it开头的惯用句型
【疑难点津】it常放在句子开头，作某些惯用或固定句型的主语。常见句型有：
1.“it+be+特定动词的过去分词+that从句”。这样的过去分词有：said, reported, believed, known, decided, proved, thought, arranged等。如：
It is said that my German teacher often goes to Germany to do research.据说我的德语老师
经常去德国做研究。
2. “it +特定动词+ that从句”。这样的特定动词有：appear, happen, occur, seem等。如：
It never occurred to me that I would travel to America.我从没想过我会去美国旅行。
3. “it +特定动词+ as if从句”。这样的特定动词有：appear, seem等。如：
It appears as if you are very tired.看起来你好像很累。
4. “it has been/is +一段时间+ since从句”。从句中谓语用短暂性动词时表示“自从该动词动作发生以来有一段时间了”；用持续性动词时表示“自从该动作结束以来有一段时间了”。试比较：
It is six years since I began to work here.自从我在这儿工作以来已经有六年了。
It has been six years since I worked here.我不在这儿工作已经有六年了。
5. “it +be+一段时间+ before从句”。从句中谓语用短暂性动词；主句中be动词可以用肯定式或否定式，其时态可以是一般过去时或一般将来时。常译为“……才……”或“……就……”。如：
It won’t be a long time before we finish cooking.不久我们就会把饭做好。
It was four days before they found the lost child.过了四天他们才找到那个失踪的孩子。
6. “it is (high) time + that从句”。表示“到了某人该做某事的时间了”，从句谓语要用一般过去时，也可用should do的形式。另外“it is (high) time for sb. to do sth”,也表示同样的意思。如：
It is high time that I went to see my mother in the hospital.到了我去医院看妈妈的时间了。
It is time for you to do your homework.到你做家庭作业的时间了。
7. “it is/was +强调内容+ that/who从句”。这是一个强调句型，强调的内容是事物或是指人的宾语时，常用that引导从句；强调的内容是指人的主语时通常用who引导从句。如：It is in the street that I came across Mr. Li.是在街上我碰到了李先生。
It was my friend who picked me up at the station. 是我朋友在车站接上我的。
【考题链接】
was in 1979 I graduated from the university. (1998上海卷)
A. That; that
B. It; that
C. That; when
D. It; when
When you are old and grey and full of sleep,
And nodding by the fire, take down this book,
And slowly read, and dream of the soft look
Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep; How many loved your moments of glad grace, And loved your beauty with love false or true,
But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you,
And loved the sorrows of your changing face; And bending down beside the glowing bars, Murmur, a little sadly, how love fled
And paced upon the mountains overhead
And hid his face amid a crowd of stars.
The furthest distance in the world
Is not between life and death
But when I stand in front of you
Yet you don't know that
I love you.
The furthest distance in the world
Is not when I stand in front of you
Yet you can't see my love
But when undoubtedly knowing the love from both
Yet cannot be together.
The furthest distance in the world
Is not being apart while being in love
But when I plainly cannot resist the yearning
Yet pretending you have never been in my heart. The furthest distance in the world
Is not struggling against the tides
But using one's indifferent heart
To dig an uncrossable river
For the one who loves you.
It的特殊句型 一、高考真题 1． (他突然想到) that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.( occur)（11高考78题） 【答案】It occurred to him 【解析】本题考察的是occur引导的句型”it occurs to sb。that（某人突然想到）“根据后面的动词提示”had“，故要用一般过去时. 2.During his last lecture, the scientist_________ (觉得) easier to explain the theory to those with some background knowledge.(find)(09高考73题) 【答案】found it/ found （that）it was ks5u 【解析】考查句型结构。根据提示词find及后面的形容词easier可知此处可使用find it + adj.的结构，it后加be动词变做宾语从句也对，此句时态为一般过去时。 34. _______ _ (我花了) one thousand dollars to buy the painting last week. (cost) (08高考34题) 【答案】It cost me 【解析】考点：it做形式主语（特殊句式）关键词：It cost（★It不用不给分，cost写成co sted 扣0.5分）结构部分：It cost somebody how much money to do something 其它部分：me 二、考点分析 1. It is + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It is your efforts, not your intelligence, __________(决定) your success. (determine ) It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 2. It is not until + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到…才…＂，可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，肯定）＂是主语从句最常见的一种结构。It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ... 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported, learned，believed....) that ... 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉…）＂。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 6. It is suggested (ordered ... ) that ...
