第二节分类突破
一、原文词汇类
(2017·江苏)
Population Change
Why is the world’s population growing？The answer is not what you might think.The reason for the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits，but that people have stopped dropping dead like flies.In 1900，people died at the average age of 30.By 2000 the average age was 65.But while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century，declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.
Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from 4.9 in the early 1960s to 2.5 nowadays.Furthermore，around 50% of the world’s population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level (i.e.2.1 births per woman) and almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate.You might think that developing nations would make up the loss (especially since 80% of the world’s people now live in such nations)，but you’d be wrong.Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too，which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.
A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China，for instance.What does it imply？First，China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population decline hits the country.Second，if other factors such as technology remain constant，economic growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble.
Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise.Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%.Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5%
since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961.Why is this occurring？Nobody is quite sure，but poor diet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it.If current trends don’t bend，Russia’s population will be about the size of Yemen’s by the year 2050.
In the north of India，the population is booming due to high birth rates，but in the south，where most economic development is taking place，birth rate is falling rapidly.In a further twist，birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas and lowest in highly educated urban areas.In total,25% of India’s working-age population has no education.In 2030，a sixth of the country’s potential work force could be totally uneducated.
One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration.As for the USA，it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from 2010-2030.Moreover，the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants.As a result it’s likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.
考场思维模式
第一步：读表格，知文章大意
通过略读树状图，可知本文话题是“人口下降”，并且分析了几个国家存在的人口问题。
第二步：定位，定词，定性，定形
任务型阅读树状图高度概括了原文信息，为了节约时间并且提高解题的针对性，先读图中的内容，然后在原文中进行定位，定位后进行定词，定词后定性(如名词、动词、形容词、副词)，最后定形(如单复数、非谓语形式、大小写等)。
1．原文词汇类
74．答案economic
解析文章第三、四、五段分别分析了中国、俄罗斯、印度存在的人口问题以及对本国经济发展的影响，结合第三、五段中出现的economic development以及第四段中出现的economic promise可判断填economic。
79．答案immigration
解析最后一段介绍了美国解决人口问题的办法，即通过移民入境增加外国劳动力。根据“One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration.”可判断填immigration。
2．转换词汇类
73．答案immediate
解析根据第二段中的“...which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.”可知，发展中国家出生率的下降可能会导致几十年后灾难性的劳动力短缺，由within a few decades可知出生率下降带来的影响可能不会立即显现出来，故填immediate。
75．答案old/older
解析根据第三段第一句“A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China，for instance.”可知，中国很有可能出现年轻劳动力减少的问题，也就是说中国的劳动力群体正在变老，此处既可以用old的原级，也可以用其比较级。
76．答案earlier
解析根据第四段中的“...people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961.”可知，当前俄罗斯人的寿命比1961年时要短，live a shorter life可以同义替换为earlier death(早逝)。
3．概括词汇类
71．答案lower
解析根据第一段最后一句“...declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.”可知，出生率的下降是21世纪的特征，也就是说，21世纪的出生率可能会比20世纪的更低，故填lower。
72．答案size/scale
解析根据第二段中的“...almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate.”可知，大部分发达国家正经历着人口负增长，也就是说发达国家难以保持人口的规模，“人口的规模”用the size/scale of population表达。77．答案living/life
解析根据第四段中的“...but poor diet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it.”可知，糟糕的饮食习惯尤其是长期酗酒与俄罗斯人寿命变短有很大的关系，所以需要改变人们的生活方式，“生活方式”可以用way of living/life表达。
78．答案equality
解析根据第五段中的“In a further twist，birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas and lowest in highly educated urban areas.”可知，在教育水平落后的农村地区出生率最高，而在教育水平发达的城市地区出生率最低。由此可以推断，暂时不考虑出生率问题，如果印度能够实现教育机会均等的话，它的经济可能会腾飞，故填equality。80．答案compensate
解析根据最后一段可知，移民入境将会弥补美国年轻劳动力不足的问题，“弥补”可用compensate for表示。
第三步：复查并且将答案填在答题卡上
复查完确认不需要修改之后，将试卷上所写答案填在答题卡指定区域，注意要认真书写，不能潦草。
信息捕捉题就是常见的原文词汇题，这是属于对学生英语中低层水平能力的考查。一般占50%左右，原文词汇题是基础题目，考查学生从文章中捕捉信息的能力。一般可以直接通过表格和原文进行对照，边读文章边可以找出与试题相关的信息，获取到相关单词，有时候试题和原文句型的句式不同，需进行简单的逻辑推理然后找到相应的单词，不需变化，直接填入。解题关键是信息的定位和筛选。
(2018·盐城三模)
Artificial intelligence(AI) is rushing into business.Firms of all types are using AI to forecast demand，hire workers and deal with customers.The McKinsey Global Institute，a think-tank within a consultancy，forecasts that just applying AI to marketing，sales and supply chains could create economic value of 2.7 trn over the next 20 years.
