2012广州二模及答案

2012年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）I语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从〗5各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I woke up this morning with a fright ！There appeared to be a mouse in my bed tickling my nose and 1 ____ scratching me. It had to be a mouse, for those tiny sharp little nails were scratching me all across my 2 ____ .It couldn't have been a(n) 3 ____ as I didn't own any pets；it couldn't have been a rat, because if what I had read about rats was 4 ____ ，their sharp teeth could 5 ____ their way through solid stone. They do this because their front teeth never stop growing and this is the only way to keep them 6 ____.I didn't dare to open my eyes and face the 7 ____ of the disgusting mouse in the bed with me.I felt so dirty and 8 I didn't want to change my position cither, 9 ____ the mouse would slide onto other areas of my body, which would 10 ____ give me horrible dreams for years to come! Despite my fears, I finally decided to swiftly 1 ____ 1 the mouse away. But it 12 ____ ！I did it again and again and it kept coming back, every single time.There was no way out. I had to face my enemy. I took a breath, gathered my 13 ____ and slowly opened my eyes. To my relief, I saw something far 14 ____ than a mouse and it all came back to me.I had put my baby daughter Rebecca into bed beside me after her first bottle in the morning ！That also reminded me: I needed to trim (修剪）her 15 ____1. A. warmly B. lightly C. wildly D. thoroughly2. A. foot B. hand C. stomach D. face3. A. mouse B. insect C. cat D.fly4. A. true B. suitable C. interesting D. clear5. A. fight B. pull C. carve D. wind6. A. strong B. sharp C. slim D. short7. A. horror B. thought C. risk D. cost8. A. tired B. stupid C. uncomfortable D. disappointed9. A hoping B. fearing C. assuming D. doubting10.A. gradually B. temporarily C. surely D. hardly11.A. throw B. brush C. keep D. send12.A. returned B. repeated C. dropped D. stayed13.A. memories B. thoughts C. energy D. courage14 A. softer B. cuter C. uglier D. worse15 A. hair B. feet C. nails D. fingers第二节语法填空（共10小题；钻小题1. 5分，满分15分）：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号屮词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16-25的相应位置上。

Inequality between men and women results in poorer health for children and greater familypoverty(贫穷)，according to a new study. The UN agency Unicef found that, 16 _____ the situation has slightly improved, many women are still not included in family decisions，17_____ as a result their children are more likely to suffer from poor health.The main finding of the 30-country survey is that equality between men and women is vital to 18 _____ (improve) living standards and health, especially for children in developing countries. The conclusions arc contained in the agency’ s 19 _____ (late) report. This report points to a lack of opportunities for girls and women in education and work，which contributes 20_____ their poverty and lack of power. Where men control the household, less money 21_____ ( spend) on healthcare and food，22_____ results in poorer health for children.An increase in 23 _____ (employ) opportunities for women would increase 24_____ household power, the report said. For example, the agency found that whoever has more household income decides 25_____ or not it will be used for family needs.II阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节阅读理解（共2O小题；每小题2分，满分4O分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AWhen the SS Gairsoppa was sunk by a German war boat 70 years ago，it took its huge silver cargo to a watery grave. Today, US divers are working to recover what may be the biggest shipwreck treasure ever.The Florida-based company Odyssey Marine Exploration announced that it had found the Gairsoppa, and cited official documents indicating the British ship was carrying some 219 tons of silver when it sank in 1941 in the North Atlantic f some 300 miles off the Irish coast.Valued then at£600,000, the silver today is worth about $ 210 million, which would make it history's largest recovery of precious metals lost at sea.“We've accomplished the first stage of this project —the location and identification of the target shipwreck —and now we're hard at work planning for the recovery stage，”Odyssey project manager Andrew Craig said.Under the terms of an agreement reached between Odyssey and the British government，the company will retain 80 percent of the silver it can recover from the wreck.The 412-foot Gairsoppa had been sailing from India back to Britain in February 1941 carrying a cargo of silver, iron and tea, when a storm hit. Running low on fuel, the ship was forced to change direction and headed for Galway，Ireland，the nearest port of safety.It never made it，sunk by a German torpedo in the contested waters of the North Atlantic. Of the 85 people on board，only one survived.The Gairsoppa came to rest nearly 15 ,400 feet below the surface, where for decades it was lost to the world. All previous efforts to locate the shipwreck failed.New photographs released by the Oddesy show clear details of the ship，including the hole blown open by the torpedo. The find highlights the influential role that modern technologies，such as global positioning systems and deepwater robots，have come to play in the business of finding shipwrecks.Odyssey president Mark Gordon said, "The majority of the world's ocean floor has not yet been explored. We know more about the surface of the moon than we know about the deepest parts of the oceans. It's exciting to be working at depths like these and to be among the pioneers of thisunexplored frontier, ”26. What caused the ship to sink?A. A