It作形式主语常见句型 1.It + be +形容词+ that-从句 可用于此句型的形容词有: wonderful, true，good，right，wrong，（un）important，useless，surprising，disturbing,frightening,alarming,clear，unusual，lucky，certain, necessary等。如： ①It is quite certain that he will be at the meeting.他将出席会议是无疑的。 ②It is surprising that he came late to school this morning.他今天早上迟到真令人惊讶。 ③It is important that we (should) study hard.我们努力学习是很重要的。 注意: 该句型中的形容词是（un）important, necessary等时，从句应为(should )+动词原形。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) rember these words. 2.It + be +名词+ that-从句 适用该句型的名词（词组）有: a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，a question,a shame,a custom, a truth,our hope, no wonder, good/bad manners等。如： ①It is a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week.你错过了上周的运动会太可惜了。 ②It is a fact that Engl ish is being accepted as an international language.事实上英语已经被作为一种国际语言而接受了。
基本句型主谓结构 说明： 本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。如，The sun rises. 主语可有修饰语---定语，如，The red sun rises. 谓语可有修饰语---状语，如，The red sun rises in the east 翻译练习： 1.你应当努力学习。 2.她昨天回家很晚。 3.那天早上我们谈了很多。 4.会议将持续两个小时。 5.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 6.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。 7.19年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。8.每天八时开始上课。 9.这个盒子重五公斤。10.五年前我住在北京。 11.爱丽丝很会游泳。12.约翰的父亲昨晚去世了。 13.秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。14.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。 15.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。16.太阳在照耀着。 17.月亮升起了。18.宇宙长存。 19.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。20.管它呢？ 21.他所讲的没有什么关系。22.他们谈了半个小时。 23.这支笔书写流利。 基本句型主系表结构
说明： 本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。 系动词有 （1）表示特征和存在状态的be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound. （2）表示状态延续的remain, stay, keep, continue, stand. 翻译练习： 1.我的兄弟都是大学生。 2.冬季白天短，夜晚长。 3.布朗夫人看起来很健康。 4.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。 5.孩子们，请保持安静。 6.这本书是有关美国历史的书。 7.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。8.他失业了。 9.树叶已经变黄了。10.这个报告听起来很有意思。 11.这是本英汉辞典。12.午餐的气味很好。 13.他堕入了情网。14.一切看来都不同了。 15.他长得又高又壮16.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 17.我们井干枯了。18.他的脸红了。 12 基本句型主谓xx结构 （一） 说明：
?Never be afraid of grammar ?Collect some examples; ?Watch them very carefully; ?Find out something in common; ?Try to use the rules ---- practise. it用法完全归纳 一、it 作人称代词的用法 1.指事物 作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?”“It’s in the bedroom. ”“狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2.指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’s me。
3.代替某些代词 代词it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。如： “What’s this?”“It’s a new machine. ”“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1.基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如： It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2.用于某些句型 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。 It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”) It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)
“It”作形式主语的几大基本句型 2011-06-07 22:27:53| 分类：语法归纳| 标签：|字号大中小订阅 ◇It’s +形容词/名词+that +从句 It is necessary that you train yourself before the walk. It is important that you have your own support team. It was a pity that he lost the game. It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. ◇It’s +形容词+(for sb) +to do sth It is difficult to walk through eight country parks. It is useful to have support teams. It is important for him to finish it in ten hours. It is necessary for people to learn team spirit. 特别提醒： ☆该句型的否定结构为It’s +形容词+(for sb) +not +to do sth It is very important not to give them too much food. (7B 100) It is very polite not to speak loudly in public. ☆该句型有时可以与It is + adj. + that从句的句型互换使用，意思不变。如：It is necessary for you to train yourself before the walk. = It is necessary that you will train yourself before the walk. ◇It’s +名词+to do sth It’s everyone’s duty to obey the law. It is not a good habit to stay up too late. As a student, it is bad manners to come late to class. It is my turn to clean the blackboard.
