常用工业英语翻译

公司企业名称翻译英语词汇大全公司企业名称翻译大全机电、机械、机床、电子Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Company 机电设备公司Supply and Sales Company of Mechanical and Electrical Industry 机电工业供销Mechanical Equipment Company 机械设备公司公司General Mechanical Industry Company 通用机械工业公司Agricultural Machinery Industry Company 农业机械工业公司Machine Tools Industry Company 机床工业公司Electrical Appliance Industry Company 电器工业公司Electric Fan Industry Company 电风扇工业公司Elevator Industry Company 电梯工业公司Electronics Industry Company 电子工业公司冶金、矿产、煤炭、燃料、化工、盐业、轻工Metallurgical Industry Company 冶金工业公司Non-ferrous Metals Industry Company 有色金属工业公司Minerals Industry Company 矿产工业公司Coal Mining Industry Company 煤矿工业公司Coal Industry Company 煤炭工业公司Gas Company 煤气公司Fuel Company 燃料公司Industrial Fuel Company 工业燃料公司Petroleum Company 石油公司Petroleum Processing Company 石油炼制公司Oil & Gas Exploration and Development Company 石油天然气勘探开发公司 Petroleum Engineering Construction Company 石油工程建设公司Chemical Industry Company 化工工业公司Raw Materials Company of Chemical Industry 化工原料公司Construction Company of Chemical Industry 化工建设公司Salt Company 盐业公司Light Industry Company 轻工业公司Supply and Sales Company of Light Industry 轻工供销公司Plastics Industry Company 塑料工业公司Leather Industry Company 皮革工业公司Bicycle Industry Company 自行车工业公司Clothing Industry Company 服装工业公司Sewing Machine Industry Company 缝纫机工业公司文艺、影视、展览、广告、美术、装潢Literature and Art Development Company 文艺发展公司Cultural Expansion Company 文化开拓公司Cultural Service Firm 文化服务公司Performing Company 演出公司Film Company 电影公司Film Service Firm 电影服务公司Broadcasting and Television Industry Company 广播电视工业公司AcousticsEngineering Company 音响工程公司Record Company 唱片公司Photography Industry Company 照相工业公司Exhibition Agency 展览公司Advertising Agency 广告公司Arts and Crafts Industry Company 工艺美术工业公司Art Design Firm 美术设计公司Art Decoration Firm 美术装潢公司Packaging Decoration Firm 包装装潢公司建筑、建材、房产、安装、装修、商业、日用品Building Engineering Company 建筑工程公司Building Foundation Company 建筑基础公司Civil Engineering Company 土木工程公司Garden Construction Engineering Company 园林建筑工程公司 Building Material Company 建筑材料公司Building Material Supply Company 建筑材料供应公司Building Material Trading Company 建材贸易公司Building Material Service Company 建筑材料服务公司New Building Material Company 新型建筑材料公司Real Estate Development Company 房地产开发公司Real Estate Agency 房产代理公司Industrial Equipment Installing Company 工业设备安装公司 InstallingCompany of Chemical Industry 化工安装公司Electrical Installing Company 机电安装公司Building Decoration Company 建筑装修(装饰)公司Building Decoration Engineering Company 建筑装修(装饰)工程公司Commercial Company 商业公司Collective Commercial Company 集体商业公司Overseas Chinese Commodities Supply Company 华侨商品供应公司 Daily-useSundry Goods Company 日用杂品公司Foodstuffs Company 食品公司Materials Company 物资公司Beverage Industry Company 饮料工业公司Frozen Foodstuffs Company 冷冻食品公司工厂 Plants, Works, Factories, Mills金属、机器、机床、动力、机械、造船、汽车Steel and Iron Works 钢铁厂Stainless Steel Plant 不锈钢厂Alloy Steel Plant 合金钢厂Metallurgical Refinery 冶炼厂Copper Material Factory 铜材厂Aluminum Material Factory 铅材厂Casting Factory 铸造 Non-ferrous Metals Processing Factory 有色金属加工厂厂Boiler Factory 锅炉厂Metallurgical Factory 冶金厂Machines Plant 机器厂Heavy Machines Plant 重型机器厂Machine Tools Plant 机床厂Diesel Engines Factory 柴油机厂Compressors Factory 压缩机厂Electrical Machinery Factory 电机厂Coolers Factory 冷冻机厂Machinery Plant 机构制造厂Shipping Machinery Plant 船舶机械厂General Machinery Plant 通用机械厂Crane Factory 起重机厂Tractor Factory 拖拉机厂Farm Tools Plant 农具厂Machinery Plant of Light Industry 轻工机械厂 Commercial Machinery Plant 商业机械厂Building Machinery Plant 建筑机械厂Engineering Machinery Plant 工程机械厂Washing Machinery Plant 洗涤机械厂Mining Machinery Plant 矿山机械厂Heavy Machinery Plant 重型机械厂Shipyard 造船厂Automobile Factory 汽车制造厂Passenger Automobile Factory 客车制造厂Automobile Repair Plant 汽车修理厂Automobile Service Factory 汽车维修厂公司 Corporations, Companies, Firms, Agencies外贸、贸易、投资、信托、保险、租赁、证券、工艺品进出口公司Native Produce & Animal By-products Import and Export Corporation 土产畜产进出口公司 Chemicals Import and Export Corporation 化工进出口公司Metals & Minerals Import and Export Corporation 五金矿产进出口公司Electronics Import and Export Corporation 电子技术进出口公司Electric Wire & Cable Export Corporation 电线电缆出口联营公司Publishing Industry Trading Corporation 出版对外贸易公司Packaging Import and Export Corporation 包装进出口公司Instruments Import and Export Corporation 仪器进出口公司Historical Relics Exhibition Corporation for Foreign Countries 对外文物展览公司Performing Arts Agency 对外演出公司Overseas Building Materials and Equipment Corporation 对外建筑材料设备公司Foreign Trade Storage Corporation 对外贸易仓储公司foreign Trade Transportation Corporation 对外贸易运输公司Foreign Trade Consultation & Technical Service Corporation 对外贸易咨询与技术服务公司 Exhibition Agency for Foreign Countries 对外展览公司Export Commodities Fair 出口商品交易会Machinery & Equipment Import and Export Corporation 机械设备进出口公司Complete Plant import and Export Corporation 成套设备进出口公司Communications Import and Export Service Corporation 交通进出口服务公司Machine-building International Corporation 机械对外经济技术合作公司Machinery Import and Export Corporation 机械进出口公司Corporation for International Cooperation in Agriculture, Livestock and Fishery 农牧渔业国际合作公司Import and Export Service Company for Farms and Land Reclamation 农垦进出口Import and Export Commodities Inspection Corporation 进出口商品检服务公司验公司Technical Import and Export Corporation 技术进出口公司Textiles Import and Export Corporation 纺织品进出口公司Import Corporation of Textile Machinery 纺织机械进出口公司Import Corporation of Technology of Textile Machinery 纺织机械技术进出口公司Metallurgical Import and Export Corporation 冶金进出口公司Forestry Import and Export Company 林业进出口公司Forestry Machinery Import and Export Company 林业机械进出口公司International Packaging Leasing Corporation Ltd. 国际包装租赁有限公司International Non-ferrous Metals Leasing Corporation Ltd. 国际有色金属租赁有限公司 International Book Trading Corporation 国际图书贸易有限公司International Economic Consultants Incorporation 国际经济咨询公司International Marine Containers Ltd. 国际海运集装股份有限公司Light Industrial Products Import and Export Corporation 轻工业品进出口公司Publication Import and Export Corporation 图书进出口公司Tea and Native Produce Import and Export Corporation 茶叶土产进出口公司Animal Breeding Stock Import and Export Corporation 种畜进出口公司Bearing Joint Export Corporation 轴承出口联营公司Aero-technology Import and Export Corporation 航空技术进出口公司Tobacco Import and Export Corporation 烟草进出口公司Leasing Company Ltd. 租赁有限公司Railway Foreign Service Corporation 铁路对外服务公司Cereals, Oil and Foodstuffs Import and Export Corporation 粮油食品进出口公司Coal Import and Export Corporation 煤炭进出口公司Microforms Import and Export Corporation 缩型出版物进出口公司Precision Machinery Import and Export corporation 精密机械进出口公司Abrasives Export Corporation 磨料磨具进出口公司Scientific Instrument import and Export Corporation 科学仪器进出口公司foreign Trade Corporation 对外贸易公司Aquatic Products Import and Export Corporation 水产进出口公司Ceramics Import and Export Corporation 陶瓷进出口公司International Cooperation Corporation of Economics and Technology 国际经济技术进出口公司 Trading Company 贸易公司comprehensive Trading Company 综合贸易公司Trade Development Company 贸易发展公司Overseas Economic Trading Company 海外经济贸易公司Investment Company 投资公司Trust Company 信托公司International Trust and Investment Company 国际信托投资公司Loan Investment Company 信贷投资公司Overseas Chinese Investment Company 华侨投资公司People’’s Insurance Agency 人民保险公司Labour Insurance Agency 劳动保险公司Life Insurance Agency 人寿保险公司Pacific Insurance Agency 太平洋保险公司Securities Agency 证券公司Stock Exchange 股票交易所Futures Exchange 期货交易所Commodities Futures Exchange 商品期货交易所Futures Brokerage Company Ltd. 期货经纪有限公司Cereals and Oil Futures Exchange 粮油期货交易所邮电、水电、交通、运输、计算机、电器、器材Posts and Telecommunications Apparatus Company 邮电器材公司Posts and Telecommunications Engineering Company 邮电工程公司Running-water Company 自来水公司Water and Electricity Construction Company 水电建设公司Power Industry Company 电力工业公司Electrical Installing Company 电力安装公司Air Line 航空公司Shipping Company 船舶公司Ocean Transportation Company 远洋运输公司Salvage Company 打捞公司Ocean Shipping Agency 外轮代理公司Ocean Shipping Tally Company 外轮理货公司Ship-building Company 造船公司Automobile Transportation Company 汽车运输公司Container Transportation Company 集装箱运输公司 Storage and TransportationCompany 储运公司Taxi Company 出租汽车公司Automobile Service Company 汽车修理公司Ocean Shipping Supply Company 外轮供应公司Fishing-boat Industry Company 渔船工业公司Automobile Parts Company 汽车配件公司Automation Engineering Company 自动化工程公司Microcomputer Company 微电脑公司Computer Company 计算机公司Computer Software Development Company 计算机软件开发公司 Hardware Company 五金公司Household Electric Appliance Company 家用电器公司 Refrigerator IndustryCompany 电冰箱工业公司Radio Apparatus Company 无线电器材公司Performing Instrument Company 演出器材公司Printing Apparatus Company 印刷器材公司Teaching Instrument Company 教学仪器公司Fibre Plant 合成纤维厂Soap Factory 肥皂厂Chemical Factory of Daily Use 日用化工厂 Toothpaste Factory 牙膏厂cosmetic Factory 化妆品厂Perfumery Plant 香料厂Beauty Products Factory 美容品厂Paint Factory 油漆厂Cement Plant 水泥厂Building Materials Factory 建材厂Timber Mill 木材厂Furniture Factory 家具厂Bricks and Tiles Plant 砖瓦厂Lime Factory 石灰厂Power Plant 发电厂Water Works 自来水厂Electroplate Factory 电镀厂Elevator Factory 电梯厂电器、无线、无线电、电子Electric Appliance Plant 电器厂Acoustics Appliance Plant 音响电器厂Household Electric Appliance Plant 家用电器厂Air-conditioner Factory 空调机厂Refrigerator Factory 电冰箱厂Television Sets Factory 电视机厂Washing Machine Factory 洗衣机厂Electric Fan Factory 电风扇厂Electric Iron Factory 电烫斗厂Switch Factory 开关厂Condenser Factory 电容器厂Cable Factory 电缆厂Electric Wire Factory 电线厂Broadcasting Equipment Plant 广播设备厂Telecommunications Equipment Plant 通讯设备厂Radio Factory 无线电厂Radio Parts Factory 无线电元件厂Electronics Factory 电子厂Electronic Equipment Factory 电子设备厂Electronic Computer Factory 电子计算机厂电池、电筒、灯泡、玻璃、塑料、橡胶、仪器、印刷、玩具、造纸、乐器、文具、陶瓷 Battery Plant 电池厂Fashlight Plant 电筒厂Electric Bulbs Factory 电灯泡厂Glass Factory 玻璃厂Plastics Plant 塑料厂Rubber Plant 橡胶厂Navigation Apparatus Factory 航海仪器厂Optical Instrument Factory 光学仪器厂Electronic Instruments Plant 电子仪器厂Educational Instrument Factory 教学仪器厂 Printing House 印刷厂Toy Factory 玩具厂Paper Mill 造纸厂Musical Instrument Factory 乐器厂Piano Factory 钢琴厂Stationery Factory 文具厂Ink Factory 墨水厂Fountain Pen Factory 金笔厂Pencil Factory 铅笔厂Camera Factory 照相机厂Ceramics Factory 陶瓷厂阀门、轴承、齿轮、标准件、工具、用具、五金、金属 Valve Plant 阀门厂Bearing Factory 轴承厂Gear Factory 齿轮厂Standard Component Factory 标准件厂Tools Factory 工具厂Hardware Tools Factory 五金工具厂Gas Appliance Factory 煤气用具厂Kitchen Utensils Factory 厨具厂Hardware Factory 五金厂Metal Processing Factory Hardware and Electric Appliance Factory 五金电器厂金属加工厂Metal Component Factory 金属构件厂Lighter Factory 打火机厂Nail Factory 制钉厂Drawing Pin Factory 图钉厂Zipper Factory 拉链厂Lock Factory 锁厂自行车、缝纫机、钟表、纺织、服装、床上用品、鞋、袜、皮革 Bicycle Plant自行车厂Sewing Machine Factory 缝纫机厂Clock Factory 钟厂Watch Factory 表厂Electronic Watch Plant 电子表厂Textile Mill 纺织厂Cotton Mill 棉纺织厂Woolen Mill 毛纺厂Silk Mill 丝厂Embroidery Factory 刺绣厂Clothing Factory 服装厂Woolen Sweater Mill 羊毛衫厂Towel Factory 毛巾厂Mosquito Net Factory 蚊帐厂Sheet Factory 床单厂Bedclothes Factory 床上用品厂Shoes Factory 鞋厂Leather Shoes Factory 皮鞋厂Rubber Shoes Factory 胶鞋厂Plastic Shoes Factory 塑料鞋厂Boots Factory 制靴厂Socks Factory 袜厂Leather Factory 皮革厂粮油、食品、乳品、饮料、酒、糖、糖果、烟、火柴、菜、制药 Edible Oil Refinery食油厂Flour Mill 面粉厂Rice Products Mill 米制品厂Flour Products Mill 面制品厂Foodstuffs Factory 食品厂Bakery 面包厂Milk Products Plant 乳制品厂Canned Foodstuffs Factory 罐头厂Beverage Factory 饮料厂Alcohol Plant 酒精厂Beer Brewery 啤酒厂Winery 酿酒厂Sugar Refinery 制糖厂Confectionery 糖果厂Biscuits Factory 饼干厂Spice Factory 调味品厂Gourmet Powder Factory 味精厂Cigarettes Factory 卷烟厂Matches Factory 火柴厂Bean Products Factory 豆制品厂Pastries Factory 糕点厂Tea Processing Factory 茶厂Pharmaceutical Factory 制药厂Medical Apparatus Factory 医疗器械厂Medical Equipment Plant 医疗设备厂Sanitary Materials Factory 卫生材料厂Insecticide Factory 农药厂Veterinary Medicines Factory 兽药厂Chemical Pharmaceutical Factory 化学制药厂服务单位 Service Units 商店Department Store 百货商店Confectioner’s Shop, Candy Shop 糖果店 Grocery 食品杂货店Supermarket 超级市场Shopping Center 购物中心Book Store 书店Grain Store 粮店Food Store 食品店Food and Drink Shop 饮食店Eating House 小吃店Snack Bar 快餐店Cold Drink Shop 冷饮店Sauced Meat Shop 卤味店Cured Meat Shop 腊味店Roast Meat Shop 烤肉店Beancurd Shop 豆腐店Aquatic Products Shop 水产店Meat Shop, Butcher’s Shop 肉店Vegetables Shop 蔬菜店Green Grocery 蔬菜水果店Fowl Shop 家禽店Coal Shop 煤店Clothing Store 服装店Ready-made Clothes Shop 成衣店Drug Store, Pharmacy 药店Watch and Clock Shop 钟表店Children’s (Women’s) Shop 儿童(妇女)商店Stationer’s Shop 文具店Daily-use Sundry Goods shop 日用杂货店 Cooking Utensils Store 炊具店Furniture Shop 家具店Eyeglasses Store 眼镜店Gift Store 礼品店Friendship Store 友谊商店Electric Appliance Shop 电器商店Flower Shop 花店Antiques Shop 古玩店Jewelry Shop 珠宝店Second-hand Goods Store 旧货店Paint Shop 油漆店Hardware Store 五金店旅行社、宾馆、餐馆、茶楼、酒楼China International Travel Service 中国国际旅行社 China Travel Service 中国旅行社Overseas Chinese Travel Service 华侨旅行社 Youth Travel Service 青年旅行社Hotel 宾馆，酒店Inn 旅店，旅馆Restaurant 餐馆，菜馆，饭店Tea House 茶楼Public House 酒楼，酒馆银行People’s Bank of China 中国人民银行People’s Construc tion Bank of China 中国人民建设银行 Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 中国工商银行 Agricultural Bank of China 中国农业银行Communications Bank of China 中国交通银行Import and Export Bank of China 中国进出口银行 Investment Bank of China中国投资银行Bank of China 中国银行。

