2020高考英语易错语法点专题一名词(解析版)

专题01 冠词、名词2022年高考真题1.（2022新高考I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.答案：the解析：考查冠词。

句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。

本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。

故填the。

2．（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.答案：A解析：考查冠词。

句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。

根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。

故填A。

3.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.答案：the解析：考查非谓语动词。

句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。

特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。

故填the。

4.（2022年浙江1月真题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.答案：the解析：考查冠词。

2020高考英语名词性从句考点解读1.[2018 •全国卷H] I m not sure is more frightened , me or the female gorilla （大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.2.[2016 •浙江卷自选模块] Recently, I asked her gave her the confidence to keep challenging the status quo（现状）.3.[2016 •全国卷曲文改错] My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.4.[2016 •全国卷则文改错] The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.5.[2016 • d匕京卷变式] Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.考点一that引导的名词性从句规则that引导的主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句连词that在引导名词性从句日本身没有意义，在从句中不担任任何句子成分，但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时不能省略。

在宾语从句中有时可省略。

①As I searched the name Linda on the Internet ,it became evident that there re two with the same name who look completely different.当我在网上搜索Linda这个名字的时候，很显然有两个看着完全不同但姓名相同的人。

（主语从句）②I find it necessary that we should spend more time practising spoken English.我发现我们有必要花更多时间练习英语口语。

高考语法复习10 名词性从句【走进高考】1.【 2018 ·北京】Without his support, we wouldn’ t be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why【答案】C【分析】考察名词性从句。

句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在此刻这个地点的。

how表方式，when表时间， where表地址，why表原由。

“_________ we are now 是”表语从句，联合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的地点，故该从句应用where指引。

C 选项正确。

2.【 2018 ·北京】This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what【答案】D【分析】考察名词性从句。

句意：这是我父亲教我的——老是要面对困难，抱最大的希望。

"________ my father has taught me"是表语从句，该空在从句做teach 的宾语，且表示“父亲教我的道理”，故该从句应用what引导。

D 选项正确。

指引名词性从句时，how表示方式，意为“怎样”；which意为“哪一个”， that在此只起引导从句的作用，不做成分。

3.【 2018 ·天津】The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever【答案】C【分析】考察名词性从句连结词。