it用法及句型归纳 it为人称代词，主格与宾格同形。该词用法灵活，下面帮助同学们作以归纳。 一、可用来代替指示代词this或that。例如： —What's this/that? 这/那是什么？ —It's a ruler. 这/那是尺子。 二、表示时间、距离、天气、数字等。例如： 1. —What's the time?几点了？ —It's ten to ten. 九点五十。 2. —What's one plus two? 一加二等于几？ —It's three. 等于三。 三、用来代替前面提到的人或物。例如： This is my pen. Give it to me, please. 这是我的钢笔，请把它给我。 四、指心目中或上下文中所指的人或物。例如： 1. —Who's that over there? 那边的人是谁？ —Is it Bill? 是比尔吗？ 2. Miss Gao has a computer. It's new. 高老师有一台电脑，它是新的。 五、指身份不明、性别不详的人或者指照片中的人。例如： —What's the baby in the picture?照片中的那个婴儿是谁？ —It's me. 是我。 六、在电话用语中，可用it来指代对方或者自己。例如： —Hello! Who's it? 喂，你是哪位？ —It's Jim. 我是吉姆。
在初中英语教材中，出现了许多由it引导的固定句式，现归纳如下： 一、It's time for sb. to do sth. / It's time for sth.意为"是(某人)该干……的时间了"、"到……的时候了"。例如： 1. It's time for supper ／to have supper.该吃晚饭了。 2. It's time for me to study.我该学习了。 二、It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.意为"(某人)花……时间做某事"。例如： 1. It takes twenty minutes to go to school by bike. 骑自行车上学要花二十分钟的时间。 2. It took me a week to finish reading the book. 我花了一周时间读完这本书。 三、It is one's turn to do sth.意为"轮到某人做某事了"。例如： It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow. 明天轮到你值日了。 四、It is ／has been ＋时间段＋since ＋一般过去时，意为"自从……以来已过了……(时间)。" 例如： 1. It is / has been four days since I caught a cold. 我感冒已四天了。 2. It is / has been two weeks since we met last. 自从我们上次见面以来已过了两周。 五、It seems ／seemed ＋that从句，意为"看起来好像……"。例如： It seemed that our team was going to win. 我们队看起来好像要赢了。 六、It's＋表语＋to do sth.。例如： It's a good idea to go out for a walk. 出去散步是个好主意。 七、It's ＋adj.＋that从句。例如： It's true that I may fall behind the other students.我真可能落在别的学生后面。 八、It's＋adj.＋of(for)sb.＋to do sth.。对于这个句型究竟用of还是用for，主要取决于前面的形容词。如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质等的，如kind，good，nice，clever 等用of；如果形容词仅仅是描述行为的则用for，这类形容词常见的有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等。例如：
高中英语基本句型天天练 （一）主谓结构 1.她昨天回家很晚。 2.会议将持续两个小时。 3.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 4.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生 5.1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。 6.这个盒子重五公斤。 7.秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。 8.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。 9.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。 （二）系表结构 1.冬季白天短，夜晚长。 2.布朗夫人看起来很健康。 3.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。 4.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。 5.他失业了。 6.树叶已经变黄了。 7.这个报告听起来很有意思。 （三）主谓宾结构 1.昨晚我写了一封信。
3.你们必须在两周内看完这些书。 4.Jim还不会自己穿衣服。 5.我们大家都相信Jack是一个诚实男孩。 6.他不知道说什么好。 7.我开窗户你在意吗？ 短语动词 1.他指出了我的作文中的错误。 2.圣诞节我们将去看望外籍教师。 3.五分钟内我们是不可能解出这道题来的。 4.他们高度赞扬了英雄的业迹。 5.这位护士会好好照顾你父亲的。 6.你在工作中可依靠他。 7.写完作文后，我们必须把它从头到尾看一遍。 8.脱掉你的外套，走前再穿。 9.我们必须派人去请医生。 （四）复合宾语结构 1.他的父母给他取名为John. 2.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 3.他们把门推开了。 4.我们要使学校变得更美丽。
6.明天我要找人来修理机器。 7.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 8.痛苦使得他叫喊起来。 9.我们不会让她在晚上外出的。 10.他每个月理一次发。 11.我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。 12.那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了。 13.她正在听人家讲故事。 14.我从来没看见这个字这样用过。 15.他感到很难跟你交谈。 16.我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。 17.学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。 18.我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。 （五）Therebe句型 1.今晚没有会。 2.这个村子过去只有一口井。 3.这个学校有一名音乐老师和两名美术老师。 4.客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。 5.天气预报说下午有大风。 6.灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。
