2014年北约自主招生英语全真模拟试题
Part 1.cloze (20%)
Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is (1) I became an animal collector in the first (2) . The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any (3) was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy”,(4) the word “zoo”, which I would (5) over and over again with a shrill (6) until someone, in groups to (7) me up, would take me to the zoo. When I (8) a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great (9) of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time (10) the countryside in search of fresh specimens to (11) to my collection of pets. (12) on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student (13) , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches, (14) were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I (15) had enough money of my own to be able to (16) my first trip and I have been going (17) ever since then. Though
a collector's jo
b is not an easy one and is full of (18) , it is certainly a job which will appeal
(19) all those who love animals and (20) .
1. A. how B. where C. when D. whether
2. A. region B. field C. place D. case
3. A. clarity B. emotion C. sentiment D. affection
4. A. except B. but C. except for D. but for
5. A. recite B. recognize C. read D. repeat
6. A. volume B. noise C. voice D. pitch
7. A. close B. shut C. stop D. comfort
8. A. grew B. was growing C. grow D. grown
9. A. many B. amount C. number D. supply
10. A. living B. cultivating C. reclaiming D. exploring
11. A. increase B. include C. add D. enrich
12. A. later B. further C. then D. subsequently
13. A. attendant B. keeper C. member D. aide
14. A. who B. they C. of which D. which
15. A. luckily B. gladly C. nearly D. successfully
16. A. pay B. provide C. allow D. finance
17. A. normally B. regularly C. usually D. often
18. A. expectations B. sorrows C. excitement D. disappointments
19. A. for B. with C. to D. from
20. A. excursion B. travel C. journey D. Trip
Part 2 grammar (15%)
21.______, I must do another experiment.
A. Be it ever so late
B. It is ever so late
C. It be ever so late
D. So late it be ever
22. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it______before the West was settled.
A. could
B. was
C. would
D. did
23. I______this book in a secondhand bookstore on Nanjing Road.
A. came into
B. came about
C. came round
D. came across
24. As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think______.
A. ought to be said
B. must say
C. have to be said
D. need to say
25. The people at the party were worried about Susan because no one was aware______she had gone.
A. where that
B. of where
C. the place where
D. the place
26. The Managing Director said that improving relations with the association would not be easy, but that they______to try.
A. would have decided
B. decide
C. have decided
D. had decided
27. We must______that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible.
A. secure
B. ensure
C. assure
D. issue
28. At no time______ other countries.
A. China will invade
B. will invade China
C. will China invade
D. invade will China
29. This is an ideal site for a university______ it is far from the downtown area.
A. provided that
B. now that
C. so that
D. in that
30. Although Asian countries are generally more______in social customs than Western countries, there have been several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India.
A. conservative
B. confidential
C. comprehensive
D. consistent
31. Statistics is a discipline______all the other sciences.
A. affected
B. affecting
C. to be affected
D. being affected
32. On turning the corner, we saw the road______steeply.
A. departing
B. descending
C. decreasing
D. depressing
33. As a salesman, he works on a (an)______basis, taking 10% of everything he sells.
A. income
B. commission
C. salary
D. pension
34. It is not so much the language______the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.
A. but
B. nor
C. as
D. like
35. After______seemed an endless night, it was time for them to open the boxes of presents.
A. it
B. that
C. what
D. there
36. Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he______his opinion.
A. struck at
B. strove for
C. stuck to
D. stood for
37.______it is you' r e found, you must give it back to the person it belongs to.
A. That
B. Because
C. Whatever
D. However
38. There are nations whose lack of contact with the outside world has______poverty.
A. fallen into
B. consisted in
C. resulted in
D. come up to
39. Although he refused to act on my suggestion, he had to admit that______what I said.
A. it was something in
B. there was something in
C. it was something as for
D. there was something upon
40. The pressure______causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.
A. to compete
B. competing
C. to be competed
D. having competed
41. Because of the unexpected changes, they postponed______us an answer.
A. giving
B. have given
C. to give
D. to have given
42. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than______in the public mind today.
A. exists
B. exist
C. exiting
D. to exist
43. As a______actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.
A. flexible
B. versatile
C. sophisticated
D. productive
44. He was______to steal the money when he saw it lying on the table.
A. dragged
B. tempted
C. elicited
D. attracted
45. The new teacher was very nervous______she was well prepared.
A. despite
B. unless
C. even
D. even though
46. The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in______again next spring.
A. assembly
B. session
C. conference
D. convention
47. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th______the birth of Jesus Christ.
A. in accordance with
B. in terms of
C. in favor of
D. in honor of
48. Since it is too late to change my mind now, I am______to carrying out the plan.
A. obliged
B. committed
C. engaged
D. resolved
49. It was a bold idea to build a power station in the deep valley, but it______as well as we had hoped.
A. came off
B. went off
C. brought out
D. make out
50. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must______the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.
A. improve
B. enhance
C. guarantee
D. gear
Part 3reading comprehension (40%)
Passage 1
It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry (嫁妆). Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The dowry was the wife’s right to receive a tenth of all her husband’s property. The wife had the right to with hold consent, in all transactions the husband would make, and more than just a right; the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband. In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife.
The wife shared in the management of her husband’s personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit. A case in point is that of Maria Vivas. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted on compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a
piece of land from Miro’s personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, “for the sake of peace.” Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the wife knew how to win herself, with the context of the family, a powerful economic position.
51.Originally, the purpose of a dowry is to_________.
A give a woman the right to receive all her husband’s property
B help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the family
C protect a woman against the risk of desertion
D both A and C
52.According to the passage, the legal status of the wife in marriage was__________.
A higher than that of a single woman
B higher than that of her husband
C lower than that of her husband
D the same as that of her husband
53. Why does the author give us the example of Maria Vivas?
A To show that the wife shared in the management of her husband s personal property.
B To show that the wife can defend her own inheritance.
C To prove that women have powerful position.
D To illustrate how women win her property.
54.The compensation Maria Vivas got for the field is____________.
A some of the land Miro had inherited
B a tenth of Miro’s land
C money for household expenses
D money form Miro’s inheritance
55. The author’s attitude towards Maria Vivas is_____________.
A sympathetic
B disapproval
C indifferent
D objective
Passage 2
A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin-deep. One' s physical assets and liabilities don' t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.
Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not- so-bea u tiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, the physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.
Un-American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group--college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual' s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.
Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.
In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. on another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire (追求) to managerial positions do not get on as well as who may be less attractive.
56. In "Beauty is only skin-deep", "skin-deep" can be replaced by______.
A. decorating
B. superficial
C. expressive
D. demanding
57. "One's physical assets and liabilities don' t count all that much in a managerial career."(paral) can be interpretated as______.
A. whether or not one looks good or bad, it doesn' t affect much one' s managerial career
B. in one' s managerial career, he may deal with cases like assets and liabilities
C. in one' s managerial career, he may rarely deal with cases like assets and liabilities
D. whether or not one looks good or bad, it may affect much one' s managerial career
58. The result of research carried out by social scientists show that______.
A. people do not realize the importance of looking one' s best
B. women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid well
C. good -looking women aspire to managerial positions
D. attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not
59. "Good looks cut both ways for women" (Para.5) means that______.
A. attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public job
B. good-looking women always get the best of everything
C. being attractive is not always an advantage for women
D. attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerial positions
60. It can be infe rr ed from the passage that in the business world______.
A. handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women are
B. physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite well
C. physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get along quite well
D. good looks are important for women as they are for men
Passage 3
In 1935, the clarinetist and bandleader Benny Goodman, aged just twenty six, left New York with his fourteen piece “swing”band and, traveling in a ragtag group of cars, headed for the huge Palomar Ballroom in Los Angeles. It was not an easy trip. There were half a dozen dismal, sparsely attended one nighters and three weeks at a dance hall in Denver, where the band was forced to play waltzes, tangos, and novelty numbers. On the opening night at the Palomar, the band played ballad numbers in the first set, and there was little response from the dancers. Then one of the musicians said, if they were going to bomb again they might well do it in style. So Goodman called for his hot, often
uptempo arrangements, many of them by the ingenious black bandleader and arranger Fletcher Henderson, and the kids stopped dancing, clustered around the bandstand, and began roaring. Before the weeks at the Palomar were over, it was clear that Goodman had suddenly made jazz—still a suspect and largely subliminal American folk music, despite the brilliant inventions during the previous decade of Jelly Roll Morton and others—into a popular music.
Goodman s surprising ways continued. In 1936, he shook up the white entertainment establishment by hiring two black musicians—the elegant pianist Teddy Wilson and the plunging vibraphonist Lione Hampton. (To be sure, Wilson and Hampton did not play in the band; instead, they appeared with Goodman and the drummer Gene Krupa during intermissions.) A year later, when the band went into the Paramount Theater in New York for three weeks, legions of kids appeared, and a screaming, dancing riot nearly took pla ce. It was the first great American show frenzy, and it prepared the way for the Sinatra frenzy of 1947, and for all the Beatles frenzies, and for all the mindless rock borne frenzies of the Seventies and Eighties.
Then, on the night of January 16, 1938, Goodman, challenging the long hairs, took his band into a sold out Carnegie Hall. The big band played a dozen numbers, the trio two numbers, and the quartet five numbers. Despite the immediate rumblings from Olin Downes, the Times s classical music critic (“The playing last night, if noise, speed and beat, all old devices, are heat, was “hot”as it could be, but nothing came of it all, and in the long run it was decidedly monotonous”), Goodman s concert moved jazz even further up the American popular register. ［412 words］
61. This passage is mainly
A a general review of Jazz music.
