非谓语动词
一：基本形态及表达作用
1.一般式不定式（to）+ do
说明行为在谓语动词所表示的行为之后，多数是那些表愿望的词：want; hope; expect; wish 等。I want to go home. I hope to see you.
说明行为与谓语动词表示的行为同时发生，多数是那些省略不定式符号的词，一般是复合宾语。I saw him come in.
He helped him (to) carry things.
2.一般式动名词V-ing
表示动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发出。We enjoyed seeing the film. I am thinking of taking over the job.
在动词insist on; rely on; count on(相信)等后表示动作在谓语动词表示的动作之后发生。He insisted on doing that work
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在有些明确表示时间先后的动词和介词on; upon after代替完成动名词表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作先发生。I remember seeing him before. On arriving Beijing, he went to see his friend.
3.一般式分词
现在分词v+ing
3.1.1持续性动词
说明分词表示的动作和句中谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。He stood there speaking. Holding a book under his arm, he entered the room.
3.1.2终止性动词
说明分词表示的动作发生之后，句中谓语动词表示的动作立刻发生。Entering the room, I found nobody in.
Turning to the right, you will find the post office.
过去分词
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3.2.1通常说明分词表示的动作，此句中谓语动词表示的动作先发生。Written in simple English, the book is easy to read.
I can't find my lost pen.
3.2.2说明分词表示的动作和句中谓语动词表示的动作并无先后。He is a person well-known in this country.
3.2.3代替完成式现在分词的被动语态。Educated by the party, he became a brave fighter.
4.完成式不定式to+have done
说明行为动词在谓语动词表示的行为动词之前发生。I'm sorry to have troubled you.
He is said to have come here.
He is thought to have done it.
He is believed to have done it.
He seemed to have known it.
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在wish, hope, expect, intend, mean, suppose等动词过去时后，说明行为动词没有实现。We wished to have done this.
I expected to have left by then.
(=I had expected to heave by then.)
5.完成式动名词having+done
说明动名词表示的动作，此句中动词表示的动作先发生。We regret having told you the news. After having finished his work, he went home.
He denied having broke the glasses.
6.完成式分词having+done
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说明分词表示的动作，此句中谓语动词表示的动作先发生。多数表示一些瞬时间动词。如果是hear; see或表示位置转移的动词arrive; leave; turn; open.不用完成时Having finished his work, he went home.
Sitting down with him, we begun to discuss it.
Hearing this, he rose and went to the door.
二：非谓语动词用法对比
（一）不定式与动名词做主语：
1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为，不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。例如：
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Collecting information about children’s health is his job. 收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。
It’s necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。
2、常用不定式做主语的句型有：
It’s difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to do
It’s kind (good, friendly, polite, careless, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave) of sb. to do.
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3、常用动名词做主语的句型有：
It’s no good (use, fun) doing.
It’s (a) waste of time one’s doing.
It’s worth while doing.
