动词不定式的用法（一）
动词不定式的句法功能：动词不定式在句中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语等。
一、作主语：
不定式作主语时，通常表示一个具体的，特定的行为。其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。动词不定式作主语可位于句首。例如：
To live means to create.
To do that sort of thing is stupid.
To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society.
但是当作主语的不定式是较长的短语是，我们通常使用it作形式主语，而将动词不定式置于句末。例如：
It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language.
It was his job to repair bicycles(自行车)
常用it作形式主语，而用动词不定式作实际主语的常用句型有：
1. It is＋adj (＋for sb.／sth.) ＋to do sth.表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。通常表明的是事情对人产生的影响或意义。比如“难易程度、重要性、可能性大小等”。
用于此句型的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising等。
例如：
It is interesting to play this game.
It is necessary for you to change your job.
How rude it was of the boy to jump the queue!
It is friendly of the family to try to make me feel at home in their house.
How silly it was of you to give up such a good chance！
2. It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。通常表示根据事实判断人的品行，特征。如：“聪明，愚笨，明智，错误等”。
注意：这一句型中常用描述不定式的逻辑主语的性格、品质的形容词，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，wise(明智的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。
3.It＋be＋名词＋不定式
用于此句型的名词有：pity, shame, pleasure, one’s duty, one’s job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。例如：
It's our duty to take good care of the old.
What a pity it is for you to have missed such a wonderful film.
It is good manners for the young to give their seats to the old.
It's a shame for you to do such kind of thing.
4. It takes sb.＋some time＋to do sth. 该句型意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”。
例如：
It took us half an hour to ride to the town by bike.
二、作表语
主语和表语同为不定式时，通常主语表示条件，表语表示结果。
如：To see is to believe.
动词不定式作表语常用于以下结构：My wish/ job/ aim/ goal is+不定式以及The next step/ /important thing/problem/measure is +不定式等。例如：
My wish is to be a teacher.
My goal is to pass the college entrance examination(高考，大学入学考试).
The problem is how to get there.
The important thing in life is to have a great aim.(目标)
Your job is to type the papers in the office.
The next measure is to stop the river from being polluted.
☆另外：
A)当主语是一个由what引导的从句时，用作表语的不定式通常是说明what的具体内容的。如：What I want is to go to the park tomorrow.
B)不定式作表语常常用来表示预定要发生的动作，或表示未来的可能性或假设。
如：His greatest wish is to see an end to the war.
All you have to do is (to) finish the job as quickly as possibly.
All I can do is just smile at him and say nothing.
注意：当主语中含有实义动词do的各种形式时，作表语的不定式通常省略“to”.
三、作宾语
许多动词都可和不定式搭配，即这些动词的用法决定了其后接带to的不定式作宾语。有些动词只能接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。而句中的主语常常就是作宾语的不定式的逻辑主语。
常见的只能使用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, choose, decide, hope, fail, wish, refuse, expect, manage, plan, intend, pretend, promise, offer, afford, demand, arrange等。
而常常接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语的动词有：decide,discover,forget,inquire（询问），know,learn,remember,see,settle,think,wonder.
例如：They decided to build a highway between these two cities.
She offered to help me when I was in trouble.
He promised not to tell anyone about it.
I don't decide/know what to do/where to go.
I can't remember what to do.
I forgot how to operate the machine.
注意：当作宾语的不定式是较长的短语，常常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的不定式放到句末去。
常常这样用的动词有believe, think, consider, find,feel, make等动词。
可构成句型“动词+ it +adj. / n+to do sth.”句型，其中使用it作形式宾语，而将真正的
宾语动词不定式置于句末。例如：
I think it necessary for us to have a good rest after the long work.
She felt it her duty to help the old woman.
I find it difficult to understand him.
※四、作介词宾语
动词不定式通常不能用作介词的宾语，但以下两点除外。
1）介词之后可以用“疑问词+不定式”作宾语。
如：He gave me some advice on how to write a good composition(作文).
He talked with me about how to spend the frigid(极寒冷的) winter.
2)以下介词之后常常用不带to的不定式作宾语，特别是当句中的谓语动词为实义动词do的各种形式时，尤其如此。而谓语动词为其他动词时，也可用带to的不定式。
这类介词主要有：
About就要。。。Save除。。。之外
But除了。。。之外Save and expect除。。。之外
Except除。。。之外Than除。。。之外
如：I have done nothing except eat and sleep this week.