句意：不论谁获取自行车竞赛第一名，金牌将授与他。

剖析句子可知，宾语从句中缺乏主语，故用whoever ，表示“任何人，不论谁”。

一、语法专项1. I certainly appreciate his ______ (tell)us about the delay in delivering the materials because we had planned to begin work tomorrow.2. These three college students are real heroes because they risked his ______ (lose) their own lives in order to save the drowning boys in the water.3. I really appreciate your ______ (lend) me the money to help me out.4. The married couple regularly discussed the life habits they find ______ (annoy) in each other.5. — What is it that made Peter so happy and excited?—______ (choose) as a volunteer for Shanghai 2010 World Expo.6. It is a common sense that ______(expose) for a long time in the sun might seriously damage you skin.7. Considering his poor health condition,the doctor insisted on ______ (he take) a go od rest before going back to work.8. ______ (expose) to radiation in the laboratory too often caused Marie Curie’s death.9. The children in Sichuan look forward with hope to ______ (get) a chance to receive further education in their rebuilt hometown.10. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention ______ (promote) when we talked on the phone.11. Doctors warn people that ______ (control)anger through unnatural methods is much more harmful to a person’s health than the anger itself.12. — What was it that made Trump happy?— ______ (elect) the US President.13. Nowadays some parents regret not ______(spend) more time with their kids when they were young.14. The patient who had suffered from H1N1insisted on ______ (isolate) from others immediately, holding the belief that the disease would infect others.15. Those businesspersons are getting well prepared for the coming season, for they can’t risk ______ (lose) the good opportunity.16. The boy’s ______ (not do) the assignment made his father lose h is temper.17. ______ (finish) your homework by yourself is one of the effective ways to improve your grades.18. I can’t stand ______ (work) with Jane in the same office, as she is always talking, which distracts my attention.19. Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean ______ (accept) the action of the person who has offended you.20. It cost me a fortune, but I don’t regret ______ (spend) a year traveling around the world.二、语法填空The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popular?held image of unhappy teenagers (21) ______ (lock) in their room after endless family quarrels.An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just (22) ______ positive today’s young people seem to be about their families,” said one member of the research team. “They’re e xpected to be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds: They want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s (23) ______ (much) negotiation and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.”So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago (24) _______ (treat) their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says17-year-old Daniel Lazall. “I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing.(25) ______ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of (26) ______you could call negotiation. For example, if I (27) ______(do) all my homework,I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments, “Our surprise (28) ______ teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history(29) ______ teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents mainly happened during that onetime in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to(30) ______ (take) it over.”三、选词填空A. criticismB. discourageC. shiftsD. instituteE. industriousnessF. establishG. creditH. standardsI. accommodateJ. leavesK. demonstrateAlthough Henry Ford’s name is closely associated with the concept of mass production, he should receive equal ___31___ for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even by today’s ___32___.Saf ety measures were improved, and the work day was reduced to eight hours,compared with the ten or twelve-hour day common at the time. In order to___33___ to the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three ___34___.In addition, sick ___35___ as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted. The Ford Motor Company was one of thefirst factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts.The most widely acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to ___36___ the growth oflabor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced—in fact creating a market for the product. In order to qualify for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and ___37___ good personal habits,including sobriety (沉静;严肃), thriftiness (节俭), ___38___, and dependability (可信任,可靠性).Although some ___39___ was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees, there can be no doubt that, at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways, Henry Ford was helping many people to ___40___ themselves in America.