翻译理论与技巧(A)试题集及答案

翻译理论与技巧（A）试题集及答案翻译理论与技巧(A)试题集及答案(红色为自己所出题)一 Fill in the blanks.1.According to sociosemiotic theories, meaning consists ofthree aspects: _________, ___________ and ____________ .2.As far as communicative function is concerned, Englishsentences can be classified into four types: ____________ ,___________ , _____________ and ___________ .3.Professor Xu Yuanzhong ever proposed that literarytranslation should conform to the princi ple of “____________, __________ and ___________”.4.The basic procedures of translation are made up of threesteps: __________, ___________ and ___________ .5.Peter Newmark divided the function of language into sixkinds, among which the most important four functions are ____________, ___________ , __________ and ___________ .6.“Literal translation” is based on-language-oriented principle, while “liberal translation” is based on -language-oriented principle.7.Translators often abide by -oriented principlewhen they translate literary works8.When we see the sun, we often think of hope. It’s themeaning of the sun we in fact think of.9.Yan Fu’s standard for good translation is , and .10.According to Peter Newmark, the expression “How do youdo” p erforms ___________ function.11.We should analyze , and before we really put somethinginto the target language.12.According to the structure, English sentences can beclassified into sentences, ___________ sentences, sentences and sentences.13.The three principles for translation advocated byAlexander Fraser Tytler are:①②③14.The sentence “The earth goes around the sun” performsthe function of language.15.When we hear somebody speaks ungrammatically, we know thathe is not well-educated. Here the language carries the meaning.16.According to the different signs that translation dealswith, translation can be classifiedinto , , .17.Translation can be regarded as a , aor a .18.According to different topics, translation can beclassified into translation, translation andtranslation.二Translating the following sentences into Chinese.1Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed healths.2The crafty enemy was ready to launch a new attack while holding out the olive branch.3Her dark eyes made little reflected stars. She was looking athim as she was always looking at him when he awakened.4The pictures that linger in his mind, called up in a moment by such sensationsas the smell of roses or of new-mown hay, are of a simpler nature.5 It’s not easy to become a member of that club—they want peoplewho haveplenty of money to spend, not just every Tom , Dick, and Harry.6 The door was unlocked. She went inside and sat in a stupor. Shewas near collapse, barely able to move her swollen feet.7 But my mother had not passed this way for years. And theslimness and the stride were long past, too.8 I was limp as a dish rag. My back felt as though it had been beatenwith wires.9 As you know, we operate in a highly competitive market in whichwe have been forced to cut our prices to the minimum.10 I sat with his wife in their living room, looking out the glassdoors to the backyards, and there was Allen’s pool, still coveredwith black plastic that had been stretched across it for winter.11 Time did not spoil the beauty of the walls, nor the palace itself,lying like a jewel in the hollow of a hand.12It is obvious that this was merely a case of robbing Peterto pay Paul. There was no real clearing up of the outstanding debt.13He doubtlessly expected hugs, tablefuls of food, tears, laughter, and conversation followed by more conversation, then hugs and morehugs all over again, without end.14There is nothing more disappointing to a hostess who has gone toa lot of trouble or expanse than to have her guest so interestedin talking politics or business with her husband that he fails to notice the flavour of the coffee, the lightness of the cake, or the attractiveness of the house, which may be her chief interest and pride.15English prose is elaborate rather than simple. It was not always so.16When I go around on speaking engagements, they all expect me to assume a Quaker-Oats look.17The door was unlocked. She went inside and sat in a stupor. She was near collapse, barely able to move her swollen feet.18“It is true that the enemey won the battle, but theirs is buta Pyrrhic victory.”said the General.19 A dirty-yellow sky had threatened rain all day and a hollowstillness hung over the valley.20I pulled up a chair and sat down. I sat with my legs wide apart at first. But this struck me as being irreverent and too familiar.So I put my knees together and let my hands rest loosely on them. 21One day, while out on the bleak moors, Pip is startled bya hulking, menacing man who threatens him if he does not bring him some food immediately.22Hygeia herself would have fallen sick under such a regimen; and how much more this poor old nervous victim 23Our Band-Aid approach to economic development must be changed. 24It would have been only courteous to kneel at the proper time, as all did, since I had voluntarily come to the church.25It develops an argument; it cites instances; it reaches a conclusion.26Father’s attitude toward anybody who wasn’t his kind used to puzzle me.27Several blocks from the park, running parallel to it, Clement Street bustles like a second Chinatown with dozens of ethnic restaurants.28We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.29She stopped listening. She felt as though she had been slapped to the extreme outer edge of life, into a cold darkness.30Nancy Reagan, and not George Gallup, may well have the final say. 31Mr. Kingsley and his Red Brick boys will have to look to their laurels.32The hungry boy was wolfing down his dinner.33I have a dream that my four little children will one day live ina nation where they will not be judged by the color of the skinbut by the content of their character.34The importance of oceanography as a key to the understanding of our planet is seldom as well appreciated.35I pulled up a chair and sat down. I sat with my legs wideapart at first. But this struck me as being irreverent and too familiar.So I put my knees together and let my hands rest loosely on them. 36There is a mixture of the tiger and ape in the character of the imperialists.37 A country that wishes to become a member of WTO is to send in itsapplication before a working party is formed by WTO for examination of the specific conditions of the country.38When prices range from $34,500 to $50,000 per car, evidence that these machines are more than a cut above the rest is essential. 