第一节英语短文的结构及段落的组织
一．结构
（1）引言段：向读者介绍此篇文章的主题及背景资料。
（2）主体段：也叫正文，是文章的主体部分，也是情节发展，是事实说明或者层层递进的部分，要把论述的讲清楚，具体而明晰。
（3）结尾段：也叫结束语，是由通篇文章所得出的简短结论，或者是事情发展到了最后一个情节，即事情的结果，结局。
1.引言段
引言段常见的模式有：
概括---主题型：先写概括性导言句，以引起读者的兴趣和注意，然后，逐渐进入主题；
主题---承启型：首先点出主题，再通过承上启下的句子进行概括性阐述，自然过渡到正文。
例1（导言句）Nowadays more and more people care about the shortage of natural resources of this planet. (主题句) With the rapid growth of population and industry, the more resources we make
use of, the less there will be left for the future.
例2(主题句) After years of enthusiasm for more children, childbearing is losing its appeal to many young couples, especially in big cities. (承启句1) Many newly-weds put off having children or
decide not to have any at all. (承启句2) The reasons are as follows.
2.主体段
一般由一个或两个平行的段落组成，需围绕引言部分所提出的主题，选用相关细节和事实依据解释说明主题。主题论证包括若干个方面，主体段中的每个段落只围绕自己的主题句从一个方面阐明文章的主题，各段落都从不同的方面对文章的主题展开论证，即文章的每一观点或每一层次意思，在主体部分都分别有相应的一个发展段来阐述，不能出现纰漏，因此主题包括几层意思或观点，就有几个发展段落。各段的内容通过其主题句紧扣引言部分阐述的中心思想。
3.结尾段
结尾段是文章的结束语，是作者对文章内容的归纳，概括和总结，是文章必不可缺的重要组成部分。它可以是一两句话，也可以是自成一段；它以简洁的语句概括，总结全文的中心思想，重述主题，使文章主题得以再现。
以Why I Attend College?为题目写篇作文。不少于120 词
1．为什么上大学，上大学值得吗？
2．陈述上大学的理由（自身喜欢学习，大学不仅提供知识还是展示不同观点的场所，大学毕业后更容易找工作等）
3．上大学不是浪费时间和金钱。
Why I Attend College?
Why did I choose to attend college? Is it worthwhile? I had put these questions to myself many times in the past two years, and now I have reached the conclusion that college education is something that I truly want and it is worthwhile.
I chose to attend college because I enjoy learning. I chose to attend college also because I feel college is more than a place which offers knowledge. It also exposes one to a rich varity of ideas. Finally, I feel that in today’s world, a college education has becaome almost essential if one wishes to compete in the job market. Attending college is a practical and necessary step to ensure a secure future for myself.
For these reasons，I never think attending college is a waste of time and money.
正确使用段落启始语和过渡性词语
（1）表示“启”的过渡词语
用于引导主题句或用于主题句的后面，引发第一个发展句：firstly, at first, first of all, in the beginning, at present, to begin with, currently, to start with, lately, for one thing, now, recently, on the one hand, in general, generally speaking, in recent years, comparatively speaking, nowadays, in my opinion, obviously, undoubtedly,
etc.
（2）表示“承）的过渡词语
用于承接主题句或前一个发展句：secondly, thirdly, also, too, besides, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more, for another, for example, for instance, as an example, as another example, namely, then, in other words, in the same way, after that, from now on, later, meanwhile, at the same time, soon, of course, for this purpose, equally, surely, obviously, especially, in fact, no doubt, etc.
(3)表示“转”的过渡词语
用于表示不同或相反的情况：after all, but, yet, however, conversely, though, although, in spite of, on the contrary, in contrast, unlike, on the other hand, all the same, unfortunately, still, in fact, as a matter of fact, in any case, at any rate, otherwise, instead, etc.
（4）表示“合”的过渡词语
用于总结段落中上文的内容，引导一个发展句或结尾句，也可以用于文章的最后一段等：finally, hence, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in summary, therefore, thus, to sum up, to conclude, to summarize, briefly, above all, as a consequence, as a result, for this reason, as has been noted, as I have said, at last, consequently, so, after all, in general, in a word, on the whole, etc.
短文写作的技巧与套路
一．写作要领
1.审题
例Directions: For this part, you’re required to write a composition on the topic “My view on examinations”. You should write at least 100 words, and your composition should be based on the outline given in Chinese below and write your composition on the answer sheet.
My view on examinations
Outline:
（1.）考试的必要性(2) 考试的弊端（3）你对考试的看法。
2. 确定段落结构
专接本作文结构比较固定，通常为三段。列出三段式提纲，确定隔断主题
例Money
( 1. )有人认为金钱是万能的(2.) 有人认为金钱是万恶之源（the source of all crimes）(3.)我对金钱的看法3. 确定主题句
主题句应具有以下特点：1.结构完整 2.表述清楚 3.具有概括性。
例Environmental Pollution
1．世界人口越来越多，环境污染也随之加重。
2. 环境污染治理情况。
3. 需进一步采取的措施。
第一段：主要描述随着世界人口越来越多，环境污染也随之加重的现状，主题句确定为：Now environmental pollution has become a very serious problem the world is facing today.
