当前位置:文档之家› 英语语法精讲多练(英语语法一本通)附答案

英语语法精讲多练(英语语法一本通)附答案

英语语法精讲多练(英语语法一本通)附答案
英语语法精讲多练(英语语法一本通)附答案

【考试内容概述】

第一节词类(冠词、名词、代词、数词)

【冠词内容讲解】

1.不定冠词a/an用法

2.定冠词the的用法

3.零冠词

1.不定冠词 a / an

用在单数名词之前,表示某一类人或事物的“一个”。

表示个别或泛指的用法:

【例1】How about taking _____ short break? I want to make _____call.

A.the; a

B.a; the

C.the; the

D.a; a

『正确答案』D

『答案解析』take a short break“休息一会儿”,make a call“打一个电话”。

【例2】Christmas is _____ special holiday when _____ whole family are supposed to get together.

A.the; the

B.a; a

C.the; a

D.a; the

『正确答案』D

『答案解析』a special holiday指“某一个特别的节日”;the whole family为特指。

注意:

不定冠词还可用于固定短语中,在这些固定短语中,a 是不可缺少的一部分。例如:

have a seat 坐下

in a hurry匆忙地

have a good time 玩得开心

have a cold /fever 感冒/发烧

不定冠词还可以用在具体化的抽象名词前

【例题】—How about _____ Christmas evening party?

—I should say it was _____ success.

A.a; a

B.the; a

C.a; 不填

D.the; 不填

『正确答案』B

『答案解析』the Christmas evening party为特指刚结束的圣诞晚会;a success考查抽象名词具体化时的不定冠词用法。success原为抽象名词,不可数,但在此处已经完全具体化而变为可数名词。题中a success意为“一次成功的晚会”。当抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、情感、情绪的人和事时,这个抽象名词已经变为可数名词,再如What a pleasant surprise you gave us! 意为“你真的给我们带来了惊喜!”

2.定冠词 the

定冠词the特指某一个人或事物,可用于单数或复数名词前,也可用于不可数名词前。

【例题】I looked under _____ bed and found _____ books I lost last week.

A.the; a

B.the; the

C.不填; the

D.the; 不填

『正确答案』B

『答案解析』此题中的the bed和the books都为特指。the bed 指“所看的床”;the books 指“所丢的书”。

定冠词的其他用法:

1)定冠词用于表示江、湖、海、群岛、山脉等专有名词前。例如:

the Atlantic 大西洋

the Persian Gulf波斯湾

the Alps阿尔卑斯山

2)姓氏复数前加the,表示“某一家人”。例如:

the Browns 布朗一家

3)定冠词与形容词连用,表示某一类人,为复数概念。例如:

the rich 富人

the poor 穷人

the dying临终的人

the blind盲人

the young年轻人

4)在某些词组中,the 是不可缺少的一部分。例如:

in the morning在早上

on the right 在右边

in the north 在北方

5)世界上独一无二的事物前加定冠词。例如:

the earth 地球,the sun 太阳,the world 世界

6)乐器名词前加定冠词。例如:

the piano 钢琴,the violin 小提琴,the guitar吉他

7)听广播、看电影、看戏等。例如:

listen to the radio,go to the cinema / theatre / concert

8)前面已经提到的事物,第二次提及时要加定冠词。例如:

I got a letter yesterday.

The letter was sent from Russia by my uncle.

【例1】_____ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas.

A.The Evens

B.The Evens’

C.The Evenses

D.Evenses

『正确答案』C

『答案解析』the+姓氏表示一家人。

【例2】After watching _____ TV, she played _____ violin for an hour.

A.不填, 不填

B.the, the

C.the, 不填

D.不填, the

『正确答案』D

『答案解析』watch TV和play the violin都是固定搭配。

3.零冠词(不用加冠词的情况)

在某些惯用词短语中,名词前不加冠词,以具体名词表示抽象概念。例如:

go to school 上学

go to bed 睡觉

go to church 去教堂做礼拜

at home在家

on foot走路

by air / train / bus乘坐飞机、火车、公共汽车等

【例1】George couldn’t remember when he first met Mr.Anderson, but he was sure it was ____ Sunday because everybody was at _____ church.

A./; the

B.the; /

C.a; /

D./; a

『正确答案』C

『答案解析』a Sunday泛指某一个星期天;at church为固定搭配,不用冠词,意为“在做礼拜”。

【例2】Many people have come to realize that they should go on _____ balanced diet and make _____ room in their day for exercise.

A.a; /

B.the; a

C.the; the

D./; a

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』a balanced diet泛指“一种平衡的饮食”;make room为固定搭配,意为“腾出空间”。

【名词内容讲解】

1.可数名词和不可数名词

2.名词所有格的用法

3.名词作定语的用法

1.可数名词和不可数名词

名词:表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词。可将名词分为普通名词和专有名词。

普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单、复数之分。绝大多数名词的复数构成方法是在单数形式后加-s或-es。

考试中常常要考查名词的数,主谓一致关系等语法结构题目,因此,考生要复习下列典型名词:1)advice(建议),information(消息),furniture(家具), equipment (设备)等等,在汉语里好似是可数的概念,但在英语里是不可数的,词尾不可以加s。

例如:He always gives us some good advice.

