It及其它代词得常用句型在高中阶段得英语学习中，物主代词It虽然瞧似简单易学，但就是如果忽视对它得学习，不注意归纳总结，势必会影响整体能力得提高。现将It得常用句型归纳如下：
1、It 表时间、距离、天气等
(情景用法)：It 表示时间、距离、天气等时，可以与start 与get (变得)连用，来表示天气得变化。Start 后面多用形容原级，而get 后面多用形容词得比较级。如：It will get cooler、(天气会变冷。)It will start humid and cold、(天气开始变得潮湿寒冷、)It 作为代词，有时可以指代自然环境，有时可以指代一个彼此都知其所指得东西。Where does it hurt? （哪儿疼啊？)
How far is it from here?(那个地方离这儿有多远？)
It is about 3 hours ‘ride、(开车大约需要三小时。)
It will be ok/all right/fine、（没问题。）
2、Who is it? （谁啊？）
（情景用法）：在英语中，it在如下集中情况中可以指代人：当听到有人敲门时，就要问Who is it?(谁啊？)另外it 还
可用来指代婴儿，以及走在黑暗出得身影等，如：The baby opened its eyes、接听电话时，会问对方：Who ‘s that?回答则就是:This is John Smith speaking、这里要注意区分that, his以及it在不同场合下得不同使用。
基本句型：
Eg、——Who is it?(After hearing the knock at the door、)(谁啊？)
——It’s me, J ohn Smith、(就是我，约翰·史密斯)
Eg、Look at the baby! It is so cute、(快瞧这个婴儿，真可爱啊!)
进阶句型：
Eg、I hate it when people talk with their mouth full、
Eg、We all take it for granted that heavy objects fall faster than light ones、
3、It is +形容词+动名词/不定式
在这个It is +形容词+动名词/不定式句型中，it 就是形式主语，真正得主语就是后面得动名词或不定式，这要瞧习惯用法，多数情况下用不定式还就是用动名词在意思上没有
太大得区别，如果在形容词后直接跟不定式，就表示“对于……（人）来说”如：It is easy for me to understand it、(对我来讲理解这个很容易。)
Eg、It isn’t easy being a teenager、
Eg、It is difficult being parent、
Eg、I t’s a very popular play and it would be wiser to book seats in advance、
(in advance 得意思就是“提前，事先”;book/reserve 表示“预定座位、机票等。)
4、It is +形容词比较级+不定式
情景用法：这个句型表示“做什么……更什么些“，这里得it 就是形式主语。如果要表示更为强烈得对比，还可以在比较级前加上表示程度得词，如much 等。但要注意，如果形容词得原形就是个多音节词，如beautiful, difficult, interesting, 等，此句型就会写成It is much more beautiful /difficult/int eresting to ……此外，此外，如果此句式做了I think 得宾语，is还可以省略。其结构为I think it more difficult to find a good job now、(我认为现在要找到一份好得工作难多了。)
Eg、Maybe it would be better to stay here and relax for a while、
Eg、It is easier to do shopping now、
Eg、It is more difficult to make real friends now、
5、It is +名词+不定式
情景用法：这里得名词多为抽象名词，常见得此类名词有：fun,pity,pleasure,honor等。如表示对对方得宴请，或邀请某人到某地发言，就可以说It is my great honor to talk to all of you、(能够与您们交谈我真就是太荣幸了。)
基本句型：
Eg、It is fun to talk with him、(与她交谈很快乐。)
Eg、It is my great honor to know all of you here、(与这里得各位结识真就是我莫大得荣幸。)
Eg、It is a pleasure to have been working with you for all these days、(这些天与各位在一起工作真得使我很开心。) 进阶句型：
Eg、My father thought it a pity to leave home so early every day、(
Eg、I find it a must to learn English well、(此处就是名词得用法)（我认为学好英语势在必行。）
6、It is one’s turn to do sth、、(轮到某人做某事。)
Take turns to do sth、
Take turns at doing sth、（轮流做某事。）
有时还可使用in turns 或by turns 来做副词。
基本句型：
Eg、Whose turn it to speak?(该轮到谁讲话了？)
Eg、It is my turn to tell a story today、
Eg、I think it should be his turn to do the cleaning、
进阶句型：
