2023年新高考英语二轮拔高班阅读理解训练题
型说明文题组复习资料
阅读理解训练题型：说明文题组训练（五）
（2022·福建厦门·校联考模拟预测）Our planet is home to many radioactive substances-not just in is geologic innards but also in its hospitals, at its industrial sites and in its food processing plants. In Colorado, for instance, 27 buildings house scary-sounding chemical elements such as cesium 137 and cobalt 60. These materials are not there for risky purposes, though. They play a part in cancer treatment, blood irradiation, medical and food sterilization, structure and equipment testing, geologic exploration, etc.
The radioactive material is not always bad in a black and-white way: it can be a useful tool. The rays given off by cesium and cobalt can kill germs multiplying in your meat and make your apples last longer. Radiographic instruments can detect, say, cracks in a city’s pipes in a similar way to an x-ray picking up a hairline fracture in your knee. A practice called “well logging”uses sealed radioactive sources to map the geology of holes oil seekers drill into the earth. And of course, radiation is key to cancer treatment.
The risk arises because the same radioactive material that is beneficial
could also be stolen or misplaced and find its way into trafficking rings or dirty bombs. It might also barn workers if something accidentally goes wrong during a normal nine-to-five day. In 2017 alone, according to a report from the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, there were 171 “incidents of nuclear or other radioactive materials outside of regulatory control”based on open source reports, 104 of which happened in the U.S.
An initiative called RadSecure 100 was launched to remove and better secure energetic material in 100 U.S. cities. “Where is the most high-risk material located around the most people?”says Emily Adams, deputy director of a domestic program in the Office of Radiological Security. “And that’s how we got our 100.”
1．What message does the author seem to convey in paragraph 1? A．Radioactive substances can warm our planet.
B．Food processing does harm to workers in plants.
C．The radioactive material is basically everywhere.
D．It’s hard to remove scary-sounding elements in buildings. 2．Why does the author mention “well logging”in paragraph 2? A．To make a summary. B．To raise a question.
C．To provide a contrast. D．To support an idea.
3．What is RadSecure 100 intended for?
A．Making use of energetic substances. B．Ensuring safety of the
radioactive material.
C．Warning people of the most high-risk material D．Protecting the Office of Radiological Security.
4．What is the writer’s attitude towards the radioactive material? A．Pessimistic. B．Objective. C．Disapproval. D．Carefree.
（2022·重庆·校联考二模）A new study has found that water in the air, not just heat, is important in measuring global warming. The researchers say, when considering humidity and heat, the temperature increase is two times greater than earlier estimates.
The researchers also note, temperature by itself is not the best way to measure the effects of climate change and using temperature underestimates conditions in the tropical areas of the world.
The study was published on January 31 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The researchers team show that the energy created in extreme weather, such as storms, is related to the amount of water in the air. For this reason, they decided to use a special atmospheric measurement to show the amount of heat in an area of air. It is expressed in a scientific measurement for temperature known as degrees Kelvin.
Ramanathan is one of the writers of the study. He is a climate scientist at
the University of California San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography. “There are two factors of climate change: temperature and humidity. And so far, we have measured global warming just in terms of temperature,”he says. “Warm air can hold more water than cold air. For every degree Celsius that air temperature increases, it can hold seven percent more water. When the water vapor in the air becomes liquid, it releases heat or energy. That’s why when it rains, now it pours.”Ramanathan added that water vapor is a powerful heat-trapping gas in the atmosphere that increases climate change. From 1980 to 2019, the average world surface air temperature increased by 0.79 degrees Celsius. But when they considered energy from humidity, their temperature measurement had increased by 1.48 degrees Celsius. In the tropics, the warming was as much as 4 degrees Celsius.
Wuebbles is a climate scientist at the University of Illinois. He was not part of the study. But Wuebbles said the idea makes sense because water vapor is important in extreme rainfall. He said, “Both heat and humidity are important.”
5．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．The combination of water and heat decreases average surface temperature.
B．The reason why it pours is that cold air can hold more water than warm air.
C．Scientists adopt temperature degrees Kelvin as a special atmospheric measurement.
