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商务英语(BEC)高级阅读真题及答案

商务英语(BEC)高级阅读真题及答案
商务英语(BEC)高级阅读真题及答案

QUeStions 1 - 8

?Look at the SentenCeS below and at five PaSSageS taken from a book about famous man ageme nt thin kers On the opposite page.

?WhiCh PaSSage does each SentenCe refer to?

?For each SentenCe 1 - 8, mark One Ietter A1 B, C, D or E On your AnSWer Sheet.

?You Will n eed to USe some of these IetterS more tha n once.

Example:

He has developed his OWn compa ny to promote his work.

0 A B C D E

1 OtherS in his field think Very highly of him.

2 HiS ideas have SPread bey Ond the bus in ess world.

3 He felt that people should be able to enjoy their work.

4 HiS ideas are more complex tha n they seem.

5 He did a Variety of interesting things before Writing his books.

6 HiS most SUCCeSSfUI book WaS Writte n With a colleague.

7 He is particularly skilled at forecasti ng importa nt developme nts.

8 Con tact With the military WaS an early in flue nce on his thinking.

A John Adair

Adair is the Pioneering BritiSh thinker in the theory of Ieadership. He WaS the first PerS On in the UK to hold a PrOfeSSOrShiP in BUSin ess LeaderShiP and has PUbIiShed a SerieS of in flue ntial books on the subject.

DeSPite his quiet appeara nce, Adair has had a colourful life, SerVi ng in a

Bedo Uin regime nt and work ing on an ArCtiC fish ing boat! HiS in itial in terest in

IeaderShiP Came from his army experie nce and he USed to IeCtUre at the highly PreStigiOUS academy Where BritiSh army OffiCeS are train ed. He now works as an intern ati Onal Con sulta nt.

B EdWard de Bono

De Bono is UnUsual among major gurus for two reasons: firstly, he WaS born not

in One of the great in dustrial n ati OnS but on the tiny isla nd of Malta. SeCon dly,

his ideas have reached a Wider audie nce tha n just man agers, so that his books have become esse ntial rending in many differe nt discipli nes.

Most of de Bono S work has bee n ConCerned With the Way huma n beings can train themselves to think more creatively. ThiS apparently SimPIe idea has resulted in 37 books and a highly SUCCeSSfUI Career as a IeCtUrer and Con sulta nt.

C Peter DrUCker

PrObabIy no Other Sin gle thin ker has done as much as DrUCker to establish

man ageme nt as a SeriOUS area of study. Certai nly, his fellow man ageme nt thi nkers

ConSider him One of the founding fathers of the discipline, and his books and articles are quoted more tha n those of any Other man ageme nt writer.

HiS first book WaS PUbIiShed as far back as 1939, yet he is still Writing and

teach ing. HiS greatest disti nction has bee n his ability to PrediCt Coming trends

D FrederiCk HerZberg

Although relatively few Con temporary man ageme nt StUde nts will have read his

books, HerZberg S n ameis in Sta ntly recog ni sable to anyone who has StUdied in dustrial

orga ni Sati ons. ThiS is because the AmeriCa n psychologist WaS resp On sible for in troduci ng the Con CePt of motivati On into man ageme nt thi nking.

AS a young man, HerZberg became deeply interested in mental illness and the human need for mental and emotiOnal SatiSfaCtion. ThiS led him to CritiCiSe the approach of many compa nies to job desig n, and to argue for the n eed for job en richme nt to StimUIate employees efforts.

E Tom PeterS

The AmeriCa n S reputati On WaS Created in the I 980s by the SPeCtaCUIar SUCCeSS

of One book, In SearCh of Excellence, CO-Written With RObert Waterman. The two Were working together as management Consultants and no-one expected their first (and Only) book to end UP selling 5 million COPieS worldwide!

Although his ideas have been criticised, PeterS popularity as a SPeaker and

Writer has ContinUed to grow. So much so that PeterS has Created his OWn bus in ess

to market books, VideOS and Con sulta ncy based On his work.

PART TWO

QUeStiOnS 9 - 14

?Read this text from an article about health clubs.

