高中英语语法讲义——时态、语态、主谓一致
清单一：动词的时态
一：一般体（表示既不进行，又不完成）
一般体中的一般现在时、一般过去时分别表示现在、过去的经常性、习惯性动作或状态；一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或者状态，或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态；过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作。
（一）一般现在时
1.构成
（1）动词原形，若主语为第三人称单数，则用第三人称单数形式，一般在动词后加“s”或“es”,其规则变化如下：情况规则例词
一般情况下加-s eats ,rises
以s、x、sh、ch结尾加-es teaches discusses
以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i再加es fly-flies carry-carries
（2）be动词的变化：am, is ,are
（3）have的变化：have，has
2.用法：
一般现在时除了可以表示现在的经常性，习惯性动作或状态，还有如下用法：
I often go to Wuhan on weekends.
（1）表示客观真理，科学事实以及自然现象。
The earth goes around the sun.
（2）用于以here，there开头的倒装句中，用来表示现在正在发生的动作或者存在的状态。
Here comes the bus.
There goes the bell.
（二）一般过去时
1.构成
情况规则例词
一般情况加-ed pack-packed
以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i再加ed carry- carried
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写辅音字母再加-ed plan-planned
以不发音的e结尾的词直接-d like-liked provide-provided
（2）was用于第一，第三人称单数，were用于其他人称
（3）以元音字母加y结尾的动词，一般直接加-ed。如play-played,但pay-paid.
2.用法
一般过去时除了可以表示过去经常性、习惯性发生的动作或状态，还有下列用法：
（1）want, hope, think, intend等动词的一般过去式往往表示“过去原......”之意。
I thought he was an honest man.
He didn’t intend to hurt you.
（2）wonder 的一般过去时有时也可表示现在的行为，但语气要比用一般现在时更加委婉。
I wondered if you could do me a favor.
（3）used to+动词原形，表示过去的习惯性动作而现在已经不再发生了。
We used to spend our vacation in the mountains.（现在不再了）
（三）一般将来时
1.构成
（1）shall+动词原形（第一人称）
（2）will+动词原形（各种人称）
2.用法
一般将来时除了可以表示将来的动作或状态，还可以有以下用法:
（1）will+动词原形
will 可用来表示事物的固有属性或必然趋势
Fish will die without water.（必然趋势）
will 表示将来，有时含有偶然性、临时性决定的意思。
-----Do you know Mr. Smith has come to our town?
-----No, I will go and visit him right now.（临时决定去拜访）
（2）be going to +动词原形
“be going to+动词原形”表示“计划，打算要做某事”，还可以表示有迹象发生某事。
He is going to speak on TV this evening.（打算，计划做）
Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain. （乌云表示了有迹象发生）
（3）be about to+动词原形/be on the point of+动名词表示“立即的将来”，因此，这两种结构不与表示将来的具体时间状语连用。
The train is about to start.（马上发车）
The plane is on the point of taking off.（马上起飞）
（4）现在进行时表将来：现在进行时表示按计划、安排近期要发生的动作，常见的动词有（come, go arrive, leave, begin, start等）。
I’m leaving for Beijing next week.（近期）
（5）一般现在时表示将来：某些动词的一般现在时可以表示计划、安排将要做的事情，常用于按列车、航班、电影、作息等时刻表。
We must hurry up. The first class begins at 8 o’cl ock.
（6）be to +动词原形
A/表示“按计划或安排要做的事”
When are you to leave for home?
也可用于过去时。Was/were to do sth. 表示曾经计划要做的事，但计划不一定完成，也可表示命中注定要发生的事；was/were to have done sth.表示未曾实现的计划。
I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time.
They said goodbye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.
We were to have told you, but you were not in.
B/表示“应该”相当于should/ought to have done
You are to report it to the police.
C/表示“想，打算”，相当于intend/want to +动词原形
If we are to be there before ten, we’ll have to go now.
（四）过去将来时
1.构成would/should+动词原形
2.用法：
表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的事情
They said he would be here at eight o’clock
二．进行体
（一）构成
1.进行体包括
现在进行时：am/is /are +现在分词
过去进行时：was/were+现在分词
将来进行时：will/shall +be+现在分词
情况规则例词
一般情况加-ing try-trying
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写辅音字母加-ing regret-regretting ban-banning
以不发音的e结尾的词去e,加-ing hate-hating date-dating
1.表示某一时刻或现阶段正在进行的动作或状态（暂时性和未完成性）
I don’t really work here; I am just helping out until the new teacher arrives.（暂时性）
2.表示某阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事，但说话的时候不一定正在进行，常与these days, this week等时间状语连用。
We are making a model planes this week.
3.表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，带有感情色彩，如赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等。
He is always borrowing money from me.
Li Ming is always making the same mistake.
4.进行体表将来（见一般将来时具体用法）
5.不用于进行体的动词
（1）感觉类：look, smell, fell, sound, taste, see, hear等
The soup tastes good.
Your hands feel cold.
（2）情感类:like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear, adore等
I love my dad and mum.
