英语复合句对比练习
1.
(1)Is this the research center ___ you visited the modern equipment last year?
(2)Is this research center ___ you visited the modern equipment last year?
A. what
B. that
C. where
D. the one
2.
(1)Is this museum ____ they visited last month?
(2)Is this the museum ____ they visited last month?
(3)Is that museum _____ we went last year?
A. that
B. where
C. in which
D. the one
3.
(1)____ knows the truth will tell you about it, I think.
A. Who
B. That
C. No matter who
(2)Don’t trust him, ___ he says.
A. what
B. no matter what
C. whatever
D. B and C
4.
(1)Zhang Ming is taller than ___ in his class.
A. any students
B. anyone
C. any other student
D. others
(2)He studies English harder than ____ in his class.
A. any students
B. any boys
C. anyone
D. any girl
5.
(1)___ care for nobody but himself will never get along well with the others.
A. That
B. These
D. Who
(2)___ fails to finish the task given should be criticized.
A. Any one who
B. Anyone who
C. Anyone which
D. Any one
6.
(1)It was not _____ that the police arrived and caught the thief.
(2)The book will be printed ____.
A. before long
B. before
C. long before
D. long
7.
(1)___, we all went to the park.
(2)___, and we all went to the park.
A. Being a fine day
B. Because the fine day
C. It was a fine day
D. It being a fine day
8.
(1)___ what the schoolmaster said, the girl’s face turned red.
(2)__ what the schoolmaster said, she was encouraged.
A. After she heard
B. After hearing
C. To hear
D. To be heard
9.
(1)I’ll do whatever I can ___ my English.
A. improve
B. to improve
C. improving
D. to improving
(2)He said he could ____ me with my English.
A. to help
B. helping
C. have helped
D. help
10.
(1)Is this the factory _____ you worked three years ago?
(2)Is this factory _____ you worked three years ago?
(3)This is the factory ___ we visited last year.
(4)This is the factory ___ my father is working at.
A. where
B. which
C. the one where
D. in which
(4)This is the factory ____ produced color TV sets.
(5)This is the factory __ color TV. sets are produced.
A. where
B. /
C. that
D. which
11.
(1)They have invited us to visit their country, ____ is very kind of them.
(2)They have invited us to visit their country. ____ is very kind of them.
A. That
B. It
C. Which
D. What
12.
(1)He insisted that I ___ with him.
B. go
C. would go
D. going
(2)She insisted that she ____ correct.
A. should be
B. be
C. was
D. were
13.
(1)As your spoken English improves, ___ your written English.
(2)He likes playing football, ____ his brother.
A. so will
B. so does
C. does so
D. will so
14.
(1)I will never forget the days ___ we spent together in the country.
(2)I will never forget the days ____ we worked together in the country.
A. on which
B. where
D. when
15.
(1)The more we work for country, ___ we will feel.
A. happier
B. the happier
C. to more happier
D. the more happily
(2)The more words you know, ___ you can read.
A. the more easier
B. the easier
C. the easily
D. the more easily
16.
(1)This is one of the best films that ___ greatly ___ us.
(2)This is the one of the best films that ___ greatly ___ us.
A. is…encouraged
B. has…encouraged
C. are…encouraged
D. have…encouraged
17.
(1)___ you need more practice is clear.
(2)___ we need is more time.
A. What
B. When
C. Which
D. That
18.
(1)_____, she knows a lot of things.
A. So young the girl is
B. Young as the girl is
C. Young so the girl is
D. As young the girl is
(2)____, she isn’t fit for the job.
A. As the girl is too young
B. Too young as the girl is
C. As a young girl
D. So young the girl is
19.
(1)Do you know ____ John is getting on well with his studies?
(2)Do you know ____ John is getting on with his studies?
A. how
B. with
C. what
D. that
20.
(1)I have never seen such a clever man ____ he.
(2)He made such an excellent speech ____ everyone respected him.
