澳大利亚联邦（英语：Commonwealth of Australia），简称“澳大利亚”（Australia）。领土面积7692024平方公里，四面环海，是世界上唯一国土覆盖一整个大陆的国家，因此也称“澳洲”。澳大利亚原为澳大利亚土著的居住地。17世纪初，西班牙、葡萄牙和荷兰人先后抵此。1770年沦为英国殖民地，1901年组成澳大利亚联邦，成为英国的自治领。1931年成为英联邦内的独立国家。
澳大利亚是一个高度发达的资本主义国家，首都为堪培拉。作为南半球经济最发达的国家和全球第12大经济体、全球第四大农产品出口国，其也是多种矿产出口量全球第一的国家，因此被称作“坐在矿车上的国家”。同时，澳大利亚也是世界上放养绵羊数量和出口羊毛最多的国家，也被称为“骑在羊背的国家”。澳大利亚人口高度都市化，近一半国民居住在悉尼和墨尔本两大城市，全国多个城市曾被评为世界上最适宜居住的地方之一。
澳大利亚的约70%的国土属于干旱或半干旱地带，中部大部分地区不适合人类居住。澳大利亚有11个大沙漠，它们约占整个大陆面积的20%。澳大利亚是世界上最平坦、最干燥的大陆，中部的艾尔湖是澳大利亚的最低点，湖面低于海平面16米。能作畜牧及耕种的土地只有26万平方公里，主要分布在东南沿海地带。
墨累河和达令河是澳大利亚最长的两条河流。澳大利亚被称为“世界活化石博物馆”。据统计，澳大利亚有植物1.2万种，有9000种是其他国家没有的；有鸟类650种，450种是澳大利亚特有的。鸸鹋是出现在澳大利亚国徽上的动物之一，是飞翔功能已经退化的大鸟，它是澳大利亚最大的鸟，鸸鹋是世界上最大的陆地鸟之一，也是世界上最古老的鸟种之一，是鸟纲鹤鸵目鸸鹋科唯一残存种。树袋熊（Koala）考拉，澳大利亚特有的动物，国宝，分布于澳大利亚东南部的尤加利树林区。考拉就这么抱着树，简直就是一个萌物，记住：千万不能去打扰它们！鸭嘴兽（Platypus）澳大利亚的单孔类哺乳动物，鸭嘴兽分布于澳大利亚东部约克角至南澳大利亚之间，在塔斯马尼亚岛也有栖息。袋鼠（Kangaroo）原产于澳大利亚大陆和巴布亚新几内亚的部分地区。其中，有些种类为澳大利亚独有。不同种类的袋鼠在澳大利亚各种不同的自然环境中生活，从凉性气候的雨林和沙漠平原到热带地区。所有袋鼠不管体积多大，有一个共同点：长着长脚的后腿强健而有力，腹部表面都有一个育儿袋。袋鼠以跳代跑，最高可跳到4米，最远可跳至13米，可以说是跳得最高最远的哺乳动物。野兔澳大利亚本来没有兔子，1788年，随着英国人首次定居澳大利亚的船队，几十只兔子被运到澳大利亚，最初是作为培养食用肉类而引进，后来一些富裕的人家把兔子放到大自然作为狩猎，让兔子逃到草原上飞快繁殖。在1950年，澳大利亚的兔子估计达到6亿只，它们破坏植被，致使水土流失，草原和畜牧业面临长时间的破坏。澳大利亚动用了各种方法来减少兔子的数目，在1991年，澳大利亚的兔子数目下降到大约3亿只。
行政区划澳大利亚有六个州（State）和两个领地（Territory）。州和领地澳大利亚行政区划六个州：新南威尔士州（NSW）-首府悉尼；昆士兰州（QLD）-首府布里斯班；南澳大利亚州（SA）-首府阿德莱德；塔斯马尼亚（TAS）-首府霍巴特；维多利亚州（VIC）-首府墨尔本；西澳大利亚州（WA）-首府珀斯；两个领地是：澳大利亚首都领地（ACT）-首府堪培拉；北领地（NT）-首府达尔文。
澳洲英语+澳洲俚语 A Ace! : Excellent! Very good! Aerial pingpong: Australian Rules football Amber fluid: beer Ankle biter: small child Apples，she?ll be: It?ll be alright Arvo: afternoon Aussie (pron. Ozzie): Australian Aussie salute: brushing away flies with the hand Avos: avocados B B & S: Bachelors? and Spinsters? Ball - a very enjoyable party usually held in rural areas Back of Bourke: a very long way away Bail out: depart，usually angrily Bail (somebody) up: to corner somebody physically Barbie: barbecue (noun) Banana bender: a person from Queensland Barrack: to cheer on (football team etc.) Bastard: term of endearment Battler: someone working hard and only just making a living Beaut，beauty: great，fantastic Big-note oneself: brag，boast Bikkie: biscuit (also "it cost big bikkies" - it was expensive) Billabong: an ox-bow river or watering hole Billy: large tin can used to boil water over a campfire for tea Bities: biting insects Bitzer: mongrel dog (bits of this and bits of that) Bizzo: business ("mind your own bizzo") Black Stump，beyond the: a long way away，the back of nowhere Bloke: man，guy Bloody: very (bloody hard yakka) Bloody oath!: that?s certainly true Blow in the bag: have a breathalyzer test Blowie: blow fly Bludger: lazy person，layabout，somebody who always relies on other people to do things or lend him things Blue: fight ("he was having a blue with his wife") Blue，make a: make a mistake
澳大利亚 Australia is a modern country of immigrants, a strong proponent of the Administration and grass dwelling, protecting the environment, so here are each of a city as beautiful as the Garden. The 17,336,000 existing population, the United Kingdom and other European countries the immigrant population accounted for about 95% of the total, the official language is English. Christian residents accounted for 98%, a small number of people believe in Judaism, Islam and Buddhism. 澳大利亚是个现代化的移民国家，政府当局大力提倡栽花种草、保护环境，所以这里的每一座城市都像花园一样美丽。该国现有人口1733.6万，英国和其他欧洲国家的移民后裔约占总人口的95%，官方语言为英语。居民中信奉基督教的占98%，少数人信奉犹太教，伊斯兰教和佛教。 Fashion Etiquette 服饰礼仪 Australia, many men wear suits and ties, playing a black tie in formal occasions; many women to wear skirts all year round, while social occasions with a suit jacket. Youth prefer jeans, indigenous people are naked, or at waist scarf be binding, more about the indigenous people will also be put on scarf. Indigenous people of the decorations are rich and varied, there is Arms band, collar, put on his forehead, nose bone needles and so on, when the holiday will be applied in a variety of body color. 澳大利亚男子多穿西服，打领带，正式场合打黑色领结；妇女一年四季多穿裙子，社交场合则搭配西装上衣。年轻人比较喜欢牛仔裤，土著居民则赤身裸体，或在腰间扎条围巾，比较讲究的土著会在身上也披条围巾。土著人的装饰品丰富多彩，有臂环、项圈、前额箍、骨制鼻针等，节日时，还会在身上涂抹各种颜色。 Communication etiquette 交际礼仪 Are common to shake hands with the Australian way of greeting, hugging kissing is more rare and occurs in many women between friends. Time the concept of a strong Australian business and Date must be booking in advance to attend the appointment on time; private visit would bring presents, the most appropriate is a bouquet of
Culture of Australia In this class, I want to know something about Australia. The culture of Australia is essentially a western culture influenced by the unique geography of the Australian continent. I want to know such as the location and geography, demography, linguistic affiliation, history and ethnic relations. I like Australia and I hope one day I can go there to see its beautiful view. Because Australia living in the first-class level of education in today's world, every year it attracts a large number of international students to Australia Post-graduate. Stepping into Australia's five schools on the top, we will find the Australian university education combines American-style opened ethos and continuation of the traditional British education. P ersonnel’s training provides a relaxed learning space, and it’s a good academic atmosphere there. At last, the teacher taught us the grammar of English, some idioms in English and played some videos about Australia. In teaching, the teacher taught in English from beginning to the end which made us improve our own listening. We thank the teacher and I hope his class will be better and better. That’s all I wanted. Now I will give the teacher some advice. Teachers stressed the importance of constructing and understanding the situational factors. Under the guidance of a teacher, the students explore the social and cultural values to reflect on why some culture can be popular for a long time, and how it became a product of the times. Students' thinking and values will changes to make a re-interpretation about how different the groups of culture are. Students explore the culture points to the audience about how to influence the culture. Students’ sensitive cultural prejudices are changed. Students will realize l the diversity of the national culture of each country.
