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高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义(17)before、after引导的时间状语从句的用法知识点整理总结

高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义(17)before、after引导的时间状语从句的用法知识点整理总结
高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义(17)before、after引导的时间状语从句的用法知识点整理总结

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今天我们继续学习时间状语从句的引导词before和after。二者的时态问题是困扰很多同学的难点,今天我就重点来谈谈。

01 before/after用法概述

b e f o re/af te r引导时间状语从句,表示主从句的时间顺序:“在…之前”或“在…之后”。二者时态主要有以下2种情况:

主将从现

01

当主句是一般将来时(或祈使句、含有情态动词的句子)时,从句一般用现在时(一般现在/现在进行/现在完成)。这种主从句时态关系一般称为“主将从现”。

如:

It won't be long before we meet again.

我们后会有期!

He will be a teacher after he graduates from college.

他大学毕业后将去做教师。

主过从过

02

当主句和从句的动作都是过去,且二者发生时间相同或前后差别不大时,主从句都用一般过去时;如果要强调一个在另一个之前,那么就要用过去完成时(也即两个过去)。

如(仅以before举例,after例子见后):

He worked in Beijing before he came here.

他来这里之前在北京工作!

He had studied Chinese for one year before he came to China.

他来中国之前学了一年中文。

02 before的用法

before除了基本的表示“在…之前”的意思外,还能表示以下几种意思:

表示“还未…就…”,主从都用一般过去时

这种情况下,before强调主句动作较从句动作发生的过早或过快。但时间相差不大,因此主从句都用一般过去时。

He called me up at midnight but hung up before I could answer it.

我还未来得及接电话,他就给挂了。

表示“…才…”,主从都用一般过去时

这种情况下,before表示从句动作较主句动作发生的过慢或过晚。但时间相差不大,因此主从句都用一般过去时。

The bus drove away before I could catch it.

我还没赶到,大巴就开走了。

表示“以免……”,用“主将从现”

这种情况下,主句除了可以用将来时,还可以用祈使句、情态动词等。

You'd better learn some English before you go to the U.S.

你去美国之前,最好学点英语。

表示“宁可……”,用“主将从现”

这种情况下,主句除了可以用将来时,还可以用祈使句、情态动词等。

I would die before I seek help from him.

我宁死也不找他帮忙

03 after的用法

a f te r的用法比较简单,如果是现在或将来的动作,用“主将从现;如果是过去的动作,则要根据情况判断是要用一般过去时还是过去完成时。

一般情况下主从动作时间接连发生,不强调先后顺序时,都用一般过去时(一过)。

如果说话者强调一个动作发生在另一个之前,则最早发生的用过去完成时(二过),另一个用“一过”。

如:

a.主将从现

I wi l l l e t y o u kn o w th e re su l t af te r we h a v e re vi e we d al l y o u r do cu m e n t s.

我们审核资料之后,会告诉你结果。

b.主从均一过

A f l o c k o f p i ge o n s f l e w o u t o f th e ca v e a f t e r w e e n te re d i t.

我们一进那个山洞,就有一群鸽子飞了出来。

c. “一过+二过”

After we had finished the homework, we headed home.

完成作业之后,我们才往家走。

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1

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