2013年职称英语理工A级真题及答案
第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1. The rules are too rigid to allow for humane error.
A. inflexible
B. general
C. complex
D. direct
2. This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
A. turned dead
B. passed by
C. carried away
D. become extinct
3. The contract between the two companies will expire soon.
A. shorten
B. end
C. start
D. resume
4. Three world-class tennis players came to contend for this title.
A. argue
B. claim
C. wish
D. compete
5. The methods of communication used during the war were primitive.
A. simple
B. reliable
C. effective
D. alternative
6. Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law.
A. moral
B. regular
C. fundamental
D. hard
7. The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.
A. polluted
B. treated
C. tested
D. corrupted
8. Come out, or I’ll bust the door down.
A. shut
B. set
C. break
D. beat
9. She shed a few tears at her daughter’s wedding.
A. wiped
B. injected
C. produced
D. removed
10. They didn’t seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.
A. existence
B. importance
C. cause
D. situation
11. The tower remains intact even after two hundred years.
A. unknown
B. unusual
C. undamaged
D. unstable
12. Many experts remain skeptical about his claims.
A. doubtful
B. untouched
C. certain
D. silent
13. The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members.
A. rejected
B. submitted
C. considered
D. approved
14. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.
A. send
B. spread
C. hear
D. confirm
15. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.
A. naked
B. cautious
C. blind
D. private
2013年职称英语真题理工(A) 词汇题的答案：
1. A：inflexible
2. D：become extinct
3. B：end
4. D：compete
5. A：simple
6. C：fundamental
7. A: polluted
8. C：break
9. C：produce
10. B：importance
11. C：undamaged
12. A：doubtful
13. D：approved
14. B：spread
15. B：cautious
第2部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
New Understanding of Natural Silk’s Mysteries
Natural silk, as we all know, has a strength that man-made materials have long struggled to match. In a discovery that sounds more like an ancient Chinese proverb than a materia ls science breakthrough, MIT researchers have discovered that silk gets its strength from it s weakness. Or, more specifically, its many weaknesses. Silk gets its extraordinary durabili ty and ductility (柔韧性) from an unusual arrangement of hydrogen bonds that are intrinsi cally very weak but that work together to create a strong, flexible structure.
Most materials —especially the ones we engineer for strength —get their toughness from brittleness. As such, natural silks like those produced by spiders have long fascinated both biologists and engineers because of their light weight, ductility and high strength (pound
for pound, silk is stronger than steel and far less brittle). But on its face, it doesn't seem that silks should be as strong as they are; molecularly, they are held together by hydrog en bonds, which are far weaker than the covalent (共价的) bonds found in other molecule s.
To get a better understanding of how silk manages to produce such strength through such weak bonds, the MIT team created a set of computer models that allowed them to obser ve the way silk behaves at the atomic level. They found that the arrangement of the tiny silk nanocrystals (纳米晶体) is such that the hydrogen bonds are able to work cooperativ ely, reinforcing one another against external forces and failing slowly when they do fail, s o as not so allow a sudden fracture to spread across a silk structure.
The result is natural silks that can stretch and bend while retaining a high degree of stren gth. But while that's all well and good for spiders, bees and the like, this understanding o f silk geometry could lead to new materials that are stronger and more ductile than those we can currently manufacture. Our best and strongest materials are generally expensive a nd difficult to produce (requiring high temperature treatments or energy-intensive processe s).
By looking to silk as a model, researchers could potentially devise new manufacturing met hods that rely on inexpensive materials and weak bonds to create less rigid, more forgivin g materials that are nonetheless stronger than anything currently on offer. And if you thou ght you were going to get out of this materials science story without hearing about carbo n nanotubes (纳米碳管), think again.The MIT team is already in the lab looking into way s of synthesizing silk-like structures out of materials that are stronger than natural silk —l ike carbon nanotubes. Super-silks are on the horizon.