Such grand forecasts fuel anxiety as well as hope.Less familiar，but just as important，is how AI will transform the workplace.
Start with the benefits.AI ought to improve productivity.Humanyze，a people analytics software provider，combines data from its badges(工牌) with employees’ calendars and e-mails to work out，say，whether office layouts favour teamwork.Slack，
a workplace messaging app，helps managers assess how quickly employees accomplish https://www.doczj.com/doc/d71350749.html,panies will see when workers are not just dozing off but also misbehaving.
Employees will gain，too.Thanks to advances in computer vision，AI can check that workers are wearing safety equipment and that no one has been harmed on the factory floor.Some will appreciate more feedback on their work and welcome a sense of how to do better.
Machines can help ensure that pay rises and promotions go to those who deserve them.That starts with hiring.People often have biases but algorithms(算法)，if designed correctly，can be more unprejudiced.Software can flag patterns that people might miss.
Yet AI’s benefits will come with many potential drawbacks.Algorithms may not be free of the biases of their programmers，which can have unintended consequences.The length of a travel may predict whether an employee will quit a job，but this focus may harm poorer applicants.Older staff might work more slowly than younger ones and could risk losing their positions if all AI looks for is productivity.And surveillance(监控) may feel Orwellian—a sensitive matter now that people have begun to question how much Facebook and other tech giants know about their private lives.
As regulators and employers weigh the pros and cons of AI in the workplace，three principles ought to guide its spread.First，data should be anonymised where possible.Microsoft，for example，has a product that shows individuals how they manage their time in the office，but gives managers information only in aggregated(整合) form.Second，the use of AI ought to be transparent.Employees should be told what technologies are being used in their workplaces and which data are being gathered.As a matter of routine，algorithms used by firms to hire，fire and promote should be tested for bias and unintended https://www.doczj.com/doc/d71350749.html,st，countries should let individuals request their own data，whether they are ex-workers wishing to contest a dismissal or jobseekers hoping to demonstrate their ability to prospective employers.
The march of AI into the workplace calls for trade-offs between privacy and performance.A fairer，more productive workforce is a prize worth having，but not if it chains employees.Striking a balance will require thought，a willingness for both
employers and employees to adapt，and a strong dose of humanity.
71．答案promise/hope
解析原文词汇题。根据第二段第一句“Such grand forecasts fuel anxiety as well as hope.”中的hope的提示， AI的前景很好，但是对于工厂有不良的影响。故填promise/hope。72．答案monitoring
解析转换词汇题。根据第三段最后一句“Companies will see when workers are not just dozing off but also misbehaving.”可知，公司会监视员工是否打瞌睡或者行为不当，故填monitoring。
73．答案guarantee/ensure
解析转换词汇题。根据第四段第二句中的“AI can check that workers are wearing safety equipment and that no one has been harmed on the factory floor”可知，AI可以保障工人的安全，确认他们穿着安全设备，不会受伤。故填guarantee 或 ensure。
74．答案system
解析概括词汇题。根据第五段最后两句“People often have biases but algorithms(算法)，if designed correctly，can be more unprejudiced.Software can flag patterns that people might miss.”讲到了人们可能会因为存在偏见而不公正，但软件可以解决这个问题，也就是有一个更好的升职加薪系统。故填system。
75．答案disadvantage
解析转换词汇题。根据第六段第四句“Older staff might work more slowly than younger ones ...”可知，年长员工效率可能比年轻员工低，容易被淘汰，处于弱势。故填disadvantage。
76．答案violated/disturbed
解析转换词汇题。根据第六段末句中的“now that people have begun to question how much Facebook and other tech giants know about their priv ate lives”可知，人们开始质疑脸书还有其他科技巨头对他们的私人生活有多么了解，也就是说人们的隐私被侵犯、打扰。故填violated/disturbed。
77．答案guiding