A. like
B. as
C. that
D. and
21.
(1)When I stopped thinking, I found ____ in the classroom.
A. me seated
B. me sitting
C. myself sat
D. myself seated
(2)When I entered the room, I found a little baby ____ on the table.
A. sat
B. sitting
C. seating
D. seating himself
22.
(1)She is ___ good a teacher that we all like her.
(2)She is ____ good teacher that we all like her.
A. so
B. such
C. such a
D. quite a
23.
(1)If it ___ tomorrow, I won’t go out seeing.
A. rains
B. will rain
C. is going to rain
D. is raing
(2)If you ___ me, I will give you some advice.
A. listen to
B. will listen to
C. listen
D. are listening
24.
(1)This kind of fruit is ___ sugar and water.
(2)What interested you __ at the exhibition is the iceboat.
A. mostly
B. best
C. most
D. almost
25.
(1)It was such a good film ___ I saw it yesterday.
(2)Don’t talk about such things __ you don’t understand.
A. which
B. that
C. as to
D. as
26.
(1)I ____ that he work out the problem himself.
(2)I ___you will write me back soon.
A. hope
B. expect
C. insist
D. wish
27.
(1)The population of China is larger than ___ of the United States.
A. this
B. that
C. these
D. those
A. not ;one
B. more ; that
C. less ; one
D. no more ; the room
28.
(1)I usually go to office by bicycle ___ it rains.
A. except
B. except when
C. except for
D. except that
29.
(1)I wrote him a letter and suggested ___ the meeting ____.
A. to put / away
B. to put / off
C. putting / off
D. putting / away
(2)The suggesting that John ___ at once is very good.
A. should start
B. must start
C. started
D. starts
30.
(1)I would rather you ___ tomorrow.
C. came
(2)Rather than ___ the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price.
A. allow
B. to allow
C. allowing
D. allowed
31.
(1)I want to buy the same car ___I lost last week.
(2)I saw him driving the same car ___I lost last week. So I told a policeman about it.
(3)I want to buy the same car ___I sat last week.
A. that
B. as
C. which
D. where
32.
(1)Is this the house ___they built last year？
(2)Is this house ___they built last year？
(3)Is this house ___ they lived last year?
(4)Is this the house ___they lived in last year?
(5)Is this the house ___they lived last year?
A. the one
B. which
C. where
D. on which
33.
(1)We live in the room, ___window faces the north.
(2)We live in the room, ___ faces the north.
(3)We live in the room, ___faces the north.
A. which
B. whose
C. of which
D. the window of which
34.
(1)Is this the park ___ you paid a visit to last year?
(2)Is this the park ___ you paid a visit last year?
A. what
B. that
C. where
D. which
35.
(1)He bought us many books, neither of ___is liked by us all.
(2)He bought us many books, and neither of ___is liked by us all.
(3)He bought us many books, ___of which is liked by us all.
A. them
B. that
C. which
D. neither
36.
(1)There are many people, some of ___are students.
(2)There are many people. Some of ___are students.
(3)There are many people, and some of ___are students.
A. that
B. which
C. whom
D. them
37.
(1) ___is known to us all is that the earth goes around the sun.
(2)___is known to us all that the earth goes around the sun.
(3)___is known to us all, the earth goes around sun.
A. Which
B. It
C. As
D. What
38.
(1)We still rember the first film, ___was about a woman doctor.
(2)We still rember the first film ___ was about a woman doctor.
A. that
B. whom
C. which
D.不填
39.
(1)The town ___the train is moving is my hometown.
(2)The town ___the train is going to stop is my hometown.
A. where
B. towards which
C. which
D. that
40.
(1)Is this the place ___ Lenin once lived?
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
(2)That is the reason ___ he gave us for carrying out the plan.
A. because
B. why
C. when
D. which
41.
(1)____ he was badly ill that the enemy set him free.
(2)____ he was badly ill did the enemy set him free.