Eg、Two drivers drive the car by turns、
Eg、We take turns to make the supper、
Eg、There were 12 of us in the boat and we rowed by turns、
7、I feel/think it +形容词+不定式
在这个句型中,it 就是形式宾语，真正得宾语就是后面得不定式或动名词。
判断下列那一句就是复合句，那一句就是简单句。
I think it wrong to tell lies、(简单句)
I think it is wrong to tell lies、(复合句)it 就是宾语从句得形式主语，真正得主语就是后面得不定式。）
基本句型：
Eg、I think it easy to make friends with those foreigners、
Eg、I find it difficult to understand the text without the help of the teacher、
Eg、I find it hard to learn English well、
进阶句型：
Eg、I feel it our duty to help the old、
Eg、I feel it my duty to let you know about this、
At one time 表示“一次”
At times表示“多次”
At a time 表示“曾经”
8、It is nice of +sb + to do…
It is difficult for sb +to do…
这两个结构中，it 都就是形式主语，真正得主语就是后面得不定式。
For sb ：“对与某人来说”
Of sb：somebody 可以用of之前得形容词来修饰。
如：It is nice of you to come here and meet me、。这句话不仅表示to come here and meet me is nice(来这儿瞧我太好了)，而且还表示you are nice、(您太好了。)
基本句型：
Eg、It is very kid of you to help me to work out such a big problem、
(您帮我解决了这样一个大问题，您实在就是太好了。)
Eg、It is really hard for me to follow the new teacher、
(对我来说听得懂新老师得课真得很难。)
Eg、It is easy for me to get to know the new comer、
（对我来说结识新来得不就是什么难事。）
进阶句型：
Eg、Is that necessary for you to leave that early?
(对您来说那么早就动身有必要吗？)that 在此处就是副词用法，意为“那么，那样”。
Eg、It is so nice of you to give me a hand that I will treasure it all the time,(您真就是太好了帮了我大忙，我会永远此记忆珍藏。)
9、It takes +sb +时间+to do sth
花某人……(时间)做某事
It 在此句型中得用法仍然就是形式主语，真正得主语就是后面得不定式。Take 做“花费”讲时得主语一般就是“物或某项工程”。
基本句型：
Eg、It didn’t take Jenny very long to figure out the situation、(詹尼没花多长时间就分析出了当前得形势。)
Eg、That night it take him a long while to sleep、(那一晚，她花了很久才得以入睡。)
进阶句型：
Eg、It takes a brave men to do that、(只有勇敢得人才能那样做。)
Eg、Tuning the pinao took him three hours、(钢琴调音花了她三个小时得时间。)
Eg writing books must take a great deal of time、(写书一定要花费大量时间。)
10、It is no using doing……
(做……就是无用得)
Eg、It is no good /harm doing……(分别表示“做……不好/无害”、good 就是名词用法。
Eg、I see that it is hopeless arguing about it、(我知道就此事争吵下去就是枉为。)
基本句型：
Eg、I think it no use /good talking about it any more、(我认为再谈论下去也就是枉然。)
Eg、It is no good waiting this morning、
Eg、It is no good complaining a lot、
进阶句型：
Eg、Do you think it worth while quarreling with me?(您认为与我继续争吵下去值得吗？)
It is a wonder seeing you here、
(在这里瞧见您真就是不可思议啊！)
11、It is no good to do……（做……就是不好得。）
（形式主语）（good就是adj、令人满意得）（to do就是真正得主语)
基本句型：
Eg、I think it is no good to be alone all the time、（独自一人）
Eg、It is not useful to talk and talk without doing anything、
(老就是说教而不去着手做事没有什么用。)
Eg、It takes two to make a quarrel、(一个巴掌拍不响。)
进阶句型：
Eg What harm can it do to give them advice? (给她们些建议回带来什么害处吗？)
