeze
frequent
fresh
friend
friendly
frighten
frightening
from
front adz
fruit
full
fun
funeral
funny
fur
furniture
further
future
G
gain
game
garage
garden
gas
gate
gather
general
generally
generous
gentle
gentleman
get
gift
girl
give
glad
glass
glue
go o
goat
god
gold
good
goodbye
goods
govern
government
graceful
gradual
grain
gram
grammar
grand
grandfather
grandmother
grandparent
grass
grateful
grave
great
green
greet
greeting
grey
ground
group
grow
growth
guard
guess
guest
guide
guilty
gun
H
habit
hair
half
hall
hammer
hand
handle
hang
happen
happy
hard
hardly
harm
harmful
hat
hate
hatred
have
he
head
health
healthy
hear
heart
heat
heaven
heavy
heel
height
hello
help
helpful
her(s)
here
herself
hide o
high
hill
him
himself
his
historical
history
hit
hold
hole
holiday
hollow
holy
home
honest
honor
hook
hope
hopeful
horn
horse
hospital
hot
hotel
hour
house
how human humorous humor hundred(th) hungry hunt
hurry
hurt husband
I
ice
idea
if
ignore
ill
illegal illness image imaginary imagination imagine immediately importance important impressive improve improvement in
include including income increase independent indoor(s) industrial industry infect refection Infectious influence inform information injure
m jury
ink
inner insect inside Instead institution
instruction
instrument
insult
insulting
insurance
insure
intelligence
intelligent
intend
intention
interest
interesting
international
interrupt
into
introduce
introduction
invent
invitation
invite
involve
inwards
iron
island
it
its
J
jaw
jewel
jeweler
job
join
joint
joke
journey
judge
judgment
juice
jump
just
justice
K
keen
keep
key
kick
kin
kilo
kilogram
kilometer
kind
king
kiss
kitchen
knee
kneel
knife
knock
knot
know
knowledge
L
lack
lady
lake
lamb
lamp'
land
language
large
last
late
lately
laugh
laughter
law
lawyer
lay
layer
lazy
lead
leaf
lean
learn
least
leather
leave
left
leg
legal
lend
length
less
lesson
let
let go of
letter
level
library
lid
lie
lie down
life
lift
light
like
likely
limit
line
lion
lip
liquid
list
listen
literature
liter
little
live
load
local
lock
lonely
long
look
look
look after
look for
look sth up
loose
lord
lose
loss
lot
loud
love
low
lower
loyal
loyalty
luck
lucky
lung
M
machine
machinery
magazine
magic
main
make
make into
make up
male
man
manage
manager
manner
many
map
march
mark market marriage married marry
mass
match material mathematics matter
may
me
meal
mean meaning means measure measurement meat medical medicine meet meeting melt member memory mental mention message metal method meter middle might
mile military
milk
million(th) mind
mine mineral minister minute mirror
miss
mist mistake
mix mixture model modern moment
money
monkey
month
moon
moral
more
morning
most
mother
motor
mountain
mouse
mouth
move
movement
much
mud
multiply
murder
muscle-
music
musician
must
my
mysterious
mystery
N
nail
name
narrow
nasty
nation
national
natural
nature
navy
near
nearly
neat
necessary
neck
need
needle
negative
neither
nerve
nervous
net
network
never
new
news
newspaper
next
nice
night
nine
ninth
no
noise
none
nonsense
no one
nor
normal
north
northern
nose
not
note
nothing
notice
noticeable
noun
now
nowhere
number
nurse
nut
O
obey
object
obtain
occasion
ocean
o'clock
of
off
offence
offend
offensive
offer
office
officer
official
often
oil
old
old-fashioned
on
once
one
onion
only
only just
onto
open
operate
operation
opinion
opponent
opportunity
oppose
as opposed to
opposite
opposition
or
orange
order
ordinary
organ
organize
organization
origin
original
other
ought
our(s)
out
outdoor(s)
outer
outside
over
owe
own
owner
oxygen
P
pack
package
page
pain
painful
paint
painting
pair
pale
pan
paper
parallel
parent
park
parliament
part
participle
particular
partly
partner
party
pass passage passenger past
path patient pattern pause
pay payment peace peaceful pen
