03 上海市2018年高考英语完形专练【近两年联考】

2018年高考英语年全国卷完形填汇总及答案2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(I卷)第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, c alled Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s46 . I could hardly wait to 47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and, 52 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use what he 55 me: “The absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options.” These words stil l ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest47. A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat48. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally53. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill57. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior(II)卷Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 , I realized one kayak (皮筏艇) was in 47 . “Something’s no t 48 !” I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors, I helped 51 the young man out of water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 “What’s his name?”I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son.The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 , after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. “I just want to say thank you,” he said. “You 58 my life!”I still can’t bel ieve what a 59 it was. I’m just so glad I was there 60 to help my son.41. A. also B. often C. even D. last42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed44. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle45. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell50. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking51. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep52. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed53. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar54.A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew55. A. Fortunately B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly56. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave57. A. joked B. returned C. listened D. pointed58. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided59. A. coincidence B. change C. pity D. pain60. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose（III）卷When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say “sorry, _____41_____ number!” and move on. But when Dennis Williams _____42_____ a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something _____43_____ .On March 19, Dennis got a group text _____44_____ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the _____45_____ of a baby.“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,” Dennis _____46_____ . The baby was born and update texts were _____47_____ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her _____48_____ , she didn’t seem to realize that she was _____49_____ the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. “Well, I don’t _____50_____ you all but I will get there to take pic tures with the baby,” replied Dennis before asking which room the new _____51_____ were in.Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his _____52_____! He turned up at the hospital _____53_____ gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindse y’s husband was totally _____54_____ by the unexpected visit. “I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we _____55_____ it and the gifts.”Teresa _____56_____ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website_____57_____ by the touching words: “What a _____58_____ this young man was to our family! He was so _____59_____ and kind to do this.” The post has since gained the _____60_____ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated47. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust参考答案：(I卷)41-45. BCADD 46-50. CBDCB 51-55. CACBA 55-60. DBADA(II卷)41-45. DACCA 46-50. BABCD 51-55. CBDDA 55-60. DBCAB(III卷)41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D46. A 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. C56. D 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. B。

上海高考英语完形填空专练题及答案Some personal characteristics play an important role in the development of one’s intelligence. But people fail to realize the importance of training these factors in young people.The so-called ‘non-intelligence factors’非智力因素include 36 feelings, will, motivation, interests and habits. After a 30-year follow-up study of8000 males, American psychologists 37 that themain cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence 38 , but non-intelligence factors including the desire to learn, will power and self-confidence.39 people all know that one should have definite objectives, a strong will and good learning habits, quite a number of teachers and parents don’t pay much attention to 40 these factors.Some parents are greatly worried 41 their children fail to do well intheir studies. They blame either genetic factors, malnutrition,营养不良or laziness, but they never take 42 considerationthese non-intelligence f actors. At the same time, some teachers don’t inquire into these reasons 43 students do poorly. They simply give them more courses and exercises, or 44 criticize orlaugh at them. After all, these students lose self-confidence. Some of them just feel defeated and 45 themselves up as hopeless. Others may go astray迷途because they are sick of learning. 46investigation of more than 1,000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 46.5 per cent of them were 47 of learning, because of examinations, 3 per cent lacked persistence,initiative主动and consciousness and 10.3 per cent were sick of learning.It is clear 48 the lack of cultivation培养of non-intelligence factors has been a main 49 to intelligence development in teenagers. It even causes an imbalance between physiological and 50development among a few students.If we don’t start now to 51 the cultivation of non-intelligence factors,it will not only affect the development of the 52 of teenagers, but alsoaffect the quality of a whole generation.Some experts have put forward 53 about how to cultivate students’ non-intelligence factors.First, parents and teachers should 54 understand teenage psychology. On this basis, they can help them to pursue调动the objectives of learning, 55 their interests and toughening theirwillpower.36. A. one’s B. their C. his D. her37. A. came out B. found out C. made out D. worked out38. A. in itself B. by itself C. itself D. on its own39. A. Though B. Nevertheless C. However D. Moreover40. A. believing B. studying C. cultivating D. developing41. A. about B. when C. how D. whether42. A. for B. in C. into D. over43. A. why B. that C. when D. how44. A. ever B. even C. still D. more45. A. put B. get C. handle D. give46. A. The B. An C. Another D. A47. A. afraid B. ahead C. aware D. ashamed48. A. that B. how C. why D. which49. A. difficulty B. question C. threat D. obstacle障碍50. A. intelligent B. characteristic C. psychological D. physical51. A. practise B. push C. strengthen D. urge52. A. intelligence B. diligence C. maturity成熟 D. performance53. A. projects B. warnings C. suggestions D. decision54. A. fully B. greatly C. very D. highly55. A. insuring B. going C. encouraging D. exciting36 A人们的非智力因素包括其情感、意志、动机、兴趣和习惯。

精选全文完整版2018年高考英语真题完形填空分类汇编一、完形填空（共7题；共140分）1.（2018•卷Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 1 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn't want to 2 a few dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren't 3 enough about free credits, news about our4 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which5 I would be learning from one of the game's6 ,I could hardly wait to7 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 8 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he make it 9 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 10 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 11 what we would learn in class to our future professions and12 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 13 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 14 .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he 15 me: "The absolute most important 16 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good17 .On every single move you have to 18 a situation, process what your opponent(对手) is doing and 19 the best move from among all your options."These words still ring true today in my 20 as a journalist.1. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down2. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay3. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired4. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor5. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant6. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest7. A. interciew B. meet C. challcnge D. beat8. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job9. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible10. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe11. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare12. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally13. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment14. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation15. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised16. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill17. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments18. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control19. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate20. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）D；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）C；（14）B；（15）D；（16）D；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）A；【考点】夹叙夹议，单项选择型，人物故事类【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一位大二的学生从学校的围棋课程以及围棋老师身上学到的人生哲理和对他十年后的生活和工作的影响。

【高考模拟】2018上海高考压轴卷英语Word版含解析绝密?启封前KS5U2018上海市高考压轴卷英语考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I卷(第1,12页)和第II卷(第13页)，全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。