即使在国内学过很长时间的英语，或者去过英、美等说英语的国家，您还是可能会对澳大利亚的英语感到不适应。澳大利亚的英语既不同于美式英语，跟英格兰和爱尔兰使用的英语也不太一样。最初，语言的不适应可能会令您不安，但过上两三天，也就习惯了。 澳大利亚人说话时，嘴唇连动都不动，这种倾向越靠内陆越强。有一种说法是——为了防止苍蝇飞进去。且不论其真伪，我们让事实说话：“ei”的音，澳大利亚人读“ai”；而“ai”就变成“oi”了。虽然也是美国式的卷舌音，但是“R”的音就是发不出。拼写方式是英式的，尤其在美式、英式不同时，用英式的拼法。例如：美式的theater，在澳大利亚被拼为theatre；另外，澳大利亚人也用lift来代替elevator。此外，三个音节以上的单词也慢慢修正成省略式。 若要举例，无穷无尽，但不必为此担心。虽然没有能超过语言的交流，但可以手势和表情等肢体语言来配合交流，因为“语言只不过是交流的工具”。还有一个可以轻松的理由是，澳大利亚有许多国家的移民，比如有母语不是英语的意大利人、黎巴嫩人，他们的英语已经被接受了；所以中国人特有的腔调也会被理解的，不用担心。 对澳大利亚特有的英语感兴趣的人，可以买一本澳大利亚英语辞典The Macquarie Dictionary带回去。硬皮简明辞典的价格约在20澳元左右；平装版和硬皮的衣袋型小辞典的价格约在10澳元左右，各种都有，这是在澳大利亚之外的地方很难买到的。 美式英语与澳大利亚英语 (美式英语与澳大利亚英语的不同之处很多，在此将与游客关系密切的写出) 中文美语澳大利亚语 出租rent(rental) hire 行李baggage luggage 电梯elevator lift 分配座位seat assignment seat allocation 长途电话long distance call trunk call 占线line is busy line is engaged 打电话call (someone) ring (someone) 汽油gas(gasoline) petrol 超车passing overtaking 让行yield give way 寓所apartment flat 薯片french fry chips 加冰威士忌scotch on the rocks scotch (and) ice 经常使用的澳洲英语有： I am pleased to meet you. 很高兴遇见你。 A little bit 一点点。(比如：当被问及会用多少英语时，美国人说a little，澳大利亚人 则再加上bit。) Cheers 干杯！
澳大利亚英语是一种“非儿化”（non-rhoic）英语，被大部分本土出生的澳大利亚人所使用。从音系学上讲（Phonologically）,它是世界上地区差异最小的语言之一（编者注：澳大利亚英语不像英国英语，每个城市都有很大区别）。和许多英语方言一样，澳大利亚英语发音和其他方言的区别主要是元音的不同。本文讨论的是一般澳大利亚英语（general Australian English）。 （一）元音（Vowel） 澳大利亚英语的元音可以通过发音长短来区分。长元音（the long vowels），包括单元音（monophthongs）和双元音（diphthongs），大部分与RP英语（Received Pronunciation）中的紧元音（tense vowels）和中向双元音（centringdiphthongs）一致。短元音（theshort vowels），仅包括单元音，与RP英语中的松元音（lax vowels）一致。 在澳大利亚英语中，长短元音的重叠元音（overlapping vowel）现象使该种方言具有因素长度区别（phonemic length distinction），这种现象是其他英语方言所不具备的。 注解及举例（Notes and Examples） 1、/?/ 例子：kit，bid，hid（RP：/?/）。这个音与其他英语方言中的音比更紧一些（tenser），许多外国人听起来像/i/，因此有些单词例如pin和kin会听起来与peen和keen一样。有些单词例如happy和city，结尾是典型的/i/,会延长到 /i:/，所以听起来像happee和citee。这一特点在墨西哥英语中也有体现。（编者注：在澳大利亚语言界，有两种注音方法，一种是修订过的（revised ones），这种注音方法更代表真实的英语发音；另一种是MD法 （Mitchell-Delbridgesystem），更接近于RP的标音方法，也是麦考瑞字典等学术论文使用的标音方法。但本文使用的是第一种，即修订过的（revised ones）标音方法，使用IPA（InternationalPhonetic Alphabet）国际语音字母符号来表示和讲解，同时根据国内读者的教育背景，用括号标注英国RP音标，British ReceivedPronunciation，即学校教学用音标，帮助读者学习和理解。另外，下文中出现的/?/ 音，即不带点的i，为了方便，如无特别说明将全部用i代替。）2、/i:/ 例子：fleece，bead，heat(RP: /i:/)。 (编者注：长音符号“?”在国际音标中实际是两个相对的小三角形，而并不是我们常用的冒号“：”，但使用冒号“：”并不会引起任何误解,下文中的一些地方也将为了方便而使用“：”。) 3、/i?/ 例子：near，beard，hear(RP: /i?/)。在澳大利亚英语中，该音只有在开音节（open syllables）中才是双元音（diphthong）；在闭音节（closed syllables）中，该音变为/i:/音。 4、/?: / 例子：goose, boo, who’d（RP：/u:/）。在澳大利亚的一些地区，在/l/音前该音变为完全靠后的/?:/音（编者注：即舌头完全靠后）；而在新南威尔士州（New South Wales）和维多利亚州（Victoria），该音靠前为/?:/。许多RP的/??/音在澳大利亚英语中变为/?:?/音。 5、/?/ 例子：foot, hood(RP: /?/)