（3）心态类:wish,hope,want,need,believe,understand,agree,know,remember,forget等
I don’t believe my eyes.
（4）存在状态类：appear, lie（位于），remain, belong, have等。
Those books belong to Mr. Li.
三：完成体
（一）构成
1. 完成体包括
现在完成时：have/has+过去分词
过去完成时：had+过去分词
2.规则变化同过去式的构成方法，详见一般过去时规则变化。
（二）用法
1.现在完成时
（1）表示一个动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，还有可能会继续持续下去。常与表示从过去持续到现在并包括现在在内的时间状语有：recently, lately, in the last/past few years/days/months, since then, up to now, so far等
In the past few years, great changes have taken place in Wuhan.
He has written some books so far.
（2）表示发生在过去的事情对现在产生的影响（重点在过去的事情对现在造成的影响上）。常与already, just, yet, before等连用。
The class has started .（The class is on now.）
He has turned off the light.（The light is off now.）
（3）在“最高级+名词”或“it/this is+ the first/second......time”之后的定语从句中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
This is the first time (that) I have come here.
This is the best tea (that) I have ever drunk.
（4）瞬间性动词：又叫非延续性动词、终止性动词。可用于完成时态，但不可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用；若要连用需进行句式变换。
常见的瞬间性动词：come, go, get to/reach, arrive at/in, leave, buy, sell, open, close, get up, join/take part in, begin/start, return/give, borrow/ lend, become/turn, bring/take, die, finish/end, receive/hear from...等
He joined the army 3 years ago.
He has been a solider for 3 years.
部分非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换
buy-have, borrow-keep , get married-be married ,get to know-know , leave-be away , come back-be back, fall ill-be ill, die-be dead, turn off-be off, turn on-be on
2. 过去完成时
（1）过去的过去：一件事发生在过去，而另一件事发生在其之前，发生在前的动词要用过去完成时。
She had learned some English before she came to Wuhan.
He said that he had been abroad for three years.
（2）表示从过去的某一时间开始，一直持续到过去的另一时间的动作，常用时间状语为：by/until/before/by the end of +“表示过去的某一时间”
By then he had learned English for 3 years.
Until then he had known nothing about it yet.
（3）表示愿望、打算的过去完成时表示过去没有实现的愿望或者意图。如：hope, expect, mean, intend, want, suppose 等。
I had hoped to see more of Shanghai. (但没有如愿)
I had thought you would come the next day.（但实际没来）
（4）用于某些固定句型里
A/ Hardly/Scarcely/Barely ...when...和No sooner… than…句型中，when 和than 从句里用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，且用倒装，表示“刚刚....就....”.
Hardly/No sooner had I got home when/than the train poured down.
Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre.
B/ It was/had been+一段时间+since从句。That从句的谓语要用过去完成时。
It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.
C/ That/It/This was the first /second ...time+ that 从句。That从句的谓语要用过去完成时。
It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake.
四．完成体进行体
1.现在完成进行体：have/has+ been+ doing
2.现在完成进行体是现在完成时和现在进行时的组合，因此，它既具备现在完成时的特征，又具备现在进行时的特征。即它具备进行体的“未完成性，暂时性、感情色彩”。
He has been learning English for 6 years.
It has been raining for 3 days.
五．动词时态的呼应
（一）主将从现（主句用将来时，从句用现在时）
Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.
If she is still waiting, tell her to go home.
（二）含宾语从句的句子的时态一致问题
宾语从句中的动词时态受主句谓语时态的制约，但主句谓语为现在时或将来时，从句中谓语可以不受影响。
He says his father is /was/will be a teacher.
如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词一般用过去的时态。
I was sure he was in bed.（主句动作与从句动作同时发生）
He thought he was working for the people.（主句动作发生时，从句动作正在进行）
I wondered if she had got well.（get well 先于wondered 发生）
He wanted to know what she had been doing.（do从过去发生，直至wanted且在wanted）
I hoped I’d find a job soon.（find在hoped之后发生）
I thought she’d be going by bus.（go by bus在though之后发生）
注：
1.当主句为过去时，且宾语从句有明确的表过去的时间状语时，可不用过去完成时而用一般过去时。
I knew he was born in 1991.
2.当宾语从句表达永恒真理的时候，谓语动词不必变为过去时，采用一般现在时。
This proved that the earth is round.
（三）含虚拟语气的句子中时态一致问题
1. 在“would(should/ought to/could/might/needn’t/would like to等) have d one sth, but......”句型中，but后面的谓语动词需要用一般过去时或者过去进行时。
He should have turned up but he had an unexpected visitor.
2.在“But for the fact that......”句型中，that 从句的谓语动词需用一般过去时或过去进行时。
But for the fact that he is busy now, he would be here.
3.It is (high/about) time+ that 从句，that从句中谓语动词需用一般过去时或should +动词原形。
It is time that we went to bed.