第I卷(共103分)Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, readthe four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1. A. 2 liters. B. 13 liters. C. 26 liters. D. 52 liters.2. A. In an English class. B. In a swimming pool.C. On a bus.D. In a sporting goods store.3. A. By bus. B. By underground. C. By taxi. D. By car.4. A. Doctor and patient. B. Teacher and student. C. Employer and Employee. D. Salesman and customer.5. A. Have a lesson. B. Take a test.C. See a film.D. Go to bed.6. A. Difficult. B. Memorable.C. Uninteresting.D. Worthwhile.7. A. She wants a bottle of juice. B. She’d like some alcohol.C. The red wine in this bar is perfect.D. The location of the bar is unknow n. 8. A. An excellent résumé. B. An entry form.C. A job offer.D. The position of system engineer.9. A. It’s famous. B. It’s professional.C. It’s expensive.D. It’s cheating.10. A. The 26-month-old baby is always busy watching videos.B. TV and vi deos may hurt a child’s language development.C. Nothing can replace parents in kids’ language development.D. Children usually watch TV too passively to learn something.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passageswill be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following dialogue.11. A. Encouraging. B. Dishonest. C. Interesting. D. Nervous. 12. A. How to start his own business. B. How to develop a real interest.C. How to speak to a woman bravely.D. How to balance his study and work. 13. A. He has too loose a schedule. B. He loves the feeling with students.C. He is dissatisfied with his current job.D. He wants to determine his future development.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Kids threw litter everywhere.B. The camp director gave rude orders.C. Some mysterious plastic litter was found.D. Kids’ joint efforts led to a clean camp.15. A. By taking pictures of litter he picked up.B. By sharing photos of the terribly dirty planet.C. By keeping a record of crowdsourced cleaning-up.D. By inspiring kids to pick up five pieces of litter every day. 16.A. There is strength in numbers.B. Birds can help to pick up litter.C. Litter is artistic and approachable.D. More straws should be used in the café.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage. 17. A. To enable students to reject violence.B. To help students face struggles more properly.C. To improve students’ health.D. To eliminate poverty more effectively.18. A. How to calm down by talking to experts.B. How to clear their mind throughout the day.C. How to make their teachers happy.D. How to respond to situations better.19. A. More students dropped out last year.B. There is less bad behavior on campus.C. Students are less responsible for their study.D. More students are willing to be sent to the office. 20. A. Its effect remains to be seen.B. Everyone can benefit from it.C. It helps to get rid of poverty to some extent.D. There is enough evidence to show its significance.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.On the morning of September 11, 2001, computer sales manager Michael Hingson , who is blind , thwent early to his office on the 78 floor of the North Tower of the World Trade Center to prepare for a meeting . As Michael worked , his guide dog , a Labrador retriever ___21____(name) Roselle, dozed by his feet.At 8:46 a.m, a tremendous boom rocked the building , eliciting screams throughout the floor . Michael grabbed Roselle , trusting that the dog ___22____(lead) out of the danger, and they navigated their way to a stairwell.―Forward,‖ Machael instructed , and they descended the first of1,463 steps to thelobby.___23____ about ten floors , the stairwell grew crowded andhot ,and the fumes from jet fuel had made it hard to breathe. When a woman became crazy , yelling that they wouldn‘t make it. Roselle accompanied the woman ___24_____she finally petted the dog , calmed herself , and kept walking down the stairs.th Around the 30 floor, firefighters started passing Michael ontheir way up . Each one stopped to offer him assistance. He declined but let Roselle be petted, __25___ (provide) many of the firefighters with ____26___ would be their last experience of unconditional love.After about 45 minutes ,Michael and Roselle reached __27___booby ,and 15 minutes ater ,they emerged outside to a scene of chaos . Suddenly the police yelled for everyone to run as lthe South Tower began to collapse.Michael kept a tight grip on Roselle‘s harness , using voice and hand commands, as they ran to a street opposite the crumbling tower . The street bounced like a trampoline , and ―a deafening roar‖ like a hellish freight train filled the air. Hours later , Michael andRoselle made it home safely . At that moment , they thought they were___28____(lucky ) in the world.In 2004, Roselle developed a blood disorder , ___29___ prevented her from guiding and touring . She died in 2011.― I ___30___ (have) many other dogs ,‖ Mechael wrote , ―but there is only one Roselle.‖Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. catalogB. barelyC. freeD. self-consciousnessE. prospectsF. compulsoryG. droppedH. assignedI. certifiedJ. totallyK. transferFor thousands of commuting students, Chabot was our Columbia, Annapolis, even our Sorbonne, offering courses in physics, stenography, auto mechanics, ___31___ public accounting, foreign languages,journalism—name the art or science, the subject or trade, and it was probably in the ___32___. The college had a nursing program that churned out graduates, sports teams that funneled athletes to big-time programs, and parking for a few thousand cars—all ___33___, but for the effort and the cost of used textbooks.Classmates included veterans back from Vietnam, women of everymarital and maternal status returning to school, middle-aged men wanting to improve their employment ___34___ and paybacks. We could get our general education requirement out of the way at Chabot—credits we could ___35___ to a university—which made those two years an invaluable head start. I was able to go on to the California State University in Sacramento (at $95 a semester, just ___36___ affordable) and study no other subject but my major, theater arts. (After a year there I moved on, enrolling in a little thing called the School of Hard Knocks, a.k.a. Life.)―By some fluke of the punch-card computer era, I made Chabot‘sdean‘s list taking classes Iloved (oral interpretation), classes I hesitated (health, a requirement), classes I aced, and classes I ___37___ after the firsthour (astronomy, because it was all math). I nearly failed zoology,killing my fruit flies by neglect, but got lucky in an English course,―The College Reading Experience.‖ The books of Carlos Castaneda were incomprehensible to me (and still are), but my___38___ presentation on the analytic process called structural dynamics was hailed as clear andconcise, though I did nothing more than embellish the definition I had looked up in the dictionary.A public-speaking class was unforgettable for a couple of reasons. First, the assignments forced us to get over our ___39___. Second, another student was a stewardess, as flight attendants called themselves in the 70‘s. She was studying communications and was gorgeous. Shelived not far from me, and when my VW threw a rod and was in the shopfor a week, she offered me a lift to class. I rode shotgun that Monday-Wednesday-Friday, ___40___ tongue-tied. Communicating with her one-on-one was the antithesis of public speaking.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.It‘s a high-risky, multibillion-dollar industry with tight deadlines, demanding customers and lives in danger.The business is 41 . And it‘s booming.The number of jobs for translators and interpreters doubled in the past 10 years while their wagessteadily 42 before, during and after the recession. During a period of stagnating (停滞的)wages across the labor market, the language-service industry withits 50,000 jobs is a 43 spotin the jobs outlook.Lillian Clementi is a French translator working in corporate communications from her home in Arlington, Massachusetts and isroutinely on tight deadlines to hand in translated material. ―The risks can be huge,‖ said Clementi, ―There‘s tons of 44 pressure.‖In some cases, a(n) 45 translation or interpretation is also vital. If a user‘s guide for medical eq uipment is not translated well, it could lead to 46 during an emergency. Soldiers in conflict areas require excellent interpreters to speak with community members. Any change of tone or context could put lives 47 .Translators‘ and interpreters‘ immunity (免疫力) to the nation‘s economic downturn also 48the growing demand for people who can speak several languages in an increasingly globalized economy, experts said.―Good translators who 49 a particular subject and become really good at it can really make six-digit figures annually,‖ said Jiri Stejskal, spokesman for the American Translators Association. Multinational corporations, U.S. demographic (人口的) changes and the Internet economy raisethe need for translated and localized information. Companies increasingly want their content 50to the tongue of the town, even between dialects of the same language. ―As more people 51 the worldwide economy, that‘s going todrive more commerce, and that‘s going to drive more language services,‖ said Bill Rivers, exec utive director of the National Council for Language and International Studies in the Washington region.52 , qualifications for translators and interpreters are not assimple as they may seem. Speaking two languages does not mean a person can work in the language-service industry, experts said. Learning how to translate or interpret is a 53 skill beyond knowing the language.Furthermore, the most successful translators and interpretersmaintain a 54 , such as legaldocuments, quarterly earnings reports or a special knowledge of industry. Technological advances may cut jobs in some industries, but online translation services like Google Translate 55 raise demand for human translators and interpreters, experts said. Online sales companies also drive demand for translation.41(A. tourism B. language C. technology D. economy42(A. shrank B. changed C. grew D. remained43(A. bright B. scenic C. historic D. tough44(A. money B. peer C. blood D. time45(A. proper B. quick C. direct D. innovative46(A. disease B. depression C. violence D. confusion47(A. in order B. at risk C. under control D. out of state48(A. highlights B. understands C. increases D. resists49(A. set up B. depend on C. specialize in D. object to50(A. limited B. accustomed C. related D. tailored51(A. agree with B. have access to C. are confident of D. insist on 52(A. Instead B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise53(A. separate B. genetic C. learnable D. worthwhile54(A. certificate B. diploma C. strategy D. specialty55(A. automatically B. respectively C. actually D. immediatelySection BDirection:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality(虚拟现实)device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of theparticipants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best." The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video fromeach camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind ofslow synchronised(同步的)movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviourafterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias(偏见)that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself inanother's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person. The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really niceway to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."56(The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting57(We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes58(In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character,______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them59(It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantly(B)Welcome to the British Museum, the grandest and the most spectacular of human history. The admission is free and we open every day from 10:00 to 15:30. You can explore 10 departments including:The Department of Africa, Oceania and the AmericasThe collection of the Department of Africa, Oceania and the Americas includes around 350,000 objects. The scope of the collection is contemporary, and historical. It includes most of Africa, the Pacific and Australia, as well as the Americas. All of the collections were got during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and date from this time.The Department of AsiaThe Department of Asia covers the material and visual cultures of Asia – a vast geographical areaof Japan, Korea, China, Central Asia, Afghanistan, South Asia and South-East Asia. The collection dates from about 4000 BC, to the present day. It represents the cultures and ways of life of local people and other minority groups.The Department of Greek and Roman EmpiresThe Department of Greek and Roman Empires features antiquities (古董). It has one of the mostcomprehensive collections of antiquities from the Classical world, with over 100,000 objects. These mostly range in date from the beginning of the Greek Bronze Age (about 3200BC) to the time of the Roman emperor Constantine in the fourth century AD.60. The scope of the Department of Africa, Oceania and Americas doesn‘t include______.A. AfricaB. AustraliaC. the South AmericaD. Britain61. The earliest collection is from ______.A. The Department of Africa, Oceania and the AmericasB. The Department of AsiaC. The Department of Greek and Roman EmpiresD. All of the above62. The Department of Asia represents ______.A. the geographic features of AsiaB. the relationships between Asian countriesC. the life styles and cultural traditions of some peoplesD. the cultural fights between some native groups(C)―Does my smile look big in this?‖ Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtlyadjust your reflection to make you look ? and hence feel ? happier, encouraging you to likewhat you see.That‘s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleaguesat the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate, or in other word, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face.The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones ? that laughter comes beforehappiness, rather than the other way around ? is a well-established idea.The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face ? as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown (皱眉).Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited (招募) 21 volunteers and asked themto sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy.Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers‘ emotional state wouldinfluence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smilingwere less likely. The system could be used to manipulateconsumers‘ impressions of products, say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on.―It‘s certainly an interesting area,‖ says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. ―Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging,‖ he says.Of course, there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. ―You could argue that if it makes people happy what harm is it doing?‖ says Creed. ―But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.‖63(What‘s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System?A. To see whether one‘s feeling can be unconsciously affected.B. To see whether one‘s facial expressions can be altered.C. To see whether laughter comes before happiness.D. To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms.64(What can we learn about the web-camera image in the study?A. It recorded the volunteers‘ performance in the task.B. It gave the volunteers a false image.C. It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier.D. It beauti fied the volunteers‘ appearance in the mirror.65(What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology?A. It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes.B. It only works in clothing stores.C. It only makes subtle changes to people‘s ex pressions.D. It only deals with a limited number of facial expressions.66(What does Creed‘s comment on the moral issues with this technology imply?A. Nothing is more important than happiness.B. Technology is unable to manipulate people.C. People should make their decisions independently.D. People should neglect the harm of the technology.Section CDirections : Complete the following passage by using the sentences listed below. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.Suppose you become a leader in an organization . It‘s very likely that you‘ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization‘s activities . To do so , it should help understand why people undertake volunteer word and what keeps their interest in the work.Let‘s begin with the question of why people volunteer .___________67_______________Forexample , people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness , to expand their range of experiences , and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate . To select volunteers , you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.People also volunteer because they are required to do so . Toincrease levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately , these programs can shift people‘s wish of participating from an internal factor(e.g.,‘I volunteer because it‘simportant to me‖) to an external factor(e.g., ? I volunteer because I‘m required to do so .‖) . When that happens people become lesslikely to volunteer in the future._________68______________ Once people begin to volunteer ,what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question , researchers have conducted follow-up studies in which they track volunteers over time.For instance , one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year . One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.____69______ the researchers note that attention should be given to ―training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide themwith strategies for coping with the problem they do experience.‖Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree to which people view ―volunteer‖ as an important social role.______70________ .Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as ―Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am .‖ ― Consistent with the researchers ― expectations, they found a positive correlation betw een the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results , once again , lead to concrete advice:‖ Once an individual begins volunteering ,continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity -------- Item like T-shirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contribution can help strengthen role identity.‖A. People volunteer mainly out of academic requirements and internal needs.B. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a mustC. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be likely to continue volunteer work.D. Individual differences in role identity is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work.E. Although this result may not surprise you ,it leads to important practical advice.F. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved.Section DDirections : Read the following passage , Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words . Use your own words as far as possible.In the United States alone , over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phone are part of a a growing mountain ofelectronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster thantraditional garbage as a whole.Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver .A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste , the concentration (含氟) of gold and other precious metals was higher inSo-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals . Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed , the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries , in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.Creating products out of raw materials creates much more materials, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the finishedproducts . Consider again the cell-phone , and imagine the mines that produced those metals , the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装) itcame in . Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that ― th eproduction , distribution , and use of products ------as well as management of the resulting waste-----all result in greenhouse gas release.‖ Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start ---- for instance , buying reusable products and recyclingIn many countries the concept of the extended producerresponsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive(动机)for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products , would they reduce the packaging in the first place?Governments‘ incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money . Why , they ask , should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫)that encased your television?From the governments‘ point of view , a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs。

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)英语试卷(满分140分，考试时间120分钟)考生注意：答题前•务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名•并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位直上•在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。