【例1】The young couple bought _____ for their living room.

A.some new furniture

B.some new furnitures

C.many new furniture

D.many new furnitures

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』furniture是不可数名词,没有复数且不能用many修饰。

【例2】What a beautiful house! Especially there are many _____.

A.furniture

B.furnitures

C.pieces of furniture

D.pieces of furnitures

『正确答案』C

『答案解析』furniture是不可数名词,且不能直接用many修饰。

2)形为复数,实为单数的名词。

例如:the United States,the Philippines,news,series,physics,ethics,electronics 等学科名词。

【例题】Mathematics ______easy to learn.

A.is

B.are

C.can

D.feels

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』mathematics是“数学”,表示一门学科,是单数概念。

2.名词的所有格

1)“名词+’s”构成的所有格

当名词是人名,或表示有生命的东西的时候,可以加’s来表示所有关系。

2)“of +名词”构成的所有格

它既可用于有生命的名词,又可用于无生命的名词,但多用于无生命的东西。

例如: the legs of the table 桌腿

the works of Mark Twain 马克·吐温的著作

3)双重所有格

即“of + 名词’s 所有格”,表示整体中的一个或部分。此时of前面的名词一定要有一个a (an),two,any,some,several,no,few,another或this,that,these,those之类的修饰语(这个修饰语一般不能是one和the)。

例如:a photo of Tom’s 汤姆的一张照片(这是他许多照片中的一张,照片上不一定是汤姆

本人)

a photo of Tom汤姆的照片(照片上的人则是汤姆自己)

【例题】Sorry, I don’t know he is a friend of ________

A.your brother

B.your brothers

C.your brother’s friend

D.your brother’s

『正确答案』D

『答案解析』表示哥哥的朋友中的一个,用双重所有格。

3.名词作定语

有时候,一个名词可以直接修饰另一个名词,用作定语,作定语的名词一般用单数形式,如,a bus driver。

【例题】John went to the ______ to buy a pair of shoes yesterday.

A.shoes store

B.shoes’ store

C.shoe’s store

D.shoe store

『正确答案』D

『答案解析』名词作定语不具有数量的概念,一般用单数形式。

1)man,woman,gentleman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。

【例题】All the _______ in the hospital got a rise yesterday.

A.women doctors

B.woman doctors

C.women doctor

D.woman doctor

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』woman等作定语时,其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。题干中是all修饰,所以用复数。

2)名词常和数词中间加连字符,一起组成复合结构,作定语。这时名词也应当用单数形式,如:

a ten-mile walk 十英里的路程

a five-year plan 一个五年计划

有时,复合结构还可跟一个由连字符连接的形容词,如:

a five-year-old girl 一个五岁的小女孩

【例1】Apple is a ________ word.

A.five-letter

B.five-letters

C.fives-letters

D.five letters

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』名词常和数词中间加连字符,一起组成复合结构,作定语。这时名词也应当用单数形式。

【例2】 Dr.Jones has a ________ daughter.

A.five-years-old

B.five-year-old

C.five years old

D.five year old

『正确答案』B

『答案解析』名词常和数词中间加连字符,一起组成复合结构,作定语。这时名词也应当用单

数形式。

【代词内容讲解】

1.代词的区别

2.限定词的区别

3.it用法

1.all,both,either,neither,each,none的用法比较

both,either和neither都表示两者,可作主语、宾语和定语。both还可作同位语。neither 表示两者否定;either表示两者中任何一个,强调个体;both表示“两者都”。

all和none表示三者或三者以上。all表示全部肯定,而none表示全部否定。

【例1】I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but ________ of them came.

A.neither

B.either

C.none

D.both

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』表示两者都不,用neither。

【例2】I had to buy ________ these books because I didn't know which one was the best.

A.both

B.none

C.neither

D.all

『正确答案』D

『答案解析』后文使用的最高级,表示是三者或者三者以上进行比较,答案选all。

【例3】—Do you want tea or coffee?

— ________.I really don't mind.

A.Both

B.None

C.Either

D.Neither

『正确答案』C

『答案解析』表示两者中任何一个都可以,用either。

2.few和a few,little和a little的区别

few 和little 都表示“少”和“几乎没有”的意思,具有否定意义。

a few 和a little 表示“一点”和“一些”的意思,具有肯定意义。

(a)few 修饰或代替可数名词,(a)little修饰或代替不可数名词。

例如:I know (a) little English.

I have (a) few friends.

3.other,another,the other,others的用法与区别

other 指另外的人或物

the other 指两个中的另一个,常和one 连用

another 则泛指另一个

others 泛指别人,可与some 连用,代替可数名词。

the others 表示其余所有的人或物,代替可数名词

例如:

Some pupils are reading the text loudly, while other students are doing their homework.

Some pupils are reading the text loudly, while others are doing their homework.