B a biography of Benny Goodman.
C about the origin of American folk music.
D about how jazz became popular in America.
62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A The band s first music show in Los Angles was an immediate success.
B Goodman is considered the father of Jazz music.
C Benny Goodman was unknown to public when he left New York.
D The band scheduled to play waltzes, tangos and novelty numbers at a dance hall in Denver.
63. It could be inferred from the passage that
A Jazz is a style of music native to America.
B Classic music had become outdated at Goodman s time.
C Morton and Goodman were contemporaries.
D Goodman was the first bandleader who hired Black musicians in 1930s.
64. The phrase “shake up”(Line 1,Paragraph 2) in the context probably means
A to give a very unpleasant shock.
B to make changes to an organization.
B to get rid of a problem.
D to point out, designate.
65. Towards Goodman s music show frenzy, Olin Downes, the classical music critic has
A approving attitude.
B satirizing attitude.
C regretting mind.
D exaggerated tone.
Passage 4
Development of a widely accepted chronology for the arrival of humans has been equally difficult, and it was only with the development of optically stimulated luminescence dating that a human presence in Australia was confirmed at 53,000 to 60,000 years ago. Older dates for a human presence in Australia have now been shown to be erroneous .
The importance of Australia as a separate natural laboratory in which to test extinction theories lies in the fact that humans arrived there much earlier than they arrived in the other continental areas (the Americas and northern Eurasia) that experienced substantial megafaunal extinction. What Miller et al. have shown is that the extinction of Genyornis occurred simultaneously across southeastern Australia (indeed probably right across the continent) about 50,000 years ago. This is very close to the presently accepted time of arrival of humans in Australia. It was also a period of modest climate change, well before the dramatic climatic fluctuations of the terminal Pleistocene. The data of Miller et al., therefore, support those who see human hunting rather than climate as causing the extinction of the megafauna.
Genyornis was a ponderous bird, around 80 to 100 kg in weight, about twice as heavy as the living emu and cassowary. It was an inhabitant of Australia s inland plains and some coastal regions, but its legs were relatively short and thick, suggestion that it was a slower runner than the emu. Proponents of human caused extinction suggest that it is just such characteristics that made the megafauna vulnerable to human hunting.
A new school of thought has recently established itself in the extinction debate. It advocates the idea that a combination of human impact and climate change was responsible for the extinction of the world s megafauna. The new Genyornis data also weake n that argument, for the following reason. Fifty thousand years ago, Australia was experiencing mild cooling; 11,000 to 12,000 years ago, the Americas were experiencing rapid warming. These disparate climatic conditions, all coincident with megafaunal exti nction, suggest that whatever was happening with climate, it was bad for the big animals. Under these conditions, the hybrid model becomes indistinguishable from the human caused extinction model for the influence of climate becomes extremely weak, and only the arrival of humans is important in predicting extinction.
66. The last word “megafauna”in Paragraph 2 most probably means
A birds.
B plants.
C big animals.
D small animals.
67. Genyornis was vulnerable to human hunting because it was
A a delicacy.
B very weak.
C very small in size.
D clumsy.
68. How many models have been put forward for the extinction of Genyoris?
A One.
B Two.
C Three.
D Four.
69. That Australia experienced mild cooling and the Americas rapid warming suggests that
A the climatic conditions were unfit for Genyornis to live.
B Genyornis were highly adaptable to different climatic conditions.
C The two climatic conditions were both bad for Genyornis.
D The climatic conditions had nothing to do with the extinction of Genyoris.
70. The selection is mainly about
A the debate over the time of the human presence in Australia.
B the relationship between the human presence and magafaunal extinction.
C the relationship between human activities and climatic changes.
D the debate over factors causing megafaunal extinction.
Part 4 word choice (10%)
In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each cho ice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 71 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 72with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity. Perhaps the 73to this ambivalence lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 74ways of doing it.
The immigrant experience, too, has been one of in harmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans”eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 75by imports-pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.
Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit-ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 76 .
But strong opinions have not brought 77. Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 78of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.
The 79in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness.It’s no coincidence,then,that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚).It’s what we eat—and how we 80it with friends.
[A]answer [B]result [C]share [D]guilty
[E]constant [F]defined [G]vanish [H]adapted
[I]creative [J]belief [K]suspicious [L]certainty
[M]obsessed [N]identify [O]ideals
Part 5 error correction(10%)
If so me one asks you how y ou can make you always81. ________
h appy, y ou will perhaps find rather difficult to give him82. ________
a proper answer．Did you remember the old saying“No83. ________
human being can really happy who i s not giving or t ry ing84. ________
to give happiness to others”?If you will always think of85. ________
taking more from others and give them less，you won’t be86. ________
able to have happiness in your life even you are very rich. 87. ________
Here’s an article for you. If each of you follow it, there88. ________
will be all end of many unhappy day s of yours．So you should 89. ________
learn to give up your own interests when necessarily to do so.90. ________
Part 6 Translation (5%)
91. I should say Henry is______________(与其说是个作家不如说是) as a reporter.
92.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives______________(起着不可缺少的作用) in raising children.
93. Mr. Johnson made full preparation for the experiment____________________(以便实验能顺利进行).
94. Prices are going up rapidly. Petrol now __________________________(价格是几年前的两倍).
95. How close parents are to their children __________________(有很强的影响) the character of the children.
1. A【解析】根据下一句及随后的内容，作者讲的是怎样成为动物爱好者的(从小就喜欢动物) ，应当选择A. how。