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（二）不定式、动名词、分词做表语：
1、不定式做表语常表示谓语动词所表示动作之后发生的动作。
His teaching aim of this class is to train the students’ speaking ability.他这节课的教学目的是要训练学生说的能力。
2、动名词做表语是对主语内容的解释，这时主语与表语位置可以互换，动名词常用于口语中。
Its full-time job is laying eggs. 它的（指蚁后）的专职工作是产卵。
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3、现在分词做表语表示主语的性质与特征；进行时表示正在进行的动作。
The task of this class is practising the idioms. （现在分词做表语）
With the help of the teacher, the students are practising the idioms. （现在进行时）
4、常用作表语的现在分词有：interesting, amusing, disappointing, missing, puzzling, exciting, inspiring, following等。现在分词表示进行与主动。
The joke is amusing .这笑话很逗人。
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The problem is puzzling. 这个问题令人不解。
5、过去分词作表语表示主语所处的被动状态或完成某动作的状态。而被动语态表示主语所承受的动作。
The village is surrounded by high mountains.（过去分词做表语）
The enemy was surrounded by the Red Army.（被动语态）
He is well educated.（过去分词做表语）
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He has been educated in this college for three years.（被动语态）
常用在句中做表语的过去分词有：
used, closed, covered, interested, followed, satisfied, surrounded, done, lost, decided, prepared, saved, shut, won, completed, crowded, dressed, wasted, broken, married, unexpected等。
6、注意如下动词的现在分词与过去分词用法不同：
interest（使…感兴趣），surprise（使…吃惊），frighten（使…害怕），excite（使…兴奋），tire（使…疲劳），please（使…满意），puzzle（使…迷惑不解），satisfy（使…满意），amuse （使…娱乐），disappoint（使…失望），inspire（使…欢欣鼓舞），worry（使…忧虑）
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它们的现在分词常修饰物（有时修饰人），表示主动，过去分词常修饰人，表示被动（包括某人的look、voice等）。例如：
Climbing is tiring. 爬山很累人。
They are very tired. 他们很疲劳
After hearing the exciting news, he gave a speech in an excited voice.
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(三) 不定式与动名词做宾语：
1、下列动词跟不定式做宾语：
want, wish, hope, expect, ask, pretend, care, decide, happen, long, offer, refuse, fail, plan, prepare, order, cause, afford, beg, manage, agree, promise等。
2、在下列动词或动词短语后用动名词做宾语：
enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid, excuse, delay, imagine, keep, miss, appreciate, be busy, be worth, feel like, can’t stand, can’t help, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from), keep…from,
stop…(from), protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on等。
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3、在forget, remember, stop, regret, try, mean等动词后跟不定式与动名词意义不同，不定式表示谓语动词之后的动作，而动名词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，常用一般式doing代替完成式having done.
He forgot to tell me to post the letter.（他忘了叫我发信。）
I shall never forget finding that rare stamp on an ordinary envelope. 我永远也忘不了在一个普通信封上发现了那枚珍贵的邮票。
Remember to write to us when you get there. 到那里，记得给我们写信。
I don’t remember meeting him. 我不记得见过他。
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I regret to tell you that I can’t go to your birth-day party. 我很遗憾告诉你我不能去参加你的生日晚会了。
They regretted agreeing to the plan. 他们后悔同意这个计划。
He tried to pretend to share in the pleasure with his friend. 他尽力假装与朋友分享欢乐。
She tried reading a novel, but that couldn’t make her forget her s orrow. 她试着看看小说，但也不能使她忘记伤心事。
I didn’t mean to hurt you. 我没有企图伤害你。
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A friend indeed means helping others for nothing in return. 真正的朋友意指不图回报地帮助别人。
4、动名词作need, want, require, be worth的宾语时，用主动式代替被动式。
The washing-machine needs repairing.（或用：needs to be repaired）这台洗衣机需要修理。The point wants referring to. 这一点要提到。
This English novel is worth reading. 这本英文小说值得一读。
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The situation in Russian required studying. 俄国形式需要研究。
(四) 不定式与分词在句中做宾语补足语：
1、以下动词后跟不定式做宾语补足语：
ask, tell, beg, allow, want, like, hate, force, invite, persuade, advise, order, cause, encourage, wait for, call on, permit, forbid