MS.Green has two beautiful hats.One is red, the other is blue.

This suit doesn’t fit me.Would you please show me another one?

【例1】One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ________.

A.the other is white

B.another white

C.the other white

D.another is white

『正确答案』C

『答案解析』the other 指两个中的另一个,常和one 连用,本题中省略了should be painted。

【例2】I have done much of the work.Could you please finish ________ in two days?

A.the rest

B.the other

C.another

D.the others

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』工作不可数,故用the rest。

4.some,any及其相应复合不定代词的辨析

some多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句。

在下列肯定句中常用any:

用于陈述句或祈使句中,意为“任何,无论哪一个”,后接可数名词单数形式。如:

Any book will do — I just want something to read on the train.

【例题】— When shall we meet again?

— Make it ________ day you like; it’s all the same to me.

A.one

B.any

C.another

D.some

『正确答案』B

『答案解析』表示“任何”用any。

5.名词替代词one,ones,that,those的区别

one和ones用来代替前面提到过的可数名词,one指代单数,ones指代复数,所替代的是同名异物,表示泛指,可有前置定语或后置定语,也可单独使用。特指时必须加定冠词the。

that用来代替前面提到过的单数可数名词或不可数名词,不能和冠词连用,其后常有修饰语。代替可数名词的复数时,用代词those。

【例题】We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen.So Peter made ________ from some wood we had.

A.it

B.one

C.himself

D.another

『正确答案』B

『答案解析』one用来代替前面提到过的可数名词,指代单数,所替代的是同名异物,表示泛指。

6.代词it的用法它既可以代替具体事物,又可以代替抽象事物,还可表示天气,时间距离等。此外,it还可以作先行词,作形式主语,形式宾语或者引出强调句型。

【例题】Coffee delays the body clock in the morning, and advances ____ at night.

A.it

B.them

C the coffee

D.the clock

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』it代替前文中具体的事物。

【例题】_________whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision.

A.What is not yet known

B.It is not yet known

C.As is not yet known

D.This is not yet known

『正确答案』B

『答案解析』it作形式主语。

【数词内容讲解】

1.基数词和序数词

2.分数词

3.确数和概数的表达

数词为表示“数量”、“顺序”和分数的词。数词部分的主要考点有:

1.基数词和序数词的基本用法

数词分基序数和序数词两类。基数词表示数目,序数词表示序数。序数词一般由基数词后加th 构成,且前通常要用定冠词the。如:

【例题】________ cave that George has discovered in his lifetime is near the Alps.

A.The hundredth

B.The hundred

C.Hundredth

D.A hundredth

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』由单数名词cave及单数谓语动词is可知,是用序数词,排除B;序数词前通常用the,排除C和D。

2.年龄表达法

1)表示某人几岁的确切年龄,用“基数词+years old”或者“at the age of+基数词”,也可直接用基数词。

【例题】He looked quite healthy though he was ____.

A.in seventy

B.in his seventy

C.at seventies

D.at the age of seventy

『正确答案』D

『答案解析』at the age of seventy= at seventy= seventy= seventy years old=seventy years of age(在70岁时)。

2)表示某人几十多岁这样的约略年龄,用“in one’s + 逢十的基数词的复数(如tens,twenties,thirties等)”来表达。如:

【例题】The hero of the story is an artist in his ________.

A.thirtieth

B.thirty

C.thirty’s

D.thirties

『正确答案』D

『答案解析』in his thirties在他30多岁时。

3.年代表达法

表示在某个世纪的几十年代,用“in the +逢十的基数词的复数”。基数词的复数若用阿拉伯数字表示,可直接加s,也可加’s。

【例题】It is not rare in ________ that people in ________ fifties are going to university for further education.

A.90s; the

B.the 90s; /

C.90s; their

D.the 90s; their

『正确答案』D

『答案解析』表示年代时,基数词前一定要用the,排除A和C;表示某人几十多岁,基数词前一定要用形容词性物主代词,排除B。

4.hundred, thousand和million的用法

在hundred,thousand,million,billion等的前面有基数词或several时,只能用单数形式,表示确切的数目。

注意这类词前不能与many连用,若表示不确定数目的数百、数千、数百万等时,就一定要在它们的复数形式后加of,如millions of people。

【例题】________ people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.

A.Several million

B.Many millions

C.Several millions

D.Many million

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』million前可用several修饰,此时其后不能加-s,many不能修饰million。请比较:He has millions of books.(他有许多许多书。)

dozen(十二),score(二十)的用法

与数词或many,several等连用时,不加-s,如two(many,several)dozen pencils。表示“几十;许多”时,可使用dozens of,scores of。

【例题】Mr.Smith ________ me to buy several ________eggs for the dinner party.

A.asked; dozen

B.suggested; dozens of

C.had; dozen

D.persuaded; dozens

『正确答案』A

『答案解析』dozen前有具体数字或some,several等修饰时要用单数形式;have作使役动词时,应该用省略to的动词不定式作宾补。答案为A。

5.序数词前通常要加定冠词the,但序数词不表示顺序而表示“再一,又一”时,前面要用不定冠词a(an)。

【例题】The cakes are delicious.He’d like to have ____ third one because ____ second one is rather too small.