D．Scientists used both temperature and humidity to measure global warming in the past.
6．How does Ramanathan illustrate his findings in the fifth paragraph? A．By making comparisons. B．By taking examples.
C．By analyzing reasons. D．By giving definitions.
7．What is Wuebbles’attitude to this new study?
A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Skeptical. D．Appreciative.
8．Which of the following may be the best title for the passage? A．Extreme Weathers Are Closely Related to Air Heat Amount
B．A New Study Focuses on Global Warming Solutions
C．Humidity Is Also Important in Measuring Climate Changes D．Two Climate Scientists Develop a Scientific Method
（2022·湖南郴州·统考一模）Shawanee Patrick is passionate about giving everyone the ability to walk as comfortably and effectively as possible through the use of walking assistive devices, such as prosthetics (假肢) and orthotics. A Ph.D．student in the J. Mike walker 66 Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University, Patrick was inspired to help develop better walking assistive devices by the partial paralysis (瘫痪) of her grandmother.
Her research focuses on developing and improving walking assistive devices by determining what inputs are important and outcomes that could improve the design process. “I like to say my research is about how to help people who can’t walk be able to walk, and how to help those who do walk. Walk better.”Patrick said. “That’s kind of my aim. Walking improves the quality of life, so it’s really important we help those facing challenges when we can.”
The COVID-19 pandemic brought challenges to Patrick’s research as well. Patrick’s research—which works with human studies—had been delayed several times by the health and availability of her subjects. Patrick said the process of conducting her research includes investigating the user’s needs from various angles. From the perspective of the user themselves to their physician and family members, Patrick said it is necessary to build a complete picture of them.
Patrick is determined to make a positive impact on the lives of the people she works with. as well as the thousands more like them. Although the specific project she is working on will not be going to market. Patrick said she is hopeful that the research she is conducting could one day influence the development of a product that makes its way to those who could greatly benefit from the support.
9．What inspired Patrick to start the project?
A．Her strong desire to help the old.
B．Her grandmother’s disability.
C．Her assignment in university.
D．Her enthusiasm about mechanical engineering.
10．What is the purpose of Patrick’s research?
A．To figure out the facts about inputs.
B．To cope with the important challenges.
C．To improve the lives of those in need.
D．To perfect the design process.
11．What was the necessary step when Patrick conducted the research? A．Fully understand the users’demands.
B．Remove the C0VID-19 pandemic.
C．Investigate the users’health and availability.
D．Contact the users’physician and family members.
12．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．How to walk Better.
B．A Cure for Painful Patients.
C．A New walking Device.
D．A Helpful Project Launched by A student.
（2022·广东肇庆·肇庆市第一中学校考一模）Final exams are around the comer —but that won’t stop some teenagers putting in the least effort. This may be because their brains aren’t developed enough to properly assess how high the stakes (利害关系) are, and adapt their
behaviour accordingly.
Catherine Insel, at Harvard University, and her team asked adolescents between the ages of 13 and 20 to play a game while monitoring their brains. In some rounds of the game,participants could earn 20 cents fora correct response, while an incorrect one would cost them 10 cents. But in rounds with higher stakes,correct responses were worth a dollar, and wrong answers lost the participants 50 cents.
The team found that while the older volunteers performed better in the high stakes rounds, the younger ones didn’t —their performance didn’t change in line with whether the stakes were low or high. And the older the volunteers were, the more improved their performance was.
When the team looked at the brain activity of the volunteers,they found that their ability to improve their performance was linked to how developed their brains were. A region in the brain, which continues to develop until we are at least 25 years old, seemed to be particularly important. The findings explain why some teenagers are so unconcerned when it comes to hazardous behaviors, such as driving too fast, for instance, especially when one of their friends is nearby.
Insel thinks schools should reconsider the way they test performance in teenagers. “This study suggests it’s not a good idea to evaluate school performance in a single final exam”, she says. A better idea would be to use a variety of smaller tests, conducted throughout the year.
It’s not all bad news for teens, though. Teenagers put the same amount of effort into tasks that aren’t “important”, and start to prefer hobbies to school. It could be a good thing, allowing teenagers to learn complex social skills, for example.
