英语被动语态讲解及习题
- 格式:doc
- 大小:107.00 KB
- 文档页数:13
(英语)英语动词被动语态专项习题及答案解析及解析一、动词被动语态1.Trees and flowers _______ every year to make our school more beautiful.A. plantB. are plantedC. were plantedD. will be planted【答案】 B【解析】【分析】由句中主语“Trees and flowers”为事物可知此处应用被动语态,时间状语为every year,因此用一般现在时,故选B。
2.Some people think trees____ on Tree Planting Day only.A. should plantB. should be plantedC. should be plantD. should be planting【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:一些人们认为种树应该只在植树节。
其中trees和plant是被动关系,且句中有情态动词should,则此处应用含情态动词的被动语态should be done,故选B。
【点评】此题考查被动语态。
注意含有情态动词的被动语态的结构。
3.Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.A. is createdB. was createdC. creates【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:在全世界,每年30亿吨的塑料被创造,其中大约10%在大海里告终。
each year和一般现在时连用,因此排除B;plastic和create之间是被动关系,be done,主语是 300 million tons of plastic,谓语动词要用单数,因此是is created,故选A。
中考英语被动语态练习题50题答案解析版1. The classroom ______ by the students every day.A. cleansB. is cleanedC. cleanedD. was cleaned答案:B。
解析:这道题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
一般现在时的被动语态结构是“am/is/are + 过去分词”。
句子的主语“the classroom”是单数第三人称,与“is”搭配,“clean”的过去分词是“cleaned”,表示教室每天被学生打扫。
A选项“cleans”是主动语态,C 选项“cleaned”是一般过去式的主动形式,D选项“was cleaned”是一般过去时的被动语态,不符合句子中的“every day”这个一般现在时的标志。
2. A lot of trees ______ in our city last year.A. are plantedB. were plantedC. plantedD. plant答案:B。
解析:本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。
一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were+过去分词”。
句子中的“last year”表明是过去的时间,“trees”是复数,所以要用“were”,“plant”的过去分词是“planted”,表示很多树去年被种植。
A选项“are planted”是一般现在时的被动语态,C选项“planted”是主动形式的一般过去式,D选项“plant”是主动语态的一般现在时。
3. English ______ in many countries.A. is spokenB. are spokenC. speaksD. spoke答案:A。
解析:这里考查一般现在时的被动语态。
一般现在时被动语态结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”。
“English”是不可数名词,当作单数看待,所以用“is”,“speak”的过去分词是“spoken”,意思是英语在很多国家被说。
英语动词被动语态及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析 一、动词被动语态 1.Everybody _________ deeply after they heard the story.
A. moves B. moved
C. is moved D. was moved 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意:每个人在听了这个故事之后,都被深深地感动了。根据after they heard the story可知,这里用的是一般过去时,所以主句的时态也用一般过去时,故排除A和C;everyone与move之间是被动关系,故选D。
2.Let's wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future. A. replace B. replaced C. will be replaced D. were replaced 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:让我们等着看是否将来书会被网络替代。whether引导的宾语从句根据时间确定时态,结合in the future可知表达的是将来的事情,主语 books是动词replace的承受者,故用一般将来时的被动语态will+be+过去分词,故选C
【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。 3.—It's reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan. —I don't know who they are, but I know who they are for. A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killed 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——据报道,31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。——我不知道他们是谁,但我知道他们是为了谁。根据 It's reported 据报道,可知动作为过去发生;再根据主语men和动词kill之间的动宾关系可知,本句应用一般过去时的被动语态were+过去分词,kill的过去分词为killed。故选A。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意掌握一般过去时的被动语态were/was+过去分词,表“过去被……”。 4.Smart phones ______ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world. A. made B. making C. to make 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:由华为制造的智能手机在全世界正在变得越来越受欢迎。根据句意可知 ______ by Huawei做前面phones的定语,并且表示被动,所以用动词过去分词做名词定语,即made,故选A。 【点评】考查动词过去分词做名词定语,注意平时识记,理解句意。