2. C 【解析】in the first place是固定短语,意思是“首先”。此句意思是：别人经常问到的问题之一，是当初我是如何爱上动物的。
3. A这句话的意思是：作者在呀呀学语之时,最早发清楚的音是“zoo”(动物园) ,而不是“妈妈”,“爸爸”,因此,应选clarity“清晰”。填入其他选项emotion (感情) ,sentiment (多愁善感) ,affection (友爱) 不合逻辑。
4. B【解析】but在此处连接另一个句子(it was the word“zoo”,“it was”被省略) ，表示转折，意为“而是”，Except, except for, but for的用法接近，表示“除了……”。
5. D【解析】根据后面的over and over again,应选“repeat”
6. C【解析】小孩想去动物园,便不停地发出尖叫声,故选“voice”。A shrill voice与scream的意思接近。volume (音量) ；noise (噪音) ；pitch (音调) 均不合要求。
7. B 【解析】shut sb. up是指让某人住口，为了让孩子停止尖叫，只好带他去动物园。
8. A【解析】根据后面主句的时态，此处只能用一般过去时。
9. C【解析】a great many后直接跟可数名词的复数形式；a great / large amount of后跟不可数名词；只有a great /large number of后可以跟可数名词的复数形式。
10 D 【解析】living后必须接介词in，意为“居住”；cultivating耕种；reclaiming开垦；只有exploring有探察的意思。
11. C 【解析】add to相当于increase，增加。其余选项后面都不接to。
12. A
【解析】later on为固定短语，“后来”。
13. D【解析】attendant仆人；keeper可理解为“饲养员”，但是a student- keeper容易被误解为“收留学生的人”；aide有“助手”之义。作者一边上学，一边在动物园里打工，只能当助手。
14. D 【解析】which在此引导定语从句，修饰前面列出的动物。
15. D 【解析】因为钱是在动物园打工挣的，选successfully更能体现其含义。
16. D 【解析】finance my first trip意为“支付我的旅行费用”；pay后应接介词for；其他选项的意思相差甚远。
17. B 【解析】此句为现在完成进行时态,选regularly比较贴切。
18. D【解析】此句是由though引导的让步状语从句，应与主句意思相对立。选项中，sorrows 和disappointments与主句的appeal to相对立，但sorrows的分量太重。
19. C 【解析】appeal to为成语，意思是“吸引”。
20. B 【解析】excursion短途旅行；journey (从一地到另一地的) 长距离，具体的旅途；travel旅行，旅游，海外旅行；trip旅行，远足。
21．[答案l A。Be it ever so late是表示让步意义的虚拟倒装句，它是由Though it (may) be ever so late 这一句省略though再将be移至主语“之前而来。Though...be... 即使……，(其实……未必……)：Though...is...意为“虽然……”、
22．[答案D。as作为连词，引导方式状语从句，其意为“像……一样”。根据平行结构原则，从句中应填入实义动词had (有)。为了避免重复，用助动词did代替had，因此D正确。23，[答案D。come into进入……状态。come about发生，产生。come round顺便来访。而come across碰到，找到，尤指意外地或偶然地碰到，符合题意。
24．[答案A。从句子结构我们可以看出，介词with后面接两个what引导的名词性从句。在前一个从句中，what作主语，is said作谓语：在后一个从句中，what 也是主语，谓语也同样应用被动语态，其中的we think 是插入语，对句子成分不造成影响。所以A正确。C 虽也用了被动语态，但what作主语时，后面的谓语动词一般应用单数，B和D不是被动语态。
25．[答案B。此题考查aware的用法。aware是表语形容词，后边常接介词of 或that从句，据此，B项为正确答案。
26．[答案D。根据句意和句子结构，我们可以看出宾语从句的谓语动词decide发生在主句谓语动词said 之前，因此，从句谓语动词只能使用过去完成时。
27．[答案B。此题考查动词词义。ensure 确保。issue为无关干扰词，发行：分配。28．[答案C。表示否定意义的状语(包括短语和从句)位于句首时，主谓倒装。B虽是倒装，但是全部谓语都提到了主语之前，违背规则。由此可见C为正确答案。
29．[答案D。此题考查连词的用法。provided that 假使：主句常用将来时态，与题干时态不符，应排除。now that 可用来引导原因状语从句，主要用来说明一种新情况。so that 引导结果状语从句，把题干的因果颠倒了，也应排除。in that 是书面语。
30．[答案A。conservative 保守的。confidential 秘密的。comprehensive广泛的：综合的。consistent一致的：符合的。
31．[答案B。此题考查现在分词作定语的用法。affecting表示与其先行词为主动关系。余项所表示的都是被动关系的不同态。
32．[答案B。depart离开，出发。descend下降，下倾，下斜。decrease减少，减小。depress 使……沮丧，使……消沉。
33．[答案B。commission佣金。income收入。salary(通常按月领取的)薪水。pension养老金，抚恤金，退休金。
34．[答案C。not so much．as是一个比较句型，表示“与其说(是语言)还不如说(是文化背景)(使这本书难以理解)”。
35．[答案C。此题考查what引导的名词从句做介词after的宾语。
36．[答案C。stick to坚持。S trike at攻击，企图伤害。S trive for争取，力求。S tand for是．．的缩写：主张，支持。
37．[答案C。连接代词whatever(=no matter what)除引导一个让步状语从句外，在从句中还做表语。However也能引导让步状语从句，但它是连接副词，其后须跟形容词或副词。38．[答案C。result in终归，结果是。fall into 归入：掉入：陷入。consist in在于：存在于。come up to达到：接近。
39．[答案B。句型“There is something in...”意思是“……有一定道理”。
40．[答案l A。英语中有很多名词可以接不定式作定语，pressure 就是其中之一，常用的还有ambition，campaign，chance，courage，decision，determination，drive，effort，intention，need，opportunity, reason，right，struggle，tendency, time，way, wish等。
41．[答案A。postpone延缓，耽搁，后接动名词作宾语。
42．[答案A。表示比较的than在这里是一个关系代词，在从句中作主语。
43．[答案B。versatile 多才多艺的。flexible 意为“灵活的，可变通的”，例如：My holiday plans are very flexible．我的假期计划很灵活。sophisticated 意为“复杂的，尖端的”。productive 意为“富饶的，多产的”。
44．[答案l B。tempt意为“引诱，诱惑”。attract意为“吸引”。drag意为“拖，拉”。elicit 意为“引出，推导出”。
45．[答案D。此题考查从属连词的使用。从题干中可以看出此空应有“尽管：虽然”之意，A项despite有此意，但它却是一个介词，不能引导一个从句。B项unless用来引导一个条件状语从句，相当于if not，与题意不符。C项even是一个副词，不能引导从句，只有D项even though可以引导让步状语从句，符合题。
46．[答案B。in session议会开会期间。
47．[答案D。in honor of the birth of Jesus Christ为了庆祝基督的诞生。
48．[答案B。be committed to doing sth．致力于做某事。
49．[答案A。came off 实现，went off消失，brought out生产，make out进展。
50．[答案D，gear...to...根据……调整……，improve，enhance两个单词与varieties 搭配都不恰当，guarantee 也不能与varieties搭配，
Passage1
欧洲南部的妇女在10和11世纪时享有较高的社会地位，这并未获得广泛认识。作为一个妻子，女性的地位受到其嫁妆的保护。诚然，嫁妆最初的目的是防止女性被抛弃;但是，它在当时家庭和社会现实生活中起着更重要的作用。妻子的嫁妆使她有权获得其丈夫十分之一的财物。妻子有权利拒绝丈夫所做的任何交易，但这不仅仅只是一项权利而已;文件表明她与丈夫一样平等地享有真正的决定权。文件没有表明丈夫和妻子在法律地位上有任何差别。妻子享有管理丈夫私人财产的权利，但是反之则不然。如果丈夫要越权侵犯她们的利益，女性们会时刻准备着捍卫自己的利益，有时她们还会表现出一种坚强的斗争精神。Maria Vivas就是一个典型的例子。为了家庭的需要，她同意其丈夫Miro出售一块属于她的土地，但是她坚持要求获得补偿。但是丈夫没有给她提供补偿，于是她把丈夫拖到一个文书处，起草了一份合同，成功地把他丈夫的一块私人土地划归自己。正如合同所写的，“为了和平”，这个不幸的丈夫不得不同意。要么借助嫁妆，要么通过发脾气，妻子知道如何在家庭中为自己赢得强大的经济地位。
51. 【解析】[C 推断题。本文介绍了欧洲南部10和11世纪嫁妆对女性在婚姻中地位的重要性。虽然嫁妆最初的目的是防止女性被抛弃，但实际上它的作用远远不止于此。它使妻子在婚姻中的地位与丈夫平等，并保障了妻子的经济利益。女性在维护自己的利益上，是很坚定果敢的，Maria Vivas就是一个例子。见第一段第三句，“Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion...”，虽然在实际生活中嫁妆有更重要的作用，但最初它的作用只是为了防范女性被丈夫抛弃，所以C为正确答案。
52.【解析】[D 细节题。根据本文，妻子在婚姻中的法律地位和丈夫是平等的。见第一段最后一句，“In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife”文件中并没有表明丈夫和妻子在法律地位上有任何的差别，也就是说他们的地位是平等的，所以D为正确答案。
53.【解析】[B 推断题。作者举Maria Vivas的事例，是为了说明妻子是能够捍卫自己的利益的。见第二段第二句，“Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance...they showed a fine fighting spirit.”如果丈夫要侵占自己的利益，女性们就时刻准备着捍卫自己的利益，有时她们还表现出很强的斗争精神。接下来作者就举了Maria Vivas 的例子，说明女性是有能力捍卫自己的利益的。所以B为正确答案。
54.【解析】[A 细节题。Maria Vivas得到的一份作为补偿的土地，本来是属于Miro的个人财产。见第二段第五句，“None being offered, she succeeded in... assigning her a piece of land from Miro s personal inheritance”由此知A为正确答案。
55.【解析】[D 推断题。作者对Maria Vivas所持的态度是客观的。作者客观地介绍了Maria Vivas的事例，并没有表示出同情、不满或者是漠不关心，所以A、B、C都是错误答案。
Passage 2
56．[答案B。词汇题。skin-deep是“肤浅的，表面的”意思，与superficial意思相近。57．[答案A。理解题。主要是考察对“physical assets and liabilities”的理解，意为“长相的优劣”，整句的意思为“长相的优劣对于一个人的事业影响不太大”
58．[答案D。细节题。根据第四段“Almost invariably, the better looking... what is beautiful is good．”，可知D为正确答案。
59．[答案C。归纳题。在文章第五段中，作者指出，妇女一方面可以借助美貌比较容易地找到工作，另一个方面因为人们一般会觉得美丽的妇女不如长相一般的妇女有能力而使美丽的妇女不容易得到经理之类的职位，不难看出“Good looks cut both ways for women”的意思与C中内容相符。
60．[答案A。推理题。根据文章最后一段不难推理出正确答案是A。
Passage 3
61. 【正确答案】［D about how jazz became popular in America.
【本题考点】主旨大意题。
【试题精解】本文主要讲述音乐家Benny Goodman如何使爵士乐成为一种美国通俗音乐。选项［A“爵士乐概观”和［B“Benny Goodman传记”都涉及面太宽，所以不选。选项［C“美国民族音乐的起源”与本文大意无关。
【考点出处】
62. 【正确答案】［C Benny Goodman was unknown to public when he left New York.
【本题考点】细节判断题。
【试题精解】此题可利用排除法来做。文章第一段提到在洛杉矶巴罗默演奏厅的演出是一次艰难的跋涉，因此可排除选项［A。文中还提到在此前10年中其他人在爵士乐方面也有卓越的创作，故排除［B项。文章还提到乐队不得已演奏了华尔兹、探戈及新奇的乐曲。由此排除［D。而选项［C中说Benny Goodman悄悄离开纽约恰合题意，故选［C。
【考点出处】文中第一段。
63. 【正确答案】［A Jazz is a style of music native to America.
【本题考点】推理暗示题。
【试题精解】根据文章第一段末句“...still a suspect and largely subliminal American folk music...”可以推断：爵士乐是源于美国一种音乐风格。
【考点出处】第一段末句。
64. 【正确答案】［B to make changes to an organization.
【本题考点】主旨大意题。
【试题精解】shake up在语境中意为：大力整顿，重组，使受到变动很大的安排或组织。分析四个选项可知只有［B项合乎题意，故选［B。
【考点出处】根据语境及上下文联系推断词组意思。
65. 【正确答案】［B satirizing attitude.
【本题考点】语义归纳题。
【试题精解】文章所引用的Olin Downes 的话，显然是一段针对Goodman s 乐队演出的讽刺性的评论。因此本题的正确答案是［B。
【考点出处】通过对全文的归纳总结来分析人物的态度，关键信息在最后一段。
■核心词汇
1.clarinetistn.单簧管演奏者
2.bandleadern.伴舞乐队的指挥
3.ragtagn.平民，穷人［例ragtag and bobtail 下层社会
4.numbern.乐曲［例My sister sang several numbers from the musical. 我姐姐唱了歌舞片里的几部选曲。
5.subliminala.下意识的，潜在意识的
6.legionn.大批，一大群人［例 a legion of admirers 一群仰慕者
7.frenzyn.狂暴，狂乱［例In a frenzy of hate he killed the boss and revenged his friend.在一阵痛恨的狂乱中，他杀死了老板，为朋友报了仇。
8.trio三人一组，三件一套；三重奏，三重唱
■难句注释
（1）There were half a dozen dismal, …and novelty numbers.