参考答案1.telling2.losing3.lending4.annoying5.Being chosen6.being exposed7.his taking8.Being exposed9.getting10.having been promoted11.controlling12.Being elected13.spending14.being isolated15.losing16.not having done17.Finishing18.working19.accepting20.spending21. locked22. how23. more24. to treat25. As long as26. what27. had done28. that29. when30. taking31—35 GHICJ 36—40 BKEAF三、阅读理解Plastic has become perhaps the most demonised material of the last 12 months, as the scale of pollution in the oceans becomes increasingly apparent.With dire predictions that if nothing is done there will be more plastic in the seas by weight than fish by 2050, it has become evident that we cannot recycle our way out of the plastic problem.More than 8m tonnes of plastic end up in our oceans each year. Meanwhile virgin plastic production continues apace and is set to to leap by 40% over the next 10 years as more products are made from virgin plastic than from recycled.But consumer pressure can force change. The Guardian revealed this year that supermarkets alone put 1m tonnes of plastic packaging on to the market.But they are increasingly aware that if their customers lose faith they will lose money. Almost a quarter of consumers surveyed earlier this year said they were extremely concerned about plastic packaging. More than half said they were doing what they could to reduce their use of plastic.In Australia, public pressure led many supermarkets this year to announce they were phasing out single-use plastic bags. These include Coles, Woolies and Harris Farm.Just producing plastic uses huge resources – it takes around 12m barrels of oil to make the 100bn plastic bags used annually in the United States alone.This year Britain’s Iceland supermarket has led the w ay – and others are beginning to follow suit. Iceland has pledged to eliminate plastic packaging on its own goods in five years.So what can you do to reduce your own plastic footprint and put pressure on supermarkets and manufacturers to move towards reuseable plastic items and hugely increase the amount of recycled plastic in their products? Here are 10 top tips:1. Start at home. Do a plastic audit of your household. Shower bottles, deodorants, washing up liquids, shampoo bottles. Aim to make reductions here by ditching shower gel for soap and the plastic cotton buds for recyclable ones; buy liquid detergent in recycled plastic bottles and find a refill station tofill them up. Shampoo bars and toilet paper in recycled packaging are also available.2. In the US, 1bn plastic toothbrushes are thrown out each year, creating some 50m pounds of waste. Try using bamboo toothbrushes instead which only take about six months to biodegrade back into the soil when you have to replace yourbrush.3. Carry reuseable fabric shopping bags.4.Try buying wholesale and putting dried products such as rice, pasta and lentils into glass jars to avoid buying products wrapped in plastic.5. Recycle old plastic children’s toys. Search for a toy library in yourarea to borrow from or donate to. And consider charity shops when looking for gifts.6. Carry a reuseable coffee cup or flask; 7m plastic-lined coffee cups are thrown away in the UK every day.7. Say no to plastic cutlery. Carry a fork with you or use a compostable alternative.8. Ditch cling film wrap for your food. It cannot be recycled in most UK collections. Foil is recyclable, so use foil instead or reuseable plastic boxes.9. Use an electric razor instead of plastic disposable one.10. Write to companies whose packaging is non-recyclable, asking them to consider using less destructive materials. Maybe even think about starting a social media campaign to raise awareness. Strength in numbers!•This article was a mended on 3 January 2019. An earlier version suggested that 12 moil barrels produced 100m plastic bags. That figure is more like 100bn bags. In addition, the estimate of 1bn plastic toothbrushes being thrown out each year relates just to the US, not globally. This has been corrected. It was further amended on 4 January 2019 to remove a reference to a branded product.Questions：1. According to this article, what impact plastic has had on the environment in the past months?A.The scale of pollution in the oceans becomes increasingly apparent.B.The species of fish have been reduced a lot.C.Polluted the air.D.Raising sea level.2. What can supermarkets do to reduce plastic pollution？A. Do not sell plastic products.B. No plastic packaged goods.C. Phasing out disposable plastic bags.D. Non-reusable plastic products.3.Which of the following is not true according to the passage?A. Plastics cannot be recycled.B. Virgin plastics are increasingly low in our daily lives.C. Consumers want to reduce the use of plastics.D. It takes a lot of resources to produce plastics.4.According to this article, which of the following methods can not reduce the use of plastics？A. Replace plastic toothbrush with bamboo toothbrush.B.Packaging goods with glass cans instead of plastic packaging.C.Do not use plastic tableware.D.Massive use of preservative film.5. Where can we see the passage?A. In NovelB.In Fashion magazineC. In Environmental magazineD. In Advertisement文章导读：本文选择《卫报》上关于人与自然环境之间的垃圾问题，网址为https:///environment/2019/jan/03/plastics-consumption-reduce-2019-10-easy-ways文章大意：本文主要讲了，塑料污染的严峻现实，以及随着塑料污染越来越严重，人们开始意识到要减少塑料的使用量。