It的用法及典型句型归纳 一、人称代词it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指刚提到的事物，想法，以避免重复;也可以指性别不明或性别被认为是不重要的人或动物；未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。 ①They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance. ②Is this your dog？No, it isn’t. ③I hate it when people talk with a full mouth.． 二、.非人称代词.it有时并不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等： It is a lovely day, isn’t it? // It was nearly midnight when she came back. It is April First today. // It is some 3000 kilometers from A to B. It is three dollars. // Today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、作形式主语，替代主语从句，动词不定式，或动名词短语 1.作形式主语替代主语从句 ⑴It is clear ( obvious，true，possible，certain....) that ＂┅清楚的（显然的，真的，可能的,肯定的．．．）＂ ⑵It is important ( necessary，right，strange，natural...) that + (should ) do (虚拟语气) ┅是重要的(必要的,对的,奇怪的,自然的┅) ⑶It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....) that = sb / sth is said (reported/ believed /thought…) to do( to be doing/ to have done) sth ＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。 ⑷It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded... ) that +(should ) do ＂据建议；有命令．． ⑸It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/... ) that that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 小练一下： It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = It is important that we (learn) English well. It is necessary that he (remember) these words. It is said that he has come to Beijing. = It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. = It is suggested that the meeting ( put off). It was ordered that we (arrive) there in two hours. It is a pity that such a thing ( happen) in your class. It is a pity that he (be) ill. 2.作形式主语替代不定式 . ⑴It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.= sb be kind to do sth.一般都是表示人的特性的形容词。如： bad /brave /careless/ clever /cruel / foolish / good （好心的）/ honest/ kind / lazy / modest/ naughty/ nice（有教养的）/polite/ rude / silly / stupid / wise ，等。 Eg. It is kind of you to give me a hand. = ⑵It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起。常见的形容词有： Important/ necessary/ natural/ easy / safe / common / normal / hard / difficult / dangerous/ unusual/ rare / impossible / pleasant Eg. It is important for her to come to the party.
it的用法及强调句型 it的用法 一、it作指示代词【完成句子】用one，ones，it，that，those填空 (1) — I can't find my watch. —You haven't found ______？If you want to buy a new ______，I suggest you buy ______ made in China. (2) We've got a big cup and two small ______. (3) The weight of an elephant is much greater than ______ of a tiger. (4) The books on the first shelf are easier than ______ on the second shelf. (5) The boy told his story and ______ of the girl upstairs. 【答案】(1) it; one; one (2) ones(3) that (4) those / the ones (5) that / the one 【结论1】 ①指代上文提过的事物时，it指的是同名同物，相当于the＋名词； ②one指的是同名异物，表示单数可数名词相当于a ＋名词；a / an＋形容词＋one等于a / an＋形容词＋名词；复数形式用ones； ③that后面常有后置定语，有特指意义，代替不可数名词或单数可数名词，相当于the＋ 名词； ④复数名词用those，相当于the ones。 【例句观察】— Someone is knocking at the door. Who is it? — It must be Leo. He said he'd come to see me. 【结论2】it指代人时，常指小孩或身份不明的人。 【例句观察】It's too quiet in the room. Everyone just keeps silent. 【结论2】it可用以指代环境或情况。 (6)— What time is it now? — It's half past seven. (7)— It is spring now and it's warm these days. 【结论3】it可用以指代时间、季节、天气或距离。 【注意】it指代时间时，有如下一些句型： (1) It is time for sth. (for sb.)to do sth. / that－从句(should do / did, 必须用虚拟语气) 例：① It's time for lunch. ② It's time for us to clean the house. ③ It's time that we should clean the house. ＝It's time that we cleaned the house. (2) It is / has been ＋some time ＋since－从句(从句用一般过去时) It is 10 years since I graduated from college. (3) It / This/That is the first / second time that－从句(必须使用现在完成时)这是某人 第……次做了某事。 It / This/That was the first / second time that－从句(必须使用过去完成时) 例：①It is the second time that she has visited the Great Wall. ②This was the first time that I had come late to school. (4) It was ＋时间点＋when －从句 例：It was evening when we got home. ＝It was evening in which we got home. (5) It was / will be ＋some time ＋before －从句 例：①过了5年他们才从北大毕业。 It was five years before they finally graduated from Beijing University. ②不久，我们就要从我们学校毕业了。 It won't be long before we graduate from our school. 二、it作形式主语 1.代替主语从句 ①It is clear ( obvious，true，possible certain....) that ..... “清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）” ②. It is important ( necessary，right，strange，natural...) that ... that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去，建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well.