16. MIT researchers carry out the study to illustrate an ancient Chinese proverb.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. Silk’s strength comes from its weak hydrogen bonds worki ng together.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. Biologists and engineers are interested in understanding natural silks because they are very light and brittle.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. If the hydrogen bonds break due to external forces, they break fast.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. The MIT team had tried different materials before they studies natural silk in the rese arch.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. Carbon nanotubes are currently the most popular topic in materials science.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. It is indicated that materials stronger than natural silk can be expected in the future.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2013年职称英语真题理工(A) 阅读判断答案解析：
16-22 BABBCAA
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Black Holes
1. Black holes can be best described as a sort of vacuum, sucking up everything in space. Scientists have discovered that black holes come from an explosion of huge stars. Stars t hat are near death can no longer burn due to loss of fuel, and because its temperature ca n no longer control the gravitational (重力的) force, hydrogen ends up putting pressure on to the star’s surface until it suddenly explodes then collapses.
2. Black holes come from stars that are made of hydrogen, other gases and a few metals. When these explode it can turn into a stellar-mass (恒星质量) black hole, which can onl y occur if the star is large enough (should be bigger than the sun) for the explosion to b reak it into pieces, and the gravity starts to compact every piece into the tiniest particle. Try to see and compare: if a star that’s ten times the size of the sun ends up being a bl ack hole that’s no longer than 70 kilometers, then the Earth would become a black hole t hat’s only a fraction of an inch!
3. Objects that get sucked in a black hole will always remain there, never to break free. But remember that black holes can only gobble up (吞噬) objects within a specific distan ce to it. It’s possible for a large star near the sun to become a bl ack hole, but the sun w ill continue to stay in place. Orbits do not change because the newly formed black hole c ontains exactly the same amount of mass as when it was a star, only this time its mass i s totally contracted that it can end up as no bigger than a state.
4. So far, astronomers have figured out that black holes exist because of Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity. In the end, through numerous studies, they have discovered that blac k holes truly exist. Since black holes trap light and do not give off light, it is nearly imp ossible to detect black holes via a telescope. But astronomers continue to study galaxies, s
pace and the solar system to understand how black holes might evolve. It is possible that black holes can exist for millions of years, and later contribute to a bigger process in ga laxies, which can eventually lead to creation of new entities. Scientists also credit black h oles as helpful in learning how galaxies began to form.
23. Paragraph 1
24. Paragraph 2
25. Paragraph 3
26. Paragraph 4
27. Black holes are formed after______.
28. When a large star explodes, the gravity compacts every piece into______.
29. A newly formed black hole and the star it comes from are of______.
30. Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity he lps to prove______ .
第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇Forecasting Methods
There are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method a f orecaster chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of informatio n available to the forecaster, the level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast.
The first of these methods is the persistence method; the simplest way of producing a for ecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For example, if it is sunny and 87 degrees today, the persistence method pred icts that it will be sunny and 87 degrees tomorrow. If two inches of rain fell today, the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However, if weather c onditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usually breaks dow n and is not the best forecasting method to use.
The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts, h igh and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation. Using this information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future ti me. For example, if a storm system is 1,000 miles west of your location and moving to t he east at 250 miles per day, using the trends method you would predict it to arrive in y our area in 4 days. The trends method works well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time. If they slow down, speed u p, change intensity, or change direction, the trends forecast will probably not work as wel l.
The climatology method is another simple way of producing a forecast. This method invol ves averaging weather statistics accumulated over many years to make the forecast. For ex ample, if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for New York Ci ty on July 4th, you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for eve ry July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weat her pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. If the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year, the climatology method will often fail.
The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast. It invo lves examining today's forecast scenario and remembering a day in the past when the wea ther scenario looked very similar (an analog). The forecaster would predict that the weathe r in this forecast will behave the same as it did in the past. The analog method is difficu lt to use because it is virtually impossible to find a predict analog. Various weather featur es rarely align themselves in the same locations as they were in the previous time. Even
small differences between the current time and the analog can lead to very different result s.
