现代大学英语精读课后习题答案

Unit OneKey to ExerciseVocabulary4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets1. differ2. differently, different3. difference4. serious, serious, seriously5. seriousness, seriously polluted6. Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution, seriously, pollute4 Translate the following sentences using words and expressions taken from the text.1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。

They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company.2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。

Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring abou t the peaceful unification of our country on our own.3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。

It is wrong to put emphasis on nothing but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems.4. 他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲避他。

Unit OneKey to ExerciseVocabulary4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets1. differ2. differently, different3. difference4. serious, serious, seriously5. seriousness, seriously polluted6. Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution, seriously, pollute4 Translate the following sentences using words and expressions taken from the text.1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。

They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company.2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。

Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring abou t the peaceful unification of our country on our own.3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。

It is wrong to put emphasis on nothing but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems.4. 他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲避他。

现代大学英语精读二unit4详细答案（杨立民版）Unit 4Preview1. Listen to the recording of the text and then fill in the blanksin thefollowing sentences.1) an air crash; Washington; 19822) terrible crash; jet plane; Washington National Airport; bridge; Potomac;sank; in icy-cold water; four; survive3) great damage and loss of life; special; tears; helicopter team;to pick upsurvivors; “the man in the water”4) courage and noble character; nature; to the occasion5) pride; the moral power2. Read the text for better comprehension and answer the questions. 1) The unusual element is the bridge, because normally, air crashes do not involve a bridge. Note: The word “element” here means factor or a basic part of sth complicated..2) City of form and rules means a city that is shapely or beautiful and orderly, but it suddenly turned into its opposite and became chaotic, turned into a state of complete disorder and confusion.A blast of real winter: Blast means a sudden strong movement of wind or air. The two metals here refer to the bridge and the plane, both of which are made of metal. 3) From the point of view of artistic beauty, there was also a clash, because the plane was blue and green, the river was black, and the chunks of ice were grey. Perhaps people did not see failure in it at all. They only saw the triumph of human nature over the elements.5) Here the human nature and natural powers are in conflict.6)“Rise to the occasion”: Deal successfully with a problem or situation that is especially difficult. “Groping and struggling”refers to the fact that normally it ishuman instinct to grope for something to hang on to and struggle for life. 7) The sentence means “Three out of the four acknowledged heroes…, are able to account for their behavior.”“Account for”: give a satisfactory explanation8) “in the line of duty”: while working; while on duty9) Skutnic added that somebody had to go in the water saying what every hero would say under the circumstances, but although the sentiment has been repeated by many heroes, it is still admirable.10) It means the main reason for the emotional impact or the person who caused the greatest emotional impact.11) “mass casualty”: a great number of people injured and killedin an accident or battle. The word “mass” here is an adjective, meaning affecting a lot of people. Alsomass murder; mass killings; mass destruction; mass hysteria; mass protest; mass movement.“commitment”: a sense of duty and responsibility and a determination to work hard at it.12) As his name remained unknown, it made him a sort of symbol, a symbol of what human beings can do when they are at their best.13) “listening to …” is a participle phrase used as an adverbial of manner, modifying the predicate of the main clause “sitting”;“tell …” and “saying ..” are both part of the complex object of “listening to”; and “to fasten …” is part of the complex object of “tell”.14) in the essential, classic circumstance: in the most basic and typical circumstance 15) the age-old battle between humans and nature16) go at each other: fight each other violentlyact on distinctions: act according to the distinction between good and evil; act according to moral principles17) It means that when the man in the water gave a lifeline to the people gasping for survival, in the same way he seemed to be also saving the lives of those who watched him, making them understand life’s true meaning.18) “hold it to a standoff”: make nature unable to win the battle immediately 迫使自然接受在和人的斗争中的僵持局面，使它不能马上得逞。

Unit 4 Wisdom of Bear WoodII Vocabulary1. Translate1) into English.(1) to explore the secrets of nature (2) to endure pain and suffering(3) to earn everyone's admiration (4) to suspect a dirty plot (5) to introduce this sheep (6) to surround the enemy (7) to demand an open apology (8) to extend her hand(9) to roam the fields (10) to dangle his feet (11) to catch one's breath (12) to give permission (13) to abandon hope (14) to accumulate experience (15) to form a strong team (16) to possess property (17) to design a new model (18) to collect facts2) into Chinese.(1)一次有收获的经历(2)看起来似乎不同(3)零星的东西(4)古老的城堡(5)铁丝网篱笆(6)石雕的人或动物像(7)人间天堂(8)制成标本的鸟(9)密集的月桂树丛(10)铺着柔软地毯的地板(11)一种珍稀动物(12)潜在的购买者(13)晒干了的树叶(14)样子很熟悉的房子(15)笨拙的动作(16)退休工人(17)面上有玻璃的书架(18)高倍望远镜2. Give synonyms and antonyms of the following.1) Give synonyms.(1) to wander (2) to give up(3) great, large, massive, huge (4) heavenly, sacred(5) heaven (6) to look at(7) to continue (8) dear(9) lasting (10) attractive, admirable(11) silently (12) to watch(13) weak (14) to alarm, to give a start(15) to gather (16) to teach(17) to own (18) to surprise, to astonish(19) sadly thoughtful (20) alert, watchful, cautious2) Give antonyms.(1) minor (2) unhappy, displeased (3) thin(4) hell (5) public (6) introduced(7) invisible (8) unseen (9) harmful(10) colorless (11) center (12) great3. Translate.1) There are still hundreds of millions of people in the world today who earn less than a dollar a day.2) So many people get stomach cancer. I suspect that the water we drink may be seriously polluted.3) We have earned strong support of the government to make smoking illegal in public places.4) He has earned the great admiration of the people as an honest government official.5) Old people in China today are not inclined to live with their children.6) I am inclined to look at things from the bright side.7) The smugglers seem to know all our actions. I suspect that someone among us is passing secret information to them.8) She says that she just doesn't feel inclined to work today.9) We could not identify the body because it was too badly burnt.10) These people roam from place to place without regular jobs and without social identity. More and more people now regard it as unfair.11) I still regard it as important for our young people to care about their national identity.12) With regard to flood control, I am still inclined to think that to plant more trees is more important than anything else.4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.1) B 2) D 3) A 4) A 5) D 6) D 7) B/C 8) C5. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate expression below.1) wrench myself away from it 2) care to 3) keeping to herself 4) Thanks to, as it were 5) odds and ends 6) went by, at ease 7) with a will 8) filled up 9) at ease10) brim over 11) bursting with 12) verges on13) slipped through 14) verges against 15) warned against, as it were6. Choose the right word in the given context.1) (1) crawl (2) climbed (3) crept (4) creep/crawl2) (1) tone (2) tune (3) tune (4) tone3) (1) extend (2) expand (3) extended (4) expand4) (1) doubt (2) suspect (3) doubted (4) suspect5) (1) lonely (2) alone (3) alone, lonely (4) alone7. Translate with special attention to the different meanings of the same word or word which happen to have the same spelling.1)讨厌鬼就是那种你希望他听的时候他却偏要说的人?2)你要是三分钟之内还打不出油，就别再钻了。