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The doctor advised him to stay in bed for another few days. 医生嘱咐他再卧床休息几天。
We wish him to remain and accept the post. 我们希望他留下来接受这个职位。（注意hope
后不跟不定式做宾补。）
2、有些动词后的复合宾语用不带“to“的不定式，这些动词有：see, watch, notice, hear, feel, make, let, have等。例如：
We noticed him enter the house. 我们留意到他进了那所房子。
The boss made them work twelve hours a day. 老板让他们一天干12小时工作。
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注意当make、have不做“迫使、让”讲，而做“制造、有”解时，跟带有to的不定式做状语。Mother made a cake to celebrate his birthday. 妈妈做了一个蛋糕给他庆贺生日。
He had a meeting to attend. 他有个会要开。
3、下列动词后的复合宾语用分词做宾补：see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, make, set, have, leave, keep, find等。用现在分词还是用过去分词做宾补，要看分词与宾语的关系。例：
We heard him singing the song when we came in. 当我们进来的时候，听见他正唱那首歌。
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We have heard the song sung twice. 我们听过这首歌唱过两遍了。
(五) 非谓语动词做定语：
1、不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词后，表示在谓语动词之后发生的动作或过去的某一特定动作。例如：
He had no house to live in but a lot of work to do. 他没有房子住却有好多活要干。
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Our monitor is the first to arrive. 我们班长是第一个到的。
2、动名词与现在分词做定语的区别：
动名词做定语说明所修饰名词的用途；现在分词做定语，表示所修饰名词进行的动作。
a walking stick 拐杖（动名词做定语，意为a stick for walking）
a sleeping car 卧铺车厢（动名词做定语，意为a car for sleeping）
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the rising sun 正在升起的太阳（现在分词做定语，意为the sun which was rising）
the changing world 变化中的世界（现在分词做定语，意为the world which is changing）
3、现在分词与过去分词做定语的区别：过去分词做定语表示完成或被动的动作，现在分词做定语表示主动或进行的动作。如：
a piece of disappointing news 使人失望的消息（意同a piece of news which disappointed us）in the following years 在后来的几年中（意同in the years that followed）
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a well dressed woman 衣着讲究的女士（意同a woman who is dressed well）
a car parked at the gate 停在门口的小汽车（意同a car which was parked at the gate）
(六) 不定式与分词做状语：
1、不定式做状语，只表示目的、结果或原因：
He hurried home only to find his money stolen. 他匆忙赶到家中，发现钱被盗了。（结果状语）
To make himself heard, he raised his voice. 为了被听清楚，他提高了嗓门。（目的状语）
All of us are surprised to see his rapid progress. 看到他的进步，我们都很吃惊。(原因状语) 2、分词做状语可表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式：
Seen from the top of the hill, the town is beautiful. 从山上看，这座城市很美。（条件状语）
Coming into the room, he found his father angry. 当走进房间时，他发现父亲生气了。（时间状语）
Being tired, they went on working. 虽然累了，但他们继续工作。（让步状语）
Having been hit by the big boy on the nose, the little boy began to cry. 由于被大孩子打了鼻子，那个小男孩哭了。（原因状语）
He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased. 他把一个手指放进嘴里，尝了尝，笑了，看起来挺高兴。（伴随状语）
非謂语动词（一） 一、Done 被动性：过去分词的逻辑主语是分词动作的承受者（receiver）, 而不是发出者，两者构成被动语态或被动意义。 完成性：与句中另一个动作、另一个时间或句子产生的时间相比，分词的动作已经发生、完成。 句法功能 表语：许多动词通过+ed 变成形容词，其本质是过去分词用作形容词The boys were astonished. The door remained locked. They seemed worried. 定语：划出下列句子的定语部分 The broken glass is still lying on the table. The frightened girl was trembling when the police arrived. A grown boy is a boy who has physically and mentally grown up. He sent them his newly-invented devices. She was reading a novel written by Dickens. The people trapped in the big fire were rescued by the firefighters with a helicopter. The radio bought in your shop doesn't work well. 翻译： 他是被经理测试的人员当中最优秀的员工之一。 宾补 1、在感官/ 感知动词后：see, look at, observe, hear, listen to, think, find, imagine, feel, watch等。 We found him greatly changed. 2、在使役动词后：make, have, get, keep, leave等。 He made himself understood in spoken English. 3、在意愿动词后：like, need, want, wish等。 She came into the shop with a package saying: I needn’t it changed but re-wrapped. 翻译：我回到家，发现家里被偷了