铁路专业词汇一、铁路；铁道railway railroad铁路线 railway line； railroad line铁路网 railway network； railroad network 铁道科学 railway science铁路技术 railway technology铁路等级 railway classification国有铁路 national railway； state railway 地方铁路 local railway； regional railway 私有铁路 private railway合资铁路 joint investment railway； jointly owned railway标准轨铁路 standard-gage railway窄轨铁路 narrow-gage railway米轨铁路 meter-gage railway宽轨铁路 broad-gage railway单线铁路 single track railway双线铁路 double track railway多线铁路 multiple track railway重载铁路 heavy haul railway高速铁路 high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路 electrified railway；electric railway干线铁路 main line railway； trunk railway 市郊铁路 suburban railway地下铁道；地铁 subway； metro； underground railway工业企业铁路 industry railway矿山铁路 mine railway轻轨铁路 light railway； light rail高架铁路 elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev森林铁路 forest railway山区铁路 mountain railway既有铁路 existing railway新建铁路 newly-built railway改建铁路 reconstructed railway运营铁路 railway in operation； operation；operating railway专用铁路 special purpose railway干线 trunk line； main line支线 branch line铁路专用线 railway special line货运专线 railway line for freight traffic；freight special line； freight traffic only line客运专线 railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line； passenger traffic only line客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程 operation length of railway； operating distance； revenue length 列车运行图 train diagram铁路建筑长度 construction length of railway 区间 section区段 district轨距 rail gage； rail gauge轮重 wheel load轴重 axle load最大轴重 maximum allowable axle load限制轴重 axle load limited限界 clearance； gauge限界图 clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance； structure clearance for railway；railway struction gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance； fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界 bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限 tunnel construction clearance；tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界 rolling stock clearance for railway； vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界 clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界 clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界 loading clearance limit； loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension； clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limit for overhead contract wire； clearance limit for overhead catenary system； overhead catenary system gauge列车与线路相互作用 track-train interaction 轮轨关系 wheel-rail relation； wheel-rail interaction粘着系数 adhesion coefficient车轮滑行 wheel sliding； wheel skid车轮空转 wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式 mode of traction牵引定数 tonnage rating； tonnage of traction 装载系数 loading coefficient速度 speed持续速度 continuous speed 限制速度 limited speed； speed restriction 均衡速度 balancing speed构造速度 construction speed； design speed 最高速度 maximum speed临界速度 critical speed重载列车 heavy haul train高速列车 high speed train超长超重列车 exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突 train collision列车尾追 train tail collision列车尾部防护 train rear end protection伸缩运动 fore and aft motion蛇行运动 hunting； nosing列车压缩 train running in列车拉伸 train running out列车分离 train separation列车颠覆 train overturning列车动力学 train dynamics列车空气动力学 train aerodynamics机车车辆振动 vibration of rolling stock纵向振动 longitudinal vibration横向振动 lateral vibration垂向振动 vertical vibration摆滚振动 rock-roll vibration浮沉振动 bouncing； vibration测滚振动 rolling ； vibration测摆振动 swaying； vibration点头振动 pitching； nodding摇头振动 yawing； hunting机车车辆共振 resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击 impact of rolling纵向冲击 longitudinal impact横向冲击 lateral impact垂向冲击 vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化 automation of traffic control 编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟 simulation of operation system 铁路法 railway law铁道法规 railway act铁路条例 railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport；multi-mode transport； intermode transport 国际铁路联运 international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路 transcontinental railway；intercontinental railway； land-railway国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic二、铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造 technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway； betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件 main technical standard of railway；main techincal requirement of railway 单位工程 unit project分部工程 part project分项工程 item project预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study项目建议书 proposed task of project可行性研究 feasibility study设计阶段 design phase； design stage三阶段设计 three-step design； three-phase design两阶段设计two-step design；two-phase design一阶段设计one-step design；one-phase design初步设计 preliminary design技术设计 technical design扩大初步设计 enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design变更设计 altered design设计概算 apporximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design个别概算 individual approximate estimate综合概算 comprehensive approximate estimate 总概算 sum of approximate estimate； total estimate； summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate； revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算 checking of investment预算定额 rating of budget； rating form for budget概算定额 rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate投资估算 investment estimate估算指标 index of estimate机械台班定额 rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team工程直接费 direct expense of project； direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project工程预备费 reserve fund of project设计鉴定 certification of design； appraisal of design竣工决算 final accounts of completed project 铁路用地 right-of-way铁路勘测 railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching地形调查 topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey地质调查 geologic survey经济调查 economic investigation； economic survey水文地质调查 hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类 classification of soil and rock地基承载力 bearing capacity of foundation；bearing capacity of ground；bearing of subgrade隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘 survey and drawing of geological map； surveying and sketching of geological map勘探 exploration； prospecting挖探 excavation prospecting钻探 boring； exploration drilling物探 geophysical prospecting室内测试 indoor test； laboratory test原位测试 in situ test静力触探 static sounding； static probing；cone penetration test动力触探试验 dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验 standard penetration test区域地质 regional geology工程地质 engineering geology不良地质 unfavorable geology特殊地质 special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic；requirement； engineering geologic condition 气象资料 meteorological data冻结深度 freezing depth地震基本烈度 basic intensity of earthquake；seismic basic intensity工程地质图 engineering geological map地层柱状图column diagram of stratum；graphic logs of strata； drill log of stratum 洪水调查 flood survey河道调查 river course survey冰凌调查 ice floe survey； frazil ice survey 汇水区流域特征调查 survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing；dydrologic section；hydrologic cross-section主河槽 main river channel设计流速 design current velocity设计高程；设计标高 design elevation河流比降 slope of river； comparable horizon of river历史洪水位 historic flood level最高水位 highest water level； HWL通航水位 navigation water level； NWL桥涵水文 hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径 hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度 backwater height in front of bridge； top water level in front of bridge 桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度 slope of water surface水文测量 hydrological survey泥石流流域 catchment basin of debris flow 分水岭 watershed； dividing ridge汇水面积 catchment area； water collecting area； drainage area洪水频率 flood frequency设计流量 design discharge设计水位 design water level施工水位 construction level； construction water level； working water level设计洪水过程线 designed flood hydrograph容许冲刷 allowable scour一般冲刷 general scour局部冲刷 local scour； partial scour三、铁路测量 railway survey线路踏勘；草测 route reconnaissance初测 preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment；final location survey导线测量 traversing； traverse survey光电导线 photoelectric traverse地形测量 topographical survey 横断面测量 cross leveling； cross-section survey； cross-section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway； resurvey of existing railway测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差；中误差 mean square error最大误差；极限误差 maximum error； limiting error中线测量 center line survey中线桩 center line stake加桩additional stake； plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake水准点高程测量 bench mark leveling中桩高程测量；中平 center stake leveling曲线控制点 curve control point放线 setting-out of route； lay out of route 交点 intersection point副交点 auxiliary intersection point转向角 deflection angle分转向角 auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角 plane-coordinate azimuth象限角 quadrantal angle经纬距 plane rectangular coordinate断链 broken chain投影断链 projection of broken chain断高 broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测 railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测 railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感 remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段 segment of survey航测选线 aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统 global positioning system； GPS 像片索引图 index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey三角高程测量 trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量outside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量 in tunnel control survey；through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量 survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location；approximate railway location； location of railway route selection平原地区选线 location in plain region； plain location越岭选线 location of mountain line； location of line in mountain region； location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location； location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线 hilly land location； location of line on hilly land工程地质选线 engineering geoligic location of line线间距 distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks车站分布 distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative投资回收期 repayment period of capital cost 纸上定线 paper location of line缓坡地段 section of easy grade； section of gentle slope紧坡地段 section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段 section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade导向线 leading line； alignment guiding line 拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height； ascent of elevation横断面选线 cross-section method of railway location；location with cross-section method； cross-section method for location of line展线 extension of line； development of line；line development展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线 overlapping line线路平面图 track plan； line plan线路纵断面图 track profile； line profile 站坪长度 length of station site站坪坡度 grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve圆曲线 circular curve单曲线 simple curve缓和曲线 transition curve； easement curve；spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature； rate of transition curve复曲线 compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线 reverse curve； curve of opposite sense夹直线 intermediate straight line； tangent between curves坡度 grade； gradient； slope人字坡 double spur grade限制坡度 ruling grade； limiting grade加力牵引坡度 pusher grade； assisting grade 最大坡度 maximum grade临界坡度 critical grade长大坡度 long steep grade； long heavy grade 动力坡度 momentum grade均衡坡度 balanced grade有害地段 harmful district无害地段 harmless district变坡点 point of gradient change； breake in grade坡段 grade section坡段长度 length of grade section坡度差 algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线 vertical curve分坡平段 level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度 slight grade； flat grade； easy grade起动缓坡 flat gradient for starting 加速缓坡 easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减 compensation of gradient； gradient compensation； grade compensation曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel； compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段 detouring section； round section 换侧；换边 change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法 plastic stage design method 极限状态设计法 limit state design method 概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilisatic limit state design method 地震系数法 seismic coefficient method四、路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基 rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious embankment非渗水土路基 non-permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment特殊土路基 subgrade of special soil软土地区路基 subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade in soft； clay region泥沼地区路基 subgrade in bog zone； subgrade in morass region； subgrade in swampland 膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基 subgrade in swelling soil zone； subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基 subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soilzone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤 embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤 embankment on river bank水库路基 subgrade in reservoir； embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基 subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基 subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone； subgrade in scree zone滑坡地段路基 subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基 subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone； subgrade in desert雪害地段路基 subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基 subgrade in debris flow zone 路基横断面 subgrade cross-section路基面 subgrade surface； formation路基面宽度 width of the subgrade surface；formation width路拱 road crown； subgrade crown路肩 Road shoulder； subgrade shoulder路肩高程 formation level； shoulder level 路堤 embankment； fill路堑 cut； road； cutting半堤半堑 part-cut and part-fill section； cut and fill section基床 subgrade bed； formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer；surface layer of subgrade基床表层 bottom layer of subgrade； formation base layer； bottom layer of subgrade bed一般路基general subgrade；ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade； minimum height of fill临界高度 critical height基底 foundation base； base路堤边坡side slope of embankment；fill slope talus坡脚 toe of side slope护道 berm取土坑 borrow pit路堤填料embankment fill material；embankment filler；filling material of embankment填料分类 classification of filling material 岩块填料 rock block filler； rock filler；rock fill粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler；coarse-grained soil fill细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler；fine-grained soil fill压实标准 compacting criteria相对密度 relative density压实系数compacting factor；compacting coefficient最佳含水量 optimum moisture content； best moisture content最佳密度 optimum density； best density核子密度湿度测定 determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定 determination of bearing slabof subgrade预留沉落量 reserve settlement； settlement allowance反压护道 berm with superloading； berm for back pressure； counter swelling berm石灰砂桩 lime sand pile换土 change soil； soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation； silt arresting by explosion；discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation；packing sedimentation by throwing stones； packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破 rock cutting blasting； rock blasting in cut定向爆破 directional blasting浅孔爆破 shallow hole blasting深孔爆破 deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting； chamher blasting扬弃爆破 abandoned blasting； abandonment blasting抛掷爆破 pin-point blasting松动爆破 blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破 pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting；contact blasting路堑边坡 cutting slope； side slope of cut 堑顶 top of cutting slope； top of cutting 路堑平台platform of cutting；berm in cutting弃土堆 waste bank； bankette； spoil bank 五、防护工程Protection works挡土墙 retaining wall 重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall；gravity retaining wall with relieving platform； balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie rods；anchored bulkhead retaining wall；anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall； reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙 cylindrical shaft retaining wall 沉井挡墙 caisson retaining wall抗滑桩anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile护墙 guard wall护坡 slope protection； revetment； pitching 排水沟 weep drain； drainage ditch； drain ditch边沟；侧沟 side ditch天沟 gutter； overhead ditch； intercepting ditch吊沟 suspended ditch跌水 hydraulic drop截水沟 intercepting ditch； catch-drain急流槽 chute排水槽 drainage channel渗水暗沟 blind drain渗水隧洞 leak tunnel； permeable tunnel；drainage tunnel渗井 leaching well； seepage well渗管 leaky pipe平孔排水 horizontal hole drainage反滤层 reverse filtration layer； inverted filter； protective filter检查井 inspection well； manhole砂井；排水砂井 sand drain隔断层 insulating course； insulating layer 透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable embankment渗水路堤 immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sand blanker坡面防护 slope protection护岸 revetment； shore protection导流堤 diversion dike拦石墙 stone cut off wall； stone falling wall； buttree落石槽 stone falling channel； trough for catching falling rocks柴排firewood raft；mattress；willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙 wind-break wall防风栅栏 wind break fence砂土液化 sand liquefaction六、桥梁 bridge中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载 standard live load for bridge 桥梁荷载谱 bridge load spectrum换算均布活载 equivalent uniform live load 设计荷载 design load主力 principal load恒载 dead load土压力 earth load静水压力 hydrostatic pressure浮力 buoyancy列车活载 live load of train 列车离心力 centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载 impact force of train 冲击系数 ceofficient of impact人行道荷载 sidewalk loading附加力 subsidiary load； secondary load列车制动力 braking force of train列车牵引力 tractive force of train风荷载 wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力 pressure of water flow冰压力 ice pressure冻胀力 frost heaving force特殊荷载 particular load船只或排筏的撞击力 collision force of ship or raft地震力 seismic force地震烈度 earthquake intensity地震震级 earthquake magnitude施工荷载 constructional loading荷载组合 loading conbination铁路桥 railway bridge公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway and railway bridge；combined rail-cum-road bridge跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge；grade separation bridge； flyover高架桥 viaduct旱桥 dry bridge人行桥 foot bridge； pedestrian bridge圬工桥 masonry bridge钢桥 steel bridge铆接钢桥 riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥 bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥 all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓 high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓 torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手 bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥 concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥 reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥 prestressed concrete bridge 先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁 post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥 composite beam bridge低高度梁 shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁 girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete；skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥 simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥 continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥 cantilever beam bridge板桥 slab bridge空心板桥 hollow slab bridge板梁 plate girder工形梁 I-beam箱形梁 box girder槽形梁 trough girder桁架 truss拆装式桁架 demountable truss刚架桥；刚构桥 rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥 strutted beam bridge；slant-legged rigid frame bridge 悬板桥；悬带桥 stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥；吊桥 suspension bridge斜拉桥 cable-stayed bridge浮桥pontoon bridge；floating bridge；bateau bridge拱桥 arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱 fixed-end arch双铰拱 two-hinged arch三铰拱 three-hinged arch实腹拱 spandrel-filled arch； solid-spandrel arch空腹拱 open-spandrel arch双曲拱 two-way curved arch； cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱 tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥 Langer bridge；flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge； rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥 Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge； rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥 movable bridge竖旋桥 bascule bridge平旋桥 swing bridge升降桥 lift bridge正交桥 right bridge斜交桥 skew bridge曲线桥 curved bridge曲梁 curved beam特大桥 super maior bridge大桥 major bridge中桥 medium bridge小桥 minor bridge单线桥 single track bridge双线桥 double track bridge多线桥 multi-track bridge正桥；主桥 main bridge引桥 approach spans上承式桥 deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge下承式桥 through bridge双层桥 double-deck bridge永久性桥 permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥 temporary bridge跨径；跨度 span净跨 clear span桥梁全长 overall length of bridge桥下净空 underneath clearance主梁中心距 center to center distance between main girder节间长度 panel length梁高 depth of girder拱度 camber挠度 deflection节间 panel锚跨；锚孔 anchor span悬跨；吊孔 suspended span桥梁上部结构 superstructure腹板 web plate翼缘 flange翼缘板 flange plate弦杆 chord member腹杆 web member斜杆 diagonal member竖杆 vertical member吊杆 suspender hanger 加劲杆 stiffener节点 panel point节点板 gusset plate拼接板 splice plate缀条 lacing bar缀板 stay plate； tie plate侧向水平联结系 lateral bracing横联 sway bracing制动撑架 braking bracing桥门架 portal frame纵梁 stringer横梁 floor beam； transverse beam桥面系 floor system端横梁 end floor beam起重横梁 jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁 auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效 strain ageing碳当量 carbon equivalent钢丝 steel wire钢丝束 bundled steel wires钢绞线 steel strand钢筋 reinforcement； steel bar箍筋 stirrup纵向钢筋 longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋 bent-up bar架立钢筋 erection bar构造钢筋 constructional reinforcement预应力筋 tendon套管 sheath梁腋 haunch拱圈 arch ring拱肋 arch rib拱顶 rach crown拱矢 rise of arch起拱点 springing拱腹 soffit拱腹线 intrados拱背钱 extrados桥塔 bridge tower； pylon索平面 cable plane缆索 cable斜缆 stay cable； inclined cable吊缆 suspension cable索鞍 cable saddle索夹 cable band； cable clamp锚座 socket锚碇 anchorage明桥面 open deck； ballastless deck； open floor桥梁道碴槽 ballast trough道碴桥面 ballasted deck； ballasted floor 桥梁护轨 guard rail of bridge桥梁护木 guard timber of bridge桥枕 bridge tie； bridge sleeper桥上人行道 sidewalk on bridge步行板 foot plank避车台 refuge platform伸缩缝 expansion joint正交异性板 orthotropic plate栏杆 railing； handrail； handrailing泻水孔 drainage opening直结轨道 track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件 shear connector支座 bearing固定支座 fixed bearing活动支座 expension bearing； movable bearing 平板支座 plate bearing摇轴芝座 rocker bearing 滚轴支座 roller bearing球面支座 spherical bearing板式橡胶支座 laminated rubber bearing盆式橡胶支座 pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing； PTFE bearing涡流激振 wortex-excited oscillation弛振 galloping颤振 flutter扰流板 spoiler风嘴 wind fairing桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge浮运架桥法 bridge erection by floating架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting equipment顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching拖拉架设法 launching method赝架式架设法 erection with scaffolding悬臂架设法 catilever erection； erection by protrusion悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever construction；free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution； free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete预制混凝土构件precast concrete units；precast concrete members活动模架逐跨施工法 segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller桥梁合龙 closure就地贯注法cast-in-place method；cast-in-situ method活动吊篮 travelling cradle顶进法 jack-in method旋转法施工；转体施工 erection by swing method 液压式张拉千斤顶 hydraulic tensioning jack 桥梁下部结构 substructure桥台 abutment重力式桥台 gravity abutment埋置式桥台 buried abutment锚定板式桥台 anchor slab abutmentU形桥台 U-shaped abutment耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall台身 abutment body前墙 front wall台帽 abutment coping翼墙 wing wall锥体护坡 quadrant revetment； truncated cone banking台后填方 filling behind abutment桥墩 pier空心桥墩 hollow pier实体桥墩 solid pier重力式桥墩 gravity pier柔性桥墩 flexible pier拼装式桥墩 assembly pier； pier constructed with precast units制动墩 braking pier柱式桥墩 column pierV形桥墩 V-shaped pier圆端形桥墩 round-ended pier圆形桥墩 circular pier矩形桥墩 rectangular pier排架式桥墩 pile bent pier墩身 pier body； pier shaft墩帽 pier coping 围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment承台 bearing platform破冰体 ice apron； ice-breaking cutwater；ice guard地基 foundation； foundation soil； subgrade 加固地基improved foundation；improved ground天然地基 natural foundation； natural ground 桥梁基础 bridge foundation扩大基础 spread foundation明挖基础open-cut foundation；open excavation foundation沉井基础 open caisson foundation浮式沉井基础 floating caisson foundation沉井刃脚 cutting edge of open caisson围堰 cofferdam双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation预制钢壳钻孔基础 prefabricated steel shell bored foundation泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson空气幕沉井法 air curtain method for sinking caisson沉箱基础 pneumatic caisson foundation管柱基础 tubular column foundation桩基础 pile foundation预制桩 precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile；cast-in-situ concrete pile螺旋喷射桩 auger injected pile摩擦桩 friction pile支承桩 bearing pile钻孔桩 bored pile挖孔桩 dug pile钢桩 steel pile钢管桩 steel pipe pile钢板桩 steel sheet pile板桩 sheet pile木桩 timber pile钢筋混凝土桩 reinforced concrete pile砂桩 sand pile挤密砂桩 sand conpaction pile流砂 quick sand； drift sand送桩 pile follower试桩 test pile斜桩 batter pile； raking pile； spur pile 护筒 pile casting重锤夯实法 heavy tamping method灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime-soil replacement and tamping灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting；concreting with tremie method导流建筑物 regulating structure丁坝；挑水坝 spur dike顺坝 longitudinal dam河床铺砌 river bed paving码头 wharf排架 bent脚手架 scaffold悬空脚手架 hanging stage； hanging scaffold 七、铁路涵洞 railway culvert涵洞孔径 aperture of culvert管涵 pipe culvert箱涵 box culvert拱涵 arch culvert盖板涵 slab culvert无压力涵洞 inlet unsubmerged culvert压力式涵洞 outlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞 inlet submerged culvert明渠 open channel； open ditch； open drain 倒虹吸管 inverted siphon潮汐河流 tidal river淤积 silting； siltation流冰 ice drift铁路轮渡 railway car ferries轮渡站 ferry station轮渡栈桥 ferry trestle bridge渡轮 ferry boat轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道 ferry slip八、铁路隧道 railway tunnel山岭隧道 mountain tunnel越岭隧道 over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater tunnel地铁隧道 subway tunne； underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow-depth tunnel； shallow burying tunnel深埋隧道 deep tunnel； deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel单线隧道 single track tunnel双线隧道 double track tunnel多线隧道 multiple track tunnel车站隧道 station tunnel地铁车站 subway station； metro station特长隧道 super long tunnel长隧道 long tunnel中长隧道 medium tunnel短隧道 short tunnel隧道群 tunnel group地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering洞口 tunne ladit； tunnel opening。