I.LiStening COmPrehenSiOnSeCtiOn ADirections: In SeCtiOn A, you Will hear ten ShOrt conversations between two SPeakerS・ At the end Of each COnVerSation, a question WilI be asked about WhOt WaS said. The conversations and the questions Will be SPOken Only OnCe・ After you hear a COnVerSatiOn and the question about it, read the four POSSible answers On your paper; and decide WhiCh One is the best answer to the question you have heard.( )1 ・ A. In a grocery r B. In a Cafe・C. At a tailor s.D. At a toy ShOP( )2. A. He is PleaSed With his job.B.He is not SatiSfied With his WOrk・C.He finds the huge WOrklOad UnbCarable・D.He finds his OffiCe InUCh too big for him.( )3.A・ He is InOSt PrObably CheCking Whether everything is OK.B.He is InOSt PrObablyjUmPing from the desk・C.He is most PrObably repairing the desk・D.He is InOSt PrObably Changing the bulb・( )4. A. £200. B. £300. J C. £600・ D. £700.( )5. A. IFs difficult for the WOman to get the job if She takes the inten f iew.B.ThC WOman Can get the job if She takes the interview.C.The WOman has IeSS ChanCe to get the job than OtherS・D.The WOlnan ShOUld WOrk harder from now On if She WantS to get the job.( )6. A. The man drinks t∞ InUCh Wine・B.ThC man drinks Iittle Wine・C.The bed is t∞ soft.D.The bed is too hard・( )7. A. He may Change the Shirt because it,s too Iarge・B.He may Change the Shirt because it,s too SmalI・C.He doesn't Iike the COlOr Of the shirt.D.He IikeS the shirt.( )& A. TO PUt him to another flight.B.TO arrange the next flight.C.TO take him to SOmeWhere・D.TO arrange his accommodation.( )9. A. The news On TV.B.Many PeOPle Canle to the new hotel.C.It is difficult for PeOPle to find a job.D.The man Still has got a job.( )10. A. The WOman thinks it easy to Ieanl PhySiCS・B.ThC WOman is good at PhySiCS.C.ThC man thinks PrOfeSSOr Smith explained the PhySiCS PrOblenl Very Clearly.D.The man can,t UnderStand the PhySiCS problem.SeCtiOn BDirections: In SeCtiOn B you Will hear two ShOrt passages, and One IOnger conversation ,after each PaSSage・ The PaSSageS Or COnVerSatiOn you WiIl be asked SeVeral questions, the PaSSageS and the COnVerSatiOn WilI be read twice, but the questions WiII be SPOken Only OnCe・ When you hear a question, read the four POSSible answers On your PaPer and decide WhiCh One is the best answer to the question you have heard.QUeStiOnS 11 through 13 are based On the following PaSSage・( )11∙ A. SPain. B. FranCe C. AmeriCa D. England・( )12・ A. ViSitOrS ShOllldnI OVerlOOk it because it SUffered a IOt in history.B.Saint AUgUStine is the OIdeSt City in the nation.C.FlOrida WaS ruled by SPaniSh Until the UnitCd StateS took OVer it.D.ManyViSitOrS SUPPOrt the Florida's COaSt recovery for its beauty.( )13. A. Florida,s AtlantiC coast.B.St. Augustine1S history.C.SPaniSh COntrOl OVer FlOrida.D.SPaniSh history・QUeStiOnS 14 through 16 are based On the following talk・( )14. A. A IOSt PrOPCrty OffiCe in EUrOPe・B. A IOSt PrOPerty OffiCe in LOndOn・C. A IOSt PrOPerty OffiCe in TOkyo.D.PaUl Cowan,s office.( )15・ A. LOSt items become the PrOPerty Of transport for LOndOn.B.LOSt items are taken good Care Of by COWan,s team・C.AlnlOSt all Of the IOSt items Were returned to their OWnerS・D.TWenty PerCent Of the IOSt items are CIamled iιι three months' tmιe.( )16・ A. BeCaUSe they think their IOSt ShOeS are USeleSS.B.BeCaUSe they have already bought new ShOeS・C.BeCaUSe they WOUld Iike to get a new pair.D.BeCaUSe they can,t find their IOSt ShOeS・QUeStiOnS 17 through 20 are based On the following COnVerSatiOn・( )17・ A. She is HlOSt PrObabIy bargaining for a house.B.ShC is InOSt PrObably ViSiting One Of her friends・C.ShC is most PrObably IOOking for a house・D.She is most PrObably COntaCting her bank for a house・( )18. A. The kitchen attached bathroom.B. A Wine StOrage area.C.ThC floor COVering・D.The relaxing COlOrS Of the wall.B.The PriCe is too high.D.The Offer is unfair.19. A. The PriCe is reasonable.( )20. A. The WOman Will buy the house because the PriCe isreasonable・B.ThC house is really good because the bathroom is attached to the bedroom・C.Tlle inside Of the house is better than the OUtSide・D.The WOlnan IikeS the house SO much that She Will buy it.II.Grammar and VOCabUIarySeCtiOn ADireCtions: After reading the PaSSageS below, fill in the blanks to make r the PaSSageS COherent and grammatically COrreCt FOr the blanks With a given word, fill in each blank With the PrOPer form Of the given word; for the Other blanks, USe One WOrCl that best fits each blank ・A COmPrehenSiVe StUdy Of 4, 500 Children COndUCted by the NatiOnal InStitUteS Of Health in 2018ShOWS that Children WhO SPent more than SeVen hours a day Staring at SCreens ShOWed evidenee Of PrematUre thinning Of their brain's COrte×-the OUter Iayer that PrOCeSSeS SenSOry information. "We don't know if it _____ 21 ___ (CaUSe) by the SCreen time・ We don't know yet if it's bad thing・ It WorVt beUntil We follow them OVer time _______ 22 ____ We WiIl See if there are OUtCOmeS that are associated Withthe differences that We l re Seeing in this Single Snapshot∕ Dr. Gaya DOWIing・"What We Can Say is that this is __________ 23 ____the brains IOOk Iike Of kids WhO SPend a IOt Of time On SCreenS・ And it's not just One pattern/'The PrObIem isn't just SCreens 24 » but also the Way SCreenS tempt kids (and adults) away from SOmething far more important: PhySiCal activity・ MOre than 23 PerCent Of adults and 80 PerCent Of adolescents don,t get enOugh PhySiCal activity, and according to a 2019 report from the WOrld HeaIth Organization・(WHO), these PatternS Of activity and rest arise ___________________________________________________ 25 __ habits We develop early "What We really need to do is _________ 26 _____ (bring) back PIay for ChiIdrer√" SayS Dr. JUanain IifeZa WHO SPeCialiSt in ChildhOOd ObeSity and PhySiCal activity, in a Statement about new WHO guidelines WiIliamSOnzissued in APril 2019・ ThiS is about making the Shift from Sedentary time to playtime, While 27 (PrOteCt) SIeeP・ Of COUrSeChildren aren't COmPIeteIy to blame for their SCreenzaddiction ・Sometimes, the Parents ________ 28 ___ COmPIain about the role Of SCreens in family Iife are just asguilty Of SPending too much time in front Of one. A 2016 StUdy ________ 29 ____ (COndUCt) by COmmOn SGnSeMedia found that ParentS SPend UP to nine hours a day in front Of SCreens，mostly not for WOrk-related reasOns. WhiIe 78 PerCent Of ParentS Said they believed they Were good SCreen time role models, the StUdy found a discOnnect between their behavior and their PerCePtiOn Of their behavior. ParentS need to Iimit SCreen time for themselves and especially for their kids- ________________________________________ 30 ____ it means PIaying the bad guy.OUr mental and PhySiCal health depends On it.21. ____________ 22. _______________ 23. _____________ 24. ________________ 25. _______________2& _____________ 27.________________ 2& _______________ 29. ________________ 30. _______________SeCtiOn BDireCtions: FiIl in each blank With a PrOPer WOrd ChOSen from the box. EaCh WOrel Can be USed OnlySOnIe VerV αAmerican^ WOrdS COme from ChmeSeVWe WiIl On a recent program, We told you the StOrieS Of English WOrdS borrowed from Other IangUageS・ TOdayrtell you abOUt WOrdS that English HaS taken from Chinese・Many Of the ChineSe WOrdS that are now Part Of English Were borrowed IOng ago. They are most Often from CantOnese Or Other ChineSe IangUageS rather than Mandarin.Let⅛ Start With kowtow.kowtowThe EngIiSh WOrd kowtow is a Verb that means to agree too easily to do What SOmeOne else WantS you to do, Or to Obey SOmeOne With POWer in a Way that SeemS _____________________________ 31 ____ ・ It COmeS from the CantOneSe WOrd kau tau, WhiCh means "knock your head." It refers to the act Of kneeling and IOWering OnJS HeaCl as a Sign Of respect to __________________ 32 ___ — SUCh as emperors, elders and IeaderS・ In the CaSe OfBritair√s King GeOrge III emperors, the act required the PerSOn to touch their head to the ground・ In 1793zSent LOrd GeOrge MaCartney and Other trade ambassadors to China to __________________________ 33 ___ a trade agreement・ The ChineSe asked them to kowtow to the QianIOng Emperor. AS the StOry goes, LOrd MaCartney refused for his ________________________ 34 ___ to do more than bend their knees・ He Said that WaS all they Were required to do for their OWn king・It is not SUrPriSing. then. that MaCartney Ieft China WithOUt negotiating the trade agreement. After that, CritiCS USed the WOrd kowtow When anyone WaS too SUbmiSSiVe to China. Today, the USage has no COnneCtiOn to China, nor any SPeCifiC POIitiCal COnneCtiOn.gung-hoAnOther borrowed WOrd that Came about through __________ 35 ____ between two nations is gung-ho. InEngIiSh・ the WOrd gung∙ho is an adjective that means extremely excited about doing SOmething. The ChineSe CharaCterS zz gδng,z and a h6,' together mean ZZ WOrk together, COOPerate/' The Original term —gδngy⅛ h6zuδsh(i — means ChineSe IndUStrial COOPeratiVeS. The OrganiZatiOnS Were established in the 1930s by WeSternerS in China to PrOmOte industrial and economic development.Lt・ COlOnel EVanS CarISOn Of the United StateS Marine^ COrPS- ObSerVed these COOPeratiVeS WhiIe he WaS in China. He WaS impressed, Saying "•…all the SOldierS _______________ 36 ____ themselves to One idea and WOrked together to PUt that idea over/ He then began IlSing the term gung∙ho in the Marine COrPS to try to Create the Same SPlrit he had ____________________ 37 ___ ・ In 1942, He USed the WOrd as a training SIOgan for the2nd Marine Raider BattaliOn during WOrId War II. The men Were Often CaIIed the Zz GUng H O Battalion/' FrOm ther‰its meaning has no relation to the military.the WOrd gung-ho SPread as a SIOgan the Marine COrPS・ TOdayztyphoonIn EngliSha typhoon is a Very POWerfUl and _________ 38 ___ StOrm that OCCUrS around the China Seafand in the SOUth PaCifiC・ The WOrd history Of typhoon had a far IeSS ClireCt Path to the English IangUage than gung-ho. And not all historical accounts are the Same・ But, according to the Merriam-WebSter NeW BOOk Of WOrd Histories, the first typhoOnS reported in the English Ianguage Were in India and Were CaIIed Zz tOUffOns" Or ZZ tUfans∕ The WOrd tufan Or al-tufan is ArabiC and means ViOIent StOrm Or flood・ ThG EngliSh Came across this WOrd in India and borrowed it as touffon.EngliShmen Iearned the CantOnese Word LateG When English ShiPS encountered ViOIent StOrmS in the China Seaztai fung, WhiCh means ZZ great wind." The word's 39 to touffon is Only by chance. The modern form Of the WOrd —typhoon — WaS in(IUenCed by the CantOneSe but ___________________________________________________ 40 _____ to make it appear more Greek・31. ____________ 32. ______________ 33. ______________ 34. _______________ 35. _______________36. ____________ 37. _______________ 38. _______________ 39. _______________ 40. _______________III.Reading COmPrehenSiOnSeCtiOn ADirections: FOr each blank in the following PaSSage there are four WOrdS Or PhraSeS marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank With the WOrd Or PhraSe that best fits the COnteXt ・When 17-year-old ClUattrO MUSSer hangs OUt With friends, they don't Ckink beer Or CrUiSe around in CarS Withthey StiCk to G-rated activities SUCh as rock-climbing Or talking about their dates. _________________ 41 ___Zbooks ・They are in good COmPany, according to a new StUdy ShOWing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had IOng been Seen as rites Of PaSSage into ______________________________ 42 _____ .The study, PUbIiShed TUeSday in the journal Child DeVelOPment, found that the PerCentage Of adolescents in the U・S・WhO have a driver's IiCense, WhO HaVe tried alcohol, WhO date, and WhO WOrk for Pay has PlUmmeted SinCe 2976, With the most PreCiPitOUS _____________________________ 43 ____ i n the PaSt decade・ The declines appeared across race, geographic, and SOCiOeCOnOrniC lines, and in rural, Urbar‰ and SUbUrban areas・TO be sure, more than HaIf Of teens still engage in these activities, but the ___ 44 _____ HaVe SIimmed COnSiderablyBetWeen 1976 and 1979, 86 PerCent Of high SChOOl Seniors had gone On a date; between 2010 and 2015zOr more boring, "but Only 63 PerCent PeOPIe sa½ Oh, it,s because teenagers are more responsible, Or more IaZyzIead author Of thethey're _________________________________ 45 ____ t he Iarger trend," Said Jean TWengezkids may be IeSS 46 instudy, WhiCh drew On SeVen Iarge time-Iag SUrVeyS Of AmeriCans. RatheG She Saidzactivities SUCh as dating, driving Or getting jobs because in today' S society.ACCOrding to an evolutionary PSyChOIOgy theory that a PerSOn l S "life strategy" SIOWS down Or SPeedS UPexposure to a ZZ harSh and UnPrediCtable,' GnVirOnmentdepending On HiS Or her ___________________ 47 ___ZIeadS to faster development, While a more resource-rich and SeCUre enVirOnment has the ________________ 48 ____ effect, the StUdy Said・ In the first ___ 49 ____ » "You'd have a IOt Of kids and be in SUrViVal mode, Starthavi ng kids you ng, expect your kids WiIl have kids young, and expect that there Will be more ________ 50 ____ and fewer resources/ Said TWengea PSyChOIOgy PrOfeSSOr at San DiegO State UniVerSity WhO is the author Of Zz iGen;zWhy Today's SUPer-COnnected KidS Are GrOWing UP LeSS Rebellious, MOre TOlerant, LeSS HaPPy —and COmPletely UnPrePared for Adulthood・Zz the goal back then WaSA Century ago, WhGn Iife expectancy WaS IOWer and COlIege education IeSS PreValentZSUrViVaL not ViOlin IeSSOnS by 5/ TWenge Said・ In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more 51 about marriage, and ClriVing a Car and WOrking for Pay WOUld be important forZZ eStabliShing mate ValUe based On PrOCUrement Of resources/ the StUdy said.BUt AmeriCa is Shifting more toward the _______ 52 ___ model, and the Change is apparent across the SOCiOeCOnOmiC spectrum, TWenge said. ZZ EVen in families WhOSe ParentS didn't HaVe a COllege education..・ familiesare SmalIeG and the idea that Children need to be CarefUIly ________________________________ 53 ____ has really SUnk in." The _______ 54 ___ Of "adult activities'7 COUld not be attributed to more homework Orextracurricular activities, the StUdy Saidznoting that teens today SPend fewer HOUrS On HOmeWOrk and the Same amount Of time On extracurricular as they did in the 1990s ( With the exception Of COmmUnity service, WhiCh hasrisen Slightly). NOr COUld the USe Of SmartPhOneS and the Internet be Gntirely the 55Z the report SaidZSinCethe decline began before they Were Widely available・ Ifthe delay is to make room for CreatiVe exploration and forming better SOCial and emotional COnnectionszit is a good thing, he Said・( ) 41. A. TherefOre B. Rather C. MOreOVer D. BeSideS( ) 42. A. ChiIdhOOd B. neighborhoodC. adolescentsD. adulthood( ) 43. A. escapes B. ends C. decreases D. ChangeS( ) 44. A. minorities B. majorities C. masses D. amounts( ) 45. A. taking B. avoiding C.Sending D. missing( ) 46. A. interested B. envied C. relieved D. realized( ) 47. A. emotions B. SUrrOUndingS C. CUStOmS D. habits( ) 48. A. WrOng B. Same C. OPpOSitC D. Sinlilar( ) 49. A. event B. issue C. CaSe D. OeCaSiOn( ) 50. A. trouble B. questions C. benefits D. diseases( ) 51. A・ respectively B. delicatelyC. SeriOUSlyD. COnSidCrably( ) 52. A. SlOWer B. better C. Smaller D. faster( ) 53. A. emphasized B. related C. OrganiZCd D. educated( ) 54. A. implement B. POStPOnementC. achievementD. Payment( ) 55. A. CaUSe B. impact C. fact D. resultSeCtiOn BDireCtions: Read the following three PaSSageS・ EaCh PaSSage is followed by SeVeral questions Or UnfiniShed StatementS・ FOr each Of them there are four ChOiCeS marked A f B f C Ond D. ChOOSe the One that fits best according to the information given in the PaSSage you have just read.BitCOin and Other SO CalIed CryPt CUrrenCieS have been all OVer the news lately. APParentl½ the idea Of money that's not tied to a SPeCifiC bank —Or a SPeCifiC COUntry —is appealing to many. BUt it's WOrth remembering that the banking SyStem that We now all IiVe With is just that: A modern invention. NOt SO IOng ago, money WaS almost always Created and USed locally, and bartering WaS COmmon. (In fact, it S廿Il is COmmOn among many OnIine IOCal networks, Iike the BUy NOthing Project.)・In the past, money's makeup Varied from PIaCe to place, depending On What WaS COnSidered ValUabIe there・ SO While SOme Ofthe world's first COinS Were made from a naturally OCCUrring hybrid Of gold and SilVer CalIed electrum,ObjeCtS Other than COinS have SerVed as CUrrency, inClUding beads, ivor½ IiVeStOCkzand COWrie ShellS・ In WeStAfriCazbracelets Of bronze Or COPPer Were USed as cash, especially if the transaction WaS associated With theSlaVe trade there・ ThrOUghOUt the COlOnial PeriOdZtobacco WaS USed in IieU Of COinS Or PaPer bills in Virginia,Maryland and NOrth CarOlinazeven though it WaS USed elsewhere in the COlOnieS and extensively throughout EUrOPe and the U.K.Today, On an island in the PaCifiCza SPeCifiC type Of SheIl StiII SerVeS as CUrrenCy — and SOme PeOPIe there are even hoarding it, just Iike BitCOin moguls, COrWinCed that One day, it WiIl make them Wealthy beyOnd imagination. On MaIaita, the most- POPUlated island that's Part Ofthe SOlOmOn Islands, SheIIS are accepted at most PIaCeS in "How much tuna you Can get for your ShelIS depends On their COIOr and shape/ Mary BrUno, a ShOP OWnGrfrom the SmaIl town Of AUkiz On Malaitaztold ViCe・"One StriP Of darker SheIIS might get you about two CanS OfSmaIler tuna, but the red OneS are WOrth more, FOr the red OneszOne StriP might get enoUgh tuna to feed a big family for a IOng time・JUSt Iike a mint that CreateS coins, there' S OnlyOne PIaCe On the ISIand Where the ShelISZWhiCh are POIiShedand StrUng together to form 3-foot」Ong ropes, are made・(YOU Can See how that WOrkS in the VideO above.) The StriPS Of red, white, and black SheIIS all COme from Langa Langa LagOon, Where artificial islands Were IOng-ago built by IOCaIS to escape from the island-dwelling Cannibals・ OnCG maroOned OUt On their islands, locals needed a CUrrency to USe among themselves, and SO the Shell CUrrenCy WaS born.USing SheIIS for money WaS COmmOn throughout the PaCifiC islands as Iate as the early 1900s, but Malaita is UniqUe in that they are StiIl USed today. And just Iike CryPtO CUrrencies, there are those WhO think the islanders are Smart to invest in this type Of money, WhiCh is reported to have risen in VaIUe OVer the IaSt three decades・It might Seem Strange to hoard a bunch Of PrOCeSSedStrUng∙togGthGr SheIls, but What is a PiIe Of dollars? JUStZa SPeCiaIIy Printed PieCe Of PaPer and hemp that we,ve assigned ValUe to — and PrObably IeSS durable OVer time than those ShelIS・( )56. ACCOrding to the passage, WhiCh Of the following is TRUE?A.MOney WaS Created and WaS Widely USed in the WOrld.B.TObaCCO WaS USed as COinS Or PaPer bills in AmCriCan in the past.C.The ingredients Of WOrld,s first COinS may be the COmbinatiOn Of gold and SilVe匚ing ShelIS for money has been OUt Of date in the WOrId.