第二段：说明环境污染的治理情况。主题句确定为：People are working hard to find ways to keep the earth clean .
第三段：说明如何进一步采取措施解决环境污染问题。主题句确定为：However, in future, more efforts will be needed to win the battle against pollution.
三．文章套路
1. 作文类型
(1) 现象阐释型典型题目如：
Why College students have difficulty finding jobs?
Why College students take a part-time job?
Chattng on line?
(2) 问题解决型典型题目如：
How to solve the problem of heavy traffic?
How to succeed in a job interview?
(3)对比选择型典型题目如.
Choose a famous university or a favorite major?
（1）观点论证型典型题目如
Harmfulness of fake commodities
Why I attend college?
The benefits of making friends of different kinds
（2）利弊评述型典型题目如
The development of a private car
Do “Lucky numbers” really bring good luck?
College life in internet era
My view on examination
依据历年专接本作文测试试题，总结出以下模板，只需根据题目和提纲，判断出写作所需的模板，并套用模板结构，写出十个左右合乎语法规范的英文句子，便能成就一篇高分作文。
1）现象阐释型
(1)Nowadays, there exists a social / economic/environmental phenomenon, which has aroused great concern among people around us. /总体现象has increasingly become a common concern of the public./总体现象is commonly accepted by the people from all walks of life. (2) According to a survey , 调查内容说明这种现象的情况（或者是一个例子）。(3) This problem/phenomenon has a great effect on …影响的主要对象。
(4)Firstly /Above all/First of all, 原因一/影响一（5）Secondly/What’s more/Furthermore, 原因二/影响二（6）Besides/Finally, 原因三/影响三（7）As a result/Therefore/Consequently, 结果
（8）As far as I am concerned/As to me/ In my opinion, 我的观点/态度/做法（9）Furthermore, 进一步说明（10）Therefore/Based on the above discussion, I can conclude/it can be concluded that….. 总结全文
例Cards
1. 现代城市中持卡的人愈来愈多
2. 原因在于。。。。
3. 我的看法
（1）Nowadays, holding cards has become a common phenomenon.(2) According to a survey, over 80%of people in big cities hold various kinds of cards issued by banks, restaurants, supermarkets, etc. (描述段) （3）There are a number of reasons for it.
(4) First of all, it is convenient to consume by cards. (5) What’s more, it is safer to carry cards than cash. For example, if one’s cards are lost, the owner needn’t worry too much because no one else can get the money out without the password. (6)In addition, cards can give card holders certain privilege or discount in service. (7)
Therefore,holding cards, especially among the youth, becomes fashionable recently.(说明段)
（8）As for m e, cards have a bright future. （9）With the development of science and technology, cards will become much safer and easier to use. (10)Therefore, it can be concluded that more people will use cards. (议论段，表明观点)
2）问题解决型
（1）In recent years, increasing numbers of people 关注/牵涉/参与不良现象或某一问题（2）It is obvious that 危害一/作用一（3）Additionally, 危害二/作用二（4）Therefore, special/considerable attention should be paid to 该问题（5）On the one hand/Firstly, 方法一（6）On the other hand/Secondly, 方法二（7）In addition/Thirdly, 方法三
（8）Of course, following these suggestions/methods may not surely solve the problem, but it is worth of trying.
(9) As for me/In my opinion, 我的思考或看法（10）Only in this way…..倒装句总结全文/Undoubtedly, it is necessary/essential…..根本途径
例How to treat the parent-child relatonship
1. 父母与孩子之间的代沟越来越大
2. 代沟会带来哪些影响
3. 如何消除代沟，并改善父母与孩子之间的关系
（1）More and more peole are paying attention to the generation gap between parents and their children.(2) Obviously, the generation gap is a source of family disharmony. (3)Additionally, it may lead to a number of social problems.(4) Therefore, measures should be taken to deal with the issue.
(5)On the other hand, parents should be more tolerant to their children, remembering that a child is a child and there is always such a stage in one’s growth. (6)On the other hand, children should also understand that without parents’ proper guidance, they won’t be able to grow up healthily. (7) Finally, parents should spend more time with their children.
(8) Of course, following these questions may not surely solve the problem, but it is worth the effort.
(9) As for me, mutual understanding is the key solution. (10)Undoubtedly, it is essential for both parents and children to understand each other for a good parent-child relationship.
3）对比选择型
（1）When asked about/When it comes to 事物/问题，different people will offer different opinions. (2) Some people take it for granted that 观点一(3) In their opinion, 选择观点一的理由一（4）Besides, 选择观点一的理由二
（5）However, others hold that 观点二（6）They maintain that 观点二/选择观点二的理由（7）And 观点二/选择观点二的理由
（8）Weighing up these two arguments, I am for the former/later viewpoint/choice. (9)我的理由（10）Therefore, as stated above, 重申观点/选择
例To be a small fish in a big pond or a big fish in a small pond?
