上海高三英语答题纸

2015 年高考上海英语试卷考生注意：1. 考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 150 分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第I 卷（第 1-12页）和第H 卷（第 13页）,全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（填空题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸 反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I 卷（共103分）I .Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between tow speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on you paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.C.PleasedD.Regretful C.At the dentist 's D.At the chemist 's C.A translator D.A writer B. He can 't help the woman with her math. D.He doesn 't know where the “on ”button is.5. A.The woman should go to another couner.B. The woman gives the man so many choices.C. The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.D.The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.6. A.She has no idea where to find the man 's exam result.B. She isn 't allowed to tell students their grades.C. Dr.White hasn 't finished grading the papers.D.Dr.White doesn 't want to be contacted while he 's away.7. A .Move to a next dormitory B.Find a person to share their apartment.C. Clean the room with roommateD.Write an article about their roommate.8. A.Bob won 't take her advice.B. Bob doesn 't want to go abroad.C. She doesn 't think Bob should study overseas.D. She hasn 't talked to Bob since he went abroad.9. A.The snack bar isn 't usually so empty.B.Dessert is served in the snack bar.C.The snack bar is near the library.D. Snacks aren 't sllowed in th library.10. A .Take her bicycle to the repair shop.B.Leave her bicycle outside.C.Clean the garage after the rain stops.D. Check if the garage is dry.Section BDirections: In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possibleanswers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.ImpatientB.Confused 2.At a bus stopB.At a laundry 3.An actor B.A salesman4. A .He lost his classmate 'sQuestion 11 through 13 are based on the follow ing passage.11. A.It helps care for custermer ' dogs.C.None of the dogs are caged12. A.She likes the food there.C.She can have free coffee.13. A.A new kind of care.C.A new home for pets. Questi on 14 through 16 are based on the follow ing passage.14. A.A trend that high achiever are given a lower salary.B. A view that life quallity is more importa nt tha n pay.C. A dream of the young for fast-paced jobsD. A new term created by high achivers15. A. 10% B.12% C.6% D.7%16. A .P eople are less satisfied with their lives. B.The finan cial in vestme nt may in crease.C.Well-paid jobs are not easy to find.D.Un expected problem may arise. Sectio n CDirections: In Sectio n C,you will hear tow Ion ger con versati on s.The con versati ons will be read twice.After you hear each con versatio n,you are required to fill in the nu mbered bla nks with the in formatio nyou have heard. Write your an swersBlanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.n .Grammar and vocabularySectio n ADirections: Af ter readi ng the passages below, fill in the bla nks to make the passages cohere nt and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other bla nks, use one word that best fits each bla nk.(A)Gift from a stra ngerMy local supermarket is aways busy. The first parking space I found was convenient,but I ' noticed awoman in a blue car cireling for a white (25) _____ I was in a good mood, I left her have it .On the edge of thecar park I backed into the next available spot-it was a tight fit.B.You have to buy food for dogs. D.There is a dog n amed Prin cess B.She enjoys the fun with a pet. D.She does n'tlike to be alone. B.A new brand of coffee.D.A new way to raise pets.Pretty soon I ' made my way through the supermarket and was back in the fresh air. Feeling good, I (26) _ (empty) my purse change into the heads of a homeless man and helped a struggling woman reverse park.Just as I approached my car, I saw the woma n I'd let have my car spot carlier.She was fivi ng me (27) odd-look half puzzled,half intent( 热切的).I smiled and wished her a pleasant day. As I back into mycar, I saw the same lady(28) _____ (look) in at me. Hello, ” she said ,hesitantly This (29) ______ sould crazy,but I was on my way to drop some of my mother ' thing off at the charity bins. You are just so much (30) __her. You helped those people , I noticed, and you seemed so happy." She looked at me meaningfully and paused a box in through the window. “ think she would like you to have it. "(31) ___________________ (shock), I took itfrom her automatically. She smiled and walked away.After a pause. I ope ned the box. In side was a beautiful gold n ecklace with a large grey pearl. It was (32) _ (nice) gift I ' ever receibed, and I was from a complete stanger. The necklace was around my neck, a warm remin der of huma n kindn ess.(B)Ask Helpful HannahDear Helpfu hann ah,I'd got a problem with my husba nd, Sam. He bought a smartpho ne a couple of mon ths ago, and be took it on our recent ski vacation to Colorado. It was a great trip except for one problem. He has a constant arge (33) (check) for text messages, he checks his phone every five minutes! He ' so addicted to it that he just can ' sta nd the idea(34) there may be an importa nt text . He can 'help check ing eve n at in appropriate timeslike whe n we are eati ng in a restaura nt and I am talk ing to him ! He behaves (35) ___ ___ any smallamount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone even when he knows he shouldn ' The temptation to see (36) ___________________ is connecting him is just too great.When I ask him to please put down the phoneand stop (37) ___ (igoore) me, he says, “n a minute," but still checks to see if (38) ____ has postedsomething new on the internet. Our life (39) ___ (interrupt). If we go somewhere and I ask him to leave thephone at home ,he suffers from withdrawal symptoms. Mybe this depe ndency on his smartph one has become more tha n an everyday problem.I recently read an article about homophobia" (40) _______ is real illness people can suffer from the feat ofbeing without your phone! I am worried that Sam may be suffering from this illness because he feels anxious if he does n 'have his phone with him, even for a short time.Who would have thought that little devices like these could have brought so much trouble!Sick and Tired SadieSectio n BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more tha n you n eed.Considering how much time people spend in offices,it is important that work spaces be wellldesigned.Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation s image. They motivate workers, and they make an impressi on on people who visit and might be pote ntial, or 41 ,customers,They make bus in esses work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture we live in.As we move away from an in dustrial-based economy to a kno wledge-based on e,office desig ners have come up with 42 tothe traditi onal work envionments of the past, The desig n in dustry has moved away from a fixed offices setup and created more flexible strategic man ageme nt environmen ts ".These 43 soluti ons are meant to support better orga ni zati onal performa nee.As employee hierachies (等级制度) have flattened,or decreased,office designers response to this changehas bee n to move ope n-pla n areas to more desirable locati ons with in the office and crate fewer formal private offices. The n eed for in creased flexibility has also bee n 44 by cha nges in workstati on desig n. Offices and work spaces ofte n are not 45 to a give n pers on on a perma nent basis. Because of cha nges to methods of work ing, new desig ns allow for expa nsion or moveme nt of desks, storage,a nd equipme nt with in the workstatio n.Ano ther importa nt desig n goal is com muni cati on, which desig ners have improved by loweri ng the walls that 46 workstati on s.Desig ners have also created in formal gatheri ng places,a nd upgraded employees' 47 to heavily traficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Corporate and in stituti onal office desig ners ofte n struggle to resolve a nu mber of compet ing and ofte n 4 demands,including budgetary limits, employee hierarchies,and techological innovation (especially in relationto computerizati on ) .These dema nds must also be bala need with the n eed to careate in teriors (内饰)that inIsome way en cha nce,establish,or promote a compa ny s inm age and will en able employees to 49 at their best.All these 50 of office desig n are related.The most successful office desig ns are like a good marriage-thewell-desig ned office and the employess that occupy it are seem in gly made for each other.III. Readi ng Comprehe nsionSectio n ADirections: For each bla nk in the follow ing passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each bla nk with the word or phrase that best fits the con text.If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect in terest i n roma nee among the artists. 51 , you would see ple nty of ani mals with people running after them. Life for ancient people '(snelaiD n eid(tcBO^nd|etheri ng wild foods formeals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people ' s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless nu mber of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certa in: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First Impressi onTo help determ ine the 56 of attract ion, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other 'individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what ki nd of relati on ship they were likely to build with their part ners. After nine weeks, they reported what happe ned.As it turned out, their 58 judgeme nts ofte n held true. Stude nts seemed to 59 at an early stagewho would best fit i nto their lives.The 60 K nowsScie ntists have also tur ned to non huma ns to in crease un dersta nding of attract ion. Many an imals give off phero mones —n atural chemicals that can be detected by, and the n can produce a resp onse in, other ani mals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling ―61 _________________ topartn erships. In con trast, huma ns do not seem to be as 62 as other ani mals at detect ing such chemicals.Smell, however, does seem to play a part in huma n attract ion. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of some one seems to have a nu mber of factors, in clud ing see ing someth ing we find attractive. Researchershad people judge faces for 63 . The participa nts had 0.013 sec onds to view each face, yet somehow they gen erally con sidered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractive ness seem to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. I nstead B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise52. A. roma ntic B. stressful C. cen tral D. artificial53. A. priority B. proof C. possibility D. prin ciple54. A. seated B. impressed C. changed D. erased55. A. appeara nces B. virtues C. similarities D.posit on56. A. illustrati ons B. imagi nati ons C. in gredie nts D. in structors57. A. predict B. in vestigate C. diag nose D. recall58. A. critical B. i nitial C. ran dom D. mature59. A. memorize B. disti nguish C. n egotiate D. questi on60. A. Nose B . Eye C. Heart D. Ha nd61. A. open B. alert C. resista nt D. superior62. A. disappo in ted B. amazed C. con fused D. gifted63. A. emotion B. attractive ness C. i ndividuality D. sig nals64. A. enhance B. possess C. main tai n D. asses65. A. familiar B. plain C. positive D. Irritat ingSectio n BDirections: Read the follow ing three passages. Each passage is followed by several questi ons or unfini shed statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Look to many of history ' s cultural symbols, and there you ' ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowmar the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dat ing all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity ' s earliest forms of life art during several years of research around the world.For example, sno wme n were a phe nomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through tow n to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, i ncludi ng a 19-year-old Michela ngelo, who in 1494 was appo in ted by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion ' s courtyard.The Miracle of 1511 took place duri ng six freez ing works called the Win ter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in sno wme n — an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people ' s imagination. F( of Brussels, this was a defining moment of defining freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were deali ng with damagi ng floods.If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don ' t worry: I ' ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland,celebrate the beg inning of spri ng by blow ing up a sno wma n. On the third Mon day of April, the holiday Sechselaute n is kicked off whe n a cott on sno wma n called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through tow n by bakers and other tradesme n who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, represe nti ng the pass ing of win ter, the pile is lit. When the sno wma n explodes, win ter is con sidered officially over —the quicker it is bur nt dow n, the Ion ger summer is said to be.66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.B. People Ion ged to see masterpieces of snow.C. Buildi ng sno wme n was a way for people to express themselves.D. Buildi ng sno wme n helped people develop their skill and thought.67. “ The heyday of the sno wma n ” (paragraph 4) means the time when _________ .A. sno wme n were made mai nly by artistsB. sno wme n enjoyed great popularityC. sno wme n were politically criticizedD. sno wme n caused damagi ng floods68. In Zurich, the blow ing up of the Boogg symbolizes ________________ .A. the start of the paradeB. the coming of a Ion ger summerC. the pass ing of the win terD. the success of tradesme n69. What can be con cluded about sno wme n from the passage?A. They were appreciated in historyB. They have lost their valueC. They were related to moviesD. They vary in shape and size(B)Scary BunnyThe Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-le ngth feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine(粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in2006, and if you watch it, you ' ll understand why. ItEtew s an absolibrilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-lovi ng inven tor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a companyto protect the town s vegetables f rom hungry rabbits. However, just before the annualGia nt Vegetable70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading rolesB. The writer ' s opinion of actingC. The writer ' s comments on the storyD. The background information71. According to the film review, “ monster ” (paragraph B) refers to ____ .A. a gun-crazy hun terB. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbitD. a gia nt vegetable72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. It ' s full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feeli ngs without words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harm ony betwee n man and ani mals.(C)One of the executives gathered at the Aspe n In stitute for a day-l ong leadership workshop using the worksof Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “ Brutus was notman, ” he said. “ He was a(tr叛徒).And he murdered some one in cold blood. ” The agreeme nt was thatBrutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, theysaid—at least as it was prese nted by Shakespeare- to take the lead in murderi ng Julius Caesar. And thoughone of the executives ack no wledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar wasnevertheless his superior. “ You have to endeavor, ” the executives said, “ our policy is to obey the comma nd. ”During the last few years, bus in ess executives and book writers look ing for a new way to advisecorporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare ' s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so thanhusba nd and wife team Kenn eth and Carol Adelma n, well-k nown advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “ Movers and Shakespeares ” . They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have comb ined their passi on and their high level con tacts into a man ageme nt training bus iness. They con duct betwee n 30 and 40 workshops annu ally, focus ing on half a doze n differe nt plays, mostly for corporati ons, but also for gover nment age ncies.The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation （狡诈的挑唆） of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespearetradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry ' s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come toetxhtewtith a fewbiases （ 偏向 ）: their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say abo ut Brutus, saying“ the noblest Roman of them all ” couldn ' t make h mind up about things.Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar which led to his murder, and Brutus 's madisintagktehsein alefter the murder, they said, raise vitalquestions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?73. According to paragraph 1, what did all the executives think of Brutus?A. Cruel.B. Superior.C. Honorable.D. Bade74. According to the passage, the Adelmans set up “ Movers and Shakespeares” to _______ . A. help executives to understand Shakespeare ' s plays betterB. give advice on leadership by analyzing Shakespeare ays ' s plC. provide case studies of Shakespeare ' s plays in literature workshopsD. guide government agencies to follow the characters in Shakespeare' s plays. 75. Why do the Adelmans conduct a workshop on Henry V?A. To highlight the importance of catching opportunities.B. To encourage masterful leaders to plan strategies to win.C. To illustrate the harm of prejudices in management.D. To warn executives against power misuse.76. It can be inferred from the passage that _ .A. the A delmans ' programme proves biased as the roles of characters are maximized.B. executives feel bored with too many specific elements of ShakespeareC. the Adelmans will make more profits if they are professional scholars.D. Shakespeare has played an important role in the management field.77. The best title for the passage is ___s plays: Executives reconsider corporate culture s plays: An essential key to business success splalye s :saon for business motivation s plays: Dramatic training brings dramatic resultsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children' s development. sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second,youth sport programs have long been consi dered important to youth ' s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills; these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they mustconsider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.Research from Telama (2006) states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth (ages nine to eighteen) increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for s plays.A. ShakespeareB. ShakespeareC. ShakespeareD. Shakespeareboth males and females. C? t &2002) defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment (e.g. in the street. on a playing field or in someone 's backyard). When involved in deliberate play activit children are less concerned with the outcome of their outcome of their behavior. (whether they win or lose) than with the behavior. (having fun).On the other hand, Ericsson (1993) suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills are used in most effective means available practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likelyto _______________ .80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at ___________ .第II 卷 (共47 分)I. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

上海市上海中学2023-2024学年高三英语第一学期期末考试试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．--- The free gift doesn’t look good.--- _____, madam, but if you want good quality, you have to pay for it.A．No doubt B．No offenceC．No problem D．No way2．Zhouqu, Gansu was attacked by such a terrible mud-rock flow few residents had ever experienced before.A．as B．which C．where D．that3．Mary nearly missed the flight doing too much shopping.A．in need of B．on top ofC．in front of D．as a result of4．People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult ________ so long as the whole nation works hard for it.A．realizing B．to be realizedC．realized D．to realize5．___the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.A．To ensure B．EnsuringC．Having ensured D．To have ensured6．A fireworks display was organized ________ the Queen’s birthday.A．to mark B．markedC．having marked D．being marked7．There is no easy way to remember prepositions, as it is one area of English____ the rules seem very irregular.A．that B．whereC．whose D．which8．_______ you consider that the airline handled 80 million passengers last year, the accident figures are really very small.A．Unless B．WhenC．Before D．Though9．Difficulties strengthen the mind, _____ labour does the body.A．if B．asC．for D．so10．I wanted to major in English at first, but later I ________ my mind and now I am a writer.A．changed B．have changedC．would change D．will change11．With the help of high technology in the past few years, electronic business _______ to bank industry and travel industry..A．applied B．have appliedC．has been applied D．had been applied12．Computers can do nothing．But once ______what to do, they show extraordinary power to do a great deal．A．to program B．being programmed C．programmed D．having programmed13．It is usually thought a little child says is truth.A．What that B．that what C．which D．that14．________ the opportunity to speak at the graduation ceremony made me overjoyed. A．Offering B．OfferedC．To offer D．Being offered15．The survey shows that speed at least 30 percent of road traffic and deaths. A．contributes toB．results fromC．lies inD．relies on16．It really matters _______ he treated the latest failure, for the examination is around the corner.A．if B．thatC．why D．how17．As a child, I was _________to keep quiet when my parents were discussing something, while parents nowadays often ask for their children’s opinions. A．demanded B．hoped C．forbidden D．required18．The news of the newly-elected president’s coming to China for a visit was ______on the radio just now.A．given away B．given in C．given off D．given out19．Be calm, Madam. Can you remember _____________ you had your mobile phone stolen?A．when was it that B．that it was whenC．where it was that D．it was where that20．— Who recommended Nancy for the post?— It was James ______ admiration for her was obvious.A．who B．that C．whose D．whom第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

松江区2024学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分115分，完卷时间105分钟）2024. 12考生注意：1. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂(选择题) 或写(非选择题) 在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写学校、班级、姓名和考号。

3. 答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

I. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Kung Fu—Always a DrawAndrew Konde, a second-year student at Kenya's Strathmore University, was inspired to start learning kung fu, or martial arts, as a child after watching movies. But (1) _________ began as an after- school activity has become a lifestyle for the student, who is now the chairman of the university's Titan Martial Arts club.As a child, Konde was fascinated by the skills of martial arts heroes like Jackie Chan. He (2) _________ (accept) by Strathmore University in 2022 and his interest in kung fu received a boost upon joining the martial arts club. Through hard work, he rose to become the club's chairman and has had the honor of leading his team to wins at several martial arts championships, including the2022 All-Africa University Games, (3) _________ they emerged as the second-best overall team.“Kung fu promotes better health, (4) _________ (improve) flexibility, and higher self-respect. These are essential qualities for a happier, longer life. That's why I love it, ” Konde said.Konde has also earned silver and bronze (铜) medals in local kung fu competitions since he began practicing (5) _________. He sees 2023 as the highlight of his kung fu journey, after (6) _________ (declare) to be one of Kenya's top competitors in the featherweight category.Kung fu (7) _________ (originate) in China and is a key part of its traditional culture. It has now grown in popularity in Kenya, particularly (8) _________ school-age children. They find it interesting (9) _________ it keeps them in shape, and teaches them self-defense and self-control.Kevin Obonyo, an economics lecturer and kung fu instructor at Strathmore University, said the growing enthusiasm for kung fu across Africa (10) _________ be owed to the strengthening of China- Africa relations solidified through projects like the Belt and Road Initiative. . .Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. admissionB. broadC. comfortablyD. decodedE. forerunnerF. hardlyG. replaced H. risky I. spread J. subjects K. switchesMore Than a PopularizerCertain creative works possess such an endless ability to bounce that they become fixed in the culture. One such book is Malcolm Gladwell's The Tipping Point. Published more than two decades ago, it dug into a (n) 11 range of topics, from crime rates in New York to shoe sales, all from the perspectives of epidemiology (流行病学) . “Ideas and products and messages and behaviors 12 just like viruses do,” he wrote.Gladwell presented his readers with a series of stories, mysteries and puzzles, and then 13 them, revealing his workings in a cheerful and confident narrative (描述性的) voice. Listen to me, he seemed to whisper to his readers, and I will show you the hidden workings of society, and how you, as an individual, can influence or “tip” the trends that shape it.Almost 25 years and six books later, he wrote a follow-up, Revenge of the Tipping Poin t, which is like its14 in its self-confidence, attractiveness and clarity. However, the new book bears the mark of an author living ina country very different to the United States 25 years ago. The case studies about shoes in The Tipping Point are15 by stories that touch on the anxieties of modern America.Many of his 16 are familiar and yet he empowers them with a new energy. In chapter five, he further explorers the question of diversity in offers from the Ivy League, 17 an underreported issue, and yet he somehow thinks from a totally different angle. Instead of examining the means by which first-class institutions keep minorities out, he reveals the ways in which Harvard, through its 18 policy for athletes, only invites rich and white applicants in.Gladwell combines viewpoints about epidemiology with the detail of a court copy or direct quotation, and19 between different worlds, drawing comparisons and contrasts—that's where part of his charm lies. It is an exciting technique, but it comes with 20 elements—his topics, so highly charged at an individual level, sometimes lack sympathy.II. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.At the ancient Olympics in Greece, athletes weren't the only stars of the show. The game also attracted poets, who recited their works for eager audiences. Competitors employed bigger names to write poems of their 21 , which choruses performed at celebrations. Physical strength and 22 skills were closely linked.Thousands of years later, this image 23 Pierre de Coubertin, a French nobleman known as the founder of the modern Olympics. The nobleman believed the world should value the harmony of arts and athletics. The idea can be traced back to Plato’ s Republic, in which Socrates highlights the virtue of education that combines “gymnastics for the body and music for the 24 . ”Coubertin pictured a competition that would 25 muscle and mind. But his fellow organizers never fully shared his vision. The 1896 Games included only 26 competitions, such as swimming and fencing. Several new events, for instance, water polo in 1900 and boxing in1904, made their first appearance; 27 , muscle and mind remained firmly unrelated.Coubertin 28 —on August 5, 1904, he published an article, writing “… the arts and literature joined with sport to ensure the greatness of the Olympic Games. The same must be true in the future. . . ” when officials announced that Rome would host the 1908 Olympics.Coubertin argued that the partnership of sport and art had outlasted the destruction of Olympia, and the time had come to 29 this ideal completely. Since the first three modern Games had gotten the ball rolling, it was “possible and 30 to bring muscles and thought together again. ”Two years later, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) held a conference to seriously discuss “to what extent and in what form the arts and literature can participate. ” The event program listed several arts categories that were 31 .Officials ultimately agreed to add five arts competitions to the Olympics in 1908: literature, painting, sculpture, music and architecture. All works entered into these categories, 32 named the Pentathlon of the Muses (缪斯五项) . They would need to be inspired by sports, bringing back the ancient harmony that Coubertin had 33 . In 1949, 12 years after Coubertin's death, nevertheless, the IOC decided to 34 the art competitions, citing that most of the participants relied on their artistic work for a living and it was illogical to allow professionals to win Olympic medals.Today there are occasional 35 to bring the artistic competitions back. We do hope one day we can witness a wholly new Olympics.21. A. knowledge B. victories C. interests D. liberty22. A. sporting B. academic C. literary D. communicative23. A. disturbed B. charmed C. tricked D. described24. A. organizers B. competitors C. public D. soul25. A. reunite B. compare C. distinguish D. refresh26. A. athletic B. popular C. amateur D. fierce27. A. otherwise B. likewise C. however D. moreover28. A. stressed out B. felt prejudiced C. moved forward D. settled down29. A. challenge B. restore C. evaluate D. abandon30. A. troublesome B. imaginative C. annoying D. desirable31. A. under control B. under considerationC. in useD. in progress32. A. typically B. confusingly C. frequently D. collectively33. A. expected B. suspended C. created D. legalized34. A. justify B. discontinue C. stage D. enrich35. A. rejections B. guidelines C. calls D. decisionsSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)After a long journey, I finally got to the hospital. Lying on the examination table while facing the painfully bright ceiling lights, I fidgeted, desperately trying to ignore the upsetting part of the situation. I attempted to focus on staying warm in the cold room, but what happened days ago kept running through my head — the intense pain, the overpowering fear, and the panicky steps in the Emergency Room. I was told I had broken a backbone. I now smiled recalling the innocence of my response: “Do I have to wear a support when I play football? ”I had waited for three months to find out whether I could play football again, but the thought of waiting another five minutes seemed impossible. Then Dr. Pittinger entered. He was friendly, but noticeably uncomfortable, almost sad. He told me that I would never be able to play football again.The realization sank in immediately. I wasn't surprised, or at least I shouldn't have been, but that didn't make the order any easier. I refused to accept the idea, and for months I continued to exercise. I worked out from five to six every morning. Though I was ashamed to wear the support, I wore it devotedly, with some false hope that the more I wore it, the quicker and better it would heal the backbone.I was determined to play again.The fact is that, just as the doctor ordered, I never played another quarter of football. After nights of coming home from exercising, barely able to walk, I finally gave in. For a while, giving up felt like an admitting of defeat rather than the acceptance of a truth that should have been painfully obvious, but over time, I realized like most difficult decisions I have made and will have to make, life would go on. Rather than stick to the undeniably unattainable, I understood though this particular option was no longer open to me, I had countless others to make in its place.And by the way, I'm a five-star football coach now.36. The word “fidgeted” in paragraph 1 most probably means “________”.A. felt terribly boredB. lay quietly and calmlyC. was extremely gratefulD. made slight, anxious movements37. The underlined sentence in paragraph 2 indicates the writer's ________.A. slow but steady recoveryB. eagerness to get the doctor's answerC. frequent visits to the hospitalD. emotional change after the accident38. What did the writer give up in the end?A. Trusting the doctor.B. Exercising in the gym.C. Focusing on the impossible.D. Putting everything in place.39. What's the message mainly conveyed in the passage?A. Ignoring failures is the key to a fulfilling life.B. There are two ways for everyone to live his life.C. Some people in the world live with physical pain.D. We should accept life as it is and live to the fullest.(B)Every day, people worldwide volunteer for thousands of different companies and organizations. They see volunteering as a way of demonstrating what they stand for and consider valuable. What are some of the major trends in volunteering? To answer the question, we'll need to look at some statistics.#1 Around 30% of Americans volunteer.About one-third of adult Americans formally volunteer at least once a year. 36% of the time spent in volunteering is dedicated to fundraising. Moreover, 34% of volunteering activity goes to collecting or delivering food.#2 In USA, 15% of people support hunger and homelessness causes.Hunger and homelessness causes are the most supported in USA. The next leading cause for volunteering is health and wellness, with 13% of Americans donating to those causes. Other top causes are charities for animals and wildlife and charities for the country's younger generation, with 10% and9% of Americans supporting them, respectively.#3 People around the world donate repeatedly.In Europe, 44% people donate repeatedly. Australia and New Zealand have a higher percentage of people who do the same—51%, outnumbered by USA with a percentage of 57%, and in Africa, the percentage is even higher. #4 Volunteering plays a role in employment.One surprising benefit of volunteering is that it can assist in job-hunting. Volunteers who've been unemployed are 27% more likely to find work. That's especially true for unemployed volunteers without secondary school experience, who are 51% more likely than non-volunteers to find a job.The trend that employers prefer volunteers to non-volunteers applies no matter how old and where the volunteers are. Statistics indicate that 91% of employers value soft skills as much as hard skills, and volunteering is an excellent way to develop soft skills in a real-world environment.#5 Women are more likely than men to volunteer.Globally, about 57% of volunteer work is done by women. Women are more likely to engage in activities like childcare for neighbors, or helping with a local environmental cleanup.In USA, 34% of women volunteer, compared to 26% of men.40. People around the world volunteer because they ________.A. are interested in the major trends in volunteeringB. are able to deal with troubles related to volunteeringC. prefer to work in various kinds of companies or organizationsD. regard volunteering as a way to show their identity and values41. We can learn from #4 that ________.A. volunteering improves people's chance of employmentB. volunteers' age will affect their likelihood of getting hiredC. employers think volunteering develops soft skills as much as hard skillsD. volunteers without educational background are unlikely to be employed42. Which chart correctly illustrates the information in the passage?A. B.C. D.(C)An unusually reflective communications satellite that outshines almost every star in the sky was joined by another five in the first week of September, 2024. Astronomers warn that the appearance of more and more bright objects in the night sky will severely set back their work and could even limit our ability to spot asteroids—small planets going around the sun—heading for Earth.Texas-based AST SpaceMobile, intending to set up a group of 100 satellites to provide mobile phone connections around the globe, launched a test satellite called BlueWalker 3 in 2022, drawing criticism from astronomers who found that it was brighter than all but seven stars in the night sky. The company launched the first five commercial versions of BlueWalker 3, called Bluebirds, from Florida, on 12 September.Grant Tremblay, vice president of the American Astronomical Society, says the increasing number of satellites in low Earth orbit “is an existential problem for astronomy”. While AST SpaceMobile is a concern to astronomers because of its very reflective design, it is by no means the only one, he says. Internet firm Starlink is another whose satellites have raised worries.“For astronomy, things are absolutely getting worse,” says Tremblay. “I fear that we' re at risk of losing the sky.” Projects such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory (天文台) , under construction in Chile and due to start scanning the sky in 2025, will have images ruined by bright traces when satellites cross their field of view, says Tremblay.“When a frame is harmed by, for example, a Starlink crossing, the frame is useless. You throw it out, ” he says. “The observatory will still work. It'll still do amazing science. But efficiency could drop sharply if we start heading into a system in which hundreds or thousands of reflecting satellites are in orbit. ” Tremblay believes this is not only a loss to science, also to wider society. “We return images of this incredibly magical universe whose scale is truly unimaginable, and there's something unifying and inspirational. If we lose that, I think that's a societal disaster. ” To solve the problem, he says astronomers may have to put more instruments in space beyond our crowded orbit, but the cost and complexity of doing that is generally prohibitive.Losing astronomical capabilities could even put humanity in danger. Ian Carnelli at the European Space Agency says we have spent decades improving our ability to spot asteroids heading for Earth and potentially redirect them. “It could be harder to find them in the future because of reflective satellite constellations (卫星群) ,” he says.43. According to Grant Tremblay, why are we at the risk of losing the sky?A. Because the observatory is unable to function properly in most cases.B. Because the viewing area of the satellites is darkened by observatories.C. Because the construction work is destroying the scanning work of the sky.D. Because the satellites will keep us from obtaining a clear picture of the sky.44. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Effectiveness in mobile communications will decrease dramatically.B. A vast number of satellites makes the magical universe more inspiring.C. Fewer satellites of commercial versions will be launched in the future.D. Earth could face a higher risk of asteroid impacts for detection failures.45. What concern does Tremblay express about the crowded orbit?A. An increase in societal disasters.B. That scientific study is less efficient.C. Less space for instruments in outer space.D. That observatories are harmed by frames.46. What's the passage mainly about?A. The launch of bright satellites raises fears.B. There are still downsides to scientific work.C. More sky-friendly satellites should be designed.D. The societal impact caused by satellites is extensive.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.A. Wetlands are known for their ability to feed part of the world.B. This helps to preserve clean water for humans and wildlife alike.C. Without them, the city construction will slow down in some way.D. Many wetlands have been filled to make way for fields and buildings.E. Besides their ecological benefits, wetlands offer economic and recreational value.F. These call for cooperation between governments, organizations and communities.Protecting WetlandsWetlands are among the most effective ecosystems on Earth, providing a habitat for a wide variety of plant and animal species and therefore play a crucial role in maintaining environmental balance and supporting biodiversity. For instance, they can act as natural water purifiers and absorbing harmful substances from runoff (地表径流) before they reach larger bodies of water. 47 .Wetlands can be thought of as “biological supermarkets”. They provide great volumes of food that attract many animal species. These animals use wetlands for part of or all of their life-cycle. Dead plant leaves break down in the water to form small particles of organic material. This enriched material feeds shellfish and many small insects in the water.48 . They are consistent resources for activities like bird watching, fishing, and photography. These outdoor activities are gaining popularity nowadays and people tend to pay to refresh themselves at the weekends.However, wetlands around the world are under threat because of human activities such as agriculture and urban development. 49 . As a result, many species that depend on these habitats are at risk of extinction, and the natural services that wetlands provide are being decreased.Conservation efforts are essential to preserving these vital ecosystems. This includes protecting existing wetlands, bringing those that have been degraded back to the former state, and carrying out policies that limitharmful activities in these areas. 50 . Through international cooperation and local initiatives, it is possible to ensure that wetlands continue to support the environment for generations to come.III. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.51. Is Regenerating Nature Only Charitable?In the world of environmental conservation, many people think nature regeneration projects are mainly about charity, not profit. This idea has wrapped around our common awareness, casting such efforts as noble but financially unreliable pursuits. However, is this assumption accurate? With a mix of passion, strategy and innovation, Khory Hancock, an environmental scientist and businessman, is demonstrating that nature regeneration can indeed be profitable.According to Hancock, one way to make money is through carbon credits. These credits are like tickets that organizations can buy or sell. When they invest in restoring ecosystems, they earn credits that can be traded for money. This gives conservation a real purpose to help nature and at the same time brings financial rewards. Beyond direct financial returns, it also helps enhance businesses’ public image. In a world where information travels rapidly and opinions are formed swiftly, having a good public image is without doubt a strategic necessity. The benefits are far-reaching, from building trust and credibility to attracting opportunities and encouraging better relationships, all helping businesses make profits in the long run.Hancock adds that the fields of profitability do not end there. By regenerating farming lands, farmers can use the power of carbon stored as soil organic matter, which has a great effect on almost all soil properties—making the soil more productive. Hancock has also proved that the regenerating practices reduce the gradual destruction of soil and improves soil structure, making the land more adaptable to weather extremes, such as floods and droughts, and consequently increases productivity.Such projects reveal the hidden values that lie within environmental restoration. If more investors increase the scale of these projects, bring financial benefits to both businesses and farming, and in the end, the planet, we can benefit from a sustainable world.IV. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 不如我们带上新买的望远镜去赏月吧！(enjoy)53. 这种布料用棉线编织而成，很有民族特色。

上海市静安区2023届高三一模英语试卷考生注意：1.练习时间120 分钟，试卷满分140 分。

2.本练习设试卷和答题纸两部分，全卷共12 页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. The parcel was put somewhere around the street corner.B. She seldom receives parcels.C. The parcel doesn’t belong to her.D. She made a mistake by buying a wrong parcel.2. A. The steakhouse is perfect for everyone.B. The food in the steakhouse is not satisfactory.C. The woman has been to the steakhouse twice.D. The food in the steakhouse is too expensive.3. A. The man has a stomach disease.B. Inappropriate eating habit has made the man uncomfortable.C. The man should eat nothing for dinner.D. The man should have a thorough body check.4. A. She didn’t sleep well this morning. B. Her son didn’t catch the school bus.C. She drives the school bus.D. She is always late for work.5. A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and headmaster.C. Gardener and employer.D. Waiter and customer.6. A. She can memorize Mr. Cannes’ s phone number.B. She barely knows Mr. Cannes.C. Mr. Cannes is beyond reach right now.D. She will try various ways to get touch with Mr. Cannes.7. A. She doesn’t hear the noise.B. The noise is caused by a neighbour’s house decoration.C. They should thank Mr. James for the notification.D. There is a fight on the 11th floor of the building.8. A. Some restaurants don’t request tips.B. The service they’ve got isn’t worth the tip the restaurant requests.C. They have refused to pay the tip.D. The food of the restaurant is expensive.9. A. Their gas bill is roughly steady every month.B. This month’s gas bill hasn’t arrived yet.C. The number on the gas bill is wrong.D. The gas bill will get even higher in winter.10. A. Her necklace is not expensive at all.B. Someone will return the necklace sometime later.C. Calling the police is not a good idea.D. She has given the necklace to the man.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Because they wanted to produce cheap coffee.B. Because they couldn’t bear the taste of ordinary coffee.C. Because they didn’t want coffee to damage their teeth.D. Because they wanted to have coffee with stronger flavor.12. A. By only using coffee beans and water. B. By avoiding artificial flavors and sugar.C. By physical processing.D. By adding some materials.13. A. Because drinkers’ reviews vary. B. Because it’s only available in the U.K.C. Because it is expensive.D. Because there are too many online orders. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It solved all psychological problems.B. It lacked attention on what was good about life.C. It ignored research into treating mental illnesses.D. It was developing too slowly.15. A. It was confused with positive thinking. B. It’s still not a science yet.C. It ignores individual diversity.D. It doesn’t present enough findings.16. A. The origin and facts of positive psychology.B. The advantages of positive psychology.C. People’s opinions about positive psychology.D. The special cases in positive psychology.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Dating back to 6000 years ago. B. Featuring Greek and Roman civilization.C. Focusing on the light of the old time.D. Displaying gardens of different times.18. A. Charge too much for admission. B. Not pay enough attention to modern art.C. Exhibit art works of poor quality.D. Deal with criticisms badly.19. A. Avoid taking kids to the Met.B. Book a tour guide service.C. Visit the galleries near to the entrance.D. Select interesting galleries online in advance.20. A. All the people pay 25 dollars. B. Local people can decide how much to pay.C. Foreign visitors can pay zero.D. Students must pay half price.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In a bid to control the nation's growing problem with food wastage, the South Korean government has started a unique initiative - "Pay as You Trash". As of now, the South Korean government has three methods (21) place to charge citizens for the food thrown away. One is through a RFI card. When users tap this card over a specially designed food waste bin, the lid(盖子) will open, allowing them to dump their waste. The waste (22) (weigh) automatically and a bill is recorded in the user's account which the user needs to settle on a monthly basis. Each RFI bin costs $1,500 and (23) serve 60 households.The second billing method is through pre-paid garbage bags. These specially designed bags are priced based on volume. There's also an electronic management system, (24) residents put food waste directly into the bin and pay for it by purchasing a special tag (25) (attach) to the bin.Every household in South Korea is subject to one of these payment systems. (26) the new payment method affects you depends totally on how much food you throw away. WhateverK. stretched J. loosely I. torn D. consistency E. shiftsC. unseasonable H. air A. favor B. contained F. upset G. contradictory system you use, you are sure to feel the pain of food waste. The more food you throw out, the more you end up (27) (pay).And it's working. Residents like Seoul housewife Ms. Kwan have found it necessary to adopt innovative methods to avoid food waste. She picks (28) wet out of leftover food before throwing it away. She also separates fresh produce and other food items into (29) (small) portions so that only the required amount is used up per meal. “(30) the fees can be reduced, I'm willing to adopt any innovative method to avoid food waste,” she s aid.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The party may actually be the last stronghold of the dress code, a tradition that is increasingly falling out of 31 everywhere, from the workplace to the school. As the power of choice32 away from the institution and toward the individual, the idea of any establishment deciding what is and is not appropriate dress, when dress is so deeply mixed with personal identity, seems increasingly 33 .So why do so many hosts think a dress code is a good idea?On the one hand, it does help reduce guests’ confusion and insecurity about what to wear to a special event. And it can help give a party a festive 34 . There’s something very fun about fancy dresses of a theme. Also, if there are photos involved, a certain 35 in dress can create a clear visual effect for the photos.On the other hand, if the dress code is too unspecific, it only adds to the general what-to-wear confusion, with “dress to impress” being a case in point. Sometimes it involves dresses that seem 36 to an individual’s sense of style. Either way, you will feel 37 between pleasing your host and pleasing yourself.When I asked the designer Ulla Johnson about the issue, she admitted that she demanded a dress code at her wedding: everyone in white. But she also said she wasn’t 38 at all when some guests asked to be an exception to the rule.“At this point, I would say dress codes can be 39 interpreted,” she said. “Putting onsomething you don’t love because it obeys a code should be off the table.”In other words, a party dress code is not the same as a school uniform. It can be 40 to fit each individual. Honey Dijon, the D.J. and musician, likewise believes that open interpretationsof dress codes are generally expected, though she has her own solution to the dress code issue.“Choose something that is related to the theme, such as a shoe or a bag,” she said. “That way, the host is satisfied and you still feel confident.