( )57. The WOrd fc nιiιιt'' In ParagraPh 4 is ClOSeSt iιι the meaning to U_______________ ” ・A. a kind Of InOney that Can exchangeB.the IeaVeS Of a mint Plant USed fresh Or CandiedC. a PlaCe to PrOdUCe and POIiSh ShellSD. a factory that PrOdUCeS CUrrenCy( )58. WhafS OPiniOn Of the author towards ShellS for money?A.ReaSOnable.B. IInaginary.C.COnVenient.D. Invcntivc・( )59. WhiCh Of the following Inight be the best title Of the passage?A.The HiStOry Of BitCOinB. ShellS Still MOneyC. The CUrrenCy IS Of Great USeD. SOme ShellS(B)HOW DO VOU MOVe a Giant Sequoia?The IOgiStiCS Of e×cavating (挖拥)and relocating town's Century-old z IiVing SeqUOia(红杉)tree. Inhabitants Of BOiSeIdaho, WatChed With trepidatiOn earlier this year as the city's oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks z・ The 105-year-old SeqUOia tree SerVeS as a IOCal Iandmark Z not Only for its IOngeVity but also because renowned naturalist and Sierra CIUb COfOUnder JOhn MUir PrOVideCl the Original Seedling. SOWhen Saint LUke l S HeaIth SyStemZfound that the IO-StOry-tall-conifer(针叶树) StOOd in the Way Of its PIanned hospital CaIled tree∙moVing firm EnVirOnmGntai DeSign.The TeXaS-based COmPany has developed and Patented SCOOPing and Iifting tech noIOgy to move massive trees・OOO POUnds, the BOiSe SeqUOia is its IargeSt Undertaking yet・"I [had] IOSt enOUgh Weighing in at more than 800zSleeP OVer this/ SayS DaVid Cox, the COmPany's WeStern regiOn ViCe PreSident —and that WaS before the HOSPital mentiOngd the tree's distinguished Origin. BefOre the heavy Ii fting begar‰ the team assessed the root SyStem and dug a five∙foot∙deep Cylinder , measuring 40 feet in diametec around the trunk to PrOteCt all essential roots・After enCaPSUIating the root ball in Wire mesh, the movers allowed the tree to acclimate to its new SitUa 廿On for SeVen mon ths before relocating it. The illustratiOn details What followed・一LeSlie NemO1. Mark A・Merit and HiS team at ErWirOnmental DeSign inStalIed Underneath the root ball a PIatfOrm Of44-foot」Ong SteeIbarS and, just below the rods, a first Set Of Uninflated airbags ( ShOWn in SeVen-inch-diameterzgray).The team also dug a ShaIIOW ramp・2・ In roughly 15 minutes, the movers inflated the airbags to about three feet in diameter to raise the root ball to the SUrfaCe Of the hole・3.By Underinflating the front bags, the team allowed the PlatfOrm Carrying the tree to roll UP the ramp and OUt Of the hole WhiIe Staying level, A trailer hauled the tree along as team members removed the airbags from the back Of the PIatfOrm and replaced them in the front. They repeated the PrOCeSS Until the tree arrived at the edge Of its new home・4.There a SeCOnd Set Of PartiaIly inflated bags (ShOWn in White) Waited inSide the hole・ SOil SUrrOUnding the SeqUOia in its Original Iocation WaS relocated as well, because trees are more IlkeIy to SUrViVe a transplantWhen they move With their Original SOil・ing the first Set Of airbags, the movers rolled the PIatfOrm into the new hole・6・The bags Waiting there Were then inflated further to take the Weight Of the SeqUOia While the transportation bags Were deflated and removed from Under the tree・7. The White bags Were then deflated in about half an hour to IOWer the SeqUOia,s root ball to the bottom Of its hole, The bags Were removed, but the metal bars Were Ieft With the tree because they rust and degrade OVer a number Of years・8・ FOr the next five years the IOCal Park SerViCe WiIl monitor and maintain the tree in its new home ・( )60. WhiCh Of the following WOrdS Can be USed to replace the WOrdS Ilnderlined "stood in theWaY of"?A.ReSiStedB. BaIanCedC. Blocked.D. Promoted.( )61. What is the reasOn for the relocation Of SeqUOia trees?A.BeCaUSe the SCOOPing and Iifting technology ShOUld be PUt into USe・B.BeCaUSe it blocks IOCal hospital expansion PlanS・C.BeCaUSe it COrrCSPOndS to govcmment,s Plan Of EnVirOnmental DeSign・D.BeCaUSe SeqUOia trees are OVer a hundred years Old・( )62. HOW Will the migrated SeqUOia trees be dealt with?A.They Will be given new SOil in the new IiVing environment.B.Metal rods USed to move SeqUOia trees Will not be Ieft On the trees.C.They Will be kept in transport bags all the time・D.They Will be managed by SPeCiaIiStS in the next five years・UIIderStand the ECOIlOIniC COnCePt Of a BUdget LineThe term Zz bUdget line,z has SeVeral related meaningsincluding a COUPIe that are SeIf- evident and a thirdzthat is not.The budget Iine as an InfOrmaI COnSUmer UnderStandingThe budget Iine is an elementary ConCePt that most ConSUmerS UnderStand intuitively WithOUt a need for graphs a nd equations — it's the HOUSehOld budget, for example ・Taken informally, the budget Iine describes the bOUndary Of affordability for a given budget and SPeCifiC goods・GiVen a Iimited amount Of money，a COnSUmer CZn OnIy SPend that Same amount buying goods. If the COnSUmer has X amount Of money and WantS to buy two goods A and BShe Can OnIy PUrChaSe goods totaling X. If the COnSUmerzShe Can then SPend OnIy 0.25 X, the amount remaining, On her PUrChaSe Of B. needs an amount Of A COSting 0.75zThiS SeemS almost too ObViOUS to bother Writing Or reading about・ AS it turns out, however; this Same COnCePt-One that most COnSUmerS make many 廿mes each day With reflecting On it-is the basis Of the more formal budget Iine COnCePt in economics, WhiCh is explained below・LineS in a BUdgetBefOre turning to the econOmiCS definitiOn Of budget Iin巳COnSider another COncept: the line-item budget ・ ThiS is effectively a map Of future expenditures, With all the COnStitUent expenditures individually noted anda budget Iine is One Of the IinGS in the budget, quantified・ There1 S nothing Very COmPliCated about this USageZWith the SerViCe Or good to be PUrChaSed named and the COSt quantified,The BUdget Line as an ECOnOmiCS COnCePtOne Of the interesting WayS the StUdy Of GCOnO mics relates to huma n behavior gen erally is that a IOt Of economic theory is the formalizatiOn Of the kind Of SimPIe COnCePt OUtlined above — a COnSUmer l S informal UnderStanding Of the amount She has to SPencl and What that amount Will buy.In the PrOCeSS Of formalization, the ConCePt Can be expressed as a mathematical equatiOn that Can be applied generally・A SimPIe BUdget Line GraPhTO Understand this, think Of a graph Where the VertiCal Iines quanUfy how many movie tickets, you Can buy and Where the horizontal IineS do the Same for Crime novels・ YOU Iike going to the movies and reading Crime novels In the example below, assume that each movie COStS $10 and each Crime noVel COStS $15and you have $ 150 to SPendz・ The more formal economics term for these two items is budget Set・If movies COSt $ 10 each, then the maximum number Of movies you Can See With the money available is 15. TO note this you make a dot at the number 15 (for total movie tickets) at the extreme Ieft-Hand Side Of the Chart ・ ThiS Same dot appears at the extreme Ieft above "O" On the horizOntai axis because you have no money Ieft for books — the number Of books available in this example is O. YOU Can also graph the Other extreme — all Crime noVeIS and no movies. SinCe Crime noVeIS in the example COSt $15 and you have $150 available, if you SPend all the available money Crime novels, you Can buy 10. SO you PUt a dot On the horizOntal axis at the nUmber 10.You'll PIaCe the dot at the bottom Of the VertiCal axis because in this inStanCe you HaVe $0 available for movie tickets.rightmost dot you'll have Created a If you now draw a Iine from the highest, IeftmOSt dot to the IOWeStzbudget Iine・Any COmbination Of movies and Crime novels that falls below the budget Iine is affordable. Any COmbinatiOn above it is not.( )63. WhiCh SentenCe about the budget Iine is NOT TRUE?A.It is IimitatiOn Of affordability for a given budget and SPeCifiC goods・B.MOSt COStUmerS WiIl be COnfUSGd With this COnCePt because Of its complex.C・ It is the effectively a map Of (UtUre expenditures・D.It Can be expressed as a mathematical, equation.)64. What is the PUrPOSe Of the passage?A.TO tell US any COnCePt Can be expressed as a mathematical equation・B.TO HeIP US figure OUt the meaning BUdget Line・C・ TO tell US We ShOUld budget before We buy goods・D・ TO give an instruction Of ClraWing a budget Line・$15, you have $150.WhiCh is RIGHT according )65. ASSUme that each movie COStS 10 and each Crime novel COStSzto this passage?A.The maximum number Of movies you Can See is 10.。