解析转换词汇题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“three principles ought to guide its spread”可知应用guide的相关形式。此处作定语，故填guiding。
78．答案Inform
解析转换词汇题。根据倒数第二段第五句“Employees should be told what technologies
are being used in their workplaces and which data are being gathered.”可知，员工需要被告知信息。这里考查固定搭配 inform sb.of sth，故填Inform。
79．答案Permit/Allow
解析转换词汇题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Last，countries should let individuals request their own data...”可知，应允许员工为了个人需求访问这
些数据。固定搭配allow/permit sb.to do sth，故填Permit/Allow。
80．答案willing
解析转换词汇题。根据最后一段最后一句“...a willingness for both employers and employees to adapt...”可知，管理者和员工愿意互相接受和尊重。固定搭配be willing to do sth，故填willing。
高考英语24个话题写作常用语块 话题1:个人情况 1.出生于be born in 2.主修理工 major in 3.毕业于 /毕业后graduate from/after graduation 4.从事于 be engaged in/go in for 5.有着……的天赋have a gift for / be gifted I / have a talent for 6. 受到良好教育的 well-educated 7. 中国国籍(of) Chinese nationality 8. 电话号码telephone number 9. 把心思用在 put one’s heart into 10. 集中精力于concentrate on / focus one’s attention on 11. 致力于 /献身于devote oneself to sth/doing sth/ be devoted to… 12. 积极从事……be active in sth 13. 对……做研究do research on 14. 对……不在乎cares little about 15. 工作到深夜 work until midnight 16. 获得硕士学位get/gain a master’s degree 17. 获得第一名win the first prize (in…) 18. 大获成功 achieve great success 19. 被……录取；考入be admitted to 20. 被认为是……be regarded as/be considered as/be considered to be 21. 作为……被铭记be remembered as 22. (在……上 )排名第一rank No.1 (in); rank the first (in) 23. 因为……获得很多奖 receive many awards for 24. 用某物奖赏某人reward sb. with sth. 25. 凭着无比的决心with great determination 话题2:家庭、朋友与周围的人 1. 一个五岁的男孩a boy aged five; a five-year-old boy 2. 在他十 /三十多岁时 in his teens/thirties 3. 五岁时 at the age of five 4. 在某人童年时in one’s childhood 5. 过着……的生活live/lead/have a…life 6. 谋生earn one’s living; make a living 7. 照顾look after/take care of/attend to/care for 8. 养育；培养bring up 9. 对某人要求严格be strict with sb 10. 由……引起 result from 11. 导致result in; lead to; contribute to; bring about; give rise to; cause 12. 有能力做某事be able to do sth; have the ability to do sth 13. 很有才能的女子 a woman of great ability 14. 在……方面熟练 be skilled/skillful in 15. 在……方面有经验be experienced in 16. 获得……称号 be given the title of 17. 获得金 /银牌 win a gold/silver medal 18. 获诺贝尔奖 win/receive the Nobel Prize 19. 得到全世界的关注get the world’s attention 20. 不计名利 care little for money and fame 21. 留学深造 go abroad for further studies 22. 找到做某事的方法 find a way to do sth 23. 带/送某人到某地take/send sb.to… 24. 情不自禁地做某事can’t help doing sth 25. 给我们树立好榜样set us a good example / set a good example to us
高考英语完形填空 2008 年 Evel yn Gle nn ie was the first lady of solo percussi on in Scotia nd. In an in terview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist （打击乐器独奏演员）in spite of her disability. “ Early on I decided not to allow the 36 of others to stop me from beco ming a musician. I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began 37 piano lessons when I was eight. The older I got, the more my passion （酷爱）for music grew. But I also bega n to gradually lose my 38. Doctors con cluded that the nerve damage was the 39 _ and by age twelve, I was completely deaf. But my love for music n ever 40 me. ___ “ My 41 was to become a percussion soloist, even though there were none at that time. To perform, I 42 to hear music differently from others. I play in my stocking feet and can 43 the pitch of a note （音调高彳氐）by the vibrations （振动）.I feel through my body and through my 44. My entire sound world exists by making use of almost every 45 that I have. “ I was 46 to be assessed as a musician, not as a deaf musician, and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London. No other deaf stude nt had 47 this __________________ before and some teachers 48 my admission. Based on myperformanee, I was 49 admitted and went to 5 __________ with the academy ' s highest honors. “ After that, I established myself as the first f ull-time solo percussi oni st. I 51 a nd arra nged a lot of musical compositi ons since 52 had bee n writte n specially for solo percussi oni sts. “ I have been a soloist for over ten years. 