六．易混时态的区别
（一）一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
一般过去时所表示的时间是确定的，纯属过去；现在完成时说的是现在的情况。
He served in the army from 2005 to 2010.（过去）
He has served in the army for 5 years.（现在）
He wrote many plays when he was at college.（过去）
He has written many plays.（现在）
（二）一般过去时和过去完成时的区别
1.一般过去时指过去的动作或情况，而过去完成时指在过去的一个动词或者时间之前发生的动作或情况。
He had learned 3,000 English words before he came to this school.
2.过去完成时的时间状语常用by或before 和before 引导的短语或句子表示，如by that time, by the end of,before2010,by the time+句子（一般过去时）
He had finished writing the book by the end of last month.
（三）过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
两种都常与表示一段时间的状语连用。但现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或同现在有关的动作，而过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去时的动作。
She had been ill for a week before she came back.
She has been ill for a week.
正确时态填空
1.Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she (teach) a class at that time.
2.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody (see) them since.
3.----Hi, let’s go skating.
----Sorry, I’m busy right now. I (fill) in an application form for a new job.
4.I’m calling about the apartment you (advertise) the other day. Could you tell me more about it?
5.During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs (increase) sharply.
6. Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we (expect).
7. They made up their mind that they (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.
8. Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she (see) most of the guests before.
9. Close the door of fear behind you, and you (see) the door of faith open before you.
10. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he (meet) some European business partners.
答案；1.will be teaching 2.has seen 3.am filling 4.advertised 5.has increased 6.had expected
7.would buy 8.had seen 9.will see 10.had met
清单二动词的语态
一. 被动语态：
1.构成由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，助动词be随着主语的人称、数和句子的时态的不同而变化。被动语态形式
体时现在过去将来过去将来
一般is/am/are done was/were done will/shall be done would/should be done
进行is/am/are being done was/were being done ------ ------
完成have/has been done had been done ------- ------
完成进行------ ------ ------- ------
2.用法
（1）不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指明动作的执行者。
---The window is dirty.
---I know. It hasn’t been cleaned for weeks.
（2）需要强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身。
All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.
（3）在文章标题、广告、新闻中。
Girls Wanted!
Five-Year-Old Boy Kidnapped!
（4）当动作的执行者不是人的时。
The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.
3.注意动词短语的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态。
That old man was often laughed at.
The plan will be given up.
注：在被动语态结构中，切不可丢掉后面的介词或副词）
He must be prevented from going.
The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.
（谓语结构是：情态动词+be+过去分词）
4.“get +过去分词”可以表示被动，比较口语化。
The patient got treated once a week.
He fell off the car and got killed.
二．主动形式表被动意义
1.“系动词look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,turn,stay,become,get,grow,keep等+形容词/名词”构成系表结构。The steel feels cold.
It has gone bad.
2.表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move等
Work began at 7 o’clock this morning.
The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.
3.表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如read,write,act,iron,cut,draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,cook,dry,
eat ,drink 等。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有修饰语easily,well,beautifully等。
This coat dries easily.
Nylon cleans easily.
The match won’t catch.
4.少数动词用于进行时，其主动形式表被动含义。如print, cook, sell等。
The meat is cooking.
5.“介词in, on, under等+名词”表被动意义
表示方位或目的的介词与含动作含义的名词合用，含被动的意义，相当于该名词相对应的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。
under control ,under treatment, under repair, under discussion ,beyond belief, beyond one’s reach,
beyond one’s control , for sale, in print, in sight, on sale, on trail, out of control, out of sight, out of fashion
The rumor is beyond belief(=can’t be believed).
Today some treasure are on show(=are being shown) in the museum.
6.不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：have, wish, cost, date back to, agree with, arrived at/in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from ,take part in, walk into/enter, belong to等。
This key just fits the lock.
7.be to blame （该受责备，对某件坏事应负责）与be to let（待出租）两种结构中，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
Which driver is to blame for the accident?
This house is to let.
题组训练
1.If nothing (do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
2.Hundreds of jobs (lose) if the factory closes.
3.A new cinema (build) here. They hope to finish it next month.
答案：1. is done 2.will be lost 3.is being built
清单三主谓一致
主谓一致是指在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可根据三种原则来确定：语法一致原则（主语的单复数决定谓语的单复数）、意义一致原则（形式单数，意义复数或者形式复数，意义单数的名词，要根据其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数）、就近原则（谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近的主语）。
一．并列主语的主谓一致
1.两个单数名词或不可数名词用and连接，表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数。
Steam and ice are different forms of water.
2.两个单数名词用and连接表示同一人、同一物或同一概念，或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语动词任用单数。
Trial and error is the source of our knowledge.
3.被every, each, many a, no 等限定的名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数。
Each boy and each girl has an apple.
Many a teacher and many a student has seen the film.
4.一个单数名词或不可数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语时，要根据意义一致原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。
English and American literature are appealing to her.
Simple and plain living is a fine quality.
5.由or, not, either....or, neither....nor, not only.....but(also)连接的并列主语，通常考虑就近原则，谓语要和邻近主语的
单复数保持一致。
One or two friends are coming this evening.
Either you or I am going to be in charge of this matter.
6.单数名词作主语，后跟with, along with, together with, as well as, rather than, but, except 等加其他名词时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
Dr. Smith, together with his wife, is to arrive on the evening flight.