?ChQQSe the best SentenCe from the QPPQSite Page to fill in each

Qf the gaps.

?FQr each gap 9 - 14, mark One Ietter A - H On your An SWer Sheet.

?DQ not USe any Ietter more tha n On ce.

?There is an example at the beg inning (0).

TraVeI StreSS brings boom to health clubs

A rapid growth in bus in ess travel has PrQVided a IUCratiVe SPin-Off

for BritiSh health clubs as CQmPa nies try to PreVe nt hard-work ing executives from SUfferi ng travel-related stress.

HeaIth clubs are fully booked throughout the Coming mon ths all around the CoUntryand many are pla nning to expa nd their facilities.

0 H ACCQrding to Gillie Turner, group marketing manager for the ChamPneysgroup Qf health clubs, during the last recessiOn executives lost manyof their extra ben efits as CQmPa nies CUt back. . 9 She SayS that large CQmPa nies also Seem to have decided that it is no good Sending SQme One to a CoUntry like SPain as a reward for doing a good job, because they will SimPIy eat too much and flop Onto a beach. . 10

ChamP neys,the CQmPa ny ack no WIedged as the market Ieader in this field, is now planning to introduce a SPeCiaI "Profiting from Stress" course,

WhiCh will run OVer three days. . 11 JonathOn StaPIeton, general manager

Of ChamP neys, SayS that moder n corporate Iife being What it is, most bus in ess travellers find that they are hav ing to do the work WhiCh - eve n a year ago - WaS done by two. 12

To meet this new dema nd, other health clubs are also thinking of introducing SimiIar schemes. Clare Brandish, the sales and marketing director of ano ther health club, has no ticed a marked Cha nge in the clientele at her club. . 13

BUS in esses of all kinds are an xious to reduce abse nteeism. . 14 MUCh of the problem is CaUSed by long PeriOdS away from home, irregular hours, bus in ess en terta ining and jet lag.

ACCOrd ing to the Guild of BUSin ess TraVeI Age nts, sales of

bus in ess-class airli ne tickets have rise n by 12% in the PaSt year, hotel bookings have gone UP by 36%and Car hire has risen by 24%. DaVe ReynoIds, the GBTA Chief executive, SayS that the trouble is that the Same number of people are being asked to travel more often. He comments that it is no

won der they n eed to take a break in a health club.

A It has bee n calculated that about 40 milli on worki ng days are lost

each year in Britain because of stress, ten times as many as are lost 10 in dustrial disputes.

B ThiS has invo IVed a con SiderabIe rise in the nu mber of bus in ess book in gs, WhereaS previously most clie nts Came as PriVate in dividuals.

C Now they are being restored, as in dustry realises that the health of its executives is vital.

D BUt who will ben efit most from these developme nts?

E BeCaUSe of the PreSSUreS this imposes, many compa nies have now decided that it is WOrthWhiIe Paying for their SeniOr executives to take a PrOPer break and get advice on how to COmbat stress.

F EXeCUtiVeS taking Part in it will be given massages and health treatme nts, workouts and a range of talks on how to deal With stress, especially Whe n travelli ng.

G So What S the reason for this now trend?

PART THREE

QUeStiO ns 15 - 20

?Read the followi ng article on recruit ing and managing Staff and the questi ons on the opposite page.

?EaCh question has four SUggeSted anSWerS or WayS of finiShing the Senten ce, A, B, C and D.

?Mark one Ietter A, B, C or D on your AnSWer Sheet, for the anSWer you choose.

AS a manager in the SerViCe industry SeCtor, 「ve looked at hundreds

Of CVSin mytime. They are not necessarily the bland documents SOmebOSSeS might think they are! They are full of little pointers towards individua∣S PerSonalities and SUitabiIity for the job. The first thing I always look

at is an applica nt S employme nt record. I CheCk for con ti nuity and stability. If somebody has a long list of PreViOUS jobs, all of Vary ing Iength, alarm bells Start ringing. Rather than an irregular route from job to job, What I hope to See is StabIe Career PrOgreSSi on. What does their Career Path look like - is it all StePS forward, or are there a lot of SideWayS moves? And I am always PIeaSed to find a family PerSon With ChiIdre n, because in my experie nce they tend to be resp on sible and reliable.

