考点16 阅读理解细节题（核心考点精讲精练）
近3年真题考点分布
【思维导图】
【知识梳理】
命题规律：
细节理解题一般根据短文提供的信息和事实进行提问，命题人往往通过对文章细节加以改写来考查考生准确理解细节的能力。细节理解题在高考阅读理解中占有相当大的比例，几乎占据了阅读理解总题量的“半壁江山”。这类题考点可以源自段内的单句信息理解，也可以来自段落内综合信息的理解。考查内容涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、方式以及在议论文中可以涉及例证的细节和定义类的细节。
预计2024年阅读理解在应用文、说明文和记叙文中, 更是侧重对细节理解题的考查。
命题方式：
1.特殊疑问句形式。以when，where，，who，how much/many等疑问词开头引出问题。
2.填空题形式。通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节。
题型和考查角度：
1.高频考点：直接信息题；间接信息题。
2.中频考点：数字计算题；
3.低频考点：细节排序题；正误判断题。
选项特征：
➢考点一：直接信息题
题干定位直接破解直接信息题。细节的直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作解释或判断，只要求他们从阅读材料中直接获取信息。
题干定位法⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 认真阅读题干，根据关键词明确答题方向。运用略读及查读技巧迅速找到文中与问题
相关的信息。
仔细比较所给选项，与原文信息对应，锁定 正确选项。
【典例】(2023上海宝山二模)
Advances in digital health, however, also bring privacy concerns. Information regarding your health could be used for advertising or marketing, for example. If health records are accessible online, protecting your information from theft and unauthorized use might be difficult. But if managed properly, the benefits of digital health could certainly outweigh the risks.
39．According to this article, what is one concern about digital health?
A ．Worries about the side effects caused by modern drugs.
B ．Rising manufacturing costs in the health care industry.
C ．Government regulations limiting the use of digital devices.
D ．The danger that personal health data could be stolen.
【答案】 39．D
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了什么是数字健康以及它的优缺点。
39．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Advances in digital health, however, also bring privacy concerns. Information regarding your health could be used for advertising or marketing, for example. If health records are accessible online, protecting your information from theft and unauthorized use might be difficult. (然而，数字健康的进步也带来了隐私问题。例如，关于你健康的信息可以用于广告或营销。如果健康记录可以在线访问，保护您的信息不被窃取和未经授权的使用可能会很困难)”可知，根据本文关于数字健康的一个担忧是个人健康数据可能被窃取的危险。故选D 项。
【典例】(2023上海嘉定二模)
Qatar, a desert nation, had three main challenges: water, air and light. It got almost every condition going against it. The water used to irrigate (灌溉) the grass is low quality, mainly treated seawater. Because of the desert sun, Qatar’s stadiums were built for maximum shade—great for preventing heatstroke, but less ideal for photosynthesis (光合作用). Inside the nearly-closed stadiums, there’s very little air movement.
Qatar identified pitch (球场) quality as a particular issue and set up the Aspire Sport Turf Research and Development Centre to find the best types of grass for use in the harsh climate, testing 24 different varieties. Eventually, Atlas Turf’s grass was chosen as much for its appearance as its tolerance for the tough conditions Qatar faces.
27．Atlas Turf’s grass is chosen probably because _____________.
A ．it has very little air movement
B ．it becomes rough in windy weather
C ．it is shade-tolerant
D ．it appears to have a golden color
【答案】 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是卡塔尔花费大量精力打造的高科技草皮的一些事实。 27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Eventually, Atlas Turf’s grass was chosen as much for its appearance as its tolerance for the tough conditions Qatar faces.(最终，Atlas Turf 的草被选中，不仅是因为它的外观，还因为它对卡塔尔面临的艰苦条件的耐受力。)”和上段的“Because of the desert sun, Qatar’s stadiums were built for maximum shade—great for preventing heatstroke, but less ideal for photosynthesis (光合作用).(由于沙漠的阳光，卡塔尔的体育场都是为了最大程度的遮阳而建造的——这对防止中暑很有帮助，但对光合作用就不太理想了。)”可知，选择Atlas Turf 的草可能是因为它是耐阴的，故选C 。
➢ 考点二：间接信息题
同义互释破解间接信息题。间接辨认不仅要求读者能从阅读材料中直接获取信息，还要将获得的信息用同义或近义的语言形式复述出来。审读题干，提取关键信息→速读定位原文信息句，将试题信息与原文信息进行语义转换(同义或近义词语)→逐一核对选项，仔细辨别，得出答案。
同义互释法⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 阅读题干，有针对性地扫读原文，锁定相关词 句等信息。仔细比较选项和原文信息，选择正确或最佳 的答案。准确理解每个选项的意思，寻找与原文信息 相关的同义词、近义词或反义词。
【典例】(2023上海浦东) This is episode number three in the nearly twenty-year-old series, delivering a very attractive and interesting story and loads of comedy. There is some strong writing and voice acting, but the new episode chooses to go for a linear (线性的) narrative, with some puzzle included along the way, which is less involving than the theme of exploration and conversation which previous episode have depended on. Besides, the puzzle are not particularly engaging, and many of them have been seen before in other adventure games. The visuals are extremely impressive, of course, as we have come to expect, this time featuring venues in Catalonia. But overall, a slight disappointment.
13．The puzzle in episode number three______.
A ．are integrated in the narrative
B ．arc appealing to the audience
C ．deal with the theme of exploration
D ．are absent in other adventure games
【答案】 13．A
13．细节理解题。根据第三部分“There is some strong writing and voice acting, but the new episode chooses to go for a linear (线性的) narrative, with some puzzle included along the way, which is less involving than the theme of exploration and conversation which previous episode have depended on.(有一些强大的写作和配音，但新章节选择了线性叙事，沿途包含一些谜题，这比前一章节所依赖的探索和对话主题更少涉及)”可知，第三章中的谜题与叙事相结合。故选A。
【典例】(2023上海松江二模)
Slovakia is a wonderfully diverse country with rich cultural history and awe-inspiring natural sites. Slovak Paradise is a natural park that offers 19 nature reserves and over 350 caves. Due to its hot summers and cold winters, spring is a perfect time to explore all that Slovakia has to offer.