第五章非谓语动词 【非谓语动词作状语】 一.不定式,分词作状语的基本原则 不定式,分词作状语时,不定式,分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致,即不定式,分词作状语时必须和句子的主语保持一致,即不定式,分词作状语时必须和句子主语含有逻辑上的主动或被动关系,否则一般不能使用不定式,分词作状语. 二.不定式作状语 1.不定式作目的状语 不定式作目的状语的情况比较多,如果强调目的性时,不定式前还可加in order或so as,构成"in order to do"或"so as to do"结构."in order to do"结构作目的状语时,可以放在句首也可放在句中;"so as to do"结构只能放在句中. Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year(so as/in order)to visit her. Bob took down my telephone number so as/in order not to forge t it. 2.不定式作结果状语 不定式作结果状语常用在下列句式中:so...as to;such...as to;...enough to;only to(常表示以外的或事与愿违的结果);too...to等. I'm not so stupid(a fool)as to write it down. Jane hurried back only to find that her mother had left. I'm too tired to stay up longer. 备注:在only too..to结构中,too...to...并非是"太....而不能..."之意.此时,与too..to..搭配的形容词常见的有pleased,ready,willing,glad,happy等. I'm only too glad to have passed the exam. 3.不定式作原因状语 形容词作表语时,后面可接不定式作原因状语,用以说明产生这种情绪的原因.用于这类结构中的形容词常见的有:happy,glad,sorry,anxious,proud,disappointed,angry,surprised,ready,delighted,pleased等. You will never know how happy I was to see her yesterday. 4.在"主语+系动词+表语(形容词)+to do"结构中,句子的主语与动词不定式有逻辑上的被动关系,且形容词表示主语的特征或性质,这时,需用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义.该结构中常用的形容词有:easy,hard,difficult,important,impossible,interesting,pleasant,nice,comfortable,safe,dangerous等. This question is easy to answer. This book is difficult to understand. 三.分词作状语 1.分词作状语时其形式的选择 2.分词作状语的句法功能 分词作状语时,可以表时间,原因,结果，条件,让步，行为方式,伴随状况等.为了强调,还可与 while,when,once,if,unless等连词连用. When offered help,one often says"Thank you"or "It's kind of you".(时间) Separated from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other
词谓语动非在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）. 不定式 一、不定式的作用 1、作主语不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。如： It took us two hours to finish the job. It is impossible for us to get there on time. It is very kind of you to help us. 注意：（1）其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。 （2）当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is …to…的句型。试比较： It is to negate my own idea to believe him.（错） To believe him is to negate my own idea .（对） （3）It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时，用of, 否则用for. 2、作宾语 （1）动词+不定式。如： He managed to escape from the fire. I find it hard to get along with him.（it 作形式宾语） 注：下列动词通常用不定式作宾语：want, try, hope, wish, need, forget, know, promise, refuse, help, decide, begin, start, learn, agree, choose, get等 不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。如：+“特殊疑问句+to , 疑问词+动词）2（．t know what to do next/ how to do it next. I don't decide when to go there. I can'注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。如：I find it necessary to learn a foreign
非谓语动词 非谓语动词的概念: 在句子中不能做谓语的动词形式叫做非谓语动词. 它不受人称和数的限制. 非谓语动词分为三种形式: 不定式：to do 动名词：v-ing 用做名词 分词（现在分词doing和过去分词V-ed）（高考） 考点一：不定式 1.不定式的基本形式是to＋动词原形，它具有动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语，但它没有人称与数的变化，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式和自己的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形（不定式符号to有时可以省略）；其否定形式为：not to+动词原形。如：My father asked me not to read in bed. ) 2.不定式的句法作用动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用，它可以作主语、宾语、宾补和状语。 (1)作主语 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末， It＋be＋形容词＋(for sb)＋动词不定式。 It's important (for us) to protect environment. 注: kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 It's very kind of you to help me. (2)作宾语 He wants to go out with her. 注:①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词表示命令、打算或希望，如：would like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect，pretend等。 ？
Would you like to see a film this evening ②当不定式作宾语时，通常还可以用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。 在find，think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。 I find it easy to read English every day. (3)作表语 句型：主语+ be + to do sth . 如：My group’s task is to find out the cost to go by train. （4）作目的状语 > 如：He opened the door for her to come in. 他打开门让她进来。 I get up early to catch the first bus.我早起为了赶上首班车。 (5)作宾语补足语 ①不能省略to： ask. tell . order . force. want. invite. expect . encourage . advise. teach . promise. warn. allow . remind . help. 如：Tina told her sister to turn down the TV.蒂娜让她姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。 My mother asks me not to read in the bed.我妈妈不让我在床上看书。
