1.Teaching plan
1.1Teaching aims and demands
(1)To familiarize students with expository writings
(2)To familiarize students with American culture mentioned in the text
(3)To enable students to appreciate the writing style of the text
1.2
1.3
2.Key points and Special difficulties
(1)Words and expressions (for details see the text)
(2)Writing Style (Expository writing)
(3)Background knowledges(New York,Manhattan,The big apple,Ivory League schools)
3.Teaching methods
3.1Communication approach交际法
3.2Behaviorism 行为主义
3.3Consructivism 建构主义
4.Teacher asking questions about the contents of the text
(1)In what fields can New York no longer be regarded as the leading American city?
(2)What are its deficiencies as a pacesetter?
(3)Why do many Europeans call New York their favorite city?
(4)Why do many young people still go to New York?
(5)Does the writer really both love and hate New York?Cite examples to back up you analysis.
(6)Why is New York called an international metropolis?
5.Teaching procedures
5.1Review
5.2Lead-in
“If you love him, bring him to New York, for it’s heaven; if you hate him, bring him to New York, for it’s hell.”─Beijingers in New York
5.3Culture points and background knowledge
(1)The Big Apple-New York
“Big Apple”; “City that Never Sleeps”: a city of superlatives –America's biggest; its most exciting; its business and cultural capitals; the nation's trendsetter
New York is the most populous city in the United States. It is America's business and cultural capital,and the nation's trendsetter.
As a leading global city,New York exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment.
Located on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a state county.
(2)Manhattans
As a center of culture and commerce,Manhattan is a hotbed of activity with an unending list of things to see and to do.Residents and visitors alike can’t help but tape into the excitement and energy surrounding them from dining at top restaurant in Union Square,to seeing dynamic theater on and off Broadway,to shopping in NoLita or on the East Village.From Battery Park downtown to the Cloisters uptown,there are diversions everywhere worth discovering.It’s hard to believe so much energy and activity fits into this small island,a mere 23.7 square miles(or 61.4aquare kilometers)
（3）World Trade Center
The original World Trade Center was a complex with seven buildings featuring landmark twin towers in Lower Manhattan, New York City, United States.
The complex opened on April 4, 1973, and was destroyed in 2001 during the September 11 attacks （4）Central Park
Central Park is a beautiful green oasis in the middle of New York’s concrete desert. It is surprisingly big ,with lakes and woods ,as well organized recreation areas
（5）Times Square--时报广场
Times Square, confined as "The Crossroads of the World", is the brightly illuminated hub of the Broadway theater district, one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections, and a major center of the world's entertainment industry.
（6）Wall Street
Wall Street refers to the financial district of New York City, named after and centered on the eight-block-long street running from Broadway to South Street on the East River in lower Manhattan.
Over time, the term has become a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, or signifying New York-based financial interests.
It is the home of the New York Stock Exchange, the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies.Several other major exchanges have or had headquarters in the Wall Street area, including NASDAQ, the New York Mercantile Exchange, the New York Board of Trade, and the former American Stock Exchange. Anchored by Wall Street, New York City is one of the world's principal financial centers.
（7）Ivory League schools常春藤高校联盟
Brown University,Colombia University,Cornell University, Dartamouth University,Harvard University ，Princeton University,University of Pennsylvania,Yale University
（8）Broadway百老汇大道
Broadway is a street in the U.S.state of New York.Perhaps best known for that runs through the borough of Manhattan ,it actually runs 24kmthrough Manhattan and the Bronx,exiting north from the city to run an additional 29km through the municipalities Yonkers,Hastings-On-Hudson,Dobbs Ferry,Irvington,Tarrytown and terminating north of sleepy Hollow in Westchester County.
(9)Tin Pan Alley
A district associated with musicians, composers, and publishers of popular music. The term was coined after West 28th Street in New York City where music publishers were formerly centered. It eventually became generalized to refer to the whole music industry. It, popular in the past, is less used today. The corresponding term in the UK is Denmark Street in London.
(10)Brief Introduction of Thomas Griffith
Thomas Griffith was born in Tacoma, Washington on December 30, 1915, and died in New York City in 2002.
When he was 7 years old , he was raised in a Seattle boarding house with his brother and sister, sent there by their father after their mother died.
He graduated from Roosevelt High School(罗斯福高中）in 1932, much later he was named outstanding graduate at the school‘s 50th anniversary celebration. As a student at the University of Washington(华盛顿大学）, Mr. Griffith met his future wife, Caroline Coffman Griffith.
In 1975, he was awarded the UW School of Communications' Alumni Award for Achievement. Griffith started his career at The Seattle Times in 1936, working as a reporter and then as assistant city editor before accepting a Nieman Fellowship（尼曼奖学金）at Harvard University in 1942. He joined Time Inc the next year and stayed for three decades, retiring in 1972 as editor of Life magazine. During that time, he gained the respect of Time Inc.'s outspoken and politically conservative founder, Henry Luce, who reportedly took to calling Mr. Griffith "the loyal opposition."
Griffith was known in the organization as the “house liberal”.
He was also a staff contributor to Fortune magazine and columnist of Atlantic Monthly.
He was an uprooted westerner who called New York home
His works:
Harry and Teddy: the Turbulent Friendship of Henry and his Favorite Reporter, Teddy(1995). How True: A Skeptic's Guide to Believing the News (1974).
The Waist-High Culture (1959 ):American culture.