Nobody but one teacher and three students was in the laboratory.
二．某些名词作主语时的谓语一致
1.集体名词family, class, crew, team, group, public, audience, crowd, government, committee等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要根据意义一致原则，当把集体名词作为一个整体来看待时，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指其中各个成员时，谓语动词常用复数形式。
The class consists of twenty-five boys and twenty girls.
The class are doing experiments.
2.由两部分构成的表示物体的名词，如trousers, pants, jeans, compasses, glasses, shoes等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。但如果这类名词前, a pair of/two(three)....pairs of来修饰，谓语动词的单复数往往取决于pair的单复数形式。
These trousers need cleaning.
This pair of trousers is mine.
三．数词与量词作主语的主谓一致
1.表示时间、重量、距离、价格、体积等的名词的复数形式作主语时，通常作整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。
Twenty years is a long time in one’s life.
20,000 dollars is not a small sum of money.
2.分数和百分数修饰可数或不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式取决于它们所表示的意义。
Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday.
About 20 percent of the students are absent today.
3.由“kind (form/type/sort/species/portion/series) of”等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词。
All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome.
A series of debates between the lectures is scheduled for Friday.
4.“a number of （一些）”“a variety of （各种各样）”和“a group of （一群，一组）”修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但是“the number of（.....的数目）”和“the variety of （....的种类）”修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
A number of students are from the south.
The number of students from the north is small.
A variety of goods are on sale in the shop.
The variety of goods on sale in the shop is surprisingly wide.
题组训练
1.No one in the department but Tom and I (know) that the director is going to resign.
2.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth (be) being washed away each year.
3.Such poets as Shakespeare (be) widely read, of whose works, however, some are difficult to understand.
答案：1.knows 2.are 3.are
时态、语态及主谓一致
练习一
1.Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he (be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.
2.In the last few years ,China (make)great achievements in environmental protection.
3.---Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?
----Not really. She (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.
4.----Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
----All right. I (call) him later.
5.The real reason why prices (be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
6.Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I (leave) my book in the cafe.
7.---Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere.
----He went to the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since.
8.As you go through this book, you (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
9.I wasn’t able to hide my eagerness when I (ask),“What do you wish me to do now?”
10.He must have sensed that I (look) at him. He suddenly glanced at me and sa id quietly ,“Why are you staring at me like that?”
11.Marty (work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.
12.----Is Peter coming?
------No, he (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
13.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement (reach) so far by the two sides.
14.----Did you enjoy the party?
----Yes. We (treat) well by our hosts.
15.It is reported that a space station (build) on the moon in years to come.
16.To my delight, I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
17.I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but (hold) back thankfully by the shop window.
18.During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried al most all the local foods his friends (recommend).
19.Since the time humankind started gardening, we (try) to make our environment more beautiful.
20.She (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
21.-----Tony, why are your eyes red?
------I (cut) up papers for the last five minutes.
22.When I first meet Bryan I didn’t like him, but I (change) my mind.
23.Hurry up! Mark and Carol (expect) us.
24.The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers (repair) one of the main pipes.
25.I felt very tired when I got home, and I (go) straight to bed.
26.I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it (be) pretty good.
27.He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he (have)it for a very long time.
28.Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat(bother) us.
29.Hurry up, kids! The school bus (wait) for us.
30.Peter had intended to take a job in business, but (abandon) that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010.
31.“Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say,” because every step (show).”
32.I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers (swim) before my eyes.
33.Walmart ,which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, (keep) some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.
34.The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he (start).
35.I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I (fly) to Shanghai.
36.The three of us (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer.
37.That piece of music sounds quiet familiar. Who (play) the piano upstairs?
38.Planning so far ahead (make) no sense----so many things will have changed by next year.
39.When Alice came to life, she did not know how long she (lie) there.
40.If you don’t like the drink you (order), just leave it and try a different one.
41.On her next birthday, Ann (marry) for twenty years.
练习二
1.Jack had planned to open a restaurant in Beijing, but (change) his mind after winning a gold medal in the competition.
2.Yesterday, my father was so lost in thought that he didn’t realize he (run) the red lights.
3.It is the third time so far that such a festival (hold) in my hometown.
4.My English teacher, as well as her students, (invite) to perform at the party last night.
5.The results of the final examination (make) known to the students soon.
6.Sorry, I can’t return the book today. Actually, I (cover) half of it.
7.-----The autumn outing has been cancelled this year.
----- Really? What a pity! We (expect) it.
8.-----Haven’t seen him for a couple of days.
----- He (make) preparations for the English speech contest due to take place next week.
9.---- Why do you look so worried?
----My computer broke down and my essay (leave) unfinished since.
10.In my childhood, my grandma used to say “helping others means helping yourself”, which(have) a deep effect on me all my life.
11.-----Have you finished the arrangement of the hall?
-----Yes. I (work) on it for two hours.
12.----If I hadn’t been caught in the heavy rain, I could have been back by 7 o’clock.
-----What a pity! Stella (be) here to see you.
13.Tom was sorry to learn that his grandfather (die) for half an hour when he got to the hospital.