Unit 1 Chemical Industry化学工业much more recently. It may be considered to have begun during the Industrial Revolution, about 1800, and developed to provide chemicals roe use by other industries. Examples are alkali for soapmaking, bleaching powder for cotton, and silica and sodium carbonate for glassmaking. It will be noted that these are all inorganic chemicals. The organic chemicals industry started in the 1860s with the exploitation of William Henry Perkin’s discovery if the first synthetic dyestuff—mauve. At the start of the twentieth century the emphasis on research on the applied aspects of chemistry in Germany had paid off handsomely, and by 1914 had resulted in the German chemical industry having 75% of the world market in chemicals. This was based on the discovery of new dyestuffs plus the development of both the contact process for sulphuric acid and the Haber process for ammonia. The later required a major technological breakthrough that of being able to carry out chemical reactions under conditions of very high pressure for the first time. The experience gained with this was to stand Germany in good stead, particularly with the rapidly increased demand for nitrogen-based compounds (ammonium salts for fertilizers and nitric acid for explosives manufacture) with the outbreak of world warⅠin 1914. This initiated profound changes which continued during the inter-war years (1918-1939).1．化学工业的起源尽管化学品的使用可以追溯到古代文明时代，我们所谓的现代化学工业的发展却是非常近代（才开始的）。