5.4Detailed explanation of text
5.4.1Vocabulary
pathetic (Para. 1, Line 3): pitiful, lamentable,
brag (Para. 1, Line 4): talk with excessive pride, assert boastfully, a boaster, a braggart. E.g.: She bragged that she could run faster than I. He's been bragging about his new car.
bush (Para. 1, Line5): second-rate. E.g.: Reviewers here have tended to see in him a kind of bush D.H. Lawrence.
beget (Para. 2, Line 2): create, produce, cause. E.g.: War begets misery and ruin
holdout (Para. 2, Last sentence): a place that holds out, that continue resistance, not yielding to the trend and fashion
pacesetter (Para. 3, Line 1): a person, group, or thing that leads the way or serves as a model sitcoms (Para. 3, Line 6): Radio or television comedy series that involves a continuing cast of characters in a succession of episodes. Often the characters are markedly different types thrown together by circumstance and occupying a shared environment such as an apartment building or workplace. Typically half an hour in length and either taped in front of a studio audience or employing canned applause, they are marked by verbal sparring and rapidly resolved conflicts.
Nashville (Para. 3, Line 8): capital of Tennessee State and center of and country music rock-and-roll.
comeback (Para. 4, Line 3): return to some previously successful activity. E.g.: The old actor made a successful comeback after twenty years.
bilk (Para. 5, Line 8): cheat, defraud, swindle. E.g.: He bilked us of all our money.
frivolous (Para. 5, Line 8): silly, trivial
billing (Para. 6, Line 6): advertising, promotion
jostle (Para. 6, Last sentence): push and shove
Mecca (Para. 7, Line 1): A city of western Saudi Arabia near the coast of the Red Sea. The birthplace of Muhammad, it is the holiest city of Islam and a pilgrimage site for all devout believers of the faith.
qualify (Para. 8, Line 1): limit, modify, restrict
tint (Para. 8, Line 4): color lightly. E.g.: She tint each flower in her painting a different color. The sunset has tinted the sky with pink.
gaudily (Para. 8, Line 5): brightly and showily
jagged (Para. 8, Line 6): having a sharply uneven outline or surface
gamely (Para. 8, Line 7): courageously, bravely
encroach (Para. 8, Line 8): advance beyond the proper limit, take another’s possessions or rights gradually and stealthily. E.g.: The sea is gradually encroaching on the land.
carnival (Para. 8, Last sentence): Final celebration before the fasting and austerity of Lent in some Roman Catholic regions, festival or revel
beckon (Para. 9, Line 1): signal by nodding or waving, attract. E.g.: He beckoned to me from across the street.
diversion (Para. 9, Line 8): recreation
banal (Para. 10, Line 2): repeated too often, common. E.g.: a banal remark
constrict (Para. 10, Line 4): restrict the freedom of, compress
squalor (Para. 10, Line 9): dirtiness. E.g.: There is indescribable squalor in those books. Broadway (Para. 10, Line 9): The principal theater and amusement district of New York City, on the West Side of midtown Manhattan centered on Broadway.
precinct: neighborhood, surrounding area
bohemian: a person with artistic or literary interests who disregards conventional standards of behavior; a descriptive term for a stereotypical way of life for artists and intellectuals who live in material poverty because they prefer their art or their learning to lesser goods.
fringe: outside boundary
boutique: a shop that sells women’s clothes and jewelry
invoke: use, apply
deplore: regret strongly, show strong disapproval of. E.g.: Somehow we had to master events, not simply deplore them. (Henry A. Kissinger).
ancillary: helping, supporting
condescend: deal with people in a patronizing superior manner, lower oneself
malleable: easily controlled, easily influenced.
turnstile: Please see the right picture
cynicism: an attitude of scornful negativity, esp. a general trust of others.
hype: excessive publicity, exaggerated claims made in advertising
scruple: uneasiness, hesitation. E.g.: He has absolutely no scruples; he'll do anything to get what he wants.
sustain: provide for, maintain. E.g.: Hope alone sustained him in his struggle.
adjoin: lie adjacent to. E.g.: There is a family of poor folk who have rented from the landlady a room which does not adjoin the other rooms, but is set apart in a corner by itself.
amenity: sth. that contributes to physical or material comfort. E.g.: A sauna in the hotel would be a useful amenity.
tawdriness: tasteless showiness
astir: moving about, being in motion.
cabana: a small tent used as a dressing room beside the sea or a swimming pool. Please see the picture
antiseptically:←antiseptical: thoroughly clean, free from disturbance
enclave: an enclosed territory
hassle: angry disturbance, disorderly fighting, turmoil
congenial: friendly, sociable. E.g.: In the next year he obtained, through the good offices of an old friend, a post with a publishing firm which, though not highly paid, he found more congenial. bracing: refreshing, exciting
encase: enclose in a case
fleeting: lasting for a very brief time
taunt: reproaching, ridicule
mongrel: a cross between different breeds, groups or varieties.
tumultuous: turbulent, noisy, wild
initiation: beginning, entry.
turf: area claimed by a gang
forbearance: tolerance and restraint, patience. E.g.: I have shown enough forbearance toward him. exasperate: irritate, infuriate. E.g.: She was exasperated at his stupidity.
exhilarate (Para. 22, Line 3): stimulate, invigorate, cause to feel happily energetic. E.g.: We were exhilarated by the cool, pine-scented air.
5.4.2Terms
the Big Apple (Para. 1, Line 1): a nickname for New York City. It was first popularized in the 1920s by John J. Fitz Gerald, a sports writer for the New York Morning Telegraph. Its popularity since the 1970s is due to a promotional campaign by the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau,known now as NYC & Company.
out of phase (Para. 2, Line 3): also “out of sync”, unsynchronized, uncoordinated.