年上海高考英语真题试卷上海市高考英语试卷及参考答案年高考已经结束，相信大家都对高试卷感兴趣，下面是小编收集的上海市高考英语试卷及参考答案，供大家参考！第卷第一部分: 听力（共两节，满分分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共小题。

每小题分,满分分)听下面段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

. ?. . . . . .. ?. . . ’ .. .. ?. . . . . .. ’ ?. . . . . .. ?. . . . . .第二节（共小题，每小题分, 满分分）听下面段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后几个小题，从题中所给的、、三个选项中选出虽佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第段材料，回答第、题。

. ?. ’ . . ’ .. ’ .. ?. . . . . .听第段材料，回答第、题。

. ?. . . ’ . . .. ?. . . .. .听第段材料，回答第、题。

. ?. . . .. .. ?. . . . . .. ?. . . . . .听第段材料，回答第、题。

. ?. . . .. .. ?. . . .. .. ?. . . .. .. ?. . . .. .听第段材料，回答第、题。

. ?. . . . . .. ?. .. ’’ .. .. , ?. ’ . . ’ .. ’ .. ?. . . .. .第二部分：阅读理解（共两节, 满分分）第一节（共小题。

每小题分, 满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(、、和)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

, . ’ $ , .. , ., . , ’ .. , . ., , , . .. , . , ’ ., () .. ...... ?. .. .. .. .. ,. .. .. ,...., , . , ..— , — , ’( ) , ’ . .(免疫) . . . , , , .(疫苗) . . .“— : ,” .“ , , , . , .”. “” .. . .. .. .... ’ .. ?. .. .. .. .. ?. . . . . . . ., , . !. , . , , . , . ,, , , , .. , , , .. , ., , , , , . . , .’ , . , .“” . .. ?. . . .. . . .. .. ’. ,. ’. ’. .. . . .. (: 夏令时) .“ , ,” . , . “’ ; ’ .” , . “ , , , . ’ , ,”“ .”. , . “ . . ”, . , (退黑激素) . , . .? , .. ?. ? . ?. ? . ?. ?. . . .. . . .. “” .. . . .. .. . . .第二节（共小题。

