北京中医药大学2005考博英语7选5(填空式阅读)真题解析Directions:
Directions:In the following text,some sentences have been
removed.For Questions(41-45),choose the most suitable one from the
list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra
choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on
ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)
Canada's premiers(the leaders of provincial governments),if
they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late
July annual meeting,might spare a moment to do something,together,
to reduce health-care costs.
They're all groaning about soaring health budgets,the
fastest?growing components of which are pharmaceutical costs.Geng
duo yuan xiao zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi
xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun
qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi
41
What to do?Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee
on health care-to say nothing of reports from other
experts-recommended the creation of a national drug agency.Instead
of each province having its own list of approved drugs,bureaucracy,
procedures and limited bargaining power,all would pool resources,
work with Ottawa,and create a national institution.
42
But"national"doesn't have to mean that"National"could mean
interprovincial-provinces combining efforts to create one body.
Either way,one benefit of a"national"organization would be to negotiate better prices,if possible,with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province-or a series of hospitals within a province-negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.
Rather than,say,Quebec,negotiating on behalf of seven million people,the national agency would negotiate on behalf of31million people.Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.
43
A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Co-coordinating office for Health Technology Assessment,funded by Ottawa and the provinces.Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included.Predictably,and regrettably,Quebec refused to join.
A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial
deal-making.They(particularly Quebec and Alberta)just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few,if any strings attached. That's one reason why the idea of a national list hasn't gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.
44
Premiers love to quote Mr.Romanow's report selectively,
especially the parts about more federal money.Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs:"A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to try to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs."
45
So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list,they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.
[A]Quebec's resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology.One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University.Quebec's Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from14.3percent to26.8 per cent!
[B]Or they could read Mr.Kirby's report:"The substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies."
[C]What does"notional"mean?Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal?provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.
[D]The problem is simple and stark health-care costs have been, are,and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.
[E]According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since1997at twice the rate of
overall health?care spending.Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments.Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds.Part of it is higher prices.
[F]So,if the provinces want to run the health?care show,they should prove they can run it,starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication,save administrative costs,prevent one province from being played off against another,and bargain for better drug prices.
[G]Of course,the pharmaceutical companies will scream.They like divided buyers,they can lobby better that way.They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another.They can hope that,if one province includes a drug on its list,the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs.They wouldn't like a national agency,but self?interest would lead them to deal with it.
答案详解
41.【解析】[E]空白前的一段说：They're all groaning about soaring health budgets,the fastest-growing components of which are pharmaceutical costs(省长们都在抱怨医疗成本飞涨，其中涨得最快的就是药品的费用)。在这句话中，谈论的关键是pharmaceutical cost(医药成本)，同时我们注意到文章的第一段谈论的主题也是关于health costs(医疗成本)的问题，因此可以判断文章下一段谈论的话题一定围绕"药品成本"展开，也就是"药品成本"这个概念会在下面的一段文字中复现。对比选项，只有选项[E]中出现了关于"药品成本"(drug costs)的论述，同时从内容上
来看，试题前面的句子说"药品的成本飞涨"，选项[E]对前面的句子作了补充说明，解释了药品上涨的原因(Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments.Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds.Part of it is higher prices)。