英语动词被动语态常见题型及答题技巧及练习题( 含答案 ) 及解析一、动词被动语态1.The telephone ________ in 1876.A. inventsB. inventedC. is inventedD. was invented 【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:电话是在1876 年被发明的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
被动语态由助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词构成。
一般过去式的被动语态构成 was/were done 该句的主语和谓语之间是动宾关系,动作发生在过去,所以用被动语态的一般过去时态,故选D。
2.The two girls _____ how to dance one month ago and now they can dance well.A. taughtB. have taughtC. are taughtD. were taught【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:这两个女孩在一个月以前学跳舞,现在他们跳的非常好。
主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态be done ,根据时间one month ago可知用一般过去时态。
根据主语是复数,所以系动词用were, 故选 D。
3.—Who's the little girl in the photo?—It's me. The photo ______ 10 years ago.A. tookB. is takenC. has takenD. was taken【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:——照片中的小女孩是谁?——是我,这张照片是十年前照的。
句子主语是动作的承受者,应该用被动语态,时间状语是十年前,应该用过去时,故答案为 D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。
was/were+ 及物动词的过去分词,过去的被动语态结构。
4.His car ____ five years ago, but it looks quite new.A. buysB. boughtC. is boughtD. was bought【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:他的车是五年前买的,但看起来很新。
高中英语被动语态练习题20题含答案解析1.The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.A.is cleanedB.cleanedC.was cleanedD.will be cleaned答案解析:A。
本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
句子中有时间状语every day,表示经常性的动作,所以要用一般现在时。
被动语态的结构是be+过去分词,主语是classroom,单数,所以be 动词用is,clean 的过去分词是cleaned。
B 选项缺少be 动词;C 选项是一般过去时的被动语态;D 选项是一般将来时的被动语态。
2.The book was written by a famous author.A.writtenB.is writtenC.was writingD.writes答案解析:A。
本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。
句子中有过去的时间状语,所以要用一般过去时。
被动语态的结构是be+过去分词,write 的过去分词是written。
B 选项是一般现在时的被动语态;C 选项was writing 是主动语态的过去进行时;D 选项writes 是主动语态的一般现在时。
3.The letter is being written by Tom now.A.is being writtenB.was writtenC.will be writtenD.writes答案解析:A。
本题考查现在进行时的被动语态。
句子中有时间状语now,表示正在进行的动作,所以要用现在进行时。
被动语态的结构是be being+过去分词,write 的过去分词是written。
B 选项是一般过去时的被动语态;C 选项是一般将来时的被动语态;D 选项writes 是主动语态的一般现在时。
4.The house was built in 1990.A.was builtB.builtC.is buildingD.builds答案解析:A。
高考英语被动语态练习题30题(答案解析)1.The book is written by a famous author.A.was writtenB.is writtenC.will be writtenD.has been written答案解析:B。
题干是一般现在时的被动语态,A 选项是一般过去时的被动语态,不符合题干时态;C 选项是一般将来时的被动语态,也不符合;D 选项是现在完成时的被动语态,同样不符合。
只有 B 选项是一般现在时的被动语态,与题干一致。
2.The letter was sent by Tom yesterday.A.is sentB.was sentC.will be sentD.has been sent答案解析:B。
题干是一般过去时的被动语态,A 选项是一般现在时的被动语态,不符合;C 选项是一般将来时的被动语态,不符合;D 选项是现在完成时的被动语态,不符合。
只有B 选项是一般过去时的被动语态,与题干一致。
3.The house is cleaned by the maid every day.A.was cleanedB.is cleanedC.will be cleanedD.has been cleaned答案解析:B。
题干是一般现在时的被动语态,A 选项是一般过去时的被动语态,不符合;C 选项是一般将来时的被动语态,不符合;D 选项是现在完成时的被动语态,不符合。
只有B 选项是一般现在时的被动语态,与题干一致。
