Exercise 3(08’3)
Listening Part:
【Spot Dictation】
Today, we'll talk about what other effects watching TV might produce on children. Children should be _________________________ (1) a lot of television, many experts and parents agree, but there is at least one circumstance when it might be beneficial: _________________________ (2). A recent study conducted by Italian researchers found that children _________________________ (3) immediately preceding and during blood tests experienced less pain than children whose mothers _________________________ (4) during the procedure, or children whose mothers were present but _________________________ (5).
The research, led by Carlo Brown, MD, at the University of Siena, is published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood, _________________________ (6) the study. None received any type of anesthesia; the children and their mothers _________________________ (7).Both the group whose mothers attempted to distract them from the blood tests and those whose mothers simply observed reported _________________________ (8) than the group who watched cartoons. For that group, the levels of pain were less and the children were better able to _________________________ (9).
One of the possible explanations is that children might have _________________________ (10) during the procedures, exacerbating their perception of pain. "The higher pain level reported by children during _________________________ (11) shows the difficulty mothers have in interacting positively _________________________ (12) in their children's life," the authors write.
However, they stressed that _________________________ (13) still provided benefits, noting that the children would _________________________ (14) during the procedures. "Indeed, children state that having their parent present _________________________ (15) when in pain," say the authors.
Another possibility offered for consideration is the notion that the _________________________ (16) might release pain-quelling endorphins. Endorphins, _________________________ (17) produced by the pituitary gland, resemble opiates in their ability to produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. In other words, they might _________________________ (18).
In any case, the study results suggest that health workers should _________________________ (19) to watch television during painful procedures _________________________ (20).
【Listening Comprehension】
Listening Comprehension 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.
1. (A) A change in French eating habits.