必备英语非谓语动词专项及解析 一、非谓语动词 1．The WWF is working hard _________ the animals in danger． A. save B. to save C. saves D. saved 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：世界自然基金会正努力工作来拯救处于危险中的动物。此处表示 目的，应该用动词不定式。故选B。 【点评】考查动词不定式。动词不定式表示目的。 2．— Please stay with me this weekend. —I'm sorry, but my father and I planned _________ Beijing a long time ago. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——这个周末请和我呆在一起吧。——我很抱歉，但是我父亲和 我很久前就计划去参观北京了。plan to do sth.，计划做某事，动词不定式作宾语，故选C。 【点评】此题考查动词不定式。注意固定短语plan to do sth. 3．To live a low-carbon life, we must remember ________ the lights when we leave the room. A. to turn off B. turning off C. not to turn off 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：要过低碳生活，我们必须记住离开房间时要关掉灯。remember （not）to do sth.忘记要做的事；remember doing sth.忘记已经做过的事。根据句末when we leave the room.可知关灯的动作还没有做，此处表示肯定含义，要用不定式的肯定式， 故选A。 【点评】考查动词remember的固定搭配。根据所表示的含义选择正确的搭配。 4．Most people enjoy other people games. A. watching; plays B. to watch; to play C. watching; playing D. watching; to play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:许多人喜欢看别人做游戏。喜欢做某事:enjoy doing sth后跟动名词 作宾语;看某人做某事:watch sb do sth（用省to的不定式表示看到了整个过程）;watch sb doing sth（用动名词表示看到了动作在发生）。人们喜欢看别人在做游戏而不一定是整个 过程，故选C。 5． Though he often made his little sister ______, today he was made ______ by his little sister. A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 【答案】 A
非谓语动词 非谓语动词（一）——动词不定式 动词不定式、分词(现在分词，过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用，因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语，也就不受人称和数的限定，因为不是谓语，也就没有时态和语态，但这些词仍能表示动作和状态，所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此也有表示主、被动的形式，同时也有自己的宾语和状语，一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语，分词短语，动名词短语)。动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用，所以叫做非谓语动词。 （一）动词不定式：动词不定式由―to+ 动词原形‖构成，如：to study, to play，动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：to study hard, to play table tennis。 2、动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，如： （1）作主语：To help each other is good.（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is good to help each other. （2）作表语：My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别，如：Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的谓语动词为is，动词不定式to set up… 为表语，主语为plan，但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。）We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语，主语为we，同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的）。 （3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语，如：She wishes to be a musician.；②作某些形容词的宾语：可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等，如：I am determined to give up smoking.；③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语，如：Can you give us some advice on what to do next? （4）作宾语补足语，如：Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等，作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去，如：I saw a little girl run across the street. （5）动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置，如：I don’t think it right to do it that way. （6）作定语：动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词，如：He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way，不定式后面的介词，习惯上可以省去，如：The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. （7）作状语：动词不定式可以作下列的状语：①目的状语：Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用，可在不定式前加in order to或so as to（以便或为了），但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可，而so as to不能位于句首，如：She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首，也可强调目的的作用，如：To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词+ 动词不定式，表示―足能…‖的结果，如：You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 3、复合结构不定式：由for + 名词（或代词宾格）+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for