【解析】复合句。关系副词where 引导定语从句。
【译文】有六、七场沉闷的夜间演出，观众寥寥无几。乐队又在丹佛的一家舞厅演出了三个星期，不得已演奏了华尔兹、探戈及一些新奇的舞曲。
（2）Before the weeks at the Palomar were over, …and others—into a popular music.
【解析】注意此处make sth. into sth. 的结构表示“将……变成了……”。
【译文】很清楚，在帕罗玛几个星期的演出结束之前，Goodman 突然间将爵士乐——一种尚不明确的很大程度上是潜意识的美国民间音乐，尽管有早先十年中Jelly Roll Morton 和其他人的卓越创造——变成了一种通俗音乐。
（3）It was the first great American show frenzy, …frenzies of the Seventies and Eighties.
【解析】句中三个介词for后接三个并列成分。
【译文】那是美国第一次由于演出引发的狂热现象，后来又出现了1947年的Sinatra 狂热，披头士合唱队狂热及七十年代和八十年代忘我的摇滚演出狂热。
（4）Despite the immediate rumblings …even further up the American popular register.
【解析】“if noise, speed and beat, all old devices, are heat”是插入语。despite: 介词，意为：不管，不顾；the Times: 美国《时代》杂志；in the long run: 最后，终究；register 此处意为：记录。
【译文】尽管美国《时代》杂志古典乐评论家Olin Downes 立即发出批评怨言，（“如果噪音、快速的音乐节奏和节拍以及所有的旧乐器就意味着热烈，昨天晚上的演出很‘热’，却毫无意义，终究无疑是单调乏味”），Goodman 的音乐会推进了爵士乐在美国通俗乐中的地位。
■全文精译
爵士乐的流行
1935年，只有26岁的单簧管演奏者兼乐队指挥Benny Goodman率领由14件乐器组成的“摇摆”乐队，乘坐不甚显耀的车队离开纽约，前往（head for）洛杉矶巨大的巴罗默演奏厅。这是一次艰难的跋涉（be not an easy trip）。有六、七场（half a dozen）沉闷的（dismal）夜间演出，观众寥寥无几（sparsely attend）。乐队又在丹弗的一家舞厅演出了三个星期，不得已（be forced to）演奏了华尔兹、探戈及一些新奇的乐曲。在巴罗默首场演出晚会上，乐队首先演奏了芭蕾曲，却没有得到舞友的回应。一位乐师说：要想制造爆炸性效果就制造点新花样吧！Goodman便要求（call for）乐队演奏狂热、快速的改编乐曲，其中许多曲子是这位天才的黑人乐队指挥和乐曲改编者Fletcher Henderson演奏的。年轻人们都不跳舞了，他们全欢呼着围到了演奏台周围。很清楚，在帕罗马几个星期的演出结束前，Goodman突然将爵士乐——尽管在此前10年中Jelly Roll Morton和其他人都有卓越的创作，爵士乐当
时仍然没有为人们所接受、在很大程度上仍然是潜意识的美国民间音乐——变成了一种通俗音乐。
Goodman令人惊奇的方式继续着。1936年，他邀请两位黑人乐师——优雅的钢琴演奏家（the elegant pianist）和专注的（the plunging）电颤琴演奏家Lione Hampton——加盟，这极大地影响了（shake up）白人娱乐圈。（而事实上（to be sure），两位黑人乐师都没有在乐队中演奏，只是在演奏间歇时同Goodman和鼓手Gene Krupa一起露露面。）一年后，当乐队入驻纽约市派拉蒙剧院演奏三周，大群年轻人到场，他们尖叫着、狂舞着，几乎发生了混乱。那是美国第一次由于演出引发的狂热现象（show frenzy），它为后来出现的1947年的西纳特拉狂热、披头士合唱队狂热和70、80年代忘我的摇滚乐产生的狂热铺平了道路。
接着，1938年1月16日晚，Goodman率领乐队进入已卖出的卡耐基大厅，对古典音乐发起挑战。庞大的乐队演奏了十多首乐曲、两曲三重奏、五曲四重奏。尽管美国《时代》杂志古典音乐评论家Olin Downes立即提出批评（“昨天晚上的演奏，如果噪音、快速的音乐节奏和节拍以及所有的旧乐器就意味着热烈，昨天晚上的演出很“热”，却毫无意义（nothing come of it all），终究无疑是单调乏味（monotonous）”），Goodman的音乐会进一步提高了爵士乐在美国通俗乐中的影响。
Passage 4
66. 【正确答案】［C big animals.
【本题考点】词语释义题。
【试题精解】考生如果有一定的构词法知识一眼就可看出该题的答案。“mega”在英文中指“big”；fauna指“animals”，显然［C为正确答案。考生如果没有这方面的知识，也可以利用上下文来判断。作者在提到megafauna后紧接着提到了Genyornis,在第三段开始对其进行了描述：“Genyornis was a ponderous bird, around 80 to 100kg in weight, about twice as heavy as the living emu and cassowary.”足见其大。
【考点出处】第二段末句，但对该词的推断却应联系上下文。
67. 【正确答案】［D clumsy.
【本题考点】细节判断题。
【试题精解】第三段中指出“it is such characteristics that made the megafauna vulnerable to human hunting”“such characteristics”指的是其“heavy, short and thick”, 即“clumsy”。
【考点出处】根据第三段第二句可知它的腿短而粗，跑得慢，［D项clumsy“笨拙的”与句意一致。
68. 【正确答案】［C Three.
【本题考点】细节判断题。
【试题精解】文中共提到了三种：（1）Human hunting;（2）Climate;（3）Human impact and climate change。
【考点出处】第二、三、四段中。
69. 【正确答案】［D The climatic conditions had nothing to do with the extinction of Genyoris.
【本题考点】推理暗示题。
【试题精解】澳大利亚经历了“mild cooling”, 美洲经历了“rapid warming”, 而两个地方都出现了Genyornis的灭绝，说明气候对其灭绝并未产生什么影响。在文中最后一段作者也指出“the influence of climate becomes extremely weak, and only the arrival of humans is important in predicting extinction.”
【考点出处】第二段和第四段。
70. 【正确答案】［D the debate over factors causing megafaunal extinction.
【本题考点】主旨大意题。
【试题精解】本文重点介绍了造成“magafaunal extinction”的三种原因，所以［D为正确答案。
【考点出处】考察对全文的理解能力，实际上从第三题的做答中我们就可得出解答该题的部分相关信息。
■核心词汇
1.chronologyn.年代学
2.luminescencen.发光
3.erroneousa.错误的［同义false, incorrect, inexact
4.megafaunan.巨型动物
5.fluctuationn.变化［同义oscillation, rolling
6.ponderousa.笨重的［同义heavy, weighty, massive, bulky
7.cassowaryn.食火鸡
■全文精译
澳洲古代巨鸟灭绝探因
要创建人类是何时到来的、且为人们所广为接受的年代表同样也是困难的。并且只有在光学模拟发光测定年代的方法发展起来后，人们才确定53，000年到60，000年前澳洲有了人类，现在已证明更久远的年代是错误的。
之所以把澳洲称为试验种族灭绝理论的天然实验室，其重要性在于（lie in）：人类到达这儿的年代要远远先于到达经历过巨型动物灭亡的其他大陆（如欧洲和欧亚大陆北部）的年代。Miller等人向我们说明，“巨鸟”于50，000年前在澳洲南部同时灭绝，这和人们普遍接受的人类到达澳洲大陆的时间相当接近。这也是气候温和的时期，随后很久才发生了更新世晚期灭绝性的气候剧变。Miller的资料支撑了认为人类捕猎而非气候变化是巨兽灭绝的原因的观点。
“巨鸟”是远古时期一种巨型鸟类，重约80到100公斤，是鸸鹋和食火鸡的两倍重。它是澳洲内陆和沿海地区的动物，但它的腿相对短而粗，证明它不如鸸鹋跑得快。坚持人类导致这种鸟灭绝的人说，它们的这种特性使它们很容易受到（be vulnerable to ...）捕杀。
在这一“灭绝争论”中，新的学派又建立了。他们赞成人类及气候因素结合导致（be responsible for ...）了世界范围巨型动物的灭绝的观点。新的巨鸟资料也削弱了这种争论，原因如下：50，000年前，澳洲气候逐渐变冷；11，000到12，000年前，美洲气温迅速上升。这些完全相异的气候条件正好与巨鸟灭绝时期相吻合（be coincident with）。这说明，无论气候怎样变化，巨型动物还是难逃厄运。在这种情况下（under these conditions），这种结合两种说法的观点就变得与人类导致其灭绝的观点难以区别了。因为在他们看来，气候影响是那么微弱，只有人类的到来才预示了巨型动物的灭绝。
Word choice
71. 【解析】[D] feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. “对……感到有愧”。全句的意思为“我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。
72.【解析】[M] be obsessed with 为固定搭配，原意为“被……附上/缠住/迷住心窍”，放在本句表示“十分重视”。全句的意思为“我们很重视健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延”。
73.【解析】[A]本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer。
74.【解析】[I]本句根据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”，可以确定I为正确选项。
75. 【解析】[F]本题较难。根据be 和by 确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示“应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通过but 转折，表示实际上“美国的食物已经被诸如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”，因此可以确定F为正确选项。
76.【解析】[B]政治结果，可根据宗教原因religious reasons来推断此处填政治结果。
77.【解析】[L]由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，作bring的宾语。根据下文解释，“美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意思为“坚定的观点也不是确定不变的”。因此可以确定L为正确选项。78.【解析】[K]系动词become后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词of形成短语be/become suspicious of “对……感到怀疑”。
79.【解析】[J]本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in的搭配，可以推断出正确选项belief，(have)belief in sth.“相信……”。