14.It is reported that China (complete) its first orbiting space station by around 2022.
15.----Have you got the sleeping bag needed for the camping this weekend?
------ Yes, I (buy) it almost the moment I heard the news.
16.At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement (reach).
17.Tommy (tell) many times, but he still could not understand it.
18.More than one doctor (be) involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.
19.It is reported that many a new house (build) at present in the disaster area in Gansu Province.
20.The tourism of Linyi (see) a rapid growth over the last decade. Now it’s the second most visited city in Shandong Province.
21.Jack doe sn’t smoke now, but he (smoke) for almost twenty years.
22.If only I had got up a little earlier this morning! I (miss) the bus by only a minute and waited half an hour for another.
23.---That must have been a terrible experience.
--- Yeah. I (stick) in the damaged car, unable to move.
24.This brand of knife is quiet popular with customers, for it (cut) well.
练习三
Passage 1（用所给词的适当形式填空）
My best friend Kaiya is like me.She__1__(remind) me of myself. In the past，I__2__(be)never confident because of my appearance. People always laughed at my weight，my height，my hairstyle，etc. At that time，I was the shortest student in my class. I started getting depressed. However，someone told me something that I will always remember. It was in March. Surrounded by a group of girls who__3__(point) at me and laughed at me，I couldn't help crying. The tears rolled down my face like a rushing river. To my surprise，someone lifted my head up and wiped the tears from my eyes.
I then knew it was our English teacher，Miss Li. She said，“You__4__(be)perfect the way you are. You should never change or hate yourself.People__5____(accept)you for who you__6__(be).But if you cannot accept yourself，then how will other people accept you?”I__7__(i nspire)by her words. Over the past few months，I__8__(learn)that no one is perfect and that we all have flaws. Now I have wonderful friends who__9__(love) me for who I am.
Now, seeing Kaiya cry, I decide to tell her the same thing Miss Li__10__(tell) me.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.______________
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.______________
答案
练习一
1.was going to
2.has made
3.had given
4.will call
5.were
6.had left
7.has been writing
8.will find
9.asked 10.was looking 11.has been working/is working 12.changed 13.has been reached 14.were treated 15.will be built 16.was chosen 17.was held 18.had recommended 19.have been trying 20.was phoning 21.have been cutting 22.have changed 23.are excepting 24.are repairing 25.went 26.was 27.had had 28.bothers 29.is waiting 30.abandoned 31.shows 32.swam 33.keeps 34.started 35.will be flying 36.traveled 37.is playing 38.makes 39.had been lying 40.ordered 41.will have been married
练习二
1.changed
2.was running
3.has been held
4.was invited
5.will be made
6.have covered
7.have been excepting
8.is making
9.has been left 10.has had 11.worked 12.was 13.had been dead 14.will have completed 15.bought 16.had been reached 17.had been told 18.was 19.is being built 20.has seen 21.smoked 22.missed 23.was stuck 24.cuts
练习三
1.reminds
2.was
3.pointed
4.are
5.will accept
6.are
7.was inspired
8.have learned
9.love 10.told
一般现在时练习题 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。 eat read do take wash watch have carry study f ly catch go have cook look sing teach like get come play 二、用单词的正确形式填空： 1.Mike ___________ (do) his homework every day. 2.There ____________ (be) some water in the glass. 3.We like ____________ (play) basketball after class. 4.I like singing. I often ____________ (listen) to the music in the evening. 5.My grandma ___________ (watch) TV every day. 三、选择最佳的答案： 1. ____Alice often play the piano? No, she _____. A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesn't 2. ___ your penfriend __ in Beijing? A. Do; live B. Do; lives C. Does; live 3. Tom and Mike __ very excited, they will take a trip. A. is B. are C. am 4. I like ________ very much. What about you? A. dance B. danced C. dancing 5. I can’t find my pen. Let me __. A. go and ask her B. go and ask hers C. go and ask she 6. Fangfang is a good student. She ____maths. A. does good at B. well do it C. is good at
高中英语语法(时态和语态) 一．动词的时态 时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常见的只有九种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。 (一）一般现在时（do / does） 1．具体用法 1) 表示经常性或习惯性动作 We always care for each other and help each other. 我们总是互相关心互相帮助。 He goes to school every day. 2)表示现在的特征或状态 He is very happy. Do you sing? ----A little. 3)表示普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound. 光速比声速快。 Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜过言语。 * 常与一般现在时态连用的词或短语主要有：often, usually, sometimes, every day, every morning/afternoon, on Sundays/weekends等等。 I often go to the cinema on Sundays. 我经常星期天去看电影。 He goes to work early every day. 他每天上班很早。 （二）一般过去时( did ) （1）表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例如： We went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film. （2）表示过去习惯性动作。例如： He always went to class last. I used to do my homework in the library. （三）一般将来时( will / shall do) 1）表示将来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例如： I shall graduate next year. 2）一般将来时有时可以表示一种倾向或习惯性动作。如 Crops will die without water. You won’t succeed with out their support. 3) 几种替代形式： *be going to +v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或将发生的事情。例如： I'm going to buy a house when we've saved enough money. *be to +v表示计划安排要做的事，具有"必要"的强制性意义。例如： I am to play tennis this afternoon. *be about to +v表示即将发生的事情。例如： He was about to start. *be due to +v表示预先确定了的事，必定发生的事。例如： The train is due to depart in ten minutes. 5）少数动词如：begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等的一般现在时可用来表示将来的动作。（多用来表示按计划事先安排好即将发生的动作，句中通常还有一个表示将来的时间状语）。例如： The meeting begins at seven.