1. 在打企业工作的特点
2. 在小企业工作的特点
3. 我的选择
(1)To the question whether to work in a large enterprise or in a small firm, different people may have different answers. (2) Some may choose to be a small fish in a big pond. (3)They hold that tyey can derive a sense of pride from being a member of a famous organization such as General Motors. (4) Besides, they can work with people from different part sof the world.
(5)Still others may prefer to be a big fish in a small pond.(6)According to them, in a small company, they may be given greater resposibilities without much restriction. (7)Consequently, they can show their talents fully and freely.
(8) Weighing up these two choices, I am for the latter. （9）I prefer to work in a small enterprise, where I can get more chance of promotion.(10)I’d rather become an important figure within my own small pond.
4）观点论证型
模板一（驳论）
（2）Up to now, many people hold it true that 某观点（2）They believe 进一步说明此观点（3）However, recent survey /research shows that 与上述观点相反的论点（4）The arguments for this point of view can be listed as follows.
5)Above all, 论据一（6）For example, 支持论据一的事例（7）Furthermore, 论据二及支持论据二的事例（8）Most importantly, 论据三
(9) All that has been discusses above points to the fact that 重申本文论点(10) Terefore, 与该观点相符合的做法和态度
例Wealtyh and happiness
1. 每个人都想获得财富，财富似乎就是幸福，其实不然
2. 世界上有许多东西是财富换不来的
(1) Up to niw, many people still hold that wealth can bring happiness. (2) They believe that with a
great amount of money, they must live a happier life. (3) However, recent survey shows that wealth is not necessarily associated with happiness. (4) The argument for this point of view can be listed as follows.
(5)Above all, good health plays an important role above wealth in a happy life. (6)For example,
people can buy medicine with money, but cannot buy health. (7) Furthermore, wealth may encourage those harmful habits which may ruin the wealth owner, such as addiction to drugs and gambling. (8) Most important, there is one thing essential to happiness which cannot be bought with wealth----love.
(9) All that has been discussed above shows that wealth is not equal to happiness. (10) Therefore,
we should not be crazy about money and earn it with honeat work.
模板二（立论）
(1)People are familiar with /It is widely accepted that 某观点(2)As wwe know,观点正确性的表现
（３）Therefore, 小结观点
a)There are numerous examples supporting this argument. (5) A case in point is 例一（6）For another
example,引出并说明例二(7) Moreover, 阐述第三个例子
（8）From what has been discussed above, we should understand that 重申观点（9）But/One thing we have to notice is that 提出个人建议（10）Therefore, 总结全文
例Blood Donation
1. 献血有益身体健康
2. 试举例说明
(1) In modern society, it is widely accepted that blood donation is good for health. (2) As we know,
donating blood benefits both society nad people. (3) Therefore, people should be encouraged to donate blood regularly.
(4) Many remarkable facts can support this argument. (5) First of all, according to medical research
findings, donating blood can effectively reuce the happening of certain disease. (6) What’s more, donating blood regularly could reduce the pace of aging. (7) Besides, donating blood regularly could help people keep good mood.
(8) All mentioned above tells us that blood donation does more good than harm to health.(9) We
should hold a positive attitude towards it. (10) Therefore, it can be concluded that blood donation should be encouraged under the scientific instruction.
5. 利弊评述型
(1) For the past few years, 某事物has been widely accepted by people /has come into people’s daily life.
(2) No one can deny that 某事物的好处(3) For one thing, 好处一(4) For another, 好处二(5) In
addition, 好处三(6) However, just as all coins hace two sides, there are also disadvantages about 某事物
(7) For example, 弊端一(8) Moreover, 弊端二
（9）In my opinion, 我的建议（10）Only in this way can we …. 总结全文
例The positive and negative aspects of home computers
1. 家用电脑的普及
2. 家用电脑的好处
3. 家用电脑带来的问题
(1) Nowadays, computers have come into people’s homes as one of common household appliances.
(2) There is no doubt that like TV, home computers benefit people greatly. (3) With the computer, the home
becomes a library, a school, an office and an entertainment center. (4) All kinds of information can be close at one’s finger tips. (5) In addition, home computers make people far away become closer to us.
(6) Despite the convenience that home computers bring about, they have disadvantages. (7) For
example, people, especially the youth, may easily get addiced to computer games. (8) Besidea, since nearly everything can be done in front of the computer, we may become more isolated from people around us.
(9) In my opinion, we all should consider how to control home computers, so that they won’t control
us. (10) Only in this way we can make full use of them, while avoiding the side effects.
第四节历年考题及专项训练
2006年Advertisements
1.Advertisements are getting their way into people’s lives.