Key to the Exercises 3.15) out of sight16) in this instance17) to think well/ill of sb18) to confront sb with sth19) to lag behind20) to confer sth on sb21) for my money22) to be too much for sb23) to make for24) to set out to do sth25) few and far between26) to aspire to27) at the best of times28) all over again29) to do away with30) to stand to lose4.Increase your vacabulary with the help of the rules of word-building 1) Find the most useful derivativesof the following.satisfy: satisfied, satisfying, satisfactory, satisfaction, unsatisfied, dissatisfiedresist: resistance, resistant, irresistiblejust: unjust, justice, injustice, justify, justified, justification, justifiable cohere: coherent, coherence, incoherent, incoherencecenter ( v): center (n. ), central, centralize, centralization,decentralize, decentralizationvisit: visitor, visitation, revisit (The following words are also related to visit: visible,invisible, visibility, vision, visual, television, supervise)integrate: integration, integrated, integral, disintegrate, disintegration, integrityMore Work on theTextVocabulary1.1) into Chinese.1) into Chinese.(1)浴巾(2) (美)小学(3)永恒的真理(4)文件柜(5)纯属无稽之谈(6)违规行为(7)常客(8)新鲜空气(9)格调很高的独自(一个人唱高调)(10)一种固定的观点(11)时事(当前国内外大事)(12)身体障碍(13)可怕吓人的风(14)令人厌恶的景象(15)言语障碍(16)使人兴奋冲动的爱国激情(17)无情的人侵者(18)首相(19)国际联盟(国联)(20)思维过程(思想方式)(21)条理清楚的文章(22)一个完整的体系(23)一位口译好手(24)一种不可阻挡的趋向(25)烂苹果(26)根据事实(启示〉写成的(27)一位点头之交2) into English.(1) to sink one's head(2) to sink the ship(3) to contemplate the meaning of life(4) to catch the light(5) to ruin one's health(6) to ruin the country(7) to bang the desk(8) to playa prominent role(9) to hold a prominent position(10) a pious Buddhist(11) to gain a reputation(12) to satisfy one's ego(13) to give sb the third degree(14) to devise a teaching method(15) to slide a gun into sb's hand2.1) Synonyms.(1) to spring (to jump, to leap)(2) lest (for fear that)(3) utterly (completely)(4) to symbolize (to represent)(5) to sink one's head (to lower ... )(6) to contemplate (to think/ponder)(7) spectacles (glasses)(8) impediment (barrier, obstacle)(9) to collapse (to fall/to tumble down)(10) to ruin (to destroy)(11) to vanish (to disappear)(12) oddly (strangely)(13) to aspire to (to desire/to aim for)(14) to do away with (to eliminate)(15) to stop/give up (smoking) (to quit)(16) deficiency (weakness, fault, shortcoming)(17) folly (stupidity)2) Antonyms.(1) coherent (incoherent)(2) mental (physical)(3) disinterested (interested)(4) hideous (pleasant)(5) settled (unsettled)(6) frequent (infrequent)(7) integration (disintegration)(8) proficient (incompetent)(9) to destroy (to create)(10) to surpass (to lag behind)(11) remorseless (remorseful)(12) to vanish (to appear)(13) accustomed (unaccustomed)(14) irreverent (reverent)(15) few and far between (many, innumerable, countless, numerous) (6) loyalty (disloyalty)(17) contented (discontented)(18) pre-war (post-war)(19) prominent (unimportant)3. Translate1) I knew I could expect my brother to stand by me whatever happened.2) As a general rule, young people tend to be more interested in the present and the future.3) Both sides will stand to lose if they do not compromise.4) It is our hope to integrate all the courses and teaching materials.5) The Chinese written language has been a major factor for integrating our nation.6) In traditional Chinese art, thebamboo stands for moral integrity and uprightness.7) The great majority of the people stand for reform.8) Queen Elizabeth the First ruled England for 45 years, and the country prospered under her rule.9) The truth is always in the hands of a small minority at first. That's the rule.10) Democracy means that the majority rules, but the minority's right to disagree is also respected. These two basic rules are of equal importance.11) A nation cannot be strong unless it is well-integrated economically, politically and culturally as well as geographically.13) The party was boring, so she slipped out of the room and went home.14) The road was muddy. He slipped and fell into the river. 15) One day I was drowning my sorrows in a restaurant because I was broke when he came and slipped a roll of money into my hand.16) The Court of Florida ruled that it was necessary to recount the votes.17) The idea that the sun moves round the earth ruled ancient scholars for more than a thousand years.18) The hutongs are an integral part of old Beijing.19) Days slipped by and I still had not made much progress.20) He weighed every word carefully lest he should make a mistake.21) Her health was such that she would not go out in the sun even in winter lest she got sunstroke. 4.1)c.2) A.3) D.4) A.5) B.6) B.7) C.8) B.9) A.10) C.11)D12) A.13) A.14) B.5.1) (1) sexy (2) sexual (3) sexy (4) sexist (5) sexual2) (1) uninterested (2) disinterested(3) disinterested (4) disinterested, uninterested3) (1) Literary (2) literally (3) literate(4) literal (5) literary4) (1) bulging (2) sticking out of (3) bulging (4) bulging (5) sticking out of ( 6) protruding, protruding5) (1) slid (2) slip (3) slipped (4) sliding (5) slip6) (1) prestige (2) reputation (3) reputation (4) prestige61) decisive2) sang beautifully3) robust4) soft5) democratic6) eloquent7) have lost his appetite.8) The slice of meat was so thickthat it was quite (transparent). 9) His room was surprisingly cleanand tidy. It was almost as cleanas (pigsty).10) Many people are just as originalas (parrots).7(1) their(2) even(3) reason(4) disagree(5) to express(6) thinking(7) for(8) dealing with(9) Staying(10) hungry(11) gains(12) born of(13) can(14) superficial(15) whenIII Grammar11) Point out the parallel construction and its grammatical form in each of these sentences.