土木工程常用‎翻译工程结构 buildi‎n g and civil engine‎e ring struct‎u res房屋建筑和土‎木工程的建筑‎物、构筑物及其相‎关组成部分的‎总称。

工程结构设计‎design‎of buildi‎n g and civil engine‎e ringstruct‎u res在工程结构的‎可靠与经济、适用与美观之‎间，选择一种最佳‎的合理的平衡‎，使所建造的结‎构能满足各种‎预定功能要求‎。

房屋建筑工程‎buildi‎n g engine‎e ring一般称建筑工‎程，为新建、改建或扩建房‎屋建筑物和附‎属构筑物所进‎行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等‎各项技术工作‎和完成的工程‎实体。

土木工程 civil engine‎e ring除房屋建筑外‎，为新建、改建或扩建各‎类工程的建筑‎物、构筑物和相关‎配套设施等所‎进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等‎各项技术工作‎和完成的工程‎实体。

公路工程 highwa‎y engine‎e ring为新建或改建‎各级公路和相‎关配套设施等‎而进行的勘察‎、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等‎各项技术工作‎和完成的工程‎实体。

铁路工程 railwa‎y engine‎e ring为新建或改建‎铁路和相关配‎套设施等所进‎行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等‎各项技术工作‎和完成的工程‎实体。

港口与航道工‎程 port ( harbou‎r ) and waterw‎a y engine‎e ring为新建或改建‎港口与航道和‎相关配套设施‎等所进行的勘‎察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等‎各项技术工作‎和完成的工程‎实体。

水利工程 hydrau‎l ic engine‎e ring为修建治理水‎患、开发利用水资‎源的各项建筑‎物、构筑物和相关‎配设施等所进‎行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等‎各项技术工作‎和完成的工程‎实体。

