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英语基础写作教案

英语基础写作教案
英语基础写作教案

英语基础写作教案

洪晓君

教学目的:

教会学生如何按所给的内容及要求,用5个规范的英语句子描述所给信息的全部内容,并组成连贯的短文。

教学重点:引导学生先细心研读所给材料或图表。然后依次确定出所需的中心词,并由词成句,由句成文。最后对文章的篇章结构进行修改,实现用词准确,行文流畅。

教学辅助手段:电脑(或实物投影仪)

教学方法:讨论法

教学步骤:

一、展示

例如:提示:你校学生会将为来访的美国朋友举办一个晚会,要在学校广播此事,并欢迎大家参加。为使美国朋友听懂,请你用英语写一篇广播通知。在要点如下:

宗旨:欢迎来访的美国朋友

时间:8月15日(星期六)晚上7:30

地点:主楼屋顶花园

活动内容:音乐、跳舞、唱歌、游戏、交换礼品(包装好,签好名,并在包装外面写上几个祝愿词)

写作要求:只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。

注意:应包括以上要点,但不要逐字翻译,要组织成一篇通顺、连贯的短文。

二、讲解写作步骤,要求学生先做到以下几点:

①看题目、看要求、看体裁;

②定文体、定人称、定时态;

③选要点、选要词、选句型;

④重条理、重过渡、重书写。

三、思路

(一)、英语书面表达虽难,但其要求与作文不同,它只要求考生用较规范的英语,简单地陈述清所给材料。根据这一要求,若先用母语组织文章,学生就不感到难了。因此,在下笔之前,要认真研读和理解所给材料或图表,用汉语列出要点。(先提问个别学生,最后展示答案)

在用英语表达前,可组织要点如下:

1、学生会将在8月15日,星期六,举行一个晚会欢迎来访的美国朋友。

2、晚会在主楼屋顶花园举行。

3、晚会于下午7:30举行。

4、晚会将有音乐、舞蹈、唱歌、游戏、交换礼品等。

5、要把礼品包装好,签好名,并写上一些祝愿的话。

有了这些要点,用英语组织文章时,就显得有章可循了。

(二)、找出相应的词、词组或句型,明确时态、语态,用英语表达出每一个要点,通常是最困难的一步。首先要对要点进行分析、理解,从英语中找到相应的词、词组和句型。(找到的这些词、词组和句型必须是你熟悉的、能正确运用的,否则,往往出错。)例如学生会The student Union,主楼屋顶花园the roof garden of the main building,交换礼品exchange gifts, 签好名sign your name等等。(让学生把句子串起来,5分钟提问个别学生,并当着全班的面

修改)再根据内容,确定好时态、语态。上面一题的五个要点依次可译为:

1. The student Union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening, Aug. 15th to welcome our friends from the U.S.

2. The party will be held in the roof garden of the main building .

3. It will begin at 7:30 p.m.

4. There will be music, dancing , singing , games and exchanging gifts.

5. Remember to wrap your gift up , sign your name and write a few words of wishes.

(三)、、连句、整理成文

在译出各个要点之后,就可以连句成章了。此时,可根据文章的需要,可以在短文之前加上概括性的句子;为了衔接上下句,要在句与句之间加上必要的过渡句或连接词,才能使句子显得紧凑;为了避免重复,可把几个简单的句子合并成一个并列句或复合句,这样就使整个短文即紧扣了要点,又连贯、通顺。

[参考范文]

Hello, everyone,

May I have you attention , please? I have something to tell you . The students Union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening ,Aug.15th to welcome our friends from the U.S. The party will be held in the roof garden of the main building and will begin at 7:30p.m. There will be a lot of wonderful programs, like music, dancing, singing, games and exchanging gifts. Besides, please remember to wrap your gift up , sign your name and write a few words of wishes.

That ’all .Thank you for your listening .

作业:

1、为了迎接2008年北京奥运会和2010年广州亚运会,你校将举行一场“身体力行,支持

体育”动员会,活动内容和具体安排如下:

请你以学生会的名义,根据上表内容写一篇广播稿。

Hello, everyone,

May I have you attention , please? I have something to tell you that…….