4.The cake was made by my mother for my birthday.A.is madeB.was madeC.will be madeD.has been made答案解析:B。
题干是一般过去时的被动语态,A 选项是一般现在时的被动语态,不符合;C 选项是一般将来时的被动语态,不符合;D 选项是现在完成时的被动语态,不符合。
(英语)英语动词被动语态技巧小结及练习题及解析一、动词被动语态1.— If you_______ another chance tomorrow, can you do it better, Lucy?— That's for sure. Trust me!A. giveB. will giveC. are givenD. will be given【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:——如果明天再给你另一个机会,你能做得更好吗,露西?——这是肯定的。
相信我!根据语境可知是被给机会,因此该用被动语态,在条件状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时态中的被动语态,注意条件状语从句适用主将从现。
2.This book ________________ by children.A. lovesB. lovedC. is loved【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。
主语this book和动词love是被动关系,可知此句是一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为am/ is/ are done,主语是the book,用is,故选C。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
注意一般现在时被动语态的结构。
3.Moon cakes for free to those old people this coming Moon Festival.A. were offeredB. will offerC. have offeredD. will be offered【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:在这个即将到来的中秋节月饼将免费送给那些老人。
主语与动词之间是被动的关系,his coming Moon Festival.即将到来的中秋节,可知时态为一般将来时态,因此句子选用一般将来时态的被动语态。
故答案为D。
【点评】此题考查一般将来时态的被动语态,构成为will be+过去分词。
高中英语被动语态形式练习题30题(答案解析)1.The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.A.is cleaningB.cleanC.is cleanedD.cleans答案解析:C。
本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
A 选项是现在进行时;B 选项是动词原形,不能表示被动;D 选项是一般现在时主动语态。
句子中“教室每天被学生打扫”,要用被动语态,所以选C。
2.The sports meeting was held in our school last week.A.is heldB.holdC.was heldD.held答案解析:C。
本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。
A 选项是一般现在时的被动语态;B 选项是动词原形,不能表示被动;D 选项是一般过去时主动语态。
句子中“运动会上周在我们学校被举办”,要用被动语态的一般过去时,所以选C。
3.The books are borrowed by many students from the library.A.are borrowingB.borrowC.are borrowedD.borrows答案解析:C。
本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
A 选项是现在进行时;B 选项是动词原形,不能表示被动;D 选项是一般现在时第三人称单数主动语态。
句子中“书被很多学生从图书馆借走”,要用被动语态,所以选C。
4.The old bridge was repaired by the workers last year.A.is repairedB.repairC.was repairedD.repairs答案解析:C。
本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。
A 选项是一般现在时的被动语态;B 选项是动词原形,不能表示被动;D 选项是一般现在时第三人称单数主动语态。
句子中“旧桥去年被工人修理”,要用被动语态的一般过去时,所以选C。
高一英语被动语态练习题50题(答案解析)1.The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.A.is cleanedB.are cleanedC.cleanD.cleans答案解析:A。
选项A 是正确的,因为主语“The classroom”是单数,且与“clean”是被动关系,“be+过去分词”构成被动语态,“every day”表明是一般现在时,所以用“is cleaned”。
选项B“are cleaned”用于复数主语,与本题主语不一致。
选项C“clean”是动词原形,不是被动语态。
选项D“cleans”是主动语态的第三人称单数形式。
2.The meals are cooked by my mother at home.A.are cookedB.is cookedC.cookD.cooks答案解析:A。
“The meals”是复数,与“cook”是被动关系,一般现在时被动语态用“are+过去分词”,所以选A。
选项B“is cooked”用于单数主语。
选项C“cook”是动词原形,不是被动语态。
选项D“cooks”是主动语态的第三人称单数形式。
3.The books are put on the shelf by Tom.A.are putB.is putC.putD.puts答案解析:A。
“The books”是复数,与“put”是被动关系,一般现在时被动语态用“are+过去分词”,所以是“are put”。
选项B“is put”用于单数主语。
选项C“put”是动词原形,不是被动语态。
选项D“puts”是主动语态的第三人称单数形式。
4.The homework is done by us after school.A.is doneB.are doneC.doD.does答案解析:A。
“The homework”是不可数名词,视为单数,与“do”是被动关系,一般现在时被动语态用“is+过去分词”,即“is done”。