化学工程与工艺专业英语课文翻译Unit 1 Chemical Industry化学工业 ..................................................... - 2 - Unit 2 Research and Development研究和开发 .................................. - 7 - Unit 3 Typical Activities of Chemical Engineers化学工程师的例行工作 . -13 -Unit 4 Sources of Chemicals化学资源 .............................................. - 19 - Unit 5 Basic Chemicals基本化学品................................................... - 24 - Unit 6 Chlor-Alkali and Related Processes氯碱及其相关过程.......... - 26 - Unit 7 Ammonia, Nitric Acid and Urea氯、硝酸和尿素 ................... - 31 - Unit 8 Petroleum Processing石油加工 ............................................. - 37 - Unit 9 Polymers 聚合物.................................................................. - 40 - Unit 10 What Is Chemical Engineering?什么是化学工程学 .............. - 45 - Unit 11 Chemical and Process Thermodynamics化工热力学 ........... - 52 - Unit 12 What do we mean by transport phenomena ?如何定义传递现象....................................................................................................... - 57 - Unit 13 Unit Operations in Chemical Engineering化学工程中的单元操作....................................................................................................... - 61 - Unit14 Distillation蒸馏 ..................................................................... - 65 - Unit 15 Solvent Extraction, Leaching and Adsorption溶剂萃取，浸取和吸附................................................................................................... - 71 -Unit 16 Evaporation, Crystallization and Drying蒸发、结晶和干燥.- 76 - Unit 17 Chemical Reaction Engineering化学反应工程 ..................... - 82 - Unit18 Chemical Engineering Modeling化工建模 ............................ - 88 - Unit 19 Introduction to Process Design过程设计简介 ..................... - 92 - Unit 20 Material Science and Chemical Engineer材料科学和化学工程 .. -97 -Unit 21 Chemical Industry and Environment化学工业与环境 ....... - 103 -Unit 1 Chemical Industry化学工业1．化学工业的起源尽管化学品的使用可以追溯到古代文明时代，我们所谓的现代化学工业的发展却是非常近代（才开始的）。

钻机常用词汇不可不知常用的钻机词汇照明灯座light base配套连接管线 connecting pipeline泥浆分配器 mud distribution防砂棚构件 support, sand-proof shed泥浆枪 mud gun离心机供液泵 feed pump,centrifuge川式取芯筒core barrel泥浆灌注泵charging pump吸入滤子 sucking filter, mud tank房架house rack井架五段 fifth section of derrick左五段 left fifth section of derrick右五段 right fifth section of dreeick钻杆架 pipe rock井架四段 forth section of derrick左中上段 left middle upside右中上段 right middle upside井架三段 third section of derrick左三段left third section右三段right third section铺台 floorboard操作台 Control Console井架二段second section of derrick左二段 left second section右二段 right second section气路硬管pipe for air road井架左一段left first section of derrick井架右一段right first section of derrick高支架 High Support低支架 low support操作台 operatiing plate天车飞机架suspending device for crown block 斜拉杆（一） slant drawing rod (first)背横梁（一） back cross beam (first)角撑angle support底座中层前斜撑 front slant support,medium base 底座底层前斜撑 front slant support,low basement 后斜撑 back slant support前斜撑 front slant support井架悬臂吊装置 suspending device,derrick防喷器吊杠hanging bar,BOP防喷器吊装梁 installing beam, BOP井架辅助滑轮及前拉杆auxilliary pulley & front drag rod快绳扶绳架 guiding line rack二层台撑杆 supporting rod, monkey board二层台 monkey board二层台挡风墙 wind-proof wall, monkey board二层台栏杆handrail for monkey board拖拽装置 draging device绞车架 supporting rack for drawworks支房架 supporting rack, mud tank右前底座 right front basement人字架前腿front leg of gin pole人字架后腿rear leg of gin pole后立柱 rear standing pole人字架小撑架 tip support of gin pole左前底座 left front basement坡道 ramp滑道 escape slide挂梯 hanging ladder背横梁 back cross beam前横梁 front cross beam蹬梯助力器支架supporter, aid climb device大钳平衡重 balance device, hydraulic tong井口吊装梁凳 bench for wellhead beam installation 取心筒提升短节 lifting sub, core barrel水龙头 swivel立根台 standpipe plate水龙带 hose中层前立柱 medium layer front column中层中立柱 medium layer center column升降机笼cadge, riser吊环elevater link灯架座 basement, light rack右后基座 right rear basement右支架 right breacket左后基座left rear basement左支架 left breacket绞车 drawworks绞车电机 DC moter, drawworks天车 crown block卧式供油罐 supplying oil tank油泵 oil pumpLC流量计 LC flowmeter四品油罐 lubracating oil and waste oil tank齿轮油泵gear oil pump工业药品水罐industrial pill water tank井场生活水罐drinking water tank冷却水罐 cooling water tank泥浆药品罐 mud pill tank离心机控柜 control case,contrifuge工具提栏 tools joint house行车 hoist踏板 candle配合接头箱cross-over joint case配合接头cross-over joint接头箱 joint case磨鞋捞杯fishing cup,mill shoe双头螺栓double head nut双裁丝法兰 flange螺母 bolt钢圈 steel ringSCR房SCR house缓冲器罐 buffer air tank for drill floor钻杆盒 drilling pipe enclosure液压猫头箱hydraulic pressure cat head清洗机cleaning machine井口吊装装置配件箱 spare parts for wellhead suspending device盘刹配件箱disbrake spare parts高压管汇配件箱 high-pressure pipe spare parts钻铤 drill collar镀锌管 galvanized pipe固控系统加重房 solid control system weight house加重泵 wieght pump剪切泵shear pump漏斗 hopper电缆槽cable tray泥浆材料房mud material house泥浆泵护罩cover, transmission device灯架light rack带高架供油罐 supplying oil tank c/w high position supplying device 震击器drilling jar扶正器 stabilizer胶芯 rubber core短钻杆 short drillpipe短钻铤short drill collar液压远程控制台 hydraulic remote controller配套营区配电房 power distribution house for camp左前基座及人字架left front basement and gin pole轮式装载机 fork井架高低只架 high-low support for rising derrick 柴油发电机组 diesel generator sets风动绞车 penumatic hoist剪切闸板及闸板总成 shear ram and ram assembly辅助发电机组auxiliary diesel generator sets司钻综合控制系统带房 driller control system c/w house司钻偏房dog house钻台液压站 hydraulic presure station for drill floor hydraulic device气源房 air supplying house压缩机 compressor再生干燥机 recreate dryer空气干燥器 air drier储气罐 air storage tank电动升降机 electric elevator振动筛 shale shaker除气器degasser除砂除泥一体机 desander and desilter integral machine 中速离心机medium speed centrifuge高速离心机 high speed centrifuge钻井机械修理房 drilling machanicl repairing house车床 lathe钻床 drill press焊机welding machine造扣机creating screw machine砂轮机 grinding wheel machine钳工台tool table钻井普通材料房 drilling common material house井场材料房 wellsite material house钻井配套消防房 firefighting house for drilling钻井通讯值班房 communication house on wellsite钻井井场值班房 wellsite duty house at wellsite钻井泥浆实验室mud lab for drilling钻井野营房camp at wellsite洗衣间及浴室 laundry & bath room泥浆室 mud room井场会议室meeting room at wellsite井场医务室 infirmary at wellsite软水处理房 water trantment house厨房 kitchen测斜仪 inclinometer急救设备 emergency equipment有害气体检测仪 harmful gas detector通讯设备 communication fitting餐厅dinning room泵房房架 frame for pump house shed加重钻杆heavy wall drilling pipe防喷器底座BOP base环形防喷器 annular BOP节流管汇 choke-line manifold控制箱 control box闸门throttle valve双闸板防喷器 double ram BOP风动绞车 pneumatic hoist泥浆高压管汇 high pressure manifold扶正器 drill –breaker风动绞车pneumatic wrench钻台右只架 right support of drillfloor方钻杆 Kelly套管 casing油水管排架及逃生跑道 pipe rack for oil water pipe and escape runway 油套管钳箱tub, casing tong平焊法兰flat welding flange泥浆闸阀 mud gate valve刮泥板 mud scraping board磨擦片 friction block安全销safety pin冲管 washing pipe调压继气器pressure adjustable relay快速放气阀rapid release valve单向导气龙头 one way air guide防碰天车过卷阀 crown-o-matic两用继气器 double function relay常开气控阀 usual open gas control valve三通旋塞阀 three-way kelly cock valve定位组合调压阀 pressure adjustable valve闸瓦shoe水龙头冲管盘根盒卡簧washing pipe packing box spring clampB型钳牙 die for type B tong内六角接头 inner six angle joint大小头 crossover弯头 bent joint接箍 coupling三通 tee闸阀 gate valve球阀 ball valve挡板阀 baffle valve绳卡clamp冷水嘴 cock元钉nail挡板阀plate valve花兰螺栓 bolt油壬盘根union packing凡尔导向套 valve guiding socket水龙头冲管盘根 washing pipe packing油封oil sealer地脚螺栓 bolt压板 press board管卡 clamp荧光灯管fluorescence lamp电工踏板 footplate铜钻开口鼻 pigtail防爆组合开关combination switch电吹风 electric blower数字万用表Digital Universal Meter钳型电流表 Clamp Type Electric Current Meter 转速测量仪 Rotate Speed Survey Instrument数字电感电容仪表 digital capacity instrument相序表Phase-Order indicator三角带 triangle belt直钻 straight drill手用丝攻threader元板牙 screw plate硼砂 dorax高性能结构AB胶 AB rubber防紫外线眼镜UV proof glasses不锈钢球阀 ball valve螺栓带帽bolt & nut异径三通 different diameter tee链条 chain活塞杆 piston rod液压钳牙hydraulic dieB型大钳 B type tong花纹板 steel plate薄板 sheet metal中板 median plate水银灯lamp防爆投光灯 explosion-proof lamp防爆灯具 explosion-proof lamps and lanterns 液压软管总成 hydraulic hose assembly防爆排风扇 explosion-proof exhaust fan中压石棉橡胶 mid-pressure asbestos rubber锂基脂 lithium base grease套管密封脂casing sealing grease钻具螺纹脂 drill tools screw thread grease 转盘棕垫 mat for rotary table抬杠 shoulder pole电动卷绳器 electric power spooler油水管路配件箱 pipe loop spare parts捞砂钢丝绳 steel wire rope开口扳手 type opening spanner喇叭口及并帽bell-moutted adupfer and pich nut 耐磨方补芯anti-friction bushing钻杆钩drilling pipe hook猫头钩 hooklet,cathead大三爪 big snatcher小三爪small snatcher短节 sub双头倒齿管 king double-ends king napple 单头倒齿管 single-end king napple撬杠 steel stick连接板 connecting board连接销 connecting pin大钳尾绳tail rope二层台逃生装置 escape device for monky board液压提升机配件箱 hydraulic lifting machine spare parts防溢管overflow-proof pipe起架大绳 wire line for litting mast钻头盒drill breaker堵塞器 plug扩孔方瓦casing bushing扩孔方瓦casing bushing吊卡 elevator套管吊钳casing tong套管吊卡 casing elevator多片式卡瓦mult-piece slip卡瓦 slip安全卡瓦safety slip堵塞器皮碗 rubber cup,plug耐磨扶正器 anti-friction stabilizer旁通阀side-way valve投入式正回阀 valve上旋塞upper kelly cock下旋塞 lower kelly cock valve小补芯 kelly-bushing捞杯fishing cup卡瓦捞筒slip fishing cartridge反循环打捞兰 contrary circulating fishing basket 强磁 magnet安全接头safety joint磨鞋 mill shoes磨鞋捞杯 mill shoes fishing cup大头公锥 big head fishing tap 母锥 box tap整体式提升短节whole lifting sub屈性长轴 flexible extend shaft 地面震击器surfacejar地脚螺栓 foundation bolts缓冲器buffer双面法兰doublesided flange压力表法兰flange pressure gange 五通 five way union试压堵头(法兰) test pressure outer union jam考克 cock震击由壬 hammer union侧门盘根 side door packing换向阀 conversion valve先导阀 leading valve气源压力表air pressure gauge 气源管线 air pipeline快速接头quick sub压力传感器 pressure indicator位置变速器position transmission开口扳手 opening spanner 手动节流阀manual choke valve航杆 navigate haulm接触器 contactor二位旋扭switch转换开关 switch松香 rosin焊锡膏 Soldering Tin cream焊锡丝 soldering tin line扎带strap50CM开口鼻 pig tail二极管diode风机 air machine热缩管heat shrink pipe指示灯 indicator light集成电路块printe electric cucirt三端稳集成电路块 printe electric cucirt接线端子 termination继电器relay电容electric capacity三级管triode3孔插座 three hole socket 气焊炬 welding torch铜鼻子copper pig tail钻杆吊卡 DP elevator安装管子 mounting pipe井控系统专用连接电缆specialized connecting cable, well control system 顶驱专用连接电缆 specialized connecting cable, top drive固控系统耐油电缆water oil- proof cable,solid control system钻机井工程用料material for drilling engineering电焊条arc welding管子台虎钳vice for pipe table会筒扳手pipe wrench铸铁焊条casting iron welding rod电钻electric digger喷漆枪painting gun焊炬welding torch割炬scalpel torch活动扳手moving wrench内六角扳手inner six angle wrench游杆卡尺trevalling calipers钢丝钳wire cutter电笔electrical pen光咀钳combination pliers挡圈钳block circle tong小剪刀small scissors管子割刀片pipe cutter reamer管子扳手pipe wrench割咀cutting torch砂纸sand paper电工刀electric knife塞尺feeler gauge内外卡inernal & external calipers泥浆阀门mud valve石棉扭绳asbestos wring rope石棉盘根asbestos set base杆锡pole tin乙炔管acetylene pipe手提式砂轮机portable grinding wheel machine抗震压力表pressure indicator双刻度抗震压力表double scale pressure万用表multimeter乙炔减压器acetylene reductor氧气减压气oxygen reductor压力表pressure meter普压表general pressure meter兆欧表MEG meter电阻测试仪resistance test instrument铝水平尺aluminium level ruler粗三角锉wide triangle file粗平锉wide smooth file中半元锉file粗中半元锉smooth file什棉锉file机油内芯machine oil inner core套筒扳手box spanner梅花扳手ring spanner汽油喷灯gasolene blowtorch柴油喷灯diesel blowtorch液压压线钳hydraulic cable tong平焊法兰flange乙炔胶管acetylene plastic tube空气滤芯air filter柴油滤芯diesel filter机油滤芯machine oil filter油漆刷oil-painting brush焊锡膏soldering tin ointment平口起子screwdriver梅花起子cross screwdriver石棉内芯astestos inner core聚光灯泡focus bulb低压避雷器low-pressure lightning arrestor 电烙铁electric iron丝扣灯头lamp卡扣灯头lamp卡扣灯泡lamp丝扣灯泡lamp防暴照明灯泡explosion-proof floodlight bulb 空气开关air switch探照灯searchlight丝扣开关screw switch防爆灯具explosion-proof lamps and lanterns 尼龙扎带nylon strip多用插板multi flashboard交流接触器AC contact instrument防爆按钮explosion-proof press button黄腊带belt热缩器pyrocondensation instrument绝缘手套insulation glove低压压力开关low pressure switch光流立式压力表Pressure Meter充油背式压力表Pressure Meter油水滤芯water/oil filter core兰型皮带belt黑胶布black adhesive plaster高压胶布high pressure adhesive plaster塑料带plastic strip热缩管contract tube氧气管oxygen pipe塑料安全帽plastic safety cap毛巾towel生料带belt电焊手套electric welding gloves电焊黑玻璃electric welding black glass电焊白玻璃electric welding white glass电焊面罩electric welding mask应急灯emergency lamp钢丝绳wire line中压石棉橡胶板Asbestos heliotype平板胶皮flat hose夹布输水胶管feeding Rubber Pipe白棕绳palm rope铁丝steel wire缸套cylinder防爆电动机explosion-proof electromotor离心式清水泵centrifugal water pump潜水式排污dive type waste discharge活动弯头带由壬curved c/w union活塞piston由壬union活塞皮碗piston rubber cup软管总成hose assembly滚子方补芯kelly bushing砂泵盘根sand pump packing自浮式单点测斜仪single-point angle measuring device 旋转凡尔体rotary valve body凡尔螺母valve nut闸阀gate valve光平垫gasket弹簧垫Spring Gasket光六角螺栓bolt靠背轮胶皮rubber sheet冲管盘根盒Washpipe Packing box气胎pneumatic tyre链钳Chain Wrench管钳pipe tong八角锤sinker螺旋千斤顶Screw Jack单轮铁滑车pulley黄油枪Grease Gun双头呆扳手stud dead spanner断线钳thread-cut wrench手摇油泵manual oil pump电焊钳electric welding wrench活动扳手adjustable spanner钢锯弓steel saw bow电钻electric drill钳工锤sinker钢锯条steel saw blade剥线钳Peel Wire Cutter钢卷尺steel tapeline两用扳手double-function spanner铜焊条copper welding rod钢丝刷steel thread brush管子割刀片blade方铲shovel斜口钳clamp自耦减压起动器pressure-reduce starter 独角灯管tube旋转凡尔座rotary valve seat德瑞克线性筛网derrick screen螺杆压缩机油screw compressor oil铜芯塑料线copper core cable移动电缆floating cable塑料安全帽plastic satety helmet紫铜管copper pipes手推车barrow葫芦windlass台虎钳table vice钢钎steel bar管钳pipe pliers电焊软线electric welding line铝芯塑料线aluminium cable手轮调压伐pressure-regulating valve复位组合调压伐pressure-regulating valve 两用继气器double-function活塞杆piston rod钢套密封圈cylinder seal ring摩檫片scrub plate阀盖密封圈sealing ring for valve head双面封皮器double-side sealer空气包鼓膜air balloon钢丝绳切断器steel wire rope cutter出口排量传感器sensor丝扣自封接头self-sealing joint快速接头joint三通three tee胶杯rubber cup井深扳well depth-board通讯扳communication board数字扳digital board钻台铺板Ⅰdrilling-floor plank Ⅰ浮阀float valve钻杆跑道3 catwalk NO.3井控管排架pipe rack for well-controllingGJF 高压绝热阻燃耐火放喷软管总成GJF high-pressure heat-insulating flame-retarding fire-resistance drainage hose assembly高压胶管high-pressure hose安全链箱safty chain case气动试压泵pneumatic testing pump防喷器吊装装置BOP suspending device大钩hook钻杆动力钳箱drilling pipe power tongs电缆槽cable tray立式搅拌器agitator油水管排架oil-water pipe rock钻台左支架left support of drill floor钻铤吊卡DC elevator放喷管线flow out pipe钻杆跑道1 catwalk NO.1电缆槽及过桥cable tray & truck pass-way接地柱ground pole铜线鼻子pigtail高压管和分配器high pressure pipe & distribution游车travelling block泥浆泵悬臂吊suspending device, mud pump泥浆滤子filter, mud pump灯架light rack扶梯及栏杆lader & handrail走道板slidewalk走道板撑杆support, slidewalk泥浆搅拌器agitator补液泵tripe pump。