2018年高考英语总复习专题对点真题练：3完形填空题及答案LT专题一记叙文2017年Cloze 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，30分话题：学习美式手语词数：235While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, collegesets the stage for that exploration. I myselfwent through this 1 process and found something that has changed my 2 at college for the better: I discovered ASL —American Sign Language(美式手语).I never felt an urge to 3 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends. The 4 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover my 5 for ASL.The 6 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club7 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 8 of communicating without speaking 9 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I hadexperienced in the 10 . This newnessjust left me 11 more.After that, feeling the need to 12 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Club’s meetings. I only learned how to 13 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 14 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to15 those meetings and learn all I could.The following term, I 16 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was17 . I soon realized that the silencewas not unpleasant. 18 , if there had been any talking, it would have 19 usto learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence andthe 20 way of communication it opens.1.A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal2.A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion3.A. choose B. read C. learn D. create4.A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken5.A. love B. concern C. goal D. request6.A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task7.A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed8.A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason9.A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted10.A. end B. past C. course D. distance11.A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting12.A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain13.A. print B. write C. sign D. count14.A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious15.A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize16.A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for17.A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated18.A. Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However19.A. required B. caused C. allowed D. expected20.A. easy B. popular C. quick D. newCloze 2 2017全国卷Ⅲ，30分话题：赠送机票词数：233A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-worldair ticket to the right woman. But 1 apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher andhave a Canadian 2 .Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round-the-world air ticketsin May, but their 3 ended and he didnot want her ticket to 4 . The tickethad a strict no-transfer(不可转让) 5 ,but since passport information was not required when 6 , any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can 7 it."I just want to see the ticket go to good useand for someone to 8 a lot of joy,"said Axani. He posted his 9 on a social networking website, and received thousands of e-mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the 10 passports. "More 11 , there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in 12 their name to Elizabeth Gallagher," Axani said. "It was absolutely out of13 , thousands of e-mails, people aroundthe world 14 their stories of travel."Axani wrote in his post that he is not 15 anything in return and that the woman who usesthe 16 ticket can choose to either travel with him or 17 the ticket and travel on her own.The 18 is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before 19 in Toronto on January 8. Hesaid the 20 woman will be announcedon the website and the trip will be shared online.1.A. benefits B. deposits C. restrictionsD. examinations2.A. origin B. passport C. accent D. friend3.A. holiday B. marriage C. dream D. relationship4.A. go to waste B. come to mind C. go on saleD. come into effect5.A. policy B. order C. payment D. schedule6.A. applying B. booking C. checking D. bargaining7.A. use B. borrow C. choose D. buy8.A. sacrifice B. express C. experience D. provide9.A. answer B. advice C. offer D. comment10.A. same B. right C. new D. real11.A. interesting B. annoying C. satisfyingD. convincing12.A. writing B. giving C. lending D. changing13.A. touch B. question C. date D. control14.A. admiring B. advertising C. sharing D. doubting15.A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with16.A. single B. strange C. regular D. extra17.A. return B. take C. reserve D. hide18.A. interview B. program C. trip D. meeting19.A. ending B. calling C. repeating D. staying20.A. honored B. lovely C. intelligent D.luckyCloze 3 2017天津，30分话题：为募捐减肥词数：300At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a verypoor relationship with food: I used it to1 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of2 but nothing worked. I came to believe that Icould do nothing about my 3 .When I was 50, my weight problem began to affectme 4 I didn’t want to live the restof my life with this 5 weight any more.That year, I 6 a seminar where wewere asked to create a project that would touchthe world. A seminar leader shared her 7 story — she had not only lost 125 pounds, butalso raised$25,000 for homeless children.8 by her story, I created the As WeHeal(痊愈), the World Heals 9 . Mygoal was to lose 150 pounds in one year andraise$50,000 10 a movement founded30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the world 11 me as the perfect solution.12 I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would 13 the same difficulties that beat me before. While the 14 hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headeddown the right 15 . I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project.It worked perfectly. Donations began 16in from hundreds of people.Of course, I also took some practical steps tolose weight. I consulted with a physician(内科医生), I hired a fitness coach, and I beganto eat small and 17 meals. Myfund-raising focus also gave me new motivationto exercise 18 .A year later, I 19 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised$50,000! I feel that I’vebeen given a second life to devote to somethingthat is 20 and enormous. 1．A． addB． mix C． kill D． share2．A． diets B． drinks C． fruits D． dishes3．A． height B． ability C． wisdom D． weight4．A．temporarily B．recentlyC． seriously D． secretly5．A． ideal B． extra C． normal D． low6．A．attended B．organizedC． recommended D． mentioned7．A． folk B． success C． adventure D． science8．A． Surprised B． Amused C． Influenced D． Disturbed9．A．project B．business C． system D． custom10．A． in search of B． in need of C． inplace of D． in support of11．A．scared B．considered C． confused D． struck12．A． As B． Until C． If D． Unless13．A．get over B．run into C． look for D． put aside 14．A．excitement B．joy C． anger D． fear15．A．row B．hall C． path D． street16．A．breaking B．flooding C． jumping D． stepping17．A．heavy B．full C． expensive D． healthy18．A．regularly B．limitlessly C． suddenly D． randomly19．A．set B．reached C． missed D． dropped20．A．stressful B．painful C． meaningful D． peacefulCloze 4 2017江苏，20分话题：讨厌音乐到爱上音乐词数：221For a long time Gabriel didn’t want to be involved in music at all. In his first years ofhigh school, Gabriel would look pityingly at themusic students, 1 across the campuswith their heavy instrument cases, 2at school for practice hours 3 anyone else had to be there. He swore to himselfto 4 music, as he hated getting to school extra early.5 , one day, in the music class thatwas 6 of his school’s standard curriculum, he was playing idly(随意地) on the piano and found it 7 to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually 8 doing it. He tried to hidehis 9 pleasure from the music teacher, who had 10 over to listen.He might not have done this particularly well, 11 the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good 12 and suggested that Gabriel gointo the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there 13 him. There he decided to give the cello(大提琴) a 14 . When he began practicing, he took itvery 15 . But he quickly found thathe loved playing this instrument, and was 16 to practicing it so that within a coupleof months he was playing reasonably well.This 17 , of course, that he arrivedat school early in the morning, 18 his heavy instrument case across the campus to the19 looks of the non-musicians he had left20 .1.A. travelling B. marching C. pacing D. struggling2.A. rising up B. coming up C. driving up D. turning up3.A. before B. after C. until D. since4.A. betray B. accept C. avoid D. appreciate5.A. Therefore B. However C. Thus D. Moreover6.A. part B. nature C. basis D. spirit7.A. complicated B. safe C. confusing D. easy8.A. missed B. disliked C. enjoyed D. denied9.A. transparent B. obvious C. false D. similar10.A. run B. jogged C. jumped D. wandered11.A. because B. but C. though D. so12.A. ear B. taste C. heart D. voice13.A. occurred to B. took to C. appealed to D.held to14.A. change B. chance C. mission D. function15.A. seriously B. proudly C. casually D.naturally16.A. committed B. used C. limited D. admitted17.A. proved B. showed C. stressed D. meant18.A. pushing B. dragging C. lifting D. rushing19.A. admiring B. pitying C. annoying D. teasing20.A. over B. aside C. behind D. outCloze 5 2017浙江，30分话题：战火中保护书籍词数：241Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her libraryused to be a 1 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They 2 various matters all over the world. When the warwas near, Alia was 3 that the firesof war would destroy the books, which are more 4 to her than mountains of gold. The booksare in every language — new books, ancient books, 5 a book on the history of Iraqthat is seven hundred years old.She had asked the government for 6 to move the books to a 7 place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands.8 , she brought books home every night,9 her car late after work. Her friends cameto 10 her when the war broke out.Anis who owned a restaurant 11 to hide some books. All through the 12 , Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the booksfrom the library, 13 them over the seven-foot wall and 14 them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war15 . Then nine days later, a fire burned the16 to the ground.One day, the bombing stopped and the 17 left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knewthat if the books were to be safe, they must be 18 again while the city was 19 .So she hired a truck to bring all the books tothe houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区). NowAlia waited for the war to end and 20 peace and a new library.1.A. meeting B. working C. personal D. religious2.A. raised B. handled C. reported D. discussed3.A. worried B. angry C. doubtful D. curious4.A. practical B. precious C. reliable D. expensive5.A. then B. still C. even D. rather6.A. permission B. confirmation C. explanationD. information7.A. large B. public C. distant D. safe8.A. Fortunately B. Surprisingly C. SeriouslyD. Secretly9.A. starting B. parking C. filling D. testing10.A. stop B. help C. warn D. rescue11.A. intended B. pretended C. happened D. agreed12.A. war B. night C. building D. way13.A. put B. opened C. passed D. threw14.A. hid B. exchanged C. burnt D. distributed15.A. approached B. erupted C. continued D. ended16.A. restaurant B. library C. city D. wall17.A. neighbours B. soldiers C. friends D. customers18.A. sold B. read C. saved D. moved19.A. occupied B. bombed C. quiet D. busy20.A. dreamed of B. believed in C. cared aboutD. looked forCloze 6 2017北京，30分话题：帮助无家可归的人词数：293Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old,she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 1 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that,and her mother said that the man was homelessand hungry. Hannah was very 2 . She couldn’t understand why some people had to livetheir lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could 3 , but, of course, there is not a lot onefive year old can do to solve(解决) the problemof homelessness.Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, 4 an old shopping trolley(购物车) which was piledwith 5 . It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more 6 to do something.She had been talking to her mother about thelives of homeless people 7 〗 theyfirst saw the homeless man. Her mother told herthat if she did something to change the problemthat made her sad, she wouldn’t 8 as bad.Hannah began to speak out about the homelessnessin Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to 9 her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foundation,an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to 10 "Big Bosses" lunches, where she would try to persuadelocal business leaders to 11 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐) drive in "Ladybug Jars" to collect everyone’s spare change during "Make Change" month. More recently, the foundation began another 12 called National Red Scarf Day — a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada’s 13 and homeless.There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called "Hannah’s Place", something that Hannah isvery 14 of. Hannah’s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelterfor people when it is so cold that 15outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 16 . For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 17 of young people to change the world. But 18 all this, Hannah still has the 19 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 20 in the world. You can, too!1.A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving2.A. annoyed B. nervous C. ashamed D. upset3.A. behave B. manage C. help D. work4.A. pushing B. carrying C. buying D. holding5.A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags6.A. excited B. determined C. energetic D. grateful7.A. since B. unless C. although D. as8.A. sound B. get C. feel D. look9.A. exchange B. leave C. keep D. spread10.A. sell B. deliver C. host D. pack11.A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. agree12.A. campaign B. trip C. procedure D. trial13.A. elderly B. hungry C. lonely D. sick14.A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. sure15.A. going B. sleeping C. travelling D. playing16.A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments17.A. needs B. interests C. dreams D. efforts18.A. for B. through C. besides D. along19.A. healthy B. public C. normal D. tough20.A. choice B. profit C. judgement D. difference2016年Cloze 12016全国卷Ⅰ，30分词数：269A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 1 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 2 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 3 he got closer, he found 4 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 5 shooting out from under the 6vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 7 the fire extinguisher(灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 8 and told Larry he had 9 an emergency call. They 10 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle. 11 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 12 until the emergency personnel arrived, 13 she thought the car was going to 14 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 15 she injured her neck.Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 16 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 17 if he was needed or 18 to go. They let him and the other man go.One thing is 19 — Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 20 most likely saved the woman’s life.1.A. walking B. touring C. travelingD. rushing2.A. passengers B. colleagues C. employersD. customers3.A. Since B. Although C. As D. If4.A. each B. another C. that D. his5.A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam6.A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned7.A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled8.A. came down B. came through C. came inD. came over9.A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed10.A. then B. again C. finally D. even11.A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching12.A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm13.A. for B. so C. and D. but14.A. explode B. slip away C. fall apartD. crash15.A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after16.A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out17.A. woman B. police C. man D. driver18.A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free19.A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked20.A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promiseCloze 2 2016全国卷Ⅲ，30分词数：277When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant1 Miller King, who was the best2 at our school.Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for 3 .Just before September, Miller was struck bya car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from 4 . He looked very 5 , but he didn’t cry.That season, I 6 all of Miller’s records while he 7 the home games from thebench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 8 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 9 .One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 10 going over a fence — which wasn’t 11 to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 12 from. But even that challenge he accepted. I 13 him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally 14 on the other side, he said to me, "You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did 15 . Thank you for filling in for 16 ."His words freed me from my bad 17 . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was 18 ahead of me. I was right to have 19 him. From that day on, I grew 20 and a little more real.1.A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with2.A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player3.A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure4.A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training5.A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed6.A. held B. broke C. set D. tried7.A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched8.A. and B. then C. but D. thus9.A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice10.A. stuck B. hurt C. tired D. lost11.A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit12.A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology13.A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed14.A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe15.A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally16.A. us B. yourself C. me D. them17.A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams18.A. still B. also C. yet D. just19.A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired20.A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. coolerCloze 32016北京，30分词数：457A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the worlddue to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 1 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria,a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome wouldbe 2 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 3 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 4 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 5 roads. Jet airplanes and bigtrucks didn’t exist yet. 6 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 7 . Nome’s town officials came up with a(n) 8 . They would have the medicine sent by 9 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers —known as "mushers" —would 10 it to Nome in a relay(接力).The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 11 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 12 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 13 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 14 , and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At onepoint, huge piles of snow blocked his 15 . He had to leave the trail(雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 16 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 17 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 18 . He had found the trail.At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs 19 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.Nome had been 20 .1.A. examined B. warned C. interviewed D. cured2.A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless3.A. Moreover B. Therefore C. OtherwiseD. However4.A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border5.A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty6.A. From B. On C. By D. After7.A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick8.A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic9.A. air B. rail C. sea D. road10.A. carry B. return C. mail D. give11.A. Though B. Since C. When D. If12.A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross13.A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish14.A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die15.A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination16.A. find B. fix C. pass D. change17.A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning18.A. run B. leave C. bite D. play19.A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived20.A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developedCloze 42016四川，30分词数：276Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read 1 grade level, but she did not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her 2 . But Lainey took one look at it, 3 her eyes, and said, "Borrrring!"Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. 4 the youngest children in the class were 5 by the story. They 6 with great interest, and then 7 joined in grand conversations about Harry’s adventures."How can you say it’s 8 ?Have you read it?"asked Aunt Dede."No, it’s too long and it doesn’t have any 9 ," complained Lainey."Oh, that’s where you are 10 ;there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to 11 them. It’s like magic.""Nice try, Aunt Dede," Lainey replied 12 from the back seat.Another 13 was in order. "Well, if youdon’t want to read it, give it 14 .Maybe your mom would 15 hearing the story." The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter,16 were coming from the back seat:"Please reada little 17 ."Lainey is an example of an 18 reader.As shown here, Lainey can become 19 about reading when 20 with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.1.A. within B. on C. to D. above2.A. daughter B. niece C. student D. friend3.A. opened B. dried C. rolled D. shaded4.A. Even B. Still C. Just D. Yet5.A. surprised B. annoyed C. puzzled D. attracted6.A. read B. told C. listened D. wrote7.A. suspectedly B. anxiously C. calmlyD. enthusiastically8.A. amazing B. boring C. ridiculous D. humorous9.A. pictures B. stories C. adventures D. conversations10.A. crazy B. foolish C. wrong D. different11.A. see B. match C. show D. recognize12.A. sourly B. patiently C. eagerly D. shyly13.A. idea B. try C. belief D. behavior14.A. away B. out C. in D. back15.A. enjoy B. admit C. mind D. finish16.A. decisions B. requests C. commentsD. promises17.A. more clearly B. longer C. louder D. more carefully18.A. unpleasant B. innocent C. unwillingD. independent19.A. astonished B. worried C. confusedD. excited20.A. presented B. concerned C. disturbedD. replacedCloze 52016天津，30分词数：350The journey my daughter Cathy has had withher swimming is as long as it is beautiful.Cathy suffered some terrible 1 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 2 became healthy.Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head —to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 3 our local swim team. She practiced hard and finally 4 it. The team practice, 5 , was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 6 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 7 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 8 to go!I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to9 and insisted she go.From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 10 a single practice. She had a 11 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 12 human being with a passion and a mission. Therewere moments of 13 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 14 —ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 15 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 16 , "The highest honor goes to Cathy!" Looking around, he continued, "Cathy has inspired us with her 17 and enthusiasm. 18 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富) one can hold is the heart."It was the greatest 19 of my daughter’s life. With all she had been 20 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).1.A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness2.A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently3.A. improve B. train C. join D. contact4.A. increased B. found C. created D.。