A.a; a

B.the; the

C.a; the

D.the; a

『正确答案』C

『答案解析』从句意可知,第一空表示“再一”,应填a;第二空表示顺序“第二”,应填the。

答案为C。

6.分数的表达方式

分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母用复数。如:one-third三分之一,

three-sevenths七分之三。

表示几分之几或百分之几的人或物时,须在分数或百分数和人或物之间加of。若充当主语,谓语动词的数须与of后的名词保持一致。

【例题】_____ of the land in that district ________ covered with trees and grass.

A.Two fifth; is

B.Two fifth; are

C.Two fifths; is

D.Two fifths; are

『正确答案』C

『答案解析』“五分之二”应为“two fifths”;land是不可数名词,谓语动词应使用单数形式。答案为C。

第二节词类(形容词和副词)

【内容讲解】

1.形容词和副词的基本用法

2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

一、形容词

形容词主要用于修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的特点、性质或状态。

1.形容词的作用

1)形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语和补足语。

【例1】There is an increasing amount of evidence that more and more young people are taking an active interest in politics.

【例2】The music is very beautiful.

【例3】We should make our classroom clean.

另外,形容词还可以作状语,表示行为方式或伴随状况。

【例题】Having been praised by the teacher, the little girl ran back home, _____.

A.happily and satisfied

B.eager and excitedly

C.happy and satisfied

D.anxiously and excitedly

『正确答案』C

『答案解析』本题形容词用作状语,表示行为方式或伴随状况,描述小女孩的状态。

2)大多数形容词既可作定语又可作表语,有少数形容词只能做表语,不能作定语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词大多数以a开头,如:afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake, aware, well, unwell, ill, faint,等。

【例句】The two brothers look very much alike.

2.形容词的位置

1)单个形容词修饰名词的时候,通常前置。

【例句】He lives in a beautiful countryside.

但是下列情况下形容词却要后置:

高中英语语法:It的完整用法精讲 打印版

高中英语语法:It的完整用法精讲 it可用作人称代词、指示代词、先行词及引导词等。 1. 人称代词it,是第三人称单数中性,代表前文已提到过的一件事物。如: 1)That vase is valuable. It's more than 200 years old. 那个花瓶很珍贵,它有200多年的历史。 2)I love swimming. It keeps me fit. 我喜欢游泳,它能使我保持健康。 当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时,也可用it来表示。如: 3)It's a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 宝宝真可爱,是男孩还是女孩? it可用来指代团体。如: 4)The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal. 委员会已开过会,拒绝了这项建议。 it用以代替指示代词this, that.如: 5)--- What's this? --- It's a pen. —这是什么?—是一支钢笔。 6)--- Whose book is that? --- It's Mike's. —那是谁的书?—是迈克的。 2. 指示代词it,常用以指人。如: 7)Go and see who it is. 去看看是谁。 8)--- Who is making such a noise? —是谁发出这样的吵闹声? --- It must be the children. —一定是孩子们。 3.虚义it无指代性,常用作没有具体意义的主语,出现于表示天气、气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。如: 9)It is half past three now. 现在是三点半钟。 10)It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. 这里离最近的医院也有六英里。 11)It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark. 天气很冷;天下着雪,渐渐地变黑了。 it也常用来表示一般的笼统的情况。如: 12)It's awful—I've got so much work I don't know where to start. 糟透了——我有这么多工作要做我不知从何开始。 13)How is it going with you? 你近况如何? 14)Take it easy. 不要紧张。 it也常用于下列结构: 15)It looks as if the college is very small. 看起来这个学院很小。 16)It seems as though our plan will be perfect. 似乎我们的计划很完善。 17)It's my turn. 该轮到我了。 it也常用于某些习惯用语中作宾语,各该习惯用语有具体意义,但it并无具体意义。如:cab it 乘车catch it 受责,受罚come it 尽自己分内come it strong 做得过分walk it 步行make it 办成take it out of somebody 拿某人出气 4. 先行词it. it充当形式主语或形式宾语,本身无意义,只起一种先行引导的作用,先行词不重读。后面的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构或名词性从句。 (1)用作形式主语