工业产业英语短句English:"Industrial production involves a variety of processes, including manufacturing, assembly, and distribution. Efficiency is key in maximizing output while minimizing costs. Quality control measures ensure that products meet standards and customer expectations. Supply chain management plays a crucial role in coordinating the flow of materials and resources. Innovation drives progress, with companies constantly seeking new technologies and methods to improve productivity and competitiveness. Collaboration among different stakeholders fosters synergy and innovation. Environmental sustainability is increasingly important, with industries adopting green practices to reduce their ecological footprint. Adapting to market demands and regulatory changes is essential for long-term success in the industrial sector."中文翻译:"工业生产涉及各种流程，包括制造、装配和分销。

和製英語造语* アフターサービス（A fter+Service）：售后服务、服务* ウインカー（Winker）：指挥灯、转向灯、转弯灯* オーダーメイド（Order+Made）：度身订做，即叫即做* オートバイ（Auto+Bike）：摩托车、机车、电自行车* オープンカー（Open+Car）：开蓬车* オフィスレディー（O ffi c e+Lady）：办公室女职员* ガードマン（Guard+Man）：保安员、看更、护卫员* ガソリンスタンド（Gasoline+S tand）：加油站* ガッツポーズ（Guts P ose）意思为胜利姿势（victory pose）。

一说来自拳手ガッツ石松，二说来自“ガッツボウリング”保龄球杂志。

* キャッチボール（Catch+Ball）：投球及接球游戏* キャンピングカー（Camping+Car）：流动汽车房屋* グループサウンズ（G roup+Sounds）：m od-rock group、团队声音* グレードアップ、バージョンアップ（Grade+Up、Version+Up）：升级、更新* ゲームセンター简称ゲーセン（G ame+Center）：游戏机中心、机铺* コインランドリー（Coin+Laundry）：投币式洗衣机* ゴールデンアワー、ゴールデンタイム（Golden+Hour、Golden+Time）：指晚上七时至十时的一段黄金时段* コンセント（Concent）：o 电插座（装在墙角位置的）o 电插头（从电器伸出的）o ※有说来自“concentrate”（集中）或者“concentric plug”（同心插头）二字。

* サイドブレーキ（Side+Brake）：手煞、手掣* サインペン（Sign+P en）：水笔、箱头笔* サンドバッグ（Sand+Bag）：（练习拳击用的）沙包、沙袋* ジーパン（Jeans+P ant）：牛仔裤* ジェットコースター（J et+Coaster）：云霄飞车、过山车* シルバーシート（Silver+Seat）：优先座位* スーツアクター（Suit+Actor）：（无直接对应字）好萊塢、スパッツタイツ(S parts+tight) ：短绑腿* スリーサイズ（Three+Size）：三围* デッドボール（D ead+Ball）：（棒球的）触身球、死球* ダウンロードオンリーメンバー（Download+Only+Member）：隐形人、潜水（指一些在网上论坛内只顾下载，不会作出交谈没有贡献的人）* チアガール（Cheer+Girl）：啦啦队队长* テクノポップ（T echno+P op）：电子音乐* デコレーションケーキ（Decoration+Cake）：装饰蛋糕* テレビゲーム（T elevi+Game）：电视游戏机、电玩* ドライブイン（Dri v e+In）：公路休息站（或站内的商店）* トレーニングパンツ（Training+P ant）简称トレパン：运动练习穿着用的长裤o ※"training pants"原意是指幼儿使用的学习裤。