非谓语动词讲解及练习 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．In response to the citizens’ concern, the government claimed ______ measures to attend to the increasingly serious smog in the past two months. A．taking B．to take C．having taken D．to have taken 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查固定结构。句意：为了回应市民的担忧，政府声称在过去的两个月里已经采取措施来应对日益严重的雾霾。claim to do声称，该用法是固定用法，“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”用现在完成时，故选D。 2．115．______ his love, Chris sent his mom a thank-you note on Mother’s Day. A．Expressing B．Expressed C．To express D．Having expressed 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：为了表达他的爱，克里斯在母亲节那天给他的妈妈寄了一条感谢信。用不定式表目的，故选C。 3．The airport ________ next year will help promote tourism in this area. A．being completed B．to be completed C．completed D．having been completed 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查非谓语动词。此处to be completed表将来、被动。句意：将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。 【名师点睛】这是考查非谓语动词做定语的用法，句中关键词next year说明动作是将要发生。而The airport和complete是被动关系，用不定式的被动做定语。 4．China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ its role in international affairs. A．recognizing B．being recognized C．to be recognized D．recognized 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。 5．More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _____ people’s
邑天下教育内部资料---百思课教育工场鉥心奉献 ——非谓语动词 ●重要知识要点突破 定义：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。分类：非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle） 一、动词不定式 不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。 1.不定式的时态及语态 时态主动被动意义例句语态 一般To do To be done与谓语动词同时 发生或以后发生I’m glad to see you.当逻辑主语是 这个不定式表 示的动作的承 受者时，须用 被动形式。如： He asked to be sent to work in Tibet. This book is said to have been translated into Spanish. 进行to be doing 表示谓语的动作 （情况）发生时， 不定式表示的动 作正在进行 He pretended to be reading a book when I came in 完成to have done to have been done 先于谓语动作发 生 We seem to have met each other before. 完成进行to have been doing 先于谓语动作发 生而又延续到谓 语动作发生后 He is said to have been studying abroad. 2.不定式的句法功能 1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.在十分钟内完成这项工作很难。2）作表语：Her job is _______________________________. 她的工作就是打扫大厅。
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up. 他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods, where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman, ) was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 关系副词：when, where, why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1. This is our school. It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2. This is our school. We study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3. Do you know the room? It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news. →I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose 实际上是先行词的所有格。 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that 2. The boy who broke the window is called Wangkai. the boy =who 3. The boy whose parents are working outside was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