I couldn't do anything but wait here.
The enemy(敌人)had no other choice but/than to surrender(投降).
敌人除了投降之外，别无选择。
It had no effort except to make him angry.
除了让他生气外，这起不了任何作用。
在下列短语后，but之后只能跟不带to的不定式。
Do nothing but 只能Cannot but禁不住。。。
Do anything but决不Cannot choose but只得。。。
Cannot help but不得不
如：His father could do nothing but wait for the doctor to arrive.
We would do anything but confess(承认)our guilty.我们决不承认有罪。
She couldn't help but laugh at his clothes.她情不自禁地大笑他的着装。
I cannot but admire(钦佩) his courage.
I could not choose but love her.我不禁爱上了她。
作宾补
不定式作宾补时，其逻辑主语常常就是它前面的宾语。
1)可后接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge(挑战), convince(使信服), dare, drive(驱使), encourage, expect, forbid, force(强迫), hire, instruct(指导), invite, need, order, permit(允许), persuade, require, teach, tell, urge, hear, order, see, want, wish, worn(警告)等。例如：
The doctor advised her not to eat too much sugar.
I wish you to go to the meeting with me.
I persuaded him to give up smoking.
She asked me to stay here.
2)注意：有一类表示见解，看法的动词，如：believe, consider, count, declare, deny, feel, find, guess, imagine, judge, know, prove, realize, suppose, think等动词后常常接to be型不定式作宾补。to be可以省略。例如：
He declared himself （to be）a college student. 他自称是名大学生。
The police proved him （to be ）a thief. 警察局证实他是小偷。
We consider him (to be ) diligent(勤奋的).
☆特别注意hope, demand, suggest等动词不能后接动词不定式作宾补。例如：
【误】I hope my son to be back soon.
【正】I hope my son will be back soon.
【误】She suggests us to have a discussion about it.
【正】She advises us to have a discussion about it.
【正】She suggests that we (should) have a discussion about it.
3)在主动结构中，下列动词后作宾补的动词不定式应省略to：“五看”(see, watch, notice, observe, look at)“三使”(make, let, have)“两听”(hear, listen to)“一感觉”(feel)。例如：His boss made/have/let him work all day long.
I heard him sing in her bedroom.
I saw him play basketball on the playground.
但是，改为被动结构后，应该还原省略的to。例如：
He was seen to break the window.
4)表示好恶的动词+宾语+带to的不定式
如：I like people to tell the truth.
She preferred me to do my job by myself.
I hate him to speak loudly in the classroom.
这类动词主要有：
Dislike不喜欢Like喜欢Prefer更喜欢
Hate讨厌，不喜欢Love喜爱Want想要
5）Know和see的用法
当它们用于主动语态，特别是用于一般过去时或过去完成时，其后的宾语补足语常常可以省略。
如：I have never known him (to) tell a lie(谎言)
I have never known/seen it (to) snow in July before.
I never knew her complain.
我从没听她发过怨言。
注意：当know和see用于被动语态时，必须还原不定式符号to。
如：I have never seen that man (to) smile.
That man has never been seen to smile.
五、作定语
动词不定式作定语，应位于所修饰词语之后，即：作后置定语。被修饰的名词和用作定语的不定式之间可能是逻辑主语，也可以是逻辑宾语的关系。例如：
Have you got anything to eat? (to eat修饰anything，位于其后)
Do you have anything to say/declare(宣布)？
What I want is to get something to do.
1)下列名词后常接动词不定式作定语：ability, attempt, chance, courage, decision, effort, evidence, failure, means, measure, reason, refusal, promise, right,way, wish等。例如：But she gave up the chance to go abroad.
You have no right to speak.
He has the ability to work out the math question.
I have the courage to invite her for dinner.
She has a great wish to to travel around the world.
2)当谓语动词是be, find, get, give, have, need, want等，它们后面的名词（宾语或者表语）常常用不定式修饰。
如：They gave us a week to think the problem over.
Do you have anything more to say?
We found a house to live in.
I need/want a piece of paper to write on.
3)注意：如果需要另外引出作定语的不定式的逻辑主语，可以用介词for+名/代词
如：Mike is the person for me to turn to(求助于) in difficult time.
遇到困难，麦克是我可以向之求助的人。
This is the only point for us to pay attention to.