(1) not by thought; by an invisible and irresistible spring in his neck-twoprepositional phrases (contrast)(2) unconscious prejudice; 19norance; hypocrisy-three noun phrases (listing) (3) as proficient as most businessmen's golf; as honest as most politicians' intentions; as coherent as most books that get written-three comparative adjective phrases (listing)(4) all shouting the same thing; all warming their hands at the fire of their own prejudicestwo absolute constructions (listing)(5) watching the crowds cheering His Majesty the King; asking myself what all the fuss was about-two present participle phrases (as object complements, listing)(6) prejudices are called loyalties; pointless actions are turned into customs by repetition- two clauses(listing)(7) three coordinate clauses (listing)(8) to appreciate little that which we have; to long for that which we have not-two infinitive phrases as subject (contrast)(9) to be; not to be-two infinitive phrases as subject (choice)(10) give me liberty; give me death-two imperative clauses (choice)(11) is written without effort; is read without pleasure-two passive verb phrases (contrast)(12) you can fool all of the people some of the time and some of the people all of the time; you can't fool all of the people all of the time-two coordinate clauses connected by "but" (series plus contrast)The first clause itself contains two parallel constructions-all of the people some time; some of the people all of the time-connected by "and" (choice) 2) Study and point out the function of the italicized part of these sentences.(1) adjective phrase as subject complement(2) deaf: adjective forming a complement to "someone" with "born"bitterly determined to find out about sound: adjective phrase as complement to "someone"(3) adjective phrase as subject complement(4) adjective phrase as attributive modifying "good life" (an adjectivephrase modifying a noun should be placed after the noun)(5) adjective phrase as subject complement21) Thomas Edison says that genius is one percent inspiration andninety-nine percent perspiration. 2) Suzhou is known for its canals, gardens and tree-lined streets.3) The morning was dark, cold with a little snow in the air.4) The unemployed man wanted a job rather than welfare.Or: The unemployed man wanted to find a job rather than to apply for welfare.5) Crawling down a mountain issometimes harder than climbing up.6) The essay is difficult to understand not because there are a lot of technical terms but because there are quite a few involved sentences. Or: The essay is difficult to understand not because of the technical terms 10 it but because of the involved sentences.7) For further information, you can either consult an encyclopaedia or surf the Internet.8) Not only China but also the rest of the world will benefit from her WTO entry. It is a win-win event.Or: As a win-win event, China's WTO entry will be of benefit to both China and the rest of the world.9) The job of the university is not only making specialists of itsstudents but also helping them become civilized citizens.Or: The job of the university is both to make specialists of its students and to help them become civilized citizens.10) Going to classes, doing his homework and reading occupy most of his waking hours at college.31) 20 years later he returned as poor as when he had left.2) He arrived home from acoast-to-coast journey a bag of bones.3) The girl stared at her parents, puzzled, troubled and annoyed.4) The proposal was dismissed asimpractical and unfeasible.5) Just some twenty feet away, crouched the wolf, ready to jump on the boy at any moment.6) The audience sat open-mouthed, watching the conjurers performing all sorts of tricks.7) The detective was lying awake in bed, thinking how they could capture the wanted man alive.8) The talk show host was pleased that he had passed through the crowd unrecognized.9) Sincere, compassionate, forgiving, Linda is the soul of the true, the good and the beautiful.10) Diogenes was lying in the sunshine, shoeless, bearded, and half-naked, but contented and happy.41) You can force a student to attend classes, but you cannot force him to think.Or: You can force a student to attend classes, but not to think.2) The study of literature can help you to understand not only other people but also yourself.3) You can improve your writing by reading good models and by practicing writing.4) In the Middle Ages, people believed that the eatth was flat and that it was the center of the universe.5) I can afford neither the time nor the money to play golf with those big cheeses.6) Xiao Jin could not decide whether to apply for graduate studies right after college or to get a job first. 7) Love cures people-both those who give it and those who receive it.8) Excellent firms don't believe in perfection, only in constant improvement and constant change.9) Many things cannot be learned in the classroom, such as planning one's time, working on one's own and managing one's own affairs. 10) In the past ten years people, especially old people, have been concerned more about their health than about their income.51) looks, being complimented, will say, has come, felt, was, was always looking for, to hurt, was called, believed, heard, would come, take, replace, might/would happen, to make, would/might get, to fool, would say.2) became, should be removed, (I) 've learned, wouldn't really want, is, provides, isn't, dies, crashes, will lay, have been lying, find, rotting, sprout, goes on.61) C.2) D.3) B.4) D.5) A.6) C.7) B.8) A.9) C.10) B. 1l)C.12) D.13) A.14) B.15) D.16) A.Translate 1) into Chinese (1) 专业的历史工作者 (2) 基于常识的反应 (3) 事物的这种状况 (4) 意见不一的历史学家 (5) 已经准备好了的现成的东西 (6) 一个个人喜好不同的问题 (7) 截然不同的观点 (8) 民间故事 (9) 书面文件 (10) 过去的遗留物 (11) 人的动机和行为 (12) 复杂和精细 (13) 商船 (14) 一旦发生潜艇战 (15) 一个粗糙的理论 (16) 好战的行为；战争行为 (17) 宣传机器 (18) 德国外交部长 (19) 实力平衡 (20) （事物的）因果 (21) 海岸炮兵 (22) 终极关怀 (23) （事物的）近因 (24) 人们常说的一句话 (25) 不会出错的解释 (26) 绝对有效的模式 (27) 永不停止的探索 (28) 一个难以达到但又十分诱人的目标 1. Give synonyms and antonyms of the following. 