A. Until
B. Not until
C. It was until
D. It was not until
42.
(1)He is no longer ___he used to be.
(2)He is no longer the man ___he used to be.
A. whom
B. that
C. who
D. what
43.
(1)Please put the book ___it belongs.
(2)This is the school ___he belongs.
A. to which
B. which
C. where
D. whose
44.
(1)Is this the day___ you visited the modern equipment last year?
(2)Is this the day ___ you spent together last year?
(3)Is this day ___ you spent together last year?
(4)Is this the day____ you stayed in Beijing last year?
A. what
B. that
C. when
D. which
(1)That was the mysterious something ___they worked so hard to find out.
(2)That was something ___they worked so hard to find out.
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. as
46.
(1)Was it on October 1,1949 ___the People’s Republic of China was founded？
(2)Was it October 1,1949 ___the People’s Republic of China was founded？
A. in which
B. on that
C. that
D. when
47.
(1)____ is well known to all, the earth is round.
(2)____ is well known to all that the earth is round.
A. That
B. with
C. It
D. As
(1)It was midnight ___ he returned home.
(2)It was at midnight ___ he returned home.
A. when
B. that
C. before
D. since
49.
(1)A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, most of ___ women.
(2)A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, and most of ___ women.
(3)A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, most of ___are women.
A. them
B. them are
C. whom
D. that
50.
(1)___ hard he works, he won’t succeed.
(2)Hard___ he works, he won’t succeed.
(3)___ he works hard, he won’t succeed.
高中英语简单句并列句复合句练习题 选择填空：1. I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer，___ A. do I B. don’t I C. will they D. won’t they 2. ___help if you can，and our country will improve more quickly and better. A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give 3. —— Lucy，you wash the dishes，___ —— Mom，can’t Lily do it It’s her turn to do it. A. don’t you B. can you C. shall you D. will you 4. —— I will not take an umbrella with me today. — _____it rains later on in the day A. How B. What C. How about D. What if 5. —— You ought to stay up late tonight，____ you ——Yes. I’ve got too much homework. A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t 6. Nothing can stop us from serving the people heart and soul，____ A. can it B. can’t it C. can they D. can’t they 7. There used to be a church in the small town，_____ A. used there B. usedn’t there C. used it D. usedn’t it 8. ——She isn’t your neighbour，is she —— _______. A. Yes，she isn’t B. No，she is C. Yes，she is D. No，isn’t she 9. —— ______ to be a PLA soldier when I was young. —— And now you are. A. How I wanted B. How did I want C. What I wanted D. What did I want 10. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，____was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of that 11. After ten years，she changed a lot and looked different from___she used to be. A. that B. whom C. what D. who 12. ____is known to everyone，the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 13. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation___he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why 14. Information has been put forward___ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