80.【解析】[C]本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with 搭配，确定选项share, share sth. with sb., “与某人分享某事”。
81. 将always 前的you 改为yourself 考查反身代词的用法。此处需掌握短语make oneself happy使自己高兴。
82. find 后加it 考查it作形式宾语。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。
83. Did-Do考查动词时态。根据文意应用一般现在时。
84. really 前加be 考查谓语动词。此处形容词happy前缺谓语动词be。
85. 删除will 考查动词时态。在条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
86. give—giving 考查动名词。此处and前后为并列关系，故改为动名词。
87. even 后加if / though; 或者even—though / although 考查状语从句的连接词。根据文意应改为even if或even though。
88. follow—follows 考查主谓一致。此句的主语是each故用单数形式。
89. 正确经分析此句正确。
90. necessarily—necessary考查be necessary to do的结构。
91.【答案】not so much a writer
92.【答案】play indispensable roles
93.【答案】so that it could be conducted smoothly
94.【答案】is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago
95.【答案】has a strong influence on
自主招生样題 2009年北京大学自主招生考试语文试题 一、举出两个典型的成语曲解 (例：度日如年，日子过得很好，每天都像在过年) 二、两个病句改错（从语法角度）： 我们都有一个家，名字叫中国。 素胚勾勒出青花笔锋浓转淡。 三、对联：博雅塔前人博雅 （注：博雅塔是北大校园内一处景物） 四、翻译下段文言文 吴人之归有绮其衣者衣数十袭届时而易之而特居于盗乡盗涎而妇弗觉犹日炫其华绣于丛莽之下盗遂杀而取之盗不足论而吾甚怪此妇知绮其衣而不知所以置其身夫使托身于荐绅之家健者门焉严扃深居盗乌得取唯其濒盗居而复炫其装此其所以死耳天下有才之士不犹吴妇之绮其衣乎托非其人则与盗邻盗贪利而嗜杀故炫能于乱邦匪有全者杜袭喻繁钦曰子若见能不已非吾徒也钦卒用其言以免于刘表之祸呜呼袭可谓善藏矣钦亦可谓善听矣不尔吾未见其不为吴妇也。 五、阅读 我顺着剥落的高墙走路，踏着松的灰土。另外有几个人，各自走路。微风起来，露在墙头的高树的枝条带着还未干枯的叶子在我头上摇动。 微风起来，四面都是灰土。 一个孩子向我求乞，也穿着夹衣，也不见得悲戚，近于儿戏；我烦腻他这追着哀呼。 我走路。另外有几个人各自走路。微风起来，四面都是灰土。 一个孩子向我求乞，也穿着夹衣，也不见得悲戚，但是哑的，摊开手，装着手势。我就憎恶他这手势。而且，他或者并不哑，这不过是一种求乞的法子。我不布施，我无布施心，我但居布施者之上，给与烦腻，疑心，憎恶。 我顺着倒败的泥墙走路，断砖叠在墙缺口，墙里面没有什么。微风起来，送秋寒穿透我的夹衣；四面都是灰土。 我想着我将用什么方法求乞：发声，用怎样声调？装哑，用怎样手势？…… 另外有几个人各自走路。 我将得不到布施，得不到布施心；我将得到自居于布施之上者的烦腻，疑心，
郎溪县2017 年高中自主招生统一考试英语试卷（满分100 分，时间60 分钟）座位号姓名 一. 单项选择 (每小题 1 分,共 15 分) ( )1 ---- Wow, how cool the T-shirt is! Where can I buy like yours? ----In the shopping center. A. this B. one C. it D. that ( )2. ----Look! Matthew is coming. He is full of all the time. ----Well, that’s because he takes lots of exercise every day. A. energy B. courage C. confidence D. knowledge ( )3 ----- Betty, did you reach the top of the hill? ----Yes. Even I myself didn’t believe I could it. A. work B. climb C. get D. make ( )4. If we can our difficulties, then everything will be OK. A. get over B. go over C. take over D. turn over ( )5 ---- Would you like to take a walk in the Swan Lake Park with me tonight? ----Certainly, I’m too busy. A. until B. if C. unless D. or ( )6 ---- Will your sister be at home this Sunday? ----It’s hard to say. She go to the countryside to see my grandparents. A. must B. should C. can D. may ( )7. of them knows French, so I have to ask a third person for help. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None ( )8 ---- How do you like my new schoolbag? ----Sorry, but what did you say? I about something else. A. think B. thought C. am thinking D. was thinking ( )9 ---- Excuse me. Could you please tell me to park my car? ----Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you. A. how B. why C. where D. when ( )10 ------ Shall we go to Ann’s birthday next Friday? ---- .............. I might have to work at that time. A. It depends B. Sounds great C. Why not? D. No, thanks. ( )11. The Spring Festival is on the way, and many supermarkets have huge posters with the word “ SALE”． A. put off B. put away C. put up D. put on ( )12. It is not for you to talk with your mouth full at table. A .easy B. proper C. healthy D. awful ( )13 ----- You seem to like chocolate very much. ---- ...................... Y ou know, I have a sweet tooth. A．So I am B．So do I C. So I do D. So am I ( )14 ----- I hope to take the cooking course. ----Good idea. more about it, visit the website for more information. A. Knowing B. To know C. Know D. Known ( )15 ----- How clean your bedroom is! ----It just now. A. was cleaned B. is cleaned C. has been cleaned D. will be cleaned
2019年衡水中学高中自主招生物理试题（含答案） （100分，90分钟） 一、选择题（每小题4分，共40分，每小题至少有一个正确的选项，选对但不全得2分， 有错选得0分） 1、如图1所示，浸在水中的A 物体的质量为3kg ，B 物体的质量为2kg ，且整体处于静止 状态，弹簧测力计自身重力不计（g =9.8N/kg ）。下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．弹簧测力计的示数为19.6N B ．物体A 浸在水中的体积为500cm 3 C ．物体A 受三个力作用 D ．物体B 受到的重力和B 对绳的拉力是一对平衡力 2、如图2所示：轻质弹簧a 、b 处于竖直方向，一端固定在物 体上，另外一端与分别 固定于上下两块木板上，物体处于静 止状态，现已知两弹簧的弹力大小分别为F a =22N ，F b =12N ，则 物体的重力大小可能为（ ） A ．34N B ．2N C ．10N D ．6N 3、如图所示，水平地面上放置相同材料制成的四个木块，其 中两个质量为m 的木块间用一不可伸长的水平轻绳相连，下面两个木块质量分别为2m 和 3m 。现用水平拉力F 拉其中一个质量为3m 的木块，使四个木块一同水平向右匀速运动，则 （ ） A ．质量为3m 的木块与地面间的摩擦力为4F /7 B ．质量为2m 的木块与地面间的摩擦力为F /2 C ．轻绳对m 的拉力为3F /7 D ．轻绳对m 的拉力为F /2 4、一物块由静止开始从粗糙斜面上的某点加速下滑到另一点，在此过程中（ ） A ．物块的动能减少 B ．物块的重力势能减少 C ．物块重力势能的减少量等于物块动能的增加量 D ．物块重力势能的减少量等于物块和斜面摩擦产生的总热量与物块动能的增加量之和 5、如图所示为用热敏电阻R 和电磁继电器L 等组成的一个简单的恒温控制电路，其中热敏 电阻的阻值会随温度的升高而减小．电源甲与继电器、热 敏电阻等组成控制电路，电源乙与恒温箱加热器（图中未 画出）相连接．则（ ） A ．当温度降低到某一数值，衔铁P 将会被吸下 B ．当温度升高到某一数值，衔铁P 将会被吸下 C ．工作时，应该把恒温箱内的加热器接在A 、B 端 D ．工作时，应该把恒温箱内的加热器接在C 、D 端 6、如图4所示，两平面镜A 和B 之间的夹角为9°自平 面镜B 上的某点P 射出一条与B 镜面成β角的光线， 在β角由0°至180°范围内（不包括0°）连续变化的 过程中，发现当β取某角度时，光线经镜面一次或多 次反射后，恰好能返回到P 点，则符合该要求的β的个数有（ ） A ．1个 B ．4个 C ．6个 D ．9个 图