2.There are many ways to advertis and advertisements come in different forms.
3.However, advertising does not always tell the truth
2007年Traveling by Train
1.乘火车旅行的优点是
2.乘火车旅行也有许多不便利的地方
3.我的选择是…
2008年Plastic Shopping Bags in Superkarket
1.自今年6月1日起，超市将不再为顾客免费提供塑料购物袋。
2.有人认为，这能更好的节约能源，减少白色污染（white pollution）；也有人认为，这会给顾客带来不
便（inconvenience） 3.我的看法
2009年My view on Job-hopping
1.现在更换工作对许多人来说是司空见惯的事。
2.为什么会出现这种现象。
3.你的看法。
Traveling by train
With the rapid development of science and technology, nowadays we have various means of transportation to choose from for traveling. Even so, most people still prefer to travel by train because traveling by train has a lot of advantages. For example, we can enjoy seeing beautiful scenery outside the window. We can enjoy talking with new friends on the train, sharing fresh ideas with each other and getting to know each other better. What’s more, traveling by train is comparatively cheap and convenient.
On the other hand, there are disadvantages for traveling by train. In most cases the crowded train makes us uncomfortable. Sometimes it is rather difficult to get a train ticket. Besides, the train is often late or behind schedule.
As far as I am concerned, I prefer to travel by train. The reason is that I can spend less money and get in close touch with ordinary people on the train.
专项训练
1.Online shopping
a.网上购物成为购物的一种新方式，它给人们带来了许多方便，同时也暴露出很多弊端。
b.我们应该如何把握这一新兴的购物方式。
c.我的看法。
2.Skipping Classes on College Campus
a.大学生逃课现象时有发生。
b.分析学生逃课的原因。
c.如何减少逃课现象。
3.The Importance of Teamwork
a.概括合作的重要性。
b.社会发展的需要。
4.Social Practice of College Students
a.各大学在假期都会组织学生参加各种社会实践活动。
b.这些活动给大学生带来了哪些好处。
c.参加社会实践活动应该注意些什么。
Social Practice of College Students
Nowadays many universities encourage and organize students to take part in social practice activities.
During the holidays, more and more students choose to be volunteers or part-time teachers or salespersons, etc. Obviously, social practice is playing a more and more important role in China’s college education.
Undoubtedly, college students have benefited a lot from social practice.. Firstly, they are provided with more opportunities to contact the real world outside the campus. Secondly, in social practice activities, students can apply their knowledge to the practical problems, too. So their practical skills are improved greatly. Finally, Social practice helps strengthen students’ sense of social responsibility.
Considering the above mentioned, I think that it is necessary for college students to participate in social practice. However, social practice may bring some problems, too. For example, some students spend so much time on part-time jobs that they neglect their study. Therefore, we should make a balance between social practice and study.
2011热点
1．食品安全问题令人担忧。
2．对此，你有什么看法
The Safety of Food
Despite the decline in the number of cases related to fake foods and foods of poor quality, problems remain serious in the market. Food born diseases remain responsible for high levels of sickness and mortality（死亡）in the general population, particularly for at risk groups, such as infants, young children, and the elderly.
In my personal opinion, I think the responsibility goes for the most part to the food producers especially those who fail to meet safety standards. In order to sell more products, some food producers may even intentionally use various chemicals, such as pesticides杀虫剂, animal drugs etc. They try to make food look or taste good without taking people’s life into consideration.
The supervision of food production should be stepped up. What’s more, it is important to increase penalties on those who neglect food safety statutes. The Food Safety Department in our country should educate consumers how to choose safe food.
The earth scale change of climate has brought a new kind of natural disaster and the developed and complicated city system is holding a latent潜伏的risk of expanding the damage artificially人为地. Also people has been spoiling损坏the health since the immense quantity of chemicals have been produced and already used in pursuit of convenience and various toxic有毒的
substances have been produced unintentionally and accumulated聚积in environment. Therefore, We should take some countermeasures对抗措施to prevent the city environment form disaster and to manage environmental risks. So we will develop and improve a new risk management system and a disaster prevention system to preserve维持and create the city environment where people feel easy and sound in their life.