2020年高考英语二轮复习 第一讲动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式： 1. Since the United Nations declared June 21 the International Day of Yoga in 2014 , many cities in China_______(start)hosting international yoga festivals. 【答案】(现在完成时）have started 【解析】句意：自从联合国在2014年宣布6月21日为国际瑜伽日以来，中国的许多城市已经开始举办国际瑜伽节。此处since(自从……以来）引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，句子主语cities是复数形式，所以谓语动词也用复数形式。 2. Over the past decade, a global push to reduce hunger and extreme poverty______(mark) some significant successes. 【答案】(现在完成时）has marked 【解析】由时间状语Over the past decade可知，句子表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，故用现在完成时，主语a global push是第三人称单数，谓语动词也用单数形式。 3 . The twins , who _______ ( finish ) their homework , were allowed to play badminton in the playground. 【答案】(过去完成时）had finished 【解析】此处表示这对双胞胎完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球（过去式）之前，所以完成作业应该使用过去完成时。 4. It is the first time that I______(punish) students. 【答案】(现在完成时）have punished 【解析】考查固定句型中的时态：It/This/That is the first time that sb. has done sth. ;It/This/That was the first time that sb. had done sth.。 5.While _________(pick) the tea, he received the news of his mother being ill ,so he carelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and _______(leave) Hangzhou for Beijing 【答案】(现在分词）picking;(一般过去时）left 【解析】句意：在摘茶叶的时候，他收到了母亲生病的消息，所以他不小心把叶子放在他右边的袖子里，离开杭州去了北京。第一空所在句省略的主语he和pick之间是主谓关系，所以用现在分词。第二空，由and 可知此处与put是并列谓语，故填left。
课程教案 ——时态专题 模块一：现在进行时 Warm-up 请观察下列句子，并寻找其中的规律： 1.I'm drawing pictures. 2.I'm reading a book in the library. 3.She is jumping. 4.It's eating bananas. 5.They're climbing trees. 6.He is swimming. Presentation I. 现在进行时的定义：现在进行时一般表示正在进行的动作或事情，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 II. 请看下列例子： I am reading a book in the classroom. Mary is swimming in the sea. They are eating lunch now. 主语是实际的人/物/代词be动词要和主语一致动词的现在分词地点状语/时间状语通常 在句末 III．现在进行时的句型结构及举例： 句式句型结构及例子 肯定式主语+ be (am / is / are) + 动词的分词形式+ 其他Lucy is watching TV now. 否定式主语+ be (am / is / are) + not+ 动词的分词形式+ 其他I am not reading a book in the classroom. 一般疑问句式Be (am / is / are) +主语+ 动词的分词形式+ 其他—Are you having a picnic? —No, we aren’t. —Are they eating the honey? —Yes, they are. 疑问词+ be (am / is / are) +主语+ 动词的分词形式？
高考英语语法专题复习动词时态和语态 Document number：PBGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-PTT1998
高考英语语法复习专题：动词时态和语态 一、考点聚焦 1、动词时态考查要点简述 （1）一般现在时考点分析 ①表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制） The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100o C. ②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用 动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other. ③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如： I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to Middle School. ④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。 ⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一 个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。 The shop closes at 11:00 . every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday.