高中自主招生模拟考试语文试题 一、积累与运用（35分） 1、阅读下面语段，完成（1）-（3）题。（7分） 吾弟尝以“计利当计天下利，求名应求万世名”自勉，倘能于吾弟手中成此伟业，必为举国尊敬，世人推祟，功在国家，名留青史。所谓“罪人”之说，实相bèimiǜ（），局促东隅．（），终非久计。明若吾弟，自当了燃。 如迁延不决，或委之异日，不仅徒生困扰，吾弟亦将难辞其咎 ．．．．（）。 ⑴根据拼音写汉字。（3分）①实相bèimiǜ②局促东yú ⑵给“难辞其咎 ．．．．”注音：（2分） ⑶文中有两个错别字，请找出并加以改正。（2分） 改改 2、下列句中标点符号使用正确的一项是（）（2分） A．法国思想家帕斯卡有一句名言：“人是一支有思想的芦苇”。 B．3月12日，四、五百中小学生参加义务植树活动。 C．花朵儿一串挨着一串，一朵接着一朵，彼此推着挤着，好不活泼热闹！ D．新中国的历史上无法抹去这些名字：焦裕禄、王进喜、吴吉昌、杨立伟……等。 3．诗文默写。（10分） ⑴了却君王天下事，。 ⑵，甲光向日金鳞开。 ⑶天下英雄谁敌手？曹刘。。 ⑷潭中鱼可百许头，。日光下澈，影布石 上，，，，似与游者相乐。 ⑸等到快日落的时候，，，， 。就是下小雪吧，济南是受不住大雪的，那些小山太秀气！ 4、综合性学习(8分) 汉字是文化的载体，但在电脑日益普及的今天，人们用笔写字的时间却越来越少，一些人的字越写越不规范。为了帮助学生从小养成良好的写字习惯，学校组织学生进行“写好规范字从我做起”综合实践活动，以提高学生的书写水平。请你完成下列任务。 ⑴.请根据下面材料所提供的信息，概括表明汉字书写很重要的两点理由。（2分） 【链接材料】汉字和中医、京剧等，被誉为中国的国粹，中学生应该下功夫写好汉字。首先，从写好规范字做起，字 写出来，既要正确端正，又要清楚整洁。其次，在规范书写的基础上，做到熟练、美观。在多数人习惯于电脑打字的今天，
人教版2019-2020学年高一自主招生考试英语试卷C卷 一、单项填空(共25小题，每小题1分，满分25分) (共25题；共25分) 1. （1分）—How do you celebrate Spring Festival ？ —_____ getting together with my family and having a wonderful meal. A . By B . With C . In D . For 2. （1分）— Pandas are in danger. What should we do? — give some money to the groups like WWF to protect them? A . Why not B . What about C . Let's D . We should 3. （1分）She doesn't know how to her naughty children. A . deal B . take C . manage 4. （1分）—Must I leave now? —No, you_________. You may still stay here if you like. A . mustn't B . can't C . don't have to D . won't 5. （1分）—Would you like to go fishing with me? —I don't feel like it. I would rather _______ at home and have a sleep. A . stay B . to stay C . staying
2014年北约自主招生语文试题汇总及解析(部分) 一、填空题(部分) 1.很多人的第一次骄傲( )是从戴上北大( )清华的校徽开始的。 答案：感；或 清北解析：这句话选自文章《北大是清泉，清华是岩浆》，作者是北大中文系的李方， 与好友鑫华同念。这两个空不难，凭借基本的语感和简单的逻辑便可答出。但刚拿到这道题， 考生们会有一种不知所云的感觉。考察这两个空的意义何在？也许这道题的意义不在这两个 空，而在于试卷的开始激励考生的斗志，也在于引导考生去阅读这样一篇深入剖析北大清华 校园氛围的美文，去更好地了解他们心中的理想学府。 2.高端大气上档次，低调奢华(有内涵);时尚亮丽(小清新)，可爱乡村非主流。 答案：这是一段网络流行用语，全文是：“高端大气上档次，低调奢华有内涵，简约时 尚国际范，奔放洋气有深度，低端粗俗甩节操，土鳖矫情无下限，装模作样绿茶婊，外猛内 柔女汉子，卖萌嘟嘴剪刀手，忧郁深沉无所谓，狂拽帅气叼炸天，冷艳高贵接地气，时尚亮 丽小清新，可爱乡村非主流，贵族王朝杀马特，提莫团战必须死。” 清北解析：题目看似轻松有趣，多多少少舒缓了紧张的考试氛围，但实际上，考生如果 不关注时下的流行用语，回答这道题可并不简单。另一方面，严格说来，这道题属于“对联 题”，分号前后两句分别是一组对仗。考生如果不了解当下的流行用语，也可现场思考，把 它当成一道传统的对联题来做。点评：这道题考察了被很多考生称为“闭着眼睛都能填出来” 的最新网络热词。题目看似轻松有趣，多多少少舒缓了紧张的考试氛围，但实际上，考生如 果不关注时下的流行用语，回答这道题可并不简单。 另一方面，严格说来，这道题属于“对联题”，分号前后两句分别是一组对仗。
学校 姓名 准考证号 自主招生考试 物理素质测试题 ◆注意事项： 本试题共四大题，满分80分，考试时间80分钟。 题号 一 二 三 四 总 分 15 16 得分 一、选择题（本大题5小题，每小题4分，共20分。每小题至少有一个正确选项，不选、错选均不得分，少选得2分） 1．如图1所示，上瓶内装有空气，下瓶内装有红棕色的二氧化氮气体，将上下两瓶间的玻璃板 抽掉后，两瓶气体混合在一起，颜色变得均匀，这个现象主要说明 A ．物质是由分子组成的 B ．分子不停做无规则运动 C ．分子间有作用力 D ．分子有一定的质量 2．有一根竖直吊着的弹簧，如果在弹簧下端挂上质量为m 1的物体后，弹簧长度为L 1；如果在 弹簧下端挂上质量为m 2的物体后，弹簧长度为L 2，则弹簧原来的长度不可能为（m 1＜m 2； 上述过程弹簧均处于弹性限度内） A ．21L L + B ．12L L - C ． 121 221m m m L m L -- D ．1 21122m m m L m L -- 3．一盏电灯接在恒定电压的电源上，其功率为100W 。若将这盏电灯先接在一段很长的导线后， 再接在同一电源上，已知导线上损失功率是9 W ，那么此时电灯实际消耗功率是 A ．91 W B ．小于91 W C ．大于91W D ．条件不足，无法确定 4．如图2所示，一平面镜放在圆筒的中心处，平面镜正对筒壁上一点 光源S ，点光源发出一细光束垂直射向平面镜。平面镜从图示位置开 始绕圆筒中心轴O 匀速转动，在转动ο 30角时，点光源在镜中所成的 像转过的角度1θ，照射到筒壁上的反射光斑转过的角度2θ，则 A ．ο 301=θ，ο 302=θ B ．ο 301=θ，ο 602=θ C ．ο 601=θ，ο 302=θ D ．ο 601=θ，ο60 2=θ 5．如图3所示装置中，均匀木棒AB 的A 端固定在铰链上，悬线一端绕过一固定定滑轮，另一 端用线套套在木棒上使棒保持水平。现使线套逐渐向右移动，但始终使木棒保持水平，则悬 线上的拉力T （棒和悬线足够长） A ．逐渐变小 B ．逐渐变大 C ．先逐渐变大，后又逐渐变小 D ．先逐渐变小，后又逐渐变大 图1 图3 图2 （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ） （ ）
面试材料 1、下列语段中红色的字注音完全正确的一项是：（）A 自然需要品味。品味巍峨雄壮的高山，我们的心胸会豁然开朗；品味广袤无垠的大海，我们会为生命的宽广而骄傲；品味云彩飘飘的蓝天，我们会为云朵飘散后的重聚而高兴……这些如宝石一般晶莹璀璨的自然物总是在我们身边盘旋。懂得品位的人，才会得到快乐人生的青睐。 A、wēi yín cuǐ lài B、wiē yínɡ cīu lài C、wēi yín cǐu lài D、wiē yínɡ cuī lái 2、下列词语书写全部正确的一项是：（）C A、挺而走险惟妙惟肖绘声绘色 B、张口结舌炉火纯青迫不急待 C、凶相毕露脍炙人口孜孜不倦 D、除恶务尽银装素裹余音绕粱 3、为了欢度端午节，我班准备编写一份《端午风俗》手抄报，特向全班同学征稿，有一位同学收集到了下面四方面的材料，你认为应该删去的一项是：（）B A、“屈原含冤投汨罗江”的历史故事。 B、“玉兔捣药”、“吴刚伐桂”的古老传说。 C、“龙舟竞渡”的活动记录。 D、唐“九子粽”、宋“蜜饯粽”、元“箬叶粽”等的历史介绍。 4、下面作家、作品对应有错的一项是：（）D A、莫泊桑——《项链》《我的叔叔于勒》 B、雨果——《巴黎圣母院》《悲惨世界》 C、巴金——《家》《春》《寒夜》 D、萧红——《呼兰河传》《寄小读者》 5、下面各个城市与雅号不对应的一项是：（）C A、音乐之都——维也纳 B、雾都——伦敦 C、佛教之都——开罗 D、对称的古都——北京 6、下面文学常识的表述正确的一项是：（）D A、文学史上所说的唐宋八大家分别是：韩愈、柳宗元、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、欧阳修、王安石、杜甫。 B、李清照和辛弃疾都是南宋著名的豪放派词人。 C、《春秋》是我国第一部诗歌总集，分为“风”“雅”“颂”三大类。 D、高尔基被列宁称为“无产阶级艺术的最杰出的代表”。 7、下列句子标点符号使用正确的一项是：（）B A、“飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天”。李白的这两句诗运用比喻和夸张，将庐山瀑布雄伟壮观的景象描绘得极为生动。
2011年上海市普通高等学校 招收应届中等职业学校毕业生统一文化考试 英语试卷 （满分100分，考试时间100分钟） 第Ⅰ卷（共70分） I.听力理解（本大题共20分） Part A 短对话理解：根据所听到的短对话，选出最恰当的答案。（本部分共8分，每小题1分） 1. A. Librarian and reader. B. Consumer and repairman. C. Boss the secretary. D. Shop-assistant and customer. 2. A. At the bus station. B. At the airport. C. At the post office. D. At the bank. 3. A. Library. B. Supermarket. C. Kindergarten. D. Book store. 4. A. The film lasted long. B. The woman didn’t see the film. C. The film isn’t worth seeing. D. The woman wants to see the film again. 5. A. Next to the railway station. B. Opposite the Tower Building. C. Next to the Tower Building. D. Opposite the Bank. 6. A. The yellow button. B. The white button. C. The blue button. D. The red button. 7. A. In a book store. B. At a bank. C. At a post office. D. In a library. 8. A. Sit down. B. Remain standing. C. Find himself a seat. D. Go ahead of the woman. Part B 长对话理解：根据所听到的长对话，选出最恰当的答案。（本部分共6分，每小题1分） (A) 9. A. Worried. B. Amused. C. Disappointed. D. Excited. 10. A. I missed two classes. B. I missed three classes. C. I missed no classes. D. I missed five classes. 11. A. I have balanced my life. B. I haven’t put all my heart into my study. C. I gave up the job. D. I failed in my English examination. . (B) 12. A. The woman doesn’t give the man any help. B. The woman gives the man some advice. C. The man gives the woman some help.