【英语】高一英语非谓语动词解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解 析 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．（四川）Little Tom sat ________watching the monkey dancing in front of him. A．amaze B．amazing C．amazed D．to amaze 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查形容词作状语。句意：小汤姆坐在那里惊讶地看着猴子在他面前跳舞。amazed感到惊讶的，修饰人，此处作伴随状语，表状态。本题主要考查B、C之间的区别，选项B意为：令人吃惊的，常修饰物；而选项C意为：感到吃惊的，常修饰人。故选C。 2．I am so thrilled to have my underwater photos ______ in the National Geographic and on the cover! A．to be featured B．featured C．being featured D．to feature 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我很兴奋我的水下照片出现在《国家地理》杂志里和封面上。have sth done使某事被做，这是个固定用法。故选B。 3．The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ___________. A．recognizing B．being recognized C．having recognized D．having been recognized 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：本题考查动词的非谓语动词形式。句意：那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以，他去买东西不会被认出来。根据题中的介词without判断，此后应该使用动词的动名词形式，由于他是被人认出的，所以应该用动名词的被动式，所以选B。 考点：考查非谓语动词的用法 4．In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, ______ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel. A．making B．made C．make D．makes 【答案】A
人教版英语非谓语动词的用法大全及解析百度文库 一、非谓语动词 1．Young people are encouraged to work hard ____their own dreams. A. achieve B. achieves C. to achieve D. achieved 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：鼓励年轻人努力工作，实现自己的梦想。根据句意可知their own dreams是workhard的目的，常用动词不定式来表示目的，故选C。 【点评】考查动词不定式的基本用法——作目的状语。 2．Our teacher often advises us the habit of making notes while reading. A. to develop B. develop C. to developing D. developing 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的老师经常建议我们培养在阅读时做笔记的习惯。Advise sbto do sth建议某人做某事，所以选A。 3．—Julia, your mobile phone is ringing. —Wait a minute. It's dangerous ______ it while crossing the street. A. answering B. answer C. to answer 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：—-朱丽亚，你的手机响了。—等一下。过马路时接电话是危险的。It + be + adj. for （of） sb to do sth 某人做某事……，是固定句式，it是形式主语，不定式结构做真正主语。故选C。 【点评】考查动词不定式做主语的句式。熟记此句式，并能熟练运用。 4． Whenever we kids come over, Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ________ sure we don't break anything. A. make B. made C. to make D. making 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：无论什么时候我们这些孩子们来到这里，Susan姨妈只是站在那里，看着我们以确保我们不打破什么东西。此处是目的状语，故用动词不定式to make。watch sb do/doing sth看着某人做了/正在做某事，但是make sure的意思是“保证；确保”，在本句中不符合逻辑，故排除AD；watch sth done看着某事被做，也不符合句意，故选
中考英语非谓语动词专项讲解与训练 非谓语动词一 (动词不定式） 1. 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not。如： My mother decided not to have a trip to Yunnan with me. 我妈妈决定不和我去云南旅游了。 2.不定式可以和疑问词who, which, what, how, where，when连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。如： Could you tell me how to operate this machine? 你能告诉我怎样操作这台机器吗？ 3.动词不定式的句型或结构考查 ① It＋be＋adj.＋of＋sb.＋to do sth.意为“某人能做某事真是太……了”。
此句型中的形容词通常是表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如：good，kind，nice，wise，clever，foolish，right，wrong，careful，careless等。如： It's very wise of you to do it ahead of time. 你提前做了那件事真是太明智了。 .② It＋be＋adj.＋for＋sb.＋to do sth.意为“对……来说做某事真是太……了”。 这些形容词通常是表示客观情况的形容词。如：easy，hard，difficult，important，necessary，impossible，interesting等。如： It's necessary for us to take a map when traveling. 对我们来说，旅行的时候带一张地图是有必要的。 ③ too...to do结构, in order to do 结构enough to do结构 too...to结构意为“太……而不能”，enough to结构意为“足够……以至于能……”。如： The water is too hot to drink. 水太烫了不能喝。In order to do 为了-- .④主语＋think/find/feel/ believe/consider等＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.＋其他，意为“某人认为/发现做某事……”。如： I think it easy to finish the paper in three hours. 我认为三个小时完成这篇文章是很简单的 非谓语动词二 (动名词） ① 有些动词或词组后常跟动名词作宾语，常见的有： finish(完成)，practice(实践)，worth(值得)，be busy doing （忙于），keep(继续)，be used to(习惯于)，give up(放弃)，consider(考虑)，can't help(忍不住；情不自禁), feel like(想要), miss(错过)，imagine(想象)，mind(介意)，avoid(避免)，enjoy(喜欢；享受)，have fun(玩得开心)，look forward to(期待)suggest (建议） 巧思妙记 完成实践值得忙；