【第一篇：求职】 Directions:For this part, you are supposed to write a composition of about 100 -120 wordsbased on the following situation. Remember to write it clearly. 假设你是Matt Hand，在报上看到一则招聘广告，正符合你的情况，于是写信求职。广告要点： (1)招聘对象：有计算机工程(engineeing学历的工程师; (2)条件：有两年以上计算机工程工作经验;年龄在22～30岁之间;身体健康。注意：地址和招聘单位名称可自编。 2017年成人高考专升本英语考试作文范文：求职 1073，Green Street Atchison，Kansas，66002 March l0，2012 P.O.Box 2035 Clare Corporation，Ltd. Dear Sirs， I read your advertisement in yesterday’S paper.I think I am the best person fit for the position. I'm 23 years old.I graduated from Boston University two years ago.My major at university was computer engi—neering.After graduation l worked as a computer engineer in a big company for two years.Now I have enough expe-fience in this field.And I'm very interested in it. I like sports and I am in good health.I like hard work.I’m sure I can do your iob well if I can become a member of your company. I'm looking forward to your reply. Very sincerely yours， Matt Han 【第二篇：广播通知】 Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write a composition of about 100 - 120 wordsbased on the following situation. Remember to write it dearly. 你校学生会将为来访的美国朋友举办一个晚会，要在学校广
习题1.1 1． （2）定义域不同，｛X ≠-1｝；R （3 ）X =且定义域也不同，｛X ≠0｝；R （4）值域不同[-1，1];[0,1] (5)定义域不同，｛X>0｝；R 2. (4)() ( ) ln ln f x x x -=-= () ( ( ) 1 ln ln ln f x x x x ---=--+ =+= 故()()f x f x -=-，()f x 为奇函数. （6）()()()()()()f x g x g x g x g x f x -=--=----????，奇函数。 3． （1）y=sinx 与y=cosx 的周期都是2π，故y=sinx+cosx 的周期为2π （2）设周期为T,则1+sin2x=1+sin2(x+T) ? sin2x=sin(2x+2T) ?2T=2TV ?T=TV 5. 010X X X ≥???≥?≥?? 6. 2 2 2 2 (sin cos )sin cos 2sin cos 1sin 2y x x x x x x x =+=++=+ 又[]0,2x π∈，故[]1sin 20,2x π+∈，故 y 的值域为?? 7.令u x =-则x u =- 故()()22sin()sin ,0,0()1,01,0u u u u f u f u u u u u u u -??-<>?? -=?-=-????-+-≥+≤?? 故()f x -2sin ,01,0 x x x x x ?>? =??+≤? 8. ()1f x =-是偶函数()()1f x f x -==Q ()0f x =是奇函数()()0f x f x ∴-==- 9．定义域为0 220 x x x ≠??>? ->?
1. 越来越多的人使用手机进行联络； 2. 过度依赖手机会对心理健康产生危害； 3. 谈谈你的看法。 参考作文 More and more people contact each other using cell phones. The overuse of or over-reliance on cell phones may cause problems to people’s emotional health. To begin with, the overuse of mobile phones will invade people’s private time that should have been spent on relaxation. For instance, the use of mobile phones enables your boss to find you whenever and wherever you are, even when you are enjoying a dinner at home. Secondly, the frequent sending and receiving of short messages may keep a person continually alert to any sound similar to that of a cell phone. According to psychologists, being constantly sensitive to some sounds will make people feel under pressure. Do you want to stay away from the harm of overusing mobile phones? Just turn it off after a day’s work. (133 words) 九 1. 有些人认为家长应该为孩子谋划未来的职业； 2. 孩子认为应该由自己决定将来的工作； 3. 谈谈你的看法。 参考作文 Parents generally believe should they plan their children’s careers, claiming they know their children well enough to decide what kind of job suits them. Many even tend to force their ideas of jobs on their children. However, many children believe they should be left free to choose their own careers. Firstly, parents and children may not share the same interests. Secondly, children grow up in an age different from their parents’. Therefore they should be allowed to choose for themselves. In my opinion, mutual understanding is important. On one hand, parents’ view reflects their concern for children. On the other, it is the children who will be doing the job. Therefore, it is wise for parents to give them this freedom while children should consult their parents when necessary. (129 words) 十 1. 有些人觉得中国人全民学英语没必要； 2. 有人认为掌握一门外语就多了一项技能； 3. 谈谈你的看法。 参考作文 Nowadays it is a trend for Chinese to learn English. Without certain certificates showing their English ability, it may be hard even to find a job, even though most jobs have nothing to do with English. For some, it is a waste of time and resources for so many people to learn English. On the other hand, it is believed that grasping a foreign language means obtaining a useful skill, which could make a person be able to fulfill more jobs and demands in the society. To me, the most time-consuming task for students in China is learning English. They have to spend a lot of precious time reading, memorizing words, and doing exercises. To them, the only meaning in English learning is to deal with tests. Therefore, it is not necessary for all the people to learn English. (139 words)