这就是我们需要给以关注的唯一一点。
4) 如果作定语的不定式为“动词+介词”，介词不可省略。
如：We must find a hotel to live in because it is getting dark.(live in a hotel)
Please give me a piece of paper to write on.(write on a piece of paper)
There are a lot of goods(商品)to choose from.(choose from the goods)
5)由only, first, last, next, only, second以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后，也常接不定式作定语。例如：
Who was the last one to leave the classroom last night?
She was the first girl to come to the party.
He is the only person to know the thing.
This is the best film to be played that year.
这是那年放映的最好的电影。
The cheapest products(商品，产品)to be bought is in that store.
6)在there be句型中，作定语的不定式可以用主动或者被动。
如：There is nothing to worry about/to be worried about.
There is a lot of work to do/be done.
Is there anything to eat?
7) 有些不定式作定语，具有“将来实现”的意义，即不定式动作将在将来发生。
如：The meeting to take place is very important for the company.
即将召开的会议对这个公司极其重要。
The person for you to talk with is the manager.
将和你谈话的人是经理。
六、作状语
动词不定式作状语，可表示目的、原因、结果或条件。
1)作目的状语：不定式的动作稍晚于谓语动词的动作。
如：I must leave now to get there on time.我必须马上动身，以便按时到达那儿。
I am saying this to encourage you.
I store the food in the fridge to keep it fresh.
We went there to see our grandparents.
※A)注意：不定式表示目的时，常常在不定式前面加上in order或so as，构成in order to 或so as to，以突出或强调目的。
如：Many people go to work on foot in order to /so as to lose weight.
I got up so early in order to catch the early bus.
He worked so hard so as to get high salary(薪水).
B)in order to 和so as to 的否定式是在to前面加not，构成in order not to 和so as not to.
He studied in his bedroom so as not be disturbed.
C)in order to既可以放在句首表目的，亦可以放在句中，而so as to 只能放在句中。
In order to catch the early bus, I get up early every day.
=I get up early every day so as to catch the early bus.
2)不定式作结果状语时，总是出现在被修饰的动词之后，并且常用以下结构：
结构中文含义
So+形容词/副词+as to do 如此。。。以致
Such+（形容词+）名词+as to do 如此。。。以致
Enough+名词+to do 足够。。。
名词/形容词/副词+ enough+to do 足够。。。
Too+形容词/副词+to do 太。。。以致不能。。。
如：What have I said to make you so angry?
What have I done to offend you?
They said goodbye, never to meet again.
用so...as...和such...as...引导的结果状语：
He is not so stupid as to do that.他还没用蠢到去做那种事情。
He got up so early as to catch the first bus.
他起的如此早，以致他赶上了头班车。
She is such a beautiful girl as to be liked by people.
He is such a strong boy as to carry that heavy box.
由too...to引导的结果状语，意为“太。。。以致不能。。。”
She is too young to attend school.
The food is too hot to eat.
I am too tired to study any more.
注意：A)如果too 前有all,but,not,only等修饰时，too的意思是“非常、很”，这种情况下，即使too后面跟了不定式，也不含否定意义，不表示结果。
I am not too sad to see them leave.
看到他们离开了，我并不感到很悲伤。
I am not too happy to meet you.
见到你，我并不很高兴。
I am only too pleased to help you.
我十分乐意帮助你。
B)当too和以下形容词连用时，即使其后跟有不定式，也不表示否定，too意为“非常。”
这些形容词有：
Pleased高兴的
Glad高兴的Apt易于。。。
Ready愿意的
Anxious焦急的Willing愿意的
Eager渴望的Kind好心的Inclined倾向于。。。
如：I am too glad to see you.
Food is too apt to go bad in summer.
She is too eager to see you.她很渴望见到你。
The girl is too ready to cry.这个女孩动不动就哭。
由enough引导的结果状语。
注意：enough用来修饰名词时，可以放在名词前面或后面；但是用来修饰形容词或副词时，只能放在其后。
如：He made enough noise/noise enough to wake the dead.
他连死人都要吵醒了。
I don't know him well enough to ask for his help.
He was kind enough to help me.
他十分友善，帮助了我。
☆另外：不定式表示结果时，常常和only连用，暗示一种意外的结果。
如：He worked hard only to fail in the exam.
和努力学习，结果却没有及格。
He rushed to the station only to find the train had left.
