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英语中的否定转移以及部分否定

英语中的否定转移以及部分否定
英语中的否定转移以及部分否定

英语中的否定转移○1

“I don’t think he is a good doctor.”

翻译:我认为他不是个好医生。

I don’t think you will have any difficulty in finding the boy’s dormitory.

翻译:我认为你找到男生宿舍不会有困难。

否定转移的主句动词在语义上可分为两类:

A:表示看法的动词:

be supposed to, believe, expect, imagine, suppose, think,fancy,guess,should say等表示主观意见和猜想的动词在句中作谓语时,按习惯其宾语从句的否定通常转移到主句。

如:

1. I didn’t think I have seen you before.

2. She didn’t imagine that we would say

anything.

B:表示感觉的动词:

在seem,feel,taste,sound,appear,look like, feel as if, look as if, sound as if作联系动词的句子中,特别是seem,按习惯以它的否定来代替其他部分的否定。例如:

1. The baby doesn’t appear to be awake.

2. It doesn’t look(看起来) like it’s

(天不会)going to rain.

3.English doesn't seem easy to learn. 英语好像不容易学。

4.It didn't seem during those years that there could be anyone else who might share my own peculiar tastes. 在那些年月里,似乎没有人会有我这样的特殊情趣。

类似的情况还有半助动词happen。

例如:He didn't happen to be at home. 他碰巧不在家。

C:以because引导的从句或because of引导的介词短语在句中作原因状语时,其否定常常转移。例如:

1.I don't teach because teaching is easy for me., and nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or I have knowledge I feel compelled to share with others. (=I teach not because… neither because…) 我当教师,并不是因为我觉得教书轻松……也不是因为我认为自己能够解答各种问题,或者因为我有满腹学问,觉得非与别人分享不可。

didn't go there because of his request. (=I went there not because of his request.) 我不是因为他的要求而去的。

在有些情况下,否定显然是在主句,而不在从句,并未转移。例如:

I couldn't concentrate because I was so hungry, because I hadn't had my breakfast. 我无法集中精力,因为我很饿,因为我没有吃早饭。

有时,特指否定和一般否定界线不明,因而产生歧义。例如:

I didn't go because I was afraid. 特指否定:我去了,但不是因为我害怕。一般否定:我没有去,因为我害怕。

当句子是一般否定时,为避免歧义,在口头表达时,需在because前稍作停顿。在书面表达时,可在because前用逗号将从句和主句分开。例如:

He didn't go to school, because he was ill. 他没去上学,因为他病了。

D:不转移否定的几种情况

在以下特殊情况中,即使有允许否定转移的动词,也不能将其否定转移到主句中。

1.I think是插入语,可看作与其他部分无关时。如:

I wish you were here, then, I think, I should not feel like this.

2. 主句中有情态动词can’t, mustn’t, wouldn’t等时。如:

I can’t believe that they are married.

You mustn’t think he’s stupid.

3.由于cannot help doing, ought not, need not, not at all等短语的关系而把I think隔离时。如:

I think you ought not to walk at night alone, Mrs. Moore.

“I think the angel is not at all in heaven.” Redmond said.

4.由于受not just…but, just not…enough, not much, not quite等以not 为核心的副词短语的影响,也不便把其否定转移到主句中。如:

I think I’m just not smart enough to make any sense out of for you. But I think that Elizabeth was not quite so certain of it as I.

5. 句中含有no, never, nothing, nobody等否定词时。如:

I should think you never have seen many.

I thought it explained nothing.

英语中的否定转移○2

1) 将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的

谓语动词用肯定形式。

I don't think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。

I don' t believe he will come. 我相信他不回来。

注意:若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。

I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。

2) 将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.

看来他们不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.

看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。

3) 有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。

I don't remember having ever seen such a man.

我记得从未见过这样一个人。 (not否定动名词短语 having…)

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.

在这里,人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。

(anyone 作主语时,从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)

4) 有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定状语) 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because状语) 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何,就轻信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. (否定状语many weeks) 她结婚还不到几个月,这个人的弟弟就看见她了,并对她的美貌着迷。

但是属于下列情况的却不用进行否定转移

1. 主句的谓语动词为一般过去时或过去完成时时。

例如:He thought that it was not his duty to help Tom. 他认为帮助汤姆不是他的责任。

I had thought that he would not come.我原以为他不回来呢。

2. 主句的谓语动词为过去进行时时。

例如: Mary was thinking the room was not hot enough.玛丽在想那房间还不够热。

We were thinking they could not receive our demands.我们在想他们不可能接受我们的要求。

3、主句的谓语动词为现在完成时或现在完成进行时时。例如:

We have supposed we will not trouble you again.我们想我们不会再麻烦你了。

I have been thinking that the sky won’t fall down.我相信天不会塌下来。

4、当think用在疑问句中时,一般不要求否定转移。

Why do you think we can’t change your note 你为什么认为我们换不开你的钞票呢

Do you think my mother wouldn’t permit this 你认为我妈妈不会答应吗

5、当主句中的谓语动词与情态动词连用时,不属于否定转移。例如:

The boss must think I am not fit for the job.老板一定认为我不适合这项工作。

You can’t think how glad I am to see you. 你无法想象我见到你是多么高兴。

6、当主句中的谓语动词与状语连用时,不属于否定转移现象。例如:

I didn’t think that they were happy. 我并不认为他们是幸福的。

I really think you needn’t worry about him.我真认为你没必要为他担心。

7、当主句中的谓语动词被加强语气的助动词do, does, did修饰时,否定不转移。例如:

I do think it is wise of her to say so.我确实认为她这么说是明智的.

I do believe she doesn’t tell a lie. 我真的相信她没有撒谎。

8、当宾语从句中有no, never, hardly等否定词时,否定通常不转移。例如:

We all think that she is a person for nothing.我们都认为她是一个不中用的人。

I believe Tom never tells a lie.我相信汤姆从来不撒谎。

9、当宾语从句中含有not at all, not a bit, not…enough, can’t help doing等一些固定词组时,否定不转移。例如:

I think she is not tired at all.我想她一点也不累。

I think I can’t help laughing if I see it.我想我看见它时会忍不住大笑。

英语中的否定转移○3

英语中的否定转移

1) 将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。

I don't think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。

I don' t believe he will come. 我相信他不回来。

注意:若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。

I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。

2) 将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。

It doesn't seem that they know where to go.

看来他们不知道往哪去。

It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.

看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。

3) 有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。

I don't remember having ever seen such a man.

我记得从未见过这样一个人。 (not否定动名词短语 having…)

It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.

在这里,人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。

(anyone 作主语时,从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。)

4) 有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。

The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定状语) 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。

He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because状语) 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何,就轻信此事。

She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty. (否定状语many weeks) 她结婚还不到几个月,这个人的弟弟就看见她了,并对她的美貌着迷。

但是属于下列情况的却不用进行否定转移

1. 主句的谓语动词为一般过去时或过去完成时时。

例如:He thought that it was not his duty to help Tom. 他认为帮助汤姆不是他的责任。

I had thought that he would not come.我原以为他不回来呢。

2. 主句的谓语动词为过去进行时时。

例如: Mary was thinking the room was not hot enough.玛丽在想那房间还不够热。

We were thinking they could not receive our demands.我们在想他们不可能接受我们的要求。

3、主句的谓语动词为现在完成时或现在完成进行时时。例如:

We have supposed we will not trouble you again.我们想我们不会再麻烦你了。

I have been thinking that the sky won’t fall down.我相信天不会塌下来。

4、当think用在疑问句中时,一般不要求否定转移。

Why do you think we can’t change your note 你为什么认为我们换不开你的钞票呢

Do you think my mother wouldn’t permit this 你认为我妈妈不会答应吗

5、当主句中的谓语动词与情态动词连用时,不属于否定转移。例如:

The boss must think I am not fit for the job.老板一定认为我不适合这项工作。

You can’t think how glad I am to see you. 你无法想象我见到你是多么高兴。

6、当主句中的谓语动词与状语连用时,不属于否定转移现象。例如:

I didn’t think that they were happy. 我并不认为他们是幸福的。

I really think you needn’t worry about him.我真认为你没必要为他担心。

7、当主句中的谓语动词被加强语气的助动词do, does, did修饰时,否定不转移。例如:

I do think it is wise of her to say so.我确实认为她这么说是明智的.

I do believe she doesn’t tell a lie. 我真的相信她没有撒谎。

8、当宾语从句中有no, never, hardly等否定词时,否定通常不转移。例如:

We all think that she is a person for nothing.我们都认为她是一个不中用的人。

I believe Tom never tells a lie.我相信汤姆从来不撒谎。

9、当宾语从句中含有not at all, not a bit, not…enough, can’t help doing等一些固定词组时,否定不转移。例如:

I think she is not tired at all.我想她一点也不累。

I think I can’t help laughing if I see it.我想我看见它时会忍不住大笑。

英语部分否定的七种表示方法

英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表示方法:

一、 all 的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示"并非都……"、"不是所有的都……"例如:

Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。

Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。

二、 both 的否定式:not…both (或:both… not) "并非两个……都……" 例如:

I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。

Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。

三、 every…的否定式:"不是每……都……" 例如:

Not every book is educative. (或:Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。

Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。

This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。

四、 always的否定式:"并非总是(并非一直)……" 例如:

He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。

五、 entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式:"不完全……","并非完全……" 例如:

The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。

He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。

I don't agree completely. 我并不完全同意。

What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。

六、 all the time 的否定式:"并非一直……"、"未必老是……" 例如:

A foolish man doesn't make a mistake all the time. 笨人未必老是犯错误。

七、not…and…的否定式:被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。例

如:

He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确。

This film is not interesting and instructive. 这部电影有趣但无教育意义。

She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。

如果将and 换成or,not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。

He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确。

如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定,那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词,如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)… at all 等。例如:

All of them can do None of them can do it.

Both are is good.

Everybody likes it. ---Nobody likes it.

He is always late. --- He is never late.

We don't trust them entirely. --- We never trust them at all. He was here all the time. --- He was never here.

英语中的否定

浅析英语中的否定 编讲:田老师在教学中不难看出,影响学生英语理解和阅读的除了有单词和主从句(长难句)外,还有一些否定句子困扰学生,严重影响了学习兴趣。现在就英语中的否定作统一的浅析以便教和学更轻松。 第一篇:否定转移和不转移问题 否定转移的主句动词在语义上可分: A:表示看法的动词: be supposed to, believe, expect, imagine, suppose, think, fancy,guess,should say等表示主观意见和猜想的动词在句中作谓语时,按习惯其宾语从句的否定通常转移到主句。如: 1. I didn’t think I have seen you before. 2. She didn’t imagine that we would say anything. B:表示感觉的动词: 在seem,feel,taste,sound,appear,look like, feel as if, look as if, sou nd as if作联系动词的句子中,特别是seem,按习惯以它的否定来代替其他部分的否定。例如: 1. The baby doesn’t appear to be awake. 2. It doesn’t look(看起来)like it’s (天不会)going to rain. 3.English doesn't seem easy to learn. 英语好像不容易学。

4.It didn't seem during those years that therecould be anyone else who might share my own peculiar tastes. 在那些年月里,似乎没有人会有我这样的特殊情趣。 C类似的情况还有半助动词happen。 例如:He didn't happen to be at home. 他碰巧不在家。 D将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。 It doesn't seem th at they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。 It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow. 看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。 E有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。 I don' t remember having ever seen such a man. 我记得从未见过这样一个人。 (not否定动名词短语having…) It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 在这里,人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。 (anyone 作主语时,从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。) F 状语和状语从句的否定转移 The ant is not gathering this for itself alone. (否定状语) 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。 He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle saidso. (否定because状语) 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何,就轻信此事。

英语部分否定和全部否定

关于部分否定和全部否定 1.not all+名词,all...not,not...all表示部分否定 2.no+名词表示全部否定 Not all birds can fly. 讲解:本句=All birds can not fly=Some birds can’t fly=不是所有的鸟都 会飞 那么所有的鸟都不会飞如何表达? No birds can fly.=Birds can’t fly.----全部否定 大家清楚了吗?当然我上面犯了个错误,同学门看出来了吗?呵呵,鸟怎么能不会 飞呢?是bird就会飞.那什么鸟不会飞呢?ostrich[鸵鸟],这个单词难记吗?我来 教你记住它.先从后往前拆了它,rich+st+o,然后把rich联想成富人,st想成street,o想成一个项圈,最后开始造句,只有有钱人才会在大街上溜鸵鸟.记住 了吗?呵呵,鸵鸟肉很好吃,无奈本人不rich.好了,扯远了,给大家几个句子体会 一下部分否定. 例句: 1.Not all men can swim.=All men can not swim. 2.Not all Chinese people like beef.=All Chinese people don’t like be ef. 3.I don’t kown all of them,言外之意,I only know some of them,not all. 特别说明:前两个句子等号右边的部分同学们很容易理解成全部否定,其实不然. 但这里我要说明的是,这样的表达在现代英语里并不常见,所以在写作中大家最 好用等号左边的表达. 全部否定比较简单,我再举一个 No men can fly.[这个不是病句,是真理,没人反对吧,本人水平有限,太难的句 子怕写错了] 中学英语教材中,英语的否定句是一个语法的重点,同时又是一个难点。在教学 中发现有不少学生对英语句子的全部否定和部分否定翻译时不够准确,大部分学 生是按照字面翻译。英汉互译时,遣词不准,不注重英汉语言的习惯表达法。这 样既影响了学生对文章中的语句理解的准确性,又影响了学生运用英语的能力。 笔者就中学英语的否定句类型浅谈全部否定和部分否定句的英汉互译。 英语中的否定句,就其否定的范围来说,可分为全部否定(complete negation)和部分否定(partial negation)。表示全部否定时,常用含“绝无” 意义的否定词(如:none/no/neither/nobody/nothing/never/nowhere等)加上肯定式谓语。例如:None of the answers are correct.全部答案都不正确。 Neither of the films is interesting. 这两部电影都无趣味。 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.