Sue Butler T he reason we like slang is that it represents the youthful period of language, sometimes slick and sometimes crude, but always aiming at that moment of focused linguistic inspiration. I don’t mean to imply that slang is solely the province of the young, although there is a juxtaposition of creative urges that means that we often associate slang with the up and coming generation. But the old and the young can be equally confronted by the need to say things that are new, or to recycle the old ideas in a new and vivid way. By comparison, standard and formal registers can be regarded as middle-aged respectability, the desire to shock replaced by the desire to conform, the linguistic equivalent of deciding that it is time to eat fi bre for breakfast every day and take out private health insurance. Slang is a response to a need to be innovative combined with the desire to live life dangerously, to fl aunt the power of the word, to demonstrate a particular kind of style. We worry about Australian English as a whole being swamped by American English, but when it comes to our slang that anxiety becomes acute. The old-style slang of Barry Humphries and Paul Hogan seems somewhat dated these days but what do we have to replace it? The language of Bart and Homer Simpson? It is easy to see why our slang is so derivative. Much of it happens fi rst in American English and fi lters through to us from that society. What happens, happens there fi rst. There’s really not much left for us to do. Except that there is still the experience of being an Australian, of being in this place, in this society, in this culture for which we have to fi nd the right words. It is an Australia heavily infl uenced by America, but not wholly overrun. We have to own the words we use. Even the hand-me-downs have to become integrated into discourse that is distinctively Australian. There is plenty of evidence in the fourth edition of The Macquarie Dictionary of our reliance on American slang. Take the following: alpha geek babelicious barf bag beer goggles bling-bling hoodie kickarse killer app from left fi eld mini-me perp phat pointy-head24/7 But there is still a lot of American slang that we don’t touch, because it doesn’t come our way or it seems irrelevant to our circumstances or it just doesn’t take our fancy. Australian English is still building on its heritage, with, for example, the following: beer o’clock the end of the working day budgie-smugglers men’s Speedos
澳大利亚英文介绍 Australia Australia is a island country .It is located in Oceania between the Indian Ocean and the South Ocean. The Australian Aborigines’arrival is the binging of Australia about 50 000 years ago. European countries did not know whether there was a continent , Australia ,before 1768.So they drew a hypothetical map, in which there was a Terra Australia .In 1768,James Cook traveled Cape Horn of South American .He continued his travel toward west .He got to New Zealand .Then he found Australia at west. When the earth and human society appeared was called the Dreamtime. During the Dreamtime, the Rainbow Serpent made laws: people can not eat his animal totem . Bushranging means thieving from law-abiding citizens while living in the Australia Outback. There are two different places we should attention .One is the Cape Horn in South American, the other is the