Common Denominator Land (Para. 2, Last sentence): a place with no unique quality of any kind “common denominator”: 公分母，an attribute that is common to all members of a category more inspired architecturally (Para. 3, Lines 2-3): more excellent in architecture as to suggest divine inspiration
Arturo Toscanini (Para. 3, Line 5): 1867–1957, Italian conductor. Toscanini entered a conservatory at age nine, studying cello, piano, and composition. He began his professional life as a cellist. Principally known for his readings of V erdi's operas and Beethoven's symphonies, he also gave remarkable performances of the music of Richard Wagner. The NBC Orchestra was formed for him in 1937, and he conducted it until his retirement in 1954.
NBC Symphony Orchestra (Para. 3, Line 5): a radio orchestra established by David Sarnoff of the
National Broadcasting Company especially for conductor Arturo Toscanini. The NBC Symphony performed weekly radio concert broadcasts with Toscanini and other conductors and served as house orchestra for the network, beginning November 13, 1937 and continuing until 1954 Johnny Carson (Para. 3, Line 7): 1925–2005, host of TV's The Tonight Show for nearly 30 years, from 1962 to 1992. His popularity was so great that he was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 1987, years before his retirement.
preempt the airways from California (Para. 3, Lines 7-8)
“preempt”: take the place of of, have precedence over
“the airways”: the scheduled radio and TV programs
in proximity to (Para. 6, Last sentence): close to. E.g.: The sum is in close proximity to the amount of revenue.
Frederick Law Olmsted (Para. 8, Line 9): 1822–1903, U.S. landscape architect called "the founder of American landscape architecture and the nation's foremost parkmaker" by the National Park Service.
measure up (Para. 9, Line 4): prove capable or fit, meet requirements. E.g.: If she doesn‘t measure up to the job, she’ll just have to leave.
Ivy League (Para. 9, Line 5): an association of 8 universities and colleges in the northeast United States, comprising Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Princeton, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale.
Alfred Kazin (Para. 9, Line 8): 1915–1998, U.S. literary critic. His sweeping historical study of modern American literature, On Native Grounds (1942), won him instant recognition. Much of his criticism appeared in Partisan Review, The New Republic, and The New Yorker.
John Sebastian Bach (Para. 9, Line 9): 1685–1750, the most renowned member of a distinguished family of German musicians and composers, is considered one of the greatest composers in history. His most famous works include The Brandenberg Concertos （《勃兰登堡协奏曲》, Well-Tempered Clavier（《十二平均律曲集》）and Art of the Fugue（《赋格的艺术》）. SoHo: a neighborhood in the Manhattan borough of New York City. In the 1840s and 1850s, it was an area with more bars and brothels than anywhere else in the city. In the mid-20th century, artists began to move in. Seeking to identify their group geographically, they consulted a city Planning Commission map that described the area as "South of Houston", "Houston" being Houston Street. This was shortened to "SoHo", the group voted to call itself the SoHo Artists Association and the name for the neighborhood stuck.
catchy jingles: Examples like Wrigley’s Doublemint Gum: “Double Your Pleasure, Double Your Fun”; McDonalds: "You Deserve a Break Today“; Coca-Cola Company: "I'd Like to Buy The World A Coke”
expense-account : an arrangement whereby certain expenses of an employee in connection with his work are paid for by his employer.
feed on: live on. E.g.: Bats fly at night and feed on insects.
play host to: receive and entertain. E.g.: The harbor is busy night and day, within a year playing host to freighters from more than 30 countries and regions.
Ellis Island: small island in Upper New York Bay –former examination center for immigrants seeking to enter the US.
reckon with: take into account. E.g.: The third-party movement is a force to be reckoned with during the primaries.
jarring juxtapositions “jarring”: conflicting, colliding ←jar: affect in a disagreeable way. E.g.: The iron gate jarred when he opened it.
“juxtaposition”: positioning together, side-by-side position.
5.4.3Grammar
5.4.4Sentence analysis
Para. 1: NY has fallen.
how the mighty has fallen (Para. 1, Lines 3-4): from the Bible. Composed by King David to grieve over the death of Jonathan and Saul. →“How the mighty have fallen in battle! Jonathan lies slain on your heights.
Para. 2: New York isn’t the top anymore.
Para. 3: New York is not a pacesetter (architecture, leisure industry, sports)
Para. 4: There are many other better cities than New York.
Para. 5: Why many Europeans call New York their favorite city.
Para. 6: Multifaceted life in New York.
Para. 7: My feeling towards New York.
Para. 8: Nature’s pleasures are much qualified in New York.
Para. 9: Why I came to and lived in New York
Para. 10: Why many young came to New York.
Para. 11: New York judges.
Para. 12: Admen set the tone yet see the public impersonally.
Para. 13: Lack of cynicism among the younger people and that of clear boundary between serious and popular arts.
Para. 14: Freedom and loneliness characterize New York.
Para. 15: New York is wounded yet not dying.
Para. 16: New Yorkers prefer New York and why
Para. 17: New Yorkers only want to live in New York.
Para. 18: What in New York attract New Yorkers.
Para. 19: New York is a mongrel city.
Para. 20: New York is another UN.
Para. 21: New York is a city of diversity and contrast.
Para. 22: Loving and hating New York alternate.
5.4.5Writing skills
Expository writing
Central theme: 1st sentence of the last paragraph (Loving and hating New York becomes a matter of alternating moods, often in the same day.)