53 the doctor thought was a totally deaf, it didn ' t 54 that my passion couldn ' t be realized. I would encourage people not to allow themselves to be 55 by others. Follow your passion; follow your heart, they will lead you to the place you want to go. 36. A. con diti ons B. opinions C. actions D. recomme ndati ons 37. A. enjoying B. choos ing C. taking D. givi ng 38. A. sight B. heari ng C. touch D. taste 39. A. evide nee B. result C. excuse D. cause 40. A. left B. excited C. accompa nied D. disappo in ted 41. A. purpose B. decisi on C. promise D. goal 42. A. turned B. lear ned C. used D. ought 43. A. tell B. see C. hear D. smell 44. A. carefu In ess B. moveme nt C. imag in ati on D. experie nee 45. A. sense B. effort C. feeli ng D. idea 46. A. dissatisfied B. ast oni shed C. determ ined D. discouraged 47. A. done B. accepted C. advised D. admitted 48. A. supported B. followed C. required D.opposed 49. A. usually B. fin ally C. possibly D. hopefully 50. A. study B. research C. graduate D. progress 51. A. wrote B. tran slated C. copied D. read 52. A. eno ugh B. some C. many D. few 53. A. However B. Although C. When D. Si nee
江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编 主谓一致和时态 21.（2013江苏） Generally,students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers ______ essential to their development. A. is 【答案】A 25.（2013江苏）—Could I use your car tomorrow morning? —Sure. I ______ a report at home. A. will be writing C. have written 【答案】A 34.（2013江苏）—What about your self-drive trip yesterday? —Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ______ a rough ride. A. had 【答案】A 32.(2012江 苏)ThemanagerissaidtohavearrivedbackfromPariswherehe________some European partners. A. would meet B. is meeting C. meets D. had met 32.【考点】动词的时态和语态—过去完成时 【答案】D
【解析】根据句中“is said to have arrived”可知，arrive这个动作是在过去发生的，而会面的动作则在arrive的动作之前发生的，即在过去的过去发生的动作，所以用过去完成时，故选D项。 【易错点拨】本题时态选择的关键是根据“is said to have arrived”可知，这一动作发生在过去，因此“会面”这个动作是在到达之前发生的，所以用过去完成时。 【难度】较难 34.(2012江 苏)Thepresidenthopesthatthepeoplewillbebetteroffwhenhequitsthan when he________. A. has started B. starts C. started D. will start 34.【考点】动词时态—一般过去时 【答案】C 【解析】句意为：这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。根据句意，总统开始上任是过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时。故选C项。 【易错分析】考生容易根据when he quits而误选B项。事实上whenhe quits中的quits是用了一般现在时来代替一般将来时。B. haveC. would haveD. have had B. will have writtenB. are C. was D. were D. have been writing 【难度】较难 35. (2012江苏)—Happy birthday! —Thank you!It’s the best present Ifor. A. should have wished B. must have wished
2019届江苏高考英语模拟卷 第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. The search for ______ essence of Christianity necessarily led people in ______ Greek to concentrate on ideas. A. the; / B. an; the C. the; the D. an; a 2. We have our own lives to live, and we can't let something like this _______with our lives . A. to interfere B. interfering C. interfered D. interfere 3. The quality objectives of a company shall be measurable and _______ with the quality policy. A. changeable B. consistent C. acceptable D. adjustable 4. It is inevitable that nationality clothing would be be of fashion. A. bound to B. up to C. about to D. likely to 5. ---What is he talking about? ---Err, sorry. I _______ of my father’s being ill. A. think B. thought C. am thinking D. was thinking 6. --- If it hadn’t been raining so hard, I might have been home much earlier. --- It’s too bad you _____ it. Nancy _____ here and she _____ to see you. A. didn’t make; is; was B. won’t make; will be; wants C. didn’t make; was; wanted D. wont’ make; would be; wanted 7. Every member tries their best to finish the important work, they aren’t permitted to go home on time. A. therefore B. meanwhile C. otherwise D. somehow 8. his performance in his study, no one can match him in his class. However, he is not liked by most of his classmates. A. In terms of B. On behalf of C. As a result of D. In face of 9. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example. A. for which B. at which C. of which D. from which 10. —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? —The key the problem is to meet the demand by the customers. A. to solving; making B. to solving; made C. to solve; making D. to solve; made 11. —I find it astonishing that John be so rude to me. — Not astonishing at all. He is always rude to others. A. should B. must C. might D. ought to 12. I am really sorry for making you feel embarrassed at the party. I did not mean to you. A. offend B. disturb C. attack D. cheat 13. The books written by Yang Hongying are and that’s why she is important among children. A. taking away B. taking off C. taking down D. taking up 14. The director of our department is determined to promote _______ he thinks is energetic, wise and capable to the position. A. whomever B. whichever C. whoever D. whatever
A. Visit his parents. B. Go to the movies. C. Walk along Broadway. 7. Who watches musical plays most often? A. Bill. B. Sarah. C. Bill's parents. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does David want to speak to Mike? A. To invite him to a party. B. To discuss a schedule. C. To call off a meeting. 9. What do we know about the speakers? A. They are colleagues. B. They are close friends. C. They've never met before. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What kind of camera does the man want? A. A TV camera. B. A video camera. C. A movie camera. 11. Which function is the man most interested in? A. Underwater filming. B. A large memory. C. Auto-focus. 12. How much would the man pay for the second camera? A. 950 euros. B. 650 euros. C. 470 euros. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who is Clifford? A. A little girl. B. The man's pet. C. A fictional character. 14. Who suggested that Norman paint for children's books? A. His wife. B. Elizabeth. C. A publisher. 15. What is Norman's story based on? A. A book. B. A painting. C. A young woman. 16. What is it that shocked Norman? A. His unexpected success. B. His efforts made in vain. C. His editor's disagreement. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who would like to make small talk according to the speaker? A. Relatives. B. Strangers. C. Visitors. 18. Why do people have small talk?
2019届江苏省高考英语模拟试卷（4） 英语试题 (考试时间:120分钟,满分:120分) 说明:请将第Ⅰ卷各题答案按要求填涂在答题卡上。 第I卷(三部分,共85分) 第一部分:听力(共两节,满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍 1. What might the woman be good at? A. Looking after kids B. Taking care of elderly people C. Helping people find jobs 2. What's on the girl's notebook cover? A. Flowers B. A superstar. C. Cartoon animals. 3. What is the man going to do first this afternoon? A. Finish his speech draft. B. Go to the woman’s club C. Pick up his son from school. 4. What are the speakers in a hurry to do? A. Buy a map B. Attend a meeting C. Find Mr. Darwin 5. Where will the speakers have a talk? A. In a park. B. In an office C. In a cafe 第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍 听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What does the woman ask Jim about the meeting A. The time. B. The purpose C. The place 7. What does the woman advise Jim to do? A. Deal with the conflicts early B. Avoid being late for the meeting C Set up a fixed meeting schedule 听下面一段对话,回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What does the woman teach Jamie to do? A. Boil some eggs B. Bathe the baby C. Clean the floor. 9. How does the woman find Jamie’s performance? A. Surprising B. Disappointing C. Satisfying 听下面一段对话,回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. Why does the man want to see Jane? A. To ask about her family