22．What can be learned about the countries mentioned in the passage?
A．They are packed with more crowds in spring than in other seasons.
B．Tourists can travel in ships when visiting Romania and Netherlands.
C．Travellers can catch sight of and feed wild animals in these countries.
D．Slovakia is an amazing place where tourists can enjoy natural beauty.
【答案】22．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五个适合春天去的旅游目的地。
22．细节理解题。根据第四段“Slovakia is a wonderfully diverse country with rich cultural history and awe-inspiring natural sites. Slovak Paradise is a natural park that offers 19 nature reserves and over 350 caves. Due to its hot summers and cold winters, spring is a perfect time to explore all that Slovakia has to offer.(斯洛伐克是一个非常多元化的国家，有着丰富的文化历史和令人惊叹的自然景观。斯洛伐克天堂是一个自然公园，有19个自然保护区和350多个洞穴。由于其炎热的夏天和寒冷的冬天，春天是一个完美的时间来探索斯洛伐克所提供的一切)”可知，斯洛伐克是一个令人惊叹的地方，游客可以在那里享受自然美景。故选D。
➢考点三：数字计算题
查读分析破解数字计算题。
宙读题干，提取关键信息→速读定位原文中包含该信息的相关段落一进行推算，得出答案。这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。此类试题在文章中直接表现出事实细节，但要经过具体的计算才能得出正确答案。具体可以是对年代、月份、费用等计算。此类题目宜采用“查读分析法”，即先阅读题干，然后对文中相关的数字、时间、年代等作出标记，按照一定的规律分门别类地列出相关数字，然后进行简单的计算。
【典例】(2022上海徐汇二模)
So far, the world has relied on wood, oil, coal, and natural gas to produce energy for heating, lighting, transportation, and manufacturing. Since the 1950s, world consumption has been increasing persistently. In the year 2000, 80 percent of commercial energy was generated from the combustion of fossil fuels, and every day, 50 million barrels of oil are reined (支配) and converted to gasoline and other fuels. In addition to the rapid exhaustion of fossil fuels, the consequences of high consumption rates are pollution and global warming.
64. How long has the world been in high speed of burning fossil fuel for energy?
A. For half a century.
B. For nearly sixty years.
C. For over 70 years.
D. For more than a century.
【答案】64. C
【解析】
细节理解题。根据该段“So far, the world has relied on wood, oil, coal, and natural gas to produce energy for heating, lighting, transportation, and manufacturing. Since the 1950s, world consumption has been increasing persistently. In the year 2000, 80 percent of commercial energy was generated from the combustion of fossil fuels, ... (到目前为止，世界依靠木材、石油、煤炭和天然气来生产用于取暖、照明、运输和制造业的能源。20世纪50年代以来，世界消费持续增长。2000年，80%的商业能源来自化石燃料的燃烧，…)”可知，fossil fuels((煤、石油、天燃气等矿物燃料)自20世纪50年代以来被高速消耗，至今应有70多年了。故选C项。
【典例】(2023全国乙卷C篇)
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
10. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now?
A. 20%.
B. 24%.
C. 25%.
D. 33%.
【答案】10. D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.”（几乎三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多，将近四分之一的人表示他们现在购买的配料质量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D项。
➢考点四：排列顺序题
首尾排除破解细节排序题。
审读题干和四个选项的内容→利用首属，排除掉部分选项，缩小范围→如排序内容较多，再查看剩余选项的
异同处，进一步缩小范用;如排序内容较少，一般即可快速得出答案。做此类试题时可采用“首尾排除法”，即先找出第一件事情和最后一件事情，使用排除法迅速缩小范围，从而快速选出正确选项；也可使用“代入淘汰法”按顺序逐一排除，得出正确选项。
【典例】(2023·上海金山·统考二模）
On the track for the 400-meter dash at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, Mikha Singh shot from the start as fast as possible, but then, in a second, sensed Malcolm Spence of South Africa over his shoulder. At the line, with six inches between them, Singh won the gold. The audience broke into applause. To them, however, he was just a village boy who ran with his arms gracefully waving. They did not know that, for him, running was not a sport. It was everything, his religion, his beloved, and his life.
As a child, Singh ran to get an education outside his home village. The school was ten kilometers away. But at the age of 18, Singh ran to save his very life. In 1947, the village was being split between India and Pakistan. Crowds of Muslim outsiders suddenly arrived in his village, ordering his family to convert to Islam or die. His father, dying, shouted, “Run, Milkha, run!” He raced for the forest, crying.
There followed a time when Singh hopped trains as a refugee, shoeless and starving. Eventually the army took him on. There he discovered running of a new kind, with coaching, races over set lengths, and prizes. The first race he won rewarded him with a daily glass of milk.
As a result, Singh began the hard, necessary work, six hours a day. He pushed his body to the limit out of pride—and for India. His iron discipline finally paid off. In 1960, he was invited to compete against Pakistan’s champion runner. At first, Singh refused to go since his childhood home was there and now he was still covered in his mind with the blood of his family. However, the moment Singh crossed the border, to his surprise, he was welcomed with flags and flowers. When he won his race, the then Pakistani prime minister said, “Pakistan bestows on (授予) you the title of The Flying Sikh.” Despite everything that had happened, Singh had two countries.
21．Put the following things in the time order of their appearance in Singh’s life.