1-5paragraphs: general introduction –the present status of NY city in the US and in the eyes of foreigners
(1) NY has fallen. (Para. 1)
(2) NY isn’t the top anymore
(3) NY isn’t a pacesetter anymore (Para. 2)
(4) NY isn’t a “good”city.
(5) Appeal of NY: charged, nervous atmosphere, vulgar dynamism
Last sentence of Para. 5: Transition
Para. 6 –the end: objective and emotional description of NY, the life and struggle of New Yorkers.
More on love for NY and few on hatred for NY.
5.4.6Students ask teacher questions(10)
6.Activities conducted which are related to the contents of the texts
6.1 Discussion(3
6.2 Peers
6.3 Speech(3tops
6.4 Debates(2tops
6.5 Presentation(3items
6.6 Dubbing
6.7 Language Party
6.8 Talk show
6.9 Body language
7.Consolidation
8.Reflection or assessment
8.1 Teacher and students
8.2 Peers
8.3 Group A.B.C.
9.Homework
9.1 Oral
9.2 Writing
Write a composition talking about Mianyang expressing your likes and dislikes(500words)
10.Referential books(1-3
11.Suggestion to teacher’s teaching(1-3
《高级英语》考试大纲 一、课程性质及课程设置的目的和要求 （一）教学目的： 高级英语是高等教育自学考试英语专业高级阶段（本科）的精读课，属必考课程。在语音、语调、词汇和语法的知识已经掌握，听、说、读、写、译的语言技能已经打好基础后，本课程的重点是：（1）提高阅读理解和词汇运用能力，即能掌握和使用所学的词汇，特别是同义词、近义词的区分和使用，正确理解文章的内容和主题思想，抓住文章的要点，分析文章的结构、语言技巧和修辞特点；（2）提高语言表达能力，即能用英语解释、用汉语翻译文章中的难句，使用英语归纳文章的主题思想，并能对文章的内容进行简单的分析、评论。 在这一阶段，学生应该能用辞典和其他工具书独立解决语言和文化、背景知识方面的难点，提高自学能力，增加自学能力，增加文化知识，尤其是所学语言国家（主要是英、美）的背景和文化知识，更好地使语言和文化结合在一起。 （二）教学要求： 本课程的教学要注重使用以学生为中心的讨论式教学方法。以目标语为授课和课堂交流语言。通过真实的交际型任务，创造好的语言产出环境，以便培养学生使用目标语言在高层次上表达、交流思想和分析问题的能力。同时要注重语言输入的质量和文化内涵，以便让学生得到真实和地道的语言信息。 本课程包括政治、经济、社会、语言、文学、教育、哲学等方面的文章。每课前附有导读课文后附有注释，包括作家介绍，历史背景，有关典故，语言难点并且每篇课文都配有大量的相关练习，包括课文理解、词汇练习、口头练习、中英互译和写作练习等。通过高级英语本课程的学习，学生应达到以下基本要求： （1）词汇：通过课堂学习和其他途径认知词汇达到10，000个，并能熟练地使用其中的4000个及其最常用的搭配，并具有按照构词法识别生词的能力。 （2）阅读：能顺利阅读语言难度较高、内容广泛、体裁多样的文章，掌握中心大意以及说明中心大意的事实和细节，领会作者的观点和态度，能就文章的内容进行预测、分析、推理、判断和综合概括，能分析篇章结构，阅读速度达到每分钟180个词。能顺利查阅和使用工具书，参考书及其他参考资料。 （3）听力：能听懂题材熟悉，内容广泛，语速正常的英语讲话，广播，演讲等，掌握其中心大意，抓住要点和有关的细节，领会讲话者的观点和态度，并能进行分析，推理和综合概括。 （4）口语：能就熟悉的话题进行交流，能就国内外重大问题与外宾进行流利而得体的交流，能系统，深入，连贯地发表自己的见解，语音基本正确，语调自然。 （5）写作：掌握基本的写作知识，能较好地掌握句子之间和段落之间的衔接手段，同时能熟练地使用各种衔接手段连贯地表达思想。能在阅读难度与课文相当的书面材料时作笔记，回答问题，写提纲和摘要。能在半小时内就一定的话题，提纲，表格或图示写出150—200字的短文。能写报告，评论，和日常应用文，内容完整，思路清楚。 （6）翻译：能运用翻译的理论和技巧，借助字典，将英美报刊上的文章和文学原著译成汉语或能将我国报刊，杂志上的文章译成英语，译文达意，语言通顺，译速为每小时英文为300单词，中文为250个汉字。 （7）文化：熟悉英语国家的地理，历史，文化传统和风俗习惯，具有较多的人文知识和科技知识。 二、课程内容 本课程教材共《高级英语》（上）和《高级英语》（下）两册。 教材精选课文32篇，每册16篇。读懂这32篇课文，并在此基础上完成课文后面练习题为考
高级英语第二册第一课 教案 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
Teaching Plan for Unit 1 I. Warming-up conversation 1. What's the topic of your conversation after you came back from home to the campus yesterday? (Teacher show them some phrases and expressions about New Year, and let them have a formal conversation in standard English.) 2. What kind of conversation do you prefer, the casual free talk in the dormitory or the conversation held in class Why 3.Analysis of the Title Pub is usually a place for low class people to get together. They meet friends there or go there to have a drink or just to relax. And what about the language How is it related to language To King’s language which belongs to the upper class or the well-educated people. How could these two totally unrelated things put together II.Background Information of the Text and the Author This topic can be introduced in several ways: 1.Chinese people’s oral English are commonly commented by foreigners or foreign teachers as “bookish” English; 2.by telling a joke about the first Chinese delegation to visit soviet union after China’s opening its door to the outside world. The soviet union asked an old scholar as an interpreter and his Chinese is like the ancient classic Chinese. 3.just to raise some question like the different expressions, such as standard English, social dialect, regional dialect, or writers of local colorism, such as Mark Twain or Jia Pinwa in China. 4.or the topic might be introduced by mentioning the “plain English movement” in academic writing. III.Detailed Study of the text