dangerous storm.B. A German attack.C. A loss of direction.D. An accidental explosion.27. Where was the ship headed when it sank?A. India.B. Ireland.C. The United States.D. Britain.28. Which of the following about the Gairsoppa is true?A. All the passengers aboard were killed.B. Some of its treasures have already been recovered.C. It is under more than 15,000 meters of water.D. It is officially owned by the British government.29. Why has it taken so many years to find the location of the ship?A. The required technology was not available before,B. People had completely forgotten the ship had been sunk.C. Search permission had previously been refused.D. Official ship records have only recently been discovered.30. What does Mark Gordon think of deep-sea exploration?A. It is more difficult than space exploration.B. It is a very expensive activity.C. It is still in its early stage.D. It can make explorers very rich，BI live in Mumbai, India, a big city, but I came from a remote Kerala village. When I was a- boy, hardly anyone spoke English around me. So, at age nine, Dad sent me to Montfort, an exclusive boarding school. There, I had to speak English or be punished. My uniform was typical English public school ：grey jacket，tie，and black leather shoes 一so different from the clothes most people in my village wore. And our official school sport was cricket, something I'd never heard of, let alone played, before arriving.Montfort had been built for the children of the British officials who once ruled India ’ but by the time I arrived in 1961, nearly all the students were from powerful Indian families. Its English traditions, however, continued.When I returned home for the holidays still wearing my uniform, people stared at me like I was an alien. ”Speak some English,“ they teased. Looking back, I unwittingly brought a bit o f English culture to my village.But English and too much Western influence are precisely what many traditionalists and politicians fear. They ask：Will such influences finish off our own culture?Various leaders have tried to erase the British traditions, pulling down old British statues and replacing many British-rule city names with older native names. Some even advocate changing our weekly day of rest from the "Western" Sunday to the “Hindu" Tuesday.Extreme responses I say. You can't change history, and it's only natural for foreign influences to affect a nation's culture. So Indian culture, as it is today, is really a mixture derived from centuries of foreign invasions.Add to that the massive changes of the 20th century resulting from the television, jet-age travel, the Internet, etc.Everything from clothes and language to food keeps changing, yet we remain Indian. I believe that Asian cultures are too ancient and deep-rooted to be weakened by foreign influences.Allow me to illustrate ray point. Some time ago, I took my visiting Singapore-born-and- raised cousin to a Chinese restaurant for dinner. Later, while driving home，I talked about the fine Chinese food we'd just had."Was that Chinese food?" my cousin exclaimed. “Oh, I didn't know. “ It must have tasted too Indian for him to realise it.Meanwhile, like countless others, my village has transformed over the past decades. Many people wear modern clothes and TV brings cricket into local homes. There's even an English- language school，where you can hear kids giggling，yelling，flirting —all in English，but with an Indian accent. Just like the Chinese food you get in India.Are these foreign influences something to worry about? I don't think so. India's Chinese food tastes pretty good to me!31. What can we infer about the author?A. He was a supporter of British rule in India.B. He came from a wealthy family.C. His family was unpopular in the village.D. He was partly educated in Britain.32. Which of the following are mentioned by the author as British influences on Indian society?a. Place namesb. Languagec. Foodd. Architecturee. Sportf. EducationA. a, b, d, eB. b, d, e, fC. a, b, e, fD. b, c, e, f33. Why does the author use the example of Chinese food in India?A. To show how foreign customs are adapted to suit local conditions.B. To argue that overseas influences have enriched the lives of local people.C. To explain why foreign influences on local culture should be limited.D. To indicate the loss of local cultural traditions resulting from foreign influences.34. In the last part of the passage, the author again refers to his village to show .A. life there has improved a lotB. its culture has become less IndianC. culture continues to change over timeD. his disapproval of modern youth35. The main purpose of the passage is to .A. informB. persuadeC. describeD. criticiseCAre you an optimist? Do you look at your glass and see it as half full? Do you believe that every cloud has a silver lining and that generally things turn out for the best? Do you believe that if something is meant to be, it will be? If you reply "yes" to all of these questions, then you are an optimist. You probably are enthusiastic，cheerful and outgoing. You may well be successful at work and in love.But you may be misguided because things don't turn out for the best. You may believe that when one door closes another one opens (for example，you may fail to land a new job，another chance will come around soon), Wrong. When one door closes, another door slams in your face. That's bitter reality.Now a book has been published which confirms what we pessimists (悲观者）have suspected all along. It's called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism. Its author argues that defensivepessimism can lead to positive results. Defensive pessimism is a strategy used to manage fear，anxiety and worry. Defensive pessimists prepare for things by setting low outcomes for themselves. They carefully consider everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to handle these problems. And this gives them a sense of control. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor, says, "What's interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very successful people, so their low opinion of the situation's outcomes is not realistic. They use it to motivate themselves to perform better. ”So far, so good. This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong, whether at work, on a date or even in a sports game. It makes sense to have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English urging caution. For example, “Don't put all your eggs in one basket," and “Don't count your chickens until they hatch. “To have a confident and optimistic approach to life's problems is good. But listen to what Woody Alien ，the American comedian says, ”Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem.“There are pros and cons to being an optimist and a pessimist. Don't feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are a realist. But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.36. What is the passage mainly about?A. A book that has recently been published.B. The dangers of being too optimistic.C. The benefits of defensive pessimism.D. How to become successful in life.37. The underli ned word “ it" in paragraph 3 refers to_____.A. the final outcomeB. their low opinionC. people's motivationD. their performance38. The underlined sentence “This is not rocket science" in paragraph 4 means_____.A. the cost is not so highB. there is no real proofC. it's not a dangerous thing to doD. it is quite simple to understand39. The writer would probably describe himself as_____.A. an optimistB. a realistC. a defeatistD. a scientist40. Which of the following English expressions would a defensive pessimist believe?A. “Every cloud has a silver lining.B. "The glass is half full not half empty. ，C. "Whatever will be, will be.D. “Don't put all your eggs in one basket.DDuring lectures, my students often ask which is the most difficult language to learn. It's not easy to answer because there are many factors to take into consideration. For a person's first language these factors are unimportant because people learn their mother tongue naturally. So the question of how hard a language is to learn is only relevant when learning a second language.Studies have shown that native speakers of Spanish find Portuguese much easier to learn than, say, native speakers of Chinese, because Portuguese is very similar to Spanish, while Chinese is very different. So a person's first language affects their learning of a second language. The greater the differences between a second language and the first, the harder it will be for most people to learn. Many Westerners think that Chinese is the hardest language to learn because of its writing systemand pronunciation. But for Japanese speakers, who already use Chinese characters in their own language, learning writing is less difficult than for speakers of languages using the Roman alphabet.A recent study reported that British embassy staff found that the second hardest language to learn was Japanese. More surprising was the language that they found most problematic — Hungarian. In this case the issue was not the writing system (as both English and Hungarian use a similar alphabet) but grammatical complexity. Hungarian has 35 cases (forms of a noun according to whether it is subject, object, genitive, etc. ) and it was this that caused the British diplomatic personnel most difficulty. One suspects they would have even more problems with Tabassaran, a Caucasian language with 48 cases, if they ever had to learn it.Teachers and the circumstances in which a language is learned also play important roles，as does each learner's motivation for learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it professionally, they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day-to-day life.Put simply，no language is easy Io learn well，though languages which are related to our first language are easier. Learning a completely different writing system is a huge challenge, but that does not necessarily make a language more difficult than another. In the end, it is impossible to say that there is one language that is the most difficult language in the world.41. According to the passage, who is likely to have the most difficulty learning a new language?A. A Korean person learning French.B. A Spanish person learning Portuguese.C. A German person learning English.D. A Chinese person learning Japanese.42. Which language do British embassy staff find most difficult to learn? .A. Japanese.B. Caucasian.C. Hungarian.D. Tabassaran.43. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor affecting language learning?A. The amount of time spent studying the new language.B. The environment in which language learning takes place.C. The reasons a person has for learning the new language.D. The similarity between a person's first language and the new language.44. Why does the author believe there's no single hardest language?A. All languages are equally difficult to learn well.B. With enough effort, any language can be learned well.C. There is not enough evidence to make any final conclusion.D. People's background and learning situations determine which language is hardest.45. The writer is probably_____.A. a language learnerB. a language teacherC. a newspaper journalistD. an embassy officialIII 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）你校英语角的模拟市长论坛将就“As mayor, I will…”这一话题展开讨论。