英文诗歌的五步抑扬格
音步(feet)
音步是诗行中按一定规律出现的轻音节和重音节的不同组合成的韵律最小单位。英语文字是重音音节型语言，因此有轻读音节兴重音节之分，它们是形成英语特有的抑扬顿
挫声韵节律的决定性因素。这是英文和英语在语音方面的区别之一。法语是音节型语言，音节没有轻重之分，法语韵律的最小单位就是音节，而非音步。据统计：英诗中这种轻重音组
音步；其余各种音步可以看作是从这五种衍生而出来的。这五个音步是：抑扬格，扬抑格，抑抑扬格，扬抑抑格和扬扬格。现述如下：
1?抑格格音步(iambic foot, iambus),即轻格或短长格：一轻读音节后跟一个重读音节即构成抑扬格。它是英语本身最基本的节奏单位，也是英诗的最重要、最常用的音步。随便说一句话，其基本音步就是抑扬格，如：
It 'time I the chil | dren we nt I to bed.这句话有四个抑扬格音步。
we lllearn | a poem | by Keats,有三个抑扬格音步。
The sym | bols used I in scan | sion are I the breve( I )nd the I macron( ' )。丨这句话共七个音步，有五个抑扬格。一些著名英诗体都是抑扬格，如民遥体，十四行诗，双韵体，哀歌等。
例诗：
The Eagle : A Fragment
He clasps the crag with crooked hands ;
Close to the sun in lonely lands ,
Ringed with the azure world , he stands .
The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls :
He watches from his mountain walls ,
And like a thunderbolt he falls .
2. 扬抑格音步(trochaic foot, trochee ，即重轻格或长短格，由一个重读音节后跟一个轻读音节构成。如,
Never, happy, heartless, topsy-turvy
William | Morris | taught him | English. | Would you | hear what I man can | say? I 又如：Double, | double, | toil and | trouble, |
Fire | burns and | cauldr on | bubble. |
--- Shakespeare(1564-1616)
不惮劳苦不惮烦，
釜中沸沫已成烂。
- -- 莎士比亚
这种音步是十六世纪以后才出现的;后是主要在无六韵体和其他诗体中与抑扬格配合使
用，使全诗韵律有所变化，表现动作的突然性，或起强调作用。在句首的扬抑格常使读者感到突然与骇异，有振聋发聩的效果。如丁尼先生的《鹰》诗，绝大多数音步是抑扬格，而第2 行和第3 行的两个扬抑格短语“ Closeto ”和“ Ringedwith ”更显得十分故出，强调了鹰居高临下的雄伟姿态。
3. 抑抑扬格(anapaestic foot, anapaest),由两个轻音节后跟一个重音节组成。如，
Intervene
We will go.
I ' Veen wor | king in Chi | na for for | ty years. |
〔例诗〕：
Song for the Luddites
As the Lib | erty lads | o' ethe seal
Bought their free I dom, and cheap I ly with blood, I
So we, I boys, we I
Will die I fighting, I or live gree, I
And down with I all kings I but King Ludd! I
When the web I that we weave I is complete, I
And the shut I tle exchanged I for the sword, I
We will fling I the wind I ing sheet I
O' etrhe des pot at our feet,
And dye it deep in the gore he has pour ' d.
Though black as his heart its hue,
Since his veins are corrup ted to mud,
Yet this is the dew
Which the tree shall renew
Of Lib erty, plant ed by Ludd!
---George Gordon Byron(1788-1824)
〔译诗〕
卢尔德派之歌
海外的自由的儿郎
买到了自由----用鲜血；
我们，不自由便阵亡!
除了我们的卢尔德王，把一切国王都消灭!
等我们把布匹织出，
梭子换成了利剑，就要把这块尸布
掷向脚下的独夫，
用他的腥血来染遍
他腥血和心一样黑，
血管腐烂如泥土；
把血水拿来当露水，
浇灌卢尔德所栽培------
我们的自由之树!