高中英语语法课教案.doc

高中英语语法“虚拟语气”的教学设计 一、教材分析: 本课是结合外研社版高中英语教材选修6中有关虚拟语气的语法内容,进行高三虚拟语气的复习,教学中将语法知识的传授和语言基本技能的学习结合到一起,注重复习语法与语言的运用。采用任务型教学法和小组合作探究学习法,从而扩大课堂的语言输入量及学生的语言输出量。 二、学情分析: 在高一和高二英语学习基础上,高三学生已经掌握基本的语言结构和一定程度的听说读写能力。在高三语法复习的过程中,结合学生原有的知识掌握水平,巩固基础强化正确使用语法知识,提高学生运用语言的深度和难度.但大部分学生的基础知识仍然较为薄弱,运用英语进行交际活动的能力较差,主动学习的动力不够,然而他们学习比较认真,渴求知欲旺盛,思维比较活跃。部分学生的基础较好,能主动配合老师。只有设置使他们感兴趣的活动,因材施教,才能让他们投入到课堂活动中来。 三、教学重点: 1.复习的重点---语法虚拟语气的句型结构. 2.语法虚拟语气的运用 四、教学难点: 1.结合复习的语法知识,以课堂教学为依托,全面训练学生的听、说、读、写能力,加强和提高运用英语的综合能力。 2.虚拟语气在真实的生活语境中的使用。 五、教学目标: 1.知识目标: 引导学生掌握情态动词在虚拟语气之中的使用。培养学生通读,分析,理解,综合的能力,教会学生体察语境,结合上下文,附和逻辑推理和合理的想象,结合语法和题干中的语境解决高考题。在运用语言过程中培养学生的观察力、分析力、想象力和自学能力,提高思维能力和运用英语的综合能力。 2.能力目标: 利用多媒体手段营造积极和谐教学氛围,使学生进入情景之中,充分调动学生的思维活动和情感体验,规范学生运用英语知识准确表达的能力,同时,发展学生综合语言运用的能力,分析问题和解决问题的能力,培养学生自主学习。 3.德育目标: 用情态动词和虚拟语气的句子结构表达思想感情和正确的世界观、人生观。 六、教学策略:

北京学位英语语法精讲:名词性从句

北京学位英语试题精讲:名词性从句 1._____ you don’t know the rule won’t be a sufficient excuse for your failure. A. It is B. That C. Because D. What 【答案】B此题考查的是that引导的主语从句。这句话的意思是:你不知道规则,这不是解释你失利的充分理由。其他选项都不能引导。 2.___ was unimportant. A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not B. No matter how he enjoyed our dinner C. If he enjoyed our dinner D. What he enjoyed our dinner 【答案】A。本句为主语从句,意思是“他是否喜欢我们的饭不重要。”只有A最符合题意。 3.________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good. A. If...do B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does 【答案】D。每天游泳对我们有好处。从句作主语谓语动词用单数。 4. It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how 【答案】C。什么控制着二氧化碳的在大气中的进入和输出。 5. ________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C: 'Whatever D. Whichever 【答案】D。不论哪一队赢。 6. As soon as he comes back, I'll tell him when ________ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 【答案】A.他一回来我就告诉他你什么时候来看他。 7. John has a new car. I wonder__________ it. A. he got B. when did he get C. why he is getting D. when he got 【答案】D.约翰买了一辆新车,我想知道他什么时候买的。 8. We don’t know how ____in the park. A. the little boy got lost B. did the little boy get lost C. was the little boy lost D. tin- little boy lost 【答案】A.我们不知道这个小孩在公园里迷路了。 9. I can't remember __to come here and get my bad teeth fixed. A. I have how many times B. how many times have I C. how many times will I have D. how many times I have 【答案】D.我都记不清多少次来这里安牙了。 10. ——Is that your watch? ——No, I can't tell _____.

初中英语语法精讲全(教师版)

初中英语语法 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足 语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如: I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名 词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间 接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他 给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接 宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)

高中英语语法总结

高中英语语法总结 懂一点语法,在英语阅读方面的理解会更加透彻。下面是小编给大家整理的高中英语语法的相关知识,供大家参阅! 高中英语语法:助动词一.概念: 助动词是帮助主要动词构成各种时态,语态,语气以及否定或疑问结构的动词.助动词分为时态助动词和结构助动词两种. 二.相关知识点精讲: 1. 助动词be的用法 1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态。例如: They are having a meeting. 他们正在开会。 English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。 2) be + 过去分词,构成被动语态。例如: The window was broken by Tom.. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。 English is taught throughout the world. 世界各地都教英语。 3) be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容: a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排。例如: He is to go to New York next week.. 他下周要去纽约。 We are to teach the freshmen. 我们要教新生。 说明:这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。 b. 表示命令。例如:

You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。 He is to come to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午来办公室。 c. 征求意见。例如: How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他? Who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢? d. 表示相约、商定。例如: We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。 2. 助动词have的用法 1)have +过去分词,构成完成时态。例如: He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。 By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。 2)have + been +现在分词,构成完成进行时。例如: I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语,已达十年之久。 3)have +been +过去分词,构成完成式被动语态。例如: English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。 3.助动词do 的用法 1)构成一般疑问句。例如:

新目标八年级上册-英语语法知识点精讲+练习

新目标八年级上册 英语语法知识点精讲+练习 (一)一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do (动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法: 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下: 一般疑问句构成: (1)will+ 主语+do ? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be ? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won ’t 否定句构成:will + not (won’)t+do Sarah won ’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成: 特殊疑问词+will +主语+?What will Sarah do next Sunday? ★★练一练★★ 根据例句,用will 改写下列各句 be better tomorrow) 例:I don ’t feel well toda(y. I ’ll be better tomorro.w 1. Gina has six classes today.(have a lot of homework tonight) 2. I ’m tired no(w.sleep later)