Eg, It is not his habit to ask people for things、(跟别人索要什么不就是她得习惯/风格、)
Eg It was quite beyond me to help them、（帮助她们就是我得能力所达不到得。）
12、take it for granted+ that……
(形式宾语) （做真正得宾语）
意思就是：想当然地认为……，认为……就是理所当然得。
Granted 就是固定用法
Grant 在美式英语中既可以就是动词，也可以就是名词。表示“同意给予，答应请求”等。
如：I can’t grant your request、(我不能答应您打请求。)
基本句型：
Eg、We should not always take everything for granted、(我们不能把一切事情都视为就是理所当然得。)
Eg、We turn to take it for granted that everything sand by the media is true、(我们有种倾向：认为只要就是媒体得报道就就是真实得。)
13、It seems that ……（好像……）
此句型得意思就是：“瞧上去，似乎，好像”有时可以等同于It looks as if ……或It seems as if ……
E、g It seems as if there will be an election soon、(瞧情形似乎不久就会有选举了。)
___so it seems、（好象如此。）
Eg、——It would seem that there is no way out of our difficulty、=It seems that there is no way out of our difficulty、(瞧样子我们无法脱离困境。)
———I agree、It seems not、(我同意您得瞧法，似乎没有。)
基本句型：
Eg、It seems to the little girl that she was sitting by a large iron stove、(在卖火柴得小女孩瞧来，她好像坐在一个大火炉上。) to sb 表示“在某人瞧来。
Eg、It sounds as if it is raining、”(听上去好像就是在下雨。)
Eg、It seems yhat you object to the plan、(好像您反对此项计划。)
进阶句型：
Eg、Nothing seems difficult if we try our best、(世上无难事，只怕有心人。)
Eg、How wild his white hair looked as if it had been electrified!(她凌乱得头发瞧上去真像遭了电击似得！) Eg、The boy looked about as if in search of someyhing、
It的特殊句型 一、高考真题 1． (他突然想到) that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.( occur)（11高考78题） 【答案】It occurred to him 【解析】本题考察的是occur引导的句型”it occurs to sb。that（某人突然想到）“根据后面的动词提示”had“，故要用一般过去时. 2.During his last lecture, the scientist_________ (觉得) easier to explain the theory to those with some background knowledge.(find)(09高考73题) 【答案】found it/ found （that）it was ks5u 【解析】考查句型结构。根据提示词find及后面的形容词easier可知此处可使用find it + adj.的结构，it后加be动词变做宾语从句也对，此句时态为一般过去时。 34. _______ _ (我花了) one thousand dollars to buy the painting last week. (cost) (08高考34题) 【答案】It cost me 【解析】考点：it做形式主语（特殊句式）关键词：It cost（★It不用不给分，cost写成co sted 扣0.5分）结构部分：It cost somebody how much money to do something 其它部分：me 二、考点分析 1. It is + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It is your efforts, not your intelligence, __________(决定) your success. (determine ) It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 2. It is not until + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到…才…＂，可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，肯定）＂是主语从句最常见的一种结构。It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported, learned，believed....) that ... 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉…）＂。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 6. It is suggested (ordered ... ) that ...