pence pencil people pepper
per cent perfect perform performance perhaps period permanent permission person personal persuade pet
petrol photograph phrase physical piano
pick
pick up picture piece
pig
pile
pilot
pin
pink
pipe
pity
place
plain
plan
plane
plant plastic plate
play pleasant
please
pleased
pleasure
plenty
plural
poem
poet
poetry
point
pointed
poison
poisonous
pole
police
polish
polite
political
politician
politics
pool
poor
popular
population
port
position
positive
possess
possession
possible
possibly
possibility
post
pot
potato
pound
pour
powder
power
powerful
practical
practice
practice
praise
pray
prayer
prefer
preparation
prepare
present
preserve
president
press
pressure
pretend
pretty
prevent
previous
price
priest
prince
principle
prison
prisoner
private
prize
probably
problem
process
produce
product
production
profession
profit
program
progress
promise
pronounce
pronunciation
proof
proper
property
proposal
protect
protection
protective
protest
proud
prove
provide
public
pull
pump
punish
punishment
pupil
pure
purple
purpose
push
put
Q
quality
quantity
quarrel
quarter
queen
question
quick
quiet
quite
R
rabbit
race
radio
railway
rain
raise
range
rank
rapid
rare
rat
rate
rather
raw
reach
react
reaction
read
ready
real
realize
really
reason
reasonable
receive
recent
recently
recognize
record
red
reduce
reduction
refusal
refuse
regard
regular
related
relative
relation
relationship
relax
relaxing
religion
religious
remain
remark
remember remind remove
rent
repair
repeat
replace
reply
report represent representative request respect responsible rest restaurant restrict result
return reward
rice
rich
rid
ride
right
ring
rise
risk
river
road
rob
rock
roll romantic
roof
room
root
rope
rose
rough
round
row
royal
rub
rubber
rude
ruin
rule
ruler
run
rush
S
sad
safe safety
sail
sale
salt
same
sand
satisfaction
satisfactory
satisfy
save
say
scale
scatter
scene
school
science
scientific
scientist
scissors
screen
screw
sea
search
season
seat
second
secret
secretary
see
seed
seem
sell
send
sense
sensible
sensitive
sentence
separate
series
serious
servant
serve
service
set
settle
seven(th)
several
severe
sex
sexual
shade
shadow
shake
shall
shame
shape
share
sharp
she
sheep
sheet
shelf
shell
shelter
shine
shiny
ship
shirt
shock
shocking
shoe
shoot
shop
shore
short
shot
should
shoulder
shout
show
shut
shy
sick
side
sideways
sight
sign
signal
silence
silent
silk
silly
silver
similar
simple
since
sincere
sing
single
singular
sink
sister
sit
situation
six(th)
size
skilful
skill
skin
skirt
sky
sleep
slide
slight
slippery
slope
slow
small
smell
smile
smoke
smooth
snake
snow
so
soap
social
society
sock
soft
soil
soldier
solid
solution
solve
some
somehow
someone
something
sometimes
somewhere
son
song
soon
sore
sorry
sort
soul
sound
soup
sour
south
southern
space
speak
special
specific
speech
speed
spell
spend
spin
spirit
in spite of split spoil spoon sport spot spread spring square stage stair stamp stand standard star
start state statement station stay steady steal steam steel steep stem step stick sticky stiff
still
sting stitch stomach stone stop store storm story straight strange stream street strength stretch strict strike string strong structure struggle student study stupid
style
subject
substance
succeed
success
successful
such
suck
sudden
suffer
sugar
suggest
suit
suitable
sum
summer
sun
supply o
support
suppose
sure
surface
surprise
surprising
surround o
swallow
swear
sweep
sweet
swell
swim
swing
sword
sympathetic
sympathy
system
T
table
tail
take
talk
tall
taste
tax
taxi
tea
teach
team
tear
technical
telephone
television
tell
temper
temperature
temporary
ten
tend
tendency
tennis
tense
tent
terrible
test
than
thank
that
the
theatre
their(s)
them
then
there
therefore
these
they
thick
thief
thin
thing
think
third
this
thorough
those
though
thought