2018年上海市嘉定区和青浦区高三10月联考英语试题题号一二三四五六七八总分得分注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息；2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。

第I卷（选择题）评卷人得分一、完形填空The Music Industry — A New Industry Not long ago, most professional musicians lived in a world far removed from business management, distribution and promotion. But today, social media, laptop production techniques and musical tastes have largely 1 the old relationship between musicians, their audiences and the marketplace. A leading U.S. conservatory（音乐学院）now teaches students how to 2 successful careers in this new world. Robert Sirota, president of New York’s famous Manhattan 3 . It’s one School of Music, takes a small break from his work to play one of his own moment of traditional musical expression in a conservatory that 4 4 that the music industry is in major change. —“Everything we know about the 5 of music-making, and the industry of music including recordings, published materials, concert places, the way people enjoy the performance and concerts —have changed rapidly in the last 20 years,” he says, “and it became clear to me and other people of like mind to 6 how to develop young artistic leaders who are truly 7 of making their way in this new world.”That’s why the Manh attan School of Music created the Center for Music Enterprise, where students can learn about new media, fundraising, 8 8 their own concert series, producing students can learn about new media, fundraising, their own recordings, creating a package for the media and other necessary skills. Sirota, who completed his own conservatory education in the 1970s, 9 today’s Internet world with what used to be. “The 10 as we understood in the music world, was that there were a small number 英语试卷第1页，共12页of major international symphony orchestras, there were some excellent performers, and there was an 11 audience of concertgoers,” he says. “There were in addition, several multi-national record companies. But what has happened is the way people listen to music has changed.” Klorman knows that many young musicia ns are worried about the information needed to 12 a successful career today. However, he says the current climate rewards personal initiative and imagination as never before. And if we are creative about putting together new 13 , we can carve out a whole new market for ourselves. The 14 at the Center for Music Enterprise are among the most popular at the Manhattan School of Music. In fact, the supply is not 15 to the demand and the program is expanding. This success has in turn inspired other conservatories to teach business skills for tomorrow’s musical careers.1．A ．sponsored B ．replaced C ．constructed D ．competed 2．A ．create B ．undertake C ．reflect D ．arrange 3．A ．compositions B ．solutions C ．projects D ．channels 4．A ．claims B ．appeals C ．declares D ．recognizes 5．A ．event B ．item C ．business D ．affair 6．A ．figure out B ．carry on C ．make up D ．set about 7．A ．aware B ．capable C ．ignorant D ．independent 8．A ．inventing B ．transferring C ．searching D ．launching 9．A ．associates B ．differs C ．contrasts D ．varies 10．A ．situation B ．fight C ．statement D ．disaster 11．A ．established B ．constructed C ．founded D ．instructed 12．A ．remain B ．insist C ．persevere D ．sustain 13．A ．customs B ．traditions C ．opportunities D ．purposes 14．A ．courses B ．activities C ．responsibilities D ．contracts 15．A ．suitable B ．adequate C ．exact D ．crucial 评卷人评卷人得分得分 二、阅读理解 American View On Business Henry Ford, a famous American inventor and carmaker, once said: American business is business. What he meant by this is that the American way of life is based on the values of the business world. Few would argue with Ford’s statement. A brief look at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry” or “show business.”The positive side of Henry Ford’s statement can be seen in the wealth that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons why so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Many jobs are produced because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life. ord The negative side of Henry Ford’s statement, however, can be seen when the w— referring to the biggest business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the fight to form unions. Today, many of the old labor arguments are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. The laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high creates feelings of insecurity for many. 16．According to the passage, the United States is a typical country ___________. A．which encourages free trade at home and abroad B．which normally works according to the federal budget C．where all businesses are managed scientifically oney D．where people’s chief concern is how to make m17．Why do immigrants choose to settle in the United States according to the passage?Because they think that ____________. A．they can start profitable businesses there B．they can find more and better ways to make a living C．they will make a fortune overnight there D ．they can be more competitive in business 18．Why can Henry Ford’s statement be taken negatively according to the passage?A ．Because working people are discouraged to fight for their fights. B ．Because public services are not run by the federal government. C ．Because there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalists. D ．Because there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor. 19．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A ．In the big business there are fewer arguments between labor and management. B ．The negative effects of business news will increase employment opportunities. C ．Keeping lower costs and higher profits could leave many unemployed. D ．In the world of arts and entertainment ther e is always a rise in workers’ wages.A Brief History Of Waterstone’sWaterstone’s is the largest bookstore chain in the UK and Ireland, with 296 stores and 4500 employees, but its market share has recently declined and sales have been poor. The book market suffered during the economy declines and the emergence of new e-readers, such as the Amazon Kindle, was pulling more customers away from the high street. A&NN will pay for Waterstone’s in two parts, one of £40million and one of £13million.The deal will only complete if HMV can renegotiate its bank facilities, though HMV says the banks are supportive of the sale. Pension trustees and the pensions regulator also have to approve. HMV chief executive Simon Fox said A&NN would be a good home for Waterstone’s , while the sale will reduce Waterstone’s founder Tim Waterstone opened his first store in 1982 at a time when fellow book-lovers were presented with few options on the high street. The top bookseller was WH Smith, Mr. Waterstone’s former employer of eight years before he was dismissed, which he felt was failing to go into a broad market of literature fans. The first store was opened in Old Brompton Road, and the former banker’s intuition was correct as the chain went from strength to strength. borrowings and enable HMV to focus on plans for transforming the business into a broad-based entertainment business. A&NN will appoint James Daunt as managing director of Waterstone’s once the deal completes. Mr. Daunt currently runs Daunt Books, a small chain of London-based bookshops he founded in 1990. Mr. Waterstone, who has written four novels, saw a recovery in the market driven by demand for the works of a new wave of literary stars including Salman Rushdie, Ian McEwan, John Banville and Martin Amis. Having founded the firm with his £6,000, Mr. Waterstone sold the chain to his former employer WH Smith in 1993 for £47million. 20．According to the passage, who is the most likely to be the managing director of Waterstone’s in the near future?A ．Mr. Waterstone B ．John Banville C ．James Daunt D ．Simon Fox 21．What does the word “intuition” mean in the passage?A ．instinctive knowledge B ．mental image C ．calm consideration D ．indirect suggestion 22．Which one of the following is not true according to the passage? A ．At present the brand Waterstone’s belongs to HMV .B ．During the economy declines, the book market was hit and sales were poor. C ．a W aterstone’s has long been the largest bookstore chain in the U.K and Ireland.terstone’s has long been the largest bookstore chain in the U.K and Ireland.D ．Mr. Waterstone made £41,000 when he transferred the chain to WH Smith. 41,000 when he transferred the chain to WH Smith. How Should School Education Be Reformed? The state of public school facilities in the United States is a matter of great concern to educators and administrators. While the mission of public schools has expanded beyond education to include social support and extra-curricular activities, the academic schedule has changed little in more than a century. A report on time and learning released today by the state education committee says saving school time for academic teaching and moving away from the time-limited tradition of education are crucial steps in the school reform process. The committee’s report, entitled Time Prisoner, described fixed clocks and calendars in American education as a fundamental design problem that urgently needs to be changed. “Time -year should serve children instead of children serving time.” the report says. The twocommittee found that holding American students to world-class standards will require more time for classroom instruction. “We have been asking the impossible of our students that they .” learn as much as their foreign peers while spending half as much as in core academic subjects it states. The committee compared the relationship between time and learning in Japan, Germany and the United States and found that American students received less than half of the basic academic education received by Japanese and German students. On average, American students can earn a high school diploma if they spend only 41 percent of their school time on academics, says the report. American students spend an average of three hours a day on core academics such as English, math, science, and history, the committee found. Their report recommends offering a minimum of 5.5 hours of academics every school day. The nine-member committee also recommended extending the daily school hours beyond  important activities outside the the traditional six hours. “If schools want to continue offeringacademic core, as well as serving as a center for family and community services, they should keep school doors open longer each day and each year.” says John Hodge Jones, education official of schools in Murfreesboro, Tenn., and chairman of the committee. The typical school year in American public schools is 180 days. Eleven states allow school years of 175 days or less, and only one state requires more than 180 days. “For over a decade, education reformers have been working excitedly to improve our schools,” says Milton Goldberg, executive director of the committee. “But... if reform is to — an exhibit from truly take hold, the six-hour, 180-day school year should go into museums our education past.”23．Compared with the academic courses more than a hundred years ago, the academic courses now ___________. A．include some extra-curricular activities B．remain much of what they used to be C．demand students’ more contribution of timeD．focus more on education of social support 24．The researches by the committee mentioned in the passage are most concerned about __________. A ．the fashion of education management B ．the elements of school education C ．the changes in education in the recent century D ．the time devoted to academic learning 25．As it is mentioned in the passage, schools in the U.S.A do the following except __________. A ．provide important outside-academic activities B ．have competition with schools of other countries C ．arrange six-hour teaching and learning every day D ．serve social units such as family and community 26．Executive director of the committee Milton Goldberg would most probably disagree that ___________. A ．the time of school day and school year should be reduced B ．what the education reformers have done is not good enough C ．visiting museums can improve students’ academic learning abilityD ．social support and extra-curricular activities should be cancelled 第II 卷（非选择题）评卷人评卷人得分得分 三、语法填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Should Video Games Be Art? Back in April this year, film critic Roger Ebert decided to handle the topic of the cultural importance of video games from the perspective of whether they could ever be regarded as art. Clearly, Ebert 27． (convince) that no game so far could even dream of being considered as coming close to a work of art. In today’s post, Ebert returns to the topic to put an end to the debate that has been going on ever since: though he stands by 28． he believes in — namely that, at least in theory and principle, video games will never be art — he can now admit that he shouldn’t have expressed his opinion without knowing what he was talking about. And that is his biggest mistake, as far as he is concerned, 29． he expressed a judgment on a public forum （论坛）without having played a single video game — and all the while 30． (insist) that was the last thing on his wish list. He approached the matter strictly from a theoretical point of view and that’s not fair 31． the gaming industry — or the gamers who took offense, for that matter. “I was a fool for mentioning video games in the first place. I would never express an opinion on a movie I hadn’t seen. Yet I have declared that video games 32． never be Art. I still believe this, but I should never have said so. Some opinions are best kept to yourself. So far, 4,547 comments 33． (rain) down upon me for that blog entry. Perhaps 300 supported my position. The rest were united in opposition. What you see now posted are almost all of the comments 34．(send) in. They are mostly intelligent, well-written, and right about one thing in particular: I should not have written that entry without being more familiar with the actual experience of video games,” Ebert writes about the very post 35． started the debate. Most posters pointed to him that he was also doing so without as much as offering a clear definition of Art. “36． gamers experience video games as a form of art, does that not automatically make them so ” some said. Others, tired of reading what others had argued before them, were simply content to say “Ebert doesn’t get it.”评卷人评卷人得分得分 四、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Using Plants To Generate Electricity As free as they make us, mobile phones still need to stay close to a power source. Soon that may change with green power. Three Chilean students got the idea for a plant-powered 37． to charge their cell-phones, while sitting in their school’s outdoor courtyard during a break from exams, with dead mobile phones. Then, one of them had an aha moment. “It occurred to Camila to say about plants,” said inventor Evelyn Aravena. “Why don’t you have a socket, if there are so many plants? After that, we thought, why don’t they have a charger? Because there are so many plants and living things that have the 38． to produce energy, why not?”Their invention — a small 39． current they call E-Kaia — uses the energy plants produce during photosynthesis. A plant uses only a part of that energy — the rest goes into the soil, and that’s where the E -Kaia collects it. The device plugs into the ground and then into your phone. -Kaia collects it. The device plugs into the ground and then into your phone. Mauricio Cifuentes of Duoc University said, “It’s the most amazing 40． I’ve ever seen in my life, plain and simple. At least from my personal point of view I began to 41． them. It was transformatio transformational.”nal.”The device solved two problems for the engineering students — they needed an idea for a class project, and an outlet to plug in their phones. “Looking for a place to charge the notebook, which had no 42．, and the mobile phones, we weren’t able to find anything because all the other students were in the same state of madness trying to find a place to charge their devices,” said Aravena. But plants are everywhere, and the bio-circuit taps into their excess power. “There is a complete energy cycle of the plant. We 43． to make use of the cycle, then we would not affect the plant’s growth. The bio -circuit makes an acquisition and that is 44． into energy to later make charges for low consumption,” said inventor Camila Rupcich.The E-K aia doesn’t carry much charge but it’s powerful enough to Kaia doesn’t carry much charge but it’s powerful enough to 45． recharge a mobile phone in less than two hours. The student inventors have applied for patents on their 46．, and expect the E-Kaia to go on sale in the near future. 评卷人评卷人得分得分 五、六选四Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Kick Your Way To Success No man in the world does not desire success. Actually every path to success starts with a great idea. There’s only one problem: good ideas are everywhere. When successful, what really matters is not having an idea, but having the courage to make it a reality. This usually means losing the sense of security of a normal job and the risk of getting a steady salary. Even with a great idea and the courage to pursue it, your efforts will be worthless unless you are willing to take massive action. Write down your goals and the action steps you will take to pursue those goals. 47．Share it with others, so they will hold you accountable for achieving your plan. Make yourself responsible and master of your destiny. Without passion, even the greatest vision will become weaker. Without passion, your energy and enthusiasm will flag when you meet with inevitable obstacles. 48．It’s the force allowing you to devote every moment of your workday to bring you closer to the success you are eager to. Once you’ve made a decision, doubt is a worm that eats away at your ability to succeed. Life and work can be hard and even cruel. Remember, the race is not for the swift but rather those who persevere. Rather than allowing doubt to affect your progress, you should be confident in your vision and plan. 49．The old sayings of “no one is an island” and “there is a powerful man” may sound a bit old, but they don’t make them unreal. 50． Meeting regularly can be positive and provide new perspectives on your approach. The Internet makes it very easy to find a coach, an instructor, or a planning group that can provide the emotional support, experience, and wisdom to help turn your vision into reality. A ．Make your passion a physical trait of your personality. B ．Post your vision and plan in your bedroom, bathroom, office. C ．However, taking the easy way of dishonesty has a tendency to sneak back up on you. D ．In the process, adapt to your needs, but know that success will ultimately be yours. E ． Even with self-discipline, in the long run, you’ll need contact with spiritual leaders.F ．In the end, it causes far more problems than taking the risk of telling the truth. 评卷人评卷人得分得分 六、概要写作51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. To Be A Creative Person Without creative people, the world would be a terrible place. Can you imagine a life without art? The thought alone makes me tremble. Could you be the next William Shakespeare, Steven Spielberg, or J.K. Rowling? Creative types don’t always get along well with management because th ey would rather march to the beat of their own drum. Most people have a strong desire to fit in, something that you don’t understand. Following the rules makes you uncomfortable. While most people are running and hiding from problems, you purposely seek them because you love nothing more than a fresh new challenge. You wrote a blog many months ago and thought it was wonderful at the time you published it. But then you read it again later and wonder, “What on earth was I thinking?” You then identify approximately a thousand ways it could have been better and kick yourself for being so stupid. A brain lacking curiosity is not creative. Some writers go to a country house or beach to write novels for a reason. Some atmospheres are more helpful to creativity than others. Maybe you like to pack up your laptop and go to a coffee shop, downtown bench, or under a tree at the park. Whatever the case may be, you need to know where to go to develop your creativity. Inspiration doesn’t happen on its own. Whether it is the opening of an art gallery, a theatrical production, or live music at a downtown bar, you search for inspiration wherever you can find it. It’s nice to know you’re not alone in your desire to create. Whether a person who hates you thinks your art is bad, a family member thinks you deserve a real job, or a friend thinks your ideas will never work, and you will never give in to outside pressure. 评卷人评卷人得分得分 七、汉译英Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．不要运动过度，不然有猝死的可能。

(直打版)2018全国高考英语完型填空真题汇编(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(直打版)2018全国高考英语完型填空真题汇编(含答案)(word版可编辑修改)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

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During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess，for three credits。

I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess。

And, even if I weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grand master, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game's 46 I could hardly wait to 47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach， and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction， he made it 49 that our credits would be hard—earned。

2018年高考英语真题分类汇编专题09：完形填空一、完形填空（共7题；共140分）1.（2018•卷Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I1 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn't want to2 afew dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren't3 enough about free credits, news about our4 was appealing enough tome. He was an international grandmaster, which 5 I would be learning from oneof the game's 6 ,I could hardly wait to 7 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 8 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he make it 9 thatour credits would be hard-earned. In order to 10 the class, among other criteria,we had to write a paper on how we plan to 11 what we would learn in class to ourfuture professions and 12 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that13 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 14 .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he15 me: "The absolute most important 16 that you learn when you play chessis how to make good 17 .On every single move you have to 18 a situation, process what your opponent(对手) is doing and 19 the best move from among all your options."These words still ring true today in my 20 as ajournalist.1. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down2. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay3. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired4. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor5. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant6. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest7. A. interciew B. meet C. challcnge D. beat8. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job9. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible10. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe11. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare12. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally13. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment14. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation15. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised16. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill17. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments18. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control19. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate20. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）D；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）C；（14）B；（15）D；（16）D；（17）B；（18）A；（19）D；（20）A；【考点】夹叙夹议，单项选择型，人物故事类【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一位大二的学生从学校的围棋课程以及围棋老师身上学到的人生哲理和对他十年后的生活和工作的影响。