关于英语中的否定句

关于英语中的否定句 1) 一般否定句 I don‘t know this. No news is good news. There is no person /not a person/not any person in the house. 2)特指否定 He went to his office, not to see him. I am sorry for not coming on time. I don‘t think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are ri ght. 3)部分否定 I don‘t know all of them. I can‘t see everybody/everything. All the answers are not right.(并非所有答案都对。) All is not gold that glitters. (闪光的不一定都是金子。) Both of them are not right.(并非两人都对。) 4)全体否定 None of my friends smoke. I can see nothing/nobody. Nothing can be so simple as this. Neither of them is right. 5) 延续否定 You didn‘t see him, neither/nor did I. You don‘t know, I don‘t know either. He doesn‘t know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of French. 6) 半否定句 We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing. I know little English. I saw few people. 7) 双重否定 You can‘t make something out of nothing. What‘s done cannot be undone. There is no sweet without sweat. No gain without pains. I can‘t help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it. No man is so old but (that) he can learn. 8)排除否定 Everyone is ready except you. He did nothing but play.

英语中的部分否定

英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表示方法: 一、all 的否定式: not all…(或:all…not)表示“并非都……”、“不是所有的都……”例如: Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。 二、both 的否定式: not…both (或:both… not) “并非两个……都……”例如: I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。 Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。 三、every…的否定式:“不是每……都……”例如: Not every book is educative. (或:Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。 Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。 This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。 四、always的否定式:“并非总是(并非一直)……”例如: He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。 五、entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式:“不完全……”,“并非完全……”例如: The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不能够完全信任商人。 He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。 I don't agree completely. 我并不完全同意。 What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。 六、all the time 的否定式:“并非一直……”、“未必老是……”例如: A foolish man doesn't make a mistake all the time. 笨人未必老是犯错误。

英语语法否定转移

否定转移 否定的转移是指英语否定句在句中某一部分(常在谓语部分),但在语义上却是否定另一部分的现象。翻译这类句子时不要单纯依赖语法分析,而应从语义上分析,根据上下文理解句意。例:He doesn’t teach because teaching is easy for him. 他之所以教书,并不是因为他觉得教书轻松。 一、否定形式在表示“看法”的谓语动词上,语义上却是否定后面的宾语从句。 此类动词有:think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, anticipate, fancy, consider, find (感到), guess, be supposed to, calculate, figure, reckon。 - I don't believe I've met you before. ("I believe I haven’t met youbefore.") 我认为我没有见过你。 - I don't think you will be late. 我认为你不会迟到。 - I don't suppose he cares, does he? 我看他不在乎,对吧? - He doesn't expect we need worry. 他认为我们不必着急。 - I don’t recon she is old enough to go to school.我认为她还没到上学的年纪。 注:上述判断性动词出现以下情况时,其否定不发生转移: (1)用作插入语时: - Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不会生你的气。 - Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想汤姆不会反对。 (2)这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时: - I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。 (3)用于疑问句时: - Do you think it is not going to rain? 你认为天不会下雨吗? (4)主句中添加情态动词can't, mustn't, wouldn't时: - You mustn’t think he’s stupid. 你不应该认为他愚蠢。 - I wouldn't have imagined that you would be here. 我不曾想到你会在这儿。 - I can’t imagine how he could survive that car accident.我想象不出在那次车祸中他是怎样活命的。 (5)think , expect 作料想讲时: - I didn’t expect I’d meet you here. 我没料到会在这里碰上你。 - We didn’t think he is such a selfish man. 我们没料到他是这样一个自私的人。 (6)suppose , think 用于祈使句式或被副词修饰时: - Don’t suppose you have passed the exam, this is only a part of the exam. 别以为你通过了考试,这仅仅是考试的一部分。 - I simply don’t think you will give me a hand when I’m in difficulty. 我根本不指望你在我困难的时候能帮助我。 - I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。 - I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。 (7)上述动词所接的宾语从句中如有all , every , many , both 等表全体意义的词或副词时: - I don’t believe both of them are innocent.我不相信他们两个都是清白的。 - I never expect all the students will do the exercises after classes. 我从不抱希望于所有学生都会在课外做作业。 - We don’t consider everybody in our class is interested in this topic. 我们并不认为班里的每个人都对这个话题感兴趣。 (8)由于cannot help, ought not,need not,not at all等短语的关系而把I think 隔离: - I should have thought sometimes you couldn’t help thinking of the past. 我应该想到你会禁不住想起过去。