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.According to a Gallup World Poll, 1.1 billion people want to move temporarily to another country in the hope of finding more profitable jobs. An additional 630 million people would like to move abroad permanently.The global desire to leave home arises from poverty and necessity, but it also grows out of a belief that such mobility is possible. People who hold fast to this universal 41 assume that individuals can and should be feel at home anywhere in the world and that they need not be42 to any particular place. This view was once regarded as a negative product of the industrialization but is now accepted as central to a(n) 43 economy.It leads to opportunity and profits, but it also has high _ 44 costs. According to a long research into the emotions and experiences of immigrants(移民) and migrants, many people who leave home in search of better prospects can’t avoid feeling 45 although few speak openly of the substantial pain of leaving home.Such tolerance of emotional suffering became common among mobile Americans in the 20th century, and represented a(n) 46 from the past. In the 19th century, Americans of all groups, pioneers, soldiers and the millions of immigrants who streamed into the nation, loudly complained that moving was emotionally 47 . Medical journals explored the condition, often referring to it by its clinical name: nostalgia(思乡).Today, discussions of nostalgia are rare, for the emotion is typically regarded by individuals as an embarrassing block to progress and prosperity. The 48 makes mobility appear misleadingly easy.Technology also tricks us into thinking that mobility is 49 . The comforting vision of50 offered by technology makes moving seem less consequential, since “one is always justa mouse click or a phone call away”.But such a claim was 51 optimistic, for homesickness continued to hurt many who migrated. The 52 that phone calls and the Internet provide means that those away from home can know exactly what they are missing the exact moment and how it is happening. It gives the impression that one can be in two places at once but it also highlights the 53 of thatassumption.The persistence of homesickness points to the limitations of the universal philosophy that strengthens so much of our market and society. The idea that we can and should feel at home any place on the globe is based on a worldview that celebrates the independent, mobile individual and takes it for granted that men and women are easily separated from family, from home and from the past. But this view isn’t 54 our emotions, for our attachment to home, although often55 , is strong and enduring.41. A. subject B. wealth C. vision D. exchange42. A. transferred B. tied C. reduced D. bridged43. A. globalized B. intense C. exporting D. degrading44. A. transporting B. domestic C. psychological D. administrative45. A. displaced B. suspected C. abused D. monitored46.A. guidance B. emergency C. departure D. justification47. A. misleading B. wearing C. resisting D. facilitating48. A. silence B. restriction C. obstacle D. emotion49. A. temporary B. traditional C. painless D. formal50. A. priority B. alert C. connection D. privacy51. A. overly B. ultimately C. critically D. narrowly52. A. advancement B. suffering C. immediacy D. variety53. A. impossibility B. diversity C. distraction D. scale54. A. in line with B. in addition to C. in honor of D. in need of55. A. distributed B. underestimated C. illustrated D. identifiedSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I still had a few minutes, so l swung into the cafeteria to grab a coffee. That's when I spotted him: a threatening-looking punk rocker with biker leathers and black leather boots.Honestly, his look scared me, so l quickly went out trying to avoid a potential encounter.It was 1988, and I was a “mature" journalism student, heading to my favorite elective: Sociology-Study of Deviance. Our gray-haired professor was a straight shooter. He usually brought in guest speakers who represented “deviance”. Our guest speakers included an outlandish dancer, a tarot-card reader or even an alcohol addict. And when I was curious that day to see who this session’s speaker was, “Mr. punk rocker” walked in.He started to talk in a soft voice and told us he was a university student, who lived with his grandma who needed help in every aspect. Therefore, he moved in with her and helped with the cooking and shopping, cleaning and laundry. He made sure she took her meds and tried to make her laugh at least once a day. He described it as a “win-win” for both of them, but l suspected that it was a lot tougher than he made it sound.And then he said: “l just figure it’s normal for you to feel negative about me because of the way l look. But isn’t that the reason for the existence of such a course named Study of Deviance?”Wow. Just wow.“It's hair and clothing," he said. “I don’t plan to look this way forever, but for now l like it, and do you think it makes me deviant?”Every so often, I think about that young man. He'd be about fifty now and couldn’t realize how he influenced me. Because of his visit that day, my kids were allowed to wear whatever they wanted, as long as it was relatively clean and not morally abusive. They are upright and kind kids although they sometimes surprise us with red hair or strange trousers. And I am also happy that I do my selective of Sociology-Study of Deviance well.56. The underlined word deviance in the passage is closest in meaning to .A. dressing.B. styleC. abnormalityD. maturity57. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the guest speaker is TRUE?A. He was dressed in a frightening way on purpose in order to surprise the students.B. He recognized the author and tried to tutor her during the session.C. He wasn’t aware that many people misjudged him.D. His behaviors didn’t match the appearance he presented.58. Why does the author think she does the course well?A. Because she has learned to enjoy varied fashion styles.B. Because she didn’t miss any of the course sessions.C. Because she knows appearance doesn’t equal one’s quality.D. Because she understands how to educate her kids.(B)The world hosts thousands of exceptional chocolatiers, some of which our magazine is to present to you. And remember that besides ordinary facts like expiration (过期) date or manufacture place, labels bear essential information. If sugar is listed as the main ingredient(原料) on the label, quickly put it down and find a bar in which cocoa shines.Paul Young, London, EnglandAward-winning master chocolatier Paul Young deserves the credits he receives for hiscreativity and mastery with chocolates. Walk into his shop and experience the scent of fresh chocolates. Young is one of the figures who launched the chocolate reform in London, casting aside the sweet British chocolate of the old for the innovative dark chocolate offerings. Try his dark chocolate bars to become a firm chocolate lover.Three locations in London.Que Bo!, Mexico City, MexicoTraditional Mexican flavors come alive in Que Bo! Que Bo! uses only organic ingredients sourced from local producers. Colored truffles(松露) match their star ingredients, such as orange, mango or salt. A major attraction is its open air courtyard shops.Five locations in Mexico City.SOMA Chocolate maker, CanadaThese Toronto chocolate experts present pure chocolate bars made with beans from around the world. The fir truffles, symbolic of the Canadian pines, combine fruity cocoa and natural oils from the fir trees to give the experience of eating chocolate in a pine forest. SOMA also highlights their expertise(专长) in goods like whiskey and ice cream, which serves as its major selling point providing customers with other choices besides chocolates.Two stores and a lab in downtown Toronto.Sprüngli, Zurich, SwitzerlandWith colorful displays of chocolate truffles and sweets, Sprüngli offers the traditional high- end Swiss chocolate experience. This luxury chocolate shop first opened its doors in 1836, the first in Europe according to some. Today, Sprüngli is acclaimed for the chance it offers customers to enjoy coffee and cake in its second-floor café, making the shop a complex of flavor treat.Numerous locations in Zurich.SpagNVola, United StatesSpagNVola husband-and-wife owners oversee entire chocolate process from farm to store, making the shop stand out. First they grow cacao at their farm. The cacao is handpicked, roasted and refined in their Maryland factory before the final products are shown on its shop shelves. Take the free tour to its kitchen and experience the shop’s magic. Their 70 percent chocolate bars represent the true quality of good chocolate.Three outlets in U.S.59. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Young followed the old sweet chocolate fashion and created the new focus on dark chocolate.B. Que Bo! is famous for its excellent indoor atmosphere.C. Soma’s main attraction is that it offers items other than chocolates.D. Sprüngli supplies chocolates to various cafes in the country.60. What do all these chocolate shops have in common?A. Initiating the new chocolate trend.B. Combining fresh ingredients with cocoa.C. Enjoying a long history.D. Having more than one shop in its country.61. SpagNVola excels among its peers because .A. it is run by a coupleB. it controls the whole production processC. customers can visit the shop free of chargeD. it only sells 70 percent pure chocolate bars62. Why do customers need to pay attention to chocolate labels?A. Because only chocolates from the mentioned shops are high quality.B. Because ingredient list should be checked to guarantee the quality of the chocolate.C. Because the price will be listed on the label.D. Because the expiration date is sometimes missing.(C)As Christmas approached, the price of turkey went wild. It didn’t rocket, as some might suggest. Nor did it crash. It just started waving. We live in the age of the variable prices. In the eyes of sellers, the right price—the one that will draw the most profit from consumers’ wallets—has become the focus of huge experiments. These sorts of price experiments have become a routine part of finding that right price.It may come as a surprise that, in buying a pie, you might be participating in a carefully designed social-science experiment. But this is what online comparison shopping has brought. Simply put, the convenience to know the price of anything, anytime, anywhere, has given us, the consumers, so much power that sellers—in a desperate effort to regain the upper hand, or at least avoid extinction—are now staring back through the screen. They are trying to “comparison shopping” us.They have enough means to do so: the huge data tracks you leave behind whenever you place something in your online shopping cart with top data scientists capable of turning the information into useful price strategies, and what one tech economist calls “the ability to experiment on a scale that’s unimaginable in the history of economics.”In result, not coincidentally, normal pricing practices—an advertised discount off the “list price,” two for the price of one, or simply “everyday low prices” are giving way to far more crazystrategies.“In the internet era, I don’t think anyone could have predicted how complicated these strategies have become,” says Robert Dolan, a professor at Harvard. The price of a can of soda in a vending machine can now vary with the temperature outside. The price of the headphones may depend on how budget-conscious your web history shows you to be. The price may even be affected by the price of the mobile phone you use for item search. For shoppers, that means price—not the one offered to you right now, but the one offered to you 20 minutes from now, or the one offered t o me, or to your neighbor—may become an increasingly unknowable thing. “There used to be one price for something,” Dolan notes. Now the true price of pumpkin-pie spice is subject to a level of uncertainty.63. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. When holidays come, prices are usually increased.B. The right price to sellers is the one to bring biggest profits.C. The right price is fixed although it’s hard to find it.D. To buy a pie, customers have to become an expert in economy.64. Sellers stare back through the screen in order to .A. reflect on the effect of the internetB. analyze customers’ online buying history for price strategyC. double check the existence of the purchaseD. find out online where the lowest prices are65. In internet age, what element is NOT likely to affect the price of an item?A. The instant mood of the buyer at the time of purchase.B. The necessity level of the item at the time of purchase.C. The extent to which the buyer is sensitive to the price.D. The price of the facility the buyer uses to look for the item.66. What is the passage mainly about?A. The advantages of online shopping over traditional shopping.B. Measures sellers take to maximize profits.C. The analysis of pricing mechanism.D. The battle between buyers and sellers in internet age.