13．Why did the researchers set different bets in the game?
A．To teach how to make money.
B．To better monitor participants’brains.
C．To show the varied risk levels of the game.
D．To meet the needs of different participants.
14．What does the underlined word “hazardous”probably mean? A．Dangerous. B．Abusive.
C．Specific. D．Addictive.
15．What should be kept in mind while assessing students’performance?
A．It should not be judged by only one exam.
B．The items in exams should not be too difficult.
C．Exam-focused education should not be adopted. D．Examination is not a good means of evaluating students. 16．What is Insel’s attitude to teenagers’putting effort into “unimportant”tasks?
A．Unclear. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Negative. （2022·江苏徐州·徐州市第七中学校考模拟预测）Have you ever
wondered what the food you eat every day can tell you about where you come from? Have you ever wondered why people from different parts of the world eat different types of food? Do you ever ask yourself why certain foods or culinary (烹饪的) traditions are so important to your culture? There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think.
On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our cultures. It becomes a part of who each of us is. Many of us associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us.
On a larger scale, food is an important part of culture. Traditional cuisine is passed down from one generation to the next. It also operates as an expression of cultural identity. Immigrants bring the food of their countries with them wherever they go and cooking traditional food is a way of preserving their culture when they move to new places.
In China, harmony is a vital quality in almost every aspect of life. This is reflected in Chinese cuisine, where almost every flavor is used in a balanced way creating delicious dishes with flavors that go well together. The cuisine of the United States also reflects its history. The European colonization of the Americas brought European ingredients and cooking styles to the U.S.
As the world becomes more globalized, it is easier to access cuisines
from different cultures. We should embrace our heritage(传统)through our culture's food but we should also become more informed about other cultures by trying their foods. It's important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it.
17．What does the author want to express in Paragraph 1?
A．A link between food and culture.
B．Connections between food and the growth of people. C．Different types of food.
D．Concerns about food and culture.
18．What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Traditional food. B．Traditional culture.
C．One generation. D．Childhood.
19．How do people feel about Chinese food?
A．It is rich in all kinds of vitamins.
B．It balances the dishes of different countries.
C．It is extremely crucial to balance people's daily life.
D．It contains abundant dishes with various flavors.
20．What can we learn about food from this passage?
A．It binds us to the society, holding a special and personal value for us. B．The European colonist in Americas brought the ingredients and cooking styles from their hometown to the USA．
C．In Chinese culture, harmony in cuisine is of little significance. D．We should refuse the cuisines in other cultures.
参考答案
1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．A 16．B 17．A 18．A 19．D 20．B
专题强化练(五)——阅读理解之主旨大意题 (限时25分钟) 对应学生用书(单独成册)第113页 A (2020·郑州第二次质检)Something strange has been happening to me lately: Women in the street have been telling me I'm brave. My act of courage isn't much—I just stopped coloring my hair.I had brown hair that started going gray when I was 30.So，like a lot of women，I started dyeing(染)it.It was expensive and timeconsuming.And my hair grows fast，so I needed to go back to the hair salon(美发厅)every 5 weeks. Many people seem to enjoy holding onto their youth for as long as possible，giving others the impression that they don't have much wisdom or many accomplishments.But our hair starts to turn gray and suddenly we start spending $500 or more a year to cover something our male colleagues don't need to cover. Of course，people should do what they want to do with their own body—my mother is 91 and still has“blonde” hair，and why not？