42.【解析】[C]试题前的一段提到了要成立全国性的机构(create a national institution)，并讲到了它的特点。空白后的一段以But开头，解释national的含义："National"could mean
interprovincial-provinces combining efforts to create one body("
全国性"也可以说是省际间的，也就是说，各省可以共同努力成立一个机构)，试题的前后都出现了关于national的信息，由此可以判断，要填入的句子中一定会复现关于national的内容，比较选项可以发现选项[A]和选项[C]中出现了关于national的复现信息，但选项[A]讲的是Quebec's resistance to a national agency(Quebec对国家医疗机构的抵制)，作者对national 的定义还没有交代清楚之前，不可能出现选项[A]中的信息，因此选项[C]
是正确答案。
43.【解析】[G]试题前的一段讲到the national agency would negotiate on behalf of31million people.Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers,the higher the likelihood of a better price(全国的机构是代表3100万人去谈判，潜在的顾客的人数越多，得到底价的可能性越高)。通过这段话可以得知，建立全国性机构后，医药的价格会下降，医药公司会做出反应，即上一个段落和本题之间是因果关系。因此选项[G]是正确答案。选项[G]中的of course起承上启下的作用，表达了某种因果关系，从of course后面的语义来看，表达的正是关于医药公司的
内容：Of course,the pharmaceutical companies will scream，这儿的scream原作"尖叫"解，在这里作"高声抱怨"解。因此选项[G]是正确答案。
同时，本题还可以根据和后面一个段落之间的关系做出选择。从后面一个段落的第一句话A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency来看，讨论的是如何解决国家机构的问题，这是一个表示结果的句子，由此可以推知要填入的试题中一定会出现关于如何对待national agency的论述。选项[G]的最后一句话They wouldn't like a national agency,but self?interest would lead them to deal with it 表达的正是这个含义，不论从内容上，还是从措辞上和下文的内容非常的衔接，因此是正确答案。
44.【解析】[F]从上下文的篇章逻辑发展来看，上文语段11中出现了关于原因的问题，而此选项中的"So"，能够与上文构成因果逻辑发展关系。其二，从上下文的概念一致性来看，选项中的"provinces"，"health?care"，"interprovincial"，"costs"，"better drug prices"在原文上下文中反复出现，可构成较好的一致性。其三，本选项与第一自然段在情感、逻辑、概念上构成了最好的一致性，与下文语段13构成了很好的连贯性。至少从以上三个角度来看，本选项为12语段的最佳选择。
45.【解析】[B]本题可从三个角度来推测。其一，根据整篇文章的一致性来看，整篇文章从各个方面就医疗保健费用的剧增问题发表观点，本选项谈论的是Mr.Kirby's的看法。其二，上下文话题的一致性来看，本选项中的许多重要概念"agency"、"drug"、"insurance"、"prices"等在语境中多次出现，构成了一致性。其三，从13语段和14语段的逻辑来看，本选项中的"or"构成了一种选择性的逻辑。至少从以上三个角度来看，本选项为14自然段的最佳选择。
本文由“育明考博”整理编辑
考博英语（阅读理解）-试卷80 (总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：40.00) Too much alcohol dulls your senses, but a study in Japan shows that moderate drinkers have a higher IQ than teetotalers. Researchers at the National Institute for Longevity Sciences in Aichi Prefecture, 250 kilometers west of Tokyo, tested the IQs of 2000 people between the ages of 40 and 79. They found that, on average, men who drank moderately — defined as less than 540 milliliters of sake or wine a day — had an IQ that was 3. 3 points higher that men who did not drink at all. Women drinkers scored 2. 5 points higher than female teetotalers. The type of alcohol didn't influence the results. The volunteers tried a variety of tipples, which ranged from beer and whisky to wine and sake. The researchers are quick to point out that the results do not necessarily show that drinking will make you more intelligent. "It's very difficult to show a cause-effect relationship," says senior researcher Hiroshi Shimokata. "We screened subjects for factors such as income and education, but there may be other factors such as lifestyle and nutritional intake. " Shimokata says that people who drink sake, or Japanese rice wine, tend to eat more raw fish. This could be a factor in enhanced intelligence, as fish often contain essential fatty acids that have been linked to brain development. Similarly, wine drinkers eat a lot of cheese, which is not something Japanese people normally consume or buy. Shimokata says the high fat content of cheese is thought to be good for the brain. If alcoholic drinks are directly influencing IQ, Shimokata believes chemicals such as polyphenols could be the critical factor. They are known to have antioxidant properties and other beneficial effects on ageing bodies, such as dilating constricted coronary arteries. The study is part of a wider research project to find out why brain function deteriorates with age.（分数：10.00） (1).The Japanese study was carried out on______.（分数：2.00） A.the development of IQ B.the secret of longevity C.the brain food in a glass D.the amount of healthy drinking (2).The Japanese researchers found a higher IQ in______.（分数：2.00） A.female teetotalers than in male ones B.female drinkers than in male ones C.moderate drinkers D.teetotalers (3).When he says that it is very difficult to show cause-effect relationship, Shimokata means that______.（分数：2.00） A.the study failed to involve such variables as income and education B.he is doubtful of the findings of the investigation C.there are some other contributing factors D.the results were just misleading (4).From Shimokata's mention of fish and cheese we can infer that in enhancing intelligence______.（分数：2.00） A.sake or wine is a perfect match for fish and cheese B.they promote the drinking effect of sake or wine C.they are not as effective as sake and wine D.sake or wine is not alone (5).Based on the study, Shimokata would say that______.（分数：2.00） A.intelligence improves with age