39One of the most heartwarming aspects of people who are born witha facial disfigurement, whether minor or major, is the number ofthem who do not allow it to upset their lives, even reaching out to help others with the same problem.40The heavily laden infantry, though enjoying a superiority of six-to-one, simply could not keep to schedule and lost 60000 men in one day.41I have a cake in the o ven that I was making for the Senora’s dinner.42The world is scraping bottom in the deepest economic slump in a half-century.43Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress. 44Military strategy may bear some similarity to the chessboard but it is dangerous to carry the analogy too far.45Studies show that otherwise rational people act irrationally when forced to stand in line or wait in crowds, even becoming violent. 46Prolonged high unemployment willthreaten the current leadership in other capitals as well, and it could ignite violent upheavals in some of the most hard-pressed land.47Many advocated strong action to bring the Prime Minister into line.48He cannot wholly detach himself from the technicalities and personal inconveniences which accompany the battle for intelligence.49I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders.50Although the recession has reached every corner of the planet, the impact is uneven.51I think lawyers mistakenly believe complex language enhances the mystique of the law.52Not long ago, a foreign visitor whose English is extremely good told me of his embarrassment in a tea shop.53Meanwhile individual schools are moving on their own to redress the imbalance between teaching and research.54We have created a faculty of scholars frequently so narrow in their studies and specialized in their scholarship they are simply incapable of teaching introductory courses.55Then the players find out the lottery is not particularly good bet and they find other forms of gambling.56The English language is in very good shape. It is changing in its own undiscoverable way, but it is not going rotten like a plum dropping off a tree.57There has always been a close cultural link, or tie between Britain and English-speaking America, not only in literature but also in the popular arts, especially music.58We must just make the best of things as they come along.59But once I made the decision, I went at it with all flags flying.60 Autumn’s mellow hand was upon the woods, as they owned already,touched with gold and red and olive.三 Translate the following passage into Chinese.1Be very wary of opinions that flatter your self-esteem.Both men and women, nine times out of ten, are firmly convinced of the superior excellence of their own sex. There is abundant evidence on both sides. If you are a man, you can point out that most poets and men of science are male; if you are a woman, you can retort that so are most criminals. The question is inherently insoluble, but self-esteem conceals this from most people. We are all, whatever part of the world we come from, persuaded that our own nation is superior to all others. Seeing that each nation has its characteristic merits and demerits, we adjust our standard of values so as to make out that the merits possessed by our nation are the really important ones, while its demerits are comparatively trivial. Here, again, the rational man will admit that the question is one to which there is no demonstrably right answer. It is more difficult to deal with the self-esteem of man as man, because we cannot argue out the matter with some non-human mind. The only wayI know of dealing with this general human conceit is to remindourselves that man is a brief episode in the life of a small planet in a little corner of the universe, and that for aught we know, other parts of the cosmos may contain beings as superior to ourselves as we are to jelly-fish.2 Reading is fun, not because the writer is telling yousomething, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author’s or even goes beyond his.Your experience, compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions, and your ideas develop as you understand his.Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house, but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separate, together they all add up to something; they are connected with each other and with other cities. The same ideas, or related ones, turn up in different places; the human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literature, but with different solutions according to different writings at different times.Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you “ought ” to read, you probably won’t have fun. But if you put down a book you don’t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time—and if you become as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you won’t have suffered during the process.3 It is well that the commonest fruit should be also the best. Of the virtues of the orange I have not room fully to speak. It has properties of health giving, as that it cures influenza and establishes the complexion. It is clean, for whoever handles it on its way to your table, but handles its outer covering, its top coat, which is left in the hall. It is round, and forms an excellent substitute with the young for a cricket ball. The pip can be flicked at your enemies, and quite a small piece of peel makes a slide foran old gentleman.But all this would count nothing had not the orange such delightful qualities of taste. I dare not let myself go upon this subject. I am a slave to its sweetness. I grudge every marriage in that it means a fresh supply of orange blossom, the promise of so much golden fruit cut short. However, the world must go on.With the orange we do live year in and year out. That speaks well for the orange. The fact is that there is an honeaty about the orange which appeals to all of us. If it is going to be bad—for the best of us are bad sometimes—it begins to be bad from the outside, not from the inside. How many a pear which presents a blooming face to the world is rotten at the core. How many an innocent-looking apple is harbouring a worm in the bud. But the orange has no secret faults. Its outside is a mirror of its inside, and if you are quick you can tell the shopman so before he slips it into the bag.4 It is odd to watch with what feverish ardor the Americans pursue prosperity and how they are ever tormented by the shadowy suspicion that they may not have chosen the shortest route to get it.Americans cleave to the things of this world as if assured that they will never die, and yet are in such a rush to snatch any that come within their reach, as if expecting to stop living before they。