① milk as a prize ① gold medal ① school education ① the title of The Flying Sikh
A．①①①①B．①①①①C．①①①①D．①①①①
【答案】21．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Mikha Singh为了他的一切——他的宗教，他的爱人以及他的生命一直在奔跑。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As a child, Singh ran to get an education outside his home village. The school was ten kilometers away. But at the age of 18, Singh ran to save his very life. In 1947, the village was being split between India and Pakistan.(小时候，辛格跑到家乡以外的地方接受教育。学校在十公里外。但在18岁时，辛格为了挽救自己的生命而奔跑。1947年，该村被印度和巴基斯坦分割)”可知，接受学校教育是他在小时候的事情，代号是①；根据第三段中的“There followed a time when Singh hopped trains as a refugee, shoeless and starving.(随后有一段时间，辛格作为难民跳火车，没有鞋子，挨饿)”和“The first race he won rewarded him with a daily glass of milk.(他赢得的第一场比赛奖励他每天喝一杯牛奶。)”可知，他得到牛奶作为奖励是在他是难
民的时候，代号是①；根据第一段中的“On the track for the 400-meter dash at
the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, Mikha Singh shot from the start as fast as possible, but then, in a second, sensed Malcolm Spence of South Africa over his shoulder.(在1958年大英帝国和英联邦运动会(British Empire and Commonwealth Games)的400米短跑跑道上，米哈·辛格一开始就以最快的速度起跑，但很快，他就感觉到身后的南非选手马尔科姆·斯彭斯)”可知，他获得金牌是在1958年的大英帝国和英联邦运动会上获得的，代号是①；根据最后一段中的“In 1960, he was invited to compete against Pakistan’s champion runner.(1960年，他受邀与巴基斯坦冠军选手竞争)”以及“When he won his race, the then Pakistani prime minister said, “Pakistan bestows on (授予) you the title of The Flying Sikh. ” (当他赢得比赛时，当时的巴基斯坦总理说：“巴基斯坦授予你‘飞翔的锡克教’称号。”)”可知，他被授予The Flying
Sikh头衔是在1960年，代号是①；由此可知，在Singh人生中所发生的事情顺序是①①①①。故选C项。
【典例】(2023·上海杨浦·统考一模）
A rare 765-year-old gold coin found on farm land in Devon in south-west England is expected to sell for up to half a million pounds at auction. It is believed that the coin was made more than 750 years ago, during the rule of the English King Henry III. It is one of only eight known to exist.
Featuring a picture of King Henry III on one side and a cross and roses on the other, the coin is around 2.5 centimetres across. It was made with gold that came from north Africa. It was found in September last year by a detectorist (someone who looks for items buried underground using a metal detector) in Hemyock village. The detectorist had no idea how rare the coin was until he posted a photo of it on social media, where it was spotted by a history expert.
The coin is especially valuable because it was one of England’s first gold coins. The country’s coins were made of silver until King Henry III, who ruled from 1216 until his death in 1272, introduced gold ones with his picture on them.
56. The correct order of the events that happened is .
①The value of the coin was confirmed.
①A coin was unearthed in the field.
①The coin was on display at the British Museum.
①The coin was intended for sale.
①The coin caught the attention of a history expert.
A. ①①①①
B. ①①①①
C. ①①①①①
D. ①①①①①
【答案】56. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在英格兰西南部德文郡的农田里发现的一枚有765年历史的罕见金币，预计将在拍卖会上以50万英镑的价格售出。该金币是英国最早的金币之一，极具价值。因为这个金币不是偷来的或者违法的东西，发现者可以拥有他。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A rare 765-year-old gold coin found on farm land in Devon in south-west England is expected to sell for up to half a million pounds at auction. (在英格兰西南部德文郡的农田里发现的一枚有765年历史的罕见金币，预计将在拍卖会上以50万英镑的价格售出。)”；第二段中“The detectorist had no idea how rare the coin was until he posted a photo of it on social media, where it was spotted by a history expert.(这位侦探不知道这枚硬币有多罕见，直到他在社交媒体上发布了一张它的照片，被一位历史专家发现。)”以及倒数第二段中“The coin is especially valuable because it was one of England’s first gold coins. (这枚硬币特别珍贵，因为它是英国最早的金币之一。)”可知，正确顺序为该金币被发现，侦探将该硬币的图片放到网上，受到历史学家的关注，历史学家确认了该枚硬币的价值，它是英国最早的金币之一，该没金币当前将在拍卖会上以50万英镑的价格售出。。故选B。
考向一直接信息题
1.（2023年江苏省苏北七市二模阅读理解A篇）
Value for money?
Yes. It’s not cheap but it’s a special experience that easily fills a day. Plus, it’s a valuable cause worth supporting. Adults ￡14, children 5-17 and students ￡6.50, under-4s free, family ￡38 (two adults and two children) or ￡25 (one adult and three children).
How much would a couple with their 5-year-old twin sons pay for admission?
A．￡25.B．￡34.5.C．￡38.D．￡41.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据Value for money?部分中“family ￡38 (two adults and two children) or ￡25 (one adult and three children). (家庭38英镑(两名成人和两名儿童)或25英镑(一名成人和三名儿童))”可知，一对夫妇和他们两个5岁的双胞胎儿子的门票是38英镑。故选C项。
【名师点睛】本题与2023年新高考I卷从题号，到考查类型均高度相似，可谓压中真题。
2.（2023年湖北省华北师大附中二模阅读理解C篇）
Nichola Clark, an ocean expert at the Pew Charitable Trusts called the long-awaited treaty text “a once-in-a-generation opportunity to protect the oceans-a major win for biodiversity”. The treaty will create a new body to manage the conservation of ocean life and establish marine-protected are-as on the high seas. Clark said that’s critical to achieving the UN Biodiversity Conference’s recent promise to protect 30 percent of the planet’s waters, for conservation. The treaty also establishes ground rules for conducting environmental impact assessments for commercial activities in the oceans.
What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A．Commercial ocean activities will be monitored.
B．Preservation of 30% of the planet will be ensured.
C．Protected areas on the high seas will be expanded.
D．An existing department will manage the conservation.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据段中的“The treaty also establishes ground rules for conducting environmental impact assessments for commercial activities in the oceans.(该条约还确立了对海洋商业活动进行环境影响评估的基本规则。)”可知，该条约还制定了商业海洋活动对海洋造成影响的评估规则，由此可以推断，该条约也会对商业海洋活动进行监管。故选A项。
考向二间接信息题
（2023年上海高三专练）
In many countries of the world, people can confidently tell you the meaning of their town or city, but most people who live in Manchester, Oxford or Birmingham would not be able to explain what the name of their city means.