1) synonyms(1) elusive : puzzling, baffling(2) intriguing: fascinating(3) evident: clear, plain, obvious, noticeable(4) ultimate: final, last(5) to revise: to correct, to change, to alter, to modify, to rewrite(6) to probe: to dig into, to investigate, to look into(7) belligerent: warlike, warring, aggressive, hostile(8) in addition to: besides, apart from, plus2）into English (1) to gain new insights (2) to revise one ’s ideas (3) to trace the cause (4) to begin from this premise (5) to open fire on/at (6) to give equal weight to sth (7) to support a certain view (8) to influence the government (9) to destroy the balance of power (10) to form an alliance (11) to repay the loans (12) to contemplate war (13) to fill in the gaps (14) to conclude the quest (15) to view sth from a certain perspective (16) to benefit from the comparison (17) to eliminate from the comparison (18) to dig into the problem (19) to be immersed in a vast sea (20) to stem from a different point of view (21) to be destined to do sth (22) to ignore the fact (23) to make an assumption (24) to defeat the enemy (25) to win back one ’s lost territory (26) to sink a boat (27) to intercept the secret message (28) to piece together evidence (29) to approximate the truth (30) to master new techniques(9)in the event of: in the case of, should sth occur(10)nonetheless: nevertheless, in spite of that, just the same(11)to conclude ( the quest) : to end (the search / probing)(12)to denote: to refer to(13)persuasively: convincingly(14)more or less: on the whole, generally speaking(15)moreover: in addition, besides, apart from that, what’s more(16)by way of: through2)antonyms(1)to be faulted: to be praised(2)exhilarating: depressing(3)unquestioned: doubtful(4)validity: unsoundness, weakness(5)premise: conclusion(6)motivation: effect(7)proportionate: disproportionate(8)pro-British: anti-British(9)to take into account: to ignore(10)crude (theory): a well-developed (theory), a sophisticated (theory)(11)confused: clear, clear-minded(12)professional: non-professional, amateurish2.Replace the words in bold type with words and phrases you know that convey more or less thesame meaning.1)simple/primitive; told; thick2)pondering/thinking about; future/fate; insignificant3)completely/entirely; different/opposite4)consider/regard; look at; angles/points of view5)knows very well; growing/increasing; complaints6)besides/apart from; easy; in the case of/if there is7)purposely paid no attention to8)generally/on the whole; however/but; come from/originate from9)absolutely reliable; wipe out/get rid of; bound to3.Translate1)The cause of the aircraft crash is so far unknown.2)The cause of global warming is still hotly debated among scientists.3)He devoted all his life to the cause of environmental protection.4)The river has caused us a lot of trouble in history.5)What do you think caused the upsurge in international terrorism?6)We must try and unite with those who have opposed us.7)There is always opposition to any progress and reform.8)Some people are always opposed to new things.9) A lot of those loans were never repaid. That high ratio of bad debts finally led to thefinancial crisis in this second economic power in the world.10)The Business Bank now offers a special loan to students who can’t pay for theireducation.11)The boy asked Mrs. Stow for the loan of her binoculars.12)She concluded her speech by saying that she hoped she could come again some day andsee more of the country.13)As soon as they concluded the investigation, they were to report to the Security Council.14)During his visit, he will conclude a new trade agreement with India.15)Based on those reasonable doubts, the jury had to conclude that the boy was not guilty.16)She is flying to New York by way of Tokyo.17)I’d like to say a few words about the situation in the sixties of the last century by way ofan introduction to the movie.18)They decided to recall their ambassador by way of protest.4.Put the most appropriate words in the blanks.1)while/although; to2)over/about; with3)to; in4)led to/resulted in/caused5)with; lends/gives/brings6)from; in7)as to; of8)in the even of; survive9)to; to; study10)out; in11)in; weight/priority12)denote; of13)immersed/buried; more or less14)rather; the more15)at; stems from/comes from/originates from/results from16)base; filled inKey to Exercise of Unit FourP.107 ex.39. to put back one’s head10.to put down a drink11. in case12.to squint at sth. Out of the corner of one’s eye13. to stand next to sth.14. to be lost in the contemplation of sth.15. to feel like sth.16. with---and all17. round the corner18.by this/that time19. to start off20. to walk abreast21. to be at one’s ease22. to weave sb. In23. to save sb. From24. to talk one’s heart to sb.25. not for all the money in the world26.to knock sb. Down27. to say sth. In a strained voice28.to get beyond sb.29. for God’s sake30. to do sth. By accidentP.108.5 March the words or expressions inthe two columns that have similar meanings.A. 1=B. 4 A. 2=B. 6A. 3=B. 8 A. 4 =B. 10 A.A. 5=B. 12 A. 6=B. 11A.7=B. 15 A. 8=B.17A.9=B. 16 A.10 =B. 1A.11=B. 3 A.12=B. 7A.13=B. 18 A.14=B. 20A.15=B. 5 A. 16=B. 14A.17.=B. 9 A.18=B. 2A.19=B. 13 A.20 =B. 196. Give the equivalent of the following in British English.1. lift2.flat3. lorry4. autumn5.trousers6. term7. film8. cinema9. motorbike 10. sweet 11. cock 12. toilet 13. pavement 14. clever 15. cheque 16. boot 17. railway 18. undergroundP.113 More Work on the Test1.T ranslate1.)Into Chinese1.难以解决的问题2.一本难以看懂的书3.一个爱交际的女人4.黑市5.黑色幽默6.害群之马7.黑人权利8.缺少表达能力的人9.全国性运动10.赞扬或恭维的话11.调皮的男孩12.某些大人物们13.种族隔离的学校14.他的无可争议的权威15.一个地位很高的人士16.公海17.上流社会18.机密消息19.冷淡而缺少人情味的门20.冷淡的公文式的信21.真诚的羡慕22.不自然的，紧张的说话的声音2）Into English1. to celebrate the Golden Jubilee2. to excite admiration3. to touch the conscience4. to win the prize5. to receive the reprimand6. to omit the words7. to renounce the prizes8. to avert a crisis9. to attend the ceremony10. to exhibit a works of art11. to indulge the pleasures12. to guard a child13. to feel up to it14. to bring sth. to a close15. to weave sb. in16. to save sb. from a situation17. to talk out one’s heart to sb.18. to knock sb. down19. to pour sb. a drink20. to raise (lift ) one’s glass二．Translate1.Import of the country’s beef wassuspended because of the mad cowscare.2.During the war, they had to suspendthe construction of the railway.2.it was a serious offence to take drugs, Robert was suspended from school for two weeks.3.She was reading in a hammock suspended from two tree branches.4.T he sales suspension has brought us heavy losses.5.T his is perhaps the longest suspension bridge in Asia.6.T he author is very good at creating suspense.7.H e used to watch wit great envy children of wealthy people go to school.8.I rather envy their school for its beautiful campus.9.S he averted her face so that people wouldnot see her blush.10.He has always had an aversion to publicity.11.The government’s policy succeeded in averting a serious economic recession. 12.Michael Jordan is the envy of many black kids.13.Every summer, hundreds of thousands of people are sent to guard the riverbanks against floods.14.it was not easy to get the golden apple, for it was guarded by a furious giant. 15.Xicheng was practically unguarded so Zhuge Liang narrowly escaped being captured.16.The prisoners of war killed the guards and escaped into the woods.17.He is probably the greatest guard in the history of basketball.18.They took Americans off guard by launching a sudden attack on a Sunday. 19.There were two armed soldiersstanding guard at the bridge.20.Napoleon exhibited his military talent early in life.21.These exhibits are all insured and carefully guarded.22.When the exhibition is over, the exhibit will be given to the host country as gifts.23.She is going to exhibit some of her most recent sculptures at the National Art Gallery.四．Put the most appropriate words in the blanks.1. C2. A3. B4. A5. D6. B7. C 8. D 9. A五．Study the difference between the following pairs or groups of words1. 1) renounce 2) announce3) renounce 4)denounce2. 1) avoid , prevent 2) prevent3. 1) divided 2) segregated3)divided 4)separated4. 1) personage 2) person3) personality 4)person5. 1)complementary 2) complimentary 3) complimentary 4) compliment6. 1) secret 2) confidential3) secret 4) confidential, secret七．Choose the best word or phrase for each blank from the four supplied in brackets.1.sensible2. larger3. Unfortunately4. original5. receipt6. rejoin7. viciously 8. demanded 9. marched 10. assumed 11. cases 12. get away 13. protest 14. had spoken to15. couldn’t really have comfortedMore Work on the Text二．Complete the following sentences with the right form of theverb in the brackets.1.is2. are3. was4. frightens5. are6. is7. were all8. was9. knows10. are 11. are, am 12. is13. was 14. has 15. is, is三．Rewrite the sentences using the pattern shown in the example.1.It is now believed that foreign languageare most easily learnt by children under14.2.It is reported that the negotiationsbetween the two countries had made headway.3.It has been confirmed that a majorbreakthrough has been achieved in cancer research.4.It is strongly recommended that fishingin the lake be strictly forbidden during the spring season.5.It is agreed among the rival companiesthat joint efforts should be made toprevent the price of color TV from going through the floor.6.It shouldn’t be assumed that all ourproblems will be resolved overnight.7.It is generally assumed that depressionaffects a person’s health in many ways. 8.It was announced yesterday that a newtax law would be imposed beginning next year.9.In ancient times, it was believed that theheart , not the brain, was the center of thought.10.It is predicted (in a medical report) thenumber of AIDS victims in Asia will increase sharply in the next decade.四．Translate the sentences into English1.It’s widely rumored that Linda’s beingpromoted.2.It is estimated that the project will costRMB three billion.3.It is assumed that the Labor Party willremain in power.4.It was proposed a few years ago thatthe president be elected for one term only.5.It was announced that another bridgeacross the Yangtze would be built next year.6.it was believed even then that theabnormal state of affairs wouldn’t last long.二．Paying special attention to subject –verb agreement.1. The jury is having trouble reaching a verdict.2. Whenever either of us is in a tight corner, we always come to each other’s help.3. Statistics are facts obtained from analyzing information given in numbers.4. Statistics is a branch of mathematicsconcerned with the study of information expressed in numbers.5. Neither his friends and nor his father was admitted by Tsinghai University.6. Xiao Li is one of the best foot players at our university who have ever participated in intercollegiate championships.五．Put in appropriate connectives. 1.as, where, that/which, if/whether , but.if2.When, if, Then, that/which, than六．Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.1.B2. A3. A4. D5. C6. A7. D8.C9.C 1O.C 11. B 12.D 13. A 14. D 15.B 16 C。

Unit11. Virtue is ... self-centered.By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.2.... (Poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity...The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3. ...the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration.The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.4. It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human society.5. It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone.People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.6. ...the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only suspended.The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned; it had only been put off.7. ...only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights, coffee makers, and toilet seats.Government officials, on the whole, are good; it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.8. This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction.It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.9. Belief can be the servant of truth---but even more of convenience.Belief can be useful in the search for truth, but more often than not it is accepted because it is convenient and self-serving.10. George Gilder... Who tells to much applause that the poor must have the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort...George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great misery will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation, in other words, suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.11. But these marks of wild country called to may father like the legendary siren song.Though the place was not pleasant or disagreeable, my father was deeply attracted to it precisely because of its unexplored, uncultivated natural state, and the challenge.12. "I'm afraid the day's going to catch us," I explained, wondering what great disaster might befall us if it did.As a little girl, I believed my father's words, and was genuinely afraid of the possible disaster--if we didn't hurry up, the day would catch us and terrible things might happen.13. ...from time to time he was halfheartedly sought for trial, though few crimes seemed to lead directly to his door.In this place, though the police wound make some effort without real earnest to investigate Watson and bring him to court, there seemed to be little concrete evidence to prove that he wasresponsible for certain illegal activities.14. The stranglehold Watson had over this section of Florida was not dissimilar to the unscrupulous activities of certain lawmen, other legal crooks, and even governors that our state was to suffer through its history.The control Watson had over this part of Florida was much similar to the dishonest or illegal activities of the law-enforcing officials and governors which Florida witnessed in the 20th century.15. There was the little shack, not the most gracious of living quarters, and there was a murderer for our nearest and only neighbor, about thirty miles away.Before the family built their own house, they lived in a shabby cabin at Gopher Key, close to the merciless Watson.16. King Richard in his gluttony never sat at a table more sumptuous than ours was three times a day...We had abundant food on the island, and even the meals enjoyed by King Richard, who was famous for his love of food, couldn’t possibly compare with ours.17. Despite the unrelenting heat, we were happy to be let off from our hours of school indoors, sessions which our mother kept every day, rain or shine.Although it was very hot outside in the sun, we were happy to be dismissed from my mother's sessions indoors. we would have to read and write with her every day no matter what the weather was like.Unit318. But this image, now repeatedly thrust before us in photographs, posters, and advertisements, is misleading.The Earth we see in photos, posters, and ads, which appears so beautiful, is not the true reflection of the world we live in, such image lulls us into complacency.19. The technosphere has become sufficiently large and intense to alter the natural processes that govern the ecosphere.Human activities have taken place over such large areas and with such intensity that they have already caused disastrous effects on ecology.20. ...which could establish itself only because it fitted properly into the preexisting system.the fish could play its role because it became a necessary link with the processes preceding it and the processes following it in the ecological system.21. Defined so narrowly, it is no surprise that cars have properties that are hostile to their environment.When cars are produced to serve such narrow purposes, it is not surprising that some of their characteristic qualities are harmful to the environment.22. Yields rose, but not in proportion to the rate of fertilizer application...the farmer applied more and more fertilizer, and the production did rise but did not increase at the same rate of the fertilizer.23...their waste is flushed into the sewer system altered in composition but not in amount at treatment plant...People eat plants and animals, and their waste is flushed into the sewer system. After being processed, the waste is still waste. the residue will go into rivers, oceans, and will have harmful effect on the aquatic ecosystem.24. Left to their own devices, ecosystems are conservative...If the ecosystems are not upset by outside intrusion, they will remain the same with very little change25.In contrast to the ecosphere, the technosphere is composed of objects and materials that reflecta rapid and relentless process of change and variation.The characteristics of the objects and materials in the technosphere are rapid change and great variety.26.But this is done only at the cost of understanding.if we take side in the war of the two words, we are doing so at the risk of failing to have a clear understanding of the nature and cause of the war, thus, we lose the chance to really solve the grave environmental crisis.Unit 4 Nettles1. How all my own territory would be altered, ad if a landslide had gone through it and skimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.The impact of Mike's leaving on my life was beyond my imagination. I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely. All my thoughts were about loss of Mike.2. During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman's mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelled to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and "The Cocktail Party".At that time, we were young mothers, and we were supposed to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewilderment caused by giving birth to and raising babies. and our minds were supposed to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that. However, in the midst of all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the important thinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T. S. Eliot's sophisticated work "The Cocktail Party".3. ...I would be frightened, not of any hostility but of a kind of nonexistence.I would be frightened, and my fear was not caused by my neighbor's visibly hostile and violent way of life, but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence. What happened around me was totally irrelevant to me, and I felt very isolated and alienated.4. She did not ask me---was it delicacy or disapproval? ---about my new life.She did not ask me about my new life, either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this sensitive subject or out of disapproval for my new life style.5. It would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends.It would be a morally low thing, an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the house of a friend.6. I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life, the hardest experience a person might have to endure.7. He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would either break you apart or bind you, for life.They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience. Such an experience posed the gravest test to people. If they stood the test, their friendship or marriage would be strengthened, and a sacred bondage would be formed between them. But if they failed the test, their relationship would be broken and they would be drivenapart.8. Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. With the weight of this now stillness on it, this seal.If they acted on love, they would take risks. they wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship, but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle, which would flow on gently and permanently, and as an underground resource, which would never be fully tapped but would never go dry.1....the national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social and economic order1. There are such prejudices in an arrogant manner about the characteristic of the social order and economic order and they take it for granted. The country just rejected such prejudice.2 Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently vulnerability to secular ideology ever after2. No one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding, preserving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas.3. .and any intellect so shaped was ...ever afterA mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhat difficult to resist other ideological temptations to ideological thinking.4. Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid...experiencePragmatism is not completely free from abstract ideas just as ideology is not completely free from experience, that is to say, abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience has a role in ideology.5. As an ideologist, however, Jefferson....historical curiosityAs a man following a fixed set of beliefs, Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure. His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to present-day reality.6. ...whose central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthoodTheir central beliefs are imprisoned by the whole body of priests who are always effective.7. ...where free men may find partial truths, but where ...on Absolute TruthIn this universe a person whose mind is unconstrained may be able to discover relation truths but no man on earth can claim that he has already grasped the one and only truth.8. But ideology is a drug; no matter how ...it still persists.Ideology has the characteristic of a narcotic. In spite of the fact that it has been proved wrong many times by experience, people still long to commit themselves to ideology.9. ...the only certainty in an absolute system is the certainty of absolute abuse.The only thing that is sure of a despotic system is the unrestricted exercise of power.10. The distinctive human triumph...lies in the capacity to understand the frailty of human striving ...nonethelessThe most outstanding achievement of humanity is they know that no matter how hard they try, they cannot achieve Absolute truth, yet they continue to make great efforts and refuse to give up Unit71. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human life.As a result of technological development, human belongs now have the power to put an end to poverty and human, misery, but at the same time they also possess the power to destroy the wholeworld, rendering it uninhabitable and lifeless.2. ...unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights...We do not want to see or to allow the slow destruction of those human rights.3. To those peoples in the huts and villages of half.....of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves...To the people of the underdeveloped countries living in poverty in rural areas, we are committed to helping them to rid themselves of mass poverty by their own efforts.4. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.But we should not let any communist power take advantage of this alliance for progress to expand its influence.5. And let every other power know that this....of its own house.We want to make clear to the communist powers that Americas are the Americas of the Americans. Do not attempt to penetrate into this area.6. ...before the dark powers of destruction..... or accidental self-destruction.Before the world is destroyed by a nuclear war launched in a preemptive attack or caused by accident.7. ...yet both racing to alter the uncertain...of mankind's final war.Yet both sides attempt to get an edge in the nuclear arms race so as to break the mutual deterrence which has so far prevented the outbreak of a nuclear war.8. ...civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.To be ready to negotiate and establish friendly relations does not mean that we are weak or afraid. Declarations of sincere intention have to be tested by actions.9. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.Let the two sides use the fruits of science for the benefit of humanity rather than using high-tech weapons to kill and destroy.10. ...each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.1. There have been occasions for each generations of Americans to be called upon to fight and die for their country.。

Unit 5Key to ExerciseVocabulary1. Write down the part of speech of the following words as well as their suffixes.Noun suffixes: -ian, -ist, -ity, -th Adjective suffixes: -al, -ed, -ist, -ous, -y, -cal2. Translate the following participle phrases into Chinese.1．一件撕破的夹克16. 被打败的敌人（败兵之将）2．冰封的河流17. 导弹3．书面文件18. 上述各个理由4．满意的表情19．进口机器5．一个受尊敬的教授20. 为数不多的上帝的选民6．苦笑21. 一个受伤的士兵7. 他有限的词汇22. 事先准备好的讲话8．压低的价位23. 开水9．归国华侨24. 退休工人10. 深谋远虑的举动25．罐头食品11. 破裂的家庭26. 已经完成的形式12. 干果27. 一位有经验的教师13. 一个松花蛋28．敌占区14. 发达国家29. 在打一场已经失败的战争15. 已经上了锁的门2. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets according to the sentence patterns in bold.1. that he decided to devote his whole life to teaching in his home village after he finished school2. that he soon lost his power (or was overthrown)3. that people generally agree that few major/big issues/problems can be resolved without China’s participation4. with a gun in his hand5. with a page boy standing on either side of him and a few elderly soldiers sweeping the ground outside the city gate6. With the roaring river in front and the enemy soldiers following closely7. to keep calm8. To be a professor means9. To know a lot of names, persons and events in the past does not necessarily mean3. Fill in the blacks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1 for, on2 against, out3 to, in4 with, to5 of, of6 of, in spite of, on7 of, in8 Upon, into9 in, with 10 to/with(Note: upon my word短语今天已经不常用。

