八年级英语下册短语知识点集外研版
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MODULE1
五种简单句歌决
英语简单句,五种结构型,缩简句子后,结构自分明,表主语状态,即为主系表,主谓关与主谓宾,二者需分清,动作对象人和物,则是间宾加直宾,二宾位置可互换,介词to,for记心间,句子已有主谓宾,宾语再补方完整,宾语加上补足语,二者构成复合宾。
1、主语+不及物动词(SV)不及物动词,不能带宾语,但有些要接状语意义才完整。
2、主语+系动词+表语(SVP)
系动词:be ,look,seem ,become,feel ,get ,turn ,grow,smell,taste ,keep, sound
3、主语+及物动词+宾语(SVO)
4、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(SVOO)直接宾语在前,加for或to连接间接宾语。Give,show ,send,bring ,pass, lend ,leave ,hand ,teel ,return,
promise ,refuse,throw 用to ,make ,buy ,do ,get ,play ,order, sing,pay用for .
5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(SVOC)
there be 句型。
tidy up 收拾,fan扇,fan oneself ,给某人自己扇风,
fan the flame煽动情绪, a movie fan , 影迷,
un反义前缀,tidy-untidy,happy-unhappy,comfortable-uncomfortable
at least至少,祈使句,肯定以动词原形开头,反问用will you ?/won‘t you?,否定用Don‘t +动词原形,反问用will you ?,Let‘s …用shall we?
take up占据,代词放中间, take away拿走,
take sth. back,收回某物take ….to …把…带到….
take off脱下,起飞.take place发生,
take a rest 休息一下, a bit ,a little ,作状语时可互换
a bit of =a little,有点儿,修饰名词on time按时,
in time及时, from time to time有时,
a long time很长时间, for the first time首次,
have a good time ,玩得高兴
be/get /become interested in 主语是人,某人对某事产生兴趣
指人的不定代词somebody/someone,everybody/everyone ,anybody/anyone,
nobody/no one 指物的不定代词,anything,something,everything,nothing
play the violin ;弹奏乐器,play +the+乐器,球类,play+球,
世上独一无二的加the ,前面出现过的用the ,
make+宾语+宾语补足语(使..处于某种状态,地位)make sb.do sth.使某人做某事,
后接动词不定式作宾语,不要to 的有,一感feel,二听hear,listen to,
三让have let make,四看see,look at ,watch ,notice,半帮助help,
make sb.sth=make sth for sb.为某人做某事,make money赚钱,
make a living谋生,make trouble引起麻烦,
make friends with sb.与某人交朋友,make war 开战,
make a fire生火,make a face做鬼脸,
make ..from用..制成(用被动)make …of用..制成(用被动)
make fun of 取笑,与…开玩笑,make room for 为…让地方,
make up 编造,make up one‘s mind 决心,拿定主意,
现在完成时:表过去发生或已经完成的某一动作,对现在造成的影响和结果,或持续到现在的动作。常用词语already,yet ,ever ,never,just ,before, for + some time ,since,
at the end of 在…尽头,在…末尾,(时间,位置)by the end of =not later than
by the end of 到…末为止,+过去时间,用于过去完成时
by the end of+现在时间,用于现在完成时,in the end =at last =finally,最后
end(动词)up with以…结束, come to an end 告终,结束,
begin with以…开头, sth happen to sb某事发生在某人身上
.happen to do sth.碰巧发生某事take place发生,预料中发生的事,
.happen是偶然发生的,be famous for因..而出名,外界客观,
be famous as作为….而出名,本身身份, be good for 对…有益
be good at擅长, a collection of….的收藏,
take an interest in 对某事感兴趣, give an interview,会面,做访谈
as a result结果, as a result of 由于,因为,
also 也,肯定句中,too也,肯定,句末,逗号,either也,否定,句末,逗号, as well也,肯定,句末, be sure确信,相信,
in life一生中, all one‘s life一生,终身
buy sb .sth=buy sth for sb .think about考虑,思考,想起,
think of想起think over工,思考
book after=take care of =care for,照顾look over, 检查,查看, look for寻找, look up 查找,
be popular with,受…的欢迎
when , while,as的用法:
when可引用可延续性和非延续性,若两分句是非延续性,只用when
while引用可延续性,若两分句是可延续性,只用while
as常用于同时发生的
be useful to/for 对….有用, be useful in (for )doing sth,有助于
useful 反义词useless ,比较级前加more ,最高级前加most ,
develop ,名词development ,developing 发展中.developed 发达的,
success名词,succeed动词, successful形容词,successfully副词,failure失败some…others没有范围的“一些”…另一些,但不是全体,
some…the others某一范围的“一些….其他”的,表全体,
one ….another不定数目中的“一个”“另一个”
one ….the other两者中的“一个,另一个”
花费: sb.spend (s) some money on sth.
sb.spend(s) some time on sth.
sb. spend(s)some money (in) buying sth.
sb.spend(s) some time (in) doing sth.
pay: sb.pay(s) some money for sth.
cost: sth cost sb. some money/time
take :It takes sb. sometime to do sth
It takes sb .some money to buy sth .
It‘s +adj.+for sb. +to do sth .外界原因,
It‘s +adj. +of sb. +to do sth .人的品质,
remember/forget to do sth.想起/忘记要做某事,
remember/forget doing sth.想起/忘记做过某事。
in the way 以这种方式, long ago很久以前,
start ,begin当用于进行时,后用to +V原,主语是物时,后用+to V原,such as 像…,例如,for example 句首,句中,用逗号隔开,缩写e.g,as well as连接两相同的内容,come out 出版,开放,出现,
probably句中,不用于句中,不用于句首,maybe可能性很小,口语,句首perhaps或许句首,句中
what do you think of =how do you like . show sb .sth =show sth to sb.
try to do sth 努力做某事,try doing sth.尝试做某事
try one‘s best 尽某人的最大努力, try out试验,
try on 试穿 a piece of music一首乐曲,
动词后只跟Ving 的有:finish ,practice ,mind ,feel like ,miss ,kee p,pardon, excuse ,suggest consider,give up ,can‘t help,
need to do sth 需要做某事,主语是人, need doing需要被做某事,主语是物dress sb给某人穿衣, drss oneself 自己穿衣
be/get dressed in=dress in +衣服或颜色, find out查明,
就近原则:not only…but also ,不仅.而且either…or ..不是…就是,或者..或者neither…nor 既不…也不…,there be 动词以最近的主语为标准
MODULE 2