高级英语写作教案示范 Section One Choice of words措辞 The choice of words from one’s vocabulary can affect his writing style. Let’s look at two groups of words and compare them: Pretentious Wording(fml.) Common Wording(standard) in regards to concerning, about utilize use elucidate explain prior to before because of the fact because of the opinion believe ascertain find out commence begin When selecting words to use in an essay it is important to remember the four levels of diction: 1)Formal—Highly educated audience: ceremonial, scholarly or technical purpose. 2)Standard—Educated audience: college papers, mass publications, business communications, and many other writing purposes. 3)Informal—General audience: spoken rather than written situations, personal letters, conversational and entertaining purposes. 4)Slang—Specific audience: used to enhance the writing through dialogue essential to the character, such as in novels; or to build connections between members of a specific group or generation. Exercises: 1. In each sentence below, choose the more precise of the two words in brackets and fill in the blank with your choice: 1).A judge must be ______ in the cases he tries. (uninterested, disinterested) A few listeners were _____ and dozed off. disinterested, uninterested 2). Your niece impressed me as sweet and _____. (childish, childlike) Though she has grown up, her behavior is often _____. childlike, childish 3). The President spoken on the radio to the ____. (land, nation) nation 4).Why were you so ____ about your achievements? (humble, modest) modest 5).She has become very _____ since marrying him. (respectable, respectful) People are serious and _____ at religious services. respectable, respectful
第一课中东的集市 中东的集市仿佛把你带回到了几百年、甚至几千年前的时代。此时此刻显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市，其入口处是一座古老的砖石结构的哥特式拱门。你首先要穿过一个赤日耀眼、灼热逼人的大型露天广场，然后走进一个凉爽、幽暗的洞穴。这市场一直向前延伸，一眼望不到尽头，消失在远处的阴影里。赶集的人们络绎不绝地进出市场，一些挂着铃铛的小毛驴穿行于这熙熙攘攘的人群中，边走边发出和谐悦耳的叮当叮当的响声。市场的路面约有十二英尺宽，但每隔几码远就会因为设在路边的小货摊的挤占而变窄；那儿出售的货物各种各样，应有尽有。你一走进市场，就可以听到摊贩们的叫卖声，赶毛驴的小伙计和脚夫们大着嗓门叫人让道的吆喝声，还有那些想买东西的人们与摊主讨价还价的争吵声。各种各样的噪声此伏彼起，不绝于耳，简直叫人头晕。 随后，当往市场深处走去时，人口处的喧闹声渐渐消失，眼前便是清静的布市了。这里的泥土地面，被无数双脚板踩踏得硬邦邦的，人走在上面几乎听不到脚步声了，而拱形的泥砖屋顶和墙壁也难得产生什么回音效果。布店的店主们一个个都是轻声轻气、慢条斯理的样子；买布的顾客们在这种沉闷压抑的气氛感染下，自然而然地也学着店主们的榜样，变得低声细语起来。 中东集市的特点之一是经销同类商品的店家，为避免相互间的竞争，不是分散在集市各处，而是都集中在一块儿，这样既便于让买主知道上哪儿找他们，同时他们自己也可以紧密地联合起来，结成同盟，以便保护自己不受欺侮和刁难。例如，在布市上，所有那1些卖衣料、窗帘布、椅套布等的商贩都把货摊一个接一个地排设在马路两边，每一个店铺门面前都摆有一列商品的搁板桌和一些存放货物的货架。讨价还价是人们习以为常的事。头戴面纱的妇女们迈着悠闲的步子从一个店铺逛到另一个店铺，一边挑选一边问价；在她们缩小选择围并开始正儿八经杀价之前，往往总要先同店主谈论几句，探探价底。 对于顾客来说，至关重要的一点是，不到最后一刻是不能让店主猜到她心里究竟中意哪样东西、想买哪样东西的。假如让店主猜中了她所要买的商品的话，他便会漫天要价，而且在还价过程中也很难作出让步。而在卖主那一方来说，他必须竭尽全力地声称，他开出的价钱使他根本无利可图，而他之所以愿意这样做完全是出于他本人对顾客的敬重。顾客有时来了又去，去了又来，因此，像这样讨价还价的情形有可能持续一整天，甚至好几天。 集市上最引人注目、给人印象最深刻的地方之一是铜器市场。你一走近这里，耳朵里便只听得见金属器皿互相碰击时所发出的一阵阵砰砰啪啪、丁丁当当的响声；走得越近，响声便越来越大，越来越清晰。直待你走到拐角处一转弯，眼前便出现了锃亮的铜器，它们映照着无数盏明灯和火盆，流光飞舞，有如仙境。每个铜匠铺子里都有几个徒工——他们都是一些男性青少年，其中有的年龄小得让人难以置信——在那里不停地锤打着一些形状各异、大小不一的铜器，而铺子的老板则在一旁指点着，有时也亲自操锤敲打几下。铺子的后边，还有一个小不点儿的徒工在那里用一根拴在大脚趾上的绳子鼓动着一个巨大的皮风箱，煽着一大炉炭火——燃烧着的木炭随着风箱的鼓动而有节奏地变得忽明忽暗。 在这里，你会看到许多精美的锅碗瓢盆，上面雕刻着各种精细复杂的传统图案，也能看到一些当地人日常使用的质朴无华的厨房用具，虽无花纹图案，但造形美观，经济实用。再走一处便是地毯市场。这儿有各种质地的地毯，它们色彩斑炯，花纹图案富有地方特色—
高级英语写作教案示范 Part Two Basic Skill’s Training 基本技能训练 I.Teaching Materials See Part Two II.Teaching Aims 1.Teach the students how to use the most useful words appropriately. 2.Help the students make correct judgement about their own language mistakes and teach them to find out the correct ways to avoid the inappropriate, unidiomatic expressions. III.Teaching Time: 4 periods IV.Teaching Focuses 1.Unique ways of making correct judgement in choosing proper words to express oneself in writing. 2.General rules of correcting wordiness and omission in language. V.Teaching Procedures 1.Step One—Ask the students how many levels are there in language according to them? 2.Step Two—Give out some exercises concerning with the false usage of language and make corrections in class. 3.Step Three—Analysis and brief summary of each type of basic language training. 4.Step Four—Assignment VI.Detailed study of step one: a discussion on the formality of the words in different situations. VII.Detailed study of step two. Section One Choice of words措辞 The choice of words from one’s vocabulary can affect his writing style. Let’s look at two groups of words and compare them: Pretentious Wording(fml.) Common Wording(standard) in regards to concerning, about utilize use