Salary or Interest？ 1.有的人找工作的时候选择兴趣，有的选择工资 2.你的看法 这是一篇要求考生评判找工作时所持标准的文章。开篇需阐述两种不同的观点，有人认为兴趣重要，有人则把工资摆在第一位。对于大学生而言，结合自身的情况，可以表明自己的观点。第一段，分述两种不同的观点，稍加展开；第二段，就自身谈谈看法。 Salary or Interest Upon graduation，virtually all college students will confront the problem of the career choice. It is truly a tough choice. Students’ opinions differ greatly on this issue. Some hold that priority should be given to their interest in jobs，but others take the attitude that salary is the most critical factor influencing their career choices. As to myself，I prefer the latter view. A well paid job exerts a tremendous fascination on a great number of people，with no exception to me. Although it might be impossible to measure the value of one’s job in terms of money，salary counts most when I choose my future career. In my view，our career choices largely depend on how and where we have been brought up. I come from a poor urban family and my parents were both laid off workers. In order to finance my tuition，they have been working hard over the past four years. As the only son in my family，I have to shoulder the burden of supporting my family. In short，salary is the first and only consideration in my choice of career. ◇第一段思路点评： 就大学生找工作时所持标准问题，阐述了两种不同的观点。 ◇语言点提示： （1）此句式priority should be given to something（应优先考虑……），牢记。 （2）注意分述不同观点时，可使用不同的动词或动词短语，这样可以避免重复，如：hold，take the attitude。 ◇第二段思路点评： 以己为例，表明观点。 ◇语言点提示： （1）exert … on 对……施加 (2)finance my tuition 承担我的学费 Certificate Craze on Campus 1．近几年大学校园内出现“考证热” 2．产生这一现象的原因 3．你的看法 大学生热衷于考证这一话题一直是社会的热点，为什么会出现这样的现象。对于大学生而言，结合自身的情况，可以表明自己的观点。第一段，简要描述现象：大学校园内出现“考证热”；第二段，探究产生这种现象的原因；第三段，结合自身情况，阐述自己的观点。
Luxurious Buildings On Campus 1.近年来，一些大学建起豪华楼舍来提升形象； 2.有人赞同，有人反对； 3.谈谈你的观点。 【范文】 With a view to improving their image and comprehensive strength, many universities are rushing to build luxurious constructions. Some people are in favor of this trend, because the considerably more comfortable environment could let students apply themselves to academic studies. The others who hold the opposite opinion think it not only wastes money but also disturbs the normal teaching activities. Generally speaking, newly-built blocks help to meet the increasingly demanding requirements of the modern students. But with the breakdown of heaps of age-old buildings, their original historic significances would disappear. Most importantly, the trend towards luxury shows the commercialization of college education, which gives negative influence on students. Therefore, I strongly hope universities could attach more attention to the construction of specialties and improvement of their cultural connotation, attracting students by their excellent teaching qualities and research achievements. 【点评】 首段直接点题，说明现象；第二段分述人们对此现象各持己见；第三段陈述自己的观点，并提出建议。 范文首段提出大学楼舍“豪华风”这一普遍现象；第二段指出赞同者认为舒适的环境能让学生更好地投入学业中，反对者认为这不仅浪费钱，而且扰乱了正常教学活动；第三段给出自己的观点---旧楼的拆除破坏了校园原有的历史意义；奢华的趋势使得大学教育商业化，给大学生带来负面影响。最后提出建议，希望大学能注重提高自身的文化内涵，加强学科建设。 第一段中With a view to意为“为了”，后面接v.-ing；第二段中apply themselves to academic studies意为“全身心投入学业”；第三段中construction of specialties 意为“专业队伍的建设”，improvement of their cultural connotation意为“提高自身文化内涵”。
Online Payment Nowadays,online payment has been getting increasingly popular in China,which has become a part of our daily life.Alipay is advocated everywhere，even the small business can be finished by this advanced way. Generally speaking,it is widely believed that online payment has brought many benefits to people.To begin with,it saves people’s time to pay bills.The use of online payment is carried out with a smart phone.What’s more,online payment has changed the traditional way of paying,which is greatly convenient to paying bills.You needn’t to worry about taking a lot of cash to go shopping.However,apart from many advantage of online payment,there are still some problems that cannot be ignored.It will take more risks revealing our private information. In conclusion,online payment is beneficial and we are supposed to make full use of it.But we should also enhance our awareness of safety.Only in this way can we deal with this issue properly. 目前，在线支付已经在中国越来越受欢迎，它已经成为我们日常生活的一部分。Alipay 是主张无处不在，即使是小企业可以通过这种先进的方式完成。 一般来说，人们普遍认为网上支付给人们带来了很多好处。首先，它节省了人们的时间来支付账单。网上支付使用的是与智能手机进行。更重要的是，在线支付已经改变了传统的支付方式，是支付账单大大方便你不必担心携带大量的现金去购物。然而，除了在线支付很多优势，仍存在一些不容忽视的问题。它将承担更大的风险暴露我们的私人信息。 总之，网上支付是有益的，我们应该充分利用它，但是我们也应该提高我们的安全意识，只有这样我们才能妥善处理这个问题。
2019成考专升本英语作文范文：鼓励信 假定你是Jack，给在无锡新区工作的笔友王强写信，要点如下：， 1. 非常高兴得知王强在准备高考，並鼓励他一定能克服各种困难取得好成绩。 2. 告诉他你将去无锡旅游，你将乘火车于5月1日早晨6点到达，请他接站，并请他帮你安排1至4日的住宿(旅馆靠近市中心，房间能够小一些，但不要太贵)。 3. 此外，你还要他帮你订5日返回上海的火车票。 Dear Wang Qiang， I'm glad to learn that you are busy preparing for college entrance exams. Where there is a strong will， there is a success. I am sure that you will overcome all kinds of difficulties in your study I'm planning to go to Wuxi and look around in the city for a few days. I'll take the train and arrive at 6 o'clock a.m. on May 1st. Will you please come and meet me at the station? I'm going to stay in Wuxi till May 4th. Please help me book a hotel room. I hope to stay in a hotel around the downtown area but the price shouldn't be very high. I don't mind if the room is small. Another thing. Can you book a ticket for me back to Shanghai on 4th? All the best， Jack
习题 1． （2）定义域不同，｛X ≠-1｝；R （3 ）X =｛X ≠0｝；R （4）值域不同[-1，1];[0,1] (5)定义域不同，｛X>0｝；R 2. (4)() ( ) ln ln f x x x -=-= () ( ( ) 1 ln ln ln f x x x x ---=--+ =+= 故()()f x f x -=-，()f x 为奇函数. （6）()()()()()()f x g x g x g x g x f x -=--=----????，奇函数。 3． （1）y=sinx 与y=cosx 的周期都是2π，故y=sinx+cosx 的周期为2π （2）设周期为T,则1+sin2x=1+sin2(x+T) ? sin2x=sin(2x+2T) ?2T=2TV ? T=TV 5. 010 X X X ≥???≥?≥?? 6. 2 2 2 2 (sin cos )sin cos 2sin cos 1sin 2y x x x x x x x =+=++=+ 又[]0,2x π∈，故[]1sin 20,2x π+∈ ，故y 的值域为?? 7.令u x =-则x u =- 故()()22sin()sin ,0,0()1,01,0u u u u f u f u u u u u u u -??-<>?? -=?-=-????-+-≥+≤?? 故()f x -2sin ,01,0 x x x x x ?>? =??+≤? 8. ()1f x =-是偶函数()()1f x f x -==Q ()0f x =是奇函数()()0f x f x ∴-==- 9．定义域为0 220 x x x ≠??>? ->? 10.（1）222 909 33101x x x x x ??-≥≤??-≤≤??-≠≠±?? 且1x ≠± (2) .0. 1 (2) x k k π π≠+ =±
英语作文Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 miniutes to write a composition on the title:make our city greener,your composition should be based on the following outline: 1：城市绿色的状况2：绿化的好处（如：清洁空气，美化城市，改善气候......）3：怎样才能实现绿化范文：Recent efforts toward the greening of our cities have achieved much, although the results are still far from satisfactory. In recent years many trees have been planted in the cities and much care has been taken of the planted trees. In spite of all this, the greening process is relatively slow compared with cities in many other countries. For example, the green space available on average to each Shanghai citizen is only 0.4 Mu while every Londoner has more than 20 Mu. We can benefit much from making our cities greener by planting trees. First, trees absorb carbon dioxide to produce oxygen which is essential to the health of human beings. Second, trees and other greenery make our cities more beautiful. Third, trees can also improve the climate of the cities. Since we can get so much from making our cities greener, we should spare no effort to do that. We should plant more trees and take better care of them. We also should not cut down the trees. In a word, we should do everything to add to the greening of our cities. Directions: For this part, you are allowed30 minutes to write a composition based on, the following two questions: 1．你在英语学习中有哪些困难? 2．你是如何克服这些困难的? Y our composition should be no less than 100 words. Write this composition on the Answer Sheet. Remember to write it clearly. 范文：To a Chinese, the task of learning English well is not easy. So I, like many other English learners, have met with difficulties in learning English during the past seven years. But I managed to overcome them and made much progress. The spelling and meaning of words can be said to be the first difficulty I met as a beginner. But I found our my own way to deal with them. As to spelling, I never copied a new work again and again to remember it, but tried to find its relevance to the sound. In fact, as long as I can read the word out, I can write it out. As to the meaning, I rarely recite its Chinese translation but often put the word into the sentence to learn its meaning. Moreover, if you use a word quite often, its spelling and meaning will be no problem. After all, we are learning English in order to use it. Grammar and idioms may be another difficulty. But I have also got over it. I have not read lots of grammar books. But I spent much time reading the articles written by native speakers or specialists in English. By doing so, I came to gain “a sense of English language”. I began to gain a feel for which sentences are “good English” and which are not. Finally, I want to say that overcoming all these difficulties requires perseverance. In the past seven years I spent at least an hour on English each day. I believe this is an important reason why I am able to make progress in learning English. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Positive and Negative Aspects of Sport. Y ou should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1. 运动的积极因素；2. 运动的消极因素； 3. 你的体会范文：Sports benefit us in many respects. When taking part in sports, we get the chance to train almost all parts of our body. There is no doubt that properly balanced physical activities keep us physically fit. Furthermore, sports can enrich our life and maintain our psychological health. Through participation, everyone can learn that on the playing field he not only competes for himself but also for his team. Sports teach us about consideration, cooperation