I just wish more of us would feel that it is OK to be ourselves，because going gray has done more for me than saving me time and money. I like my natural hair，just as it is.I like how it has got curly again.It is recovering after years of being damaged by chemicals.I also like that it has given me some needed attitude in a society that makes youth seem so important，while being against maturity.It reminds me that I'm not a kid anymore and this isn't a bad thing.Not being a kid anymore means I read the books I want，and not the books I feel I should read.It means not wasting my time at events I don't need to attend when I'd rather be with my family and friends. When I see my hair in the mirror，it's a reminder that my time is limited，and I should spend it doing what matters.There's nothing shameful about growing older.And pretending it's not happening is a way of giving up our power. I see my gray hair as a little act of rebellion(反叛)against the idea that people lose value as they age，instead of gaining it.I see gray hair as my “flag” and I'm letting it fly proudly. [语篇解读] 在文章开头，作者叙述了自己虽然头发变白但不再染发，从而受到别人的好评的经历，接着表达了自己对变老的看法。作者认为染发浪费金钱和时间，追求自然、重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧才是重要的。 1．How does the author feel about coloring hair? A．It shows people's great courage. B．It is a good way to hold onto youth. C．It shows wisdom and accomplishments. D．It costs much money and it takes much time to do that. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段，尤其是该段中的“It was expen sive and timeconsuming.”可知，作者认为染发花费很多时间和金钱。 答案：D 2．What should we do when we grow old according to the author? A．Give up our power. B．Pretend to be still young. C．Accept it and act positively. D．Read as many books as possible. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段，尤其是最后一句“I just wish more of us would feel that it is OK to be ourselves，because going gray has done more for me than saving me time and money.”和第六段中的“I should spend it doing what matters”以及第七
2022年高考英语真题学习与应试指导阅读理解篇【新高考全国卷I】 真题学习+应试技巧 定位+替换 A篇（Information信息类） 一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章主旨大意 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息二．信息定位攻略: 注意一些限定词。尤其是this; the; these; those...,因为这是作者在给你暗示: ) Grading Policies (评分政策)for Introduction(介绍;说明;导论) to Literature (文学) Grading Scale（评分标准） 90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below（低于）60, E. Essays ( 程) Daily( 记) Late Work 级) date accepted ( A. A
academic article.(学术文章) 22. is a student's → 100%=60%+30%+10% A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 23. What will happen if you submit (提交)→超过提交截止日期后果 A. You will receive (获得) a zero.[ receive=earn=get] B. You will lose a letter grade (降低一个等级评分). C. You will be given a test (测试). D. You will have to rewrite(重写) it. B篇（Introduction说明文） 一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章作者写作意图 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息 二．处理信息句与选项：词汇复现原则（原词复现；近同义词复现；反义词复现；上下义词复现） Like most of us, I try to be mindful(留意) of food that goes to waste (浪费) arugula（芝麻菜）was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast (烤) chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck(放置) the chicken in the freezer(冷
2023年新高考英语二轮拔高班阅读理解训练题 型说明文题组复习资料 阅读理解训练题型：说明文题组训练（五） （2022·福建厦门·校联考模拟预测）Our planet is home to many radioactive substances-not just in is geologic innards but also in its hospitals, at its industrial sites and in its food processing plants. In Colorado, for instance, 27 buildings house scary-sounding chemical elements such as cesium 137 and cobalt 60. These materials are not there for risky purposes, though. They play a part in cancer treatment, blood irradiation, medical and food sterilization, structure and equipment testing, geologic exploration, etc. The radioactive material is not always bad in a black and-white way: it can be a useful tool. The rays given off by cesium and cobalt can kill germs multiplying in your meat and make your apples last longer. Radiographic instruments can detect, say, cracks in a city’s pipes in a similar way to an x-ray picking up a hairline fracture in your knee. A practice called “well logging”uses sealed radioactive sources to map the geology of holes oil seekers drill into the earth. And of course, radiation is key to cancer treatment. The risk arises because the same radioactive material that is beneficial