I n ever rely on CVS alone. We get applica nts to fill in one of our own application forms. WeaSk Why they've applied, What their aspirations

and PerS onal goals are, and also about their in terests and hobbies and any clubs they bel ong to. That gives you a USefUI in Sight into their PerSonality and lifestyle. The application form also enables US to test how muchpeople have actually been PrOgreSSing in their careers, because We ask for details of the SaIarieS they have received for each job.

It S always worth looking at CVSand designing application forms With great care. TakingOn employees might be rewardi ng, but it is also a big in VeStme nt for any bus in ess. MiStakeS in choos ing Staff Can cost compa nies dear, so it makes SenSe to SPend time enSUring you get the right PerSon.

In the SerViCe SeCtor, one of the aims of compa nies is to main tai n and improve CUStOmer service, and this is achieved PartIy through low Staff tur no ver. You n eed to take on people who Un dersta nd that, and will Want to stay. That S why, Whe n you've take n Staff on, the n ext thi ng is gett ing the best out of them.

My man ageme nt style comes from the days Whe n I took over my first bus in ess, an aili ng road haulage firm WhiCh I WaS Certa in I could turn into a PrOfitabIe company. The first thing is to treat OtherS as you d like to be treated yourself. AS soon as I took over the bus in ess, I talked to everybody in dividually, and looked for WayS to make SUre their PartiCUIar skills ben efited the compa ny.

I did n't have muchexperie nce the n of managing people, but above all

I always tried to be fair and hon est With every one. AS a result, I thi nk the Staff knew that and accepted my decisi ons, eve n if they did n't agree With them all. Also, bosses must be able to communicate. You also need to Create team spirit, and build on the Strength of the team. I explained my plans for the company to all the staff, and let them all know What I needed from them. The lorry drivers responded brilliantly, and Were the

key to tur ning the bus in ess round. They Un derstood that We had to develop a PrOfeSSi Onal reputati on, and from the n On the days of poor quality deliveries Were over.

Lastly, I am a great believer in PrOfit-Sharing. It takes a team to makea company work, so PrOfitS should be Shared by all. Job SatiSfaCtion is importa nt, but it does n't Pay the rent. Shared PrOfit and bonu SeS help to Stre ngthe n team SPirit by giving every one a commongoal that they work towards together.

15 What fact does the Writer hope to lear n from applica nts CVs?

A that they have experie nce of many differe nt jobs

B that their CareerS have developed SteadiIy

C the opin io n their employers had of them

D Whether they are married or Si ngle

16 The Writer SayS the application form is USefUI because it

A reveals SOmeth ing of the applica nt S CharaCter.

B gives information about the applicant S family.

C expla ins What skills the applica nt has for the job.

D shows how much the applica nt WantS to earn.

17 ACCOrding to the writer, Why are CVS and application forms so importa nt?

A In terview ing people is an expe nsive process.

B They in dicate Whether applica nts really Want the job.

C They in dicate Whether applica nts are efficie nt or not.

D Emplo ying the wrong people Can be disastrous.

18 On ereas on Why the Writer WaS SUCCeSSfUI in her first bus in ess WaS that

A She WaS USed to deali ng With people.

B She WaS open With the staff.

C the bus in ess WaS already doing well Whe n She started.

D the Staff agreed With all her decisi ons.

19 The Writer believes PrOfit-Sharing is a good idea because

A it en COUrageS a COmPetitiVe spirit.

B every OneearnS the Same salary.

C every one ShareS the Same aim.

D it CreateS job SatiSfaCti on.

20 WhiCh would make the best title for this text?

A PrOfit-Sharing as motivation

B How I tur ned a bus in ess round

C People - the key to bus in ess SUCCeSS

D The importa nce of a well-prese nted CV

PART FOUR

QUeStiOns 21 - 30

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