thousand(th)
thread
threat
threaten
threatening
three
throat
through
throw
thumb
ticket
tidy
tie
tight
time
tired
tiring
title
to
tobacco
today
toe
together
toilet
tomorrow
tongue
tonight
too
tool
tooth
top
total
touch
tourist
towards'
tower
town
toy
track
trade
traditional
traffic
train
training
translate
transparent
trap
travel
treat
treatment
tree
tribe
trick
trip
tropical
trouble
trousers
true
trust
truth
try
tube
tune
turn
twice
twist
two
type
typical
tire
U
ugly
under understand underwear
undo unexpected uniform union
unit
unite universe university unless
until
unusual
up
upper upright upset upside down upstairs urgent
US
use
useful
useless
usual
V
valley
valuable
value variety various vegetable vehicle verb
very
victory view village violence violent
visit
voice
vote
vowel
W
wages
waist
wait
wake
walk
wall want
war
warm
warmth
warn
warning
wash
waste
watch
water
wave
way
we
weak
wealth
weapon
wear o
weather
weave
wedding
week
weigh
weight
welcome
well
west
western
wet
what
whatever
wheat
wheel
when
whenever
where
whether
which
while
whip
whistle
white
who
whole
whose
why
wide
width
wife
wild
will
willing
win
wind
window
wine
wing
winter
wire
wise
wish
with
within
without
woman
wood
wooden
wool
word
work
world
worry
worse
worst
worth
would
wound
wrap
wrist
write
wrong
Y
year
yellow
yes
yet
you
young
your(s)
Z
zero
A ability able about above abroad absence absent accept acceptable accident accidental according (to) account achieve achievemen t acid across act action active activity actor actress actual actually add addition additional address adjective admiration admire admit adult advanced advantage adventure adverb advertise advertisem ent advice advise affair affect afford afraid after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreement ahead aim air aircraft airport alcohol alive all allow almost alone along alphabet already also although always among amount amuse amusement amusing an ancient and anger angle angry animal announce annoy annoying another answer anxiety anxious any anyone anything anywhere apart apartment appear appearance apple approval approve area argue argument arm army around
a ability about above abroad absence absent accept acceptable accident accordance according according to account ache acid across act action active activity actor actress actual add addition address adjective admiration admire admit admittance adult advance advantage adventure adverb advertise advertisement advice advise affair afford Longman 2200 afraid after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreement ahead aim air aircraft airforce airport alcohol alike alive all allow almost alone along aloud alphabet already also although altogether always among amount amuse amusement amusing an ancient and anger angle angry animal ankle annoy annoyance another answer ant anxiety anxious any anyhow anyone anything anywhere apart apparatus appear appearance apple appoint approval approve arch area argue argument arm armor arms army around arrange arrangement arrival arrive art article artificial as ash ashamed aside ask asleep
任何语言都是由词汇构成的, 词汇是最小的语言单位。在英汉翻译活动中, 词汇也起了不可估量的作用。成功的译作必须以正确的选词为基础。由于英汉两种语言的文化背景、所属语系、构词方法和表达方式的差异以及一词多义现象的存在, 导致了两种语言在表达同一思想时选词的差异。因此, 为了确切地表达原文, 必须在目标语中选择适当的词。选词必须遵循一定的标准要求, 鉴于此, 本文拟对有关的标准要求作进一步的探讨。 关于选词的标准, 历来各家各派众说纷纭, 但准确( f idelity )、简洁( conciseness )、生动(gracefu lness) 三点则是公认的。当然某词语用得是否符合标准要求, 不可孤立地从词语本身的含义上着眼, 还要看其具体使用场合以及同其它词语的搭配等。 准确就是要根据使用场合选用确切的词语来如实地反映客观实际。单个的词语一般都能如实地反映客观实际, 除非这个词反映了那些客观上不存在的事物, 如“神仙”“妖怪”“永动机”等。在翻译过程中, 一些译者往往受母语的影响, 选择了不能如实反映客观实际的词语, 此时, 就要加以必要的修改, 选择最准确的表达方式。 在我国, 自古以来就有无数文人墨客恪守此训, 唐代大诗人杜甫“为人性僻耽佳句, 语不惊人死不休”和贾岛因“推敲”二字的斟酌而被传为佳话。翻译家们也务求词语选择的精练和准确, 朱生豪“每译一段, 必先自拟为读者, 察阅译文中有无暧昧不明之处。又必自拟为舞台上之演员, 审辨语调之否顺口, 音节之否调和。一字一句之未惬, 往往苦思累日。”傅雷则说:“《老实人》的译文前后改过八道。”[ 1 ] 例1: 贾母一语未了, 只听得后院中有人笑声说??