高中非谓语动词练习题及答案详解 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library A．to borrow B．borrowed C．to be borrowed D．borrowing 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知，这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps，因为maps和borrow是被动关系吗，所以用过去分词做定语，故选B。 2．Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house. A．lead B．leading C．led D．to lead 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知，这是个there be 句型，因此，此处用非谓语动词，path与lead是主动关系，因此用现在分词，故选B。 3．I’m afraid that I can’t attend Tom’s wedding party ______ next weekend. A．to be held B．being held C．held D．is to be held 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查非谓语动词作定语。句子中已经有了谓语can't attend，故此处应填非谓语动词，首先排除D。hold与party构成被动关系，但ABC答案均表被动。因此再根据时间状语next weekend可确定填不定式表将来，故选A。考查非谓语动词作定语时，要注意看与所修饰名词之间的关系，判断是主动还是被动。同时还要注意从时间上判定，不定式作定语表将来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。 考点：考查非谓语动词作定语。 4． He is thought ___foolishly .Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A．to act B． to have acted C． acting D．having acted 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句型“有人认为..已....”可用It is thought/ believed/ ...that sb have/has done...结
非谓语动词复习 非谓语动词: a.动词不定式to do b.现在分词/ 动名词doing c.过去分词done 概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 (有一个特殊情况：过去分词不具备名词性，所以补充当主语或宾语。）非谓语动词使用条件：一个简单句中有且只有一个谓语动词 一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词, 又没有连词的情况下, 应使用非谓语动词。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 所有的非谓语动词的否定都是在其前面加NOT 动词不定式 一．动词不定式的变体 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不 例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time. 例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room. 例如：The work is to be done soon. 例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.
二. 动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 To see is to believe．Not to get there in time is your fault. 注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 It is a great enjoyment to spend our holiday in the mountains. 句型3：It is + adj + for sb to do sth（是形容事物的性质的）It is + adj + of sb to do sth（是形容人的品质的） It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that. II.作宾语 接不定式做宾语I want to know this matter. (1)常见动词有：like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, forget, want, prepare, pretend, refuse, plan, afford, wish等 (2)it作形式宾语 I find/feel to work with him interesting ．I find/feel it interesting to work with him． 3. I feel it my duty to change all that. 2.We think it important to obey the law. 下列词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词： stop to do 停下来去做stop doing 停止做
复习专题非谓语动词专项讲解及练习 一、非谓语动词 1．—What should I do, doctor? —_____ healthy, you should do more exercise. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. To be kept 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——我应该做什么，医生？——为了保持健康，你应该多锻炼。keep healthy，保持健康，固定搭配，排除D。多锻炼的目的是保持健康，所以用to do不定式表目的，故选C。 【点评】考查to do不定式表目的，注意平时识记其用法，理解句意。 2．—What does the sign mean? —It tells us ____________ in public. A. didn't smoke B. don't smoke C. not to smoke D. not smoke 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——这个标志是什么意思——它告诉我们在公众场所不要吸烟。根据短语tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”，故此处为动词不定式not to smoke。故选C。 【点评】考查固定搭配tell sb not to do sth。 3．Most people enjoy other people games. A. watching; plays B. to watch; to play C. watching; playing D. watching; to play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:许多人喜欢看别人做游戏。喜欢做某事:enjoy doing sth后跟动名词作宾语;看某人做某事:watch sb do sth（用省to的不定式表示看到了整个过程）;watch sb doing sth（用动名词表示看到了动作在发生）。人们喜欢看别人在做游戏而不一定是整个过程，故选C。 4．It is wise ______Linda to make up her mind _______to play an instrument. A. for; learning B. for; to learn C. of; learning D. of; to learn 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：琳达下决心学弹乐器是明智的。由句子结构可知，不定式作真正的主语，放在句末，用it作形式主语。要用固定句型：It's + adj +for/of sb to do sth.前面的形容词来描述不定式时，要用介词for；形容词说明人时，要用介词of。这里的形容词wise是形容人的性格特征的，要用It's + adj +of sb to do sth.，故选D。 【点评】考查固定句型It's + adj +for/of sb to do sth.的用法区别。根据形容词的属性，选择正确的介词。 5．Young people are encouraged to work hard ____their own dreams.