高考英语新复合句知识点全集汇编附解析(3) 一、选择题 1．Even Amundsen was moved by Scott's death saying "Captain Scott left a record, for honesty, sincerity, for bravery, for everything _______makes a man". A．that B．which C．who D．不填 2．The anti-epidemic fight is like a time-limited race _______ all medical care personnel make every effort to people's lives. A．that B．when C．which D．where 3．We’re listed some of the most famous flowers have a special significance. A．what B．that C．where D．/ 4．_________ my heart still beats, I will go on working for the people. A．As soon as B．As far as C．As long as D．As much as 5．was needed at that time, she told me, was some good luck. A．That B．As C．It D．What 6．________ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes. A．Once B．If C．Although D．Because 7．____________ China has made advances in 5G technology, there is still a long way to go for its popularity. A．If B．Because C．Since D．While 8．The result of his experiment led to the conclusion______ ice will decrease when it melts. A．/B．what C．which D．that 9．Once _______ in the forest, we should remain ________ we are and wait for help. A．losing; there B．losing; where C．lost; there D．lost; where 10．Sales director is a position _______ communication ability is just as important as sales. A．which B．that C．when D．where 11．The course normally attracts 60 students per year, ______up to half are from Europe. A．in which B．for whom C．with which D．of whom 12．(2016·天津)The manager put forward a suggestion __________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. A．whether B．that C．which D．what 13．She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ________ allows them to communicate freely with each other. A．which B．where C．what D．who 14．He explained ______ for his father's birthday party. A．why was he late B．why is he late C．why he is late D．why he was late 15．With wonderful views of mountains and beaches,Lovers Point Park is________many people get married. A．where B．what C．which D．how
2009年高考名师手记之：英语篇（简单句、并列句和复合句） 一。考纲要求 考试大纲要求考生能正确判断句子的类型、分析句子结构、结合语境和句意选择适当的连接词语、判断主语和从句的正确语序、恰当选择主句和从句谓语动词的时态。 二。命题导向 高考对简单句、并列句和复合句的考查主要包括：句子的结构、连词的选择、从句与主句的谓语动词的时态、主语和从句的语序、一些习惯用语和特殊的句式应用。 三。复习要点 1.简单句、并列句和复合句 ① 句子种类两种分类法 按照句子的用途，英语的句子可分：陈述句(肯定、否定)、疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意)、祈使句、感叹句等四种。 按照句子的结构可分：简单句并列句和复合句三种。 简单句只有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语。并列句由并列连词and, but, or，so等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。复合句：含有一个或一个 以上从句的句子。复合句包含：状语从句\名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)和定语从句等三种。 ② 并列句的分类 并列句指把两个同等重要的句子连接在一起，句子之间常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等并列连词连接。 表示选择关系常用的连词有：or, either…or…, otherwise等 表示转折关系常用的连词有：but, still, however, yet, while, when等。
表示因果关系常用的连词有：so, for, therefore等。 2.状语从句： (1)状语从句的分类 状语从句通常修饰主句的动词或整个句子，由从属连词引导，从属连词在从句中不充当句子成分。根据状语从句所表达的不同意义和功能，可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较、方式等状语从句。 (2)连接状语从句的词语 时间状语从句：when, whenever每当……，after, before, as, as soon as, hardly/ scarcely...when..., no sooner...than.。.一……就……，while, till, until, since, once。名词词组the first time第一次，last time最后一次，every/each time每次，the next time下次，the next day第二天， the moment, the minute, the second, the instant 一……就……;副词immediately, instantly, directly等也可作连词使用。 原因状语从句：because, since, as, now that。 地点状语从句：where，wherever(无论那里)。 让步状语从句： no matter who/whom/what/which/how/when/where, though, although, as, even if /even though, whatever, whoever, however, wherever, whenever等。 条件状语从句： if, unless, as/so long as(如果;只要)，in case (万一); on condition that(如果)， suppose, supposing, providing, provide。 目的状语从句：in order that (为了)，so that (以便)。 比较状语从句：(not) as/so…as…，than…, the more…the more…(越……越……) 引导。 方式状语从句：as(正如;按照)，as if/as though (好像)引导。 结果状语从句： so that (结果是)，so/such…that (如此……以至于)。 (3)从句中的语序 复合句中通常采用陈述语序。但是，在下面的几种情况下，状语从句多采用倒装语序：
<<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》高中英语复合句练习 1.(1)Is this the research center ______ you visited the modern equipment last year? (2)Is this research center ______ you visited the modern equipment last year? A. what B. that C. where D. the one 2.(1)Is this museum _______ they visited last month? (2)Is this the museum ________ they visited last month? (3)Is that museum _________ we went last year? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 3.(1)________ knows the truth will tell you about it, I think. A. Who B. That C. No matter who D. Whoever (2)Don’t trust him, ______ he says. A. what B. no matter what C. whatever D. B and C 4.(1)Zhang Ming is taller than ______ in his class. A. any students B. anyone C. any other student D. others (2)He studies English harder than _______ in his class. A. any students B. any boys C. anyone D. any girl 5.(1)_____ care for nobody but himself will never get along well with the others. A. That B. These C. Those who D. Who (2)_____ fails to finish the task given should be criticized. A. Any one who B. Anyone who C. Anyone which D. Any one 6.(1)It was not _________ that the police arrived and caught the thief. (2)The book will be printed _______. A. before long B. before C. long before D. long 7.(1)_____, we all went to the park. (2)_____, and we all went to the park. A. Being a fine day B. Because the fine day C. It was a fine day D. It being a fine day 8.(1)______ what the schoolmaster said, the girl’s face turned red. (2)____ what the schoolmaster said, she was encouraged. A. After she heard B. After hearing C. To hear D. To be heard 9.(1)I’ll do whatever I can ______ my English. A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. to improving (2)He said he could _______ me with my English. A. to help B. helping C. have helped D. help 10.(1)Is this the factory __________ you worked three years ago? (2)Is this factory __________ you worked three years ago? (3)This is the factory ______ we visited last year. (4)This is the factory ______ my father is working at. A. where B. which C. the one where D. in which (4)This is the factory ________ produced color TV sets. (5)This is the factory __ __ color TV. sets are produced. A. where B. / C. that D. which
英语简单句、并列句、复合句解析 简单句、并列句和复合句 考点一简单句 1. 简单句只包含一个主谓结构. 2. 五种简单句: 1) 主+谓. He comes at last. 2) 主+系+表. She is a teacher. The soup tastes nice. 3) 主+谓+宾. They reached the village. 4) 主+谓+间宾+直宾.He gave me a pen. 5) 主+谓+宾+宾补.I find that book very useful. 考点二并列句 并列句：两个或两个以上的简单句，用连词连接起来。 常用的连接词有： 1. 表示顺承关系的：and, not only…but also（不仅….而且….）等。 She ______ gave us a lot of advice, _______helped us to overcome difficulties. Linda tried to become an excellentteacher, _____ at last she succeeded. 2. 表示选择关系和否定条件的有or（还是，否则） Do you want to leave now ____ would yourather set off later? Wear your coat, ____ you’ll catch a cold. 3. 表示转折关系的有but, yet等。 He is young, but he works hard.虽然他年轻，但工作努力。 4. 表示因果关系的有for, so 等。 My leg hurts so I go to see a doctor. 我的腿疼，因此我去看医生。 考点三主从复合句：宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的引导词 （1）引导陈述句用that(在口语和非正式文体中常常省略) He tells me (that ) he is going shopping thisSunday. (2) 引导一般疑问句用if或whether. She asked me if\ whether she could join us.(whether…or not) (3) 引导特殊疑问句，要用原来的特殊疑问词。 She asked them what they were doing. 2. 宾语从句的语序：要用陈述句语序。 I want to know when the train left. 3. 宾语从句的时态 （1）主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句可根据实际需要选用各种时态。He tells us that he has been able to lookafter himself. (2) 主句是过去时态，宾语从句应使用过去时的相应时态。 They said that they had already finished thework.
简单句和复合句练习题 1.（NMET2004）The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 2.（NMET2004）Roses need special care ______ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as 3.（2004 辽宁）The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year，80% _____are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 4.（NMET2003）A computer can only do ______ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when 5._____this company has done seems to be in agreement with what the government has called for. A. That B. How C. Whether D. What 6.Fortunitely we had a map，without ______we would have got lost. A. which B. it C. that D. what 7.The Great Wall is the last place ______Mr smith is going to visit before he leaves Beijing. A. where B. which C. / D. what 8.I shall never forget those years ______I lived in the country with the farmers，______ has a great effect on my life. A. that；which B. when；which C. which；that D. when；who 9.I don’t like the way ______ you speak to her. A. / B. in that C. which D. of which 10.She spent the whole evening talking about the things and the persons ______ none of us has ever heard of . A. which B. who C. whom D. that 11.I have bought such a watch ________ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it 12.Free film tickets will be sent to ______ are interested in the film. A. whomever B. whoever C. whatever D. whichever 13.The demand ______ the workers ask for higher wages seemed reasonable. A. what B. that C. which D. when 14.We won’t give up _______ we should fail ten times. A. even if B. since C. whether D. until 15.I remember _________ this used to be a quiet village. A. when B. how C. where D. what 16.—Do you remember ______ he came.？ ---Yes，I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 17.__________ she knows a lot of things. A. A child she is B. As she is a child C. Child as she is D. Child as is she 18.You can go out _______ you promise to be back before 12o’clock. A. so that B. as far as C. as long as D. in case 19.---Do the factory leaders meet every Monday morning？ ----Yes，______ there is nothing important to deal with. A. since B. if C. unless D. therefore 20.He lived in Paris for three months，during ______ time he learned some French. A. this B. that C. it D. which 21.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，_____ was very reasonable. A.which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
历年高考题的主从复合句 1._____, Carolina couldn’t get the door open. A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try 2.The American Civil War lasted for four years ______ the North won in the end. A. after B. before C. when D. then 3.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt_____a cure for AIDS will be found. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 4. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 5. Mary wrote an article on _____ the team had failed to win the game. A. why B. what C. who D. that 6.I have many friends, _______some are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 7.That was a splendid evening. It’s years ____ I enjoyed myself so much. A. when B. that C. before D. since 8.I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s ____ I have to wait. A. in case B. so that C. in order D. as if 9.The poor young man is ready to accept ______ help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever 10.Allow children the space to voice their opinions, ______ they are different from your own. A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though 11.The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him _____ I did. A. as much as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as far as 12.Danby left word with my secretary ______ he would call again in the afternoon. A. who B. that C. as D. which 13. __ _ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting. A. When B. After C. As D. Since 14.I walked in our garden, _______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. A. which B. when C. where D. that 15.Do you have any idea _____ is actually going on in the classroom? A. that B. what C. as D. which 16.There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, ______ she was an only child A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even though 17.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs_____ they are being trained. A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which 18.My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever, _______, he could neither eat nor sleep. A. as a result B. after all C. any way D. otherwise 19.Your u ncle seems to be a good driver,______,I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car. A. even so B. even though C. therefore D. so 20.The way he did it was different _______ we were used to. A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which 21.The place _______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ______ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which 22.Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process[过程] _______ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.