2021-2022年高考英语二轮复习第一部分题型专题方略专题一阅读理解第五讲篇章结构题针对训练 (xx·山东济南调研)Too often in life，we focus on the things we cannot do.Sometimes we cannot do things because of financial limitations，health limitations，family limitations，educational limitations，and so on.Sometimes，we end up limiting ourselves from achieving success in reaching our goals.We end up having a negative attitude which limits our ability to achieve success and happiness in our life. Through the Internet，I have recently met an individual whom I found to be very inspiring.He has a positive attitude；he focuses on what he can do.To name a few of his acplishments：he has set a world record，and is in the Guinness Book of World Records；he is an international poet with over 900 publications；he is an advocate for the disabled；he is the founder of Beyond Limitations Week；he is an ambassador for the Harvey Ball World Smile Foundation；he has created his own website—http： //wheelierecord.Tripod.corn/ index，html.And the list could go on! The individual is Robert M．Hensel.You see，Robert was born spina bifida，a disability that affects the sense of balance and also has an impact on the kidneys.Robert could have easily used his disability to
2023高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解专题 说明文 说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它通过对实体事物进行科学的解说，对客观事物作出说明或对抽象事理进行阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能、关系或对事理的概念、特点、来源、演变、异同等有科学的认识，从而获得有关知识。考情分析 说明文所选材料题材丰富多样，涉及社会、科技、文化、生活、人物、教育、生态、安全等方面。在高考英语阅读理解中，说明文所占比重尤为突出。它既要求考生能熟练运用词汇和语法知识、理解文章语句、把握语篇整体结构，还要求学生有大量的阅读积淀和知识储备，熟悉不同的话题和不同的题目考查方式。即便是细节理解题，大多数情况下考生也无法从文章中直接找到与选项表述完全一致的信息，而是需要在理解文章细节信息后作出归纳和判断。通常一套卷中主旨大意、词义猜测、写作意图/观点态度类高难度试题的考查数量为2道左右，说明文考查此类题目的频率较高，且命题点呈多样化。 二、文体特点与阅读策略 1. 语言特点： 阅读理解主要考查考生对词汇和句式的掌握和运用情况。说明文因其生僻词汇多、句式复杂等特点，相对于其他体裁的文章来说难度更大。结构特点： 说明文的特点是客观、简练，文章很少表达作者的感情倾向。说明文
通常采用以下结构形式： （1）总分式。事物说明文常用“总－分”式、“总－分－总”式和“分－总”式结构，完整的“总－分－总”式说明文先总体概括，再分说，最后再总结。 （2）递进式。事理说明文常用这种结构形式，通常由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质，逐层递进，一层一层地剖析事理。 （3）并列式。文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分。 （4）对照式。通过两个事物的比较和对照说明其异同。 不管采用何种方式行文，说明文基本上都会遵循“首段引入所要说明的话题，其他部分采用并列式段落或递进式段落对其进行说明”这一规律。 3. 备考误区 （1）阅读方法错误。比如用手指划着读或者边读边译都会减慢应有的阅读速度。此外，遇到新词马上停下去查词典，这不利于培养独立思考和解决问题的能力，也不利于提高利用构词法知识和根据上下文语境猜测词义的能力。 （2）基础知识不牢固。词汇量不足和缺乏语法、句法知识致使考生理解长句和难句的能力不强，比如对于新课标中的生僻词汇、一词多义、熟词生义以及派生词、合成词等不了解，导致无法理解文意。针对这个问题，考生平时要有目的地积累和总结。答完题后重读文章，找出做题过程中经常影响阅读的单词，将其积累到笔记本中，利用零碎时间加强记忆。
2023届高考二轮复习阅读理解专项训练 篇目文体类型话题 A 应用文艺术节活动 B 新闻报道工匠精神 C 记叙文环境保护 D 说明文Chat GPT A In Singapore, it seems like art is at every turn. Look closely and you’ll discover masterpieces in front of an office building, a walkway, and even on a rooftop garden, where everyone can appreciate them up close. In order to further promote art, festivals are held throughout the year. Here are some of the biggest art draws to come. ARTWALK When: January An annual public art festival, Artwalk takes place in the culturally rich neighborhoods of Little India and Katong-Joo Chiat. Visitors can learn about the food, stories and history of two of Singapore’s most distinct communities on guided walking tours. They can even experience art and culture up close with hands—on workshops with local artists, storytellers and cultural experts. ART SG When: March
2023高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解专题 记叙文 记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。高考英语阅读理解中的记叙文类文章一般包括人物传记、哲理或故事等。人物传记类文章描述某个人的生平事迹、奋斗历程；故事类文章通过一个小故事，说明一个道理。 一、考情分析 通常一套卷有一篇记叙文，个别试卷选用两篇记叙文。所选的记叙文多以第一人称或第三人称为主，讲述一个短小精悍、有教育意义的故事，有时也会选用生活中的轶闻趣事。所讲述的故事题材丰富多样、富有生活气息，多按时间顺序叙述，偶尔也会有倒叙或插叙的 情形。 从命题上看，记叙文阅读理解以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，以观点态度题、写作意图题、词义猜测题和代词指代题为辅，难度总体上属于中等程度。记叙文阅读理解题要求考生能理清记叙的顺序与所讲故事的情节，能准确把握人物的情感态度和作者的写作目的。 二、文体特点与阅读策略 1. 语言与结构特点 英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点或过程。其特点是：主题往往隐藏在字里行间，没有直接地表达出来；文章主旨要通过人物、事件来进行提炼；文章大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中