That ’all .Thank you for your listening .

2、为了帮助同学们更多地了解美国,学校邀请了史密斯先生到学校举办关于“现代美国生

活”的讲座。请根据下面的信息写一个通知的正文。

时间:星期六下午

地点:学校礼堂

内容:现代美国生活;中美文化比较;讲座结束后将留时间给同学们提问。

主持人简介:小时侯曾随父母在中国生活过12年,现在在北京大学任教,深通中国国情。

温馨提示:史密斯显示对中美文化的比较一定会使讲座生动有趣,引人入胜;欢迎所有的学生参加。

附:一、英语书面表达中常用的过渡性词语:

1、表示时间:then, now , afterwards, five minutes /... later, soon , before long , shortly after that , soon after supper/.... to this day, just now , just then,...

2、表示顺序、动作过程的:first, firstly, first of all , second , secondly, at first, at last next...

3:表示转折:but , yet, and yet , however , although, otherwise, in spite of , ...

4:表示结果:thus, therefore, so , as a result, seeing that , luckily, unfortunately, fortunately, .. 5:表示强调:above all , indeed, surely, certainly , of course , after all , without any delay, at last, at most, ...

6:表示并列:and , also, as well as , and then, ...

7:表示递进:besides, what's /was more , in addition , even, once more ,

8:表示解释或说明:that's to say, that is , namely ,for example , actually, and so on, such as , believe it or not , to tell (you)the truth, for this reason, in other words, ...

9:表示比较或对比:just like , just as, in the same way, more or less, sooner or later , on the contrary, on the other hand, ...

10:表示总结:finally, in conclusion, in a word, in general, generally speaking, as you know, in the end, ...

阅读下列短文,仔细体会括号内过渡词的使用:

(One day )an old lady was walking slowly in the street with a handbag in her hand.(Suddenly)a young man riding a bicycle came up and snatched her bag. The old lady shouted:"Help!"and ran after him, (however),she couldn't catch up with the bike .(Just then)a boy came out of school and saw what happened.(Immediately )he took out a box of push-pin and threw them on the ground .(Just as the boy expected), the bike tyre were destroyed by the push-pins on the road and the young man had to stop. (Finally)they caught the young man and sent him to the police.(What a clever and a brave boy!)

二、在用英语表达要点时,常会遇到一些你无从着手的难句或繁句,这时要充分利用“解释法”。

所为谓“解释法”可理解为“化难为易”“化繁为简”。

“化难为易”就是把不好用英语表达的汉语句子,在保持句子意思不变的情况下,解释为你能用英语表达出来的形式,以达到用英语表达出这一要点的效果。如下面一个要点:

“凡愿参加讨论者,请到班主任处报名。”

“报名”一词,在所学英语中找不到相应的词或词组,但根据这上意思可把“到班主任处报名”解释为“告诉班主任把你的名字记下来。”那么,这一要点可表达为:

If you want to join in our discussion, please tell your class teacher to take down your name.

又如:“他在去年的高考中金榜题名”

该句中的“金榜题名”一词难以表达,我们可把这个词组解释为:“他在去年的高考中成功了”或“他通过了去年的高考”,这样则可译为:

He succeeded in the college entrance examination last year.

或:He passed the college entrance examination last year.

所谓“化繁为简”就是在保持句子不变的情况下,把结构繁杂的句子化成几个简单的句子来表达。如:“他在我市去年举行的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。”

上句直接用英语来表达,结构复杂,难度较大,可先化成两个简单句。即:“去年我市举行了一次英语演讲比赛,他获得了一等奖。”则可表达为:

There was an English speech contest in our city last year, and he got the first prize in it.

又如:“南京大学吴教授将应邀到会做《如何学好英语》的报告”

该句可解释为:“南京大学吴教授将被邀请来参加会议,他将做《如何学好英语的报告》。这样该句可译为:

Prof. Wu from Nanjing University will be invited to the meeting . He will give us a talk on How to Learn English Well. How to Learn English Well.

总之,在表达具体各个要点时,灵活地将句子作出解释,把它转变成你能用英语表达的形式,能帮你渡过难关,正确地用英语表达出要点。

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