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Even the technical meaning of “good tests” is open to question.B.It’s when I became a test doubter.C.Different groups of people fit different test patterns.D.On all achievement tests, we’re promised beforehand a population that fits a normal curve(曲线).E.This includes judging which expertise to “trust” and defending such choices.F.Time spent on standardized tests is, in many cases, equal to that on study.Recently, there’s been a lot of talk in U.S. about the “data problem.” It ought to give the “data-driven” school reformers pause to reconsider. Maybe we are just creating a bubble that too will burstif we continue to base our actions on the belief that only scores on standardized instruments areevidence of success.67 Margo, a famous commenter, states that at least tests are more “reliable” thanprofessional judgment. How can she tell? We want a nation of citizens who are less ready to thinkthat the “truth” can only be captured in one of four answers—a,b,c, or d. 68 But how can thegeneral trend guarantee the reliability of the score of one particular test-taker? Some educatordares to replace these tests with professional human judgments, which must still rest on a numericalrank order based on a, b, c and d. The big problem is that there is often no technical assurance forthe reliability of such exams. No wonder many big-name psychologists avoid them.All “reliability” tells us is that the student would get a similar score on a similar test if givenat another time or place. But all scores on old or new tests have measurement errors. Like WallStreet’s numbers, we have no independent basis for relying on these scores. Likewise, validity is inthe eye of a certain standard of judgments. How ridiculous it is to say for sure that these judgmentsare justified!When some parents told me that their children seemed to read well, but scored poorly, theyoften believed the indirect evidence, test score, and not the direct evidence, listening to their childrenread. Some parents had been trained to distrust judgment and rely on “real evidence”. My own 8-year-old son also used to “fail” a 3rd grade reading test even though I “knew” he could read fluently.69We need schools that “train” our judgment, which help us become adults who are in the habitof bringing judgment to bear on complex phenomenon. 70 It also involves acknowledgingthat even experts must live with a substantial degree of uncertainty. Only in this way, can we, tosome extent, rely on the results of the school education in the U.S.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The music in youAny party goer can tap her heel to an unfamiliar song without realizing it. Yet when asked on site, she might reply: “Music? I don’t know anything about that.”Maybe you’ve heard a variation on this theme: “I don’t have a musical bone in my body.” Most of us make music publicly just a few times a year, when it’s someone’s birthday and the cake comes out. Privately, it’s a different story. We belt out tunes in the shower and create rhythm tracks on our steering wheel. But when we think about musical expertise, we tend to imagine professionals who specialize in performance, people we’d pay to hear. As for the rest of us, our bumbling private efforts, rather than illustrating that we share an irresistible urge to make music, seem only to demonstrate that we don’t enjoy essential musical capacity.But the more psychologists investigate musicality, the more it seems that nearly all ofus are musical experts, in quite a surprising sense. A lot of the most interesting and substantial elements of musicality are things that we all share. We aren’t talking about instinctive, inborn universals here. Our musical knowledge is the product of long experience; maybe not years spent over an instrument, but a lifetime spent absorbing music from the open window of every passing car.In fact, for all its remarkable power, music is in good company. Many of our feelings are governed by a similar rule. We don’t know how we come to like certain food more than others. We don’t know why we fall in love. Yet in the very act of making these choices we reveal the effects of a host of instinctive mental processes. The fact that we respond to music so naturally and normally actually speaks to its strength and universality.第II 卷（共40 分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 在烟雾的掩护下，她从边门溜走了。

杨浦区2024学年度第一学期高三年级模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2024. 12考生注意：1. 考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。

2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

I. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Silent Book ClubTwo dozen people gathered in a cozy café-bookstore in Minnesota, chatting and laughing with those seated beside them. After ten minutes, the room(1) _____(fall) quiet. Then people opened their books and began to read.(2) _____ most book clubs, the Silent Book Club's Minneapolis chapter doesn't require members to read a specific book. The setup is simple: Bring whatever book you happen (3) _____(read)currently. Quietly read that book for 45 minutes. Then share a bit about the book with others.The clubs attract introverts, bookworms and rebels who resist the idea of spending precious reading time on a book(4) _____ else selected for them. "I hated assigned reading in school, "said Kortney Webster, (5)_____ member of this club since it started in 2019, shaking her head. “Whenever I see the books(6) _____ (recommend)on the reading list, I can't help but turn away from them. "Across the table from her was Matt .Streit, who launched the Minneapolis chapter of(7)_____ has become a global phenomenon. Streit had heard a radio story about the founder of the first silent book club, with (8) _____contact was immediately established. Inspired by the founder's vision, Streit decided to initiate his own chapter of the club. Fortunately, his club, though (9) _____(found)only a year ago, has now over 100 regulars. It has grown organically, attracting media attention and generating buzz on social media without any paid advertising.As Streit has emphasized, the club is for everyone and now it is organized regularly(10) _____ those who are shy can seek a balance of privacy and socialization.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word canTackle Christmas ConflictsMany of us experience pressure to look after others' desires during Christmas to maintain peace. This pressure increases(11)_____ when we strive to make everyone happy, a behavior recognized as"people pleasing", which often comes from childhood experiences where a parent's love was(12) _____ or emotionally inconsistent. People pleasing becomes noticeable during the festive season when spending more time with family.Helen Snape, a healthy relationship coach says that there are signs to help easily (13)_____people pleasing. Some common signs include over-committing, avoiding conflict, and taking blame. Most people pleasers are deeply caring people.“They often make great team players, can read the(14) _____of a room, and are excellent at putting other people at ease, "explains Snape. However, the tendency to please can lead to unbalanced and draining relationships, over-work, and being taken advantage of. And these stresses only get(15) _____ over the festive season.In order to avoid getting sucked into a(n)(16) _____ that you'll later hate, you must identify and communicate your boundaries in advance, advises Snape. For people pleasers, this is hard to do, because they worry it could make the family atmosphere feel oppressive or(17)_____ . Snape advises you remember that, by setting boundaries, you aren't being(18) _____ ;you are actually helping the other person understand what you need, which in the long run will allow that relationship to continue in a healthy way."It's going to feel uncomfortable setting those limits, but you can be well(19)_____that the discomfort is temporary and you will live through it, "Snape says. She recommends managing that emotional discomfort by(20) _____ it between two regulating activities like nature walks, calming music, or talking with friends. Remember, prioritizing your needs enables healthier, happier holidays.Ⅱ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Don't Kick the RobotOver the next decade, our relationships to our devices will become a lot more interesting. Advanced robot companions are extremely well-suited to tap into our social (21)_____ and make us behave as though we're interacting with something alive, What does it mean to be(22) _____or physically violent toward an artificial agent?People have already started to (23) _____ . For example, during the mass(24) _____ of virtual voice assistants, parents expressed concern that the little speakers in their living rooms wereteaching their kids to be rude. Major companies responded by releasing special features that encouraged the use of languages like(25) _____ to prevent children from barking commands at the devices.One 2015 research showed that there's a link between people's tendencies for sympathy and how they feel toward a robot. But that doesn't answer the question of whether beating up robots makes people more(26)_____ . Society has asked similar questions about video games, with some (27)_____ results. Just because I play Grand Theft Auto Game doesn't mean I try to run people over in the car park.Studies show that we behave differently toward embodied robots than characters on a screen, in part because we're biologically hardwired to (28)_____ physical motion. People will (29) _____ treat any agent that moves like it's alive. As robot design gets better, the line between alive and lifelike may continue to(30) _____ in our subconscious minds.If so, maybe it would be great for people to take out their aggression and frustration on human-and animal-like robots that mimic pain. (31)_____ , they aren't harming a living being. On the other hand, it could be bad if it makes people insensitive to violence in other contexts. Would a child who grows up kicking a robot dog find it (32) _____to kick a real dog?Unfortunately, desensitization(脱敏) remains a difficult thing to study.For now, it seems pretty reasonable to keep robot(33)_____ away from little children. But even for the rest of us, maybeit's just not cool to treat an artificial agent poorly. Yes, it's much better than (34)_____a living, breathing being, but why do it at all?As philosopher Vallor argues, it might be worth (35) _____ kindness, instead.21. A. media B. nature C. attitude D. change22. A. orally B. mentally C. emotionally D. physiologically23. A. suffer B. assume C. wonder D. inspect24. A. adjustment B. absence C. awareness D. adoption25. A. please B. sorry C. nasty D. perfect26. A. tolerant B. violent C. mature D. inconsistent27. A. definite B. positive C. inconclusive D. inaccurate28. A. take in B. originate from C. react to D. associate with29. A. readily B. coldly C. eventually D. obviously30. A. emerge B. fade C. cross D. move31. A. In addition B. After all C. In a way D. On the contrary32. A. harder B. funnier C. easier D. worse33. A. exposure B. company C. fancy D. abuse34. A. mistreating B. mismanaging C. misleading D. misunderstanding35. A. suspecting B. replacing C. spreading D. practising Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Dave McNee met Claudia Mandekic 14years ago. When she told McNee how hard it could be to got students excited about math, her favourite discipline, he made n surprising suggestion: "Why not throw in something they enjoy, like sports?"The idea of mixing basketball and mathematics got Its first shot in 2011, when the now colleagues—who had launched a tutoring non-profit—were invited to run a summer- school program for kid who'd failed Grade 9math at Georges Secondary School.When the students showed up for their first day, they weren't exactly excited. Over the next few hours, Mandekie and McNee gave the kids techniques to improve their shooting while also helping them calculate their field-goal percentage —which, in turn, taught them about fractions and decimal(分数和小数)points. At the end of tho game. the winning team was determined based on which group had the highest total percentage and had done the most efficient math. "When the bell rang, they were so fixated on collecting their data and figuring out which team won that they didn't leave, " says Mandekic. "I realized we might be onto something. "The classes, later named BallMatics, soon spread to other schools. "I was terrible at math, "says Douglas, who enrolled in a fast-track summer program. "But once I started BallMatics and realized the sport I loved was directly tied to math, it made me a lot better at it. Every time I played basketball, I was thinking about math. "Almost any math problem, McNee and Mandekic realized, can be taught on the court. Kids can learn how to navigate an X-Y grid to find their next shooting spot or absorb the basic principles of trigonometry based on the angle at which they release the ball. In 2019, McNee and Mandekic established a private high school called Uchenna Academy. At the school, kids with top basketball skills can study all subjects, train at their sport and work part-time helping out with the BallMatics after school programs.Douglas, now 20 and earning a degree in education believes the school's commitment to academics is the key reason it's been a winner. "If we didn't do our work, we weren't playing at the game, "he says, adding that coaches would bench kids who didn't keep up in class. “At Uchenna, we were student athletes, not athlete students. "36. The first two paragraphs are intended to tell the readers __________.A. the origin of BallMaticsB. the challenges facing BallMaticsC. the start of a lifelong friendshipD. the dedication of the young teachers37. What made Mandekic and McNee realize that they "might be onto something'"?A. The students' progress in their mathematic skills.B. The students' changed attitude towards math.C. The data collected about the students' goal percentage.D. The efficiency in determining the winning team.38. What will happen to the kids who don't do well in class according to Douglas?A. They will be forbidden to leave any training session.B. They will be obliged to earn a training degree first.C. They will have to attend classes at a private school.D. They will be banned from playing in the game.39. The best title for the article is __________.A. The Basics of MathB. The Road to SuccessC. A Sports PrincipleD. A Numbers Game(B)All glass starts its journey as silicon-rich sand. Through chemical processes and heating, sand is transformed into melted glass and is shaped into different products. Some thrown-away glass findsnew life In a recycling center. Some end up in landfills, where it may eventually leak into waterways and oceans.When it passes into the ocean, crashes with rocks and other hard objects break up the glass into small pieces before decades or even hundreds of years of water erosion( 腐蚀)create small, smooth glass stones. Although glass possesses hardy qualities, it remains subject to the chemical degradation caused by salt water. The frosty look of sea glass comes not just from water erosion, but also from saltwater's altering effects, creating a distinctive surface.Since the 1970s, with the rise of single-use plastic, less glass is reaching oceans, reducing the number of sea glass pieces found on shores.The Fort Bragg sea glass beaches are made of three 'sites", with site two and three boasting the most glass.BEAUTIFULBEACHDEBRISFort Bragg Beaches in California were once used as a dump site for locals to throw away their rubbish, including glass waste. By 1967, the locals sought new dumping grounds, leaving the trash behind. Over time, the piles of rubbish began to decrease as metal waste was repurposed and biodegradable materials rotted away, leaving only glass.As decades passed, continual impact by ocean waves smoothed and rounded the edges of the glass creating a frosted sea glass beach. The Fort Bragg Glass Beach is now under the protection of MacKerricher State Park, and removing any of the glass is prohibited.40. Which step describes how glass waste becomes rounded and smoothed?A. Step 2.B. Step 3.C. Step 4.D. Step 6.41. What happens to thrown-away glassware that does not enter the recycling process?A. It is used as building materials.B. It rots away due to exposure to sea water.C. It is melted and shaped into new items.D. It usually finds its way into the ocean.42. A group of students are researching the history of the Fort Bragg Glass Beach. They have arranged the major events in time order. Which of the following best reflects this order?①It became a deserted place.②It was declared a protected zone.③It was covered with only glass.④It served as a glass jewelry workshop.⑤It was used as a natural dump site.A. ⑤②①④B. ①⑤③④C. ⑤①③②D. ①②⑤③(C)Neurodiversity is a term that refers to the natural range of differences in people's brains. The neurodiversity movement says that the brains that wander from the average within that rangeshouldn't be dismissed as insufficient automatically. The term dates back to the autism(自闭症)community in the 1990s, though it's now applied to all sorts of mental differences. In the past, "autism was widely seen as an individual medical tragedy, "says Robert Chapman, a neurodivergent(脑功能异于常人的)philosopher with autism, "The only hope for autistic people and our families, it was thought, was that we would one day be fixed through behavioral or biomedical intervention. "Neurodiversity challenges that notion. Rather than assuming, for instance, that an autistic person's struggles to find a job are the result of some internal shortcoming, neurodiversity research considers the existence of external explanations. The barriers to autistic employment emerge from the environment, not only the individual.Studies from 2022 and 2023 have shown that many autistic people are prosocial and skilled at seeing others' perspectives, while neurodiversity advocates stress it takes two to communicate. Though autistic people may struggle to understand a neurotypical perspective, neurotypical people may struggle to understand an autistic perspective, making it a "double empathy(共情)problem".This thread of research is already having an impact, helping autism interventions like the"social stories"technique take off. This intervention, which introduces autistic children to common social situations, works by facilitating communication between neurodivergent and neurotypical individuals, with a focus on supporting children, rather than"fixing"them.The technique is consistent with what autistic individuals advocate for themselves. An assessment of the funding of recent autism research revealed the majority was directed toward the biological causes of autism, while the minority was directed toward services, support and education. However, members of the autistic community felt the funding failed to reflect their priorities and wouldn't have any effect on everyday lives.Crucially, the neurodiversity movement allows neurodivergent people to transform their thinking about themselves. “The dominant medicalized narrative suggested that being autistic made me somehow tragic, broken, and in need of fixing"Chapman writes in his 2023 book. “This was why I found discovering neurodiversity movement, which offered a different analysis, so liberating. "43. According to neurodiversity movement, the main cause of autistic people's struggle to function in society isA. an imbalance between research funding and public awarenessB. a mismatch between their abilities and their surroundingsC. the internal shortcomings autistic people are born withD. the barriers from behavioral or biomedical interventions44. Which of the following statements about the"social stories"technique is TRUE?A. It is aimed at fixing the autistic children's behavioral problems.B. It focuses on teaching neurotypical individuals about autistic people.C. It is based on the theory that neurodivergent people can be prosocial.D. It works by putting neurodivergent people into common social situations.45. What can be inferred about Robert Chapman?A. He believes being autistic is a life-long tragedy.B. He has been fixed through bio-medical intervention.C. He is bothered by the negative narrative surrounding autism.D. He thinks autistic people can be liberated from the movement.46. The main purpose of the article is to _______.A. introduce the effective treatment methods for autismB. explain the history and significance of the neurodiversity movementC. argue for the necessity of promoting the neurodiversity movementD. criticize the wrong focus of research in understanding autismSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentencesDisliking Vegetables Can Rub off on OthersScientists have long been interested in why some people like vegetables and why others don't, when eating greens is good for you. (47)_________ Apparently, watching someone eating vegetables and visibly disliking them could put you off them a bit too.A research team set about investigating how the facial expressions that people make as they eat affect a person watching them. They asked more than 200 women to watch videos of other adults eating raw broccoli. The people in the videos would have different expressions while eating. They would smile, look neutral or look sickened by what they were tasting. The study found that watching people react with strong dislike to the broccoli reduced how much the women liked it.(48) _________Humans learn which behaviours will benefit them, including eating, by watching the reactions of others. (49) _________ Scientists think that people might avoid food that appears sickening because it could help to protect them from eating something that tastes bad or could be dangerous.Although the research only focused on adults, experts think the results could also apply to children. This means that if children saw their parents, brothers or sisters not enjoying certainfoods, including vegetables, they might not want to eat them either. (50) _________ Understanding more about how adults' behaviour influences children's enjoyment of food could help to find ways to encourage young people to eat more of the foods that are good for them.III. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Smart Paint to Heat or CoolScientists in the US have developed a special paint that offers a simple and colorful way to prevent houses from overheating. Normally, the exterior of a house absorbs heat from the sun, which raises the indoor temperature. The new paint, however, is engineered to reflect the sun's heat off the outside of the house, which means the interior doesn't heat up as much in the first place.There are other types of reflective paint, but the new one is the first to focus on mid-infrared light, which is a type of light that the human eye cannot see but that people feel as warmth. The special paint works by reflecting up to 80%of the sun's mid- infrared light. That's 10 times more than regular paint. The base layer of the paint contains metal flakes that function like a mirror to reflect mid-infrared light. The top layer contains color particles, which make the paint blue, green, orange, purple, red, or yellow. The paint is waterproof and works well in different weather conditions.Nearly 90%of all US households use air-conditioning, which requires a lot of electricity. In fact, cooling residences accounts for 6%of all electricity use in the US and costs Americans about $29 billion a year. Preventing homes from heating up as much will reduce the need for air-conditioning to pump cool air into the building. In addition to cooling a house in hot summer months, the paint can also keep a home warm in the winter. When it is used on the walls indoors, it reflects the mid-infrared light back into the room, keeping the warmth in.According to the paint's creators, using it can reduce the amount of energy it takes to cool a house by nearly 21%. In cold conditions, it can cut the energy needed to warm a room by 36%. All is good news not only for people who care about the environment but also for those worrying about their electricity or heating bills.IV. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 面对不公，他毫不犹豫地挺身而出，捍卫正义。

上海奉贤区2024年高三下学期第一次统练（期末）英语试题试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．The popularity of government posts has dropped in recent years, though the civil service jobs are still favored by the Chinese as they offer a _______ stable career.A．relatively B．regularlyC．roughly D．rigidly2．Martin Luther King, Jr. put it that peace is not merely a distant goal that we seek, but a means _____we arrive at that goal.A．that B．where C．by which D．with which3．______ far in the contest, we are so disappointed.A．Not getting B．Not to getC．Not having got D．Not got4．Some analysts suspected that the rebellion was _______ and financed by a western country.A．launched B．backed C．evaluated D．crushed5．— I wonder what makes you a good salesperson.—I ________ as a waiter for three years,which contributes a lot to my today’s work.A．serve B．servedC．have served D．had served6．Yet _______ in the process of development did they stop to consider the impact of their “progress” on nature.A．in no time B．at no pointC．as likely as not D．more often than not7．________ an increase in foreign legal conflicts，China is expected to see the number continue to rise．A．To witness B．Being witnessedC．Witnessed D．Having witnessed8．--- Are you free now? I have something interesting to tell you.---OK, you make it short I will have to work on this term paper due tomorrow.A．now that B．as soon asC．every time D．as long as9．The problem lies in______ we’re now giving him a fish, not teaching him how to fish.A．what B．thatC．which D．if10．The new playground to be built next year will be ____________ the old one.A．as three times big as B．three times as big asC．as big as three times D．as big three times as11．—Jenny, how was your trip to Beijing?—Oh, I missed it. I wish I ________ my vacation there.A．am spending B．will spend C．have spent D．had spent12．When you are dressed in the latest style, dancing to the most fashionable music after watching the latest film, you feel great,______?A．aren't you B．don't you C．do you D．are you13．—________! Somebody has left the lab door open.—Don’t look at me.A．Hi, there B．Dear meC．Thank goodness D．Come on14．Mr. Smith didn’t understand _____ made his son so upset that evening.A．what was it B．why it was this C．how that was D．what it was that15．Some schools, including ours, will have to make ________ in agreement with the national soccer reform. A．amusements B．adjustmentsC．appointments D．achievements16．Good news! We didn’t spend we had expected.A．as half much money as B．much money as half asC．as much money as half D．half as much money as17．．When he goes out, he often wears sunglasses _______nobody can recognize him．A．so that B．now that C．in case D．as though18．In order to make my composition clearer and smoother, my teacher asked me to _________ the unnecessary words and sentences.A．leave alone B．leave behindC．leave off D．leave out19．Lisa wouldn’t ________ the job any more. She had a big argument with her boss and resigned.A．come up with B．keep up withC．make up with D．put up with20．A mother recognizes the feel of her child’s skin when blindfolded. _________, she can instantly identify her baby’s cry.A．Similarly B．MeanwhileC．Nevertheless D．Accordingly第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