专题限时检测（四）时态、语态和主谓一致 (共3组，限时25分钟) [模拟题组一] 1．(2019·泰州模拟)With the application of 5G technology ________ profound changes in almost all fields throughout the world. A．will come B．are coming C．comes D．come 解析：选 D 该句为倒装句，正常的语序是：profound changes in almost all fields throughout the world come with the application of 5G technology。主语是profound changes。因为该句表达一个客观的事实，所以用一般现在时。 2．(2019·扬州模拟)—I will have two final exams tomorrow. —Me too. So you ________ any sympathy from me here. A．aren't getting B．didn't get C．hadn't got D．haven't got 解析：选A 句意：“我明天有两门期末考试。”“我也是，因此你将不会从我这得到任何同情。”此处用现在进行时表将来。 3．(2019·南京、盐城模拟)—I hear you'll cancel all your plans and appointments. Why? —They ________ my life. I just can't stop. A．control B．controlled C．have controlled D．have been controlling 解析：选D 句意：“我听说你取消了你所有的计划和预约，为什么呢？”“因为它们一直在掌控我的生活，我控制不了了。”表示从过去到现在一直在发生，没有间断的动作，用现在完成进行时。 4．(2019·南通七市模拟)—Professor Li is wanted on the phone. Where is he? —I saw him coming, but in a minute, he ________. A．will disappear B．has disappeared C．disappears D．disappeared 解析：选D 句意：“电话里有人在找李教授，他现在在哪呢？”“我刚刚看见他走来了，但一会儿后他却消失了。”saw对应过去时，消失也是刚刚一个瞬间的事情，用过去时。5．(2019·苏、锡、常、镇模拟)With people paying attention to fitness, self-service mini-gyms, each covering about 5 square meters, ________ in China's major cities these years. A．have sprung up B．sprang up
一般过去时练习（一） 一、写出下列动词的过去式 1. is\am_________ 2. fly _______ 3. plant________ 4. are ________ 5. drink_________ 6. play _______ 7. go ________ 8. make_______ 9. does_________ 10. dance________ 11. worry________ 12. ask ___ __ 13. taste_________ 14. eat__________ 15. draw ________ 16. put _ _____ 17. throw________ 18. kick_________ 19. pass _______ 20. do ________ 二、用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _______ at school just now. 2. He ________ at the library last week. 3. We ________ students two years ago. 4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year. 6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The cat _______ on the sofa yesterday evening. 9. She _______ happy yesterday. 10.They _______ glad to see each other last month. 11. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends. 12. The little dog _____ two years old this year. 13. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 14. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.. 15. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday _____ the first of June. It __ ___ Children’s Day. All the students ____ very excited.
高考英语——动词的时态和语态（专项练习题） 单句语法填空 1．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than ________ (divide) us. 2．Silk ________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 3．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that ________(reflect) my interest. 4．More efforts，as reported，________(make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply－side structural reform. 5．Dashan，who ________ (learn)crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand－up tradition. 6．When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ________ (see) for years. 7．Two years ago，while Cathy ________ (watch) the Olympics，a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. 8．Jack ________(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 9.I ________(read)half of the English novel，and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. 10．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ (reward)success in the end. 11．—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We ________ (wait)here for more than two hours. 12．Secret codes keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information ________ (send)by computer. 13．People in this area are in fact French citizens because it________(be) a colony of the French Republic since 1946.
一般将来时： 定义：一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。 构成：（1）be going to + 动词原形 （2）will/shall + do 用法：1）表示将来的动作或状态 一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用，如： tomorrow（明天），next week（下周），from now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来）；someday (未 来的某一天) 等。 2）表示将来经常发生的动作 I’ll teach you English every Wednesday next month. ★★★“be going to+动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。 例如：①It is going to rain. 要下雨了。 ②We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们开会。 Step Three: Do Some Exercise 一、用will 或will not 以及括号中的动词完成句子 1、I a Chinese song.(sing) 2、Sally the tennis match.(not win) 3、You the one-day trip to Guangzhou.(enjoy) 4、Flora at home this weekend.(not stay) 二、用括号内的词和be going to 完成问答 1、(when/we/ have dinner? We / it / at seven o’clock) A When are we going to have dinner? B We are going to have it at seven o’clock. 2、(Where / you /meet your friends? We / them /at the school gate) A B
高中英语语法复习讲义——动词的时态 一. 概念: 时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式，表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态，但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，过去将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时，过去完成时，英在完成时和现在完成进行时. 二.相关知识点精讲 1.一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…，sometimes，at…，on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3) 表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了? 2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：
高考英语语法一轮复习──动词的时态和语态 一、现在时 1. 一般现在时：基本结构：do / does / be (am/is/are) 用法： (1) 表示现在的习惯动作、状态。 (2) 表示客观规律、真理；特征、性格等。 (3) 用于标题，小说、剧本、图片等中的情节介绍。 (4) 用于时间、条件、让步状从中，表将来。 (5) 表示按计划、规定的时间发生的动作，如时刻表等。仅限于come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 等趋向动词。 (6) 用于一些完全倒装句，表示进行意义。 2. 现在进行时：基本结构：be(am/is/are) doing; 用法： (1) 表示现在、现阶段正在发生、进行的动作。 (2) 表示按计划或已安排好的事情，只限于go, come, leave, arrive, start, return, stay, sail, fly 等动词。 (3) 与always, forever, constantly, continually等副词连用，表示反复出现的习惯性动作，往往含有赞赏或 厌恶的感情色彩。 注意：1. 表示感觉、心理、结果性的动词一般不用于进行时。 2. 常见表进行的副词、介短：in progress in operation on show 3. 现在完成时：基本结构：have/has done 用法： (1) 过去发生且结束，但对现在造成影响。 (2) 过去发生且持续到现在。 (3) 在以下两个句型中，其从句要求用现在完成时： It (This) is the first (last, second, third) time that… It (This) is the best (worst, most interesting,…) + n. + that… 4.现在完成进行时：基本结构：have/has been doing… 用法：表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。 巩固练习： 1. I’ve won a holiday for two days to Florida. I ________ my mum. A. am taking B. have taken C. will have taken D. take 2. Because farmland ________ quickly, the government is considering solving the problem. A. is being lost B. is lost C. is losing D. loses 3. John and I ________ friends for 8 years. We first got to know each other at a party. But we ________ each other a couple of times before that. A. had been; have been B. have been; have been C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen 4. Dad will come to see me when I ________ the training course. A. will have finished B. will finish C. are finishing D. Finish 5. —Did he notice you enter the room? —I don’t think so. He ________ to the radio with his eyes shut. A. listened B. was listening C. has listened D. had listened 6. We ________ our new neighbors yet, so we don’t know their names. A. don’t meet B. won’t meet C. haven’t met D. hadn’t met 7. I have to go to work by taxi because my car ________ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. be repaired