高中英语语法难点——并列句和主从复合句并列句基本概念： 并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词,只在两个简单句之间用一逗号或分号。2、常见的并列句： (1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…等,and 所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。(2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有or,otherwise,or else,either…or…等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but,yet,still ,however等,前后分句时态一致。(4) 说明原因, 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。(5) 表示结果,用连接词so, 前后分句时态一致。 主从复合句 1、概念： 主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。如：While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.(爷爷奶奶们很爱孩子,同时对他们也严格要求。) / It seemed as if the meeting would never end.(看起来会议没完没了。) / Hurry up, or (else) you’ll be late.(快点, 要不然就来不及了。) / However I cook eggs, the child still refuses to eat them.(不管我用什么方法煮鸡蛋,小孩还是不肯吃。) 2、分类： 从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。(参见以下各条) 3、各从句在句子中的位置以及用法： (1) 表语从句：在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后。例如：That is why he did not come to school yesterday. / It is because you are so clever. (2) 宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。①基本形式：(主句＋)连词+从句主语+从句谓语+... ②关于宾语从句连词的选择：若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略; 若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether; 若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等) 例如：They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机终将代替人类。) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster. (我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?) / He asked me where he could get such medicine. (他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。) (从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? ) ③宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时；如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。如：I think I will do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。) / The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round. (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。) ④下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待：be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that从句,如：I’m sorry I’m late. (对不起,我迟到了。) / I’m afraid he isn’t in at the moment. (恐怕他此刻不在家。) (3) 状语从句：在复合句中作状语,其位置可以在主句前或主句后。状语从句可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、比较、让步、条件等几种。状语从句由从属连接词引导。时间状语从句通常由when ,as ,while, after, before, since, as soon as ,since, till (until), while, whenever 等
高中英语语法通霸3. 句子结构和成分句子分类简单句、并列句和复合句 句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。 考点1.简单句 只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。如：He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. （画线部分为并列谓语，只有一个主语，仍为简单句。） 改错： It not only costs little money but also comfortable. 答案与解析：第一个谓语是实义动词，第二个是系表结构， 应带be，因此要在also前加is。 考点2.并列句（参看P.错误！未定义书签。错误！未找到 引用源。） 改错： ①.He likes English, his English is very good. × ②.His wife was ill, he had to stay at home. × 当一个句子中含有两个简单句时，就要考虑两个简单 句的连接问题了。直接用逗号连接两个简单句是错误的。 这时我们可以用and, but, or等并列连词来连接这两 个句子；也可以用分号（;）来连接。此时，这两个简单 句（此时也可称作分句）之间是并列关系，不能说一个分 句作了另一个分句的什么成分。 用并列连词或分号连接起来的句子是并列句。 上两句可以改为： ①.He likes English；his English is very good. (用分号连接) He likes English, so/and his English is very good. ②.His wife was ill; he had to stay at home. (用分号连接) His wife was ill, so/and he had to stay at home. 考点3.复合句 A.用从属连词连接的句子是复合句。 还先看上面的两个错句： ①.He likes English, his English is very good.× ②.His wife was ill, he had to stay at home. × 我们还可以用从属连词来连接。这两句话可改为：①.Because he likes English, his English is very good. When he likes English, his English is very good. ②.Because his wife was ill, he had to stay at home. When his wife was ill, he had to stay at home. 先看第一个句子。当用because连接时，译为“因为他喜欢英语，（所以）他的英语非常好”。主要说的是“他的英语非常好”，“他喜欢英语”是他英语好的原因。因此：“his English is very good”是主句，“because he likes English”是原因状语从句。QQ329950885 当用when连接时，译为“当他喜欢英语时，他的英语非常好”。主要说的是“他的英语非常好”，“他喜欢英语”是他英语好的时间。因此，“his English is very good”是主句，“when he likes English”是时间状语从句。 同理，句②修改后，前面分别为原因状语从句和时间状语从句，后面是主句。 像上面这样，用从属连词连接两个简单句之后，一个句子是主要的（主句），另外一个句子（从句）是说明主要句子发生的时间、原因、条件等，这样构成的句子称为复合句。 B.当简单句的一个成分从词或词组变为句子时，整个句 子就成为复合句了。从词或词组升级后的句子是从句，除从句以外的是主句，整个句子是复合句。 ①The boy over there is my brother. （只有一个主谓结构， 是简单句。） The boy who is wearing a hat is my brother. （当over there变为who is wearing a hat时，句子就含有两个主谓结构，一个是The boy is my brother，是主句； who is wearing a hat是the boy的定语，称为定语从句。 who既作从句成分，又起着从属连词的作用。） ②I was doing my homework at six. （只有一个主谓结构， 是简单句。） I was doing my homework when he came in. （I was doing my homework是一个主谓结构，he came in也是一个主谓结构。后面一个主谓结构作前一个的时间状语，是时间状语从句。因此本句是复合句，when 是从属连词。） ③It is wrong. （只有一个主谓结构，是简单句。） What he said is wrong. （what he said，是一个主谓结构。What he said is wrong. 是另外一个主谓结构，What he said作主语，is wrong 系表结构作谓语，因此，本句是复合句。What he said 是主语从句；what既作从句成分又起着从属连词的作用） 从上面这几个句子，我们可以看出：