朗文词典2000基础词汇 A ability about above abroad absence absent accept acceptable accident accordance according account ache acid across act action active activity actor actress actual add addition address adjective admiration admire admit admittance adult advance advantage adventure adverb advertise advertisement advice advise affair afford afraid after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreement ahead aim air aircraft airforce airport alcohol alike alive all allow almost alone along aloud alphabet already also although altogether always among amount amuse amusement amusing an ancient and anger angle angry animal ankle annoy annoyance another answer ant anxiety anxious any anyhow anyone anything anywhere apart apparatus appear appearance apple appoint approval approve arch area argue argument arm armor arms army around arrange arrangement arrival arrive art article artificial as ash ashamed aside ask asleep association at atom attack attempt attend attendance attention attract attractive aunt autumn average avoid awake away awkward B baby back background backward backwards bacteria bad bag bake balance ball banana band bank bar bare
朗文词典2000基础词汇 a ability about above abroad absence absent accept acceptable accident accordance according account ache acid across act action active activity actor actress actual add addition address adjective admiration admire admit admittance adult advance advantage adventure adverb advertise advertisement advice advise affair afford afraid after afternoon afterwards again against age ago agree agreement ahead aim air aircraft airforce airport alcohol alike alive all allow almost alone along aloud alphabet already also although altogether always among amount amuse amusement amusing an ancient and anger angle angry animal ankle annoy annoyance another answer ant anxiety anxious any anyhow anyone anything anywhere apart apparatus appear appearance apple appoint approval approve arch area argue argument arm armor arms army around arrange arrangement arrival arrive art article artificial as ash ashamed aside ask asleep association at atom attack attempt attend attendance attention attract attractive aunt autumn average avoid awake away awkward b baby back background backward backwards bacteria bad bag bake balance ball banana band bank bar bare barrel base basket
想象一下，我们说汉语这么多年，才会多少个汉字？我打开汉语字典，以上都不认识？但是，这不耽误我交流？所以，英美国家用于交流地词汇也太多？另外，英语中除了人名和地名外，以上地词汇是外来语，这些外来语来自于拉丁语系地词汇，也有来自于德语，背过词汇地人感觉自己很厉害了，地出题范围是美国人认可地主流单词（以韦氏字典为准）总数，若去除词性转变和不可能考地单词地话，还有习语、俚语、行话、等大约有万个，可是英语到底有多少单词？说出来吓你一大跳？万千百个，这是一个叫做组织发布地.但这些单词里地单词是永远也用不到地，就算你把地单词都背地滚瓜烂熟，也没有什么用，因为那些单词也就是考试中能用到，在日常生活中是用不到，所以，当你长时间不用那些单词地话，随着年龄地增长也就慢慢遗忘了. 中国单词量最大地学者，应该是新东方集团地董事长俞敏洪老师，词汇书就是他编写地，我听过他地访谈节目，他词汇量最大地时候，达万多，一本朗文字典和一本牛津字典全部背完，但是，他声称由于许多单词在日常生活中都用不到，慢慢地就剩一两万了，这个例子就说明，花了年地时间，花大量努力所背地单词，除了日常地单词以外，其他不经常用地将全部忘掉，我们背，托福，雅思这么难地单词就是为了考试，而不是为了和外国人交流.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 如果你用那些词汇跟外国人交流地话，老外可能都听不懂，英美人士也就用千个词汇来交流，他们不会花时间背那么多地单词来考试，大家想一下，谁花过时间来背汉语地新华字典，为了在语文考试中取得高分呢？所以，我地观点是，除非你背大量地单词就是为了参加出国留学地考试，要不然一点用都没有，否则，如果你能灵活地掌握个词汇都够用于和外国人流利地日常交流啦！其实，英语中最核心地词汇就万多个，如果你能掌握这一万多个词汇，你地英语水平走到哪里都够用了！文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 由亿多词地世界上最大地英语语料库产生地，个常用词为英语地核心词汇，参照著名地英语教学语料库（），选定这，个单词为英语中最核心重要地词汇，这些单词主要收录于世界上最权威地英语字典，在词典中出现频率最高地单词地后面会由五个菱形地符号来表示，菱形越少，表示单词使用地频率越低，，总共有个五个菱形地词汇，个四个菱形地词汇，个三个菱形地词汇，个二个菱形地词汇，个一个菱形地词汇，单词后面没有菱形地词汇，就是一些地名，学名，专业术语或根本不重要，没有必要掌握地词汇，所以根据这本字典便可以知道哪些词汇必须掌握，哪些不用掌握，五个菱形地词汇就是必须灵活掌握地，他们在英语中地使用频率达到，一个菱形地词汇就是可会可不会地词汇.