宾语补足语总汇
六、具体说明：
（一）副词作宾语补足语
I found him in yesterday.
（二）常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。
如：We must keep our classroom clean.
（三）常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。
如：We call them mooncakes.
（四）常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。如：In the country, we can hear birds singing.
（五）常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。如：I left my pen on my desk at home.
（六）不定式作宾语补足语
1. 常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish等；
2. 接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等。如：
I often see him play football.
She often asks me to help her.
We don't allow such things to happen again.
Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke.
She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.
Please remind me to leave her this note.
She requested him to go with her.
3. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明：
①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。
如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework.
②在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。
一感：feel
二听：hear, listen to
三让：let, have, make
四观看：observe, see, watch, look at
这类动词有：make, let, have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)。What would you have me do?
你要我做什么？She made him give up smoking.
她让他戒了烟。Let him do whatever he wishes to do.
他想干什么就让他干吧。
Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了
3. 掌握“使役动词have + 宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义
在“ hav e ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have 也可用get 。这一结构具有以下几种含义：
①意为“主语请别人做某事”。例如：
He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。（“检查”的动作由医生来进行）
②意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的事情”。例如：
Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt. 当心，否则会弄伤手的。
③意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成。例如：He had the walls painted this morning.
他今早把墙漆了。（主语自己可能参与）
④动词不定式也可作一些短语动词的宾语补足语。
I'm waiting for James to arrive.我正等着詹姆斯的到来。
He's arranged for a car to pick them up at the station.
他已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。
The UN has called on both sides to observe the cease fire.
联合国号召交战双方遵守停火协定。
（七）分词作宾语补足语
用现在分词作宾补，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系；用过去分词作宾补，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
1. 跟分词作宾补的动词有：catch, have get, keep, hear, find, feel, leave, make, want, start, notice, observe, watch, set等。例如：
There was so much noise that t he speaker couldn’t make himself heard.
由于十分吵闹，讲话人没法让人听到他的声音。
When he awoke, he found himself being looked after by an old woman.
他醒来的时候发现一位老大娘正在照顾他。
2. 几种用过去分词作宾语补足语的情况说明：
①表示“意欲；命令”的动词，如like, want, wish, order 等，可用过去分词
作宾语补足语。例如：
The father wants his daughter taught the piano.
这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。
②感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find 等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。例如：
I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now.
刚才我看到一位老人被车撞倒了。
③使役动词have, get, make, leave, keep等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。例如：Have you got your films developed? 你拿胶卷去冲洗了没有？
④“ with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：
The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back.
凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（表方式）
With water heated, we can see the steam.
水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）
With the matter settled, we all went home.
事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）
V.+宾语+宾补高考全解析
“动词+宾语+宾补”的试题是高考试题中常考的知识点，这里呢，我就高考常考的能跟接“宾语+宾补”复合结构的动词进行着重讲解，以帮助大家掌握这一知识点：一、“make+宾语+宾补”的用法
“make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当，例如：
(1)A good friend is someone who makes you happy.（形容词作宾补）
(2)They made me repeat the story.（省to的动词不定式）
(3)He raised his voice to make himself heard.(过去分词作宾补) 注：“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。
(4)We made him monitor of our class.（名词作宾补）注：职务名词充当宾补时其前面不要加冠词。【高考试题链接】
1. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them _____ in his lectures.(07江苏卷)
A．interested B．interesting C．interest D．to interest
2. My parents have always made me _____ about myself, even when I was twelve. A．feeling well B．feeling good C．feel well D．feel good
答案：1.A 2.D
二、“with+宾语+宾补”的用法
“with+宾语+宾补”是高考试题中考查十分频繁的结构，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补主要有形容词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式等，在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式，在选择时宾补空间该使用什么形式，主要限决于宾语与宾补的关系，主动关系用现在分词，被动关系则用过去分词，此外，不定式作宾补要表示含义为将来的意味，例如：
(1)With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.(宾语so many people
与communicate是主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾补)
(2)With everything he needed to buy, he went into the store.(不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)
(3)With everything he needed bought, he left the store.(过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)
(4)With my key lost, I couldn’t enter my room.(过去分词作宾补)
(5)With nothing to do, I went out for a walk.(不定式作宾补)
(6)I went out with the window open.(形容词作宾补) 另外，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补，如：
(1) She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.
(2) He left the room with the light still on. 【高考试题链接】
1.—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. —Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.
A．filled B．filling C．to fill D．being filled 2. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______ he gladly accepted it.
A．finished B．finishing C．having finished D．was finished 3. I couldn’t do my homework with all the noise______.(05北京)
A．going on B．goes on C．went on D．to go on 答案：
1. B
2. A
3. A
三、“have+宾语+宾补”的用法在“have+宾语+宾补”这一结构用法中，充当宾补的常用的有do，doing, done和adj，例如：
(1) I’ll have my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要理发。
(2) I won’t have you saying to your mother that way.
(3) He realized that she did not wish to have her go with him.
(4) I expect Amy will have the tea ready directly. 注意：have sth done的含义为“请别人来做某事或遭遇到某到情况”，例如：(
1)I had the door painted last week.
(2)He had his pocket picked.
(3)She had her watch stolen. 【高考试题链接】
1. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _____ in a short period.
A．improved B．improving C．to improve D．improve 2.—Did Peter fix the computer himself? —He _____, because he doesn’t know much about computers.(07安徽卷)
A．has it fixed B．had fixed it C．had it fixed D．fixed it 3.You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it _____ often enough.(05天津) A．explaining B．to explain C．explain D．explained
答案：1. A 2. C 3. D
四、“find+宾语+宾补”的用法“find+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾语补足语可以由现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及不定式to be等来充当。分别举例如下：
（1）You will find it a very difficult book.
（2）The youth found it a hard problem to think about.
（3）When he came to himself, he found himself surrounded by a group of boys. （4）I hope to find you in better spirits when we meet again.
（5）I find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful.
注意：find+宾语+宾补这一结构中通常不使用动词原形来充当宾语补足语，即没有“find+宾语+动词原形”这样的结构。【高考试题链接】
A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ____ in the kitchen.(03全国卷) A．smoke B．smoking C．to smoke D．smoked 答案：B。
五、“leave+宾语+宾补”的用法
Leave+宾语+宾语补足语，其中宾语补足这一成分可以由过去分词、现在分词、形容词、介词的复合结构等来充当，分述如下：
1．由过去分词来充当宾语补足语：leave sth/sb done，常用来表示宾语所处的状态或表示动作已经完成。
(1)Please excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered.
(2)He got up slowly leaving the lunch unfinished.
(3)Did you leave the doors and windows firmly fastened? △可用于被动语态：Hi！My patient can’t be left unattached.
2.由现在分词来充当宾语补足语：leave sb/sth doing,常用来表示使某人或某物一直做某事：(1)Don’t leave her waiting outside in the rain.
(2)They went off together and left me sitting there. (3)We left him painting the gate. △可用于被动语态：Now the temple has only its walls left standing. The papers were left lying around.
3.由形容词来充当宾语补足语：(1)You’d better leave the drawing-room door open. (2)His illness has left him weak. △可用于被动语态：The window was left open.
4.由介词的复合结构充当宾语补足语：(1)Leave him in peace! (2)His illness left him with a weak heart. (3)You’ve left her name off the list. △可用于被动语态：I was left without a ray of hope. 【高考试题链接】
A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left______.(06天津卷) A．unsatisfied
B．unsatisfying C．to be unsatisfying D．being unsatisfied 答案：A
六、“hear+宾语+宾补”的用法
“hear+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾补常可以由现在分词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等来充当，如：Through the wall he could hear Harris cleaning his teeth. She could hear the rain pattering against the windows. Have you ever heard a pop song sung in Japanese? I won’t hear anything said against him behind his back. 【高考试题链接】After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice _____ him.(07上海卷) A．calling B．called C．being called D．to call 答案：A。
宾语补足语10 年高考真题汇总 1.(2015·浙江卷·18)Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it live is quite another. A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed 2.(2015·陕西卷·18)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother good care of at home. A. taking B. taken C. take D. be taken 3.(2014·江西卷·34).He is thought foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A. to act B. to have acted C. acting D. having acted 4.(2013·北京卷·T29)When we saw the road with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. block B. to block C. blocking D. blocked 5.(2013·陕西卷·T13)Let those in need that we will go all out to help them. A.to understand B. understand C. understanding D. understood 6.H e is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them in his lectures.江苏A．interested B．interesting C．interest D．to interest 7.My parents have always made me about myself, even when I was twelve. A．feeling well B．feeling good C．feel well D．feel good 8.—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. —Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down.(07 福建卷) A．filled B．filling C．to fill D．being filled 9.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work he gladly accepted it.(07 安徽A．finished B．finishing C．having finished D．was finished 10.I couldn’t to my homework with all the noise .(05 北京) A.going on B．goes on C．went on D．to go on 11.Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short period. A．improved B．improving C．to improve D．improve 12.—Did Peter fix the computer himself? —He , because he doesn’t know much about computers.(07 安徽卷) A．has it fixed B．had fixed it C．had it fixed D．fixed it 13.You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it often enough.(05 天津) A．explaining B．to explain C．explain D．explained 14.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen.(03 全国卷) A．smoke B．smoking C．to smoke D．smoked 15.A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left .(06 天津卷) A．unsatisfied B．unsatisfying C．to be unsatisfying D．being unsatisfied 16.After a knock at the door, the child heard his m other’s voice him.(07 上海卷) A．calling B．called C．being called D．to call 17.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.(11 浙江) A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost 18.Claire had luggage an hour before her plane left. A. check B. checking C. to check D. checked 19.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself of his own dreams. A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind
详解双宾语和宾语补足语的区别：以make, give举例说明 双宾语结构：1. 动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语 3. 动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语 其中间接宾语是指人的，直接宾语是指物的 宾语补足语结构：1.动词+人（宾语）+动词原形 2.动词+宾语+形容词 3.动词+宾语+带to的不定式 4.动词+宾语+省to的不定式 5.动词+宾语+名词短语 其中红色部分作为句子的宾补成分, 特别强调的是宾 语补足语不可以和宾语换位置。 一、举例说明双宾语： 1. She made us coffee. 其中us 为句子的间接宾语coffer为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句： She made coffer for us. 2. He gave me a book. 其中me 为句子的间接宾语a book为句子的直接宾语。 本句子可改为同义句： He gave a book to me 二、举例说明宾语补足语: We make Lijian our monitor. 其中红色为宾补成分 这个句子最容易让人弄错，以为是双宾语，其实是our monitor作为句子的宾语补足语，这个句子是不可以改写成： We make our monitor for Lijian. （×） He asked me some questions. 这个句子容易让人误认为是宾语补足语结构，实际是双宾语结构，只不过这个句子中的动词的间接宾语不能+to或+for,这类动词还有cost, refuse, promise
The book cost me five yuan. 三、动词+直接宾语+for+间接宾语，这种结构中能用for改为同义句的动词有：buy, play, make, find,keep,choose,cut,cook,wash等 Please cut Tom the cake.= Please cut the cake for Tom. My father often washes me the clothes.=My father often washes the clothes for me. My father often cooks me lunch.=My father often cooks lunch for me. 四、动词+直接宾语+to+间接宾语，这种结构中能用to改为同义句的动词有：七给give, hand, pass, lend, send, show, write,一带bring，还有pay, teach, tell, wish, return, sell, read,等 I returned him the storybook= I returned the storybook to him. He showed all his friends his pictures.= He showed his pictures to all his friends. He sent me a book.= He sent a book to me
双宾语和宾语补足语的区别? 英语中，有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语称为"双宾语"。 句子结构为："主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语"。 如：My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑. 用来说明宾语的部分叫做宾语补足语.什么时候会出现宾语补足语呢?当一个句子有了（主+谓+宾）后,句意仍不清楚,这时补充一部分,句意就清楚了.如果这部分和宾语之间有逻辑上的“主+谓”的关系.也就是说,假设用宾语作主语,与后面的内容重新组成一个句子,其意义与原句的意义相符合,这时这部分就是宾语补足语.如果与原句意义不相符合,就是“双宾语”.如：1.We call her?这时主谓宾都有了,但句意不清楚,加上Sister Li后就完整了.如果我们用宾语做主语,就可写成She is Sister Li.此时,意义与原句相符合,所以Sister Li就是宾语补足语.2.I shall give you这时句子有了主谓宾,意义不完整.加上a dog?就完整了.但我们不能说You are dog,所以这时a dog是直接宾语.you是间接宾语. 双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示的行为的人.例如:They gave him a watch.这里的him 是间接宾语,a watch 是直接宾语,这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫双宾语.在英语中,有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整,还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动作,
【中考解读】 【考点分布】1.副词的语法作用及分类 2.副词的比较级 3.副词的词义辨析 【考点内容】掌握副词在句中充当的成分及副词比较级的变化规则，包括规则变化和不规则变化，掌握副词的词义辨析及具体用法 【命题趋势】1.副词的比较级和最高级运用 2.副词与动词的搭配使用 3.对具体副词及疑问副词的辨析 【副词定义】副词是用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说 明其他形容词或副词程度的词。 第一讲副词的语法作用及分类 一、副词的句法功能 1.作状语 副词作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子。 ①修饰动词It’s raining heavily.天正下着大雨。 He speaks English well. 他英语说得非常好。 【德州1】I carried the bowl with both hands___, so that I wouldn’t break it. A. carefully B. happily C. quickly D. carelessly 【山西3】— Jack, I have to have a talk with your father today. —Sorry, Mrs King. He is going on business and won’t be ___ until next week. A. out B. away C. back 【盐城4】It was raining _______when my sister and I got to the museum. ②修饰形容词I am quite busy now. ③修饰其他副词Don’t drive too fast.别骑得太快。 ④修饰介词短语，—Where is the book?书在哪儿? —Just on the desk.. 就在桌子上。 ⑤修饰句子Luckily , I passed the final exam. 幸运的是，我通过了期末考试。【注】修饰句子的副词，一般放在句首。 【湖北咸宁4】—As we know it’s difficult to live in a foreign country. —_______if you can’t understand the language there. D. Especially 2.作表语 副词作表语主要指主语的方位、方向、动作或状态. 如：in. out. on. back. down. up. off. away. upstairs等 My father is out this morning, but he will be in this afternoon I'll be back in five minutes. 我五分钟后就回来。 3.作定语 有些地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。 The people there were very friendly.那儿的人很友好。 4.作宾语补足语 副词可以作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的状态。
双宾语vs宾语和宾语补足语 双宾动词1.动词+ 间接宾语+直接宾语 They granted us a loan. She will lend you her mp3. I owed him an apology. Hand me the cellphone. 间接宾语有时候要放后面, 需要加介词to, 这类动词有give, loan, play, send, tell, grant, mail, post, serve, write, award, offer, read, show, bring, lease, owe, rent, sing, deal, leace, pass, repay, take, lend, pay, sell, teach 2. 动词+直接宾语+for+ 间接宾语 Sing us a song, please.-------Please sing a song for us. 这类动词常见的有: book, find, pick, bring, fix, play, fix, buy, leave, reserve, build, get, prepare, book, make, save, cut, mix, set, design, order, sing, fetch, paint, spare 常见的跟宾语补足语的及物动词 1. 可跟adj, 或adj短语作宾补的动词 (这类动词只跟一个宾语意义不完整, 宾语后必须加一个成分, 使其意义完整) believe, drive, keep, set, declare, consider, leave, find, make, cut, judge, get, push, dye, paint 2. 可用名词短语作宾补 call, name, make (使变为), wish, consider, find, keep, choose, elect We choose Li our new manager. We consider him a talented genius. 3. 可带to不定式结构作宾补 advise, allow, ask, expect, invite, get, order, tell, teach, wish, warn If you want people to think well of you, do not speak well of yourself. How could they allow the state to build a prison so close to our neighbourhood. 4. 用ing做宾补 see, hear, keep, catch, find, have(让, 使) watch, smell, look at, observe, discover, get(使) Can you hear sb playing the piano in the hall? The boy was last seen playing by the riverside. 5. 用ed做宾补 have(使), get(使), make(使), find(发现), feel, see, heat, think, watch You will see this product advertised wherever you go. I found the story used in a book. 指示代词this和that都可以用来指代或概括上文提到的事物，或指代前面整个句子的内容，两者在意义上没有区别，只是that多用在较正式的文体中。（同一句话中） You smiled and talked to me of nothing, for this I’d been waiting long. Hill slopes are cleared of forests to make way of crops, but this only accelerates crisis. 如果要指代下文，通常用this，用that情况很少，而且常有讽刺，气愤等意味。 I want to know this; Has he been here the whole morning?
Contents 英语宾语补足语用法详解 (2) 一、概念 (2) 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 (2) 三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 (3) 典例精析： (4)
英语宾语补足语用法详解 一、概念 分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。具体地说，主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。先了解宾语补足语，则很容易了解主语补足语。 宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。 句型：及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./to do/-ing/-ed/介词短语共7种表示法) 该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。例如： A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. 此句中smoking是主语he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。 二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 分词作主语(宾语)补足语时，若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动； 如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。例如： He was heard singing in the next room. He was singing.主语he与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词singing。 One of the glasses was found broken. One of the glasses was broken.主语one of the glasses与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词broken。 Don‘t leave the water running while you brush your teeth.
宾语补足语总汇 六、具体说明： （一）副词作宾语补足语 I found him in yesterday. （二）常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, make, find等。 如：We must keep our classroom clean. （三）常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call, name, make, think等。 如：We call them mooncakes. （四）常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, find, keep等。如：In the country, we can hear birds singing. （五）常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep, find, leave等。如：I left my pen on my desk at home. （六）不定式作宾语补足语 1. 常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, tell, want, teach, wish等； 2. 接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等。如： I often see him play football. She often asks me to help her. We don't allow such things to happen again. Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke. She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. Please remind me to leave her this note. She requested him to go with her. 3. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明： ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework. ②在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, have, make 四观看：observe, see, watch, look at 这类动词有：make, let, have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)。What would you have me do? 你要我做什么？She made him give up smoking. 她让他戒了烟。Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。 Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了 3. 掌握“使役动词have + 宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义 在“ hav e ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have 也可用get 。这一结构具有以下几种含义：
英语双宾语与复合宾语 英语双宾语与复合宾语(宾语补足语)的区别双宾语是指动词后有两个宾语；复合宾语是指动词后有一个宾语, 一个宾语补足语, 合起来称为复合宾语。 双宾语相对比较简单一些, 但复合宾语就复杂多了。两者在形式上看差不多, 它们都跟在动词后面, 都是两个部分。但它们之间在意义上、用法上还是有区别的。下面做一个简要的分析。 1、有没有逻辑主、谓关系是根本区别 (1) 双宾语, 一个是指人的间接宾语, 另一个是指物的直接宾 语, 两者之间是分开的独立的两件事。比如说： The old man told us a story yesterday. 那位老人昨天给我们讲了一个故事。 这句中, us 与a story 是分开的两件事物。 其它例子： The teacher gives each of them an eraser.
老师给他们每人一块橡皮。 They teach us Chinese and we teach them English. 他们教我们汉语, 我们教他们英语 Please show me your new book. 或Please show your new book to me. 请给我看看你的新书。 She bought me some tomatoes. 或She bought some tomatoes for me. 她给我买了一些西红柿。 (2) 复合宾语中, 宾语和宾语补足语之间, 在意义上有一种逻辑上的主语、谓语关系。换句话说, 把宾语、宾语补足语合起来, 也像是一个有主、谓关系的句子。例如： [例1] We made Tom monitor. 我们选举Tom 为班长。 这一句中, Tom 和monitor 之间有主、谓关系, 即Tom is mon itor.
语法汇总（基本句子成分） （本来想手写然后给你照照片的，不过写几个字之后发现自己的中文有点不会写了。个人觉得语法没什么用，可能是中国人比较喜欢系统的总结各种东西，初中高中也学了很多语法，不过等到学到稍高端之后就会发现，他们外国人写东西有语法不过更像是在跟感觉走。 I am never a big fun of grammar. Anyway, let’s get started.） 主语 主语表明这句话说的是谁和什么，主语主要由名词、代词或相当于名词的单词，短语或从句充当。 一、名词作主语 David arrived last night. 大卫昨晚到达。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄必败。 二、代词作主语 Who is speaking, please? （在电话中）请问您是谁？ That's OK. 这没问题。 三、数词作主语 Two will be enough. 两个就够了。 Two-thirds of the workers are women. 三分之二的工人是女工。 四、ing形式作主语 Skating is good exercise. 溜冰是很好的运动。 Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time. 从字典里查所有的生词花费了他许多时间。 五、不定式作主语 To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work. 把理想转变成现实需要辛勤的劳动。 六、名词化的形容词作主语 The blind and the lame are well cared for in our country. 在我们国家，盲人和肢残人受到很好的照顾。 The unemployed usually lead a hard life. 失业的人生活一般很困难。 七、短语作主语 How to do well is an important question. 如何把这件事做好是一个重要问题。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy. 早睡早起身体好。 八、从句作主语 What has happened proves that our policy is right.
高考英语四种常考句型汇总总结动词不定式 ( 1)作主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. ( 2)作宾语 They began to read. ( 3)作宾语补足语 Jim asked me to help him with his lessons. We often heard her sing. ( 4)作定语 I have an important meeting to attend. ( 5)作状语 She went to see her grandma yesterday. ( 6)用在how, when, where, what, which等之后 I don’t know how to use a computer.
Do you know when to start? He didn’t know what to do next. 句子种类 （1)陈述句 ( 肯定式和否定式) （2)疑问句 ( 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句) （3)祈使句 ( 肯定式和否定式) （4)感叹句 句子成份 1)主语 Betty likes her new bike. He gets up early every day. To learn a foreign language is not easy. 2)谓语 We work hard. The boy caught a bird.
He is my brother. They all look fine. 3)表语 Her sister is a nurse. It’s me. I’m ready. He got angry. We were at home last night. His cup is broken. 4)宾语 Tom bought a story-book. I saw him yesterday. He wanted to have a cup of tea. 5)直接宾语和间接宾语 He gave me some ink. Our teacher told us an interesting story. 6)宾语补足语
一. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 （1）单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est。 ①单音节单词 small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest ②少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节单词 clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest （2）以不发音e结尾的单音节单词，比较级在原形后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st。
large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest （3）以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）单词中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest （4）以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest （5）其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most。
beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily （6）有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→furthest/farthest 2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 （1）“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。 Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。
英语五种基本句型小结 根据句子的基本结构，英语句子可简单的分为以下五种： 一、主语+谓语（S + V） “主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分，后面不能跟宾语，但可以跟状语。 e.g. He cooks. 他烧饭。 They are drinking. 他们正在喝东西。 He runs in the park. 他在公园里跑步。 二、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语（S + V + O） 在这种句型中，谓语动词是及物动词。后面可以直接跟宾语。宾语一般是由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等来充当。 e.g. She made cakes. 她做了蛋糕。 They are eating meat. 他们正在吃肉。 She likes reading. 她喜欢读书。 I want to sleep. 我想睡觉。 三、主语 + 系动词 + 表语（S + V + P） 常见的系动词有以下几种： 1. be动词 (am / is / are / was / were / been) 2. 四变： get / become / turn / go 3. 感官动词： look / feel / taste / sound / smell 4. 另外还有keep, remain等都可以作为系动词。 表语一般由名词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式等来承担。 e.g. We are students. 我们是学生。 The days get longer and longer.白天变得越来越长。 The food goes bad. 食物变质了。 He seems worried. 他似乎很着急。 You must keep healthy. 你必须保持健康。 Tom is in China now. 汤姆现在在中国。 四、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（S + V + IO+ DO） 这种结构就是我们所说的双宾语。其中前一个宾语指人，称为间接宾语，一般放在直接宾语的前面，也可以放在直接宾语后面，但要用介词to 或for 隔开。后一个是直接宾语，一般指物。 1. 与to连用的动词有give, pass, bring, send, tell, teach, take, show 等, to一般表示方向。 e.g. Please show me the photos.（=Please show the photos to me.）请让我看看那些照片。 I gave him a book. (=I gave a book to him.)我把书给了他。 2. 与for 连用的动词有buy, get, find, cook, make, grow, sing等，for一般表示对象。 e.g. My mother bought a birthday cake for me yesterday. (=My mother bought me a birthday cake yesterday.) 我妈妈昨天给我买了一个生日蛋糕。 The singer sang three songs for us just now.
★五种基本句型 Rick often works on Weekend . 主谓（状） We often recite poems. 主谓宾 Bob seems insane. 主系表 Mum bought me a new bicycle. 主谓双宾 We found him humorous. 主谓宾宾补 五种基本句型总结：1.主语+不及物动词（主谓） 2.主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） 3.主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 4.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语（主谓双宾） 5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补（主谓宾宾补）例句：Birds fly.主谓 Yellow leaves are falling in the autumn air.主谓 The candle flickered.主谓 Her father is a health care worker.主系表 She becomes extremely angry at his words.主系表 He seems satisfied with his new-elected manager.主系表 Lily likes badminton very much.主谓宾 He made a call just now.主谓宾 The girl asked me where the bank was.主谓宾 He wrote her a long letter.主谓宾 I found the novel novel.主谓宾宾补
They elect him the dean of the department.主谓宾宾补 *如何区分双宾语和宾语补足语？ ?Mum gave me a pair of new running shoes.=Mum bought a pair of new running shoes to me. 双宾语 ?She tells me a story.=She tells a story to me. 双宾语（人和物分别是间接宾语和直接宾语） ?We call him Enoch≠We call Enoch him. 宾补 ?Mum asked me to go for a walk with her. 宾补 ?The smell makes me sick.宾补 ?We must keep our classroom neat.宾补 ?I find her a charming girl.宾补 ?Jim considers him a good teacher.宾补 =>位置可以互换是双宾(直接宾语和间接宾语），位置不能互换则是宾补
宾语补足语汇总 一、定义： 宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。 二、句子结构是： 主+谓+宾+宾补 三、两种结构： 1.主表型： 1) make our country beautiful (adjective) 2) call him Lao Li (noun) 3) find sb. out (adv.) 4) find sb. at home (Prep. phrase) 2. 主谓型： 1) ask sb. to do sth.（有to 不定式） 2) have sb. do sth. （无to 不定式） 3) see sb. doing sth. （现在分词） 4) have sth. done. （过去分词） 四、什么动词后可有宾语补足语： 1. 在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。 这类动词有：consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是"to be+形容词或名词"结构，think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。 We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。 He proved that theory (to be) very important. 他证明那个理论是很重要的。 I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her. 我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好，很诚实。 2. 在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。 这类动词有：love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。 I'd prefer you to leave him alone. 我希望你不要打扰他。 I don't want there to be any trouble. 我不想有任何麻烦。 3. 注意：hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。 I hope you can give me a hand. 我希望你能帮我一把。 I wish you to give me a hand. 我希望你能帮我一把。 He required us to be present at the meeting. 他要求我们出席会议。
双宾语和宾语补足语
双宾语和宾语补足语的区别? 英语中，有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,这两个宾语称为"双宾语"。 句子结构为："主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语"。 如：My parents bought me a computer.我父母给我买了一台电脑. 用来说明宾语的部分叫做宾语补足语.什么时候会出现宾语补足语呢?当一个句子有了（主+谓+宾）后,句意仍不清楚,这时补充一部分,句意就清楚了.如果这部分和宾语之间有逻辑上的“主+谓”的关系.也就是说,假设用宾语作主语,与后面的内容重新组成一个句子,其意义与原句的意义相符合,这时这部分就是宾语补足语.如果与原句意义不相符合,就是“双宾语”.如：1.We call her?这时主谓宾都有了,但句意不清楚,加上Sister Li后就完整了.如果我们用宾语做主语,就可写成She is Sister Li.此时,意义与原句相符合,所以Sister Li就是宾语补足语.2.I shall give you这时句子有 了主谓宾,意义不完整.加上a dog?就完整了.但我们不能说You are dog,所以这时a dog是直接宾语.you是间接宾语. 双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示的行为的人.例如:They gave him a watch.这里的him 是间接宾语,a watch 是直接宾语,这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫双宾语.在英语中,有些动词接了一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整,还需要再加上一个词或短语放在宾语之后来补充说明其身份、特征、状态或所做的动