翻译知识试题及答案高中一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪项不是翻译中的常见问题？A. 语言风格不匹配B. 文化差异C. 语法结构错误D. 过度使用直译2. “四书五经”中的“四书”指的是以下哪四本书？A. 《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《易经》B. 《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》C. 《春秋》、《左传》、《国语》、《战国策》D. 《道德经》、《庄子》、《列子》、《韩非子》3. 翻译中“忠实”的原则要求译者做到以下哪点？A. 完全按照原文逐字逐句翻译B. 保持原文意思和风格C. 可以对原文进行适当的删减D. 可以根据自己的理解改变原文内容4. 在翻译过程中，如何处理专有名词？A. 直接音译B. 根据目标语言的习惯进行翻译C. 保留原文不变D. 可以创造新的词汇5. 下列哪项不属于翻译技巧？A. 增译B. 省略C. 转换D. 猜测6. “信、达、雅”是翻译的哪三个基本原则？A. 准确性、流畅性、优雅性B. 真实性、可达性、艺术性C. 信任度、传递性、雅致性D. 信仰、达到、优雅7. 在翻译中，“文化适应”是指什么？A. 将原文中的文化元素完全替换为目标文化中的元素B. 保留原文中的文化元素，不做任何改动C. 对原文中的文化元素进行适当的调整，以适应目标文化D. 忽略原文中的文化元素8. “直译”和“意译”的主要区别是什么？A. 直译更注重形式，意译更注重内容B. 直译更准确，意译更流畅C. 直译是逐字翻译，意译是逐句翻译D. 直译是机器翻译，意译是人工翻译9. 在翻译中，如何处理原文中的双关语？A. 保留双关，寻找对应目标语言的双关语B. 忽略双关，直接翻译字面意思C. 将双关语转换为同义的单关语D. 以上都不是10. 下列哪项不是翻译中常见的错误？A. 错别字B. 词不达意C. 语法混乱D. 适当的文化适应答案：1. D2. B3. B4. C5. D6. A7. C8. A9. A 10. D二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 翻译的过程通常包括理解、_______和表达三个阶段。