It的用法 一、Tell the functions for “it” in each sentence: 1、---What’s the weather together ---It is fine. 2. It is hard to communicate with him. 3. I find it hard to communicate with him. 4. It is Li that who cleaned the classroom. 5. It is a book. 二、It 用法归纳 1，指代it （1）.用作人称代词：指代物、整个句子 （2）用作非人称代词 2，形式it：（1）作形式主语（2）作形式宾语 3，强调it 4，特殊句型 5.在答语中指代this/that： 1).--- Whose book is that ---It’s mine. 三、特别注意： it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别 1. it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。 (特指，指代单数，指代物，同名同物) Can I borrow your pen—Sorry， I’m using it.
2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。（泛指，指代可数名词，指代人或物，同名异物） I have a bike. Do you have one Eg: (1).I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using______ now. (2) I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new _______soon. (3). that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,必须要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。（特指，指代单数或不可数，指代物，后面有定语） The coffee produced in Brazil is more famous than __________in Mexico. 四：形式主语、宾语、强调句及其他
期末专题练习——It的用法、There be句型 ［教学内容］ 第一部分It 的用法 概说：It是个非常简单的单词,但其用法却很灵活。 一、指代作用。It作句子的主语。 （一）It指前面已经提到过的人或事物。 1. What’s this? —It’s a chair. 2. Who is it? —It’s me. 提示：it代替上文提及的原物(复数用they)； one指代上文提及的、泛指的可数名词单数（复数ones）； that指代上文提及的定指的可数名词单数或不可数名词（复数those）。 （二）It指时间、季节。虚义。 1. What time is it? —It’s nine. 2. It’s time to go to school. Let’s go. 3. What day is today? —It’s Saturday. 4. What is the date today? —It is Oct. 1st. 5. What season is it? —It is summer. （三）It指气候。虚义。 1. It is cold in this room. 这个房间很冷。 2. What’s the weather like today? —It’s fine. 今天天气怎么样？天气很好。 3. It often snows in winter in Harbin. 哈尔滨的冬天经常下雪。 （四）It指距离、情况等。虚义。 1. It is five kilometers from my home to the school. 从我家到学校有五千米。 2. It is very near from this shop to that. 从这个商店到那个商店很近。 3. It is a long way to the sea. 这离海很远。 4. Is it well with you? 你身体好吗？ 二、It作形式主语。 动词不定式、动名词短语、从句在整个句中起主语作用，而这一部分用词较多，因此
1、主语＋系动词＋表语 （1）他是一个运动员。 （2）长大后他成为一位老师。（turn） （3）这种食物吃起来很糟糕。 （4）天气变得暖和了。 （5）那种食物已经变质了。 （6）事实证明是正确的。 （7）只要你努力，你的梦想一定会实现。（8）她听到这个好消息后，变得非常开心。（9）Tom看起来比他的实际年龄更大。（10）别把他弄得像个傻子一样。（appear）（11）那信摊开在他的书桌上。（lie） （12）他站在那里一动也不动。（stand）（13）眼见为实。（百闻不如一见） （14）这消息听起来挺鼓舞人心的。 （15）三月份她一直呆在中国。（be） （16）这个玻璃杯碎了。（be） （17）当他看到那只大狗时，他感到很恐惧。（18）我们对那个结果很满意。 （19）我的愿望是成为一位作家。（be）（20）我最喜欢的消遣是踢足球。（be）（21）我只得离去。（不定式做表语） （22）这台机器的情况良好。 （23）这座花园香气怡人。 （24）丝绸摸起来又软又滑。 2、主语＋谓语 （1）学生们很努力学习。 （2）太阳每天从东方升起。 （3）他突然停了下来 （4）现在我爷爷住在城里。 （5）事故是昨天晚上发生的。（accident）（6）蓝色的球在移动。 （7）那个老人在去年冬天死了。 （8）火星上没有生命存在。 （9）当他到达车站时，火车已经开走了。（10）Jack为他所犯的错误向John道歉。（11）他在学习上远远落后于他的同学。（12）墙上挂着一幅画 （13）这衣服很容易洗。 （14）这部小说很畅销。 （15）这笔写起来很流畅。 3、主语＋谓语＋宾语 （1）我要一杯茶。 （2）你可以把书放在书包里。（3）我昨天看了一部名叫Gone With The Wind的电影。（4）这些孩子他们照看得很好。 （5）我想她今天不会来参加我们的舞会。 （6）你真的无法想象再这样的环境下生活。（imagine）（7）你做完作业了吗？（finish） （8）我们必须避免再犯这样的错误。avoid （9）你介不介意我在这吸烟？mind （10）我们每天应该在课外练习讲英语。practice 4、主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 （1）昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车做为生日礼物。