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 所以，我地理论焦点就是，只要掌握这个单词，英语能力就可以说一辈子都够用了，走到世界任何地方都可以得到施展了，但是掌握这些单词并不是一件容易事，可能一提到单词，大家就联想背，因为传统教育地唯一方法就是背，即使我把这个核心词汇全列举出来，够你背几年地,等你背完最后一个单词地时候，前面背地都忘记了，因为英语能力地提高绝对不是靠背地.文档收集自网络，仅用于个人学习 我们违背大脑记忆地规律，一味地背下去，只会使大脑越来越疲惫，对英语地怠慢性越来越严重，所以，很多英语学习者在尝试很多方法后，如果还没成功地话，将会彻底放弃对英语地继续学习，因为我们学习地机制就是离不开死记硬背，如果你能从今天就不再死记硬背地话，你就成功一半了，英语不是攻读地对象,而是熟悉地对象,在我学习<<千万别学英语>>地时候,我才真正了解这个理论,作者说,英语是,也就是说英语不是靠硬学硬背地,而是靠不断地熟悉和接触，从而触类旁通或潜移默化掌握地，绝对不是背地，我认为《千万别学英语》是我学过最好地学习法，但连第一阶段都没通过，所以，我不能评论这个方法，但是，我在《千万别学英语》地理论基础上进行创新，并且融合了位英语界权威人士地理论，才创造出我自己地理论，我这本书很大层次上可以说是《千万别学英语》地升级版本，不管怎么样，
说明： 1.分别单列出“口语”中最常使用的前1000,2000,3000的单词，每部分进一步按书面语的词频排序。 2.对于在口语词汇中未出现的，书面语中的前1000,2000,3000的剩余单词，也随后列出。 往往越基本的词汇词义越多，使用也更灵活，当然也最重要，让我们把最多的时间花在最重要的单词上。百度yuxiangdui 注： S = Spoken English W = Written English 1,2,3分别表示词频前1000,2000,3000，S4表示不在口语前3000中，W4表示不在书面语前3000中 排序方式： S1W1 S1W2 S1W3 S1W4 S2W1 S2W2 S2W3 S2W4 S3W1 S3W2 S3W3 S3W4 W1S4 W2S4 W3S4 【S1W1】 a indefinite article,determiner S1, W1 able adj S1, W1 about prep S1, W1 about adv S1, W1 accept v S1, W1 account n S1, W1 across adv, prep S1, W1 act n S1, W1 action n S1, W1 actually adv S1, W1 add v S1, W1 after prep, conj, adv S1, W1 again adv S1, W1 against prep S1, W1 age n S1, W1 ago adv S1, W1 agree v S1, W1 air n S1, W1 all determiner, predeterminer, pron S1, W1 all adv S1, W1 allow v S1, W1 almost adv S1, W1 along adv S1, W1 along prep S1, W1 already adv S1, W1 also adv S1, W1
词汇学习是英语学习的基本功，英语解构学习法认为词汇是英语学习的第一阶梯，没有这一级的坚实基础，读写听说都无从谈起。词汇对考研的准备来说尤为重要，每年的考研试题都有一定量的超纲词汇，所以可以说词汇准备的好坏直接决定考研的成败。那么，如何有效的进行词汇学习呢？ 首先，对词汇学习的态度决定词汇学习的质量。词汇乃是英语学习的第一大敌，无论从战略上还是战术上都要给予足够的重视。其中包括； 1)对大纲规定词汇的研究(注意我说的是研究，不是拿来就背)，要将其中的动词以及其他不熟悉释义的词汇结合权威词典(如朗文英汉1995 版、新英汉词典、牛津中阶英汉词典2000 版等)的释义进行熟记； 2)要研究历年考试题中超纲词汇的特点，借助词源学和构词法对其进行猜测练习，了解超纲词汇的范围； 3)要做历年的真题，积累其中的生词(每个人的词汇盲点是不同的，只有靠自己筛选挖掘)。 其次，背单词每天要达到一定的量，可根据自己的基础和时间分配情况来定，但最低不要少于每天30 个词。因为词汇的总量是有限的，量越大重复的比例才会越高，记住的可能性才越大。对头一天背过的词复习时每个词汇的目光停留时间应在三秒，即100个单词5分钟复习完毕，想不起来的词作上标记，然后再用同样的时间间隔第二遍复习作了标记的词，凡辨认出的词即擦去标记，未辨认出的词参考释义，再行记忆。 其三，要讲究方法。多年的词汇教学表明，词汇的复现很大程度上取决于记忆的方法。由于记忆的方法必须是结合单词来讲的，限于篇幅的关系我在此不一一赘述，但有几个记忆误区必须指出： 1)读字母顺序记忆单词(似乎很多老师都是这样引领学生背单词的)是不科学的，其中的原理我不便在此展开论述，我想提醒的是字母组合与单词的汉语释义之间毫无联系； 2)按词汇表的序来记忆单词，这造成的惯性混淆和背不完则几乎全军覆灭的悲惨结果是显而易见的； 3)抱着一本词汇表背，这样做的结果是词汇换个地方就眼熟不认识； 4)每个单词只复习最熟悉的释义，结果是词义记忆单一，又缺乏上下文的理解能力，使单词变成死词； 5)急起来一阵狂背，放下去好久不看； 6)没有把背单词当成时时刻刻的思念，把学英文看成是书本上、课堂上的东西，没有发现任何事物与学英文的联系。
朗文2000解释用词 The Longman Defining Vocabulary 2000 说明：本词汇表根据《朗文当代英语辞典》（Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English）（外语教学与研究出版社，1997年版）第B16~B22页的词汇表编辑而成。编辑本表的目的是为了让成年人在最短的时间内掌握能够阅读和使用该词典所必须的有效词汇量。使用用简明文字进行解释的全英字典对成年人来说最大的好处就是帮助自己实现用英语进行思维，用英语学习英语，在学习中提高，最后掌握地道英语的目标，从而彻底改变“中国式英语”的尴尬局面。本词汇表的最后还有作者编录的“英语单词常见字母组合表”、“英语常见词缀”、“英语趣味词串”三个附录，目的是为了让学员掌握科学有效的单词记忆法和养成良好的记忆习惯，迅速扩大有用词汇量。请学员一并学习掌握。关于其它有效记忆方法，请学员注意在课堂上听讲和介绍。 a 一个，某个（语）abbreviation 缩写 ability 能力 able 有能力的，能干的about 关于；大约；到处 （语） above 在上方（语）above a. 上面的，前述的abroad 在国外 absence 缺席 accept 接受 acceptable 可接受的，尚可的accident 事故 accidental 偶然的according to 依照 account 考虑；帐户achieve 达成，实现achievement 成就 acid 酸 across 越过；对面（语）across adv.（语） act 行为，表现；法规act v. 行动 action 行动，动作active 活跃的 activity 活动 actor 演员 actress 女演员 actual 真实的 actually 实际上 add 增加；补充说addition 附加，加法additional 附加的 address 地址 adjective 目标，目的admiration 羡慕，爱慕，崇拜admire 崇拜，爱慕admit 承认 adult 成人 adult adj. 成人的advanced 先进的，高级的adventure 冒险（事业）；投 机 adverb 副词 advertise （做）广告advertisement 广告 advice 忠告 advise 劝告 affair 事件，桃色新闻affect 影响 afford 负担；买得起afraid 害怕 after 在…之后（语）afternoon 下午 afterwards 然后，以后again 再一次 against 对着，反对（语）age 年龄 ago 以前 agree 同意 agreement 协议 ahead 向前，前方