描写的主要内容，从整体上把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及文章的情感主线。 2. 答题误区 记叙文阅读理解题的易错点往往在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。解题时，一方面要依据文章的顺序和故事的发展弄清一系列事件的先后顺序以及它们之间的逻辑关系，必要时可以对时间和事件进行排序；另一方面，还要根据人物的处境和描写、议论时所用的特定词语来准确把握人物的情感与态度，做到入情入境，特别要留意描写和议论时所用的形容词和副词。 3. 阅读策略 在做阅读理解题时，首先要通读全文，弄清六要素和记叙的顺序，特别要注意文章中提到的多个时间、地点和人物，理清事件的起因、经过和结果；然后阅读题干，在文章中查找相关的信息；最后根据查找到的相关信息作出正确的选择。如果文中所涉及的人物较多，还要弄清人物之间的关系。 三、实战演练 【原创试题（一）】 I didn’t q uite know what I was looking for when I flew to Mongolia for a semester abroad. I just needed something different, far from the late-night libraries of my college town. Most different, I hoped, would be my rural homestay: two weeks in central Mongolia with a family of nomadic (游牧的) herders.
近三年（2020——2022）高考真题——说明文阅读 1.（2020年新课标Ⅰ）C Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour. However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. 28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A. They must run long distances. B. They are qualified for the marathon. C. They have to follow special rules. D. They are good at swinging their legs. 29. What advantage does race walking have over running? A. It’s more popular at the Olympics. B. It’s less challenging physically. C. It’s more effective in body building. D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. 30. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking? A. Getting experts’ opinions. B. Having a medical checkup. C. Hiring an experienced coach. D. Doing regular exercises. 31. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking? A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative. 2.（2020年新课标Ⅰ）D The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants. The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT. One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps. In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)—such as the distance from a power plant to street
阅读理解 Preschool Girl Lifts Old Man’s Spirits When Tara Wood brought her daughter to a grocery store to buy the four-year-old some cupcakes, she had no idea that would be a life-changing experience. As Tara pushed her daughter Norah around the store last month, she passed an old man who was by himself. The old man looked cold, until Norah shouted to him, “Hi! It’s my birthday today!” The man stopped and his demeanor changed from distant and serious to warm and friendly. “How old are you today?” the man asked. After some time talking together, Norah asked her mom to take a picture of her with her new friend “Mr. Dan”, Dan Peterson, 82. They hugged and after ten minutes went their separate ways. That could have been the end of the story. But it is actually the beginning of a special relationship. Tara posted the picture of her daughter and Mr. Dan on Facebook and someone who recognized him reached out to her with his contact information. It turned out that Mr. Dan’s wife died in March and he had been suffering from depression and anxiety ever since. The person on Facebook told Tara that it was the first time they had seen Mr. Dan smile since the death of his wife. Knowing that, Tara contacted Mr. Dan, and ever since Norah and the 82-year-old have developed a friendship unlike any other. “She has shown me a depth of love, a depth that I didn’t know existed,” Mr. Dan told the reporter. Mr. Dan told Tara that before meeting Norah, he hadn’t had one night of uninterrupted sleep. Anxiety kept him up at all hours and made him restless. After meeting Norah, he said he now sleeps soundly. For Mr. Dan’s 82nd birthday on October 20, the mother and the daughter brought balloons and presents — and, of course, cupcakes. Mr. Dan will also spend a day around Thanksgiving with Norah and her family. “If you don’t take the time to notice people, you will never know how you can positively impact a life,” Tara Wood said. 1．Mr. Dan looked cold because ________. A．he felt lonely B．he disliked little kids C．nobody had hugged him D．he knew little about Norah 2．How did Tara know more about Mr. Dan? A．From a news reporter.B．From a stranger.