“There be句型”详解 There be 句型 1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。 2. 结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语. there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。 eg. ①There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 ②There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。 ③There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。 1）.There be句型与have的区别 首先，从含义上说，There be表达的是“某地有某物”。 如，There is a tree in front of the house。房子前有一棵树。 而have讲的是“某人/某物拥有……”即指出的是宾语的所有者。 如：I have an interesting book。我有一本有趣的书。 The chair has three legs。这把椅子有三条腿。 其次，从直观上对比不难发现，一般There be句型直接置于句首，而have前面要有主语。这是因为There be句型是一个倒装句型，主语在be动词后。 2.）There be句型的就近原则 There be句型的就近原则也是主谓一致语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复数决定。 如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk。 在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is。 3）.There be句型的否定和疑问 There be句型的疑问句是把题目中具体的be动词形式提前，否定是在be动词后加not。但是一般后面的名词前有a或any，那么此时not any或not a可以转化为no。 如：There isn’t a book in the bag.=There is no book in the bag。 关于There be句型的反意疑问句需要特殊说明的是，后面的疑问部分要用使用句型原貌，不能将there改成it或其他代词。 如：There was a meeting yesterday, wasn’t there?不能写成wasn’t it。 4）.There be句型的时态 There be句型的时态根据时间状语和就近原则分别为： 一般现在时There is/are 一般过去时There was/were 一般将来时There is going to be/There will be 还有There used to be；There must/may/can be等形式。其中，一般将来时的形式在初中考试中常出现。
It作形式主语常见句型 1.It + be +形容词+ that-从句 可用于此句型的形容词有: wonderful, true，good，right，wrong，（un）important，useless，surprising，disturbing,frightening,alarming,clear，unusual，lucky，certain, necessary等。如： ①It is quite certain that he will be at the meeting.他将出席会议是无疑的。 ②It is surprising that he came late to school this morning.他今天早上迟到真令人惊讶。 ③It is important that we (should) study hard.我们努力学习是很重要的。 注意: 该句型中的形容词是（un）important, necessary等时，从句应为(should )+动词原形。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) rember these words. 2.It + be +名词+ that-从句 适用该句型的名词（词组）有: a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，a question,a shame,a custom, a truth,our hope, no wonder, good/bad manners等。如： ①It is a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week.你错过了上周的运动会太可惜了。 ②It is a fact that Engl ish is being accepted as an international language.事实上英语已经被作为一种国际语言而接受了。
?Never be afraid of grammar ?Collect some examples; ?Watch them very carefully; ?Find out something in common; ?Try to use the rules ---- practise. it用法完全归纳 一、it 作人称代词的用法 1.指事物 作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?”“It’s in the bedroom. ”“狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2.指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’s me。
3.代替某些代词 代词it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。如： “What’s this?”“It’s a new machine. ”“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1.基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如： It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2.用于某些句型 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。 It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”) It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)
it开头的惯用句型 【疑难点津】it常放在句子开头，作某些惯用或固定句型的主语。常见句型有： 1.“it+be+特定动词的过去分词+that从句”。这样的过去分词有：said, reported, believed, known, decided, proved, thought, arranged等。如： It is said that my German teacher often goes to Germany to do research.据说我的德语老师 经常去德国做研究。 2. “it +特定动词+ that从句”。这样的特定动词有：appear, happen, occur, seem等。如： It never occurred to me that I would travel to America.我从没想过我会去美国旅行。 3. “it +特定动词+ as if从句”。这样的特定动词有：appear, seem等。如： It appears as if you are very tired.看起来你好像很累。 4. “it has been/is +一段时间+ since从句”。从句中谓语用短暂性动词时表示“自从该动词动作发生以来有一段时间了”；用持续性动词时表示“自从该动作结束以来有一段时间了”。试比较： It is six years since I began to work here.自从我在这儿工作以来已经有六年了。 It has been six years since I worked here.