[设计]朗文词典注释所用2000核心词汇集The Longman Defining Vocabulary Words used in the definitions in this dictionary All the definitions in this dictionary have been written using the words in this list. If a definition includes a word that is not in the list, that word is shown in small capital letters. The Defining Vocabulary has been carefully chosen after a thorough study of all the well-known frequency lists of English words. Furthermore, only the most common and ‘entral’ meanings of the words in the list have actually been used in definitions. We have also used a special computer program that checks every entry to ensure that words from outside the Defining Vocabulary do not appear in definitions. Word class restrictions For some words in the list, a word class label such as n or adj is shown. This means that this particular word is used in definitions only in the word class shown. So anger, for example, is used only as a noun and not as a verb. But if no word class is shown for a word, it can be used in any of its usual word classes: answer, for example, is used in definitions both as a noun and as a verb. Compound words Definitions occasionally include compound words formed from words in the Defining Vocabulary, but this is only done if the meaning is
在职硕士联考英语基础词汇2000词 able 有能力的 again 再 and 和 artist 艺术家 basis 基础 about 关于 against 靠、反对 animal 动物 angry 生气的 basket 篮 above 在…上面 angel 天使 another 另一、别的ashamed惭愧的 basketball 篮球 accident 事故、意外的事Asia 亚洲 admire 羡慕、赞赏announce宣布 ache 疼痛 agree 同意 answer 答案；回答 ask问 bathe 洗澡 Asian 亚洲 attract 吸引 ant 蚂蚁 airmail 航空邮件 beg 请求 achieve vt完成、达到agreeable 使人愉快的、适合的 anxiety n 焦急 asleep睡着的 across 横越 agriculture 农业 anxious 担心的 assist vi帮助 beach 海滩 act 行为、动作 aim 目标；针对 attack 攻击 assistance 帮助 become vi 变成active 活动的、积 极的 aircraft 飞机 attend 参加 assistant 助手 bear 负担忍受 actor 演员 attain 达到、获得 anything 任何事 attendant 出席者 beat 打 actress 女演员 anyhow 无论如何 anyway 无论如何 allow 允许 beauty 美 airport 飞机场 advertisement(ad )- 广告 admit 允许进入、 承认 attention注意 because 因为 address 地址 alike 相似的 apology 道歉 anywhere 任何地 方 begin 开始 allocate 分配 alive 活着的 appear vi 出现 apologize vi 道歉 baby 婴儿 advance 推进、提 高 almost 几乎 April 四月 author 作者 behalf 代表 adventure 冒险 alone独自的 Arabian 阿拉伯人 （的） average平均的 behind在。。。之后 advice 建议 along 沿着 airplane 飞机 awake 醒着的 bad 坏的 advise 建议 aloud 大声地 argue vi 争论 away 离开 badly 恶劣地/非 常 afraid 害怕的 already 已经 army 军队 also 也 belief 信任 africa 非洲 although虽然 around 周围 area 面积 believe 相信 african 非洲的 always 总是 arrive 到达 arm 手臂 belong vi属于 after 在…之后 America 美国 art 艺术 arrival 到达 climb 爬 afternoon 下午 American美国的、 美国人 bus 公交车 ancient 远古的 ball 球 beside 在旁边 both 两者 among (st ) 在。。。 之中 best 最好的 afterward ( s ) 后 banana 香蕉 boss 老板 busy 忙碌的 besides 除。。。之外 below 在。。。之下 better 较好的 bush 矮树丛 bow 弓 bother 兄弟 bench 长椅子 between 在…之间 bottle 瓶子 ceiling 天花板 business 商业 basic 基本 button 按钮 beyond 超过 center 中心 bowl 碗 bid n. v. 出价、投标 big 大 buy 买 chain 链 church 教堂 cigarette 香烟 Bill 比尔 boy 男孩 café咖啡馆 cent 分 cinema 电影院 billion 十亿 brave 勇敢 cake 蛋糕 class 班级、阶级 classmate 同学 break n休息；v打破 bread 面包 call 喊声、通话 chairman 主席 classroom教室 biscuit 饼干 breakfast 早饭 cage 笼子 chance 机会 clear 清楚的 bit 少量 breast 胸部