北京学位英语语法精讲:倒装句

北京学位英语试题精讲:倒装 1. Not until I came to China ___ what kind of a country she is. A. I knew B. I didn’t know C. I did know D. did I know 【答案】D本题考查的是倒装强调句的用法。以not until开头的句子,结构为“助动词+主语+动词原形”。直到我来到中国才知道中国是一个什么样的国家。 2. No sooner ____ got to the station than it began to rain heavily. A. had I B. have I C. I had D. I have 【答案】A 本句考察no sooner…than…句型。no sooner 引导的句子要部分倒装;而no sooner 后接的事件比than后的事件要更早发生,属于过去的过去,所以用过去完成时。综上,选A 3. _____ the first to use nuclear weapons. A. At no time China will be B. Never China will be C. Will China never be D. At no time will China be 【答案】D考查倒装句的应用。以否定词开头的倒装句基本结构:否定词+情态动词/助动词+主语+表语/动宾结构。部分倒装仅仅将系动词、助动词或情态动词提前,而完全倒装则将谓语动词全部提前。 4. ____ the importance of wearing seat belts while driving. A. Little they realize B. They little do realize C. Little realize do they D. Little do they realize 【答案】D 本题考察的是倒装句式。含有否定意义的副词,如hardly, never, not, nor, neither, not only, little, seldom, scarcel, nowhere等位于句首时,句子用部分倒装的形式.提前助动词,情态动词,或be动词. 句意是“坐车时他们很少意识到系安全带的重要性.” 5. Not once ___ your sentence correctly. A. you have copied B. did you have copied C. have you copied D. have you been copied 【答案】C 表示否定的词语(如:not ,seldom, never等)放在句首时,句子采用倒装形式,故A项排除;copy的逻辑宾语时后面的sentence, 不是前面的句子主语you,故不用被动形式,D项排除,B项表达方式错误 6. Nowhere else in the world ___ more attractive scenery than is Switzerland. A. you can find B. is found C. can you find D. has been found 【答案】C。否定词nowhere放在句首,句子倒装:否定词+助动词(be动词)+主语。常放在句首的否定词有:nowhere (没有地方),never(从不),hardly, scarcely(几乎不),little (几乎没有)等。Barely does he have enough money to live on.他几乎没有足够的钱为生。Little did I think that I would lose the game.我根本没有想到我会输掉这场比赛。 7. No sooner had they got the goods covered up ___ it started raining hard. A. when B. than C. then D. after 【答案】B。no sooner…..than…一…就…;hardly…when…一…;就…;scarcely…when…一…就…。No sooner had I lain down than the telephone rang.我刚躺下,电话铃就响了。Scarcely had

仁爱英语七下语法精讲

七年级下学期英语测试卷(Unit 5 Topic 3-Unit 6 Topic 1) 一对一试卷分析及语法精讲/傅妍霏 笔试部分错题 1.(一)4,句意填空| 星期表达法 (七)7,短文填词| 星期表达法 星期表达法①(Unit 5 Topic 3) -What day is it today? 今天是星期几? -It's Monday. 星期一。 询问星期几的时候应该用What day...? 回答一般用It's...或Today is...。另外,询问节日时也用What day...?比如: -What day is it today? 今天什么日子?-It's May Day. 今天是劳动节。注意:①在西方国家,一周的第一天是Sunday星期日,最后一天是Saturday星期六。②表示星期的名词前应该用on。③表示星期几的七个单词首字母要大写。 1.It is Thursday today, so it’s _______ tomorrow. 2.It’s ______ on April 14th, 2018. 3.今天是星期三,所以昨天是星期二。

——It is Wednesday today, so it was _______ yesterday. 4.They go shopping on _______ [?s?t?rde?]. 5.It's Sunday .(对画线部分提问) _____ _____ is it today? 星期表达法②(Unit 5 Topic 1+补充) weekday和weekend都是可数名词,都可以用来形容一周内的时间。试比较以下几句例句的差别。 例1I go to school on weekdays. 我周一到周五每天都去上学。 例2 If you want to avoid the crowds, it's best to come on a weekday... 如果想避免人多,最好在周一到周五的任意一天来。 例3 Why don't you and I go away this weekend? 不如咱俩这个周末出去度假吧? 例4 We go swimming most weekends in summer. 在夏天,我们基本每个周末都去游泳。