中央财经大学考博英语阅读理解真题解析American social scientist Lewis Henry Morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late1800s.Morgan,along with Tylor,was one of the founders of modern anthropology.In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies.42._____________. In the early1900s in North America,German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism.Historical particularism,which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures,gave new direction to anthropology.43._____________. Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture. 44._______________. （PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology,largely through the influence of many students of Boas.But a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism.Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few,especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists,then spread to other cultures. 45.________________. Also in the early1900s,French sociologistémile Durkheim
考博英语作文常用短语100个 1.经济的快速发展 the rapiddevelopment of economy 2.人民生活水平的显著提高/稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people's livingstandard 3.先进的科学技术advanced science and technology 4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges 5.人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that… 6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development 7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that… 9.热烈的讨论/争论 a heated discussion/ debate 10.有争议性的问题 a controversialissue 11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument 12.一些人…而另外一些人… Some people… while others… 13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 14.就…达到绝对的一致 rea ch an absolute consensus on… 15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons 16.双方的论点 argument on both sides 17.发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in… 18.对…必不可少be indispensableto … 19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes: 20.…也不例外…be no exceptio 21.对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…
北京外国语大学考博英语阅读真题解析Text4 It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cover story,“I love My Children,I Hate My Life,”is arousing much chatter–nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling,life-enriching experience.Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable,Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness:instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy,we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition.Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard,Senior writes that“the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.” （PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537)毫无疑问，Jennifer Senior在有煸动意味的的杂志封面故事中表达了 她的独到见解，“我爱我的孩子们，我讨厌我的生活”——这唤起了人们 的谈兴。人们一谈到养孩子就会觉得这是一件完全令人愉悦、生活充实的事 情。Jennifer Senior没有指出养孩子到底是使得父母快乐呢还是痛苦呢， 她倒是认为，我们需要重新定义幸福：幸福不应该是一个个瞬间的快乐组合 的可以被衡量的东西;我们应该把幸福视为一种过去式的状态。尽管抚养孩 子的日子漫长难熬，令人筋疲力尽，但是Jennifer Senior认为，正是那些 心绪沉重的时刻，日后却成为我们欢乐的源泉。 The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute
2015西南财经大学考博英语历年真题 一、招考介绍 从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。 二、西南财经大学考博英语题型 Part1:词汇,30题15分 Part2:阅读理解,四篇20题40分 Part3:短文翻译,英译汉15分汉译英15分 Part4:作文,15分 三、考博英语必备参考书 育明考博教研部主编,河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。在当当网，亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售，也可以联系我们直接购买。 四、联系导师 在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。 大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。 通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种： （1）、欢迎报考。这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。 （2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。
Passage10肺癌 Among all the malignancies,lung cancer is the biggest killer;more than 100,000Americans die of the disease,giving up smoking is one of obvious ways to reduce the risk,but another answer may lie in the kitchen.According to a new report,even heavy smokers may be protected from developing lung cancer by eating a daily portion of carrots,spinach or any other vegetable or fruit containing a form of vitamin A called carotene. The finding,published in The Lancet,is part of a long-range investigation of diet and disease.Since1957,some American researchers have monitored the dietary habits and medical histories of2,000middle-aged men employed by the Western Electric Co.in Chicago.Led by Dr.Richard Shekelle of St.Luke’s Medical Center,and the researchers recently began to sort out the links between the subjects’dietary patterns and cancer.Other studies of animals and humans have suggested that vitamin A offers some protection against lung cancer.The correlation seemed logical,explains Shekelle,since vitamin A is essential for the growth of the epithelial(上皮的)tissue that lines the airways of the lungs. But the earlier research did not distinguish between the two different forms of the vitamin.“Preformed”vitamin A,known as retinol,is found mainly in liver and dairy products like milk,cheese,butter and eggs.But vitamin A is also made in the body from carotene,which is abundant in a variety of vegetables and fruits, including carrots,spinach,squash,tomatoes,sweet potatoes and apples.