我不在这儿工作已经有六年了。 5. “it +be+一段时间+ before从句”。从句中谓语用短暂性动词；主句中be动词可以用肯定式或否定式，其时态可以是一般过去时或一般将来时。常译为“……才……”或“……就……”。如： It won’t be a long time before we finish cooking.不久我们就会把饭做好。 It was four days before they found the lost child.过了四天他们才找到那个失踪的孩子。 6. “it is (high) time + that从句”。表示“到了某人该做某事的时间了”，从句谓语要用一般过去时，也可用should do的形式。另外“it is (high) time for sb. to do sth”,也表示同样的意思。如： It is high time that I went to see my mother in the hospital.到了我去医院看妈妈的时间了。 It is time for you to do your homework.到你做家庭作业的时间了。 7. “it is/was +强调内容+ that/who从句”。这是一个强调句型，强调的内容是事物或是指人的宾语时，常用that引导从句；强调的内容是指人的主语时通常用who引导从句。如：It is in the street that I came across Mr. Li.是在街上我碰到了李先生。 It was my friend who picked me up at the station. 是我朋友在车站接上我的。 【考题链接】 was in 1979 I graduated from the university. (1998上海卷) A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when When you are old and grey and full of sleep, And nodding by the fire, take down this book,
There be 句型用法总结 There be 结构是英语中陈述事物客观存的常用句型，表示“有”，其确切含义是“存在”there 作为引导词，本身没有意义，用动词be的某些形式作为谓语动词，它的主语是用一些表示泛指或不定特指的名词词组，动词be和 主语的数必须一致。句子最后通常为表示地点和时间的状语。因此要表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用“There be + 名词+ 地点（时间）这一句型。例如： There is a great Italian deli across the street. 穿过街道，有一家大的意大利熟食店。There are some students in the dormitory. 在宿舍里有一些学生。 一、There be 结构中的主谓一致 1.当动词be后所接的名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词时，be 应该取单数is；当其后所接的名词是复数的可数名词时，be用复数are。 There's a man at the door.门口有个人。 There is some apple juice in the bottle. 瓶子里有些苹果汁。 There are some strangers in the street.大街上有一些陌生人。 2.如果There be 后面是几个并列名词做主语时，动词be的形式和最靠近它的那个名词保持数的一致。 There is an ashtray and two bottles on the shelf. 架子上有一只烟灰缸和两个瓶子。There are two bottles and an ashtray on the shelf. 架子上有两个瓶子和一个烟灰缸。 二、There be 结构中的时态 1.There be 句型中动词be可以有一般现在时、一般过去时、将来时和完成时。 There is no harm in trying.不妨一试。 There were fabulous wildflowers in the hills last spring. 去年春天，山中有极美的野花。There will be a fine day tomorrow. 明天将是一个晴天。 There have been several private schools in our area this year. 今年，我们这里已经有好几所私立学校了。 2.There be 句型可以和各种助动词、情态动词连用。 There may be a cigarette in that box. 那只盒子里或许有支香烟。 There must be some cakes on the table. 桌子上一定有些蛋糕。 There used to be a hospital there before the war. 战前，那里曾经有家医院。 3.There be 句型也可以和这样一些的谓语动词连用：be going to 、seem to 、appear to 、used to、be likely to 、happen to …. There seem to be a few trees between me and the green. 在我与草坪之间好像有一些树。 There is gong to be a meeting tonight. 今天晚上有个会议。 There is likely to be a storm 可能有一场暴雨。 There happened to be a bus nearby. 碰巧附近有辆公交车。 There appears to have been a nasty accident. 似乎发生了一起严重事故。 4.there be 结构中除可以用be 外，还可以用其它动词。例如： There came a scent of lime-blossom. 飘来一阵菩提树的花香。 Once upon a time there lived a king in China. 从前中国有一个国王。
“It”作形式主语的几大基本句型 2011-06-07 22:27:53| 分类：语法归纳| 标签：|字号大中小订阅 ◇It’s +形容词/名词+that +从句 It is necessary that you train yourself before the walk. It is important that you have your own support team. It was a pity that he lost the game. It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. ◇It’s +形容词+(for sb) +to do sth It is difficult to walk through eight country parks. It is useful to have support teams. It is important for him to finish it in ten hours. It is necessary for people to learn team spirit. 特别提醒： ☆该句型的否定结构为It’s +形容词+(for sb) +not +to do sth It is very important not to give them too much food. (7B 100) It is very polite not to speak loudly in public. ☆该句型有时可以与It is + adj. + that从句的句型互换使用，意思不变。如：It is necessary for you to train yourself before the walk. = It is necessary that you will train yourself before the walk. ◇It’s +名词+to do sth It’s everyone’s duty to obey the law. It is not a good habit to stay up too late. As a student, it is bad manners to come late to class. It is my turn to clean the blackboard.