The name of every British town and city, however, has a long history. Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts........This is why there are so many place names in England which end in “-chester” or “-caster” –Manchester, for example. ..........The Romans never reached Wales or Scotland, and many place names there are Celtic.........
After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by tribes called the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is now Germany and Holland............Twelve hundred years ago, the Vikings came to England from Scandinavia. They traded with the Anglo-Saxons but lived in their own villages. ........Finally, in 1066, England became Norman — the Normans gave us the place name “grange”, which means farm.........
Which of the following shows the correct order of the arrival of inhabitants in Britain?
A．The Celts –The Romans – The Vikings –The Normans –The Anglo Saxons
B．The Romans –The Celts –The Vikings –The Anglo Saxons–The Normans
C．The Celts –The Romans –The Anglo Saxons–The Vikings –The Normans
D．The Romans –The Anglo Saxons–The Celts –The Normans –The Vikings
【答案】C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的历史。
【详解】细节理解题。通读全文，根据“Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts(两千年前，生活在英国的大多数人都是凯尔特人)”；“The Romans never reached Wales or Scotland, and many place names there are Celtic.(罗马人从未到达威尔士或苏格兰，那里的许多地名都是凯尔特人)”；“After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by tribes called the Anglo-Saxons who were from the area of Europe that is
now Germany and Holland.( 罗马人离开英国后，英国遭到了来自欧洲（即现在的德国和荷兰）的盎格鲁撒克逊人部落的袭击)”；“Twelve hundred years ago, the Vikings came to England from Scandinavia.( 1200年前，维京人从斯堪的纳维亚半岛来到英国)”以及“Finally, in 1066, England became Norman — the Normans gave us the place name “grange”, which means farm.(最后，1066年，英格兰成为诺曼人——诺曼人给我们起了地名“grange”，意思是农场)”可知，英国原居民的居住先后次序为The Celts –The Romans –The Anglo Saxons–The Vikings –The Normans。故选C。
考向三数字计算题
（2023年新高考II卷）
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 &July 10)
Enhance your photography skills — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
1. Which of the four programs begins the earliest?
A. Photography Workshops.
B. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C. Canyon Talks at Artist Point.
D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
【答案】1. D
【解析】细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2) (在黄石体验野生动物（5月26日至9月2日）)”和“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21) (少年游骑兵野生动物奥林匹克运动会（6月5日至8月21日）)”与“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) (在Artist Point的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)”以及“Photography Workshops (June 19 &
July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早。故选D。
考向四排列顺序题
(2023新高考全国卷I)
A schoolgirl saved her father's life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction which stopped his heart.
Izzy, nine, restarted father Colm's heart by stamping (踩) on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.
Izzy's mother, Debbie, immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father, so decided to use CPR.
However, she quickly discovered her arms weren't strong enough, so she stamped on her father's chest instead.
Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions (按压) until the ambulance arrived.
Izzy, who has been given a bravery award by her school, said, “I just kicked him really hard. My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn't strong enough to use hands. I was quite scared. The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse. My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”
“She's a little star，” said Debbie, “I was really upset but Izzy just took over. I just can't believe what she did. I really think all children should be taught first aid. Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up. Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we've got to see an expert.”
Truck driver Colm, 35, suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital, but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day. The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled, preventing him from breathing, his blood pressure dropped suddenly, and his heart stopped for a moment.
He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.
What's the right order of the events?
①Izzy kicked Colm. ①Debbie called 999.
①Izzy learned CPR. ①Colm's heart stopped.
A．①①①① B．①①①①
C．①①①① D．①①①①
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。通过速读原文可知，第一件事是Colm's heart stopped，而最后一件事是Izzy kicked Colm，故选B。
(2020上海春考)
Top Apps For Climate Activists
The world population is at 7 billion and it’s predicted that by the end of this year there will be one smartphone for every five people in the world. That’s a lot of phones and a lot of information literally at our fingertips.
Information is constantly changing and those of us working hard to protect the environment for ourselves and future generations need to have access to up-to-date material. Being a climate change activist can be time consuming. But…There’s an app (or ten) for that! The number of apps out there is staggering.
With these apps you’ll be amazed at how easy it is to stay in the know when it comes to your health, and the health of the environment.
60. According to this text, the author recommends APPs because___________.
A. those APPs could help people gain the up-to-date material
B. those APPs could forecast the changing climate accurately
C. those APPs could help people who have a fast-paced lifestyle
D. those APPs are free for those people who have a designated phone
61. If you want to find in season foods, which Apps should you download?
A. Zimride
B. Fooducate
C. Locavore
D. Findfood
62. Which of the following is true about the APPs mentioned in this passage?
A. Carbon Emissions Calculator for Air Travel could calculate the accurate carbon emissions of passengers.
B. Locavore can not only tell us which fruits and meat are in season, it also tell us how long they’ll be in season.
C. Zimride will charge for rides and then take a cut and the rest is belong to drivers.
D. Fooducate will recommend minimally processed foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.【答案】60—62 ACD
60.解析:答案选A。根据文中“Information is constantly changing and those of us working hard to protect the environment for ourselves and future generations need to have access to up-to-date material.”信息是不断变化的，那些为了保护我们的环境和后代的人们需要有渠道去接触最近的资料。所以A 正确。
6l.解析: 答案选C，根据文中关于Locavore 的介绍中提到“Locavore is a great app for those searching for local, in season, organic foods in your area. "Locavore 是个在你所在的地区寻找那些当地的当季的有机食物方面很出色的应用软件。故选C。
62.解析:答案选D。根据文中介绍第二个应用程序的段落可知“The app will recommend minimally processed, real foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants.”该应用程序将推荐加工最少的，富含天然营养和抗氧化剂的真正的食物。故D正确。A选项中Carbon Emissions Calculator for Air Travel 这个APP不能计算出准确的碳排放。B 选项中Locavore 介绍中没有提到它推荐时令肉类C 选项中Zimride 不收取平台费用，司机可以直接向客户收费。故排除A、B、C选项。
(2022上海秋考)
Summer Camp Rules
Whether it s your child's first year at camp , or they are a seasoned camper and need a little refresher , it’s a good
idea to go over summer camp rules and guidelines before leaving for camp. Camp rules are in place lo keep the camp community safe and camp operations running smoothly throughout their stay.
1.Keep Y our Personal Space Clean
Since your child will be in close quarters with many other campers , it’s important that they understand the necessity of keeping their sleeping and living areas organized.
Go over ways for your child to stay organized and tidy before they leave for camp. When packing, make sure to provide a laundry bag to keep clean and dirty clothing separate. Utilize under bed space or put clothes on your shelves or cabinets rather than living out of your suitcase or camp trunk.
It also helps to not over pack. Follow packing list guidelines closely so your child can find what they need without having to dig through piles of clothing that were not recommended. This also helps you child know what they have in their luggage so they pull out the sweatshirt when it gets cold. instead of thinking there wasn't one in their bag. Remind your child of their camp account so they can purchase items from the camp store if necessary.
2. Valuables at Camp
As a best practice, we recommend leaving all valuables at home, Even if your child has a bracelet or necklace that they never take off, there is still the chance that it could be lost while swimming or participating in camp activities If you are thinking about bringing an expensive item of clothing, be prepared for it to gel lost or damaged. You may be better off buying a new, less expensive version. To be on the safe side, don't let your child bring anything irreplaceable or emotionally valuable to camp.
3. Play Nice
Name calling,fighting, bullying, and arguing are strictly prohibited at summer camp Camp is a place to make friends, so aggressive behavior is not tolerated. Remind your child that they don't have to be everybody's best friend, but they do have to be friendly to everyone.
Encourage your child to go into camp with the mindset of making a few new friends, and chances are they will leave camp having made more than a few.
4. Have Fun and Try New Things
At the end of the day, summer camp is about getting out of your comfort zone, trying new things, and having a blast. Before your child leaves for camp, congratulate them for being brave enough to try sleep away amp in the first place. Let them know that they've already won just by trying, and the fun part is just about to begin. Remind them again that summer camp rules exist only to improve the overall camp experience and to create a community of fun.
60.What is the purpose of clarifying the rules of summer camp?
A.Enrich children's summer camp operation
B.Ensure the safety of children participating in summer camp
C.Cultivate children's ability to survive in the wild
D.Help children develop good cleaning habits
61.Which of the following behaviors is advocated by the summer camp?
A. Take your favorite valuables
B Fight with camping friends
C. Avoid participating in hazardous activities
D. Keep personal camping supplies in order
62. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Enjoy the unique fun brought by new things
B. Make good friends wherever you are
C. Follow the rules of summer camp
D. Get enough sleep before camping
【答案】60-62 BDC
60.B[解析]根据文章第一段最后一句提及的Camp rules are in place to keep the camp community safe and camp operations running smoothly throughout their stay 可知，明确夏令营规则主要是为了确保营地社区的安全，并保证营地在整个逗留期可平稳远行，换言之就是为了确保参与露营孩子的个人安全，B 项表述正确，故达B。
61.D[解析]根据文章第五段第一句提及的As a best practice, we recommend leaving all valuables at home 可知，夏营并不希望人们随身携带贵重物品，而应汽指贵业物品留在家中，A项不是夏今营提倡的行为;根据文章第七段提及的Name calling, lighting, bullying, and arguing are strictly prohibited at summer camp可知，夏令营严禁辱骂、打架、欺凌和争吵等行为，B 项的行为是被夏令营所禁的:项文未明确挑及，根据文靠第二段提及的it's important that they understand the necessity of keeping their sleeping and living areas organized 和下天内容可知，保持个人路营用品的整洁有序是夏令营所提倡的行为，D 项表述正确，选D。
62.C[解折]根期整篇文章内容分析，本文主要讲述和介绍了在参加夏令营时需要追守的机关规则，由此可知C项的“进守夏令营的规则”这一表述正确，其余选现难以概括全文且部分装述有误，故选C。
2020年高考英语一轮复习 ------题型专项之阅读理解一、画图重点 2010 2019 阅读理解在试卷中占的比例较大。该部分要求考生读懂选自英语原版书籍、报纸和杂志(含网络版)的关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。文体包括记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文等。 本题型要求考生根据所提供的4篇短文内容(不少于900词)，从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。该题型命题角度灵活，但归纳起来主要考查细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测和主旨大意四个方面。 二、必备知识 高考英语阅读理解属于语言运用方面的内容，侧重考查考生对语篇的整体理解能力和基本的阅读技能，同时还考查考生的快速阅读能力、跨文化交际意识和阅读策略等。在阅读理解试题中，具体考查考生理解主旨和要义、理解文中具体信息、做出简单判断和推理、根据上下文推断生词的词义以及理解作者的意图、观点和态度的五种基本能力。
1.理解主旨和要义 理解主旨和要义考查考生的深层理解能力，需要考生立足整体，宏观把握全文的意思，理解文章的中心思想，高度概括文章的主旨和要义。 在试题中，我们将考查这种阅读能力的题型称为“主旨大意题”。根据统计和测试结果可知，该题型考查频率较高，但所占比例不大，属于难度较大的题型。 2.理解文中具体信息 理解文中具体信息侧重考查考生的表层理解能力，需要考生耐心、细致地阅读文章，捕捉关键词、句乃至段落中的特定信息。理解这些表面信息，往往就能正确答题。有时，需要考生对某些词、句或段落中的信息稍加推理才能答题。 在试题中，我们将考查这种阅读能力的题型称为“细节理解题”。根据统计和测试结果可知，该题型考查频率很高，所占比例较大，往往占阅读试题总量的三分之二以上，大部分题目属于中低难度。 3.做出简单判断和推理 做出简单判断和推理考查考生的深层理解能力，重点考查考生透过词语的字面意义理解作者言外之意的能力。需要考生在理解原文表面信息的基础上，根据文章所提供的事实和线索，进行合理的逻辑推理，并做出一定的判断和推论。 在试题中，我们将考查这种阅读能力的题型称为“推理判断题”。根据统计和测试结果可知，该题型考查频率很高，往往占阅读试题总量的四分之一以上，大部分题目难度稍大，在文中往往不能直接找到答案。 4.根据上下文推断生词的词义 根据上下文推断生词的词义考查考生的深层理解能力，需要考生充分理解上下文意思，找准与画线生词相关的信息。如果考查词语的指代能力，需要从画线单词(往往是代词或名词)前的信息中寻找线索。 在试题中，我们将考查这种阅读能力的题型称为“猜测词义题”。根据统计和测试结果可知，该题型考查频率较高，但所占比例不大，一套题中往往有1~2道试题，属于难度较大的题型。 5.理解作者的意图、观点和态度 理解作者的意图、观点和态度考查考生的深层理解能力，需要考生在充分理解文章意思的前提下，弄清作者撰写本文的意图或目的、想要表达或表明的观点以及对事情的看法或对某事所持的态度。
上海市高考英语阅读理解试题(含答案) 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Babies born in summer are more likely to become short-sighted in late life, a study has shown. As many as a quarter of all cases of short-sightedness are caused by too great an exposure to sunlight in the first weeks of life, say eye experts. They are advising all parents to put sunglasses on their babies during the first weeks. Scientists had already established that over-exposure to sunlight caused shortsightedness in animals. Researchers who compared the months in which babies were born with whether they needed glasses later on say the principle also applies to humans. A study of almost 300, 000 young adults-the largest of its kind-showed that those born in June and July had a 25 per cent greater chance of becoming severely short-sighted than those born in December or January. Research leader Professor Michael Belkin, of Tel Aviv University, said it was because prolonged illumination(光照) causes the eyeball to lengthen-causing short-sightedness. Hence the more light a newborn is exposed to, the more the eyeball lengthens and the worse the short-sightedness will be. The mechanism which lengthens the eyeball is associated with levels of melatonin(褪黑激素), a pigment (色素) which protects the skin against harmful rays of the sun. In young babies not enough melatonin is released as protection, meaning they are more vulnerable to sunburn and changes to eyeball shape. Sight expert Professor Daniel O'Leary, of Anglia Ruskin University in Cambridge, said "At the moment we don't know the precise cause of why light exposure affects sight, but the evidence seems to prove that it is one of the reasons for people becoming shortsighted." （1）Babies born in summer are more likely to be shortsighted ____________. A. because the summer sun is too strong for babies B. because babies born in summer have lengthened eyeballs C. if they are exposed too much sunlight in the first weeks after they are born D if parents don't know a proper way to protect their babies' eyes （2）Melatonin is a kind of material to ___________. A. prevent the eyes from becoming near-sighted B. protect the skin from harmful sun rays C. make our body strong D. protect babies' eyes from summer sun （3）From what Professor Daniel O'Leary says we can conclude that ___________. A. there is no evidence that shortsightedness is related to exposure to sunlight B. whether light exposure affects sight still needs to be further proved C. he believes that light exposure can cause shortsightedness D. he tries to give the cause of why light exposure affects sight （4）The underlined word "vulnerable" in the passage probably means __________. A. easy to be harmed B. resistant C. protective D. changeable
考点16 阅读理解细节题（核心考点精讲精练） 近3年真题考点分布 【思维导图】
【知识梳理】 命题规律： 细节理解题一般根据短文提供的信息和事实进行提问，命题人往往通过对文章细节加以改写来考查考生准确理解细节的能力。细节理解题在高考阅读理解中占有相当大的比例，几乎占据了阅读理解总题量的“半壁江山”。这类题考点可以源自段内的单句信息理解，也可以来自段落内综合信息的理解。考查内容涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、方式以及在议论文中可以涉及例证的细节和定义类的细节。 预计2024年阅读理解在应用文、说明文和记叙文中, 更是侧重对细节理解题的考查。 命题方式： 1.特殊疑问句形式。以when，where，，who，how much/many等疑问词开头引出问题。 2.填空题形式。通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节。 题型和考查角度： 1.高频考点：直接信息题；间接信息题。 2.中频考点：数字计算题； 3.低频考点：细节排序题；正误判断题。 选项特征： ➢考点一：直接信息题 题干定位直接破解直接信息题。细节的直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作解释或判断，只要求他们从阅读材料中直接获取信息。
题干定位法⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 认真阅读题干，根据关键词明确答题方向。运用略读及查读技巧迅速找到文中与问题 相关的信息。 仔细比较所给选项，与原文信息对应，锁定 正确选项。 【典例】(2023上海宝山二模) Advances in digital health, however, also bring privacy concerns. Information regarding your health could be used for advertising or marketing, for example. If health records are accessible online, protecting your information from theft and unauthorized use might be difficult. But if managed properly, the benefits of digital health could certainly outweigh the risks. 39．According to this article, what is one concern about digital health? A ．Worries about the side effects caused by modern drugs. B ．Rising manufacturing costs in the health care industry. C ．Government regulations limiting the use of digital devices. D ．The danger that personal health data could be stolen. 【答案】 39．D 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了什么是数字健康以及它的优缺点。 39．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Advances in digital health, however, also bring privacy concerns. Information regarding your health could be used for advertising or marketing, for example. If health records are accessible online, protecting your information from theft and unauthorized use might be difficult. (然而，数字健康的进步也带来了隐私问题。例如，关于你健康的信息可以用于广告或营销。如果健康记录可以在线访问，保护您的信息不被窃取和未经授权的使用可能会很困难)”可知，根据本文关于数字健康的一个担忧是个人健康数据可能被窃取的危险。故选D 项。 【典例】(2023上海嘉定二模) Qatar, a desert nation, had three main challenges: water, air and light. It got almost every condition going against it. The water used to irrigate (灌溉) the grass is low quality, mainly treated seawater. Because of the desert sun, Qatar’s stadiums were built for maximum shade—great for preventing heatstroke, but less ideal for photosynthesis (光合作用). Inside the nearly-closed stadiums, there’s very little air movement. Qatar identified pitch (球场) quality as a particular issue and set up the Aspire Sport Turf Research and Development Centre to find the best types of grass for use in the harsh climate, testing 24 different varieties. Eventually, Atlas Turf’s grass was chosen as much for its appearance as its tolerance for the tough conditions Qatar faces.
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2020年暑假新高三英语增分专项突破+题型特训01 语篇理解类:阅读理解之细节理解题 考试大纲 要求考纲解读 要求考生阅读4篇短 文，从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。题材广泛,包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容。体裁多样，以记叙文、议论文、说明文为主.考查主旨大意、 细节理解、推理 判断、词义猜测、 篇章结构等题 型. 主旨大意题包括精确归纳标题、概 括文章大意和总结段落大意，主要 考查考生能否分辨主题和细节，是 否具备提纲挈领的能力，也就是能 否在理解全文的基础上运用概括、 判断、归纳、推理等逻辑方法对文 章进行高度概括和总结，做这类题 目时要高瞻远瞩，不可以以偏概 全。 【构建知识体系】 细节理解题考点1 事实细节题 考点2 细节转换与是非判断题考点3 数字计算题 考点4 细节排序题 规律方法1：如何解决事实细节题？
做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法。一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案。此类题通常用一些疑问词来提问，或是判断正误.规律方法2：如何解决细节转换题? 细节理解题也叫间接理解题，包括语意转换题、图文转换题和是非判断题. 1。语意转换题,需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者存在表述上的差异。解答这类题目时可带着问题，有针对性地扫读全文，迅速锁定相关语句，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。 2。图文转换题，在阅读理解题中，有的图表、图画出现在阅读理解题的正文中。在解答这类题时，可采用＂文字锁定法＂,找出描述图形中的句段，采用按图寻找答案的方法，按图索骥,图文互相参照、互相验证，便可确定正确答案。 规律方法3：如何解决数字计算题？ 先理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。 1. 仔细阅读文字说明部分,准确把握图表信息。 2。仔细分析题干,抓牢关键词。 3。运用数学公式计算，注意巧算。 规律方法4:如何解决细节排序题？ 做此类题目可采用＂首尾定位法＂，即先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，这样可以迅速缩小选择范围，从而迅速找到答案。阅读理解的文章如果是记叙文，排序题通常以事件发生的时间为线索；如果是说明文，排序题通常以说明的先后顺序为线索;如果是议论文,排序题通常以逻辑顺序为线索。从近几年高考试题来看,这类试题主要出现在记叙文和说明文中。
考点十六科普研究类 A 限时7分 A small piece of fish each day may keep the heart doctor away. That's the finding of a study of Dutch men in which deaths from heart disease were more than 50 percent lower among those who consumed W1 at least an ounce o f saltwater fish per day compared to P1 those who never ate fish. The Dutch research is one of three human studies that give strong scientific support to the long held belief that eating fish can provide W2 health benefits, particularly to the heart. Heart disease is the numberone killer in the United States, with more than 550,000 deaths occurring from heart attacks each year.S But previous W3 research has shown that the level of heart disease is lower in cultures that consume more fish than Americans do. There are fewer heart disease deaths, for example, among the Eskimos of Greenland, who consume about 14 ounces of fish a day, and among the Japanese, whose daily fish consumption averages more than 3 ounces. For 20 years, the Dutch study followed 852 middleaged men, 20 percent of whom ate no fish. At the start of the study , average fish consumption was about twothirds of an ounce each day, with more men eating lean fish than fatty fish. During the next two decades, 78 of the men died from heart disease. The fewest deaths were among the group who regularly ate fish, even at levels far lower than those of the Japanese or Eskimos. This_relationship was true regardless of P2 other factors such as age, high blood pressure, or blood cholesterol (胆固醇) levels. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，经常吃鱼对人的健康有好处，特别是在预防心脏疾病方面。 1．In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Ads. B．Movies. C．Briefs. D．Health and Diet. 答案 D 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了吃鱼对身体影响的一个研究报告，应该出现在报纸的饮食与健康版面。故选D。 2．The passage is mainly about ________. A．the high incidence of heart disease in some countries B．the changes in people's diet
福建三明市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解基础练习 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 Today, ultrasonic(超声的) waves are being put to work in laboratories and factories. If an ultrasound generator is placed in a liquid, the waves move the liquid back and forth hundreds of thousands of times each second. This causes materials to mix quickly or to dissolve(使分解，使溶解) in liquids. Paint manufacturers(制造商) use ultrasound to do a better job of blending colors. The companies that make film for your camera find that mixing chemicals by the use of sound waves will produce a more sensitive film. The new lightweight(轻量的) type of washing machine uses ultrasonic waves to get clothes clean. Its special ultrasound generator is put into a pail of soapy water containing the soiled clothes. The sound waves drive the soapy water back and forth through the cloth so fast that everything is soon clean. There is also a new kind of dishwasher that works in much the same way. Ultrasonic waves can shake a liquid so fast that tiny holes form all through it. The liquid is actually torn apart by this action. Almost as soon as these holes are made, they fall together again. The result is a powerful pounding action. In the dairy industry this is used for the double purpose of making homogenized(使均匀，使匀质) milk and sterilizing(使无菌) it at the same time. If you look at some raw milk with a microscope, you find that it is made up of little drops of butter fat floating around in a watery liquid. In order to make milk easier to digest, these fat droplets(微粒) may be broken up by forcing the milk through very small openings. The result is called homogenized milk. When the ultrasonic method is used, the sound waves not only break up the droplets but also kill the germs in the milk by pounding them to pieces. 1. Why does a paint manufacturer use ultrasound to do a better job of blending colors? A. Because it is cheap to use ultrasound to blend colors. B. Because the waves move the liquid so quickly that it can make materials mix quickly or dissolve in liquids.
专题04 阅读理解II 细节理解 考点1 事实细节--讲•练•测---练案 时间：30分钟满分：30 1.【安徽省芜湖市2021届高三教学质量监控】 The Snowy Day With over 485 thousand checkouts, Ezra Jack Keats’ 1962 picture book The Snowy Day is the most borrowed book in the New York Public Library. The beautifully illustrated book tells the story of a young African-American child named Peter who lives in a city and experiences it with after his neighborhood’s first snowfall. Keats won the Caldecott Medal in 1963. To Kill a Mockingbird Harper Lee’s 1960 novel To Kill a Mockingbird is one of those rare books that are both beloved and compulsory, ending up on many high school reading lists. It’s the fifth most-borrowed book with over 422 thousand checkouts. The Pulitzer Prize-winning book is loosely based on Lee’s own life in Alabama in the 1930s. Charlotte’s Web K. B．White’s Charlotte’s Web was published in 1952. Though it does have illustrations,it is a novel with different chapters. The plot centers on u pig named Wilbur who befriends a spider named Chariots and their gang of barnyard colleagues. With more than 337 thousand checkouts, it is the sixth most borrowed book in NYPL history. Fahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury’s 1953 book Fahrenheit 451 is an example of dystopian fiction and features a future version of American society in the year 1999. Though some claim that the novel has not aged well, it has been checked out more than 316 thousand times, making it the seventh most-borrowed book in NYPL history, potentially thanks to it being required reading for many students. 1．Which book is relevant to the authors experience? A．The Snowy Day,B．To Kill a Mockingbird. C．Charlotte's Web.D．Fahrenheit 451. 2．What's the possible reason for Fahrenheit 451 being borrowed repeatedly? A．It is enjoyed by the students.B．It won Pulitzer Prize. C．It pictures a future version.D．It is required reading. 3．What do the four books have in common?
考点1--细节理解之直接信息--讲考点--胸有成竹 【2022年直接信息考点归纳】 【2023年高考命题预测】 细节理解之直接信息考点是高考中的必考点。直接信息考点主要在广告信息类文章中考，锁定题干直接找到答案，选项和文章内容一致。预测在2023高考中，直接信息题会在广告信息文章中和记叙文、说明文中的部分试题中呈现。 【细节理解之直接信息考点指南】 命题意图：我们在看文章、读报纸时，我们最重要的目的就是获取直接信息，也就是说，看了文章之后我们知道了什么，我们找到了我们需要的信息。通过阅读广告信息我们能做我们要做的事，这就是学以致用，在用中学的重要思想。因此，细节理解题一直是高考命题的重点，它要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。有些答案考生可以直接从文中找到明确的线索，但有些则需要考生在理解的基础上将有关信息进行处理，如计算、排序、判断、比较等。近年全国及各省、市高考阅读理解中，对细节理解类题型的考查依然占了较大的比例。特别是应用文、说明文和记叙文中，更是侧重于对细节理解的考查。 考例分析： B【2022·新高考I卷】 Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜)was to make a nice green
salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away —from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.” If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? V olunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road. Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says. 5. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test? A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm. C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation. 【题干定位】关键词a consequence of food waste 【文章定位】（第三段）Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. 【相同关键词】food waste 【答案定位】food waste is an environmental problem 【正确选项】B. Environmental harm 6. What does Curtin’s company do?
专题12 阅读理解：细节理解题 备考高考英语二轮复习 距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！ 养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。 全国名校最新模拟题（共八篇） Passage 1 (2022年北京卷) My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me. One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began. A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and
一轮复习英语(牛津译林版)模拟试题16 Ⅰ.单项填空 1．Thetheoryhestuckto______toberightlater. A．proveB．provedC．provingD．proves 答案B[本题中he stuck to为定语从句，要填的选项为句中真正的谓语动词，根据句意应为B项。句意为“他一直信奉的理论后来被证明是正确的”。] 2．—Canyoushootthatbirdatthetopofthetree? —No，it'soutof______. A．rangeB．reachC．controlD．distance 答案A[句意：你能射到树上的那只鸟吗？不能，它在射程之外。out of range在射程外，符合句意；out of reach够不到；out of control失控，故选A。] 3．Onlyunderspecialcircumstances______totakethoserests. A．arefreshmenpermittedB．freshmenarepermitted C．permittedarefreshmenD．arepermittedfreshmen 答案A[“only＋介词短语”置于句首，句子应用部分倒装，故选A。] 4．Theboyhasanamazingappetite______Americancountrymusic. A．toB．onC．withD．for 答案D[have an appetite for...为固定词组，其含义为“喜欢……”] 5．Morethanonehundredandfiftyteachersareworkinghardinourschool，______agestwenty-three______ forty-five. A．which，rangeto，betweenB．whose，rangefrom，to C．that，rangefor，andD．it，rangewith，to 答案B[第一个空whose修饰ages并且引导非限制性定语从句；第二、三空考查range from...to...结构的用法。] 6．Usuallychildrenundersixarenot______toschoolexceptthoseofextraordinaryintelligence. A．permittedB．admittedC．acceptedD．received 答案B[be admitted to...意思是“被录取，被准许进入”，符合题意。] 7．Theorganization______foodandblanketsamongthepeopleintheareahitheavilybysnowstorms. A．providedB．calculatedC．distributedD．contributed 答案C[distribute的意思为“分发”，符合题意。] 8．________hadhereceivedthetelegram______hestartedoffatonce. A．Never，thatB．Hardly，that C．Hardly，whenD．Nosooner，when 答案C[句意：他一接到电话马上就出发了。没有never...that与hardly...that结构，而no sooner应与than连用，故应选择C项。]