--- 拜伦
拜伦于1816 年侨居意大利期间写成这篇战斗檄文，抒发了诗人对人对自由的向往和对工人斗争的敬意。从原文上划分的音步可以看出，这首诗以抑抑扬格为主体。这种音步朗读时，语调有明显的起伏。有两个轻读音节在先，使后面的重音节自然得到强调，彷佛是一种澎湃起伏哀怨愤怒之声，与这首诗的主题相辅承。
4. 扬扬抑格步(dactylic foot, dactyl) ，由一个重音节后跟两个轻读音节组成。这种音步令语气听来像命令像宣言，多用在格言、警句、谚语中。如，
Yesterday, happily, thoroughly, merrily
What is now | proved was once | only im | agined. I
Think in the I morning. | Act in the I noon. | Eat in the
I evening. | Sleep in the | night.
〔例诗〕：
The gathering Of The People (EXCERPT)
A Storm Song
Gather ye | silently, |
Even as | the snow |
Heapeth the | avalanche: |
Gather ye | so! |
Gather ye I so. I
In the I wide glare I of day, I
Sternly and I tranquilly; I
Melt not a I way! I
Flake by flake I gather;I
Bind ye the I whole I
Firmly tog I ether-I
One from I and one I soul! I
Are ye all gather 'I d?
Welded in I one?I
Hark to the I thunder-shout!I
Now roll ye I on!
---William James Linton (1812-1899)
〔译文〕
人民的集结(节选)
暴风雨之歌
悄悄集结吧，
就像那雪花，
积一场雪崩：
就这么集结吧！
就这么集结吧，
光天化日下，
坚决而沉着，
可不要融化！
一片又一片，
整个团结紧，
成一个形体，
有一个灵魂！
全都已经集齐？
结成了整体？
且听雷声吼，
奋勇滚上去！
------ 威廉.林顿
林顿是宪章派著名诗人，1838 年起积极参加宪章派活动。例如是他的一首著名政治鼓动诗，谱成了曲在宪章派的集会上唱。其中多数诗行的第一音步是扬抑抑格，像是在发号召，表决心，激发工人的斗志，使人民团结起来。形成雷霆万钧之力。这种音步增强了诗句的说服力和感染力。扬抑抑格正适合说理性强的诗。
5. 扬扬格(Spondaic foot, spondee) ，由连续两个重音节组而成，表现沉重、缓慢、困难的动作或情绪；也用于表现感情的突然变化或强调语气。此音步也主要与其他音步合用，甚少
有以扬扬格为主的诗。如，
Three men, red cross
More haste, I less speed. I
亚历山大，蒲伯的《批评论》中有两行诗很能说明连续读音节的表演力：
When A I jax strives I some rock ' s vast weight I to throw, I
The I line too I labours, I the words I move slow. I
当埃阿斯奋力举起千钧巨石砸去，
诗行也变得沉重，充满缓慢的字句。
蒲伯的《批评论》是新古典主义的韵体文论著作。Ajax 是指希腊神话中的埃阿斯
(Ajax the Great) 。他骁勇善战，身材魁梧，力大无比，是特洛伊战中的英雄。
不同的内容要用不同的韵律也要变得费力、迟缓。第一行中的扬扬格“ vaswt eight 表”现
巨石的沉重。第二行的扬扬格的着例。共八个字，九个音节。有六个皇音读音节，都是实词，更能表现句中格调的巍峨。这一行共有两个扬扬格音步。这样的诗句只能用加重的语气缓慢朗读，想快也快不起来，因只有轻读音节多时才能读得快。
同一首诗中接下来的两行就是读得快的例子，那是描写古罗马诗人弗吉尔的史诗《伊尼特》(Aeneid) 中的女英雄--- “飞毛腿”卡米拉(Camilla) 。
为帮助记忆以上几个主要音步，现向读者推荐一首顺口溜：
Iambics march from short long;
Trochee trips from long to short.
Slow spondee stalks, strong feet,
Ever to come up with dactyl trisyllable.
如何划分音步
首先要初步读懂诗，至少要看懂诗的大意，并根据理解进行朗读或实际或默读，然后按实际读出的音划分出重音音节和轻读音节，切要时还有次重音节；晒最后找出占多数的音步，进行归纳划分。一般来说，实词(包括名词、动词、副词等)，要重读；虚词(包括名词、冠词、介词等)，要轻读。但实词轻读，虚词重读，虚词重读的情况也不少。切忌按固定的框框去硬套；如，知道十四行诗多是抑扬格，于是见到十四行诗就按抑扬格划分音步，甚至
照这样的划法来理解诗意和朗，这样就本末倒置了，因为在实际应用中会出现许多变化。像莎士比亚在他的第116 首十四行诗中，第一行就用了两处扬抑格，两处扬抑抑格，以表示对旧制度抗争和对世人的勤戒：Let me I not to the I marriage of I true minds I
Admit I impediments. I
如果只是接固定的模式去硬套不同的诗，划分音步的义就不大了。划分音步的目的之一是要看到诗人在一个总的韵律之内有那些变化。一般来说，凡是音步有变化的地方，都是较重要或关键的地方。这样，回过头来再读这首诗，就会有一些新的理解，体会到诗人的用意和运用变化之妙。全篇只用一种音步的诗是罕见的，当然儿歌一类除外。
[励志短篇经典英文诗歌美文阅读]英文诗歌短篇经典 各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢 一粒灰尘，改变不了大海的明净;一颗石子，阻挡不了江河的前进;一丝乌云，遮挡不了太阳的光辉;一次灾难，破坏不了勇者的励志。小编整理了经典短篇励志英文诗歌，欢迎阅读! 经典短篇励志英文诗歌篇一 thou blessed dream 你受祝福的梦中英双语对照 swami vivekananda if things go ill or well- if joy rebounding spreads the face, or sea of sorrows swells- it is a dream, a play. 无论事情变糟还是变好，
不管欢乐重现脸颊或者， 悲伤的海洋漫溢， 那只是一场游戏，一场梦幻。 a play- we each have a part each one to weep or laugh as may; each one his dress to don- alternate shine or rain. 我们都是戏中的角色， 人人都尽情地欢笑啼哭， 每个人都轮换穿着， 晴日或雨天的衣裳. thou dream, o blessed dream! spread far and near thy veil of haze, tone down the lines so sharp, make smooth what roughness seems. 你的梦，受祝福的梦， 到处掩盖着薄雾似的面纱， 将尖锐的线条变得柔和， 让粗糙的外表变得平滑 no magic but in thee!
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首 Sonnet 18 铁冰译文 1 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? 我该不该把你比作怡人的夏天？ 2 Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 你却比她更加可爱更加温情。 3 Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, 五月的娇蕊总是被狂风吹断， 4 And summer's lease hath all too short a date: 夏天也只是一道短暂的美景。 5 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 苍穹的目光有时会过于灼热， 6 And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; 那金色的脸庞也常黯淡无光。 7 And every fair from fair sometime declines, 人间一切瑰丽终将失去秀色， 8 By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd; 湮没于不测风云和世事沧桑。 9 But thy eternal summer shall not fade, 但是，你常青的夏季永不消逝，10 Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; 你拥有的美丽也将永不折损， 11 Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, 或许死神的阴影会笼罩着你， 12 When in eternal lines to time thou growest; 你却和这不朽的诗句千古长存。 13 So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, 只要人类还在呼吸、眼睛还在欣赏， 14 So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 我的诗就会活着，令你生命绽放。 译注： 原诗每行10个音节，非常整齐。前人翻译时总喜欢使译文每行保持字数相同，这其实是一种作茧自缚，强求形式上的绝对整齐，往往限制了内容的完美。前人的译文常常有凑韵（为了押韵，用词勉强）、不流畅和用词搭配不当的毛病，其原因在此。更重要的是，英文原诗有着非常讲究的格律，每行都含有相同数量的重音节和轻音节，朗诵时每行所用时间基本一致；而对每行字数相同的中译文进行朗诵时，每行所用的时间则不尽相同，因为每行译文中所含有的虚词（如“的”、“地”、“了”，朗读时较轻声、短促）个数未必相同。因此，笔者的译文不强求每行字数相同，这样便将内容从形式中解放出来，得以更好地协调，且更利于押韵和用词的搭配。 此诗的翻译中，值得注意的几处是： 第3行：darling buds of May有人译为“五月宠爱的嫩蕊”，其实darling是“可爱的”之意，所以还是译为“五月的娇蕊”更好。 第4行：lease前人经常译成“租赁的期限”，令人费解，应该是“持续的时间”之意。此行的意思是“夏天持续的时间实在太短”，这样的陈述缺乏诗味。笔者将该行意译为“夏天也只是一道极短的美景”，化用了中文的习语“好景不长”，不但忠实原文，颇有诗味，而且于与第二行译文押韵自然。 第5行：一般认为该行中的eye of heaven是“太阳”的妙喻，因此前人常将此行译为“有时候天空的眼睛照得太灼热（或酷烈）”，这样保留了“眼睛”的意向，似乎很好，但从字面上看，
泰戈尔诗集经典名句中英文 寄语：拉宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔印度诗人、文学家、社会活动家、哲学家和印度民族主义者。代表作有《吉檀迦利》、《飞鸟集》、《眼中沙》、《四个人》、《家庭与世界》、《园丁集》、《新月集》、《最后的诗篇》、《戈拉》、《文明的危机》等。今天为大家分享的是泰戈尔诗集经典名句中英文，希望各位读者喜欢，欢迎阅读。 在光明中高举，在死的阴影里把它收起。和你的星星一同放进夜的宝盒，早晨，让它在礼拜声中开放的鲜花丛里找到它自己。 Article 19 tagore's sayings: in the light is lifted up, in the shadow of death it down. And your star in the night together, in the morning, let it box in the week in the open XianHuaCong sound find it yourself. 爱情若被束缚，世人的旅程即刻中止。爱情若葬入坟墓，旅人就是倒在坟上的墓碑。就像船的特点是被驾驭着航行，爱情不允许被幽禁，只允许被推向前。爱情纽带的力量，足以粉碎一切羁绊。 Tagore's sayings article 1: love is bound, the world of if immediately suspend journey. If love ZangRu grave, grave traveler is fall in the tombstone. As the characteristics of the ship is sailing drive, love is not permitted to YouJin, only allowed to be before. The power of love bond, enough to smash all the fetters. 要是爱情不允许彼此之间有所差异，那么为什么世界上到处都有差异呢? Tagore's sayings article 2: if the love does not allow the differences between each other, so why the world is filled with differences? 贞操是从丰富的爱情中生出来的资产。 Tagore's sayings article 3: chastity is rich in love living out of assets. 爱情是理解和体贴的别名。 爱是亘古长明的灯塔，它定晴望着风暴却兀不为动，爱就是充实了的生命，正如盛满了酒的酒杯。 Tagore's sayings article 4: love is everlasting long out of the lighthouse, which looked at the storm will clear up [tr] [td] move, love is life in
克里斯蒂娜·吉奥尔吉娜·罗塞蒂Christina Georgina Rossetti （1830－1894）在题材范围和作品质量方面均为最重要的英国的女诗人之一，被认为与布朗宁夫人齐名。她的诗歌表现出一种双重的自相矛盾的感情，一方面它们表达感官上的审美情趣，另一方面又含有神秘圣洁的宗教信仰。她个人爱情婚姻不顺也终身未嫁，两次无果而终的恋爱反映在她的许多诗歌中。失去爱情的哀伤常常和一种摆脱不了的死亡纠缠在一起，成为她不少诗歌的主题。 诗歌选辑（一） A Birthday My heart is like a singing bird Whose nest is in a watered shoot; My heart is like an apple-tree Whose boughs bent with thickest fruit; My heart is like a rainbow shell, That paddles in a halcyon sea; My heart is gladder than all these Because my love is come to me. Raise me a dais of silk and down； Hang it with vair and purple dyes； Carve it in doves and pomegranates， And peacocks with a hundred eyes； Work it in gold and silver grapes, In leaves and silver fleurs-de-lys； Because the birthday of my life Is come, my love is come to me.
莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首赏析 摘要：莎士比亚是英国文学史上泰斗级人物。他创作的的154首十四行一向为时人推崇。十四行诗达到了登峰造极的程度，成为英诗史上璀璨的明珠。这理所要赏析的是莎翁十四行诗的第十八首，其热烈的情怀，精致的措辞和美妙的比喻，，不知令多少学者和诗人叹服，赏析文字者莫不称颂其妙。 关键词：莎士比亚十四行诗第18首 诗人一开头就把他的爱友比作美好的“夏天”，其中“夏天”一词颇有争论，很多学者认为应该翻译成春天，但以我个人的观点，还是应该译成夏天。因为英国的夏天相当于我国的春天或春末夏初，这是一年中最美好的季节，风和日暖，枝头绿叶冒新芽，百花含苞待开放，大地充满一派生机活力，迷人可爱。开篇第一句便直入主题，用一问一答得方式毫不含蓄的点名她的美。虽然夏天如此美丽，但仍然不及她之美。作者意不在提出疑问，而是通过疑问句，引出第二句肯定的回答，恰如其分地达到赞赏的目的，诗人如此煞费，说明她的美丽不仅令他赞赏，而且还令他崇敬。这比开篇便用一陈述句更有说服力。 接着第3456句，诗人进一步解释为什么“你比它可爱也比它温婉”，那是因为“狂风”会把“五月的嫩芽摧残”，“夏天的期限”太过于短暂，阳光过于“强烈”，有时却也会被“遮掩”。这一系列的意象，为我们勾勒出一副副夏景图，引人遐想。其中不难看出，作者对这一副副图景产生的是一种怜惜之情，这时让我们不禁思考，那诗人对她的怜爱，该有多么深沉。 后接着的两句：“世上娇艳之物都会凋零，受机缘或大自然的局限”，为我们阐释这样一个哲理：世界上所有美丽的事物都会有遵循着大自然的规律，随着时间的流逝而消失。这虽为一个众所周知的事实，却令古今多少文人墨客所感叹。 接着，诗人用一个转折，说“你的长夏永远不会消逝，永不会失去迷人的光彩；不会在死神阴影中漂泊”这的用暗喻的手法，将她的美丽比作“长夏”，意为有夏天的美丽，而且比夏天更长，有取夏天之长，补夏天之短的意味。后面接着补充，他的美丽不会时间而失去光泽，永远留存。 “这诗将与你同在，只要人活着，眼睛还能看。这诗将永存，赋予你生命。”到最后，诗人转向写诗歌，说诗歌是永存的。从这里我们不难看出，诗人内心是矛盾的，他大肆笔墨去描写他的美，去高歌他的美是永存的，事实上他只是在欺骗他自己，他深知“世上娇艳之物都会凋零，受机缘或大自然的局限”，当然他的美丽也属于“世上娇艳之物”，可是诗人不愿意承认，他无法说服他自己去接受这个事实，于是他想把他的美丽长存于他的心中，但是每个人都会到死神那里报到，怎么办呢?这时，他知道了，永存的，只有诗歌，他只有将他的美丽写入诗歌，才能永恒。 本诗的主题思想为：爱和美。这首诗以夏天的意象展开了想象，我们的脑海会立即浮现出绿荫的繁茂，娇蕾的艳丽。夏日既表示诗人的友人可爱，让人感到可意，又暗指他的友人正处于年轻、精力旺盛的时期，因为夏天总是充满了生机和活力。万物在春季复苏，夏天旺盛，所以夏天是生命最旺盛的季节，诗歌前六句，诗人歌颂了诗中的主人公“你”作为美的存在，却把“夏天”、“娇蕾”和“烈日”都比下去，因为它们不够“温婉”、“太短暂”、“会被遮暗”，所以“你”的魅力远远胜于夏天。第七和第八两句指出每一种美都会转瞬即逝，禁不住风吹雨打，而第九句到第十二句指出“你”的美将永驻，连死神都望而却步，与时间同长的美才是永恒的美。因为“你”在诗歌中永恒，千百年来天地间只要有诗歌艺术的存在，诗歌和“你”就能够永生。所以“你”的美永不枯凋，这是一种生命的美，艺术的美，永驻人间。 这首诗语言优美，不仅体现在用词的精确上，而且还体现在表达方法的多变上，
Sonnet: A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter. There are generally two kinds of sonnets: the Petrarchan sonnet and the Shakespearean sonnet. The Shakespearean sonnet consists of 3 quatrains and one couplet. The three quatrains are devoted to the different aspects of one subject, paralleling in structure. The concluding couplet is actually the summary or comments made by the poet. One telling example is Sonnet 18 by Shakespeare. Soliloquy: It refers to an extended speech delivered by a character alone onstage. The character reveals his or her innermost thoughts and feelings directly to the audience, as if thinking aloud. One of the most famous soliloquies is the part of Shakespeare’s Hamlet, beginning with the line “To be, or not to be: that is the question.” Conceit: Conceit is actually an extended metaphor. It refers to the comparison drawn between two startlingly different objects. The leading figure of the “Metaphysical School”, John Donne, makes a high use of c onceits in his poetic creation. For instance, he compares the souls of lovers to compasses. Imagery：A general term that covers the use of language to represent sensory experience. It refers to the words that create pictures or images in the reader’s mind. Images are primarily visual and can appeal to other senses as well, touch, taste, smell and hearing. Ode： A complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honor a person or a season or to commemorate an event. Two famous odes are Percy Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” and John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn”. 莎士比亚十四行诗第18首 William Shakespeare - Sonnet #18 Shall I compare thee to a Summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And Summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And oft' is his gold complexion dimm'd; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd: But thy eternal Summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest:
泰戈尔英文优美诗歌鉴赏 Then crowds of flowers come out of a sudden, from nobody knows where, and dance upon the grass in wild glee. 于是一群一群的花从无人知道的地方突然跑出来，在绿草上狂欢地跳着舞。 Mother, I really think the flowers go to school underground. 妈妈，我真的觉得那群花朵是在地下的学校里上学。 They do their lessons with doors shut, and if they want to come out to play before it is time, their master makes them stand in a corner. 他们关了门做功课，如果他们想在散学以前出来游戏，他们的老师是要罚他们站壁角的。 When the rains come they have their holidays. 雨一来，他们便放假了。 Branches clash together in the forest, and the leaves rustle in the wild wind, the thunder-clouds clap their giant hands and the flower children rush out in dresses of pink and yellow and white. 树枝在林中互相碰触着，绿叶在狂风里萧萧地响着，雷云拍着大手，花孩子们便在那时候穿了紫的、黄的、白的衣裳，冲了出来。 Do you know, mother, their home is in the sky, where the stars are. 你可知道，妈妈，他们的家是在天上，在星星所住的地方。 Haven't you seen how eager they are to get there? Don't you know why they are in such a hurry? 你没有看见他们怎样地急着要到那儿去
什么是五步抑扬格？ 英诗简析 音步(feet) 音步是诗行中按一定规律出现的轻音节和重音节的不同组合成的韵律最小单位。 英语文字是重音----音节型语言，因此有轻读音节兴重音节之分，它们是形成英语特有的抑扬顿挫声韵节律的决定性因素。这是英文和英语在语音方面的区别之一。法语是音节型语言，音节没有轻重之分，法语韵律的最小单位就是音节，而非音步。 据统计﹕英诗中这种轻重音组音步﹔其余各种音步可以看作是从这五种衍生而出来的。 这五个音步是﹕抑扬格，扬抑格，抑抑扬格，扬抑抑格和扬扬格。现述如下﹕
1.抑格格音步(iambic foot, iambus) ，即轻格或短长格﹕一轻读音节后跟一个重读音节即构成抑扬格。它是英语本身最基本的节奏单位，也是英诗的最重要、最常用的音步。 随便说一句话，其基本音步就是抑扬格，如﹕ It’s time︱the chil︱dren went︱to bed. 这句话有四个抑扬格音步。 We’ll learn︱a poem︱by Keats, 有三个抑扬格音步。 The sym︱bols used︱in scan︱sion are︱the breve(ˇ)︱and the︱macron(ˋ)。︱这句话共七个音步，有五个抑扬格。 一些著名英诗体都是抑扬格，如民遥体，十四行诗，双韵体，哀歌等。 例诗： The Eagle : A Fragment
He clasps the crag with crooked hands ; Close to the sun in lonely lands , Ringed with the azure world , he stands . The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls : He watches from his mountain walls , And like a thunderbolt he falls . 2.扬抑格音步(trochaic foot, trochee ），即重轻格或长短格，由一个重读音节后跟一个轻读音节构成。如, Never, happy, heartless, topsy-turvy William︱Morris︱taught him︱English.︱ Would you︱hear what︱man can︱say?︱ 又如﹕ Double,︱double,︱toil and︱trouble,︱
【关于英文诗歌短篇励志】英文诗歌短篇励志的 朋友之间重于心，对方困难时要帮助之。得意时提醒不要得意忘形，失意时安慰其励志向上。小编整理了关于短篇励志英文诗歌，欢迎阅读! 关于短篇励志英文诗歌篇一 Sense success in dark times. Hear what your critics say about you. React positively to negative situations. Come back after defeat. Prioritize your possibilities. Adventure into new territories. Trade off anxiety for peace. Face the future unafraid. Relax under pressure. Faith practises the art of creating positive alternatives to negative assumptions. Faith is NOT a contradiction of reality but the courage to face reality with hope. 在黑暗之中感受成功。 聆听他人批评。 在消极情况下积极应对。 失败，再爬起。 优化应对各种可能出现的问题。 敢于尝试新的领域。 不要忧虑，保持平和。 无畏的面对未来。 在压力下放松。 信心是一门艺术，不断操练，创造积极方法，应对消极思想。 信心不是否定现实，而是怀揣希望，面对现实的勇气。关于短篇励志英文诗歌篇二Never give up,; 永不放弃 Never lose hope.; 永不心灰意冷。 Always have faith,; 永存信念， It allows you to cope.; 它会使你应付自如。 Trying times will pass,; 难捱的时光终将过去， As they always do.; 一如既往。 Just have patience,; 只要有耐心， Your dreams will come true.; 梦想就会成真。 So put on a smile,; 露出微笑， You’ll live through your pain.; 你会走出痛苦。 Know it will pass,; 相信苦难定会过去， And strength you will gain.; 你将重获力量。关于短篇励志英文诗歌篇三 To be a giant. 成为一个巨人， This has forever been our passion, this desire to be a giant. 这永远是我们最强烈的欲望，成为一个巨人。 Not to stand on one’s shoulders or have one for a friend.
我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?虽然你比夏天更可爱更温和：Thou art more lovely and more temperate:狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断，Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过；And summer's lease hath all too short a date:有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热，Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗；And often is his gold complexion dimmed,而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落，And every fair from fair sometime declines,被时运天道之更替剥尽红颜；By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: 但你永恒的夏天将没有止尽，But thy eternal summer shall not fade,你所拥有的美貌也不会消失，Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫，Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时；When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛，So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,我的诗就会流传并赋予你生命。So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.注：第11行语出《旧约?诗篇》第23篇第4节：“虽然我穿行于死荫之幽谷，但我不怕罹祸，因为你与我同在……”英文赏析：This is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it would be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so many of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of verse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will live as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later he apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to encompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is preserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison。这是整体赏析 1. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? This is taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compare thee etc?' The stock comparisons of the loved one to all the beauteous things in nature hover in the background throughout. One also remembers Wordsworth's lines: We'll talk of sunshine and of song,And summer days when we were young, Sweet childish days which were as longAs twenty days are now.Such reminiscences are indeed anachronistic, but with the recurrence of words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song', 'sweet', it is not difficult to see the permeating influence of the Sonnets on Wordsworth's verse. 2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate: The youth's beauty is more perfect than the beauty of a summer day. more temperate - more gentle, more restrained, whereas the summer's day might have violent excesses in store, such as are about to be described. 3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, May was a summer month in Shakespeare's time, because the calendar in use lagged behind the true sidereal calendar by at least a fortnight. darling buds of May - the beautiful, much loved buds of the early summer; favourite flowers. 4. And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Legal terminology. The summer holds a lease on part of the year, but the lease is too short, and has an early termination (date). 5. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, Sometime = on occasion, sometimes; the eye of heaven = the sun. 6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed, his gold complexion = his (the sun's) golden face. It would be dimmed by clouds and on overcast days