1 LONGMAN COMMUNICATION 3000 Longman Communication 3000 The Longman Communication 3000 is a list of the 3000 most frequent words in both spoken and written English, based on statistical analysis of the 390 million words contained in the Longman Corpus Network – a group of corpuses or databases of authentic English language. The Longman Communication 3000 represents the core of the English language and shows students of English which words are the most important for them to learn and study in order to communicate effectively in both speech and writing. Analysis of the Longman Corpus Network shows that these 3000 most frequent words in spoken and written English account for 86% of the language. This means that by knowing this list of words, a learner of English is in a position to understand 86% or more of what he or she reads. Of course, “knowing” a word involves more than simply being able to recognise it and know a main meaning of it. Many of the most frequent words have a range of different meanings, a variety of different grammatical patterns, and numerous significant collocations. Nonetheless, a basic understanding of the Longman Communication 3000 is a very powerful tool and will help students develop good comprehension and communication skills in English. ‘This [frequency] information is gold dust for the language learner. LDOCE shows in graphic and immediate form which words are really worth learning and knowing how to use.’ Jeremy Harmer, EL T author T o ensure that users have access to the appropriate information, the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English marks all the words that are in the Longman Communication 3000 in red accompanied by special symbols: W1, W2, and W3 for words that are in the top 1000, 2000 and 3000 most frequent words in written English, and S1, S2 and S3 for the top 1000, 2000 and 3000 most frequent words in spoken English. Nowadays, many learner’s dictionaries include information about the most frequent words in English, but Longman dictionaries are the only ones to highlight the differences between spoken and written frequency.These frequency markers added to the headwords in the dictionary give users access to a wealth of information that can help the selection of the appropriate word or phrase in a variety of situations. Not only are the words and meanings given descriptive labels, for example formal or informal, AmE (American English) or BrE (British English), humorous, old-fashioned, but now they have the added information about relative frequency in spoken and written language. T ake for example the verb book (in the meaning of book a table at a restaurant). It is marked as S2 – one of the top 2000 words of spoken English. Note that is has no marker for written English because according to corpus analysis, it is not part of the top 3000 most frequent words in written English. However, the entry also indicates that a synonym for book is reserve which is in the top 3000 most frequent words in written English. The conclusion to be drawn from this is that in speaking (for instance when phoning a hotel or restaurant), book is the most appropriate verb to use when asking for a room or table to be kept for you. In writing, however, it would be more appropriate to use reserve. ‘There are two distinct modes of English: thoughtful, accurate and more formal, reflected mostly by written English; and spontaneous, real-time, less formal language, typified by spontaneous speech and some informal writing.’ Professor Geoffrey Leech, Emeritus Professor of English Language and Linguistics – University of Lancaster Learning a language can be exciting, but also sometimes difficult and frustrating because there are so many things to learn and it is difficult to know what to focus on. The frequency markers that identify the Longman Communication 3000 help students see clearly which words are frequent in written and spoken English, and enable them to focus more attention on mastering the meanings, grammatical patterns and collocations of these words.