成人学位英语语法 反意疑问句

学位英语试题精讲:反意疑问句 1. The little boy dare not go to church, ______ A. dare he B. daren't he C. does he D. doesn't he 【答案】A 小男孩不敢去教堂,是吗?dare在这里是情态动词。 2. I wish to shake hands with you, ______ A. shall I B. may I C. do I D. will I 【答案】B 我想和你握手,可以吗? 3. He ought to go to Kwangchow by plane, ______ A. should he B. shouldn't he C. would he D. wouldn't he 【答案】B 他应该乘飞机去Kwangchow,是吧? 4. They must have stayed at hotel last night, ______ A. mustn't they B. haven't they C. didn't they D. hadn't they 【答案】C 他们昨晚一定是呆在宾馆里了,是吧? 5. We never dared to ask him a question, ______ A. did we B. didn't we C. dared we D. daren't we 【答案】A 我们从不敢问他问题,是吧? 6. Don't forget to post the letter for me, ? A. do you B. will you C. are you D. can you 【答案】B 凡是do not 引领得祈使句,反意疑问句用will you 来反问 7. Please let us have more time, ___. A. shall we B. will you C. won’t D. Don’t you 【答案】B 本题考查的是反意疑问句的用法。以let us开头的祈使句,反意疑问用will you。再给我们一些时间,好吗? 8. Let’s start working on the project, _____? A. shall we B. will we C. don’t we D. aren’t we 【答案】A 前面的句子用let’s后面就用shall we,反意疑问句的特例,需记住。 9. Let John finish the work all by himself,___________? A. shall we B. will you C. do you D. do we

新目标八年级上册 英语语法知识点精讲+练习

新目标八年级上册英语语法知识点精讲+练习 (一)一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do(动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain. will do结构表示将来的用法: 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下: 一般疑问句构成: (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t 否定句构成:will + not (won’t)+do Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成: 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? ★★练一练★★ 根据例句,用will改写下列各句 例:I don’t feel well today. (be better tomorrow) I’ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight) _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. (sleep later) _____________________________ 3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon) _____________________________ 4. We can’t leave right now. (leave a little later) _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow) _____________________________ 答案:1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. I’ll sleep later. 3. They’ll buy one soon. 4. We’ll leave a little later. 5. Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow.

湖南成人教育学位英语【语法】重点详细解析(一)

湖南成人教育学位英语【语法】重点详细解析(一) 时态语态情态动词虚拟语气非谓语动词 一、时态: 我们需要特别注意以下几种情况和句型结构: 1.一般现在时可以代替将来时,用于时间和条件状语从句中。例如: 1)Return the book immediately to the library as soon as you _____ it. A. finish B. are finished C. have finished D. are finishing 答案A。 2)Please be sure to telephone me the next time you _____. A. will come B. would come C. shall come D. come 答案D。 2.在“This is the first time…”结构中,后面的从句用现在完成时。 句子开头也可以用it代替this 例:This is the first time that I have met Jane. 3.在“It/This is +形容词最高级+名词后面的从句中,用现在完成时。” 例:This is one of the best books _____ on the subject. A. that have ever been written B. which have ever been written C. that has ever been written D. whatever have been written 答案为A。 4.在“It is/has been+时间段+since…后边用过去时。” 例:It has been twenty years since I left my hometown. 5.在“no sooner…than”和“hardly…when…”结构中,主句部分用过去完成时,从句部分用过去时。例如: 1)I had no sooner returned than he called.

2012届高考英语语法精讲精练-动词的时态和语态[教师版]

2012届新课标高三第二轮专题讲解 动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词,在历年高考题中动词所占比例最大。设题时给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及其短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。 英语中的时态共有十六种,但是常考的或较常用的有十一种。见下表: (一)一般现在时 1.表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用行为动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用 We always care for each other and help each other. 2.表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受主句时态的限制) The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.

1.表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,只用一般现在时; The plane takes off at 10:00 a.m.飞机上午10点起飞。 2.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从 句中有时可以用shall或will表“意愿”,不表示时态; I’ll go there after I finish my work. If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased. 3.以here, there开头的句子里,go, come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。 There comes the bus.汽车来了。 Here she comes.她来了。 (二)一般过去时 1.过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态 He lived in Beijing when he was young.他年轻时生活在北京。 2.表达过去发生的动作 We visited the factory last Friday.上周五我们参观了那家工厂。 1.有些动词如:think, want, plan等用在一般过去时中常常译为“原来认为/以为,原来想,原计划”。 I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn't.我原以为这部电影是很有趣的,但是事实并非如此。 2.考生有时用现在完成时代替一般过去时 Hello, I _______you were in London. How long _________here? A. don’t know; were you B. hadn’t known; are you C. haven’t known; are D. didn’t know; have you be en 【解析】非常容易误选B。其实答案为D,因为“didn’t know” 强调的是见面前不知道,即指过去不知道。 (三)一般将来时