自主招生考试物理试题（十五） （满分100分，时间90分钟） 试卷说明： 1、答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2、答第Ⅱ卷时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上书写，要求字迹工整、笔迹清晰。作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡规定的位置绘出，确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 第Ⅰ卷 （选择题 共40分） 一、单项选择题（本题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符 合题目要求） 1、甲、乙两辆汽车沿平直公路从某地同时驶向同一目标，甲车在前一半时间里以速度v 1匀速直线运动，后一半时间里以速度v 2做匀速直线运动(v 1≠v 2)；乙车在前一半路程中以速度v 1做匀速直线运动，后一半路程中以速度v 2做匀速直线运动(v 1≠v 2)，则（ ） A 、甲车先到达 B 、乙车先到达 C 、甲、乙同时到达 D 、不能确定 2、如图所示，A 、B 、C 三个物体叠放在水平面上，同时有N F 2 的两个水平力分别作用于A 、B 两物体上，A 、B 、C 三个物体仍处于静止状态，则不正确的是（ ） A 、A 物体对 B 物体的摩擦力为2N ，向左 B 、地面对A 物体的摩擦力为2N ，向右 C 、B 物体对C 物体的摩擦力为零 D 、A 物体受到5个力的作用 3、某校新建成一个喷水池，在池底中央安装了一支射灯，射灯发出的一束光照在右边的池壁上，当池内无水时，站在池旁左边的人，看到在S 点形成一个亮斑，如图所示，现往池内灌水，水面升至a 位置时，人看到亮斑的位置在P 点；如果水面升至b 位置时，人看到亮斑的位置在Q 点，则（ ） A 、P 点在S 点的上方，Q 点在S 点的下方 B 、P 点在S 点的下方，Q 点在S 点的上方 C 、P 点在S 点的下方，Q 点在S 点的下方 D 、P 点在S 点的上方，Q 点在S 点的上方 4、某敬老院为老人买了一辆电动轮椅，工作原理如图所示，操纵杆可以同时控制S 1和S 2两个
Independent Recruitment English Exam (July 2016-C) Time: 90 minutes Student’s Name: School’s Name: Section I：Use of Language 语言运用(Total Marks 25%) Direction: For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice for each question in the answer sheet. 1. It is no longer a problem _______ the poor children in this district can go to school. A. that B. whether C. so D. because 2. A survey was carried out on the death rate of those who were infected by SARS, ________were surprising. A. as results B. which results C. the results of it D. the results of which 3. The organization broke no rules, but ______had it acted responsibly. A. neither B. so C. either D. both 4. Many workers were organized to clear away ______remained of the World Trade Center. A. those B. that C. what D. where 5. My train arrive in New York at eight o'clock tonight. The plane I would like to take from there ______by then. A. would leave B. will have left C. has left D. had left 6. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____his arguments in favor of the new theory. A. to be based on B. to base on C. which to base on D. on which to base 7. — Will you go to the party? — Of course I will if______. A. having invited B. invited C. I was invited D. I will be invited
2014综合性大学自主选拔录取联合考试（北约） 人文科学基础——文科试卷 语文部分 一、选择题（每道题2分，共10分） 1．与“常、胖、剑”不是一类的是（） A．吊 B．畔 C．到 2．下列成语正确的是（） A．一脉相成 B．按部就班 C．带罪立功 3．“六六三十六”最多可以有几种理解（） A．1 B．3 C．5 4．“红楼隔雨相望冷，珠箔飘灯独自归”，这句诗的作者是（） A．杜甫 B．李白 C．李商隐 5．王国维描述的三种学术境界最初的一种是（） A．衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人性悴。 B．昨使西风凋碧树、独上高楼、望尽天涯路。 C．众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处。 二、填空题（每空1分，共10分） 6．有一种江湖黑话，“布”用“摆故”表示，“普”用“排骨”表示，据此，“母”可以用两个字“”与“”来表示。 7．很多人的第一次骄傲是从戴上北大清华校徽开始的。 8．同是我这一个人，要写正经的文章就为了推敲出一个字出心肝，若写些所谓小品，我却是日试万言，可待。 9．研究学习调查分析保证 10．高端大气上档次，低调奢华，时尚亮丽，可爱乡村非主流。 三、将下段古文翻译成现代汉语（20分） 11．今王公夫人其所富其所贵皆王公大人骨肉之亲无故富贵面目美好者也今王公大人骨肉之亲无故富贵面目美好者焉故必知哉若不知使治其国家则其国家之乱可得而知也今天下之士君子皆欲富贵而恶贫贱然女何为而得富贵而辟贫贱哉曰莫若为王公大人骨肉之亲无故富贵面目美好者王公大人骨肉之亲无故富贵面目美好者此非可学能者也使不知辩德行之厚若禹汤文武不加得也王公大人骨肉之亲躄喑聋瞽①暴为桀纣不加失也是故以赏不当贤罚不当暴……若此则饥者不得食寒者不得衣乱者不得治 ——选自《墨子·尚贤下》【注】①躄（bì），跛足。喑（yīn），哑巴。瞽（gǔ），瞎子。 四、指出下面古文的标点断句错误，并加以纠正。（每小题2分，共4分） 12．楚子之为令尹也，杀大司马薳，掩而取其室。在襄三十年。○薳，于委反。掩，於检反。及即位，夺薳居田。居，掩之族。言薳氏所以怨。 13．七月，郑子产为火故，大为社。注；为，治也。《释文》：为，火故，于伪反，下降为蒐同。
2017年高中自主招生模拟考试语文试题 一、积累与运用（35分） 1、阅读下面语段，完成（1）-（3）题。（7分） 吾弟尝以“计利当计天下利，求名应求万世名”自勉，倘能于吾弟手中成此伟业，必为举国尊敬，世人推祟，功在国家，名留青史。所谓“罪人”之说，实相bèimiǜ（），局促东yú（），终非久计。明若吾弟，自当了燃。如迁延不决，或委之异日，不仅徒生困扰，吾弟亦将难辞其咎 ．．．．。 （3分）①实相bèimiǜ（）②局促东yú（）。⑴根据拼音写汉字。 ⑵给“难辞其咎 ．．．．”注音：（2分） ⑶文中有两个错别字，请找出并加以改正。（2分）改改 2、下列句中标点符号使用正确的一项是（）（2分） A．法国思想家帕斯卡有一句名言：“人是一支有思想的芦苇”。 B．3月12日，四、五百中小学生参加义务植树活动。 C．花朵儿一串挨着一串，一朵接着一朵，彼此推着挤着，好不活泼热闹！ D．新中国的历史上无法抹去这些名字：焦裕禄、王进喜、吴吉昌、杨立伟……等。 3．诗文默写。（10分） （1）却君王天下事，。 。 ⑷潭中鱼可百许头，。日光下澈，影布石上，，，，似与游者相乐。（5）等到快日落的时候，，， 。就是下小雪吧，济南是受不住大雪的，那些小山太秀气！ 4、综合性学习(8分) 汉字是文化的载体，但在电脑日益普及的今天，人们用笔写字的时间却越来越少，一些人的字越写越不规范。为了帮助学生从小养成良好的写字习惯，学校组织学生进行“写好规范字从我做起”综合实践活动，以提高学生的书写水平。请你完成下列任务。 （1）请根据下面材料所提供的信息，概括表明汉字书写很重要的两点理由。（2分）【链接材料】汉字和中医、京剧等，被誉为中国的国粹，中学生应该下功夫写好汉字。首先，从写好规范字做起，字写出来，既要正确端正，又要清楚整洁。其次，在规范书写的基础上，做到熟练、美观。在多数人习惯于电脑打字的今天，人们对毛笔、墨汁、砚台等传统书写工具的了解越来越少，能用毛笔熟练书写汉字的人就更是凤毛麟角了。因此，有些书法专家不无忧虑地说，“长此以往，我们的国粹——汉字书法就会被荒废掉。”所以，一个中国人，不会写汉字，写不好汉字，是人生的一大遗憾。 有关研究还表明：写好汉字对于调节人的心情有重大作用。在专心致志书写的过程中，人往往会忘却心中的烦恼；还会因专心于字的比划、结构、走势，而有一种怡然自得的感觉。因此，坚持书法练习，可以使人在专注的书写过程中，感受到无限乐趣。 ⑵.请你从下面材料中概括出写好汉字的三个理由。（每个理由用四个字回答）（3分） 汉字是最基本、最深厚的一种文化传播载体，写好字是中华民族的优良传统。俗话说：见字如见人。日本元首田中角荣，早先参加招聘时，就因为所填表格中的内容字迹整洁，风格清俊，颇有中国书法的古风，在近千份履历表中，格外突出，被选为公司职员，日后不断发展，成为国家元首。可现在随着电脑的广泛应用，越来越多的人已经书写不出美观大方的方块字，还经常提笔忘字。一个人从小学到大学大约有16年的时间，这期间都离不开写字，汉字在学生学习期间发挥着极特殊的作用。