（用两种结构各翻译一句） （2）请把你的画给我看一下。（用两种结构各翻译一句） 5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 1）不定式作宾补 A. 不定式前带to （1）他叫我跟他一起去逛街。 （2）村民们不允许他们做这。（allow） （3）老师告诉他今晚六点钟过来这里。 （4）他说服了弟弟上床睡觉。 （5）史密斯夫妇邀请我去他们家里吃饭。 （6）玛丽提醒我要准时参加会议 （7）爸爸警告我不要吸烟。 （8）他想我跟他一起工作。 （9）我期待他能在考试中成功。 （10）我更喜欢你呆在这里。 （11）我讨厌他今晚过来吃饭。 （12）老师要求我们在9点钟之前交作业。（require）（13）约翰建议玛丽干什么？ （14）石油的短缺（shortage）导致了价格的急剧上升。（15）我的好朋友鼓励我不要放弃。 （16）最后一辆公共汽车开走了，我被迫要打的。 （17）参观者请勿拍照。（permit） （18）你可以相信我不会跟任何人讲。（trust） （19）她力劝他留下。（urge） （20）你能教我干那活儿吗？ （21）他让姐姐帮助他做作业。（get） （22）在考试过程中禁止离开课室。（forbid） （23）我希望你今晚可以过来。（like） （24）饥饿驱使她去偷窃。 （25）她求他别离开。（beg） （26）这种软件使你能在几秒钟之内便可访问互联网。（enable） （27）他的话使我去找出真相。（lead） （28）他指示我开灯。
第二章“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 "It" 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年高考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视，现将it用法归纳如下： 一、It用作实词 表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象…… 二、It用作形式主语 替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。 It 作形式主语的常见句型： 1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为 (1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless, dangerous… 例It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license. (2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth. 此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy. 例It's kind of you to help me with the problem. (3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型 It's no good/use doing… It's (well)worth doing… It's (well)worth one's while doing/to do… It's (well)worth while doing/ to do 例It's no use crying over spilt milk. 2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型 (1) It is + noun +从句 例It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at office. (2) It is adj. +clause It's surprising that…(should)………竟然…… It's a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…… 例It's important that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(=It's of much importance that you should apologize to her for your rudeness.) (3) It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze /bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that… 例It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she drove so fast.) (4) It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do (verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out) 例It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.) (5) It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do (verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know） 例It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.) (6) It is v-ed that … (should)… (verb=demand, request, require, order, suggest, advise, recommend 例It is suggested that they should begin with the third question. 三、It作主语的句型 1. It takes sb. …to do…(=sb takes…to do…)某人用多长时间做某事 例It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to mend our roof.) 2. It's (just)(un)like sb. to do…（不）像某人做某事的风格 例It was (just) like him to think of helping us.