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷) 英语 第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分) 第一节:单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 21.We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance ofcoming true. A. which B.what C. when D. that 【答案】C 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。 22.The musician along with his band members ________ ten performancesin the last three months. A. gives B.has given C.havegiven D.give 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，故排除AD选项。本句主语为the musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
23.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________ theyneed medical assistance. A. if only B.as if C. eventhough D.in case 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only要是……多好；B. as if好像，仿佛； C. even though即使，尽管； D. in case以备，以防，免得。故选D符合语境。 24.More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand forclean energy. A. Takeup B.clearup C.holdup D. spring up 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：为了满足对清洁能源的需求，更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。A. take up开始从事，占领，开始干（工作）； B. clear up整理，收拾，解决（问题）； C. hold up（论点、理论等）站得住脚，阻挡，举起； D. spring up出现，涌现。故选D。 25.Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is findingits way into the human body. A. what B.that C. which D. where 【答案】B
2012普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 英语答案解析 第一部分听力 略 第二部分英语知识运用 21.【答案】C 【解析】名词的词义辨析。advice“建议，忠告”；question“问题，询问”；offer“提议，好意”；idea“主意，想法”。根据句意，故选C。 【考点】名词的词义辨析。 22.【答案】B 【解析】分析句子成分可知此句为定语从句，各先行词people代入定语从句后为：people urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive，可知先行词在从句中作主语，所以排除C项；what不能引导定语从句，故排除D项；因为先行词为“人”，所以排除A项。故答案为B项。 【考点】关系代词。 23.【答案】D 【解析】根据转折连词but可知，此处应用表示否定意义的代词，所以排除A、B两项。neither意为“两者都不”；none意为“三者或三者以上都不”。根据前半句中的“a reply”提示可知，选D项。 【考点】不定代词。 24.【答案】A 【解析】A真让人轻松；B恭喜你！C真让人惊讶；D对不起；根据句中上下文的理解，应该是让人觉得轻松的事情，所以选择A。 【考点】感叹句。 25.【答案】A 【解析】反问时，应和主句的主语保持一致。这句话和There is little doubt一致，little“几乎没有”是否定词，遵循前否后肯的原则，反意问句用is there？故选A。 【考点】反义疑问句。 26.【答案】D 【解析】A项run off with表示“与某人私奔，偷走”；B项run up against表示“遭遇（困难）”；C项run out of表示“用完，耗尽”；D项run away with表示“躲开，躲避，回避（责任等）”；根据句意，D项与题意相符。故答案选D。
江苏省英语高考词汇表2020 说明： 本词汇表以教育部颁发的普通高中英语课程标准（实验）词汇表和话题项目表为依据，对2020年江苏省英语考试说明词汇表进行了适当的调整，旨在使其更好地适应我省考生英语学习的实际需要。本词汇表删去了原表中非常用词169个，均为朗文当代高级英语辞典及其他常用词典词频表中3000常用词以外的词汇。新增单词169个，均为以上词频表中3000以内常用词，新增词汇均以“*”标出。经调整后本词表共收录3500词。 *本词汇表不列词组和短语。 *本词汇表不列语法术语。 *部分可根据构词法推导出的副词、名词等不单列。 %国家名称及相关信息单独列出。 *数字（含基数词、序数词）、星期、月份等词单独列出。 A a (an) art. 一（个、件……） abandon v. 放弃,遗弃 ability n. 能力；才能 able a. 能够；有能力的 abnormal a.反常的，不正常的 aboard prep./adv.搭乘 abolish v.废除，废止 about ad. 大约；到处；四处
prep. 关于；在各处；四处 above prep. 在……上面 a. 上面的 ad. 在……之上 abroad ad. 到（在）国外 abrupt a.突然的，意外的，粗鲁的absence n. 不在，缺席 absent a. 缺席，不在 absolute a.纯粹的，绝对的 absorb v.吸收，吸取 abstract a.& n.抽象的/精粹，摘要absurd a.不合理的，荒谬的 abundant a.丰富的，充足的 abuse v.滥用，辱骂 academic a. & n. 学术上的/大学生，教师accelerate v.增速，加速 accent n. 口音，音调 accept vt. 接受 *acceptable a. 值得接受的, 可接受的access n.& v. 接近，进入，通道/存取accessible a.易到手的，易接近的 accident n. 事故，意外的事accommodation n.住宿设备，便利
2012年江苏高考英语试卷分析 今年的江苏英语高考试卷总体上说比前两年增加了较大的难度。据考生反映，主要是完形与阅读题比较难。很多同学感觉时间紧，来不及做，特别是没有充足的时间完成书面表达。但纵观整张试卷，它充分体现了新课标的理念，给英语教学指明了方向，不失为一份比较成功的试卷。 一、听力仍平稳。听力题沿用了全国命题的材料，话题涉及购物、餐饮、度假等，大多数同学在平时的训练材料中能听到。语速与去年相仿，材料基本上从短到长。最后一段改用了对话，替代了以前的独白。 二、单选重交际。今年的单选题比以往更重生活实际，语言简洁明了，很好地诠释了语法在交际中的语用功能。同去年有所不同的是，减少了词汇辨析题，增加了一道交际题和反义疑问句考题（25道）。 三、完形变文体。完形填空第一次改变了文体，由原先夹叙夹议、叙述为主的文章，变成了一篇纯议论文，长句、难句明显增多，没有故事与情节，从而大大增加了完成难度。 四、阅读增难度。阅读题一共4篇，其中C、D两篇阅读的难度都比较大。今年的阅读篇目首先改变了顺序，应用文放在了第一篇。其次是创新，原先的猜词题变成了猜短语与猜句子。具体来说：A篇阅读是一篇应用文，内容是关于“如果你一个人独自留在一个孤岛上，你最需要什么?”的调查，题目设置难度还好；B篇是讲“美国农业缺少专业大学生从事农业生产”的问题，也不算难；C篇阅读题是一篇科普文章，讲的是“怎样使用胶囊，让吃药更加安全、疗效好”，这篇生词比较多，汉语注释达6个。其中65题还首次考了填词题；D 篇阅读不是以往的文学作品，内容讲的则是“老师谈教学生文学阅读的感受”。文章较长，长句难句明显增多。D篇的句子猜题中"a book must be the ax for the frozen sea inside us", 运用了明喻和暗喻的写作手法等，以致学生感觉难度大、耗时多。 五、任务型平稳过。任务型阅读难度与去年接近，但词性变化题较多，学生不易把握。 六、书面表达命题巧。题目大致为“生活中冲突时常发生，假如你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执导致关系紧张，请你结合表格提示用英语写一篇题为…happy teens?的短文。”今年这个题大家猜不到，避开了热点题，还原了表格题。但是考生有话可写。书面表达命题体现了“三贴”原则，即贴近时代，贴近生活，贴近学生；体现了命题方向，提示内容少，发挥空间大。
高考英语完形填空 2008年 Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability. “Early on I decided not to allow the 36 of others to stop me from becoming a musician. I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began 37 piano lessons when I was eight. The older I got, the more my passion (酷爱) for music grew. But I also began to gradually lose my 38. Doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the 39 and by age twelve, I was completely deaf. But my love for music never 40 me. “My41 was to become a percussion soloist, even though there were none at that time. To perform, I 42 to hear music differently from others. I play in my stocking feet and can 43 the pitch of a note (音调高低) by the vibrations (振动). I feel through my body and through my 44. My entire sound world exists by making use of almost every 45 that I have. “I was 46 to be assessed as a musician, not as a deaf musician, and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London. No other deaf student had 47 this before and some teachers 48 my admission. Based on my performance, I was 49 admitted and went to 50 with the academy’s highest honors. “After that, I established myself as the first f ull-time solo percussionist. I 51 and arranged a lot of musical compositions since 52 had been written specially for solo percussionists. “I have been a soloist for over ten years. 53 the doctor thought was a totally deaf, it didn’t 54 that my passion cou ldn’t be realized. I would encourage people not to allow themselves to be 55 by others. Follow your passion; follow your heart, they will lead you to the place you want to go.” 36. A. conditions B. opinions C. actions D. recommendations 37. A. enjoying B. choosing C. taking D. giving 38. A. sight B. hearing C. touch D. taste 39. A. evidence B. result C. excuse D. cause 40. A. left B. excited C. accompanied D. disappointed 41. A. purpose B. decision C. promise D. goal 42. A. turned B. learned C. used D. ought 43. A. tell B. see C. hear D. smell 44. A. carefulness B. movement C. imagination D. experience 45. A. sense B. effort C. feeling D. idea 46. A. dissatisfied B. astonished C. determined D. discouraged 47. A. done B. accepted C. advised D. admitted 48. A. supported B. followed C. required D. opposed 49. A. usually B. finally C. possibly D. hopefully 50. A. study B. research C. graduate D. progress 51. A. wrote B. translated C. copied D. read 52. A. enough B. some C. many D. few 53. A. However B. Although C. When D. Since
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试江苏卷（英语）解析版 第Ⅰ卷（选择题共50分） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将您的答案转涂到客观答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下小题，每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. ξ19.15. B. ξ9.15. C. ξ9.18 答案是B。 1.Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a classroom C. In a library 2. At what time will the film begin? A. 7:20 B. 7:15 C.7:00 3.What are the two speakers mainly talking about? A. T heir friend Jane. B. A weekend trip C.A radio programme 4.What will the woman probably do? A. Catch a train B. See the man off C. Go shopping 5. Why did the woman apologize? A. She made a late delivery B. She went to the wrong place C. She couldn?t take the cake back 第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出的最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Whose CD is broken? A. K athy?s B. Mun?s C. Jack?s 7. What dose the boy promise to do for the girl? A. Buy her new CD. B. Do some cleaning. C. Give her 10 dollars. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。