大学生翻译考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. 翻译理论中的“dynamic equivalence”是由哪位翻译家提出的？A. NidaB. TouryC. SkoposD. Venuti答案：A2. 下列哪项不是翻译过程中需要考虑的因素？A. 语言风格B. 文化差异C. 个人偏好D. 目标语言的语法规则答案：C3. 在翻译中，“忠实”通常指的是对原文的什么忠实？A. 内容B. 形式C. 风格D. 所有以上答案：D4. “Foreignization”和“domestication”是翻译策略中的哪两个概念？A. 文化适应B. 语言转换C. 读者导向D. 作者导向答案：A5. 下列哪个不是翻译技巧？A. 直译B. 意译C. 机器翻译D. 归化答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共10分）6. 翻译活动通常包括三个步骤：理解、_________、表达。

答案：转换7. 在翻译中，处理专有名词时，通常采用_________的策略。

答案：音译或保留原文8. 翻译的标准之一是“信、达、雅”，其中“雅”指的是译文的_________。

答案：文采或风格9. 翻译理论中的“功能主义”是由德国翻译学者_________提出的。

答案：Katharina Reiss10. 在翻译实践中，处理习语和谚语时，可以采用_________的方法。

答案：文化补偿三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）11. 简述翻译中的“直译”与“意译”的区别。

答案：直译是指尽可能忠实于原文的字面意思，逐字逐句地翻译，保持原文的结构和词汇。

意译则更注重传达原文的意图、情感和语境，允许译者在不改变原文意思的前提下，根据目标语言的习惯进行适当的调整和改写。

12. 描述翻译中的“归化”策略，并给出一个例子。

答案：归化是一种翻译策略，它将原文中的文化元素转换为目标语言文化中的对应元素，使译文更易于目标语言读者的理解和接受。

例如，将中文的“龙”翻译为英文的“dragon”时，可能需要解释其在中国文化中的吉祥含义，因为“dragon”在西方文化中通常带有负面含义。

高二年级英语写作与翻译技巧提升题50题1. In the process of learning, we should ______ every opportunity to practice our English.A. seizeB. catchC. holdD. grasp答案：A。

解析：seize表示抓住机会等，强调突然用力抓住、把握。

catch主要表示接住、抓住具体的东西，比如接住球，在此处表示抓住机会不恰当。

hold表示握住、拿着，更多侧重于保持某个动作的持续，不用于表示抓住机会。

grasp有理解、领会和抓住的意思，但seize更强调及时抓住机会，所以A更合适。

2. The cultural ______ between the East and the West is really fascinating.A. differenceB. distinctionC. varietyD. deviation答案：A。

解析：difference表示差异、不同之处，用于描述东西方文化之间的不同是很合适的。

distinction更多侧重于有显著特征的区别、差别，这里只是说文化不同，用difference更简洁。

variety表示多样性，不能准确表达文化之间的不同。

deviation表示偏离、偏差，不符合语境。

3. When writing an essay, we need to ______ relevant examples to support our ideas.A. citeB. quoteC. reciteD. excite答案：A。

解析：cite表示引用例子、证据等。

quote更多侧重于引用某人的话，这里是说引用例子，cite更合适。

recite表示背诵，与题意不符。

excite表示使兴奋，完全不符合语境。

4. His ______ for knowledge led him to study abroad.A. thirstB. hungerC. eagernessD. longing答案：A。

翻译概论期末试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共50分）1. 下列哪个选项最符合翻译的定义？A）将一种语言文字转换为另一种语言文字B）将一种语言口头表达转换为另一种语言口头表达 C）将一种语言文字转换为另一种语言口头表达D）将一种语言口头表达转换为另一种语言文字正确答案：A2. 以下哪个属于翻译过程中的“过程语言”？A）源语言B）目标语言C）中介语言D）工具语言正确答案：C3. 以下哪个属于翻译的“目的语”？A）源语言B）理解语言C）通信语言D）目标语言正确答案：D4. 文学翻译中，翻译者的主要任务是：A）保持原文的风格和意境B）译出目标语言读者能理解的内容C）将原文中的文化差异减少到最低D）使用逐字逐句翻译法正确答案：A5. 针对机器翻译的下列说法，哪个是正确的？ A）机器翻译可以替代人工翻译B）机器翻译永远不会出现错误C）机器翻译的翻译质量已经超过人工翻译 D）机器翻译需要人类的干预和修正正确答案：D二、简答题（共30分）1. 简述翻译的基本原则。

翻译的基本原则包括：忠实原文、流畅通顺、意义准确、意境传达和适应读者需求。

忠实原文原则指在翻译过程中，要尽量准确地传达源语言的原意，不添加、删减或曲解内容。

流畅通顺原则强调翻译的表达要符合目标语言的习惯用法和语法结构，使读者能够自然理解。

意义准确原则要求译文在传达原意的同时，要尽量减少歧义，并保持与原文相似的语义效果。

意境传达原则强调翻译要传达原作的文学和情感效果，使读者能够感受到与原文相似的艺术享受。

适应读者需求原则指翻译要符合目标读者的语言习惯、文化背景和阅读需求，使译文更具可读性和可接受性。

2. 请简述“功能对等”翻译理论。

“功能对等”翻译理论认为，在跨文化交际中，译者应根据目标语言的语言结构、文化背景和读者需求，通过调整和改变源语言表达形式，以达到与源语言相似的交际功能。

该理论主张翻译结果在目标语言中应呈现出与源语言相似的交际目的和效果，而不是简单地进行词语的替换或句法结构的转换。

【大型集团公司】招聘翻译岗位笔试题与参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题有10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1、下列哪个选项最能体现翻译中的等值原则？A.翻译时尽量保持原文的语言风格和文化特色不变B.翷译时要确保译文与原文在信息量上完全一致C.翻译时追求的是意义上的对等，而非字面意义上的逐字对应D.翻译时应尽可能地使用目标语言中的常见表达方式答案：C解析：翻译中的等值原则强调的是意义的传递而不是形式的一致性。

尽管保持原文的文化特色和语言风格是很重要的（选项A），而信息量的完整（选项B）以及使用目标语言的习惯表达（选项D）也是翻译过程中需要考虑的因素，但是等值原则的核心在于意义的准确传达，即意义上的对等。

2、在处理含有外来语的文本时，最合适的翻译策略是？A.直接音译，不考虑目标语言读者的理解难度B.使用括号或脚注来解释，并提供相应的意译或音译C.完全意译，忽略原文中的外来语D.替换为目标语言中相似含义的词汇，不保留外来语形式答案：B解析：在翻译过程中遇到外来语时，最佳的做法是在保留其音译的同时，通过括号或脚注等形式给予解释，这样既保留了原文的风味，又帮助了目标语言的读者理解。

直接音译（选项A）可能会造成理解障碍；完全意译（选项C）和替换为相似含义词汇（选项D）则可能丢失原文的文化信息。

3、题干：在翻译工作中，以下哪个术语指的是将源语言信息转换成目标语言信息的过程？A.翻译技巧B.翻译过程C.翻译策略D.翻译理论答案：B解析：选项B“翻译过程”指的是将源语言信息转换成目标语言信息的过程。

翻译技巧（A）指的是在翻译过程中使用的方法和技巧；翻译策略（C）是指翻译者在翻译过程中采取的策略和计划；翻译理论（D）则是关于翻译现象的理论体系。

4、题干：在以下翻译错误中，哪种情况属于“直译”错误？A.将“苹果”直译为“apple”B.将“红色”直译为“red”C.将“天上的星星”直译为“stars in the sky”D.将“时间就是金钱”直译为“time is money”答案：D解析：选项D“时间就是金钱”直译为“time is money”属于“直译”错误。

翻译技巧与实践智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下东北农业大学东北农业大学第一章测试1.（）认为翻译是两种语言的话语转换活动；侧重于语言单位字词句段落以及篇章的转换。

A:语言学派 B:社会符号学派 C:交际学派答案:语言学派2.翻译分类，从涉及到的语言符号来分类，翻译分为（）A:语际翻译 B:语内翻译 C:符际翻译答案:语际翻译;语内翻译;符际翻译3.英译汉属于符际翻译。

（）A:错 B:对答案:错4.小说改编成电影，就是文学符号转换成了影像符号的符际翻译。

（）A:错 B:对答案:对5.逆译是把本族语(Native Language)译为外族语(Foreign Language)。

（）A:对 B:错答案:对6.把汉语文本译为英语文本，对于以英语作为母语的英美人来说就是顺译。

（）A:对 B:错答案:对7.多用于外交会晤、学术研讨和参观游览等场合，要求译员趁谈话间隙把一段话语(Discourse)迅速而准确地通过口头翻译转达给听者属于（）。

A:笔译 B:机器翻译 C:口译答案:口译8.被郁达夫称之为“翻译界的金科玉律”，影响最大的翻译标准（）A:傅雷的“形似神似” B:钱钟书“化境” C:严复的“信、达、雅”答案:严复的“信、达、雅”9.翻译过程可分为（）A:实施阶段 B:准备阶段 C:校核阶段答案:实施阶段;准备阶段;校核阶段10.译者要具备（）能力。

A:语言水平 B:知识水平 C:翻译水平答案:语言水平;知识水平;翻译水平第二章测试1.Every life has its roses and thorns. 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。

划线的部分在翻译时采用了______ 的翻译方法（）。

A:词义的褒贬 B:词义的抽象化引申 C:词义的具体化引申 D:词义的选择答案:词义的抽象化引申2.I was not one to let my heart rule my head. 我不是那种让感情支配理智的人。

新编翻译理论考试题及答案翻译理论是语言学、文化学和交际学交叉领域的重要分支，它不仅涉及到语言的转换技巧，还涉及到文化差异的处理、翻译策略的选择以及翻译批评的标准等多个层面。

以下是一套新编的翻译理论考试题及答案，旨在帮助学习者更好地理解和掌握翻译理论的核心概念。

一、选择题1. 翻译理论中的“动态对等”是由哪位学者提出的？A. NidaB. SchleiermacherC. TouryD. Skopos理论答案：A2. 在翻译过程中，哪种策略更侧重于源语言的忠实度？A. 异化翻译B. 归化翻译C. 直译D. 意译答案：C3. 下列哪项不是翻译批评的基本原则？A. 客观性B. 主观性C. 系统性D. 历史性答案：B二、填空题4. 翻译的功能主义理论强调翻译应该以________为目标，即翻译应该基于目标语言读者的需求和期望。

答案：功能对等5. 翻译中的“文化空缺”是指目标语言文化中缺乏与源语言文化中________的对应物。

答案：相等或相似6. Skopos理论认为翻译的主要驱动力是翻译的________，即翻译行为的目的。

答案：目的（Skopos）三、简答题7. 简述翻译的“忠实度”与“可读性”之间的关系。

答案：翻译的忠实度指的是翻译作品对原文内容、风格和意图的忠实程度。

可读性则是指翻译作品在目标语言中的流畅度和易理解性。

两者之间存在一定的张力，过分追求忠实度可能会牺牲可读性，反之亦然。

优秀的翻译应该在忠实原文和保持可读性之间找到平衡。

8. 描述翻译中的“归化”和“异化”两种策略，并给出各自的优势和局限性。

答案：归化翻译策略是指将源语言文化中的元素转化为目标语言文化中的对应元素，以使翻译文本对目标语言读者更加熟悉和易于接受。

其优势在于增强了文本的可读性和接近性，局限性在于可能会丢失原文的某些文化特色和语境信息。

异化翻译策略则是保留源语言文化中的特色和语境，不强求与目标语言文化的完全对应。

其优势在于能够传递原文的独特文化气息和风格，局限性在于可能会增加目标语言读者的阅读难度，导致理解上的障碍。