2023届高考英语二轮阅读理解专题之科普知识类说明文（含参考答案、核心词汇背诵默写版、参考译文） A篇 Every person yawns. So do many other vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals, including snakes, dogs, cats, sharks, and chimpanzees. While yawning is contagious (会传染的), not everyone catches a yawn. Around 60-70% of people yawn if they see another person yawn in real life or in a photo or even read about yawning. Contagious yawning also occurs in animals, but it doesn’t necessarily work the same way as in people. Scientists have proposed many theories for why we catch yawns. Probably the most popular theory is that yawning serves as a form of nonverbal communication. Catching a yawn shows you’re accustomed to a person’s emotions. Scientific evidence comes from a 2010 study at the University of Connecticut, which concluded yawning does not become contagious until a child is about four years old when empathy (共情) skills develop. In the study, children with autism, who may have impaired empathy development, caught yawns less often than their peers. Studying contagious yawning in other animals may provide clues to how people catch yawns. Contagious yawning in animals may serve as a means of communication. Siamese fighting fish yawn when they see their mirror image or another fighting fish, generally just prior to an attack. Contagious yawning is linked to temperature, in both animals and people. Most scientists speculate it is a thermoregulatory behavior, while some researchers believe it is used to communicate a potential threat or stressful situation. A 2010 study of budgerigars (虎皮鹦鹉) found that yawning increased as temperature was raised near body temperature. People commonly yawn when tired or bored. Similar behavior is seen in animals. One study found the brain temperature in sleep deprived rats was higher than their core temperature. Yawning reduced brain temperature, possibly improving brain
专题十二阅读理解综合训练（C卷） 1. From virtual tours to e-learning tools, museums and art galleries have been sharing resources using digital platforms to continue to connect with the public, share collections and stories. Hastings Museum and Art Gallery Hastings Museum and Art Gallery is a museum in Hastings with a diverse collection of local history, fine decorative arts and natural science. In addition, we have launched a digital museum via Twitter, Facebook and Instagram. The British Library Our imaginative specialists managed to digitize the globes, which form one of the most beautiful parts in the British Library's vast map collection. The virtual globes would be made available for up-close interaction on the British Library's website throughout 2020, with the first ten due for release on 26 March. Art UK Art UK is the online home for every public art collection in the UK. Art UK is a charity, which features almost 250,000 digitized artworks available online. Through our work, We make art available to everyone—for enjoyment, learning and research. We also offer users the opportunity to create and share albums of artworks as well as "digital surrogate(替代的) exhibitions". Leeds Art Gallery The displays at Leeds Art Gallery have been selected by the staff to reflect the richness and variety of the collections. Established masterpieces are presented alongside lesser-known works. The exhibition includes recent acquisitions and long-term works from the collections. There are many collections—only a fraction(少量) of them are on display at any one time. When not on show, these may be seen by appointment at the Gallery. 1. Which is the most inviting to a geography lover? A. Hastings Museum and Art Gallery. B. The British Library. C. Art UK. D. Leeds Art Gallery. 2. What is special about Art UK? A. It is an ideal museum for a family. B. It has the largest collection of art works. C. It is a non-profit art learning service. D. It displays lesser-known works besides famous ones. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To introduce virtual tour options. B. To inform readers of art events. C. To choose the best gallery in England. D. To popularize art knowledge to readers. 2. In Europe, there are countless cities which are worth visiting, among which Prague and Vienna are both wonderful and exciting cities with a stunning modern atmosphere and ancient history and culture. If you've got a European vacation planned, but your limited time or budget can only allow you to explore one