《泰戈尔诗集》经典语录中英文对照版 1.如果你因失去了太阳而流泪，那么你也失去了群星。 If you shed tears when you miss the sun, you also miss the stars. 2.我的心是旷野的鸟，在你的眼睛里找到了它的天空。 My heart, the bird of the wilderness, has found its sky in your eyes. 3.它是大地的泪点，使她的微笑保持着青春不谢。 It is the tears of the earth that keep her smiles in bloom. 4.你看不见你自己，你所看见的只是你的影子。 What you are you do not see, what you see is your shadow. 5.瀑布歌唱道："当我找到了自己的自由时,我找到了我的歌。" The waterfall sing, "I find my song, when I find my freedom." 6.你微微地笑着，不同我说什么话。而我觉得，为了这个，我已等待得久了。 You smiled and talked to me of nothing and I felt that for this I had been waiting long. 7.人不能在他的历史中表现出他自己，他在历史中奋斗着露出头角。 Man does not reveal himself in his history, he struggles up through it. 8.我们如海鸥之与波涛相遇似地，遇见了，走近了。海鸥飞去，波涛滚滚地流开，我们也分别了。 Like the meeting of the seagulls and the waves we meet and come near.The seagulls fly off, the waves roll away and we depart. 9.当我们是大为谦卑的时候，便是我们最接近伟大的时候。 We come nearest to the great when we are great in humility. 10.决不要害怕刹那－－永恒之声这样唱着。 Never be afraid of the moments--thus sings the voice of the everlasting. 11."完全"为了对"不全"的爱，把自己装饰得美丽。 The perfect decks itself in beauty for the love of the Imperfect. 12.错误经不起失败，但是真理却不怕失败。 Wrong cannot afford defeat but right can. 13.这寡独的黄昏，幕着雾与雨，我在我的心的孤寂里，感觉到它的叹息。 In my solitude of heart I feel the sigh of this widowed evening veiled with mist and rain. 14.我们把世界看错了，反说它欺骗我们。 We read the world wrong and say that it deceives us. 15.人对他自己建筑起堤防来。 Man barricades against himself. 16.使生如夏花之绚烂，死如秋叶之静美。 Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn leaves. 17.我想起了其他的浮泛在生与死与爱以及被遗忘的川流上的的时代，我便感觉到离开尘世的自由了。 I think of other ages that floated upon the stream of life and love and death and are forgotten, and I feel the freedom of passing away.18.只管走过去，不必逗留着采了花朵来保存，因为一路上花朵自会继续开放的。Do not linger to gather flowers to keep them, but walk on,for flowers will keep themselves blooming all your way. 19.思想掠过我的心上，如一群野鸭飞过天空。我听见它们鼓翼之声了。 Thoughts pass in my mind like flocks of lucks in the sky.I hear the voice of their wings. 20."谁如命运似的催着我向前走呢？""那是我自己，在身背后大跨步走着。" Who drives me forward like fate？The Myself striding on my back. 21.我们的欲望把彩虹的颜色借给那只不过是云雾的人生。 Our desire lends the colours of the rainbow to the mere mists and vapours of life
2011—2012第一学期 实践教学
William Shakespeare William Shakespeare (26 April 1564- 23 April 1616) was an English poet and playwright. He was widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. His surviving works, including some collaboration, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part owner of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the 16th century. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, and Macbeth, considered some of the famous works. Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the 19th century. In the 20th century, his work was repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by new movements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular today and are constantly studied, performed and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world. （Sonnet1 和sonnet5的相关资料由张文瑞提供） Sonnet 1