He invited the girl for dance only to receive a polite refusal.
3)动词不定式用作原因状语，通常放在谓语之后，表示原因。该状语的时间常常略早于谓语动作发生的时间。
如：They jumped high to hear the news.听到这个消息，他们高兴的跳起来了。
I feel very happy to be praised by my teacher.
I am very sorry to hear that.（原因）
The boy was shocked to see his girlfriend walk hand in hand with another boy.
4)动词不定式用作条件状语。此时，不定式位于句首，句末皆可。
如：She will be glad to hear the news.
He would be stupid not accept her advice.
To look at him, you could not help laughing.
如果看看他，你就会禁不住笑起来。
5）不定式用作方式状语。此时，不定式前面常常有as if，as though，表示比喻关系。如：He raised his hand as if to stop the car.
She opened her mouth as though to speak.
她张开嘴，好像要说话似的。
高中英语动词不定式用法大全(名师总结必考语法知识点，值得下载) 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to pla nt trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介
词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
动词不定式的用法有哪些？ 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用,同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是：to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。现就以下几方面介绍如下: 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, expect,plan,begin,start,ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如：I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。 如：Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不定式有时和一连接代（副）词一起构成宾语。 如：I don’t know what to say.我不知道说什么。 3. 不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： （1）在固定词组had better之后。注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如：You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 （2）在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear,have等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如：I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see y ou come in. 我没看见你进来。 （3）在引导疑问句的why not之后。Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省略，可以用来提出建议或劝告。 如：Why not take a holiday?=Why don’t you take a holiday？ 为什么不休个假呢? （4）不定式动词在介词but, except, besides后面时，如这些介词前有实义动词do的各种形式，则后接不带to的不定式，否则带to。 如：I have no choice but to accept the fact. 除了接受这个事实我别无选择。What do you like to do besides swim? 除了游泳你还喜欢做什么？ （5）为了避免重复，不定式可省去to。 如：I’m really puzzled what to think or say. 对于想什么或说什么，我真
动词不定式用法归纳 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如： To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．（Lesson 10）． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或 It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。 2．作宾语 a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。 attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange 安排 mean意欲，打算 begin开始 expect期望 appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿 care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉，遗憾 choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许 start 开始 undertake承接 want想要 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 contrive设法，图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找，寻觅 try试图 b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk． 当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． 点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3．作宾语补足语 a．下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使 allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿 announce
动词不定式的用法讲解 一、动词不定式： 构成：to + 动词原形（to只是不定式符号，没有意义） 动词不定式作主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末。 1.It + is/was+形容词+(for sb.) +动词不定式 To learn English well is useful. = It’s useful to learn English well.学好英语是有用的。 To protect environment is important for us. = It’s impor tant for us to protect environment.对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。 2. It is / was + kind / good/ nice/ clever + of sb. + 动词不定式 It’s very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真的太聪明啦。 3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花费某人…时间) 4.It is a good idea to do sth. 作宾语 1.常见的跟不定式作宾语的动词有： want to do sth. decide to do sth. hope to do sth. plan to do sth. offer to do sth. agree to do sth. learn to do sth try to do sth prefer to do sth promise to do sth. need to do sth. expect to do sth. 2. 主语+ find / think + it +形容词+ (for sb.) + to do I find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语和容易的。 He felt it hard to sleep.他觉得很难入睡。 I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。 We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。 3.特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语 Can you tell me how to get to the post office? I didn’t know what to do next.
动词不定式用法大全 英语动词的非谓语形式为三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to 不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To say is to believe.眼见为实。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语：（在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。） 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一
动词不定式的基本用法 一、概述 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。其形式如下：（主动形式） ◆一般式（not）to do 一般现在时表示的动词有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 He seems to know this. 我希望再见到你。_____________________________________________________ ◆完成式（not）to have done 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 He seems to have caught a cold. 很抱歉给你带来这么多的麻烦。____________________________________________ ◆进行式（not）to be doing 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 他假装在学习。_______________________________________________________________ 二、动词不定式的语法功能 （一）作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 ____________________________________________________________________ ★常用的动词有afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, decide, bother, care, choose, come, dare, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope, fail, happen, help, learn, long（渴望）, mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wish… 2）动词+疑问词+ to Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
动词不定式的用法荟萃 不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】 To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到 谓语的后面。 【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中： a) It is＋形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish,
inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) ＋不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.