英汉非织造布专业词汇在此收集的大部分词汇是在翻译非织造布专业文献,特别是美国《非织造布工业》月刊中遇到的不太熟悉的词汇。

非织造布专业是一个跨行业的边缘学科,因此,有关文献涉及纺织、造纸、塑料、机械、电气、医学等领域。

为了便于阅读,广收在此。

这些词汇有待专家确切定义。

Aabsorb吸收absorbent有吸收能力的absorbent core吸水芯材acquisition layer(卫生巾)集液层acrylicester emulsion丙烯酸酯乳液activated carbon活性碳activated charcoal filter活性碳过滤器adhesion tension附着强度adhesive粘接剂adult diapers成人失禁垫aerodynamic空气动力学的aesthetic fabric美观的布品aesthetics美学affordable买得起的affordability买力after treatment后处理ageing resistance耐老化性agriculture农业A I DS艾滋病air bridge空气桥air laid气流成网air porosity气孔率air through热风法all-in-one全合一aluminosilicate-based fiber 铝硅酸盐玻璃纤维angiography血管造影术anisotropy各向异性annual growth年增长率antiadherent film防粘膜anti-crease抗皱antistatic finish防静电处理APE(alkyl phenol ethoxylate)烷基酚乙氧基化物aperture网眼(布)appearance外观applicator涂胶机apparel服装apron围裙aqueous liquid水溶液aquarium filter养鱼缸过滤器area bonding面积粘合artificial leather substrate 人造革基布attenuation钝化,变细automation control自动化控制automobile carburetor汽车汽化器automobile interior汽车内装饰automotive headliner汽车车头衬里automotive carpet汽车用毯Bbaby diaper婴儿尿布baby wipe婴儿擦拭巾back sheet底衬bacteriaproof防菌bacteriophage噬菌体bale棉包barb(刺针)倒钩barrier阻挡层barrier-seal medical garment 密封阻挡层医用服装base cloth基布basis weight布品单位重量batt棉胎batteries电池组battery separator电池分隔层beater打浆机bedding床上用品,被褥betagauge测试仪beverage饮料bias斜线bib小儿围涎bicomponent fiber双组分纤维bilirubin胆红素birth rate出生率blanket毯子bleaching漂白bleachplant漂白厂blending混合bloodborne pathogen以血液为载体的病原菌blood spread血液散布blouse罩衫body cavities体腔bond area粘合面积bonded-face fabric面粘合布品bonded mat粘合纤维网bonded web粘合纤维网bonded yarn fabric纱线粘合布品bonding粘合bonding pattern粘合样式bonding pressure粘合压力bonding roll pattern粘合辊式样bonding temperature粘合温度bond point粘合点bottom layer(复合纤维)底层bottom line基线brand recognition品牌识别Breaking elongation断裂伸长Breaking strength断裂强度breaking stretchability断裂拉伸性breathability透气性Brownian movement布朗运动bulk松密度bulk melting system整体熔融系统burn烧痕burst strength撕裂强度Ccable wrap电缆包布calendering压光,轧制capillary force gradient毛管力梯度card梳理carded web梳理成网cardiovas cularsurgery心血管手术caregiver保育员carpet backing地毯基布carpet tile铺地地毯块CBR puncture(DIN54307)圆盘夹平面顶破压力试验穿刺CD(cross direction)布品(横向)cellulose acetate fiber醋酸纤维素纤维cellulose fiber纤维素纤维cellulose wadding纤维素填絮challenge挑战challenge tracer挑战示踪剂charring烧焦chemical binder化学粘合剂chemical bonding化学粘合chemical finishing化学后整理chemical resistance耐化学特性chemical stability化学稳定性chemical-to-fiber process化学成纤工艺child care保育clay粘土cleaning除杂cleanroom净化车间clinical experience临床经验clothlike仿棉布coastal protection work海岸防护工程coast line海岸线coated涂浆的coefficient of friction摩擦系数coherent bonded web粘接纤维网cohesive soil粘性土壤cold compress plaster base material冷压膏基材料collision碰撞coloration着色comfort舒适comforter盖被commercial wipe商用擦拭巾commitment of large capital expenditures大量资本开支投commodity商品compacting machine(打包)压实机comparative aesthetic property比较美学性competition竞争composite materia复合材料composite structure复合结构compressive force压缩力conductive shoe cover导电性鞋套conformable顺从consolidation凝固constituent fiber组成纤维contact anglemeter接触角测试仪containment遏制continuous filament长丝continuous travelling screen 连续移动筛网coordinated bedding set配套床上用品copolymer共聚物core芯材coreless无芯材的corrugated cardboard box瓦楞纸板箱cosmetic化妆品cost-effective有成本效益的cotton-rich富含棉花的(70%棉,30%涤纶)coverall连裤工作服cover factor覆盖系数cover gown遮挡罩衣coverstock(卫生巾、尿布)包布crease-resist finishing防皱整理creativity创造性crimp卷曲crimped bulking fiber卷曲膨松纤维criteria准则cross contamination交叉污染cross direction横向cross-laid webs交叉铺置纤网cross lapper交叉(折叠)铺网机cross-laying交叉铺网cross-laying process交叉铺网工艺crosslinked交联的cross-over重叠交叉cross section截面积cross-web profile纤网横向剖面crotch area裤裆,两腿交叉部位crystalline quartz fiber结晶石英纤维cystoscopy膀胱镜Dday care I.D.(儿童)日托标志degradation降解de-inked paper去除油墨的纸delta三角洲denier旦数(纤度单位)dental口腔科deposition沉积diagnostic procedure诊断过程dialysis drape透析帘diaper elastic尿布松紧带diaperless不戴尿布diaper machine尿布机diaper rash尿布皮疹die喷丝板die assembly模具diffusion扩散dimensional stability尺寸稳定性diminish递减dip bonding浸渍粘合法directional定向的direct polymer to web system 聚合物直接成网discard丢弃discharge排放discontinuous filament不连续丝disentanglement解缠disposable用即弃的disposable apparel用即弃服装disposable diaper用即弃尿布disposable masks and respirators用即弃面具和呼吸器dissipate消散,耗散diversity差异性down-web profile纵向纤网剖面drainage composite system 排水复合系统Drain sponge引流纱布drape(手术室里)消毒被单，消毒盖布drapery帐,帘drawing牵伸dressing sponge包扎纱布dry cleaning fastness耐干洗牢度dry feel滑爽感drying烘燥drylaid干法成网durability耐用性dust cage尘笼dyeing染色dynamics动态Eeasy pelf-opening(包装袋)方便开孔elasticated mob cap带松紧的帽子elastic bandage弹性绷带elastomeric properties弹胶性elastomeric thread弹力松紧带elastomeric web弹胶性纤网elderly population老年人口electrostatic laid静电法成网elongation to break断裂伸长embossing凹凸轧花embossing roller轧花辊筒emergency room急诊室endoscopic内窥镜的end product最终产品engraved roll雕刻辊environmental friendliness 与环境友好的EPA(US EnvironmentalProtection Agency)美国国家环境保护局ergodynamics人机动力学ergonomics人机工程学erodible易受冲蚀的erosion冲蚀European Pharmaco peas Standards欧洲药典标准exhume发掘expenditure消耗extruder挤出机extrusion挤出Ffabric advance per stroke每一针刺行程布品移动量fabric basis weight布品基本重量fabric filter media布品过滤介质fabric softener sheet含有织物软化剂的片材facewear面具,面罩fake fur人造毛皮fashion apparel流行时装fastening tape扣紧带fatal致命的fecal粪便feminine care妇女用品feminine hygiene妇女卫生巾feminine hygiene application 妇女卫生巾应用fenestration(耳科手术)开窗术fiber arrangement纤维排列fiber clump纤维束fiber crimp纤维卷曲fiber denier旦数(纤度单位)fiber density纤维密度fiber diameter纤维直径fiberfill web填丝纤网fiber fineness纤维细度fiber geometry纤维几何形状fiberglass mat玻璃纤维垫fiber orientation纤维取向fiberous filter media纤维状过滤介质fiber strength纤维强度fiber-to-fiber contact纤维间接触fiber-to-fiber frictional properties纤维间摩擦特性fiber-to-fiber fusion纤维间融合fiber tuft纤维簇fiber type纤维类型fiber web纤(维)网fibrillate原纤化fibrillation原纤化filament长丝filament area bonding长丝热熔粘接法filament sheet长丝片材fiscal year财政年度,会计年度flame retardancy阻燃性flame retardant chemicals阻燃化学品flame retardant finishing阻燃整理flammability可燃性flexibility柔韧性floorcovering地板覆盖材料floor personal一线工人fluffless diaper无短纤尿布fluff pulp绒毛浆fluidproof防液体渗漏foam-to-fabric process泡沫成布法folding eqiupment折叠设备Food service wipe食品专用擦拭巾Food soaker pad食品浸渍垫footwear鞋袜类fomaldehyde甲醛foster鼓励fray绽裂Full span moisture analyzer 全量程水分分析Full time nurse专职护士Functional fabric功能织物Functional group官能团functionality功能性furniture家具fusion融合GGamma gauge伽马射线仪gauze纱布geotextile土工布geotextile filter土工过滤材料glass microfiber玻璃微纤glass transition玻璃化转变glazed surface轧光表面glued-in浸胶式gown罩衣grab strength(ASTM D4632)抓样强力grade specification等级规格granular super absorbent polymer颗粒状超级吸水聚合物gravel砾石groin腹股沟GUI(graphical user inter face)图形用户接口Hhalf time半场hand feeling手感health care保健heat bonding热粘合heat conductivity热传导性heat setting bonding热定形粘合Heavy weight重型hepatitis virus肝炎病毒herbicides除锈剂heritage遗产,传统heterofil filament异质丝high density polyethylene高密度聚乙烯high-duty flow-throughdryer大型直通式烘燥机higher melting fiber高熔点纤维higher melting polymer高熔点聚合物highloft高膨松的highper formance高性能high pressure water jet高压水喷嘴hightech fiber高技术纤维high value-added高附加值的HIV(human immunodeficiency virus)艾滋病病毒home furnishings家具布horticulture园艺学hosiery袜类hot air drying热风烘燥hot calendering热轧光hot flue dryer热风烘燥机hot melt laminator热熔层压机hot melt system热熔系统hospital-acquired infectio n 医院得的传染病hospital sheet医院用床单household application家庭应用household items家庭用品housew rap家用毯子hybrid混杂物hydraulic entanglement水力缠结法hydraulic properties水力特性hydrogen-bond氢键hydrogen bonding氢键键合hydrophilic亲水的hydrophobic疏水的hyg ienic finishing卫生整理hyperbilirubinemia高胆红素血Iice replacement换冰image analysis software图像分析软件imbalance不平衡immobilization固定不动immunodeficiency免疫缺陷impair损害impregnated浸渍的impregnating bonding浸渍粘合法impregnation浸渍incision(手术)切口incont inence underpad失禁垫industrial dedusting工业除尘industrial tex tile产业用纺织品industr ial wipe工业用擦拭巾indwelling dev ice(手术)留置装置inertia惯量inertial impaction惯性碰撞infant婴幼儿infant diaper幼儿尿布infant training pant幼儿训练裤infection contro l goods控制传染用品infrared drying红外线烘燥infrared sensor红外传感器ingenuity精巧in redient配料inhospital patient days病人住院天数initial modulus初始模量innovation创新inpatient admission kit住院病人入院用品inplane flow面内滑动instability不稳定性integrated process组合工艺intensity强度interception交叉interfiber bonding force纤维间粘合力interfiber entanglement纤维间缠结interfiber fr iction纤维间摩擦interfolder中间折叠机interlining衬里interlocking(纤维)缠合intersperse分散,点缀intimate apparel内衣intr avenous catheter静脉导管intr insic properties固有特性investigation调查irregular不规则的irrigation灌溉irritation刺激(皮肤)发炎island in the sea matrix fiber 海岛式基质纤维isolated testing隔离试验isolation ward隔离病房isophthalic acid异肽酸isotactic全同立构isotropy各向同性Jjaundice黄疸judicious明智的,审慎的jumbo bag大袋子Llab co at实验室工作服labour intensive劳动密集型的laminated层压的laminate层压片材lap棉卷laparotomy剖腹术laparoscopy腹腔镜检查laser激光latex胶乳latex bonding胶乳粘合laydown铺网leading brand领先品牌leak proof防漏leg cuff裤腿翻边leg elastics(长统袜)袜口橡筋level wind匀整卷绕life cycle生命周期light stability光稳定性lightweight web轻质纤网linear low density polyethylene线性低密度聚乙烯lint fr ee不起绒lint residue棉绒残余liquid bar rier液体阻挡层liquid penetr at ion液体渗透liquid repellency液体排斥liquid wicking液体吸取longevity长寿lower melting polymer低熔点聚合物low Oformaldehyde低甲醛含量lucrative可赢利的lump团块Mmachine direction纵向magic towel(遇水变大的)魔术毛巾mandate命令manOmade f iber人造纤维mar ine clay海洋粘土mar ket penetration市场渗透率mar ket shar e市场份额mask面具,口罩mat lining垫衬材mattress褥垫MD(machine direct ion)(布品)纵向mechanical bonding机械粘合法mechanical drawing process 机械牵伸法mechanical finishing机械后整理mechanical needling机械针刺mechanical properties机械特性medical bandage医用绷带medical dressing医用绷带medical establishments医疗机构medical eyepad医用眼垫medical gauze医用纱布medical mask医用口罩medical nonwovens医用非织造布medical supplies医疗用品medical swab医用拖把medical wrap医用包布melding熔合meltblown熔喷法meltblown web熔喷纤网meltObonded web热熔粘合纤维网melter熔胶器melting point熔点menswear男服metering pump计量泵MFI(melt f low index)熔融流动指数microbreak细微断丝microdenier细旦microfiber微细纤维micro fine glass fiber微细玻纤microor ganism微生物microporous polyolefin membrane微孔聚烯烃薄膜microw ave absorbing product微波吸收制品microw ave moisture monitor 微波水分监视仪miction排尿migration泳移mob cap松紧帽modular equipment模块设备modulus模量moisture水分molycular by molycular examination逐个分子检验molecular weight distribution 分子量分布monofilament单丝monolit hic membrane单片薄膜monomer单体mor phology形态学mouldability可塑性multibonded binding多重粘合multi module application多头成形机multi national links多国网络MVTR(moistur e v apor transmission rate)湿气传透率Nnapping起绒nasal analysis嗅觉分析NBC(nuclear/biolog ical/ chemical)protective apparel核工业、生物工程、化工用防护服needlebonding针刺结合法needle felt针刺毡needlepunched针刺法needlepunching针刺needling bo nding针刺结合法NET(nonwovens engineering technology)非织造工程技术neurolo gical神经病学的niche领域Non Contact/Non Wear ultr asonic bonding无接触、无磨损超声波粘合nondirectional无定向的non irritating无刺激性的nonisotropic非各向同性non negotiable无商议余地的nonwoven fabr ic softener富含软化剂的非织造布片材nonwovens非织造布,无纺布Nonwovens Industry!非织造布工业nonwovens matr ix非织造布基体nonwovens towel非织造布毛巾nozzle喷嘴nursing home小型疗养院nylon尼龙Oopacity不透明odor嗅味offset抵消,补偿oil spill absorber溅油吸收材料one-step manufactur ing process一步法生产工艺opener开包机opening开松operating room手术室ophthalmic眼科的optical proper ties光特性order of mag nitude数量级orientation定向oriented web定向纤维网orthog onal相互垂直的orthopedic矫形术orthopedic padding矫形术用纱布块ostomy bag filter造口术袋形过滤器outdoor clothing户外服装outpatient门诊病人own-label mar ket采用自己商标的市场o xidat ion氧化作用Ppackaging包装pallet码垛盘pant diaper裤样尿布pants裤子panty shield裤裆垫布pantistocking连袜裤paper-like纸一样的手感papermaking造纸paper pulp纸浆,浆粕patient room utensil病房用具patter n roll雕花辊pediatric儿科performance性能pesticides杀虫剂PET(polyethylene ter ephthalate)聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯phosphorus-based flame r etardant磷基阻燃剂pillow case枕套pilot plant中试装置planar-isotropic平面各向同性plastic pellet塑料粒料point bond点粘合point bonding点粘合polybag塑料袋polyester涤纶polyethylene terephthalate 聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯polymer聚合物polymer-to-fabric process 聚合物成布工艺polypropylene聚丙烯polyurethane聚氨酯polyviny lalcohol fiber聚乙烯醇纤维poresize孔径po rosity孔隙度post-consum erwaste resin消费者用过的废树脂powder bonding粉末粘合poer-to-weight ratio功率-重量比PP(po lypropy lene)聚丙烯premature baby早产婴儿premoistened to welettes湿纸巾pressure drop压力降primary health care初级保健processability加工性能productivity生产率pro tecti ve apparel防护服puncture resi stance耐针刺Rradiant dryer辐射烘燥机railroad track absorbent matting铁轨减震垫randoen tangled web无定向缠结纤网random-laid web无定向纤网random shock无规电击random web无规纤网Rando w ebber兰多成网机rayon粘胶丝recovery复原regenerated fiber再生纤维reinforcement fabric(加厚)增强布品resiliency properties弹性resistance to tear propagation 抗扯裂传播retraction strength收缩强度retractive force收缩力reusables可重复使用的(布品)rheological characteristics流变特性robe长袍roll good卷材roofing屋面材料roofingm embrane屋面防水材料(油毡)roofing sheet屋面防水材料(油毡)Ssafety apparel安全服sandiwich structure夹层结构sanitary napkin卫生巾SAP(superabsorbent polymer)超级吸水聚合物saturating-bonding饱和浸渍粘合法saturation bonding饱和浸渍粘合scrubdress清洁工服装sealable可密封的sealing machine封口机seam strength密封强度self-bonding(纤网)自身粘合法sem i-durab le textile半耐用性纺织品share force剪切力sheath皮材sheet床单sheet integrity片材完整性shingle压合short cellulose fiber短纸浆纤维shot-free ceramic oxide fiber 无疵氧化陶瓷纤维shrinkage收缩率singeing烧毛skin friendly不伤皮肤的sku(stock keepi ng un its)库存单位slitti ng分切SMS(spunbond-meltblown-spunbond)纺粘-熔喷-纺粘复合工艺soft hand柔软手感softness柔软度soil retardant防污整理剂sonicvelocity声速Spandex氨纶spinneratte喷丝板spinning纺丝splice-free roll免切割布卷split film裂膜法sponge外科用纱布spray bonding喷洒粘合法spray spinning喷纺成形spunbond纺粘法spunbonds纺粘布制品spunbonded nonwovens纺粘法非织造布spunlaced纺络法spun web分丝成网squeezing roller压液辊stability稳定性staff appar el员工服staple fiber短纤维static shock静电电击steam sterilization pack蒸汽消毒组合装置step winding分步卷绕sterile无菌的,消毒的sterile wrap消毒包布stiff刚硬手感stiff structure刚性结构stitchbond缝编法stitchbonder缝编制品厂stitchbonding缝编stress strain curve应力应变关系曲线stretch拉伸strip tensile str ength带材抗张强度submicron fibr il亚微原纤维suede人造麂皮superabsorbent超级吸水材料supermarket chain超市连锁店surface abrasion resistance 表面耐磨性surface activeag ent表面活性剂surface energy表面能surgical drape手术帘surgical footw ear手术鞋袜surgical gown手术罩衣surgical headwear手术帽surgical mask手术口罩surgical table手术台surv ivability耐久性suspension悬浮swelling溶胀swimsuits游泳衣synthetic fiber合成纤维synthetic leat her合成Ttable cover台布tack定位缝合tactile触觉talc云母tea bag泡茶袋tear resistance抗撕裂性tear st rength撕裂强度temperature resistance耐温性tensile st reng th拉伸强度terephthalic acid对苯二酸tex tile like类纺织品therapeutic pr ocedure治疗过程thermal behav ior热力特性thermal bonded热粘合thermal calendering热轧法thermal insulation绝热thermoplastic热塑性thermoplastic elastomer合成橡胶thermoplastic r esin热塑性树脂thermoplastic matrix热塑性基体thickness厚度three dimensions三维through air热风法throughput产量toddler学步的儿童top sheet面材total randomization完全无规化toughness韧性traditional textile fabr ic传统纺织品training pants儿童训练裤transfer layer(卫生巾)液体转移层transpar ent透明的traverse w ind横动卷绕triboelectric property摩擦电特性tri folded sanitary napkin三折卫生巾tri lingual三种文字的trouble free无故障的twist ing加捻Uultrafine超细、超优ultra low formaldehy de超低甲醛含量ultrasonic bonding超声波粘合ultrasonic fabric sealing system超声波布品密封系统ultrasonic fusing超声波熔合ultra thin超薄ultravio let photot herapy紫外线疗法underpad垫子unifo rmity 均匀性unisex单一性别(专用)universal w ind万向卷绕unor iented无定向的unr av eling散开upholstery室内装饰urine尿UV light r esistance抗紫外线UV stabilized green fiber紫外线稳定的绿色纤维Vventuri feed tube文丘里喂入管versatility多样性,通用性vinyl acetate ethylene binder 醋酸乙烯酯粘接剂。