The physical distribution of products has two primary aspects:transportation and storage. Both aspects are highly developed and specialized phases of marketing.The costs of both trans-porting and storing are built into the prices of products.Transportation can be by truck, rail-way,ship,or barge.For some items,such as exotic plants and flowers,or when rapid delivery is essential,air freight may be used. Storage,or warehousing,is a necessary function because production and consumption of goods rarely match:items generally are not sold as quickly as they are made.Inventories build up, both in warehouses and at retail establishments,before the foods are sold.The transporta-tion function is involved in bringing goods to a warehouse and taking them from it to retail stores. Storage performs the service of stabilizing market price.If,for example,no agricultural product could be stored,all food would have to be put on the market immediately.This would,of course,create a glut and lower prices drastically.There would be an immediate benefit to consumers,but in the long run they would suffer.Farmers,because of low prices,would be forced off the land,and the amount of food produced would decrease.This,in turn,would raise consumer prices. Warehouses for storage are of several types.Private warehouses are owned by manufactur-ers. Public warehouses,in spite of their name,are privately owned facilities,but they are in-dependent of manufacturer ownership.General-merchandise warehouses store a great variety of products. Cold-storage warehouses store perishable goods,especially food products.Grain ele-vators are a kind of warehouse used to keep wheat and other grains from spoiling.A bonded warehouse is one that stores foods,frequently imported,on which taxes must be paid before they are sold. Cigarettes and alcoholic beverages are common examples. The distribution center is a more recently developed kind of warehouse.Many large com-panics have several manufacturing plants,sometimes located outside the country.Each plant does not make every company product but specializes in one or more of them.The distribution center allows a manufacturer to bring together all product lines in one place.Its purpose is to minimize storage and to ease the flow of goods from manufacturers to retailers rather than build up extensive inventories.It reduces costs by speeding up product turnover.Very large corporations will have several distribution centers regionally or internationally based 1.The main subject of this passage is______. A)transportation and storage B)storage of products C)distribution center
育明考博 免费咨询报名电话：400-668-6978咨询QQ：493371626（李老师） 2015考博QQ交流群105619820 2015考博QQ英语群335488903 2015考博QQ专业课群157460416 2015长安大学考博英语分析 一、招考介绍 从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。 二、联系导师 在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。 大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。 通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种： （1）、欢迎报考。这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。 （2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。 (3）、你的研究方向和我一样......各种一大堆他的研究方向和你相关，欢迎报考什么的话。不