高级英语课程教学大纲 一、课程基本信息 课程代码：0305220308 课程类别：必修课 学时：总144学时；4学时/周 学分：8 适用专业：英语专业 开课院（系）：国际关系学院、翻译学院 开课学期：2011～2012学年 二、课程性质和任务 本课程系英语专业高年级阶段的一门训练学生英语综合技能和综合素质的主干课程，是语言学、文学、高级听力、高级写作的重要支撑。 本课程通过指导学生阅读情感、中西文化、哲学、文学、社会、教育、经济、政治、语言、环境等不同话题文章和拓展阅读材料，系统地讲授和讨论各类文体和话题的英语佳作的谋篇策略、修辞手段、阅读技巧、写作技巧等方面的综合知识，要求学生在熟练掌握英语语音、语法和词汇的基础上，能较系统地掌握英文修辞知识、基本逻辑和谋篇布局方法，提高阅读赏析能力、概括能力、表达能力，同时扩宽学生的知识面，构建通识知识框架，增强对文化差异的敏感性，培养学生发现问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力、批判性思维能力、自主学习能力。 三、教学目标及教学要求 本课程通过指导学生阅读和欣赏文体不同、话题广泛的英文文章和拓展材料，以期从把握语言特点、谋篇策略、修辞手段、阅读技巧和写作技巧等方面深化学生的语言综合技能；同时，通过不同话题的探讨，扩宽学生的知识面，构建通识知识框架，培养的概括能力、发现问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力、批判性思维能力、自主学习能力和认知能力等人文综合能力，从而提高学生的综合素质。 四、教学内容及学时分配 以下各单元的Section A作为课堂教学的内容，Section B作为拓展课及讨论课的内容。 Unit 1 Emotion（12学时） 目的要求：要求学生通过学习富有生活趣味和人生哲理的散文，反思自己的人生及情感体验，提高对人生的感性认识。把握叙事和论辩的艺术和策略，提升自己的表达能力和写作能力。基本内容： Section A The Woman in the Kitchen
Unit Three Ships in the Desert Teaching Object: English majors of junior year Time: 8 periods Teaching Aims: ·To enable students to get better understanding of the text ·To help students learn to use new words and useful expressions in the text ·To enable students learn to paraphrase some complicated sentences ·To enable students to learn the use of rhetoric devices in the text ·To help students appreciate the techniques of argumentative writing ·To arouse students’ awareness of enviromental protection Teaching Focus: ·Background Information ·Language points and expressions ·Main idea summarizing ·Figures of speech ·Writing practice Teaching Difficulties: ·Appreciation of argumentative writing style ·Paraphrasing some sentences ·Identifying figures of speech ·Translating some sentences Teaching Procedures: ·Background information ·Question to ponder ·Structural analysis ·Detailed study of the text ·Writing skills ·Exercises Time Allocation：8 periods, 360minutes ·Background information (45 minutes) ·Intensive study of the text (225 minutes) ·Exercise (90 minutes) I. Background Information AL Gore: born in I948 in Washington D.C., U.S. Senator (1984-1992) from the State of Tennessee, and U.S. Vice-President (1992-2000) under President Bill Clinton. He failed to won the great presidential election in 2000 with a controversial results. Some people say his failure was, to a large extent, a result of the negative effects of Clinton's scandal. But more people are convincing that he will win next time. He is the author of the book Earth in the Balance from which this piece is taken. Global warming: the earth is getting warmer due to the heat from gas in industry, and surfs heat accumulated because of too many man-made pollutants. The
《高级英语1》教学大纲 课程类别：专业核心课（必修） 课程代码：H131025 中文名称：高级英语1 英文名称：Advanced English 1 学时学分：64学时/4学分 预修课程：基础英语、英语泛读、语法 适用专业：英语 开课学院：外国语学院 一、课程的地位、目标和任务 《高级英语1》是英语专业本科高级阶段（第五学期）的一门专业核心必修课，该门课是低年级基础英语课程的延伸和发展，其重点在于提高学生阅读理解和词汇运用能力，即能掌握和使用所学词汇，特别是同义词、近义词的区分和使用，正确理解文章的内容和主题思想，抓住文章的要点，分析文章的结构、语言技巧和修辞特点；提高学生语言表达能力，能用英语表达与交流思想；提高学生逻辑思维和判断评述能力，能用英语归纳文章的主题思想，并能对文章的内容进行简单的分析、评论。学生能用辞典和其它工具书独立解决语言、文化以及背景知识方面的难点，增加文化知识，尤其是英语语言国家的背景知识和文化知识，更好地将语言和文化结合起来。 二、与相关课程的联系与分工 本课程的预修课程是基础英语、英语阅读和英语语法，这些课程的学习是学好高级英语的前提和基础，高级英语是这些课程的进一步拓展和延伸。 三、教学方法 教学活动可以采用如下形式：学生根据教学指令完成书上所规定的任务；教师进行讲解活动；学生一对一对地讨论和活动；学生以小组为单位讨论和活动；一人对全班或小组之间开展活动；小组对小组之间开展活动；如果有平行班，可以进行班级对班级之间的交流活动；教师与学生之间讨论和活动。活动的组合应该经常变动，鼓励学生尽可能地扩大接触其他学生的机会。教学活动的成败取决于如下因素：是否帮助学生明确任务目的和要求；是否对任务的难度进行了调整；是否给学生提供了“范例”；在任务过程中是否给学生提供了及时的支持（如解释语言、提供语言形式、澄清思路等）。本课程的教学可采用多媒体作为辅助教学手段能够达到更好的教学效果。 四、学时分配
“课程思政”教学案例（附说明） 一、案例名称（主题） 比照中美经济发展模式差异，坚定“四个自信”，建设富强民主的社会主义现代化强国 二、结合章节 英语专业：《高级英语II》第十四单元浮士德经济学（《高级英语第二册》第三版重排版） 三、教学目标 1.知识目标 词汇知识：掌握课文中的新词汇与表达，拓展有关经济学、经济发展规律、中美经济发展模式的中英文表述。 语篇知识：了解说明文的语篇特点，语篇衔接与连贯。 文化知识：了解美国经济发展的历史条件、制约因素、模式特点，以及相较于美国经济发展模式，中国特色社会主义经济发展模式的制度优越性。 2.能力目标 综合英语应用能力：围绕中美经济发展模式的主题，通过听、说、读、写、译等语言技能训练，提高学生的综合英语应用能力。 跨文化交际能力：通过比照中美经济发展模式差异，探讨两者历史条件及模式特点，提高学生跨文化交际能力，培养学生运用英文进行中国文化表达的能力。
逻辑思辨能力：引导学生辩证地思考、分析中美经济发展模式的差异，通过对西方经济发展模式的批判性思辨及讨论，培养学生逻辑思辨能力。 3.素质目标 思想道德：增强学生对我国社会主义经济发展模式的认同与信心，坚定“四个自信”，树立为中华民族伟大复兴而努力奋斗的坚强决心。人文素养：培养学生传承中国优秀传统文化及价值理念，帮助学生形成正确的国家和民族认同。 专业素质：通过比照及思辨，培养学生运用中英双语表述中国特色社会主义的发展观，表达中国立场，传播中国文化的能力和素质。 四、案例意义 以“比照中美经济发展模式差异”为授课主题，引入有关“四个自信”的思政元素。通过了解浮士德经济学的概念、内容、实质，以及中国特色社会主义四个自信的有关表述和内涵，引导学生认识浮士德经济学发展模式的实质，并对比分析中西方经济发展模式的差异。通过分析说明美国现行经济模式是一种基于无节制地消耗自然资源的浮士德经济，帮助学生进一步理解美国经济发展模式的本质，能够正确认识“四个自信”的重要价值，批判西方现行经济发展模式，增强对中国特色社会主义发展道路的自信。 五、教学过程 本单元教学过程包括课前准备、教学主题呈现、课堂讲解与讨论、观点分享与课后拓展四个部分，计划8个学时。其中课前准备与课后
0901班 俸翠红 A Rural Market The rural market did not disappear like the most feudalism background markets which were famous for realm characters until now. Because of a revolution policy which was revolved the interests of the hosts even the neighbors the market was injured in youth, and it had already been a charismatic old man, persistent and dignified. Truthfully, whoever you were, you would be attracted by the marvelous scenic, and the market wasn’t violated that was to a vast expanse of the land. Deserve to be mentioned, the sun sometimes shines brightly, but suddenly a period of rain comes upon the market, you couldn’t know and without any resistant. At the moment the people in the rural market did not know what to do, however, it was a great gospel to the timely rain from which the dry and dusty market benefited the glowing. The rural market didn’t surround much different buildings, looking far and wide in a two-storey building, So it was no doubt that the centre market got together large numbers of buyers and sellers about three or four hours at forenoon. Y ou passed crowds from the shouting vigorously by sellers, and of would be purchasers
《高级英语Ⅰ》课程教学大纲 一、课程基本信息 课程名称：高级英语Ⅰ课程英文名称: Advanced EnglishⅠ 课程类别: 专业基础课课程属性：必修 学分：3 学时：54学期共1学期 考核方式：笔试＋口试 二、课程性质及教学目的 根据《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》培养目标要求，高等院校英语专业要培养具有扎实的基本功、宽广的知识面、一定的相关专业知识、有较强适应能力、应变能力、自主能力和良好身心素质的复合型英语人才。在基础阶段的英语教学完成以后，必须继续进行更高一级的英语阅读教学。高级英语课程是英语专业基础阶段综合英语课程在高层次上的延续，是一门训练学生阅读理解、语法修辞与写作能力的综合英语技能课程，是一门专业必修课。 顺应时代和社会的要求，我系高年级综合英语教研组在总结传统教学经验、在探索新的教学理念、学习现代教育技术的基础上，以语言教学理论和多媒体网络教学技术理论为基础，以更新教学内容和手段、重组教学结构为出发点，大力改革高级英语课堂教学模式，把课堂教学和多媒体网络技术相结合，寻求以学生为中心的互动性、协作性、个性化的高年级综合英语教学模式。学生通过多媒体课堂教学、课后自主学习，巩固和深化语言基础知识、提高词义辨析能力，扩大词汇量，阅读和分析涉及政治、经济、社会、语言、文学、教育、哲学等方面的名家作品，扩大知识面，加深对社会和人生的理解；培养学生对名篇分析和欣赏能力，逻辑思维与独立思考能力，使学生增强对文化差异的敏感性；初步了解各种修辞手段和各种写作技巧；使学生能够熟悉常用的文学、科技等词汇；并引发学习者对社会、历史、科学和文化等重大问题的自我思考能力，全面发展学生的语言技能、思辨能力、赏析能力、解决问题的能力，从而培养学生的语言综合运用能力，提高其自主学习、持续学习的能力。
Lesson Three Pub Talk and the King’s English Background Information Henry Fairlie: he was born in London, came to the U.S. in the mid-1960s, working for The New Republic. He is known as a feisty 活跃的chronicler年代纂辑of U.S. politics and moes. He died at the age of 66, after a stroke and heart attack. Pub: also known as the public house, is a center of social life for a large number of people (esp. men) in Britain. Pubs, besides offering a wide variety of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks and providing hot and cold food, serve as places for meeting friends and for entertainment. Many have, for instance, television sets, amusement machines and juke-boxes and provide facilities for playing darts, billiards, dominoes and similar games. Some also employ musicians for evening entertainment, such as piano playing, folk singing and modern jazz. Metaphor from a cognitive linguistic point of view Metaphors, according to the cognitive linguists, are something more than rhetorical device or phenomenon; they reflect people’s way of thinking about things. Throughout their book Metaphors We Live By, Lakoff and Johnson repeatedly remind us that metaphor is a basic means of human cognition of the real world, a way of thinking, a mode of knowing the world and a manner of conceptualizing the experiences. A popular belief of the cognitive linguistics is that metaphor is the process of the mapping or projection from the source concept onto the target concept. eg. Her anger boiled over. HUMAN BODY IS A CONTAINER/ANGER IS FLUID. Thus the fact that when fluid in a container is heated beyond a certain limit, it will overflow corresponds to the fact that when anger increases beyond a certain limit, a person will lose control and has a catharsis 宣泄of his overwhelming anger. Nash: Thomas Nash or Nashe (1567-1601) was a journalist with a keen weapon of satire, whose pamphlets appealed to public interest in serious questions, such as the power of the bishops, and in private scandal. Dekker: Thomas Dekker, through his plays his individuality is distinctly reflected—a sunny light-hearted nature, full of real, even if somewhat disorderly genius. Detailed Study of the Text §Why does the essay have this title? What do pub talk and the King’s English stand for respectively? Pub talk stands for informal and daily conversation while the King’s English stands for formal language used by the King. P 1: §What’s the topic sentence of this para? What’s the function of the first sentence? The topic sentence of this para is “And it is an activity only of humans.” The first sentence is the theme of this essay, which is repeated in many places in this essay. the King’s/Queen’s English: the supposedly correct or standard English (esp. British English) as to grammar and pronunciation Conversation…human activities. sociable: friendly/agreeable, esp. in an easy, informal way More than any other human activity, conversation helps to promote an agreeable, pleasant and informal relationship among people. And it is an activity only of humans. And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings (animals and birds are not capable of conversation). However intricate…name of conversation. communicate: to give or exchange information, signal/messages in any way deserve the name of: to have a right to be called, be worthy of the name of No matter how complicated the manner in which animals make known their intentions to each other, they do not go in for any activity which might rightly be called conversation.
Teaching Plan for Unit 1 I. Warming-up conversation 1. What's the topic of your conversation after you came back from home to the campus yesterday (Teacher show them some phrases and expressions about New Year, and let them have a formal conversation in standard English.) 2. What kind of conversation do you prefer, the casual free talk in the dormitory or the conversation held in class Why of the Title Pub is usually a place for low class people to get together. They meet friends there or go there to have a drink or just to relax. And what about the language How is it related to language To King’s language which belongs to the upper class or the well-educated people. How could these two totally unrelated things put together Information of the Text and the Author This topic can be introduced in several ways: people’s oral English are commonly commented by foreigners or foreign teachers as “bookish” English; telling a joke about the first Chinese delegation to visit soviet union a fter China’s opening its door to the outside world. The soviet union asked an old scholar as an interpreter and his Chinese is like the ancient classic Chinese. to raise some question like the different expressions, such as standard English, social dialect, regional dialect, or writers of local colorism, such as Mark Twain or Jia Pinwa in China. the topic might be introduced by mentioning the “plain English movement” in academic writing.