被动语态讲解和练习带答案被动语态讲解英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态A.主动语态表示主语是动作的 _______例:We planted the tree.B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的 _______例:The tree was planted by us.A school is built. (be done)一所学校将要被建。
将来时的被动这所学校正在被建进行时的被动这所学校已经被建成了完成时的被动儿童必须得到照顾。
情态动词+ be doneChildren must be taken good care of.了解被动语态:1.英语中有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态2、形式:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时2) has /have been done 现在完成时3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时4) was/were done 一般过去时5) had been done 过去完成时6) was/were being done 过去进行时7) shall/will be done 一般将来时8) should/would be done 过去将来时9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时(少用)3、被动动态的使用:(1)不知道或没必要说出动作的执行者时,用被动语态。
(2)动作的承受者是谈话的中心时,用被动语态,可带by短语。
4、及物动词才有被动语态。
被动语态的主语大多数是物例:1.Bananas _________in Hainan.(海南种植香焦。
)2.Many more trees _____________in our school next year.(我们学校明年将种更多的树。
)3._______ the trees ________by him.这些树是他种的吗?4.Young trees _________________(必须照看好小树)5. The building____________ (那栋楼房正在建设中。
高考英语被动语态练习题30题含答案解析1.The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.A.is cleanedB.are cleanedC.cleanD.cleans答案解析:A。
本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
主语“the classroom”是单数,且与“clean”之间是被动关系,所以用“is cleaned”。
B 选项“are cleaned”用于主语是复数的情况;C 选项“clean”是主动语态的动词原形;D 选项“cleans”是主动语态的第三人称单数形式。
2.The books were borrowed by Tom yesterday.A.were borrowedB.was borrowedC.borrowedD.borrows答案解析:A。
“the books”是复数,“yesterday”表明是一般过去时,且书是被借,所以用“were borrowed”。
B 选项“was borrowed”用于主语是单数的情况;C 选项“borrowed”是主动语态的过去式;D 选项“borrows”是主动语态的第三人称单数形式。
3.The blackboard is often wiped by the teacher after class.A.is often wipedB.are often wipedC.wipeD.wipes答案解析:A。
主语“the blackboard”是单数,且与“wipe”之间是被动关系,“often”表明是一般现在时,所以用“is often wiped”。
B 选项“are often wiped”用于主语是复数的情况;C 选项“wipe”和D 选项“wipes”都是主动语态。
4.The sports meeting was held by our school last week.A.was heldB.were heldC.holdD.holds答案解析:A。
英语动词被动语态技巧和方法完整版及练习题含解析一、动词被动语态1.— Mom, where is my model plane?— Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday.A. is lentB. lendsC. was lentD. lent 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】考查被动语态的用法。
句意:-妈妈,我的飞机模型在哪里?-哦,昨天借给了詹妮。
因为句子的主语是it,代指的是my model plane,my model plane与lend之间是被动关系。
句子的时间状语是yesterday,所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。
2.Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.A. is createdB. was createdC. creates【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:在全世界,每年30亿吨的塑料被创造,其中大约10%在大海里告终。
each year和一般现在时连用,因此排除B;plastic和create之间是被动关系,be done,主语是 300 million tons of plastic,谓语动词要用单数,因此是is created,故选A。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态,注意在语境中熟练运用动词的时态和语态。
3.Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they to drive a car.()A. are allowedB. allowedC. will be allowedD. allow 【答案】 A【解析】【分析】青少年在允许开车之前必须满十八岁.表达的是客观事实用一般现在时,主语they是allow的承受者,allow sb to do sth,故用被动语态sb be allowed to do sth,故答案是A.4.This book ________________ by children.A. lovesB. lovedC. is loved【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。
高考英语被动语态练习题30题(答案解析)1.The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.A.is cleanedB.are cleanedC.cleanD.cleans答案解析:A。