学校自主招生选拔考试英语试题 一、单项选择(共10分，每小题 1 分) ()1. —Is Mary in the classroom -No. She _________ to the library. B.has gone C. had gone D. would go ( ) don 't be so impolite to the young man. --Sorry. I tried to make him know that I 'm not interested in him,but he never got the . B.news C. message D. Word ( )3 —Must I go to the shop with you ，Mum —Err... I can make it myself ，Mike. You go with me. 't 't 't 't ()4. —What are the workers doing there -- They're two islands with a bridge. B.building C. joining D. passing ()5. —Mr Smith, I ' m so sorry the traffic is too . --There is no excuse for your coming to school late. B.crowded C. heavy D. Quick ( )6 —Will the newly married couple come for dinner -- No, of them is free today. B.not all C. neither D. not both ()7. - What' s wrong
2010年“北约”自主招生数学试题及解答 1．（仅文科做）02 απ<<，求证：sin tan ααα<<． 【解析】 不妨设()sin f x x x =-，则(0)0f =，且当02x π<< 时，()1cos 0f x x '=->．于是()f x 在02 x π<<上单调增．∴()(0)0f x f >=．即有sin x x >． 同理可证()tan 0g x x x =->． (0)0g =，当02x π<<时，21()10cos g x x '=->．于是()g x 在02 x π<<上单调增。 ∴在02 x π<< 上有()(0)0g x g >=。即tan x x >。 注记：也可用三角函数线的方法求解． 2．AB 为边长为1的正五边形边上的点．证明：AB （25分） 【解析】 以正五边形一条边上的中点为原点，此边所在的直线为x 轴，建立如图所示的平面 直角坐标系． ⑴当,A B 中有一点位于P 点时，知另一点位于1R 或者2R 时有最大值为1PR ；当有一点位于O 点时，1max AB OP PR =<； ⑵当,A B 均不在y 轴上时，知,A B 必在y 轴的异侧方可能取到最大值（否则取A 点关于y 轴的对称点A '，有AB A B '<）． 不妨设A 位于线段2OR 上（由正五边形的中心对称性，知这样的假设是 合理的），则使AB 最大的B 点必位于线段PQ 上． 且当B 从P 向Q 移动时，AB 先减小后增大，于是max AB AP AQ =或； 对于线段PQ 上任意一点B ，都有2BR BA ≥．于是 22max AB R P R Q == 由⑴，⑵知2max AB R P =．不妨设为x ． 下面研究正五边形对角线的长． I H G F E 1 111x x-1
物理试题 注意事项： 1．请在密封线内填写所在市、县、学校、姓名和考号 2．答案做在答题卷上，用蓝色或黑色钢笔、圆珠笔书写 3．本试卷共有四个大题，满分120分 4．考试时间： 90分钟 5．g取 10N/Kg 一、选择题（每小题4分，共40分。在下列1～10小题中，每题只有一个选项正确。） 1.下列说法正确的是 A. 胸透机所使用的电磁波频率比雷达用的电磁波高 B. 验钞机工作时会发出紫光，说明紫外线是紫色的 C. 无线电波在真空中的传播速度比可见光快 D. 用收音机收听96.2MHz频道的广播，会听到频率为96.2MHz的声音 2.正常人的眼睛在水中看物体会一片模糊，因为光从空气射人眼睛折射程度大，而光从水中射入眼睛折射程度就明显减小。关于在水中看清物体，有下列说法：①高度远视的人在水中裸眼看物体更清晰；②高度近视的人在水中裸眼看物体更清晰；③正常人在水中应戴高度老花眼镜；④正常人在水中应戴高度近视眼镜。其中正确的是 A. ①③ B. ②④ C. ①④ D. ②③ 3. 如图所示，物体A放在粗糙水平面上，左边用一根轻弹簧和竖直墙相连，静止时弹簧的长度大于原长。若再用一个从零开始逐渐增大的水平力F向右拉A，直到把A拉动，在A被拉动之前的过程中，弹簧对A的弹力F大小和地面对A的摩擦力f大小的变化情况是A. F保持不变，f始终减小 B. F保持不变，f先减小后增大 C. F始终增大，f始终减小 D. F先不变后增大，f先减小后增大 4.把甲、乙两个质量、温度都相同的金属块，分别放入到质量、温度都相同的一杯水和一杯油中，热平衡后得到油的温度降低了5℃，水的温度降低了10℃，只有甲金属块与水、乙金属块与油之间发生了热传递，而水的比热大于油的比热，则甲金属比热与乙金属比热的比值为 A. 等于2 B. 大于2 C. 小于2 D. 以上都有可能 5.水平桌面上有甲、乙、丙三个完全相同的容器，装有不同的液体，将三个长方体A、B、C分别放入容器的液体中，静止时的位置如图所示，三个容器的液面相平。已知三个长方
北京大学历年自主招生试题及答案 2011年北大等13所高校自主招生选拔考试 语文试题及参考答案 一、选择正确的或者最好的表达形式（10分） 1、为维护语言的纯洁，禁止在广告中用谐音字______成语。 A篡改 B窜改 C纂改 2、大家推举在学界______的朱德熙先生担任学会主席。 A深负众望 B不负众望 C深孚众望 3、只要有诚心，再厚的冰也会______。 A融化 B熔化 C溶化 4、棋摊摊主卖个破绽，引路人______，骗取钱财。 A入网 B入瓮 C入彀 5、所有机票代售点，一律不得向旅客收取或______收取手续费。 A变向 B变相 C变项 6、当时正值三年自然灾害，______尚有困难，有谁操心可有可无的戏班子的存亡。 A裹腹 B裹肤 C果腹 7、政府领导作为人们的公仆，要______都关心群众的疾苦。 A不时不刻 B时时刻刻 C无时无刻 8、我国的农业生产取得了举世______的伟大成就，首先应归功于改革开放的政策。 A瞩目 B侧目 C注目 9、中国队20号前锋一脚远射，令对方门将______，皮球正入网中。 A措不及防 B猝手及防 C猝不及防
10、把这些数据放在一起，就能看出______来。 A端倪 B端睨 C端眤 二、文言文阅读（10分） 州郡遇圣节锡宴，率命猥妓数十群舞于庭，作“天下太平”字，殊为不经。而唐《乐府杂录》云：“舞有字，以舞人亚身于地，布成字也。”王建《宫词》云：“罗衫叶叶绣重重，金凤银鹅各一丛。每遇舞头分两向，太平万岁字当中。”则此事由来久矣。（周密《齐东野语》） 1、文中所叙是一种什么景象？周密对此有何看法？ 2、结合现实生活中所见，谈谈你对类似现象的看法。 三、将下段古文翻译为现代汉语（20分） 古者先王尽力于亲民加事于明法彼法明则忠臣劝罚必则邪臣止忠劝邪止而地广主尊者秦是也群臣朋党比周以隐正道、行私曲而地削主卑者山东是也乱弱者亡，人之性也治强者王古之道也越王勾践恃大朋之龟与吴战而不胜身臣入宦于吴反国弃龟明法亲民以报吴则夫差为擒故恃鬼神者慢于法恃诸侯者危其国（《韩非子·饰邪》） 四、现代文阅读（20分） 不久前我在鄯善迪坎儿村，见一大棵梭梭树长在路旁。我从小认识梭梭，见了亲切的很，就像看见一个亲人站在那儿。我对这个村庄也一下有了兴趣。一棵本来只能当烧柴的梭梭，在村里枝条完好地长了这么多年，一直长到老，谁在护着它呢。迪坎儿村紧挨沙漠，走进一户人家，门前一渠沟水流，葡萄藤蔓覆盖了整个院落。转到屋后，发现后墙已经被流沙淹埋掉大半，沙漠从这户人家的后墙根，一望无际地远去，没有一点绿色。 我生活的新疆地域辽阔，大块地存有一些自然风光，除了几个国家级的野生动物保护区，在相对疏松的村镇之间，连绵的农田间隙，还有幸能看到荒野草原、沙漠戈壁，这些暂时没被人侵占的地方，长野草野树，或寸草不生，任风沙吹刮。不像内地中原，城市村庄紧凑相连，农田密布，整个大地住满人长满人吃的粮食，没有一块闲地供野草生长，更别说有野生动物了。自然退居到偏远边疆和那些不易人居的荒芜山岭。城市的野生动物只剩下苍蝇和老鼠，乡下也差不多。
2017年自主招生考试英语试题及答案（初中升高中） 英语试卷 知识运用（共27分） 单项填空（共15分，每小题1分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处最佳选项。 21. I'm talking to you, Jack. Please listen to ______ carefully. A. me B. mine C. you D. yours 22. Both my parents were born ______ 1970. A. at B. in C. on D. to 23. Hurry up, ______ you will miss the plane. A. and B. but C. so D. or 24. --- ______ do you play football? --- Once a week. A. How much B. How long C. How often D. How far 25. We have a lovely room. It's one of ______ in the hotel. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest 26. --- Can you ride a horse? --- No, I ______. A. needn't B. may not C. can't D. mustn't 27. I knocked on the door but ______ answered. A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody 28. Paul and I ______ tennis yesterday. He did much better than I. A. play B. will play C. played D. are playing 29. Where's Tom? His mother ______ him now. A. is looking for B. will look for C. has looked for D. looks for 30. --- Excuse me, could you tell me how ______ to Beijing Zoo? --- Well, you may take Bus No.27. A. get B. gets C. getting D. to get