31. What of the following factors is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method?
A. Necessary amount of information.
B. Degree of difficulty involved in forecasting.
C. Practical knowledge of the forecaster.
D. Creativity of the forecaster.
32. The persistence method fails to work well when
A. it is rainy.
B. it is sunny.
C. weather conditions stay stable.
D. weather conditions change greatly.
33. The trends method works well when
A. weather features are constant for a long period of time.
B. weather features are defined well.
C. predictions on precipitation are accurate.
D. the speed and direction of movement are predicable.
34. The analog method should not be used in making a weather forecast when
A. the analog looks complicated.
B. the current weather scenario is different from the analog.
C. the analog is more than 10 years old.
D. the current weather scenario is exactly the same as the analog.
35. Historical weather data are necessary in
A. the persistence method and the trends method.
B. the trends method and the climatology method.
C. the climatology method and the analog method.
D. The persistence method and the analog method.
答案31-35：DDABC
第二篇Students Learn Better With Touchscreen Desks
Observe the criticisms of nearly any major public education system in the world, and a fe w of the many complaints are more or less universal. Technology moves faster than the e ducation system. Teachers must teach at the pace of the slowest student rather than the fa stest. And —particularly in the United States —school children as a group don’t care m uch for, or excel at, mathematics. So it’s heartening to learn that a new kind of “classroo m of the future” shows promise at mitigating some of these problems, starting with that f undamental piece of classroom furniture: the desk.
A UK study involving roughly 400 students, mostly aged 8-10 years, and a new generatio n of multi-touch, multi-user, computerized desktop surfaces is showing that over the last t hree years the technology has appreciably boosted students’ math skills compared to peers learning the same material via the conventional paper-and-pencil method. How? Through collaboration, mostly, as well as by giving teachers better tools by which to micromanage individual students who need some extra instruction while allowing the rest of the class t o continue moving forward.
Traditional instruction still shows respectable efficacy (效力) at increasing students fluency in mathematics, essentially through memorization and practice —dull, repetitive practice. But the researchers have concluded that these new touchscreen desks boost both fluency and flexibility —the critical thinking skills that allow students to solve complex problems not simply through knowing formulas and devices, but by being able to figure out what the real problem is and the most effective means of stripping it down and solving it.
One reason for this, the researchers say, is the multi-touch aspect of the technology. Stude nts working in the next-gen classroom can work together at the same tabletop, each of th em contributing and engaging with the problem as part of a group. Known as SynergyNet, the software uses computer vision systems that see in the infrared (红外的) spectrum to distinguish between different touches on different parts of the surface, allowing students to access and use tools on the screen, move objects and visual aids around on their desktop s, and otherwise physically interact with the numbers and information on their screens. By using these screens collaboratively, the researchers say, the students are to some extent te aching themselves as those with a stronger grasp on difficult concepts pull other students forward along with them.
36. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the public education system?
A. It does not catch up with the development of technology.
B. Teachers pay more attention to fast learners than slow learners.
C. Some similar complaints about it are heard in different countries.
D. Many students are not good at learning mathematics.
37. What has been found after the new tech is employed?
A. Teachers are able to give individualized attention to students in need.
B. Students become less active in learning mathematics.
C. Students show preference to the conventional paper-and-pencil method.
D. The gap between slow learners and fast learners get morenoticeable.
38. What is the benefit students get from the new tech?
A. It makes them more fluent in public speech.
B. It offers them more flexibility in choosing courses.
C. It is effective in helping them solve physical problems.
D. It enables them to develop critical thinking ability.
39. What happens when students are using the desktop of the new tech?
A. Every student has an individual tabletop.
B. Students use different tools to interact with each other.
C. The multi-touch function stimulates students.
D. The software installed automatically identifies different users.
40. How does the new tech work to improve students’mathematical learning?
A. It helps fast learners to learn faster.
B. It makes teachers’ instruction unnecessary.
C. It enables them to work together.
D. It allows the whole class to learn at the same pace.
答案36-40：BADCC
第三篇On the Trail of the Honey Badgers
On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learnt a lot more abo ut honey badgers (獾). The team employed a local wildlife expert, Kitso Khama, to help t hem locate and follow the badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the ba dgers’ movements and behaviour as discreetly (谨慎地) as possible, without frightening the m away or causing them to change their natural behaviour. They also planned to trap a f ew and study them close up before releasing them. In view of the animal’s reputation, thi s was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.