考博心得之考博英语阅读理解 阅读理解在大家看来，是英语考试中最关键的部分，因为这部分所占的分数最多，在试卷中的地位举足轻重。有很多方面的书籍，介绍大家如何来提高阅读理解水平，却很少提到不同类别的英语考试试卷中，都有自己的出题特点。其结果是，大凡英语考试，大家都采用几乎一样的思考模式，这在相当程度上影响了具体类别考试复习时的针对性。 首先，介绍如何提高阅读理解的基本功 很多参考书中（推荐一本考博英语阅读理解精练220篇(上下册)）。都提到在阅读时，不能读出声来，要快速的阅读。要达到这个水平需要相当的训练，可惜的是大部分考生由于各种原因，没有这样的条件。根据个人的体会，阅读中，碰到的最大问题往往不是理解不了其中内容，经常让人头痛的是阅读过程中，会在一些关键地方碰到自己不认识的单词，大大影响了自己对文章的领悟。所以第一个基本功还是词汇部分，我们不需要把大纲中所有的词汇（考博英语10000词汇详解）都会拼写，因为除了写作之外，会认某个词与会写某个词没区别，即使是写作，用到的词也都是常见的。 学会用自己的呼吸来控制自己的阅读，进而提高阅读速度。这点可能不少朋友没有听说过吧，对，这是我自己体会后总结出来的。针对一个句子，大家要学着在吸气的过程中，看明白前半部分的意思，而在呼气的过程中，看明白后一半的内容。开始训练时，大部分人达不到这个要求，没关系，重新吸气，呼气，直到这个句子看懂。选择的文章不要太难，但也不能过于简单，仔细体会这个过程。 我比较推荐的一个方法是：充分利用选择填空题目，在要填空的位置上，先写上正确的答案，然后尝试着在一个呼吸过程中看懂它所表述的意思。这不仅将来能提高选择填空的阅读速度，也提高了语感。当训练的差不多后，可以转入阅读文章了，把呼吸和大脑的思维连贯性统一起来。 其次，阅读理解过程中，需要从头读到尾吗？ 这个问题，我也曾经问了自己很多次。经过尝试后，我总结的经验是没必要。说起来大家可能不相信，我觉得阅读理解，如其说是阅读，不如说是把文章的内容结构搞懂：这篇阅读理解分了几个段落？每个段落中最重要的那个主旨句要表达的是什么意思？文章作者是以什么口气、什么态度来看待自己文章所描述的内容的？实际就是从宏观上把握作者的意图 全面阅读有什么不？第一个就是浪费时间，考试中的时间是最宝贵的，如果费了不少时间读懂了文章的某些内容（即使是比较重要的），可偏巧这在后边的题目中又没有体现出来，不就是浪费时间和精力吗？第二就是使得人容易忘记其他部分的内容，当我们看第一段的时候，看明白它的内容了，可当你把最后一段也看懂之，第一段的内容你还能记得多少呢？这个问题在阅读理解进行到第三篇，第四篇的时候尤其突出，以至于头晕脑胀。相信很多人有这个感觉，英语考试过程中，觉得自己脑力不够用，或者考试结束后有朦胧的倦意。这对后边题目的完成绝对是个巨大威胁。第三就是缺乏对整个文章的理解，由于在全面阅读过程中，人的精力集中在具体句子的理解上，冲淡了整体的认识，而几乎每个阅读理解后的题目中，总少不了1个或2个关于文章整体概括性的题目，稍有偏差，就会出错。
【每日一篇】华慧考博英语:考博英语作文优秀范文100篇（5） 如此快速提升考博英语的写作能力？华慧考博老师告诉你——多背考博英语作文范文，多掌握一些考博英语作文范文中的优秀长句。这对于一名作文小白来说是最快速地提升考博英语作文写作能力的途径。自今天起，华慧考博小编将为广大考博考生们每天提供一篇考博英语作文的范文来给考生做为参考和背诵。（范文如有瑕疵，请考生们谅解！） 华慧考博英语作文范文第五篇： 【题干】 Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer. 【正文】 People seldom agree with each other even in such trivial issues as preference between a big city and a small town. It's a little bit haste to say that it is better to live in a big city than to live in a small town, or vice versus. Living in a big city has several benefits. First, there're more job opportunities readily available in big cities than in a small town. Furthermore, not merely there are more job positions in big cities, the qualities of the position are much higher as well. In addition, the pay is more decent. Second, children are supposed to be able to receive an education with a higher quality compared with their counterparts who live in a small town. For families, children's education is always put in the first place. Finally, living in a big city has a superior overall living standard to that in a small town. There are more commodities and services in city markets; there are more public utilities available in big cities; there are even much more television channels in big cities. However, living in a small town also has some advantages. People who live in a small town often have a much comfortable life style. Most of them are immune from suffering of high working stress. Although the average pay is much less than that of big cities, the price of daily necessities, such as vegetables or meat, is usually more inexpensive. Instead of suffering loneliness which is prevalent in big cities, children might grow up more healthily because of harmonious relationship among residents in small town. People in a small town do not have to get up so early in the morning because there has been no traffic jam, and no body drive so fast in a small town as to cause accidents. They might have fewer channels in television, but they have more friends readily available to chat or entertain with. According to my current situation, although I am longing for the cozy atmosphere and relationship among neighbors and friends which almost only exist in big cities, I have chosen to live in one of the biggest cities in my country --- Beijing, since I have found a pretty good job here, and a decent pay. I think I would prefer living a small town when I get retired one day.