1)她打算申请那个学术工作。

She intends to apply for that academic position．2)他对他的研究如此专心致志，他从来没有想过很快就要退休这事。

He is so devoted to his research that the idea that he will soon have to retire never occurs to him．3)很多人都注意到了，没有有效的监督，我们都有滥用权力的倾向。

Many people have observed that，without effective checks，we have a tendency to abuse our power·4)学生们必须仔细观察好的作家如何用词。

Students must observe carefully how good writers use words.5)有些国家拒绝卷入这一争端，而且他们对外国的干涉非常敏感。

Some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute and they resent any foreign interference．6)你觉得毒品问题我们应该如何应付？How do you think we should handle the drug problem?7)根据协议，所有的经济政策应该不加歧视地适用于所有人。

According to the agreement，all business policies should apply to everybody without any prejudice．8)要控制沙尘暴，涉及大量的工作和金钱。

The control of the sand storms will involve a tremendous amount of work and money．9)你应用这些技术的时候，必须考虑到当地的条件。

现代大学英语精读5课后练习题含答案第一部分阅读理解阅读一Jude the Obscure is a work of fiction written by Thomas Hardy. It is the last of his novels. Its protagonist, Jude Fawley, is a working-class young man, a stonemason, who dreams of becoming a scholar. The other mn character is his cousin, Sue Bridehead, who is also poor and is a young woman ahead of her time in her independence, intellect and sensuality. The novel is concerned in particular with issues of class, education, religion, and marriage.1.What is the protagonist’s na me?–Answer: Jude Fawley2.Who is Sue Bridehead?–Answer: Jude Fawley’s cousin who is poor and ahead of her time in independence, intellect, and sensuality.3.What are the mn themes of the novel?–Answer: Class, education, religion, and marriage.阅读二Coffee is on e of the world’s most popular beverages. Some clm it is the most widely consumed liquid in the world aside from water. Coffee is more than a beverage, however. It is a memory, an anticipation, a lifetime of consoling moments of modest pleasure woven into our lives.1.What is coffee?–Answer: A popular beverage.2.Is coffee consumed more than any other liquid in the worldexcept water?–Answer: Some clm it is.3.What does coffee represent to people?–Answer: Coffee is more than a beverage, it is a memory, anticipation, and lifetime of consoling moments of modestpleasure.第二部分词汇1.Please provide three synonyms for “huge.”–Answer: Enormous, gigantic, colossal.2.What would you call a person who speaks two languages?–Answer: Bilingual.3.What is a synonym for “happy?”–Answer: Joyful.4.Please provide three synonyms for “small.”–Answer: Tiny, little, diminutive.5.What would you call a person who loves books?–Answer: Avid reader.第三部分语法1.What is an adjective clause and how is it used?–Answer: An adjective clause is a group of words that contns a subject and a verb that modifies a noun or pronoun.It is used to provide additional information about the nounor pronoun it modifies.2.What are prepositions and how are they used in a sentence?–Answer: Prepositions are words that show therelationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in asentence. They are used to indicate location, time, ordirection.3.What is a relative pronoun? Please provide an examplesentence.–Answer: A relative pronoun is a pronoun thatintroduces a relative clause. Example sentence: The car thatI want to buy is red.第四部分写作练习Write a short paragraph (5-7 sentences) about your favorite hobby.•Answer: My favorite hobby is playing guitar. I started playing when I was in high school and have been practicing ever since. I love the feeling of being able to create music andexpress myself through the instrument. I also enjoy learning new songs and techniques to improve my skills. It’s a great way to relieve stress and relax after a long day.。

现代大学英语精读Book One 课后练习答案Unit One Half a DayV ocabulary1 Become familiar with the rules of word formationI identify the parts of speech of the following words and list the suffixes used.Noun suffixes:-tion,-ment, -ing, -ness, -or/erAdjective suffixes: -ful, -less, -ed.Adverb suffixes: -ly2 Write down the corresponding adverbs, adjectives, nouns or verbs of the following words.1. Their corresponding adverbs are:Simply, hurriedly, terribly, possibly, miserably, politely, fortunately, practically, physically, favorably, roughly, seriously.2. Their corresponding adjectives are:Complete, accurate, particular, total, absolute, easy, angry, miserable, exact, final.3. Their corresponding nouns are:Power(powerfulness), success(successfulness), care(carefulness),tear(tearfulness), meaning(meaninglessness), home(homelessness), price (pricelessness)4. Their corresponding verbs are:Express, impress, attend, celebrate, attract, spell, produce, pollute, prevent, oppose, organize, inform, appoint, require, judge.3 Translate1. 一个有用的词，2一条很有帮助的建议3. 一次痛苦的经历4. 一个含泪的声音5. 一场无望的战争 6 一颗无价的宝石7. 一本无用的书8. 仔细一看9. 一个多事的年份10.一个有害的习惯11. 一只对人无害的动物12. 一个无耻的撒谎者13.一个无阶级的社会14. 很有希望的形势15．一次富有成果的访问16. 一支强大的军队17. 一个粗心的错误18. 一个无家可的孩子19. 一个牙齿已掉光的老汉20.一朵无名的花。