it用法及句型归纳 it为人称代词，主格与宾格同形。该词用法灵活，下面帮助同学们作以归纳。 一、可用来代替指示代词this或that。例如： —What's this/that? 这/那是什么？ —It's a ruler. 这/那是尺子。 二、表示时间、距离、天气、数字等。例如： 1. —What's the time?几点了？ —It's ten to ten. 九点五十。 2. —What's one plus two? 一加二等于几？ —It's three. 等于三。 三、用来代替前面提到的人或物。例如： This is my pen. Give it to me, please. 这是我的钢笔，请把它给我。 四、指心目中或上下文中所指的人或物。例如： 1. —Who's that over there? 那边的人是谁？ —Is it Bill? 是比尔吗？ 2. Miss Gao has a computer. It's new. 高老师有一台电脑，它是新的。 五、指身份不明、性别不详的人或者指照片中的人。例如： —What's the baby in the picture?照片中的那个婴儿是谁？ —It's me. 是我。 六、在电话用语中，可用it来指代对方或者自己。例如： —Hello! Who's it? 喂，你是哪位？ —It's Jim. 我是吉姆。
在初中英语教材中，出现了许多由it引导的固定句式，现归纳如下： 一、It's time for sb. to do sth. / It's time for sth.意为"是(某人)该干……的时间了"、"到……的时候了"。例如： 1. It's time for supper ／to have supper.该吃晚饭了。 2. It's time for me to study.我该学习了。 二、It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.意为"(某人)花……时间做某事"。例如： 1. It takes twenty minutes to go to school by bike. 骑自行车上学要花二十分钟的时间。 2. It took me a week to finish reading the book. 我花了一周时间读完这本书。 三、It is one's turn to do sth.意为"轮到某人做某事了"。例如： It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow. 明天轮到你值日了。 四、It is ／has been ＋时间段＋since ＋一般过去时，意为"自从……以来已过了……(时间)。" 例如： 1. It is / has been four days since I caught a cold. 我感冒已四天了。 2. It is / has been two weeks since we met last. 自从我们上次见面以来已过了两周。 五、It seems ／seemed ＋that从句，意为"看起来好像……"。例如： It seemed that our team was going to win. 我们队看起来好像要赢了。 六、It's＋表语＋to do sth.。例如： It's a good idea to go out for a walk. 出去散步是个好主意。 七、It's ＋adj.＋that从句。例如： It's true that I may fall behind the other students.我真可能落在别的学生后面。 八、It's＋adj.＋of(for)sb.＋to do sth.。对于这个句型究竟用of还是用for，主要取决于前面的形容词。如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质等的，如kind，good，nice，clever 等用of；如果形容词仅仅是描述行为的则用for，这类形容词常见的有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等。例如：
it的用法及强调句型 it的用法 一、it作指示代词【完成句子】用one，ones，it，that，those填空 (1) — I can't find my watch. —You haven't found ______？If you want to buy a new ______，I suggest you buy ______ made in China. (2) We've got a big cup and two small ______. (3) The weight of an elephant is much greater than ______ of a tiger. (4) The books on the first shelf are easier than ______ on the second shelf. (5) The boy told his story and ______ of the girl upstairs. 【答案】(1) it; one; one (2) ones(3) that (4) those / the ones (5) that / the one 【结论1】 ①指代上文提过的事物时，it指的是同名同物，相当于the＋名词； ②one指的是同名异物，表示单数可数名词相当于a ＋名词；a / an＋形容词＋one等于a / an＋形容词＋名词；复数形式用ones； ③that后面常有后置定语，有特指意义，代替不可数名词或单数可数名词，相当于the＋ 名词； ④复数名词用those，相当于the ones。 【例句观察】— Someone is knocking at the door. Who is it? — It must be Leo. He said he'd come to see me. 【结论2】it指代人时，常指小孩或身份不明的人。 【例句观察】It's too quiet in the room. Everyone just keeps silent. 【结论2】it可用以指代环境或情况。 (6)— What time is it now? — It's half past seven. (7)— It is spring now and it's warm these days. 【结论3】it可用以指代时间、季节、天气或距离。 【注意】it指代时间时，有如下一些句型： (1) It is time for sth. (for sb.)to do sth. / that－从句(should do / did, 必须用虚拟语气) 例：① It's time for lunch. ② It's time for us to clean the house. ③ It's time that we should clean the house. ＝It's time that we cleaned the house. (2) It is / has been ＋some time ＋since－从句(从句用一般过去时) It is 10 years since I graduated from college. (3) It / This/That is the first / second time that－从句(必须使用现在完成时)这是某人 第……次做了某事。 It / This/That was the first / second time that－从句(必须使用过去完成时) 例：①It is the second time that she has visited the Great Wall. ②This was the first time that I had come late to school. (4) It was ＋时间点＋when －从句 例：It was evening when we got home. ＝It was evening in which we got home. (5) It was / will be ＋some time ＋before －从句 例：①过了5年他们才从北大毕业。 It was five years before they finally graduated from Beijing University. ②不久，我们就要从我们学校毕业了。 It won't be long before we graduate from our school. 二、it作形式主语 1.代替主语从句 ①It is clear ( obvious，true，possible certain....) that ..... “清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）” ②. It is important ( necessary，right，strange，natural...) that ... that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well.
常用 it 作形式主语的句型结构 ?It + be +形容词+ that-从句 可用于此句型的形容词有 : wonderful, true，good，right，wrong，(un)important ，useless，surprising， clear, unusual, lucky, certain, necessary等。女口： ①It isquite certain that hewill be at the meeting. ②It is surprising that he came late to school this morning. ③It isimportant that we(should) study hard 注意：该句型中的形容词是(un) important, necessary等时，从句应为(should )+动词原形。 ?It + be + -ed 分词 + that-从句 适用该句型的过去分词主要有：said,reported, announced,hoped,thought, told, believed, expected, decided, suggested,known 等。如： ①It ishoped thatonedaytheywill haveenoughanimalsto setthem free ②It is well known that the earth goes around the sun. ③It is suggested that the sports meeting (should ) be put off until next week. 注意：该句型的过去分词是suggested时，从句应为(should )+动词原形。 ?It + be + 名词 + that-从句 适用该句型的名词 (词组) 有：apity, anhonor, agood thing, afact, asurprise, goodnews, one's duty 等。如： ① It isapity (that)you missedthesportsmeetinglastweek. ② It isafactthatEnglish isbeingacceptedasaninternational language. ?It ＋seem／ appear／ happen 的适当形式＋ that 从句。该句型常可以转换成含不定式的简单句。如： ①It seemsthat thereisabig wastepipecomingdown from the town. T There seemsto be a big waste pipe coming down from the town. ②He appearedto becalm,but insidehisheartwasbeatingwildly with fear. t It appearedthathewascalm,butinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildly with fear. ?It does n't matter ( It 'no won der; It does n 'make much differe nee 等) ＋ when/ where/ which/ whether 等从句。如： ①Does it matterif hecan'tfinish thejob ontime? ②Theyareallclassmates. It isnowonder they should help eachother with their studies. ?It + be+ adj./ n. (for sb./ ofsb.)+ todosth. 该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或特征的如 difficult , hard, easy, impossible, necessary, important 等,此时用 fo r ；或表示人的性格特征或特点的如nice, good, bad, kind, silly, foolish, wise, clever, careless, rude, brave, cruel, careful, grateful等，这时要用 of。如： ① It is foolish of you to give up such a good chance. ② It is necessary for college students to master at least a foreign language It 作形式主语常见句型 动词不定式，动名词或主语从句作主语时，通常把它们放在谓语动词前，而用 it 作形式主语，放到句首，常见句型有：
t h e r e b e句型一、there be句型：? 表示存在，即：“某处有某物（或人）”或“某时有某事”。 句型基本结构：? There is + 可数名词单数或不可数名词+ 时间或地点。 There are + 可数名词复数+ 地点 1、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最接近be 动词的那个名词决定。?例如： （1）There is a pen on the desk . (2)There are two books on the desk. (3)There is a pen and two books on the desk. (4)There are two books and a pen on the desk. 2、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。例如： （1）否定句：There is not a box on the table. 疑问句：Is there a cat in the room? (2)?否定句：there are not any oranges in the box. 疑问句：Are there any oranges in the box? 3、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。?例如： （1）There are some rulers in the pencil-box. (2)There are not any rulers in the pencil-box.
T h e r e b e句型语法讲解therebe结构主要用以表达"某处(某时)有某人(某物)",其基本句型为"Therebe+某物或某人+某地或某时",其中there是引导词,没 有;be是谓语动词;"某人或某物"是句子的主语;"某地或某时"作句子的,多是。如: Thereisafootballunderthechair.椅子下面有。 引导语谓语动词主语介词短语(某地) Therebe结构中的be的确定 结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是或可数名词时用is,是时用are。如: Thereisaflowerinthebottle.瓶里有。Thereissomemoneyinthepurse.钱包里有些钱。 2.若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。如: Thereisaboy,agirlandtwowomeninthehouse. 房子里,和两个妇女。Therearetenstudentsandateacherintheoffice.办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。
另外,在中为了强调地点,也可将介词短语提置句首。如: Inthetreetherearefivebirds.树上有五只鸟。 :Therebe结构的句型转换 1.否定句:therebe的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在中be时常与not)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。如: Therearesomechildreninthepicture.→Therearen'tanychildren inthepicture. 2.一般疑问句及其:把be提到there前,首大写,句末用问号即可。 其肯定答语是Yes,thereis/are;否定答语为No,thereisn't/aren't。如: -Aretheretwocatsinthetree？ -Yes,thereare.(No,therearen't.) 3.特殊疑问句及其回答:①提问句子的主语(包括主语前的)时,句型 一律用"whatis+地点介词短语"(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。如: Therearesomebirdsinthetree.→What'sinthetree？ ②就therebe后面的进行提问时,句型用"whereis/are+主语"如: Thereisacarinthestreet.→Whereisthecar？
期末专题练习——It的用法、There be句型 ［教学内容］ 第一部分It 的用法 概说：It是个非常简单的单词,但其用法却很灵活。 一、指代作用。It作句子的主语。 （一）It指前面已经提到过的人或事物。 1. What’s this? —It’s a chair. 2. Who is it? —It’s me. 提示：it代替上文提及的原物(复数用they)； one指代上文提及的、泛指的可数名词单数（复数ones）； that指代上文提及的定指的可数名词单数或不可数名词（复数those）。 （二）It指时间、季节。虚义。 1. What time is it? —It’s nine. 2. It’s time to go to school. Let’s go. 3. What day is today? —It’s Saturday. 4. What is the date today? —It is Oct. 1st. 5. What season is it? —It is summer. （三）It指气候。虚义。 1. It is cold in this room. 这个房间很冷。 2. What’s the weather like today? —It’s fine. 今天天气怎么样？天气很好。 3. It often snows in winter in Harbin. 哈尔滨的冬天经常下雪。 （四）It指距离、情况等。虚义。 1. It is five kilometers from my home to the school. 从我家到学校有五千米。 2. It is very near from this shop to that. 从这个商店到那个商店很近。 3. It is a long way to the sea. 这离海很远。 4. Is it well with you? 你身体好吗？ 二、It作形式主语。 动词不定式、动名词短语、从句在整个句中起主语作用，而这一部分用词较多，因此