此句主语是“the classroom”,是单数,且根据“every day”可知是一般现在时的被动语态,结构是“be+过去分词”,所以选A。
B 选项“are cleaned”主语应该是复数;C 选项“clean”是主动语态;D 选项“cleans”也是主动语态,且主语应该是第三人称单数。
2.My bike was repaired by my father yesterday.A.was repairedB.were repairedC.repairedD.repairs答案解析:A。
主语“my bike”是单数,“yesterday”表明是一般过去时的被动语态,结构是“was/were+过去分词”,所以选A。
B 选项“were repaired”主语应该是复数;C 选项“repaired”是主动语态;D 选项“repairs”也是主动语态,且主语应该是第三人称单数。
3.The flowers in the park are watered regularly.A.are wateredB.waterC.watersD.are watering答案解析:A。
主语“the flowers”是复数,“regularly”表明是一般现在时的被动语态,结构是“be+过去分词”,所以选A。
B 选项“water”是主动语态;C 选项“waters”是主动语态,且主语应该是第三人称单数;D 选项“are watering”是主动进行时。
4.The letter was written by Tom last week.A.was writtenB.were writtenC.wroteD.writes答案解析:A。
初三英语被动语态练习题30题带答案解析1.The classroom is cleaned by us every day.(改为一般疑问句)Is the classroom cleaned by you every day?答案解析:一般现在时的被动语态变一般疑问句,把be 动词提前即可。
此句中be 动词是is,所以把is 提前到句首。
2.My bike was repaired by my father yesterday.(对画线部分提问)Who repaired your bike yesterday?答案解析:一般过去时的被动语态对动作执行者提问用who。
此句中动作执行者是my father,所以用who 提问。
3.The book is written by him.(改为否定句)The book isn't written by him.答案解析:一般现在时的被动语态变否定句,在be 动词后加not。
此句中be 动词是is,所以在is 后加not。
4.The letter was sent by her last week.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)Was the letter sent by her last week? Yes, it was.答案解析:一般过去时的被动语态变一般疑问句,把be 动词提前即可。
此句中be 动词是was,所以把was 提前到句首。
肯定回答用Yes, 主语+be 动词。
此句主语是the letter,be 动词是was。
5.The flowers are watered by him every morning.((对画线部分提问)How often are the flowers watered by him?答案解析:对频率提问用how often。
此句中every morning 表示频率,所以用how often 提问。
6.The house was built by them last year.(改为否定句)The house wasn't built by them last year.答案解析:一般过去时的被动语态变否定句,在be 动词后加not。
七年级英语被动语态练习题20题(答案解析)1.The classroom is cleaned by us every day.A.is cleanedB.are cleanedC.cleanD.cleans答案解析:A。
这句话表示教室每天被我们打扫。
被动语态结构是be+过去分词,主语是classroom 单数,be 动词用is,clean 的过去分词是cleaned。
B 选项are cleaned 是复数形式的be 动词,与主语不搭配;C 选项clean 是动词原形,不是被动语态;D 选项cleans 是主动语态。
2.My homework was done by me yesterday.A.was doneB.were doneC.doD.does答案解析:A。
昨天我的作业被我做了。
被动语态,主语homework 是不可数名词,be 动词用was,done 是do 的过去分词。
B 选项were done 是复数形式的be 动词;C 选项do 是动词原形,不是被动语态;D 选项does 是第三人称单数形式的主动语态。
3.The books are put on the shelf by him.A.are putB.is putC.putD.puts答案解析:A。
书被他放在架子上。
主语books 是复数,be 动词用are,put 的过去分词还是put。
B 选项is put 是单数形式的be 动词;C 选项put 是动词原形,不是被动语态;D 选项puts 是第三人称单数形式的主动语态。
4.The letter was written by her last week.A.was writtenB.were writtenC.writeD.writes答案解析:A。
上周这封信被她写了。
被动语态,主语letter 是单数,be 动词用was,written 是write 的过去分词。
B 选项were written 是复数形式的be 动词;C 选项write 是动词原形,不是被动语态;D 选项writes 是第三人称单数形式的主动语态。
实用文档 文案大全 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如: Many people speak English.(主动语态) English is spoken by many people.(被动语态) 1.被动语态的构成 由于不及物动词不能带宾语,故无被动语态,只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态,其基本构成方式是“助动词be+过去分词”。 注意:“be+过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态,有些动词(如be,feel,look,seem等)后面的过去分词已转化为形容词,用作表语表示状态。如: My bike is broken.(我的自行车坏了。) The door is open.(门开了。) 2.