“The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when t hey see something new,” he says. “that, combined with their unpredictable natur e, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they won’t be shy about
coming right up to you for something to eat. They’re actually quite sociable creatures aro und humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremel y vicious (凶恶的). Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.”
The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided b y most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal’s fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Previously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its p rey (猎物). The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain results fr om previous research, including the fat that female badgers never socialized with each oth er.
Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers. Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasiona l fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards ea ch other as they are towards other species.
As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the chanc e to get up close to them without being the subject of the animal’s curiosity —or their s udden aggression. The badgers’ eating patterns, which had been disrupted, returned to nor mal. It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that fo rm working associations with the honey badger, as these seems to adopt the badgers’ rela xed attitude when near humans.
41. Why did the wildlife experts visit the Kalahari Desert?
A. To find where honey badgers live.
B. To observe how honey badgers behave.
C. To catch some honey badgers for food.
D. To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.
42. What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers?
A. They show interest in things they are not familiar with.
B. They are always looking for food.
C. They do not enjoy human company.
D. It is common for them to attack people.
43. What did the team find out about honey badgers?
A. There were some creatures they did not eat.
B. They were afraid of poisonous creatures.
C. They may get some of the water they needed from fruit.
D. Female badgers did not mix with male badgers.
44. Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?
A. They don’t run very quickly.
B. They hunt over a very large area.
C. They defend their territory from other badgers.
D. They are more aggressive than females
45. What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?
A. They became less aggressive towards other creatures.
B. They started eating more.
C. Other animals started working with them.
D. They lost interest in people.
答案41-45：BACBD
第5部分：补全短文（第46-50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
Toads are Arthritic and in Pain
Arthritis is an illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads, a big proble m in the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone, a new study has shown. The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs. 46__________.
The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the no rth-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 193S in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country, and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year. The toads can now be found across more than one mi llion square kilometers. 47__________.A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s b ut had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species.
The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, th at eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. 48__________.
A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney, says t hat little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that thos e in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breed ing quickly.
According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometre a night. 49__________.But speed and strength come at a price —arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them.
In laboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic t oads would travel less distance with each hop. 50__________.These toads are so program med to move, apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones, continuing their relentless march across the landscape.
A. Toads are not built to be road runners —they are built to sit around ponds and wet area.
B. The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads.
C. Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australia’s native species.
D. Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances, while the others are be ing left behind.
E. But this advantage also has a big drawback —up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis.
F. But arthritis didn’t slow down toads outside the laboratory, the researchers found.
答案46-50：EBCDF
第6部分：完形填空（第51-65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat, More Light
Solar photovoltaic thermal energy systems, or PVTs, generate both heat and electricity, but ________(51) now they haven’t been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-alone solar thermal collector. That’s because they operate at low temperatures to co ol crystalline silicon solar cells, ________(52) lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn’t a very efficient way to gather heat.
That’s a problem of economics. Good solar hot-water systems can harvest much more ene rgy than a solar-electric system at a substantially lower ________(53). And it’s also a space problem: photovoltaic cells can ________(54) up all the space on the roof, leaving little room for thermal applications.
In a pair of studies, Joshua Pearce, an associate professor of materials science and engine ering, has devised a ________(55) in the form of a better PVT made with a different kin d of silicon. His research collaborators are Kunal Girotra from ThinSilicon in California a nd Michael Pathak and Stephen Harrison from Queen’s University, Canada.
Most solar panels are made with crystalline silicon, but you can also make solar cells out of amorphous silicon, commonly known ________(56) thin-film silicon. They don’t create as much electricity, but they are lighter, flexible, and cheaper. And, because they ______ __(57) much less silicon, they have a greener footprint. ________(58), thin-film silicon sol ar cells are vulnerable to some bad-news physics in the form of the Staebler-Wronski effe ct.