学位英语语法精讲:定语从句综合练习-解析及答案

学位英语试题精讲:定语从句综合练习 1. I will never forget the ten years ___ we both spent in the little village. A. when B. during which C. which D. in which 【答案】C。该题是定语从句。关系代词which在定语从句中做动词spent 的宾语。从句还原一下:we both spent ten years in the little village. 2. My vacation begins next Tuesday, ___ I will leave for Florida. A. which B. that C. while D. when 【答案】D 从句意上可以判断该句后半部分是限定Tuesday 的定语从句,所以C项可以排除;在该定语从句中,先行词Tuesday在从句中作状语,应该是on Tuesday, 故引导定语从句可用on which或when。 3. Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village ___ he belonged. A. to which B. which C. to where D. at which 【答案】A。固定搭配belong to :属于。因此选to which。Where是连接副词不加介词。 5. The moon is a world that is completely still and utter silence prevails. A. that B. where C. which D. whenever 【答案】B 这句话中world 带来两个定语从句,一是that is completely still“完全静止”,二是where utter silence prevails,“完全沉寂”,其中utter silence “完全的沉寂”,prevail v.“盛行,遍及”;这里必须用where 引导从句,是因为world 这个先行词在--utter silence prevails 中充当地点状语,where=in which,“在月球上';全句意为“月球是一个完全静止,完全沉寂的世界”。 6. The tsunami (海啸) ___ over 160,000 people were killed was a terrible disaster for human beings. A. of that B. among which C. during that D. in which 【答案】D. 本题考查的是定语从句中关系词与介词的搭配使用。在海啸中丧生的搭配为dead in the tsunami, 因此应选D项,in which。 7. John isn't the same man before. A. what he was B. that he was C. who he was D. as he was 【答案】D the same ....as...“跟....一样”,是固定搭配。

大学英语语法精讲与练习.doc

学习好资料欢迎下载 大学英语语法精讲与练习 1.名词前的单位词(1. 3) a piece of advice/bread/cake/chalk/work/furniture/cloth/paper/ne ws /information/evidence/luggage/luck/business an item of news/information a drop of oil/water/whiskey an article of clothing/lu ggage/furniture a bar of chocolate/soap/iron/gold an ear of wheat/rice a loaf of bread a lump of coal/sugar/clay a slice of bread/bacon/meat/cake 表示成群的单位词 a flock of birds/geese/pigeons/visitors/customers a herd of bees/ants/ stars a pack of thieves/wolves/hounds( 猎狗) a bunch of keys/bananas/grapes/roses a bundle of clothes/letters/firewood a crowd of robbers

2.主语与谓语的一致主 语与谓语一致的原则: 1 )语法一致 2 )概念一致:谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语所表达的概念, 而不取决于表面的语法标志。 The crowd were fighting for their lives. Three years in a strange land seems like a long time. 3 )就近原则 Here is a dictionary and a few books. Only one out of five were present. 符合语法一致的几种情况( 4 ) 1 )当主语为单数,虽后续 with, along with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than, like, besides, but, except, in addition to 引导的短语,谓语用 单数。 An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work. Nobody but John and George was there.

打印版新概念二语法精讲精练

新概念英语第二册语法精粹及练习(一) 新概念二册语法精粹一、一般现在时 一、一般现在时: 1.构成:使用动词原形,第三人称单数须有变化。 (1)直接加“s”,works,takes (2)以辅音加“y”结尾,变“y”为“i”,再加“es”,carry → carries (3)以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的动词加“es”, goes dresses watches brushes 2.功能: (1)表现在的事实、状态或动作: eg: Birds fly. She loves music. Mary's parents get up very early. (2)表习惯性动作或职业,常与often,sometimes,usually,always,every week,seldom,occasionally,frequently等时间副词连用。 eg: I always take a walk after supper. She writes to me very often. Tom and his girlfriend go out to take a picnic occasionally. (3)表客观真理,格言警句或事实: The earth moves round the sun. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. Two and two makes four. No man but errs. 人非圣贤,熟能无过。 (4)表将来: A.在由when,after, before,as,as soon as,although,because,if,even if,in case,till,until,unless,so long as, where, whatever,wherever 等引导的状语从句中用一般现在时表将来发生的动作。 (黄金重点,所有考试都不放过它!) 例如:I'll tell her when shecomes tomorrow. Even ifit rains this afternoon, I'll meet you.

学位英语语法精讲-限制性定语从句练习

学位英语试题精讲:限制性定语从句 1.I like the second football match __________ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. / 【答案】C 我喜欢上周进行的第二场足球赛。先行词match 2.There is only one thing __________ I can do. A. what B. that C. all D. which 【答案】B only修饰先行词thing 连接词选that 3.All _____ is needed is a Supply of oil. A.the thing B.that C.what D.which 【答案】B 先行词是all 连接词that 4.He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school. A.that B.when C.who D.which 【答案】A 先行词有人有物品连接词that 5.I’ve got a bottle of beer, but I haven’t got anything ______ I can open it with. A. that B. what C. where D. which 【答案】A 先行词是不定代词,连接词that 6.This is the dictionary _____ I depend a lot whenever I have problems with new words. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. for which 【答案】C 此句测试定语从句的用法.depend on 依靠,取决于.因此C为正确答案。 7.The beautiful dress _______ Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers. A.in which B.worn by C.through which D.on which 【答案】A Miss Jones went to the ball in the beautiful dress. 介词不能省略 8.The knife _______we cut the bread is very sharp. A.which B.that C.with it D.with which 【答案】D we cut the breadwith the knife介词不能省略 9.The Second World War _______ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.

相关主题
文本预览
相关文档 最新文档