英语中的否定

英语中的否定 第一部分:重点讲解 I. 否定的种类: 否定句是英语中的常用基本句型之一,它用来表示对所表达情况的否认.英语的否定结构形式多种多样,无论在思路上,还是在表达方式上,都与汉语有许多差异.如果只按字面意思翻译,有时会造成误解.因此,在做英译汉和汉译英练习时,一定要认真体会其中的含义,不要望文生义,以防陷入这个可怕的迷宫. 按意义分,英语中的否定多种多样.有全部否定、部分否定、多重否定(双重否定). 1)全部否定 no, not, never, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither... nor,结构均表示强烈意味的完全否定, 在汉语中体现为"绝对不","没有","远不(非)......","一点也不","根本不......","无论如何也没有......"等. 2)部分否定 英语中一些含有总括含义的代词、形容词或副词,当用于否定句中时,只否定一部分,

而不是完全否定.如all, everybody(everyone), everything, anyone(anybody), anything, anywhere, everywhere, always, quite, both, entirely, altogether等词与not连用时,在汉语中译为"......不全是......","不都是......","并非全都是......","不总是......"等,而不是按照字面理解为"所有......都不是". All that glitters is not gold. 闪闪发光的东西不一定都是金子.(误:所有闪闪发光的都不是金子.) All of us don’t want to go. 照字面看来好像是“我们大家都不想去”,而实际上是“并非大家都不想去”,即有人想去,有人不想去。“None of us wants to go”才是“大家都不想去” 因此,“All……not……”应解释为“一切……并不都……”或“并非一切……都……”。例如: All knowledge and techniques of modern medicine cannot bring him back to life.

英语的十一种否定转移现象

英语语法:英语的十一种否定转移现象 摘要:否定的转移是指英语否定句在句中某一部分(常在谓语部分),但在语义上却是否定另一部分的现象。含有全体意义的代词和副词作主语或宾语时,形式上否定谓语,语义上否定主语或宾语,表示部分否定。 否定的转移是指英语否定句在句中某一部分(常在谓语部分),但在语义上却是否定另一部分的现象。翻译这类句子时不要单纯依赖语法分析,而应从语义上分析,根据上下文理解句意。例: He doesn’t teach because teaching is easy for him.他之所以教书,并不是因为他觉得教书轻松。 John didn't attend the meeting because he was ill.约翰没有出席会议, 因为他病了。 以上句子是否采用“否定转移”以译文意思合乎逻辑为准则。 一、在表示“看法”的谓语动词上的否定形式,语义上却是否定后面的宾语从句。 此类动词有: think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, anticipate, fancy, consider, find (感到),guess,be supposed to, calculate, figure, reckon。 I don't believe I've met you before. 我认为我没有见过你。 I don't think you will be late.我认为你不会迟到。 I don't suppose he cares, does he?我看他不在乎,对吧? He doesn't expect we need worry.他认为我们不必着急。 I don’t recon she is old enough to go to school.我认为她还没到上学的年纪。 注:上述表示“看法”或“判断”的动词出现以下情况时,其否定不发生转移: (1)用作插入语时: Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you.我想李蕾不会生你的气。 Tom, I suppose, won’t be againstit.我猜想汤姆不会反对。

关于英语中的否定句

关于英语中的否定句 1)一般否定 这是一般意义上的否定句。否定句是指谓语部分使用了否定表达的形式。 I don’t know this. No news is good news. There is no person /not a person/not any person in the house. 2)特指否定 这是指否定句子中的某一成份,例如下面例句是对状语的否定。 He went to his office, not to see him. I am sorry for not coming on time. I don’t think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right. 3)部分否定 这是指对主语或宾语中所提到的人或事物,进行部分的否定,而不是全部提到的人或事物。句中使用了not all, not everybody, not both 一类的句式。 I don’t know all of the boys over there. I can’t see everybody in the meeting room. All is not gold that glitters. (闪光的不一定都是金子。) Both of them are not right.(并非两人都对。) 4)全体否定 这是指对主语或宾语中所提到的人或事物,进行全部的否定,即每个人或事都不是的。句子主要使用了有全部否定含义的词语,如none, nothing, neither 等。 None of my friends were involved in this case. I can see nobody in the deserted street. Nothing can be so simple as this. Neither of them is to blame for being late. 5) 延续否定 用两个简短的否定句,进一步表达否定的意思。 You didn't see him last night, neither/nor did I. You don't know about it, I don't know either. He doesn't know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of French. 6) 半否定句 这是由英语中特定的词语所决定的,与上面所说的部分否定有相似之处,这些词语是seldom, hardly, little, few 等,表示全部否定中还有一点点是肯定的。 We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing. I saw few people at the bus station at midnight. 7) 双重否定 双重否定即否定之否定,用两个否定来表示肯定,在语气上要强烈得多。 You can't make something out of nothing. What's done cannot be undone. There is no sweet without sweat. No gains without pains. I can't help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it. No man is so old but (that) he can learn. 8)排除否定 也是一种部分否定,句子使用了表示排除的介词,如except, but, but for 等。介词后面的部