“That means that their efficiency drops when you ________(59) them to light —pretty m uch the worst possible effect for a solar cell,” Pearce explains, which is one of the______ __(60) thin- film solar panels make up only a small fraction of the market.
However, Pearce and his team found a ________(61) to engineer around the Staebler-Wro nski effect by incorporating thin-film silicon in a new ________(62) of PVT. You do n’t have to cool d own thin-film silicon to make it work. In fact, Pearce’s group discovere d that by heating it to solar-thermal operating temperatures, near the boiling ________(63) of water, they could make thicker cells that largely________(64) the Staebler-Wronski eff ect. When they applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy collector, th ey also found that by baking the cell once a day, they________(65) the solar cell’s electri cal efficiency by over 10 percent.
51. A. until B. unless C. when D. if
52. A. what B. which C. that D. who
53. A. reward B. bill C. pay D. cost
54. A. move B. set C. live D. take
55. A. decision B. suggestion C. solution D. qualification
56. A. for B. by C. with D. as
57. A. retrieve B. merge C. require D. exchange
58. A. Unfortunately B. Certainly C. Luckily D. Immediately
59. A. cover B. relate C. face D. expose
60. A. restrictions B. advances C. reasons D. strengths
61. A. part B. result C. subject D. way
62. A. type B. size C. shape D. brand
63. A. area B. point C. place D. extent
64. A. promoted B. improved C. overcame D. asserted
65. A. boosted B. defined C. wasted D. lower 答案：51-55 ABDDC 56-60 DCADC 61-65 DABCA
职称英语等级考试试题-综合A6 第三篇Play Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development. In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby’s ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully. In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鸦) and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others. Bt the third stage of play development-from five to seven or eight years-the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the chills most enjoys.
2016职称英语考试真题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1、Have you talked to her?lately? https://www.doczj.com/doc/cd4924134.html,stly B.finally C.shortly D.recently 2、 About?one quarter of?the workers in the country are employed in factories. A.third B.fourth C.tenth D.fifteenth 3、 The dentist has decided to?extract?her bad tooth. A.take out B.repair C.push in D.dig 4、 We shall keep the money in a?secure?place. A.clean
B.secret C.distant D.safe 5、 This table is strongand?durable. A.long-lasting B.extensive C.far reaching D.eternal 6、 He endured agonies before he finally?expired. A.fired B.resigned C.died D.retreated 7、 There are only five minutes left, but the?outcome?of the match is still in doubt. A.result B.judgement C.estimation D.event 8、 The great changes of the city?astonished?every visitor to that city A.attacked
2016年职称英语考试理工类A级真题 第1部分:词汇选项(第1——15题,每题1分,共15分下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1.The revelation of his past led to his resignation. A.imagination B.confirmation C.recall D.disclosure 2.Jensen is a dangerous man,and can be very brutal. A.careless B.Cruel C.strong D.hard 3.You’ll have to sprint if you want to catch the train. A.jump B.escape C.run D.prepare 4.We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.
A.Changeable B.Stable C.suitable D.adaptable 5.The new garment fits her perfectly. A.haircut B.purse C.Clothes D.necklace 6.The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma. A.fear B.joy C.hurt D.memory 7.They have to build canals to irrigate the desert. A.decorate B.water C.change D.visit
2002年全国职称英语考试理工类（A级）考试试题及参考答案 第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1 The price of vegetables f1uctuates according to the weather. A jumps B rises C falls D changes 2 Did you do that to irritate her? A tease B attract C annoy D protect 3 Mary looked pale and weary． A ill B tired C worried D peaceful 4 The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage(污水). A polluted B downgraded C mixed D blackened 5 Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive. A very boring B very thorough C very interesting D very touching 6 Alice is a fascinating girl. A a beautiful B a pretty C an attractive D a pleasant
7 Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents. A displayed B shown C proved D assessed 8 The old lady let her flat to an English couple. A offered B rented C provided D sold 9 She stood there，crying and trembling with fear． A shaking B staggering C struggling D murmuring 10 They strolled around the lake for an hour or so. A ran B rolled C walked D raced 11 The conclusion can be deduced from the premises． A argued B derived C permitted D come 12 I can no longer tolerate his actions． A putupwith B accept C take D suffer from 13 Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments. A ask B persuade C assign D order 14 She has been the subject of massive media coverage. A extensive B negative
2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案第一部分：词汇选项 1. The weather last summer was awful. A. bad B. fair C. dry D. hot 参考答案：A 2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. guilt C. obligation D. punishment 参考答案：D 3. My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher. A. definitely B. generally C. certainly D. greatly 参考答案：D 4. There is a need for radical changes in education.