Cape of Good Hope in Africa. Some people moved from Botany Bay to Jackson Port. They founded the city of Sydney, Jackson Port, Sydney Cove . In 1901,the colonies of Australia federated into a country . Australia Day is celebrated annually in January 26. There are some famous states and countries in Australia .Canberra is the capital of Australia. Sydney is the capital of New South Wales. Melbourne is the capital of Victoria .There are some states such as Queensland, Tasmania . There are two famous builds, Sydney Opera House and Sydney Harbor Bridge. There are many animals in Australia , kangaroo and thylacine called marsupial animal ,ostrich and emu . How did people catch flying animals? They used boomerang . They also like music performed by didgeridoo . There is a famous song about Australia named Waltzing Matilda: Once a jolly swagman camped by a billabong
1.The Location of Australia Australia is located in the south hemisphere, between equatorial South East Asia and the Antarctic.It's the largest island in the world and the smallest flattest and dried continent in the world . Being isolated from other major landmasses, Australia is a land of natural wonders . It's famous as a homeland of so many unique animals. Such as kangaroo, platypus, koala, and wombat.The Great Dividing Range , the Great Barrier Reef, Ayers Rock, the Twelves Apostles, the Gold Coast are all the wonderlands of Australia attracting many visitors around the world. 2.The history of British Colonization Historically, Australia was a stolen land, stolen by the British colonists from the hands of its original owners---the Australian aborigines. These aborigines have been living in Australia for at least 18500 generations . they belong to over 500 different groups and have diversified aboriginal culture traditions.But as they all believe in dreaming or dream time . They are also called the Peoples of Dreaming. In 1788, the British colonists arrived in Australia in the First Fleet and announced the land to be Terra Nullius. Meaning an unowned wasteland. This name legitimate British colonization of Australia. Since then, convicts or criminals were transported to Australia and a number of
100句澳大利亚英语 2007-03-20 06:57 100句最常用英语口语 1.i see．我明白了。 2. i quit! 我不干了! 3. let go! 放手! 4. me too．我也是。 5. my god! 天哪! 6. no way! 不行! 7. come on．来吧(赶快) 8. hold on．等一等。 9. i agree。我同意。 10. not bad．还不错。 11. not yet．还没。 12. see you．再见。 13. shut up! 闭嘴! 14. so long．再见。 15. why not? 好呀! (为什么不呢?) 16. allow me．让我来。 17. be quiet! 安静点! 18. cheer up! 振作起来! 19. good job! 做得好!
20. have fun! 玩得开心! 21. how much? 多少钱? 22. i’m full．我饱了。 23. i’m home．我回来了。 24. i’m lost．我迷路了。 25. my treat．我请客。 26. so do i．我也一样。 27. this way。这边请。 28. after you．您先。 29. bless you! 祝福你! 30. follow me．跟我来。 31. forget it! 休想! (算了!) 32. good luck! 祝好运! 33. i decline! 我拒绝! 34. i promise．我保证。 35. of course! 当然了! 36. slow down! 慢点! 37. take care! 保重! 38. they hurt． (伤口)疼。 39. try again．再试试。 40. watch out! 当心。 41. what’s up? 有什么事吗?