英语中的部分否定与全部否定

英语中的部分否定与全部否定 在英语里有一些用来表示“全体”或“完全”意义的总括词,如all, every(及everybody, everything等),both, always, quite, wholly, entirely, altogether, completely等,凡含有这些词的否定句并非表示全部否定。如: 1. Not all the ants go out for the food. 并非所有的蚂蚁都出外觅食。 2. Money is not everything. 金钱并非万能。 从上面例子中可以看出部分否定有下列两种形式: 一、直接把否定词not 放在被否定词之前。如: 3. Not all birds can fly. 并不是所有的鸟都会飞。 4. Not both children are clever. 两个孩子并不都聪明。 5. He doesn’t quite understand. 他并非全部理解。 6. We are not altogether interested. 我们并不完全感兴趣。 二、用not 来否定谓语。如: 7. I can’t catch everything in the book. 我没有完全掌握书中的内容。 8. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。 除了上述两种常见的形式外,部分否定还有其它表现形式。如: 9. She can’t sing and dance. (not...and... ) 她并非既会唱歌又会跳舞。 10. It was not for nothing that she spent two years studying skies. (not for nothing) 她花了两年时间研究天体并非毫无收获。 还有含有seldom, hardly, little 等词的句子也有表示部分否定的情况。 11. He seldom asks for leave. 他很少请假。 12. It hardly ever snows in Guangdong. 广东极少下雪。 13. We know few of them. 他们当中我们不认识几个人。

Think后的句子一定要否定转移吗

动词think后的从句一定要否定前移吗? 云南省昭通市威信县第二中学杨天喜(657900) 在人教版高中英语必修三(p18)有这么一个句子:I don’t think it’s very funny. 大家都知道,这是一个典型的否定前移的句子。在宾语从句中,若主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, fancy, feel, imagine等表示心理活动的动词时,宾语从句不能用否定形式,若宾语从句是否定句式,则常将否定词not前移到主句谓语动词前面,从而形成“形式上否定主句,实际上否定宾语从句”的现象,这种语法现象叫做否定前移。但是必须注意的是:这种特殊句型的主语一定是第一人称I或者we,若是第二三人称代词(不论单复数)做句子主语,便不能形成否定前移。如: I don’t think he will come this afternoon.我认为他今天下午不会来。 What a pity! I don’t believe I know you. 很遗憾,我并不认识你。 I don’t guess that they have got married. 我猜他们还没有结婚。 I don’t expect they have finished the work.我料想他们还没有完成工作。 I don’t suppose he will return to his hometown after a few years of study abroad. 我看他在国外学习几年后不会回家乡了。 I don’t feel you should go.我觉得你不应该去。 I didn’t imagine that Tom would help her.我猜想汤姆不会帮助她。 任何语法规则都有例外,如果属于下列情况,则不进行否定前移: 1.主句中的谓语动词若与情态动词或者副词连用时,不否定前移。如: I can’t believe that they are married.我真不敢相信他们结婚了。 We can’t believe that he turns an honest penny.我们不能相信他是用正当手段挣钱。 I mustn’t think he’s an honest person.我一定不会认为他是一个诚实的人。 I didn’t eve r suppose that they were happy. 我并不认为他们是幸福的。 We really think he is not fit for his office. 我们真的认为他不适合这项工作。 I sometimes think she doesn’t work hard. 我有事认为他学习不努力。 I can’t believe that they are married. 我不会相信他们结婚了。 I think you ought not to walk at night alone, Mrs. Moore.摩尔夫人,我认为你晚上不应该独自一人出来。 I sometimes think he is not an honest man.我有时认为她并不诚实。 2.当think用在疑问句中构成双重疑问句时,不用否定迁移。如: Why do you think I can’t change your note?你为什么认为我换不开你的钞票呢?Do you think he can’t come here tomorrow? 你认为他明天不能来这儿吗? Why do you think I can’t do it? 你为什么认为我不会做它呢? Do you think my father won’t agree? 你认为我父亲不会同意吗? 3.当think前有强调词do/does/did表强调时,不用否定前移。如: I do think he is not married. 我一定认为他还没有结婚。 We do think you should not stay up late. 我们的确认为你不应该熬夜那么晚的。 I do think you shouldn’t hurt her.我的确认为你不该伤害她。 4.当I think, I believe等被看作插入语成分、和其他部分无关时不用否定前移。如:

英文中常用否定前缀总结

英文中常用否定前缀总结 anti-表示,相反的,相对的antibody 抗体 non-表示“非”nonhuman 非人类 英语中大部分否定前缀构词法: 1> dis 加在形容词前 -- agreeable(adj.使人愉快的)→ disagreeable(adj.不愉快的) -- content(adj.满意的 vt.使满足)→ discontent(adj.不满的 vt.令人不满 n.不满) -- graceful(adj.优美的)→ disgraceful(adj.使失体面的, 耻辱的)-- honest(adj.诚实的, 正直的)→ dishonest(adj.不诚实的) -- satisfactory(adj.满意的)→ dissatisfactory(adj.不满意的) 加在名词前 -- agreement(n.同意)→ disagreement(n.意见不同) -- honesty(n.诚实, 正直)→ dishonesty(n.不诚实, 不老实) -- ability(n.能力, 才干)→ disability(n.无力, 无能) -- grace(n.优美, 雅致)→ disgrace(n.耻辱) -- comfort(n.舒适 vt.安慰)→ discomfort(n.不舒适 vt.使不舒适)可以加在动词前 -- agree(v.同意)→ disagree(v.不同意) -- appear(vi.出现)→ disappear(vi.消失, 不见) -- believe(相信, 信任)→ disbelieve(v.不信, 怀疑) 在名词前加dis得到动词, 表示除去、解除。 -- courage(n.勇气, 精神)→ discourage(vt.使气馁) -- root(n.根, 根部)→ disroot / unroot(vt.连根拔除)

think否定转移的用法分析(一)

think否定转移的用法分析(一) 当主语是第一人称,think, believe, expect, guess 等谓语动词接that宾语从句时,如果用否定式,否定意义要转移到从句的谓语。例如:I don't think he is honest. “我认为他不诚实。”但我却看到这样一个句子:He doesn't think you realize the gravity of the situation. “他认为你没意识到局势的严重性。”我的疑问是,这个句子主句的主语是第三人称,为什么也否定转移了呢? 关于这个问题,实际上适用于各种人称,不单纯是第一人称。所以,完全可以说:He doesn't think you realize the gravity of the situation. 关于此问题,我想说明一下个人的理解: I don't think he is honest. 在翻译成汉语时,不一定非要把“否定”转移到从句。以下两种译法都对: “我认为他不诚实。” “我不认为他诚实。” 如果把以上两句汉语再翻译成英语时,则要按英语的习惯来翻译,应把否定词转移到主句上来,应说:I don't think he is honest. 不说:I think he isn’t honest. 由此说明,汉语翻译是否转移不受限制,而英语的转移则是习惯要求的。此外,下列情况,否定则不转移。 1. 如果否定词不是not,而是never, hardly 等,则不转移。因为一旦转移,意思跟原来不符。例如: I think he will never escape hard work. 我想他永远逃避不了辛苦的工作。 We think she can hardly finish the job in one day. 我们认为她很难在一天内完成这项工作。

宾语从句否定转移与反意疑问

三、宾语从句变否定句。 如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时,并且谓语动词多为think、suppose、 guess、believe、expect、consider等表示心理活动的词时,变否定句要否定转移,即否定主句。否则,变否定句看从句。 I think chicken can swim . He said that he would go shopping. I don't think he will come this evening. She believes he doesn't study harder. I thought that he would come back soon. He thinks that he is fit for the job. 四、宾语从句变反意疑问句 如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时,变反意疑问句时看从句。如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句。 I think he is a good student ,______ _______ ? They want to know if he is a good student , _______ _______ ? We think Xiao Ming is a good boy,______ _______? She thinks XiaoDong is healthy,______ _______? I don't think that you can do it, ______ ______? We don't believe that the news is true, _______ ______? They all think that English is very useful, _____ _____? He didn't think that the news is true, ____ _____? We think that we will win the game,_______ ______? I suppose father is sleeping ,______ _____ ? I don’t think you are right ,_____ ______ ? We told him we would go there next week ,______ _____ ? He said that he would come back next Monday ,______ _______ ? They don’t think that she will win ,______ _______ ?

中考英语-最易混淆的完全否定与部分否定

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并不是每个人都觉得这些玩笑有趣。 2. Food likes and dislikes do not always seem related to nutrition. 对食物 的好恶似乎并不总与营养有关。 比较: Nothing makes him happy. (全部否定)没有哪一件事情让他开心。 Not everything makes him happy. (部分否定)并不是每一件事都让他开心。 None of the students went to visit the science museum last week. (完全 否定)上周没有一个学生去参观科技博物馆。 Not all of the students went to visit the science museum last week. (部分 否定)上周并不是所有的学生都去参观了科技博物馆。 三.几乎否定 一些半否定词表否定之意。他们不可再与否定词连用,他们与谓语肯定式连用,构成几乎否定句。如:hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, few 等词。例如: 1.I could hardly hear what he said.

英语中部分否定的几种表示方法

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英语否定句大全教程

英语否定句综合教程 一、转换否定 引用薄冰的原话,是“在英语中常可见到一些……形式上否定而意义上则表肯定的句子”。 1.cannot…too You cannot be too careful. 误译:你不能太小心。 正译:你越小心越好。 英语说的cannot…too,意为“就算再……也不过分”或“越……越好”,其中的can表示可能性,too有over之意,可以换用enough或sufficient等字样。同时,在not的位置换用其他的否定词,如hardly,scarcely等也是可以的。因此下面5句话的意思同上面这句话的意思是完全一样的。 You cannot be over careful. You cannot be careful enough. You cannot be sufficiently careful. You cannot take enough care. You cannot take sufficient care. 2.It is a good horse that never stumbles. 误译:从不失蹄的马才是好马。 正译:再好的马也有失蹄的时候。 这个句子属于“It be adjective noun that…”句型。该句型多出现在一些谚语中, 在某些情况下,这种句型需要从反面解释。 更多的例子:It is a long lane that has no turning.再长的胡同也有拐弯。(意思是:凡事总有变化,不会永远不变。) 3.He must be a fool if he does not know what I mean. 误译:如果他不懂我的意思,他肯定是个傻瓜。 正译:他就是再傻也会懂得我的意思。 4.She study no harder than me. 误译:她学习不如我努力。 正译:她和我学习都不努力。 在一些no(not) adj.比较级的句子里,意思是肯定的。 更多的例子:I couldn?t agree with you more .我非常同意你的观点。 5.I never got no sleep in those days. 误译:那些日子我从来没有不睡觉。 正译:那些日子我怎么也睡不着。 英语和汉语一样,本来两个否定会成为一个肯定,但有时为了强调否定的语气,在通俗的口语中会有双重否定仍表否定的情况。 更多的例子:“I don’t know nothing about what’s waiting for me,”said Thrash.施腊希说:“我不知道我未来的命运如何。” 二、否定句并非都表示否定 (一)含有否定词not,no,nothing,never等或表示部分否定的词hardly,barely等的句子被称为否定句。英语的否定句表现形式多种多样,应用十分广泛,但形式上的否定并不等于意义上的否定,在很多情况下,形式上的否定句表达的却是肯定的含义,需注意这类句子的理解和译法。 1.not…until till直到……才,只有……才 People do not know the importance of friends until they lose them. 人们直到失去了才知道朋友的重要。 You can not learn anything till you get rid of your complacency. 只有去掉自满,你才能真正学点东西。 It was not until midnight that we went to bed. 直到半夜,我们才去睡觉。 2.not…long before 很快就,不久就 It wasn?t long before the conqured the country. 不久他们就征服了这个国家。 It won?t be long before we finish the work.我们很快就会干完这活儿。 It will not be long before they finish the work.他们很快就会干完活儿。 (二)否定表肯定 Cannot can never 和too, too much, enough, over 搭配表示“无论怎样……也不会过分,越……越好” This can?t be stressed too strongly.这一点怎么强调也不过分”。 While you are doing your homework, you can?t be careful enough. 你做作业的时候,越小心越好。 The development of society has made it necessary for us to have a good knowledge of Enghish, so we can?t over emphasize the importance of learning English. 1.某些疑问句、感叹句或否定祈使句的表达与回答 例如:---You haven?t been to Quanzhou, have you? ---No, I haven?t. 是的,我没有去过。 比较:---Yes, I have. 不,我有去过。 又如:---Lovely day today, isn?t it? ---Yes, isn?t it? (降调) 是啊,真好。 Isn?t that beautiful! (感叹) 多么美丽呀! 再如:Won?t you have some beer? =Why not have some beer? (邀请)请喝点啤酒吧! ---Take care and don?t eat any more fish. ---I won?t. 好的,我不会再吃的。

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