主动语态改被动语态的方法 1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面:①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语,放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。 2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况:①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语,直接宾语仍保留原位;②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语,此时,间接宾语前要加介词to或for。如: He gave the boy an apple.→The boy was given an apple.(或An apple was given to the boy.) Her father bought her a present.→She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.) 3)不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态,改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如: They watched the children sing that morning.→The children were watched to sing that morning. 4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。如: We call him Xiao Wang.→He is called Xiao Wang. He cut his hair short.→His hair was cut short. They told him to help me.→He was told to help me. 5)短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏。如: We must take good care of the young trees.→The young trees must be taken good care of. 6)含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时,通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语,从句放在句子后面;也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know,say,believe,find,think,report等。如: People believe that he is ill.→It is believed that he is ill.(或:He is believed to be ill.) 3.被动语态改为主动语态的方法: 被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语(或按题意要求确定主语),按照这个主语的人称和数以及原来的时态把谓语动词形式由被动语态改为主动语态。注意在主动语态中有的动词要求不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,此时要把被动语态中的to去掉。被动语态的主语用来作主动语态的宾语。如: History is made by the people.The people make history. 4.不能用于被动语态的情况 1)某些表示“静态”的及物动词(表示状态而不是动作,而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词)如have,fit,suit,hold(容纳),cost,suffer,last(持续)等不能用于被动语态。如: They have a nice car.他们有一辆漂亮的汽车。 My shoes don't fit me.我的鞋不合适。 My brain can't hold so much information at one time.我的脑子一下子记不住这么多资料。 How much/What does it cost?这值多少钱? 实用文档 文案大全 Our holiday lasts 10days.我们的假期有十天。 This food will last(them)(for)3days.这食物足够(他们)(吃)三天。 2)不是所有带介词的动词都能用于被动结构。若是构成成语动词通常有被动态,若不构成成语动词则无被动态。试比较: They arrived at a decision.A decision was arrived at.他们作出了决定。 They arrived at the station.他们到达车站。(不说:The station was arrived at.) He looked into the question.The question was looked into.他调查了这个问题。 3)动词leave(离开),enter(进入),join(参加)不可用于被动语态。如: The car left the road and hit a tree.车子离开了道路,撞上了树。 4)某些及物动词可作不及物动词用,特别是后加副词(如well,easily等)时。主动语态有被动含义,这类动词常见的有sell,write,wear,wash,cook,open,close,lock,read,record等。如: His new novel is selling well.他的新小说很畅销。The cloth washes well.这布很耐洗。 This material won't wear.这种材料不耐穿。His play won't act.他的戏剧不会上演。 The window won't shut.这窗关不上。The door won't open.这门打不开。 The door won't lock.这门锁不上。This poem reads well.这首诗读来很好。 5)feel,look,appear,sound,taste,smell等由实意动词演变而来的系动词,后接形容词作表语,不可用于被动语态。如: Tell me if you feel cold.你要是感到冷就告诉我。 You're looking very unhappy—what's the matter?你看来很不高兴———怎么回事儿? The soup tastes wonderful.这汤味道好极了。 Those roses smell beautiful.那些玫瑰好闻极了。 She appears to be friendly.她看上去很友好。 6)宾语是不定式或动词的-ing形式时,不可用于被动语态。如: Peter hoped to meet her.彼得希望遇见她。 Mr Smith enjoyed seeing his daughter.史密斯先生喜欢看他的女儿。 7)宾语是反身代词或相互代词时,不可用于被动语态。如: She can dress herself.她可以自己穿衣服。 We could hardly see each other in the fog.在雾中我们彼此几乎看不见。 8)宾语是同源宾语时,不可用于被动语态。如: They live a happy life.他们过着幸福的生活。 The girl dreamed a sweet dream.那女孩做了个甜美的梦。 9)宾语带有与主语有照应关系的物主代词时,不可用于被动语态。如: The old man broke his(=the old man's)legs.那老人把自己的腿弄断了。 The girl shook her(=the girl's)head.那女孩摇了摇头。 5.某些动词的主动形式表被动含义 英语中有很多动词如act,break,catch,cut,clean,drive,draw,let,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash,wear等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,其主动形式常用来表达被动含义。另外,像owe,beat,cook,bake,print,build,make等,有时可以用主动形式表达被动含义。如: This kind of radio doesn't sell well.这种收音机不太畅销。 The shop opens at eight o'clock.这个商店八点开门。 The pipe does not draw well.这烟斗不太通畅。 These plays act wonderfully.这些剧演得好。 Kate's book reads like an interesting novel.凯特的这本书读起来像本有趣的小说。 注意:主动表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。如: The door won't lock.门锁不上。(指门本身有毛病) The door won't be locked.门不会被锁上。(指不会有人来锁门) 实用文档 文案大全 His novels sell easily.他的小说销路好。(指小说本身内容好) His novels are sold easily.他的小说容易销售。(主要强调外界对小说的需求量大) 6.某些动名词的主动形式表被动含义 1)在need,want,require,deserve和bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动含义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。如: The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。 My clothes need washing(to be washed).我的衣服需要洗了。 2)形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。如: The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)这本画册很值得一读。 Such a man as Mr.Smith is not worth helping.(=Such a man as Mr.Smith is not worthy to be helped.)像史密斯先生那样的人不值得帮助。 This plan is not worth considering.(=This plan is not worthy to be considered.)这个计划不值得考虑。 3)某些动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义 a.当nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等形容词后跟不定式作状语,而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动含义。如: Japanese is not difficult to learn.日语并不难学。(指日语被学) The water is unfit to drink.这水不适合喝。(指水被喝) The piece of music is pleasant to hear.这首音乐听起来很悦耳。(指音乐被听) This book is easy to read.这本书读起来很容易。(指书被读) b.当动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。如: I have a lot of work to do today.我今天有很多工作要做。(work to do指被做的工作) He has three children to look after.他有三个孩子要照看。(children to look after指孩子被照看) 注意:如果以上句型用动词不定式的被动形式,其含义有所区别。如: I have some clothes to be washed.我有些要洗的衣服。(衣服不是自己洗) c.在there be...句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动或被动式,其含义没有什么区别。如: There is a lot of homework to do(to be done).有很多家庭作业要做。 There are some clothes to wash(to be washed).有些衣服要洗。 4)由介词for,on,above,under等构成的短语有时可以表达被动含义。如: His paintings will be on show tomorrow afternoon.=His paintings will be shown tomorrow afternoon.他的油画作品明天下午展出。 5)表示感官意义的连系动词如smell,feel,taste,look,sound等在句子中常表达被动含义。如: How nice the music sounds!这音乐听起来多悦耳! Good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。 Our school looks more beautiful than before.我们学校看上去比以前更漂亮了。 把下列句子变成被动语态 1.We found some jewels in a box. 2.The teacher is keeping the pupils at school for a revision. 3.James has left a parcel for you. 4.You must finish the article before Friday.