2020年高考英语真题和模拟题分项汇编专题01 词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词和介词）、短语辨析一、2021年高考真题1.（2021年全国甲卷语法填空）After 44.__________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 45. __________ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!We hired our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 47. _________ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 48. ________ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly, you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 49. _____________ (watchtower) to take pictures or, just to watch the local people going about their 50. ___________ (day) routines.【答案】44. spending 45. better 47. but48, the 49. watchtowers 50. daily【解析】44. 考查非谓语动词。

After 介词后加doing形式，故填spending。

45. 考查形容词的词性转换。

易错拼写词形转换词（1）距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

词形转换是每年高考语法填空的必考点，词形转换涉及词较多，拼写从简单到复杂不等。

全面备考不留死角，才是备考的万全之策。

本专题着重归类总结语法填空中的易错拼写词形转换词。

确保关注细节，不留死角。

词形转换词遍布高中英语中的各个分册中的每个单元。

易错01……易错拼写词形转换词1.accept v接受—accept ance n —accept able adj【词尾变化异常易错】2.access n.①通道，入口①接近，进入（或接近）的机会，进入（或接近）的权利，使用的机会v.存取，（电脑）取出（资料）；使用——accessible a.易接近的，随和的【词尾变化异常易错】3.accuracy n. 准确（性），精确（性）——accurate a. 精确的，准确的【词尾变化异常易错】4.analyse/ze v. 分析——analysis n. 分析, 分析报告【词尾变化异常易错】5.admission n. 准许进入；承认——admit v. 承认；准许进入；让……进入【词尾变化异常易错】6.anxiety n. 担心，忧虑, 渴望——anxious a.不安的，焦急的；渴望的【词尾变化异常易错】7.argue v. 争辩；争吵；说服——argument n. 争论；争辩；辩论【去掉e加ment，很多情况是直接加的】8.bear v出生，忍受—birth n —bearable —adj【词尾变化异常易错】9.beautify v美化beauty n —beautiful—adj beautifully—adv10.belief n. 信条, 信念——believe v. 相信, 认为【词尾变化异常易错】11.beneficial a. 有益的；有利润的——benefit n. 利益, 好处v. （使）受益【词尾变化异常易错】12.bleed v. 出血, 流血—— blood n. 血, 血液【变化异常易错】12.caution n.小心cautious—adj【词尾变化异常易错】13.change n. 零钱; 找头v. 改变, 变化; 更换; 兑换——changeable a.易变的, 变化无常的【直接加able】14.curious a. 好奇的；奇异的——curiosity n.好奇心，好奇【词尾变化异常易错】pete v. 竞争；比赛——competence n. 能力；胜任，称职——competition n. 竞争；比赛【词尾变化异常易错】16.chemistry n.化学chemical adj 化学的chemist n.化学家【词尾变化异常易错】17.choose v.选择choice n. 【词尾变化异常易错】18.clarify v.澄清clarification n.澄清【词尾变化异常易错】19.比较compare comparison comparable comparative20.抱怨complain complaint【词尾变化异常易错】21.考虑consider consideration considerate 【词尾变化异常易错】22.鼓励encourage courage courageous23.死die death dead deadly【词尾变化异常易错】24.决定decide decision decisive 【词尾变化异常易错】25.否认，拒绝deny d enial26.离开depart departure27.深deepen depth deep deeply 【词尾变化异常易错】28.describe v. 描写, 叙述——description n. 描述, 描写【词尾变化异常易错】29.破坏destroy destruction【词尾变化异常易错】30.分开，分成divide division divided【词尾变化异常易错】31.强调emphasize emphasis【词尾变化异常易错】32.热情enthusiasm enthusiastic【词尾变化异常易错】33.存在exist existence【词尾变化异常易错】34.解释；说明explain explanation【词尾变化异常易错】35.爆炸explode explosion explosive 【词尾变化异常易错】36.electric a. 电的；电力的；导电的；带电的—— electrical a. 电的; 与电有关的—— electricity n. 电；电学；电流—— electronic a. 电子的；电子学的；关于电子的【词尾变化异常易错】37.face n. 脸；面部；表面；外表v. 面向; 面对；朝，向facial a. 面部的；面部用的；表面的【词尾变化异常易错】38.fail v. 失败；不及格；使失望，有负于；（视力、健康等）下降n. 失败，失误；不及格；不及格者failure n. 失败；没做到；失败的人或事；失灵一、语境填词1.（2020·新课标全国卷Ⅲ）Filled with _________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.【答案】curiosity2.（2020·山东卷）Historical _______________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.【答案】accuracy3.（2019·新课标全国卷Ⅲ）When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ___________ (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.【答案】competition4．There are more visible changes in our gestures and ____________ (face)expressions.【答案】facial5.We offer financial _______________(assist) to students.【答案】assistance6.I filled in the ______________(apply) form and sent it off.【答案】application7.Upon _________ (arrive), we began to work immediately.【答案】arrival8.It was (consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.【答案】considerate【解析】句意：Michael通知我们他要迟一会儿以防我们担心，想得真周到。

2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析02词汇（一）词汇部分主要讲动词和动词短语、名词、形容词及副词。

考点一动词和动词短语近年来高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要是考查四个动词或动词短语哪个符合题干的意思，形式上可以是谓语动词，也可以是现在分词、过去分词或动名词。

考生只要弄懂题干的意思及各选项的意思，便可轻松答题。

考生要牢记常用的动词或动词短语的意义及习惯搭配。

1. A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's intelligence andcreativity. （2019江苏）A. resemblingB. reflectingC. reviewingD. restoring【答案】A【解析】句意：城市是人类双手和大脑的杰作，反映了人类的智慧和创造力。

reflect意为“反映”，符合句意。

2. More wind power stations will _________ to meet the demand for clean energy. （2019江苏）A. take upB. clear upC. hold upD. spring up【答案】D【解析】句意：越来越多的风力发电站会象雨后春笋般涌现出来，以满足清洁能源的需求。

spring up意为“突然出现”，符合句意。

3. At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confident about her skills. （2018天津）A. gave inB. dressed upC. broke inD. turned up【答案】A【解析】句意：一开始，罗伯特不愿意让女儿去潜水，不过他最终屈服了，因为她对自己的技术很有自信。

虚拟语气在名词性从句中（要点精讲）虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设，愿望，怀疑或推测。

虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句，也可用于名词性从句中。

一、用于主语从句中1．It is + adj. + that从句当it作形式主语，当描述主语的形容词是advisable，critical，crucial，desirable，essential，imperative，important，incredible，inevitable，necessary，strange，urgent等时，后面的主语从句中多用虚拟语气，即用should+动词原形，should常省略。

It is essential that this mission not fail. 这项任务不失败至关重要。

It was necessary that some immediate effort be made. 做出一些立即的努力是必要的。

It is necessary that the customs of all national minorities be respected. 尊重少数民族的各种风俗习惯是十分必要的。

It is not surprising that Alfred should have married Amy. Alfred和Amy已经结婚毫不奇怪。

It is strange that he should have learned so much in such a short time. 很奇怪他竟然在如此短的时间内学了那么多的东西。

2．It is + V-ed + that从句在这种句型中，动词通常为order，command，suggest，advise，request，require，demand 等，后面的主语从句多用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should常省略。