2016年成人高考（专升本）英语作文文 1、金钱是一切吗？In Money Everything？ I don't think money is everything,but we can't do without it. Fox example,money can't buy us happiness and a good education. And for another example,money can't buy us good health and a long life. But we can not live without money. We need it for our daily necessities such as food,clothes and transportation. What's more,we need it to live a better life. In short,we should learn the value of money and make the most of its advantages. 2、一些人喜欢住在城市，因为城市生活有许多便利。 Where to live —in the City or in the Country Some people like living in the city because city life has many advantages. They think there are more job opportunities in cities,life there is more colorful and meaningful than that in the country,and there are more modern conveniences in cities for people to enjoy. But some other people prefer to live in the countryside. They say life in the countryside is closer to nature and better for their health,life there is quieter and that country people are more honest than city people. I would like to live in a city when I am young to earn enough money and I live in the countryside when I am old for having a quite life. 3、你叫平，是英语系学生会主席。写一封信给王教授，请他做一个有关中国历史的报告。 注意信中要包括目的、时间、日期和地点。Ⅴ.Writing May 19,2002 Dear Professor Wang： On behalf of the Student Union of the English Department,I am writing to invite you to give a lecture on Chinese history. We have planned to have such a lecture at 2:30 p. m. in Lecture Hall 419,on May 25. Looking forward to your lecture. Inform us in advance if you can not come. Sincerely yours, Li Ping 4、男女应该平等吗？（Should Men and Women Be Equal？） Should Men and Women Be Equal？ People have different ideas about this issue,Some people say that men are superior to women in ability because men are physically stronger,do most of the hard labor in the world and hold most important positions. Other people believe that women have the ability to compete with men. There have been many famous women state leaders and great scientists in the wor ld. We should fully carry out the principle “to each according to his work” so that the enthusiasm of both men and women for work can be fully aroused. 5、在中国，自行车是最为流行的交通工具。 The Bicycle in China The bicycle is the most popular means of transportation in China. China is a country “on bicycle wheels”.People ride them for various purposes such as going to and from school and work. Bicycles are very cheap and easy to buy in China. There are many advantages to riding a bicycle. First,using a bicycle can greatly help reduce the air pollution in many big cities. Second,people can improve their health by riding a bicycle. The future of bicycle will be bright. In some European countries,city governments have arranged pedestrians to use “public bicycles” to tra vel round the city center free of charge. 6、你是Helen，要写一封信给Julie，对她和她的丈夫昨日请你和你丈夫吃饭表示感，表示要回请他们，以答他们的盛情款待。 Dear Julie： Thank you very much for the dinner that you invited my husband and I to yesterday. The food not only looked and smelled fabulous but tasted great,and my husband and I enjoyed it very much. Therefore,we would like to invite you to dinner at 7 p.m. this Friday at the Northwest Chinese restaurant to return your kindness and hospitality. Please do come. Yours, Helen
河北省专接本经验总结-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
最近有很多朋友问我专接本的事情，现在我将一些经验和基本信息，总结整理如下，想参加专接本考试的同学欢迎转载啊！希望能帮到你们！ 一、首先，请大家弄清楚两个概念，专升本和专接本！ 专接本：是指普通专科应届毕业生参加专接本考试，最后颁发的学历是普通高等教育（与正式本科基本相同，但是毕业证会注明：专科起点，两年制本科毕业），专接本考生只能报考本省的本科院校，但是可以跨专业考试。 专升本：是指专科毕业后，参加全国统一的成人考试，最后颁发的学历是成人本科学历（有学位）。 二、考试及报名时间基本流程： 时间安排： 1. 3月中旬，开始报名（2010.3.15 上午8时—— 2010.3.25 下午18时） 2010年专接本考试首次实行网上报名，网址是https://www.doczj.com/doc/b312943610.html, ,打开网址后你需要先注册，用户名就是你的身份证号，密码你自己设定！注册完毕后再登陆网站，开始第一步，考生报考！详细认真填写你的个人信息！请务必确定在报名系统关闭前，将您的个人信息及报考院校信息完整无误的报上。2010年首次实行，退役士兵也可参加专接本考试。 2. 3月下旬，资格确认及缴费（100元）并发公共课考试大纲 （该大纲内容包括公共课英语、数学、政治、计算机应用技术） （注：本人强烈建议在复习的最后环节，一定要把大纲内容吃透，尤其是要求“掌握”的部分） 3. 5月1日，本人上网打印准考证，核对信息。 4. 5月13、14日去报考第一志愿的学校换取真准考证并看考场。（2010年首度实行考生指纹认证） 5. 5月15日专接本考试（考试时间为一天，上午公共课，下午专业课，不同的专业所考的公共课不同） 上午：公共课 8:30---10:05 下午：专业课 14:30---17：00 三、只有公共课成绩过了最低分数线了，专业课成绩才生效。