英语动词不定式大全 动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句中起的是名词。形容词或副词的作用,可在句子中作主语。宾语。定语。状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是"to +动词原形",但to有时要省去。动词不定式在具体运用时,用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法: 一。带to的不定式结构 1.我们学过的能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like ,love, stop, go, come 等。 2.动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。例如: Jim told me not to wake up Kate.吉姆告诉我别叫醒凯特。 二。不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式: 1.在固定词组had better之后。注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。例如: You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。 It's cold outside. You'd better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。 2.在let,make,see, feel, watch,hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如: I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn't see you come in.我没看见你进来。 3.在引导疑问句的why not之后。 "Why not+不带to的不定式"是Why don't you do…的省略,可以用来提出建议或劝告。例如: Why not go with us。为什么不和我们一起去呢。 Why not take a holiday。=Why don't you take a holiday。为什么不休
省略to的动词不定式用法归纳 一、使役动词与to的省略 当不定式用于let, make, have等使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式必须省略to。如： Let me have another cup of tea.给我再来一杯茶。 She had him dig away the snow.她让他把雪挖走。 They made him tell them everything.他们强迫他把一切全告诉他们。 但是，当使役动词用于被动语态时，其后的不定式则必须要带to。如： 他被迫一天工作20小时。 误：He was made work twenty hours a day. 正：He was made to work twenty hours a day. 注意，表示使役意义的let和have很少用于被动语态。 另外注意，force, oblige等虽然也表示“使”，但它们后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须带to。如： They forced her to sign the paper.他们强迫她在文件上签字。 The law obliged parents to send their children to school.法律要求父母送子女上学。 考例： 1.The teacher forbade ________ our seats. https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc8965921.html, to leave https://www.doczj.com/doc/bc8965921.html, leaving C.to leave D.to leaving 2.Mary had her friend ________ the best one. A.choose B.chosen C.chose D.to choose 3.The girl was ma de _________ she didn’t love at all. A.marry a man B.to marry a man C.to marry with a man D.married with a man 二、感觉动词与to的省略 当不定式用于表示感觉的动词feel, hear, notice, observe, see, watch, look at, listen to等作宾语补足语时，不定式必须省略to。如： We all felt the house shake.我们都感觉这房子在震动。 I heard him go down the stairs.我听见他下楼了。 Did you notice her leave the house?她离开屋子你注意到了吗? I watched her get into the car.我看着她上了车。 但是，当feel后用作宾语补足语的不定式为to be时，则不能省略to。如：They all felt the plan to be unwise.他们都认为这个计划不明智。 注意，当这些动词变为被动语态时，不定式前的to不能省略。如： They were heard to break a glass in the next door.听见他们在隔壁打破了一个
动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s g ood for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car.他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals.我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start,
非谓语动词之动词不定式（to do）的用法 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要形式有：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。 “to do”动词不定式的变形 动词不定式的用法 充当主语（一般会用it 当形式主语） To swim here is dangerous. = It is dangerous to swim here. To pass this English exam is unlikely. = 充当表语（多数情况下，可以转换成动词不定式做主语） My job is to help with your English learning. To help with your English learning is my job. 充当宾语（只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词的宾语；有时用“it”做形式宾语） I decided to attend this meeting last night. I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意：当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时，只能跟不定式作宾语。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed
充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意：在感官动词／使役动词／help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时，可省略“to”） I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他们争论的整个过程） 但，感官动词后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他们正在争论谁该扫地，并不一定看到了整个过程） 充当状语（目的，原因，结果状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致） I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的状语） I’m sorry to bother you.（原因状语） He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （结果状语，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果） 充当定语（不定式作定语，要放在所修饰的词的后面） I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say There are 3 questions to answer. 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”，有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to 当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）时，通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）
动词不定式的用法总结 动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛，一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。接下来为大家提供了以下：动词不定式的用法总结一 动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形，但to有时要省去。 而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。 现就以下几方面介绍如下。 一、不定式结构 1. 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。 如： I want to go to the movies with you. 我想跟你一起去看电影。 Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave. 在你离开之前别忘了关灯。 注意：动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not，即not to do sth.。
如： Dave told me not to wake up Kate. 大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。 2. 不带to的不定式结构 以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式： (1)在固定词组had better之后。 注意：had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。 如： You had better go home now. 你最好现在回家。 It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out. 外面很冷，你最好不要出去。 (2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后，要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如： I made them give me the money back. 我迫使他们把钱还给我。 I didn’t see you come in. 我没看见你进来。 (3)在引导疑问句的why not之后。 Why not+不带to的不定式是Why don’t you do的省
动词不定式用法 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如：To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。 2．作宾语 a．want，decide ，agree等动词后面跟并且只能跟不定式。如： We agreed to start early． She wants to be a doctor． b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 提示板： 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk．当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别？ d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． 点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3．作宾语补足语 a．tell，ask，want，order，teach，invite，warn，wish，help，get，wish，help等词后面常接不定式作宾补。如： I tell him not to go there by bus ． Edison's mother taught him to read and write． b．let，make，have，see，hear，feel，watch，notice后面接不带to的不定式作宾补。如： The boss makes them work 16 hours a day．I heard her sing in the next room． 提示板：若变成被动语态，在上述结构中，不定式符号to要加上。如： They are made to work 16 hours a day by the boss． She was heard to sing in the next room． 4．作定语：放在被修饰的名词、代词后面 例句：I have a lot of work to do． The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy． 点击规律：动词不定式若在句中作定语，常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。 提示板：如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，若动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘掉介词。如： I have a small bedroom to live in． Have you got some pens to write with？ 5．表语：放在连系动词be后面 例句：His wish is to become a scientist． The first important thing is to save the soldiers' lives． 当务之急是抢救战士们的生命。 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作表语时，通常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。 6．作状语
动词不定式用法 不定式是动词的一种非限定式，它是不受主语的单复数、人称、时态、语态等的限定及影响的一种动词形式。 一、动词不定式的基本结构 动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可不带to。不定式的否定形式是：not to+动词原形。在句中除不能作谓语外，其他成分都可作。如：主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 注意：不定式之前的to（又称为小品词）与介词to的功能不同。介词to之后要接名词或代词的宾格，或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语；而不定式符号to的后面需要跟动词原形。 speak to him (to 是介词) 对他讲话 to speak English (to 是不定式的小品词) 讲英语 二、动词不定式的用法 不定式在句中有各种作用，一般可归类为三种基本用法：作名词，作形容词，作副词。 (一) 不定式作名词的用法 不定式起名词作用，在句子中担当主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语。 ⒈作主语
名词用法的不定式和名词一样，可担任句子的主语。 To grow more trees here is very important. (=It is very important to grow more trees here.) 在这里多种些树是非常重要的。 To hear your voice is so nice. (=It is so nice to hear your voice.) 听到你的声音真高兴。 To speak English well is not easy for me. (=It is not easy for me to speak English.) 把英语说好对我来说并不容易。 To walk to school takes me twenty minutes. (=It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school.) 步行到学校我要花20分钟。 注意：在It is… to…‖的句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式；使用这种结构，可以避免句子的头重脚轻。通常不定式被视为第三人称单数，所以动词用is或was。 It is bad for your eyes to read in the sun. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。 另外，不定式作主语的句子，同时有另外一个不定式作表语时，不能转换成―It is… to…‖的句型。 To see is to believe. (百闻不如一见。) 不能转换为：It is to believe to see. 2.作表语
动词不定式（the infinitive）的基本用法 动词不定式 1. “not/never to do / not do”. 2. 基本用法：不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化。 一、不定式的句法功能 1. 作主语 eg: It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American school. 不定式做主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构, 这时it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置，往往放v.和adj.之后。 e.g. To learn English well is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn English well. ★不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for + 名词或代词宾格”构成, 即： 跟踪练习 1. It’s very nice of them ________ (send) me the flowers. 2. _________ (become) a teacher is my dream. 3. It’s very important to learn English well.(同义句转换) ________ ________ English well ______ very important. 4. It’s important _______ Chinese well. A. to learn B. learn C. learning D. learns 2. 作表语 eg：The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. 表语是用来表示主语的身份、状态和特征等，可与系动词构成系表结构。 eg：Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school. My job is to clean the streets. 跟踪练习 1. My work is __________ (clean) the room every day. 2. His dream is _________ (be) a doctor. 3. 作宾语 eg：The driver offered to help the patient. 有些动词后只能用不定式作宾语，表示命令、打算或希望等。常见的此类动词有：agree,