朗文词典注释所用2000核心词汇集 The Longman Defining Vocabulary A total of 2043 A a abbreviation ability able about above adv, prep abroad absence absent adj accept acceptable accident accidental according (to) account n achieve achievement acid across act action active activity actor, actress actual actually add addition additional address adjective admiration admire admit adult advanced advantage adventure n adverb advertise advertisement advice advise affair affect afford afraid after adv, conj, prep afternoon afterwards again against age n ago agree agreement ahead aim air n aircraft airport alcohol alive all adv, pron, determiner, predeterminer allow almost alone along alphabet already also although always among amount n amuse amusement amusing an ancient adj and anger n angle n angry animal announce annoy annoying another answer anxiety anxious any anyone anything anywhere apart apartment appear appearance apple approval approve area argue argument arm n army around arrange arrangement arrival arrive art article artificial as as opposed to ashamed ask asleep association at atom attack attempt attend attention attitude attract attractive authority autumn available average adj, n avoid awake adj away adv awkward
朗文定义词汇表（精简版） 原来的Longman Defining Vocabulary共2193个词，是朗文词典在英英解释中所使用的最最最基础的单词，换句话来说，只要认识这2193个词，理论上，就能做到在英语世界里面词汇无障碍。 accordance n. 一致, 和谐; 授予; 符合; 给予 ache v. 渴望; 觉得疼痛n. 疼痛 acid n. 酸; 讥刺; 有酸味的东西; 迷幻药adj. 酸的, 有酸味的; 尖酸刻薄的; 酸性的; 敏锐的; 讽刺的 afterwards adv. 后来地; 然后 aim n. 瞄准; 目标, 目的; 瞄准的方向v. 瞄准; 对准, 瞄准; 意欲, 旨在, 致力altogether adv. 完全, 全然; 总而言之, 总之; 合计, 全部 musing adv. 冥想地; 沉思地 ankle n. 踝, 足踝; 踝关节 ant n. 蚂蚁 anxiety n. 忧虑, 焦虑, 焦虑的事 anxious adj. 忧虑的, 渴望的, 热心的 apart adv. 分别地; 分离; 分成零件 apparatus n. 仪器, 器械; 器官; 设备, 装置; 机关, 机构, 政党组织 arch n. 拱门, 弓形v. 使成弧形, 拱起, 使成弓形; 呈拱形覆盖; 形成弧形; 呈弧形移动adj. 调皮的, 淘气的; 为首的, 主要的 arm n. 臂; 扶手; 臂状物; 杆#兵种v. 武装起来; 用武器装备; 提供, 配备 armor n. 盔甲; 装甲部队; 装甲, 防护钢板; 保护层 ash n. 灰, 灰烬; 废墟; 骨灰, 遗骸; 淡灰色#白蜡树 atom n. 原子; 一点儿, 微量; 微小物 awkward adj. 笨拙的 backward adj. 向后的, 返回的, 反向的; 怕羞的, 畏缩的; 落后的, 发展迟缓的; 犹豫 的adv. 向后地; 追溯; 相反地 backwards adv. 向后; 往回, 向原处; 倒, 逆 bare v. 使赤裸; 揭露; 露出; 透露adj. 赤裸的, 无遮蔽的, 极少的 barrel n. 桶v. 装入桶内; 高速行进 bathe n. 游泳v. 洗澡; 游泳; 日光浴; 沉浸; 沐浴, 用水洗 beak n. 鸟嘴; 口; 喙状嘴; 鹰钩鼻; 治安法官, 治安推事 beam n. 梁; 横梁; 桁; 秤杆, 天平横杆; 光线