2018 时态、语态和主谓- -致练习测试题 单句填空 1. My dad thinks I should take the offer now; but at the moment, school _______(come)first. 2. Sarah ______(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. 3.So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research; I _________(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 4. Truly elegant chopsticks might____ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 5. The giant panda ______(love) by people throughout the world. 6. Then，after two and a half years，the mother _________(drive) the young panda away. 7. Yangshuo _________(be) really beautiful; a study of travellers conducted by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 8. It was raining lightly when I_____ (arrive) in UK just before dawn. 9. This cycle _______(go)day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消)for the outside temperatures. 10.- -Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house? -Not really. She _________(give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. 11.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ________(leave). 12. _________(do)you call that company to see how they think of our product yesterday? 一Yes. They are happy with it. 13. They made up their mind that they _______ (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs. 14. Unless some extra money ________(find), the theatre will close. 15. Walmart, which is one of the largest Amer ican supermarket chains, _______(keep) some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. 16. On the top of the buoy ________(place)a bell, which would ring whenever any ship got closer. 17. In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains _______(force) village shops across the country to close. 18. Jack _______(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 19. Every possible means_____ (use) to prevent the air pollution so far, but the sky is still not clear. 20. In the last few years, China _________(make) great achievements in environmental protection. 21. John as well as the other children who have no parents _________(take) good care of in the village now. . 22. The results of the final examination ________(make) known to the students soon. 23. Some office equipment，including two desks and two computers，____ (sell) a few minutes ago. 24. The Smiths _________(have) their breakfast when The Morning Post came. 25. ___________(be) either he or I to attend the meeting tomorrow evening? 答案
牛津小学英语时态复习及专项练习
牛津小学英语时态复习及专项练习 语法及练习1 be动词 Be 动词的用法： (1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，复数全用are。 (2) 肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. (3) 一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. 用恰当的be动词填空。 1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The girl______ Jack's sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom? . 语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词 人称代词和物主代词
1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。 2．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。 一.填写代词表主格。 I it we you them his your hers 二.用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I ) 2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 3. Is thi s _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 4. _________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he ) 5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
高考英语语法时态复习教案 君山区第一中学杨春霞 Step 1：导入（用一个小幽默故事导入时态复习） The Father and His Son Father: You know, Tom, when Lincoln ___(be) your age, he ___(be) a very good pupil. In fact, he ___(be) the best pupil in his class. Tom: Yes, Father. I ____ (know) that. But when he ____(be) your age, he____ (be) President of the United States. Step2：高考命题思路 动词的时态和语态是历年高考英语测试的重中之重，每年试题一般不低于两道。命题思路有三种： 一是直接给出标志性时间状语，考生能根据其作出选择； 二是给出时间状语，但所给时间状语有较强的干扰性，考生不能直接根据时间状语作出选择，而需要结合语境进行判断； 三是没有任何时间状语，需要借助于上下文语境，才能作出正确判断。 Step 3 应考策略 高考命题中往往不会涉及单一的时态，而是更多地侧重于时态的交叉使用和时态干扰。 考生答题时要认真研读题干，寻找尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其是句中其他动词的时态，以及修饰动词的状语信息等等。关于被动语态题，做题时应首先根据主语与谓语的关系确定是否是被动关系，然后再根据有关时间信息确定用哪种时态。 Step 4： 最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配 一般现在every …, sometimes,at …, on Sunday 现在进行now, 现在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般过去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now
英语第二节 英語的时态和语态 一、一般现在时的用法 基本结构:主语+be + adj./ n./ 主语+V(S) (1)表示表示现在的状态、特征或经常性、习惯性的动作;句中常用often, usually, every…, sometimes 等时间状语。 a. He is very happy. b. He is ready to help others. c. I often take exercise in the morning.我经常在早上做运动。 d. He goes to school by bike every day. 他每天骑车去上学。 想一想:把上面的句子变成否定句和疑问句 (2) 由连词if , unless, before, as soon as, when , once, 等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。 a. If you come this afternoon, we?ll have a meeting. 如果你今天下午过来,我们将开个会。 b. I won?t go to the party unless I am invited. (3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作(句中都带有时间状语)
a. The meeting begins at seven. 会议七点开始。 b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 上午九点开始下雨。 高考题 If we now to protect the environment, we?ll live to re gret it. 2013高考全国卷 A. hadn't acted B. haven't acted C. don't act D. won't act 二、一般过去时的用法 构成:主语+was/ were +adj/n. 主语+v-ed 1)在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如: a. When I was young I was very thin. b. Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了? 2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。例如: