Part 1. Warming up
Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending
1.I thought，at the time，that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many time.我当时认为这只是个故事，但是后来我却多次亲眼目睹了这样的事情。
witness vt.目睹；目击；为……作证
句型witness to (doing/having done) sth.证明某事；证实做了某事
Police are appealing to any driver who may have witnessed the accident.警方正呼吁曾目睹这事故的司机出面作证。
The 1980s witnessed increasing unemployment throughout Europe.20世纪80年代是全欧洲失业日益加剧的年代。
Her principal was called to witness to her good character.她的校长被传唤来证明她优良的品质。The driver witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.司机作证说，他看到此人进入那栋建筑物。
n.证据；目击者
He has been a witness to a terrible murder.他目击了一起残忍的凶杀事件。
His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.他身体健康证明这种疗法是成功的。
2.One afternoon I arrived at the station, as I was sorting out my accommodation, I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.
归纳总结
accommodation n.住处；停留处；和解，调解；(pl.)住宿，膳宿
(1)make accommodations for...为……提供膳宿
book accommodation at a hotel向旅馆预订房间
arrange sb.’s accommodation给某人安排住处
（2）accommodate vt.向……提供住宿（或膳宿）；容纳；为……提供空间；考虑到；顾及；帮忙；给……提供方便；顺应，适应（新情况）
accommodate...to=adapt...to使……适应
accommodate oneself to=adapt (oneself) to适应；顺应
accommodate sb.with sth.=supply sb.with sth.给某人提供……
即学即用
（1）客座艺术家们只好自掏腰包支付食宿费用。
Guest artists have to pay for their own accommodations and meals.
（2）旅馆房间不足。The hotel accommodation is scarce.
（3）这幢房子可容纳两家人居住。The house can accommodate two families
(4)银行将提供一笔贷款给你。The bank will accommodate you with a loan.
(5)你必须使自己适应形势。You will have to accommodate yourself to the situation.
3.We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.
搭配opposite to…在……的对面；与……相反
I sat opposite to him during the meal. 吃饭的时候我坐在他的对面。
The result was opposite to what we expected. 结果与我们所预料的正好相反。see...doing... 看见……正在做……；throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语an enormous animal存在逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词形式。
I saw the little child crossing the street.我看见那个小孩儿在过马路。
(1)在感官动词see, hear, look at, notice, observe, feel, find等及使役动词have, make, leave, keep, get等后既可以用不定式也可以用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。不定式(不带to)表示过程或动
词完成，v.-ing形式强调进行或当时情景。
(2)另外在感官动词see, hear, feel等及使役动词make, get, have, keep等后也可用动词-ed形式作宾语补足语，宾语与宾补之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
The boss kept the workers working the whole night.那个老板让工人整夜地工作。
I have never heard him spoken ill of.我从未听说过有人说他的坏话。
I have my hair cut once a month.我每月理一次发。
4. “Come on, Clancy. To the boat”, George said as he ran ahead of me.
come on（祈使句，表示劝说，激励，不耐烦，催促）来吧，赶快，得了吧
与come相关的短语：
come about 发生
come across 偶然遇见
come out 出版
come through 经历...仍活着,安然渡过
come to 总计
come up 被提出；长出地面
come up with 提出
come about , come through, come out , come up, come to , come across
1)The cost of the journey _______ 3000 yuan.
2)How did the accident ___________ ?
3)When will the book __________ ?
4)I _____________ my teacher in the street yesterday .
5)The seeds haven’t __________ yet .
6)The old man ___________ the World War I.
comes to come about come out came across come up came through
5.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的号角。
be about to do表示打算或即将发生的动作，但它不与表示将来时间的副词或其他具体将来时间状语连用。但可以与when连用，构成固定句型。
6.Within a moment or two, its body was dragged swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea.
drag vt. 拖；拉vi.拖曳；吸
drag away 用力拖，拉
drag out/on (使)持续过久，拖延
drag sb. down 使身体垮掉；使情绪低落
Her dress dragged on the floor.她的裙子在地板上拖曳着。
Angry protesters were dragged away by the police.愤怒的抗议者被警察拖走了。
They dragged out the meeting with long speeches.他们的发言长篇大论，使会议拖了很长时间。
7.“In the meantime,Old Tom,and the others are having a good feed on its lips and tongue,”...在这段时间里，老汤姆和其他虎鲸会饱餐一顿的，鲸唇和鲸舌就是它们的美食……
in the meantime意为“在……期间，同时”，其同义词是meanwhile。
for the meantime 目前，眼下
8.“Man overboard! Turn the boat around!”urged George, shouting loudly.
归纳总结
urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策。
(1)urge sth./sb.on催促某物/某人前进
urge sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事
urge sb.into doing sth.催促某人做某事
(2)urge that...极力主张，强调，从句谓语形式为(should)+动词原形
It is urged that...坚决要求……，从句谓语形式为（should）+动词原形
即学即用
（1）他要求所有学生参加这次活动。He argued all the students to take part in this activity. （2）我强调他要尽自己最大的努力。I urgued that he (should) do his best.
（3）有人极力主张他应受到惩罚。It was urgued that he should be punished .
9.The sea was rough that day and it was difficult to handle the boat.那天海面上风大浪高，很难操纵船只。
be+adj.+to do在“主语+系动词+形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式与主语在意义上是动宾关系，但要用主动形式表被动意义；如果不定式的动词是不及物的，要在不定式后边加介词。用于这种句式中的形容词常为：easy, difficult, heavy, hard, nice, bitter, dangerous, interesting, important, comfortable, pleasant, impossible等。
此句型中还可用it作形式主语，常构成以下结构：It’s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事……It’s+adj.+of sb.to do sth.某人如此……而做某事
10.From James’s face,I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.
归纳总结
abandon vt.遗弃,放弃；n. 放任，放纵。
abandon oneself to...纵情；沉溺于……
abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
with abandon放纵地，放任地
abandoned adj.无约束的；无度的；放荡的
【巧学助记】
The child was abandoned by his parents. Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street，abandoning himself to despair.那个孩子被他的父母遗弃了，后来有人发现那个被抛弃的孩子在大街上游荡，他已陷入了绝望。
11.It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James, and when we approached him, I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom.
归纳总结
(1)在It takes (sb.) some time/sth.to do sth.
句型中，take意为“花费，需要”，take前也可用具体名词作主语。
It takes/took/will take sb.some time to do sth.是一固定句型。也可用于It takes/took/will take sb.some money to do sth.。
(2)it作形式主语时，还可构成以下句型：
强调句型：It is+被强调部分+who/that...
It is the first/second time that...某人第几次做某事
It is (high) time that sb.did/should do sth.是某人该做……的时候了
It’s said/reported/thought that...据说/报道/认为……
It’s a pity/a shame/a wonder that...可惜/奇怪的是……
It happens/appears/seems that...恰巧/好像……
It seems/looks as if...看起来好像……
It’s up to sb.to do sth....该某人做某事
hold up ①举起；抬起②承受住；支撑③维持；保持良好④阻挡；使停顿；耽误The pupil held up his hand to ask the teacher a question.那个学生举手要问老师一个问题。
The chair was too weak to hold him up. 那把椅子承受不住他的重量。
I hope the fine weather will hold up.我希望这么好的天气会持续下去。
提示hold up 作“阻挡，使停顿，耽误”解时，常用被动语态。
We were held up for five minutes in a traffic jam.我们赶上了交通阻塞，被耽误了5分钟。hold 相关短语
hold down压制，抑制；缩减；垂下
The rate of inflation must be held down.通货膨胀率必须控制在低水平上。
Hold it down, will you? I’m trying to sleep!小点声行吗？我要睡觉。
hold back 踌躇；阻止，抑制（感情等）；隐瞒
She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news.她踌躇着，不知如何说出这一可怕的消息。
She just managed to hold back her anger.她勉强压住了自己的怒火。
hold on 等着，停住；坚持住；不挂断；抓住……不放
Hold on, this isn’t the right road. 等一下！这条路不对。
They managed to hold on until help arrived.他们坚持到救援来。
Hold on and don’t let go until I say so. 握紧，等我让你松手时再松开。
hold out 伸出；提供，维持；阻止，制止
They all held out their hands to welcome me.
Such a situation held out for another half a month.
up 相关短语
keep up 继续，坚持
take up 开始从事于，占据，拿起
bring up 抚养，培养
make up 组成，编造，化妆
pick up 拾起，学会，得到，(用车)去接，搭载
put up 搭建起，张贴，投宿
set up 建立，建造
show up 露面，出席
throw up 呕吐
turn up 出现，出席，调高(音量)
12. What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out?
归纳总结
help out意为：帮助……摆脱困境或危难。
help sb.(to) do sth.帮某人做某事
help (to) do sth.帮忙做某事
cannot help doing sth.禁不住做某事
cannot help but do sth.不能不/不得不做某事
help oneself (to sth.)自用；自取所需（食物等）
help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事
with the help of... 在……帮助下=with one’s help
13.It seemed there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner...看起来好像每个角落里都有惊喜在等着我……
It seemed...意为“看来......”，其中seem为动词，意为“看起来像……，似乎……，好像……”。
Part 3. Learning about Language
Part 4. Using Language
1.I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day.
归纳总结
reflect vt. 映射；反射；vi. & vt.思考
(1)reflect sb./sth.in sth.（指镜子等）映出某人/物的影像
reflect sth.from sth.从某物（表面）反射（光、热、声等）
reflect on/upon sth.思考某事
(2)reflection n.反射，反照，反映；映像
be lost in reflection陷入沉思中
即学即用
(1)她坐着，在思考自从他买下这个农场以来发生了多少变化。
She sat reflecting on how much it had changed since he’d bought the farm.
(2)这种材料吸音，而不产生回音。This material absorbs the sound, and doesn’t reflect it.
(3)这一事件给相关人士都造成了恶劣影响。This incident reflects badly on everyone involved.
2.The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colors surrounding me—purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens.
归纳总结
be/become aware of意为：对……知道，明白；意识到……。
(1)be aware that知道；体会到……
as far as I’m aware据我所知
(2)develop an awareness of...逐渐懂得……
lack of awareness缺乏认识
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（1）大多数人知道酒后开车的危险。
Most people are aware of the dangers of driving after drinking.
（2）我想你还不知道这对我有多重要。
I don’t think you’re aware of how important this means to me.
（3）她发觉东西被偷了。
She became aware that something had been stolen.
3.The fish didn’t seem to mind me swimming among them.我在这些鱼中间游泳，它们似乎并不介意。
Do/Would you mind if…..?
Do you mind doing….?....你介意吗？
不介意：Of course not. Certainly not. No, not at all. No, go ahead.
介意:I’m sorry, but I do. I’m sorry, you’d better not.
Never mind 多用来宽慰对方或用作针对歉意的答语，意思是“没关系，别介意”。
mind后接动名词有无逻辑主语意思不同。
Do you mind opening the car door for the old lady?
Do you mind my/me opening the car door for the old lady?
4....a large wise-looking turtle was passing so close to me that I could have touched it.一只长相聪慧的大海龟紧贴着我的身旁游过，几乎伸手便可触及。
could have done sth. 意为“本来能做某事(却没做)”
I could have lent you the money.Why didn’t you a sk me?我本来可以把钱借给你的，你为什么没有向我借呢？
拓展could have done与might have done 也可表示推测语气，意为“可能做了某事”，could 多用于否定句或疑问句中。
She couldn’t/can’t have been to London，for she knows nothing about it. 她不可能去过伦敦，因为她对伦敦一无所知。
He might/may have gone to sleep，for the light is turned off.他可能已睡觉了，因为灯已熄灭。
5.There were other creatures that I didn’t want to get too close to—an eel with its strong sharp teeth，with only its head showing from a hole，watching for a tasty fish (or my tasty toe！) “with复合结构”表示动作或伴随情况，在句中一般作定语或状语。它的构成形式为with ＋名词＋形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式/介词短语。
(1)with＋n.＋介词短语
The teacher entered the classroom with a thick dictionary in his hand/under his arm.老师进了教室，手里拿着一本厚词典/胳膊底下夹着一本厚词典。
(2)with＋n.＋adj.
I like sleeping with all the windows open.我喜欢开着窗子睡觉。
(3)with＋n.＋to do sth.
With all the clothes to wash，I will be very busy today.
(4)with＋n.＋doing sth.
With the boy leading the way，they had no difficulty in finding the house.有那个男孩领路，他们很容易就找到了那栋房子。
(5)with＋n.＋done
With his homework finished，the boy went out to play.做完作业后，那男孩出去玩了。
(6)with＋n.＋adv.
With her mother away，the little girl left lonely.由于妈妈离开了，小女孩感到孤独。
6..I told myself they weren’t dangerous but that didn’t stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment!
归纳总结
(be) scared to death吓死了
be scared of sb./(doing)sth.害怕某人/恐惧(干)某事
scare sb. into doing sth.恐吓/威胁某人做某事
be scared to do sth.不敢干某事
scare...away/off把……吓跑
scared adj.担惊受怕的
scare vt. 恐吓；vi.受惊吓。
即学即用
(1)那声音把我吓坏了。That noise scared me.
(2)他动不动就害怕。He scared easily.
(3)他们点起火来把狼吓跑。They lighted a fire to the scare off wolves.
(4)有些父母试图用吓唬的法子使孩子守规矩。
Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well
7. The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended，there_was_a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor. 海水是浅的，但是到了珊瑚礁的尽头,就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。
where...，there be...，意为“在……的地方，有……”，where引导地点状语从句。
①You’d better leave the medicine where kids can’t get it.你最好把药放到孩子够不到的地方。
②Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者，事竟成。
③As far as I’m concerned，you are free to go wherever you like.就我个人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里．
本单元语法
V-ing 的用法：
1.作主语
Swimming is good for health.
Raising (raise) your hat to a lady is good manners .对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。
Being killed (kill) by sharks in the sea is a common thing .
2. 作表语
Teaching is learning.教学相长．
My hobby is making (make) model planes.
What worried the child most was not being allowed (not, allow) to visit his mother in the hospital .
注意：
1）动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。如：
Playing with fire is dangerous. （泛指玩火）
To play with fire will be dangerous.（指一具体动作）
2). V-ing形式和不定式都要有对称性;当主语是不定式时，表语也用不定式；反之，当主语是V-ing 形式时，表语也用V-ing 形式。
To see is to believe.= Seeing is believing.
3). It’s no use (good) doing sth
It’s a waste of time doing sth
it 作形式主语, 只用V-ing,不用不定式。
※It is + adj. + (for sb ) to do sth
It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
It is a waste of time talking (talk) to him .
It is important for me to learn (learn) English .
3.作宾语
V-ing 形式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作介词的宾语。
We would appreciate hearing from you．我们会珍惜你的来信。
The bird escaped being caught (catch) .
I feel like joining (join) the army.
He was afraid of being abandoned (abandon) by us.
注意：
在avoid, admit, appreciate, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, put off, feel like, insist on , instead of, look forward to, object to, keep on等后只接V-ing形式作宾语。
注意
①在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。
Your car needs filling. 你这车要充气了。
This city deserves visiting. 这座城市值得光顾一下。
The problem requires studying carefully .这个问题需要认真研究。
The trees want watering .这些树需要浇水了。
②在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。
His suggestion is worth considering.
The book is worth reading.
The problem is worthy of being discussed.
The problem is worthy to be discussed.
③在allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：
We don’t allow smoking here.
We don’t allow students to smoke.
4. 作定语
The girl standing there is my sister .
This is a piece of surprising (surprise) news .
The problem being discussed (discuss) now is very important.
The farmers working (work)in the fields are tired .
5. 作状语
Hearing the good news , he jumped with joy .
He sat at the table , reading ( read ) China Daily .
Being asked (ask) to answer the question, she couldn’t refuse.
Working ( work ) hard , you will succeed .
6. 作宾语补足语:
I saw people coming and going in the street .
I heard her singing (sing) a song in her room.
You’ll find the topic being discussed (discuss) everywhere now.
7.--- Ving 一般时和一般时的被动形式;
1)He hurried home , looking behind from time to time .
2) The building being repaired is our dormitory.
--- Ving 的完成时和完成时的被动形式
1) Having lit a candle , she went out.
2) Having been asked to stay , I couldn’t leave .
3) Having heard this , our teacher expressed her satisfaction .
8. 在绝大数情况下，的逻辑主语是句子的主语，但有时前可有一个名词或代词表示视神经逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的称为独立结构。
The meeting being over, we all left the room and drove home.会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走了。
It being a holiday, all the shops were shut.由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。
9. 有少数并不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度。
Generally speaking, the novel is not very inspiring.总的来说，这部小说并不感人。
Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed.从你说的情况看，他应能成功。
Practice
1. --- What made Bill so angry?
--- ___. His girl friend promised to come at 8:30, but she hasn’t come yet.
A. Having kept waiting
B. Being kept waiting
C. To be kept waiting
D. Being kept waited
2. The building ___ in our school is for us teachers. Though there’s noise most of the day, we still feel happy about it.
A. built
B. having been built
C. to be built
D. being built
3. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.
A. catching
B. to be caught
C. being caught
D. to catch
4. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ___ into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuaded
B. persuading
C. being persuaded
D. be persuaded
5. ___ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises.
A. Having taught
B. Having been taught
C. taught
D. Teaching
6. _________ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film.
A. Having been told
B. Having told
C. Been told
D. Telling
7. He has always insisted on his ___ Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner.
A. been called
B. called
C. having called
D. being called
8. Do you mind ___ alone at home?
A. Jane leaving
B. Jane having left
C. Jane’s being left
D. Jane to be left 9．When I called Mrs Smith to ask how things were，she told me that four-fifths of the houses________.
A．have been selling out B．are selling out C．had been sold out D．have sold out 10．The book which deals with the cultures and customs of Canada________well in China.
A．is sold B．is selling C．was sold D．had sold
11．—Let’s hurry.The film is beginning.
—Oh，I was afraid that the beginning________.
A．is already missed B．will be missed
C．has already been missed D．had already been missed
12．—She didn’t speak to me yesterday.She was unhappy.
—Well，she seemed to________about it.
A．have been told B．be told C．having been told D．being told
BDCCB ADCCB DA
Fill in the blanks :
1._________ (turn) to the right , you will find the place you want .
2. ___________ (ask) to put on performance , she refused .
3. _______________ (finish) his work , Henry went home .
4. ________ (learn) new words is useful.
5. He disliked _____________ (interrupt)in his experiment .
6. I apologize for ________________(not, wait) for you .
7. _________________ (not, receive) an answer , I wrote to him again .
8. ____________________ (give) such a good chance , you should catch it .
9. I didn’t min d ___________ (leave)at home .
10. The house wants _________ (clean).
11. He came in without _________ (ask).
12. ________________ (show) around the library , we were taken to see the lab.
Turning Being asked Having finished Learning being interrupted
not having waited Not having received Having been given
being left cleaning being asked Having been shown
Transforming 句型转换(改成带-ing形式被动结构的简单句)
Example :I has always insisted that I should be called Dr. Tuner instead of Mr.Tuner.
I has always insisted on my being called Dr. Tuner instead of Mr.Tuner.
1. The bridge which is being built will be completed next month.
The bridge being built will be completed next month.
2. The little girl was eventually aware(意识) that her parents abandoned her in the mountainous village.
The little girl was eventually aware of being abandoned in the mountainous village by her parents.
3. He wouldn’t come if we don’t invite him. (without)
He wouldn’t come without being invited.
4. I noticed that some people were taken to the police station.
I noticed some people being taken to the police station.
5. After he had been examined several times, he was told that he was healthy.
Having been examined several times, he was told that he was healthy.
Combination (运用ing-form的被动式合并句子)
Example : The building is being built now.
It is our library.
The building being built now is our library.
1.He had been interviewed by the reporter.
He never talked about it.
He never talked about having been interviewed by the reporter.
2. He gave up smoking.
He had been criticized by the teacher.
Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking.
3. The hamburgers are very delicious.
They are being eaten by the children.
The hamburgers being eaten by the children are very delicious.
4.He turned around and found it.
He was being aimed at by the policeman.
He turned around and found himself being aimed at by the policeman.
5. He was being attacked by other three boys.
I saw the little boy.
I saw a little boy being attacked by other three boys.
I.单词拼写
1.He (逃跑) to London after an argument with his family.
2.Hotel (住宿) is included in the price of your holiday.
3.She has a very close (关系) with her sister.
4.The old man lived on a (退休金).
5.We (拖) the fallen tree clear of the road.
6.The captain gave orders to (舍弃) the ship.
7.She stressed the importance of good t .
8.Her face was r in the mirror.
9.The fence marks the b between my property and hers.
10.There was only a n gap between the bed and the wall.
11.You must be very careful to cut meat with this________(锋利的) knife.
12.The doctor will be here soon.In the________(同时)，try and relax.
13.The witness gave a very________(生动的) description of the accident this morning.
14.The citizens of the city________(催促) the government to build a new hospital some years ago and now their wish has come true.
15.China has a good________(声誉) with most countries all over the world, including developed countries and developing countries.
16.He has made________(整齐的) paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool.
17.Generally speaking, if you want to shoot the________(目标)，you must aim at it a little bit higher because of the effect of gravity on the arrow.
18.We worked for four hours without a pause .
19.Pictures of diseased lungs scared me into quitting smoking.
20．I saw him leave and then I drove off in the ____________(相反的)direction.
fled accommodation relationship pension dragged abandon teamwork reflected boundary narrow sharp meantime vivid urged reputation neat target
Ⅱ.重点短语再现
1. （表示空间）在……前面；（表示时间）先，预先
2. 阻止某人做某事
3. 向……瞄准
4. 在此期间；与此同时
5. 帮助（某人）摆脱困境或危难；协助
6. 对……知道、明白；意识到……
7. 上下翻转；颠倒的（地）；乱七八糟的（地）
8. 吓死了
ahead of stop sb.(from) doing sth. aim at in the meantime help...out
be/become aware of upside down (be) scared to death
Ⅲ.句式填空
1．a time＋when引导的定语从句
______________________________(那个时期)the killer whales，or“killers”as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
2．be about to＋动词原形表示即将发生的事情
This was the call that announced__________________________ (捕鲸行动马上就要开始)．
自我诊断：
1.It was a time when
2．there was about to be a whale hunt
3．see...being done看到……正在被
As we drew closer，I could_______________________________(看到一头鲸受到攻击)by a pack of about six other killers.
4．It＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.
The sea was rough that day and____________________________________(很难操纵船只)．5．where引导的状语从句
The water was quite shallow but__________________________ _(到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡)to the sandy ocean floor.
自我诊断：
3．see a whale being attacked
4．it was difficult to handle the boat
5．where the reef ended，there was a steep drop
高中英语教案教学反思 【篇一：高中英语教学设计与反思】 高中英语教学设计与反思 1 2 4 5 【篇二：高中英语教师教学反思(共6篇)】 篇一：高一英语教师教学反思 高一英语教师教学反思 高一学生入校，学生英语水平参差不齐，这一点是客观存在的。但 不管怎样，所有学生有新的打算、有学好英语的决心和信心，也怀 有极大兴趣和强烈的求知欲，作为教师应最大限度保护和激发学生 英语学习的动力。学习成功与失败的关键因素是情感教育，而情感 教育的实质是爱心教育。情感教育是一种温馨和谐的情感交流，是 一种智慧潜能的研发。所以，作为高一教师要尽快建立和谐民主的 师生关系、尊重、信任、期待和欣赏学生。赏识教育在教育艺术中 具有独特魅力，教师要从开始让每一个学生都有机会在课堂展现自我，肯定自我，要让全班学生都树立信心和兴趣，对学生一视同仁，热情鼓励和表扬学生，从学习和生活方面关爱他们，不歧视和挖苦 学生，帮助和培养学生的自信以及健康的心理品质的形成。一句话，在英语教学中时刻渗透情感教育是搞好教育教学的基石和前提。 其次，抓好初高中知识的衔接。新生入校通过学月测试了解每个学 生的大致学情，及时给学生查漏补缺，巩固初中的语音，词汇、语法、句型及基础知识。教师可以暂以初中教材为主线，高中教材为 辅线，温故而知新，以旧带新。在课堂中形式多样复习初中知识， 根据教学大纲主要内容抓好基本知识和能力“双基”工程，根据各班 学生学习水平情况实行初高中学习的“缓冲期”。教师一定不要为了 赶进度匆忙教学，而忽视了重书本，重规范，重过手，重基础的“四重”原则。再次，加强学生学习方法指导和良好学习习惯的养成。教 师在教育教学过程中除了传授知识外，更重要是督促学生学习好习 惯的养成。如何引导学生预习课本，听课，完成作业，复习总结， 作笔记等方面都是我们教师应考虑的话题。所以教师在平日的工作
高中英语必修一教案Unit 1 Friendship
1.Suggested teaching notes 1). Analyses of the teaching contents This unit is about friendship, and nearly all the teaching materials center on it. Warming up---The questionnaire leads students to think and talk about friendship, get to know the problems between friends and seek solutions, which makes preparations for the further teaching in topics, background and vocabulary. Pre-reading---The questions prompt students to think critically about friends and friendship in reality, alerting them to the fact that besides people, a diary can be a friend, too. Reading--- The diary by theJewish girl Anne gave a glimpse of her life during her family’s shelter in Amsterdam from the German Nazis’ killing in world war 2. she treats the diary as her best friend, and in it reveals her longing for a normal life and close contact with nature, which helps her get through the days. Comprehending---It helps students further understand the text by doing multiple choices, questions and answers, and matching. Learning about language---It teaches the important expressions and structures and grammar: direct and indirect speeches. Using language---The two letters, listening, questionnaire design, letter writing and fun writing prepares students to further talk about friendship, especially the problems with misunderstanding, and unfriendliness, thus strengthening students’ abilities to practice language, discover, and solve problems. Summing up---It summarizes the whole contents of this unit from the aspects of topics, vocabulary and grammar. Learning tip--- This part encourages students to form the habit of writing a diary. Integrating skills--- The text introduces the way Hawaiians express friendship, to get students to realize the cultural differences in the values of friendship in addition
选修六 Unit 1 1.adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 2.adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要 3.n. 雕塑 4.n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 5.n. 美术陈列室；画廊 6.n. 信任；信心；信念 7.adv. 忠实地 8.adv. 所以；因而 9.n. 目标；目的vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 10.adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 11.adj. 典型的；有代表性的 12.adj. 明显的；明白的 13.n. 新生；复兴；复活 14.vt. 采用；采纳；收养 15.adj. 人道主义的 16.vt. 拥有；具有；支配 17.n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 18.adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的 19.n. 透视画法；透视图；观点 20.n. 技术；方法；技能 21.n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事等）相合 22.巧合地 23.n. 杰作；名著 24.n. 印象主义；印象派 25.adj. 印象派的 n.印象派艺术家 26.adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派艺术家 27.大量28.n. 阴影；影子 29.adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 30.adj. 争论的；争议的 31.n. 努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图 32.（可是）另一方面 33.vt. 预言；预告；预测 34.n. 风景；景色 35.adj. 确切的；特定的 36.n. 画像；身材；数字 37.n. 黏土 38.n. 评论家；批评者 39.n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品 40.n. 大理石 41.vt. 雕刻；刻记 42.adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 43.n. 帆布；画布 44.n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 45.adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的 46.adv. 有效地 47.n. 展览；陈列；展览会 48.adj.敢做敢为的;侵略的；好斗的 49.n. 学者 50.n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 51.活着的；本人 52.n. 几何学 53.n. 束；串 54.n. 林荫道；道路；大街 55.n. 喜爱；偏爱
人教版高中英语选修十单词表 unit1 1. venture['vent??]n.（有风险的）商业、企业 2. web[web]n．（蜘蛛等的）网查看详细 3. Scottish['sk?ti?]adj.苏格兰的；苏格兰人的； 4. suffering['s?f?ri?]n．苦楚；受难 5. gall-bladder[ɡ?:l'bl?d?]n. 胆囊 6. strengthen['stre?θn]vt.加强；巩固 7. endurance[in'dju?r?ns]n.忍耐；持久；耐（性）
8. hut[h?t]n.小屋；棚屋 9. stove[st?uv]n.炉子 10. unbearable[,?n'bε?r?bl]n.无法忍受的；承受不住的 11. cosy['k?uzi]adj.舒适的；安逸的 12. block out[bl?k aut]封闭 13. breathless['breθlis]adj.喘不过气来的 14. rotten['r?tn]adj.腐烂的；变质的 15. blacken['bl?k?n]vt.使变黑 16. circumstance['s?:k?mst?ns]n.环境；详情；境况
17. blast[bl?st]n.一阵（风）；一股（气流） 18. hoarse[h?:s]adj.嘶哑的 19. bless[bles]vt.祝福；保佑 20. selfish['selfi?]adj.自私的 21. hook[h?k]n.钩；吊钩vt.钩住；入迷 22. aboard[??b?:d]adv.＆perp.在船（飞机） 23. seasickness['si:siknis]n. 晕船 24. anyhow['enihau]adv.无论如何 25. steward[stju?d]n.（轮船、飞机等）乘务员；膳
Teaching Plan for Module 1, NSEFC Book 2 The Fifth Period: speaking and writing: “Our Body and Healthy Habits” I. Teaching Objectives 1. Language Objectives (1) Important words and phrases 1. Headache 2.Migraine 3. Symptom 4. Not…any more 5. Toothache 6. Take one’s temperature 7. Have a temperature (2) Important sentence patterns I don’t get migraine any more. 2. Ability Objectives (By the end of the lesson, students should be able to :) (1). Students can make use of these useful expressions to talk about health problems. (2). Students can write a paragraph about a health problem. 3. Moral objectives 1. Enable students to have the motivation to keep healthy. 2. Enable students to have the team spirit. II. Important Point 1. Master some important and difficult words, phrases and sentence patterns. such as: Migraine, Not…any more, Take one’s temperature, Have a temperature… 2. Know how to describe the symptoms of an illness. 3. Master how to put several sentences in the right order. III. Difficult Points How to write a paragraph about a health problem. IV. Teaching Methods 1. Student-centered teaching method, Task-based teaching method. 2. Teaching Aids: blackboard, a projector and computer. Ⅴ. Teaching Procedures StepⅠLead-in(3mins) (At first, the teacher greets students, and then asks all students to review these worlds that they have learned in the four parts this module. Especially, the words which relate to illness. such as: toothache, headache, flu, migraine, get a cold, have a temperature, sore throat…)
第一单元 路永在前方 阿什利塔·福曼是一位热衷挑战并总想争创吉尼斯纪录的运动员。在过去25年中，他大约(approximately)已经打破了93项吉尼斯世界纪录，至今，他仍然是其中20多项纪录的保持者，还包括拥有最多的吉尼斯纪录这一项。但是这些记录并不是像游泳或足球等一般运动项目那样创建的，而是阿什利塔试图在非常有趣的地点，在富有想像力的运动项目中打破的。 最近，阿什利塔完成了他的梦想:在所有七大洲破一项纪录，其中包括在澳洲玩呼啦圈，在南美洲的水下做弹簧单高跷游戏，在北美洲的热气球中做膝部深弯曲运动。 虽然这些活动看起来孩子气且令人发笑而不是让人肃然起敬，但实际上(in reality),完成这些活动需要强大的力量,健康的体格和坚定的决心。 想想吧,你一边走路,一边还要把一瓶牛奶顶在头上，你的脖子需要的多好的适应力。你可以停下来休息或吃东西，但瓶子必须呆在头上。 当阿什利塔站在75厘米高的瑞士球上时，看起来虽然很轻松容易，其实不然。呆在球上得一直全神贯注，还需要有极强的注意力和极好的平衡感。特别是在双腿开始抖动的时候，你还得使劲呆在球上。 然而沿着12英里的马路翻筋斗,情况又是怎样的呢？翻筋斗是一项艰苦的运动,因为你必须克服头晕、极度疲劳和痛苦。每翻滚一个小时,只允许休息5分钟,不过也可以短暂地停下来呕吐(vomit)。 做标准的体操(gymnastically)弓箭步动作向前，以最快的节奏走完1英里的路程是阿什利塔又一个出色的项目。弓箭步冲刺对你的双腿是一个极端艰苦的考验。开始时呈站立姿势，然后右脚向前迈一步，同时左膝触地，然后再站起来，左脚向前迈出一步，同时右膝触地。想想吧，这个动作要反复做1英里远！ 然而，这位有才能的运动员并不是天生的。小时候，他很不健康(unfit)，而且对运动毫无兴趣。但他却对《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》非常着迷(fascinated)。 阿什利塔究竟是怎样成为一位运动员的呢？这是一个有趣的故事。少年时,他就开始探究人生的深层的意义。他研究过东方宗教，16岁时，他发现了一位名叫斯里琴摩的印度静坐功(mediation)导师，住在纽约市他家附近。自从20世纪70年代初，阿什利塔就一直是斯里琴摩的学生。斯里琴摩指出，人们发展他们的体魂与发展他们的头脑、心灵和精神上的(spiritual)自我具有同等的重要性，并且他相信人的体能是没有局限的。 当阿什利塔1978年在纽约市中央公园进行的24小时自行车马拉松(marathon)比赛中获得第三名时，他就知道总有一天他将进入《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》。尽管从没有训练过，他还是受到他的精神领袖的敦促参加了马拉松比赛。因此,当他取得第三名的时候，他开始有了这样的认识：他的身躯只不过是他的精神的工具，而且他似乎能够利用他的精神力量去完成任何事。从那时起，阿什利塔就拒绝接受任何身体极限的说法。 由于有了这种新的信心, 阿什利塔于1979年第一次打破吉尼斯纪录——跳爆竹27000次。不断努力打破纪录的动机源来自他对斯里琴摩思想的虔诚。每次试图破纪录的时候，阿什里塔都会达到一个体力不可逾越的极限点。这个时候，他就会进入自己的内心深处，与他的灵魂(soul)和他的老师相沟通。 在创纪录的努力中，阿什利塔总是要感谢他的老师。事实上，他常穿着一件T恤衫，后背上有斯里琴摩的名言： “完美的道路只有一条,它就在你前方,永远在你前方。” 集中精力于……
人教版《英语选修10》(普通高中课程标准实验教科书)单元词汇、音标、词义。Unit 1 venture/'vent??/n.(有风险的)商业、企业vi.vt.冒险；敢于去web/web/n.(蜘蛛)网 Scottish adj.苏格兰(人)的；苏格兰英语的 suffering/'s?f?ri?/n.苦楚；受难 gall-bladder n.胆囊 strengthen/'stre?θ?n/vt.加强；巩固 Perce Blackborow珀斯.布莱克鲍罗 Sir Ernest Shackleton欧内斯特.沙克尔顿爵士 endurance/in'dju?r?ns/n.忍耐；持久；耐(性) hut/h?t/n.小屋；棚屋 stove/st?uv/n.炉子 unbearable/?n'b??r?bl/adj.无法忍受的；承受不住的 cosy/'kouzi/adj.舒适的，安逸的 block out封闭 breathless/'breθlis/adj.喘不过气来的 rotten/'r?tn/adj.腐烂的；变质的 blacken/'bl?k?n/vt.使变黑 circumstance/'s?:k?mst?ns/n.环境；详情；境况 blast/blɑ:st/n.一阵(风)；一股(气流) hoarse/h?:s/adj.嘶哑的 bless/bles/vt.祝福；保佑 selfish/'selfi?/adj.自私的 Tom Orde-Lees汤姆.奥德.利兹 hook/huk/n.钩；吊钩vt.钩住；迷上 aboard/?'b?:d/adv.在船(飞机、车等)上；上船(飞机、车等) seasickness n.晕船 anyhow/'enihau/adv.无论如何 steward/stju?d/n.乘务员；膳务员 crush/kr??/vt.碾碎；粉碎；(使)变形 mourn/m?:n/vi.哀悼；忧伤 urgent/'?:d??nt/adj.急迫的；紧急的 bedding/'bedi?/n.被褥；草垫 Hussey赫西 banjo/'b?nd??u/n.班卓琴；五弦琴 vital/'vaitl/adj.生死攸关的；重要的
人教版高中英语必修三 unit 2 healthy eating教学设计 （一）教学内容分析 这是一篇介绍“饮食习惯”的文章，包括传统饮食习惯的改变日常饮食选择,旨在让学生明白健康的饮食习惯的养成是拥有健康体魄的前提。本篇文章生词量较大标题较抽象，各段主题句分布不太明显（大部分分布在段落中间）。且大部分学生对饮食与健康的关系（如人体每天必须摄入的六种基本营养成分的来源、健康饮食的重要性、什么是绿色食品等）了解较少。因此，本文的学习难度较大。 （二）教学目标 1. 语言知识目标： a)使学生了解protein, calcium等基本营养成分的来源和主要功能，健康的饮食习惯是健康的保证，以及素食主义等信息。 b)学习掌握有关营养成分与食物的词汇，如：protein、calcium 、carbohydrate 、fibre、mineral、 vitamin 、vegetarian & vegan、 green food and clean food 、eco-food and organic food等，以及 keep up with ，the same goes for?以及as 和only 引导的倒装句的用法。 2. 语言技能目标： a)使学生学会克服生词障碍，通过略读，寻找文章的主题句，理清文章的总体框架与脉络；通过查读，捕捉文章的重要细节，理解作者的写作意图。 b) 使学生学会运用各种猜词技巧，猜测部分生词在具体的语言环境的含义。 c) 使学生能够运用所学知识，用英语为自己所熟悉的一个人设计一份“healthy diet”，并阐明设计的依据。 3.情感态度与文化意识目标： a）使学生学会审视自己、审视食物，提高养成健康饮食习惯的意识。 b）使学生懂得：健康是做好一切事情的根本。要想有强健的体魄，除了合理安排好一天的生活以外，还需要有科学、卫生的饮食习惯，每天一定量的体育活动和体力劳动。青少年必须有健康的身体，长大以后才能成为一位具有现代科学文化，适合时代要求的合格劳动者。 c）使学生学会关心他人，体贴他人，并养成较强的合作意识。 d）让学生了解一些不同的饮食观念及主张，加深对世界饮食文化的了解，弘扬中华民族饮食文化的精髓,培养爱国主义精神。 （三）教学重点和难点： 1．重点 1）让学生认识到饮食对健康的重要影响。 2）侧重培养学生对文章的整体性结构的把握，突出培养学生以下3个方面的能力： a.文章中心把握能力。 b.根据主题快速捕捉文章重点细节的能力。 c.猜词能力。 3）重点掌握有关营养成分与食物的词汇，特别是人体每天必须摄入的六种基本营养成分的词汇以及这些营养成分的来源和主要功能。 2．难点 1) 如何使学生养成科学的阅读习惯，提高阅读理解能力和语言水平。 2) 如何使学生学会提取、筛选和重组文章中关于健康饮食的信息，并灵活运用于语言实践中，达到语言实践能力的扩展与提高。 二、教学方法与教材处理 1．任务型语言教学法
Unit 1 Living well 知识目标 1．Get students to learn the useful words and expressions in this unit. eyesight，ambition，disabled，beneficial，in other words，clumsy，adapt，microscope，out of breath，absence，stupid，fellow，annoyed，all in all，industry，tank，make fun of，encouragement，adapt to 2．Help students to learn about disabilities and life of the disabled. 能力目标 1．Let students read the passage Marty's Story to develop their reading ability. 2．Enable students to know that people with disabilities can also live well. 情感目标 1．By talking about disabilities and life of the disabled，make sure students can learn some positive stories of the disabled. 2．Help them understand more about how challenging life can be for the disabled. 3．Develop students' sense of cooperative learning.
高中英语学习材料 ***鼎尚图文理制作*** 第九周交通通讯与旅游 周一 1. A 解析:词义推测题。根据下句文字信息The nearest town, Garissa, is hundreds of kilometers away from these villages. 可知。 2. B 解析:推理判断题。A、C、D属于错误推断, 肯尼亚北部道路条件恶劣, 骆驼是较有效的运输图书的工具。 3. C 解析:与传统图书馆不同的地方在于驼背上的流动图书馆用骆驼把书带给人们。B、D 为错误陈述, A是与传统图书馆的相同之处。 周二 1. D 解析:推理判断题。根据全文内容, 尤其是文章最后一句The museum is a good way to learn about the interesting life of him. 2. C 解析:推理判断题。根据第二句He also loved words and writing. B根据这一段的第一句可知为错误判断。D的叙述没有错误, 但对于此段的写作目的而言角度太小。 3. C 解析:细节认定题。根据第四段中Porter was accused of financial wrongdoing at the bank and lost his job. Fearing a trial, he fled the country. 可知。 4. A 解析:排列顺序题。根据文章中时间顺序可知。 5. B 解析:推理判断题。A、D可以根据文章的最后一段排除。根据第一段欧·亨利出生时间和Beginning in 1893, he lived here. 以及第二段信息可知C为错误推理。 周三 1. D 解析:信件可以被欣赏, 被读, 被“重新读”。前三项都与本句内容不符。 2. C 解析:根据前一个分句中的内容可知几乎不费力气就可以用信件保持“友谊”。 3. A 解析:上文叙述的是信件的益处, 本段则用作者与哥哥重归于好的例子进行证明, 由此可知是“例证”。 4. C 解析:本段中间部分提到两人之间存在误解, 由此可知两个人在几年前相处得不好。get along相处融洽。 5. B 解析:根据本句后半部分中的内容可知两个人在小的时候关系非常密切, 只是随着年龄
Lesson 1 Your Choice First Period I.Teaching objectives: A.knowledge objectives a.Describe the appropriate career in the future and the reasons. b.According to the questionnaire to judge people’s personalities and recommend the perfect career. c.Students could finish some practical English tasks by themselves. B. Ability objectives To develop the students’ reading、speaking、writing and communicating skills. C. Emotional skills To enlarge the students’eyesight and let them know more about themselves and their personalities. II.Teaching Key Points and Difficult Points: a.some students may have problems in understanding the differences and usage of Direct Speech and Indirect Speech. b.Some students have troubles in mastering the important words and phrases relating to career and characteristics. IIITeaching Aids: PPT、Textbook and Multimedia IV.Teaching Methods a.task-based teaching method b.student-based teaching method V.teaching procedures: Step 1 warm up a.Greeting the whole class as usual to activate the new class. b.Bain-storming. Teacher invites Students to name some famous persons’ jobs. Step 2 Pre-reading a.Teacher asks Students their dream jobs and the special reasons behind to have such a jo b. b.Teacher teaches some new words and phrases. Step 3 While-reading a.Students read the questionnaire, make choices and exchange answers in pairs. b.Students will guess what personality in pairs and the right jobs. Then Ss decide whether the job suits each other. c.Students check the answer key on page 91. Ss will judge whether the description fits their personalities. Step 4 Post-reading
一、词汇拓展 1．适应，改编v.____________；适应，改编本n.____________；能适应的adj.___ __________ 2．误会n. &v.________；(过去式)________；(过去分词)________；错误的adj.________ 3．恐怖，恐惧n.__________；可怕的，恐怖的adj.__________；可怕地adv.__________ 4．犹豫，踌躇v._________________；犹豫，迟疑n.________________ 5 编排，分类v．_____________；编排，分类n．_____________ 6．使作呕，反感，厌恶v.________；使人反感的adj.________；感到反感的adj.________ 7. ___________ n. 舒适; 安慰vt. 安慰_____________ adj. 不舒服的; 不安的 8. _______n. 羊毛; 毛线; 毛织品_______ adj. 毛纺的; 纯毛的 9. ________ adj. 经典的n. 经典著作_______ adj. 古典的, 典雅的, 经典的 二、短语(从Reading 1 和 Reading 2 中找出以下短语) 1. (某人)冒充…____________________ 2. 结识,与…相见___________________ 3. 惊愕地_________________________ 4. 一般来说________________________ 5. 就…来说,从…角度 ______________ 6. 带…进来________________________ 7. 几天前 _________________________ 8. 带走,拿走_____________________ 9. 需要 _____________________ 10.透露身份,显露(本来面目)____________ 11. 伪装, 乔装 _________________ 12. 毫不犹豫 ____________________ 13. 把..误认为 _________________ 14. 要是…怎么办 ________________ 15. 优于… _____________________ 16. 打赌 ________________________ 17. 注定… _____________________ 18. 使…相信… ___________________ 19.采取有效措施 _____________________ 20. 根据…把..分类 ________________ 21. (声音、画面)逐渐模糊_____________ 22.用…的声音___________________ 23.自以为是 _______________________ 24. 移交 ______________________ 三、语言点 1. adaptation n. 改编本；适应性 adaptation to 对……的适应 adapt vt.使适应(合)；修改,改编 vi. (to)适应 adapt oneself to 使适应；使适合 1)这部戏剧是一部短篇小说的改编本。 ___________________________________________________________. 2)动物对环境的适应是相当慢的。 ___________________________________________________________. 3)He tried hard to______________________(使自己适应) the new conditions. 4)He made a quick ____________________(适应) the new environment. 5)When they moved to Canada, the children _____________(适应) the change very well. 2. hesitate vi. 犹豫；踌躇 (1)hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事，不愿做某事 hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth.(做)某事犹豫不决 hesitate about＋疑问词＋to do sth.做某事犹豫不决 (2)hesitation n．踌躇，犹豫 without hesitation毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
人教版选修10课文译文 一次成功的失败经历 如果起初不成功，就要一次又一次地尝试。——W·C·菲尔兹 1914 年 8 月，珀斯·布莱克鲍罗参加了欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士的“持久号”轮船南极探险。沙克尔顿是他那个时代最负盛名的探险家，加入他的探险活动被认为是一种巨大的荣耀。现在请看读帕斯所讲故事的第一部分。 1916 年 8 月 29 日慢慢地，我把头探出睡袋，向四周看了看。一切都是灰色的：小屋里面看上去是灰色的，晨曦看上去是灰色的，燃油炉上噗噗作响的罐子也是灰色的。同往常一样，气味中混合着汗液、海豹油脂和脏内衣的味道，几乎让人难以忍受。我尝试着想一些快乐的事情：温暖和干爽的衣服、舒适的卧室、阳光灿烂的日子、妈妈的脸庞，以及返家后得到的庆贺，因为我是试图横穿南极大陆的一次失败探险活动的成员之一，这种事以前还没有人做过。正想到这儿，一条黑毛毯掉下来把我盖住，几乎把美好时光的记忆封闭住了。 一想到由于冻伤变黑而必须截去的腐烂的脚趾头，我就感到喘不过气来。我们的境况让人绝望，谁也不清楚会不会活着回去。也许好些年后，我们的尸体会被其他探险队所辨认并搜集起来。 正当我快要变得自我怜惜起来时，我们营棚的门开了，一股冷空气穿过营棚。“把门关上!”我用一种自己都快辨认不出来的沙哑的嗓音嚷嚷道。“坚持下去，珀斯。不要变成另一个汤姆。”一个声音在应答。“我们又逮住了一只企鹅，今晚有企鹅汤喝了!”保佑弗兰克一吓尔德，他可是我们的头儿欧内斯特·沙克尔顿之外最好的人啦。我怎么能像汤姆·奥德·利兹那样自私自利和脾气暴躁呢!我挣扎着下床，新的一天开始了。 当初宣布探险活动时，我才 20 岁，老梦想着要去冒险。所以在 1914 年 7 月的一个早晨，我是怀着无比激动的心情读以下这则广告的： 为危险之旅招募人手：工资低廉、寒冷无比、数月不见天日、无法确保安全返回。如果成功，荣耀和报酬将会接踵而至。欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士。 同伟大的欧内斯特·沙克尔顿爵士去南极探险——我被深深地迷住了!我是探险的门外汉，但我年轻，身体健康而且精力充沛。我偷偷地上了“持久号”轮船，藏在一个小橱里。直到轮船已开始航行了，我才被人发现，而且晕船晕得很厉害。不管怎么说，沙克尔顿似乎对我傻乎乎的行为感兴趣，并且接受了这种局面。他让我当一名伙计，协助做 28 个人一天三顿的饭菜。 1915 年 1 月 18 日，正当我们接近南极时，“持久号”被海上的浮冰(有的坚固无比，有的破裂成若干巨大的冰块浮在水上)卡住了。周围的冰都冻结了，我们千真万确地被困住了!轮船在我们的眼前慢慢地被挤坏。我相信沙克尔顿肯定会对这次探险意想不到的结局而痛心，但他并没有把时间浪费在遗憾和悔恨中。他镇静地把大家召集在一起，然后紧急宣布我们必须在船沉下去之前，只抢出基本给养，尤其是小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、卧具和衣服。为了显示自己的决心，沙克尔顿把一些金币和他的金表扔到冰上。然而，让我感到惊讶的是，他竟鼓励赫西带上班卓琴。他把班卓琴描述成让我们保持精神振奋的关键。 他的顽强精神赢得了我们对他的完全信赖。他对我们也总是坦诚相待(就像广告中那样)，他从不灰心丧气，从不放弃，甚至当轮船沉下去时也是如此。1916 年 4 月 9 日，我们搬到了大象岛上现在的宿营地。不久沙克尔顿给我们这里的生活列出了规矩：取消级别和社会地位上的差异，每个人都得忙起来；公平分配食物和卧具；关心每一个人。这种团队精神鼓舞了船员们的士气，并挽救了我们的生命。 我们在大象岛上一安顿好，沙克尔顿就马上向大家解释了他的营救计划：22 人留在这里，他挑选其他五个人去南乔治亚求援。由于谁也不知道我们身处何地，所以不能指望任何外部救援。我永远也不会忘记眼看着小船从哗哗作响的波浪中消失在波涛汹涌的大洋里的情景。留在大象岛上的人发誓要按他所主张的那样做：在他返回来救我们之前要保持乐观、恢复健康。
respectful (10) adj. 尊敬的；尊重人的 We're respectful of her and her right to fight on. 我们尊重她和她继续战斗的而权利。 H e w a s a l w a y s s o p o l i t e a n d r e s p e c t f u l.他总是彬彬有礼，尊敬他人。(词典例句) T h e y a l s o a r e r e s p e c t f u l o f p r i v a t e l i v e s.(2014z j) disrespectful (1) adj. 失礼的；无礼的 He'd always been a good boy, he hadn't ever turned hard or evil or disrespectful. 他一直是个好孩子,从来没有变得冷酷、邪恶或无礼过。 T h e y g e t a n g r y i f t h e y t h i n k t h e y a r e b e i n g t r e a t e d d i s r e s p e c t f u l l y.他们要是觉得受到了怠慢，就会大动肝火。(词典例句) A r r i v i n g l a t e i s c o n s i d e r e d d i s r e s p e c t f u l.S o b e o n t i m e. (2014z j) disrespectfully (0) adv. 失礼地；无礼地 Please, don't treat these people disrespectfully. 别对这些人无礼。 () A s a j u n i o r,h e s h o u l d n't s p e a k s o d i s r e s p e c t f u l l y.作为晚辈,他出言如此不恭真是不应该。(词典例句) emperor (15) n. 皇帝；君主 [emper, imper命令] The Emperor was very worried because he couldn't see the magic cloth. 皇帝很发愁，因为他看不到这种有魔力的布。 H e h a d w o r k e d f o r t h e e m p e r o r a n d w h e n h e g o t o l d,h e w a s a b l e t o g o t o h i s h o m e t o w n t o r e l a x.(4w b) A f e a t u r e w i l l b e t h e Q i n d y n a s t y E m p e r o r's c o u n t d a n c e. (2014j s)
高二英语选修八unit 1 第一课时Warming up & reading Teaching Goal: Enable the Ss to learn sth about the USA Enable the Ss to talk about some places with frequent english Teaching important and difficult points Practice some important words and expressions Part 1 Warming up Look at the warming-up part on page 1 and fill in the map(refer to the ppt.) What do you know about the USAlet’s have a small test. 1. Which flag is American flag 2. Which city is the capital of the USA A.New York B.Washington C.Los Angeles 3. Which stands for the USA National Emblems（国徽） 4. How many states are there in the USA doesn’t belong to the USA Part 2 Reading. Fast reading state in the USA has the largest Population 2. Why is California called the most multicultural state in the US many kinds of people are mentioned in this text Detail reading