A. revolutionary B. long-term C. short-term D. systematic 参考答案：A 5. It frustrates me that I‘m not able to put any of my ideas into practice. A. discourages B. shows C. surprises D. frightens 参考答案：A 6. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A. limit B. fear C. power D. fool 参考答案：B 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. gather B. clear C. share D. spare
单词词义例句例句翻译 abrupt a.突然的; 粗鲁的,(态度)生硬的The old man has an abrupt manner. 哪个老头举止粗鲁。 absurd a.荒谬的,荒唐可笑的What an absurd question you asked. 你问的问题真荒唐。 adverse a.不利的,相反的，有害的，The student has an aderse reaction to the teacher's proposal. 这个学生对老师的建议提出了异 议。 affirm vt.断言,肯定; 批准,使生效The guilty man affirmed that he was innocent. 那个罪犯坚称自己无罪。 alien a.外国(人)的,异已的; 性质不同的; n.外国人,外来人,外侨He is afraid of meeting alien people. 他害怕见到外国人。 alleviate vt.减轻,缓解,缓和This medicine can alleviate the pain. 这种药能减轻疼痛。 allocate vt.分配,分派,派给,拔给In this game,every boy was allocated a small ball. 在这个游戏中，每个男孩子都分 到了一个小球。 ambiguous a.模棱两可的,有两种(或多种)解释的We only got an ambiguous reply. 我们仅仅只得到了一个模棱两可 的答复。 amend vt.修改,修订The government has amended the law lately. 最近，政府修订了这项法律。 amplify vt.扩大,加大; 引伸,详述You should amplify your viewpoint. 你需要进一步阐述你的观点。 aptitude n.天分,才能He has an aptitude for playing 他有弹钢琴的天分。
全国职称英语考试历年真题及答案 理工类-A级 2003-2010 目录 1.2003年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (2) 2.2004年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (16) 3.2005年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (35) 4.2006年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (54) 5.2007年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (68) 6.2008年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (76) 7.2009年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (89) 8.2010年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (102)
2003年职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题及答案第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively. A explained B invented C considered D accepted 2. He talks tough but has a tender heart. A heavy B strong C kind D wild 3. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A making B taking C discussing D expecting 4. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. A waste B buy C use D sell 5. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. A function B ability C power D volume 6. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. A tensely B nearly C carefully D closely 7. Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. A supported B excited C inspired D directed
2020年职称英语理工A概括大意真题及答案 Geothermal(地热)Energy 1.Since heat naturally moves from hotter regions to cooler ones, the heat from the earth's center flows outwards towards the surface. In this way, it transfers to the next layer of rock. If the temperature is high enough, some of this rock melts and forms magma(岩浆). The magma ascends in its turn towards the earth's surface. It often remains well below the earth's surface, creating vast areas of hot rock. In such regions, there are deep cracks, which allow rainwater to descend underground. Some of the heated rainwater travels back up to the earth's surface where it will appear as a hot spring. However, if this ascending hot water reaches a layer of impermeable(不可渗透的)rock, it remains trapped, forming a geothermal reservoir. If geothermal reservoirs are close enough to the surface, they can be reached by drilling wells. Hot water and steam shoot up the wells naturally, and can be used to produce electricity in geothermal power plants. 2.A few geothermal power plants depend on dry-stem reservoirs which produce steam but little or no water. In these cases, the steam is piped up directly to provide the power to spin a turbine generator. The first geothermal power plant, constructed at Lardarello in Italy, was of this type, and is still producing electricity today. 3.Most currently operating geothermal power plants are either "flash" steam plants or binary(双重的)plants. Flash plants produce mainly hot water ranging in temperature from 300° to 700°Fahrenheit. This water is passed through one or
2016年职称英语综合B真题 第一部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. All houses within 100 meters of the seas are (at risk) of flooding. A. out of control B. between equals C. in particular D. in danger 2. The idea was quite (brillian)t. A. positive B. clever C. key D. original 3. Stock market price (tumbled) after rumor of a rise in interest rate. A. regulated B. fell C. increased D. maintained 4. We are worried about this (fluid) situation full with uncertainty. A. stable B. suitable C. adaptable D. changeable 5. The (revelation) of his past led to his resignation. A. imagination B. confirmation C. disclosure
D. recall 6. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can be very (brutal). A. careless B. strong C. cruel D. hard 7. The coastal has area has very (mild) winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold. A. warm B. severe C. hard D.dry 8.You'll have to (sprint) if you want to catch the train. A. jump B. escape C. prepare D. run 9. The course gives you basic (instruction) in car maintenance. A. idea B. term C. coaching D. aspect 10. The new (garment) fits her perfectly. A. haircut B. purse C. necklace D. clothes 11. The phobia may have its root in a childhood (trauma). A. fear
2011年真题： 第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1.His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. polished C. washed D. Mended 2.She can be relied on in A. looked after C. turned on B.believedin D.depended on 3.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer. A. admitted B. reported C. hoped D. answered 4.The test produced disappointing results. A. unsatisfactory B. indirect C. similar D. positive 5.My doctor said I should vary my diet more A, change B. prepare C. cook D. choose 6.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge. A. hard C. short B. good D. long 7. The book took ten years of thorough research A. basic B. careful. C, social D. major 8. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives. A. effor B. problem C. influence D. Concern 9.Eventually, she got a job and moved to London A. Certainly B. Luckily C. Naturally D. Finally 10.The love of money is the root of'all evil A. result B. end C. cause D. Force 11.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference A. offered B. investigated
2015职称英语理工类A真题及答案(完整版) 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. control B. observe C. regulate D. accept 2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work. A. sense B. talent C. flavor D. taste 3. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. refusal D. destiny 4. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D. sensible 5. They were locked in mortal combat. A. deadly B. open C. actual D. active 6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money. A. amount B. supply C. tempt D. sum 7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent. A. clear B. necessary C. special D. correct 8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling. A. Service B. danger C. disorder D. threat 9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish. A. survive B. last C. die D. move
2012年职称英语试题综合类（B级）试卷及答案 第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题-1分；共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. We need to extract the relevant flnancial data. A. store B. obtain C. save D. review 2. His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. polished C. washed D. mended 3. She always finds fault with everything. . A. simplifies B. evaluates C. criticizes D. Examines 4. Anderson left the table, remarking that he had some work.to do A. doubting B. thinking C. saying D. Knowing 5. They converted the spare bedroom into an office. A. reduced B. moved C. reformed D. turned. 6. Mr. Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year A. held B. increased C. expected D. offered 7. We have to act within the existing legal framework A. limit C. status B. procedure D. system 8. Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours A. spend C. stand B. take D. last 9. At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened A. give B. attach C. understand D. lose 10.The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular. A. general C. strong B. traditional
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（C级）试题及参考答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already. A. right B. obvious C. unclear D. unbelievable 2. We found shelter from the rain under the trees. A. defense B. protection C standing D. room 3. The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine. A. structure B. bottom C. surface D. top 4. The odd thing was that he didn’t recognize me. A. real B. whole C. same D. strange 5. That performance was pretty impressive. A. completely B. very C. beautifully D. equally 6. I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events. A. bring B. separate C. put D. set 7. I have little information as regards her fitness for the post. A. at B. with C. from D. about 8. I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me. A. throw B. seized C. broke D. stretched 9. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company. A. taught B. attracted C. kept D. changed 10. This was an unexceptionally brutal attack. A. cruel B. open C. sudden D. direct 11. “There is no other choice.” She said in a harsh voice. A. firm B. soft C. deep D. unkind 12. She came across three children sleeping under a bridge. A. passed by B. took a notice of C. woke up D. found by chance 13. Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning. A. border B. goal C. level D. peak 14. We have to change the public’s perception that money is everything. A. sight B. belief C. interest D. pressure 15. She gets aggressive when she is drunk. A. worried B. sleepy C. offensive D. anxious 参考答案: 1.D 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.B 15.C 第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Kicking the Habit What is a bad habit? The most definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. This consequence could affect
2015年职称英语考试理工类B级全真模拟题及答案解析 第 1 部分：词汇选项（第1-15 题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The football team, for the most part, were confident of winning the match. A. mostly B. partly C. only D. really 2. At first he did’t realize that he had succeeded. A. k now B. find out C. recognize D. look into 3. To frame up his boss, Dick had to make up evidence. A. collect B. disclose C. invent D. generate 4. The government launched a massive campaign against crimes in the big cities. A. proposed B. decided C. began D. studied 5. It is very considerate of you to remember my birthday. A. thoughtful B. considerable C. carefiil D. concerned 6. 1 was amazed at the beauty of the mountain when I reached to the top. A. excited B. astonished C. happy D. unpleasant 7. The upper atmosphere is believed to consist of a number of roughly concentric layers, which include the troposphere (对流层) and stratosphere (平流层). A. plainly B. repeatedly C. nearly D. changeably 8. The earth moves around the sun. A. before B. round C. after D. over 9. He made great show of reluctance, but finally accepted my offer. A. emotion B. unwillingness C. anger D. postpone 10. His success in work has tempted many to try this new method. A. attracted B. called C. inspired D. implied 11. She could fix the machine without referring to the instructions. A. understanding B. observing C. consulting D. obtaining 12. 1 didn’t have much confidence in my talent as a film actor. A. wisdom B. gift C. performance D. show 13. Her death was a grief to him and I doubt if he ever recovered afterwards. A. got by B. got through C. got on D. got over 14. The most prominent characteristic of handwriting is undoubtedly letter formation and slant. A. presumably B. in many cases C. surely D. without bias 15. Fond industry relies mainly on agriculture for raw material. A. depends on B. dependent on C. derives from D. derived from 第 2 部分：阅读判断（第16-22 题，每题 1 分，共7 分） 下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A ; 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B ; 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C 。 The Race into Space American millionaire Dennis Tito will always be famous. He was the first tourist in space. “I spent sixty years on Earth and eight days in space and from my viewpoint, it was two separate lives,” Tito explained. He loved his tim e in space. “Being in space and looking back at earth is one of the most rewarding experiences a human being can have.”
职称英语《理工A》真题及答案(完整版) 第1部分：词汇选项(第1——15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The revelation of his past ledto his resignation. A.imagination B. confirmation C.recall D. disclosure 答案为D. revelation(揭露)– disclosure(揭露) 2. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can bevery brutal. A.careless B. cruel C.strong D. hard 答案为B. brutal(残忍的) – cruel 3. You’ll have to sprint if youwant to catch the train. A.jump B.escape C. run D.prepare 答案为C. sprint (快速奔跑) – run(奔跑) 4. We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty. A. changeable
D.adaptable 答案为A. fluid(不稳定的) –changeable (易变的) 5. The new garment fits herperfectly. A.haircut B. purse C. clothes D.necklace 答案为C. garment(衣服) –clothes(衣服) 6. The phobia may have its root in achildhood trauma. A.fear B. joy C. hurt D.memory 答案为C. trauma(精神上的创伤) – hurt(感情上的伤心或痛苦) 7. They have to build canals to irrigatethe desert. A.decorate B. water C.change D. visit 答案为B. irrigate(灌溉) –water(给…浇水) 8. Her overall language proficiencyremains that of a toddler. A.disabled