中央民族大学考博英语阅读真题及其解析When I decided to quit my full time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend.A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although,in the manner of a disgraced government minister,I covered my exit by claiming“I wanted to spend more time with my family". Curiously,some two-and-a-half years and two novels later,my experiment in what the Americans term"downshifting"has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of“have it all",preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the pages of She magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything. I have discovered,as perhaps Kelsey will after her Geng duo yuan xiao zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress,that abandoning the doctrine of "juggling your life",and making the alternative move into “downshifting”brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life Kelsey used to advocate and I once enjoyed:12-hour working days,pressured deadlines,the fearful strain of office politics and the limitations of being a parent on“quality time”.
考博英语阅读资料100篇 Unit One Passage 1 The physical distribution of products has two primary aspects: transportation and storage. Both aspects are highly developed and specialized phases of marketing. The costs of both trans-porting and storing are built into the prices of products. Transportation can be by truck, rail- way, ship, or barge. For some items, such as exotic plants and flowers, or when rapid delivery is essential, air freight may be used. Storage, or warehousing, is a necessary function because production and consumption of goods rarely match: items generally are not sold as quickly as they are made. Inventories build up, both in warehouses and at retail establishments, before the foods are sold. The transporta-tion function is involved in bringing goods to a warehouse and taking them from it to retail stores. Storage performs the service of stabilizing market price. If, for example, no agricultural product could be stored, all food would have to be put on the market immediately. This would, of course, create a glut and lower prices drastically. There would be an immediate benefit to consumers, but in the long run they would suffer. Farmers, because of low prices, would be forced off the land, and the amount of food produced would decrease. This, in turn, would raise consumer prices. Warehouses for storage are of several types. Private warehouses are owned by manufactur-ers. Public warehouses, in spite of their name, are privately owned facilities, but they are in-dependent of manufacturer ownership. General-merchandise warehouses store a great variety of products. Cold-storage warehouses store perishable goods, especially food products. Grain ele-vators are a kind of warehouse used to keep wheat and other grains from spoiling. A bonded warehouse is one that stores foods, frequently imported, on which taxes must be paid before they are sold. Cigarettes and alcoholic beverages are common examples. The distribution center is a more recently developed kind of warehouse. Many large com- panics have several manufacturing plants, sometimes located outside the country. Each plant does not make every company product but specializes in one or more of them. The distribution center allows a manufacturer to bring together all product lines in one place. Its purpose is to minimize storage and to ease the flow of goods from manufacturers to retailers rather than build up extensive inventories. It reduces costs by speeding up product turnover. V ery large corporations will have several distribution centers regionally or internationally based 1. The main subject of this passage is______. A) transportation and storage B) storage of products C) distribution center D) two main aspects of product distribution 2. Warehousing is important in that _ A) inventories build up before the goods are sold B) the prices will go down C) more goods are produced than can be consumed D) the food has to be put on the market immediately 3. How many types of warehouses for storage are discussed in the passage?