普陀区2022学年第二学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Her working all day long. B.The gathering of friends.C.The annoying housework.D.The busy schedule.2.A.He likes cooking food himself. B.She thinks frozen food is unhealthy.C.He accepts the woman’s invitation.D.She prefers eating outside.3.A.The movie is not suitable for kids. B.The kids like Spider Man.C.The kids were frightened by the movie.D.The movie is quite boring.4.A.Tom invites Susan to his wedding. B.Tom will get married to Susan.C.Susan invites both Tom and Anna.D.Anna will attend Tom’s wedding.5.A.She is drinking tea. B.She likes reading magazines.C.She doesn’t like the pictures.D.She doesn’t know any Japanese.6.A.1hour. B.2hours. C.3hours. D.4hours.7.A.Supermarket. B.Drug store.C.Barber shop.D.The other side of the street.8.A.The bad weather stopped him. B.His shoes were worn out.C.He didn’t like the hiking trip.D.He was too tired to continue.9.A.A full-time student. B.An exchange student.C.A visiting scholar.D.A part-time student.10.A.He is talkative. B.He is bossy.C.He is confident.D.He is trustworthy.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following recording.11.A.The brain function of the mouse.B.The result of a study on mice.C.The way of learning and memorizing.D.The relationship between sleep and health.12.A.Sleep problem. B.Brain disease.C.Cell space.D.Brain structure.13.A.Brain diseases are difficult to solve.B.The reason why scientists and philosophers argue.C.Scientists search for better ways to treat brain diseases.D.The brain of a mouse is the same as that of a human.Questions14through16are based on the following recording.14.A.Protecting against junk food.B.Selling more junk food to people.C.Displaying little junk food on TV or in movies.D.Showing people happily eating unhealthy food.15.A.Because people want to be beautiful.B.Because good-looking people talk a lot.C.Because good-looking people buy a lot of products.D.Because good appearance is associated with products.16.A.He’s the boss of the BBC. B.He sells products to the BBC.C.He doesn't like any advertisements.D.He trusts anyone who admits mistakes.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.A thunderstorm accident. B.A cable problem.C.The quality of television.D.A computer system breakdown.18.A.Lightning. B.Power cut.C.Faulty wiring.D.System failure.19.A.Wait at home. B.Keep the cable disconnected.C.Keep the TV on.D.Call the cable center for help.20.A.On Saturday morning. B.On Saturday afternoon.C.On Tuesday morning.D.On Tuesday afternoon.II.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Intentional Travel for the CuriousFor those seeking a different adventure around every corner,the state of Florida doesn’t disappoint.Sun lovers will be fascinated by hundreds of miles of white-sand beaches(21)______they can enjoy themselves in the rays and explore aquatic(水生的)life.Naturalists can get lost in ecological wonders(22)______naturalists search the forests for local wildlife or hike some of the country’s most beautiful trails.No matter your passion,look no farther than the Sunshine State(23)______(satisfy)your scientific and cultural curiosities.Do you want the perfect combination of excitement and relaxing breaks?(24)______(locate)on Florida’s East Coast,Daytona Beach is full of things to do,places to see,and experiences of a lifetime.It is the ideal combination of physical and natural world(25)______promises to make visitors return again and again.When it comes to Florida,people often think of the beaches—and Daytona Beach has some of the best.Daytona Beach(26)______(bless)with23miles of beautiful white-sand beaches.This expansive stretch is one of the few places in the country that you(27)______actually take a drive on the beach—an activity that all who visit Daytona Beach should entertain.Take in the sights and(28)______(breathe)in the fresh air as you leisurely drive down the beach.Or park your car and grab a towel to be in the sun and perhaps enjoy(29)______(explore)Daytona Beach’s offshore reef system.To experience more of the natural world,visit Blue Spring State Park.It is where hundreds of manatees(海牛)seek warm-water shelter from late fall through early spring.Want more exposure to aquatic animals?Ecotourism is one of the best ways to see Florida’s(30)______(impressive)species.The family will love the Marine Science Center,which has a rare fish touch pool and bird observation tower.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.confirmedB.measurableC.previouslyD.determineE.trackingF.habitableG.virtuallyH.sensitiveI.protectJ.surprisedK.systemA New Exoplanet in the SystemIn2014,data from NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope allowed astronomers to announce the detection of three planets orbiting Kepler-138.This was based on a(31)______dip in starlight as the planet momentarily passed in front of their star,a transit.Benneke and his colleague Diana Dragomir,from the University of New Mexico,came up with the idea of re-observing the planetary(32)______with the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes between2014and2016to catch more transits of Kepler-138d,the third planet in the system,in order to study its atmosphere.While earlier NASA Kepler space telescope observations only showed transits of three small planets around Kepler-138,Piaulet and her team were(33)______to find that the Hubble and Spitzer observations suggested the presence of a fourth planet in the system,Kepler-138e.This newly found planet is small and farther from its star than the three others,taking38days to complete an orbit. The planet is in the(34)______zone of its star,a temperate region where a planet receives just the right amount of heat from its cool star to be neither too hot nor too cold to allow the presence of liquid water.Observing the exoplanet’s transit would have allowed astronomers to(35)_______its size.With Kepler-138e,the masses of the(36)______known planets were measured again via the transit timing-variation method,which consists of(37)______small variations in the precise moments of the planets’transits in front of their star caused by the gravitational pull of other nearby planets.The researchers had another surprise:they found that the two water worlds Kepler-138c and d are twin planets,with (38)______the same size and mass,while they were previously thought to be greatly different.The closer-in planet, Kepler-138b,on the other hand,is(39)______to be a small Mars-mass planet,one of the smallest exoplanets known to date.“As our instruments and techniques become(40)______enough to find and study planets that are farther from their stars,we might start finding a lot more water worlds like Kepler-138c and d,”Benneke concluded.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“Challenge-based learning is often focused on the challenges that have global impact.The students,who(41) ______the challenge,often don’t know what the solution will be.The facilitator is keeping them from(42)______a solution too early,and encourages to analyze the challenge from multiple points of view,and from different scientific perspectives,”says Vilma Sukacke,a researcher at Kaunas University of Technology(KTU),Lithuania.Such a learning approach is very fitting to sustainability education,which,according to various scholars,(43) ______a contextual,problem-oriented,reflective,interdisciplinary(跨学科),collaborative,participatory,and empowered learning environment.In other words,educators have to(44)______from more traditional teacher-centred education to becoming instructional designers of student-centred education.Aiming to evaluate the(45)______of such approaches,a group of researchers from Lithuanian,Danish,German, Portuguese and Spanish universities conducted a systematic literature review,(46)______the three active learning methods,i.e.,project-,problem-and challenge-based learning according to the ADDIE(analysis,design,development, implementation,and evaluation)framework.(47)______the educators agree that problem-based learning(PBL),project-based learning(PJBL)and,more recently,challenge-based learning(CBL)are efficient in teaching the students to(48)______technology in real-life situations and improving their transversal(横向)skills,such as teamwork,communication and conflict resolution,the application of these methods in the classroom may be challenging for both sides.“In my practice,I have noticed that sometimes students are(49)______innovative learning methods and are considering them as a sort of a game.As these classes often take place in a playful environment,full of different pencils, colorful notes and building blocks,it’s difficult for the students to take them(50)______.Therefore,it’s very important to(51)______the methods and the goals to the learners very clearly,”says Professor Saule Petroniene from KTU Faculty of Social Sciences,Arts and Humanities,a co-author of the study.According to her,to successfully apply unconventional teaching methods is a challenge for a beginning teacher. However,this effort(52)______,especially when students continue their activities outside school and focus on solving (53)______social problems.Researchers believe that the(54)______of CBL,PJBL,and PBL requires a paradigm(范式)shift,where organization,staff and students change their view to education and learning.In this process,both teachers and students need to apply new skills and(55)______roles that they might not have needed before.41.A.allow B.introduce C.accept D.expect42.A.carrying on B.focusing on C.applying for D.inquiring about43.A.cares about B.tells of C.turns to D.calls for44.A.shift B.differ C.suffer D.learn45.A.outcome B.efficiency C.impact D.value46.A.exploring B.applying C.modifying D.explaining47.A.Whether B.As long as C.Although D.Because48.A.develop B.include C.associate D.integrate49.A.approving B.questioning C.preventing D.adopting50.A.affectionately B.calmly C.seriously D.coolly51.A.transfer B.change municate D.express52.A.pays off B.goes away C.gives off D.breaks down53.A.subjective B.real C.imaginary D.virtualbination anization C.realization D.cooperation55.A.take on B.put away C.send for D.deal withSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Mona Lisa,also called Portrait of Lisa Gherardini,wife of Francesco del Giocondo,Italian La Gioconda,or French La Joconde,oil painting on a wood panel by Leonardo da Vinci,is probably the world’s most famous painting.It was painted sometime between1503and1519,when Leonardo was living in Florence,and it now hangs in the Louvre Museum,Paris,attracting people throughout the world to see it in the21st century.The sitter’s mysterious smile and her unproven identity have made the painting a source of ongoing investigation and fascination.But at least a dozen excellent copies of the Mona Lisa exist,many of them by Leonardo’s students.One such copy at the Prado Museum in Madrid was thought to have been painted years after the original.However,during the restoration of the painting in the early2010s,which included using advanced reflexology to examine the work beneath the surface,conservators discovered that the painting had changes that mirrored those of the original.The findings suggested that the artist—likely one of the master’s assistants—painted the copy as Leonardo worked on the Mona Lisa in his studio.Thus,“the Prado version”became the only known copy completed during Leonardo’s lifetime. Conservators cleaned the entire painting and removed its black background,revealing a detailed landscape resembling Leonardo’s version and vibrant colors,possibly arousing those of the original before the paint applied by early restorers darkened over time.Other copies of the Mona Lisa include so-called Isleworth Mona Lisa,which some critics claim is da Vinci’s first edition.The claim was a controversial one,with several leading Leonardo scholars flatly denying it.Numerous interpretations,often referred to as Monna Vanna,also exist and were likely completed by Leonardo’s students with occasional input from their master.In June,a copy of the Mona Lisa is said to have been sold for a record2.9million euros(22million yuan)at Christie’s in Paris.The copy is believed to have been made by a follower of Leonardo da Vinci in the early17th century and later was purchased by Harkin in1953from an art dealer in Nice,France,hence it got the name Heggin’s Mona Lisa. High imitation is also worth money!As the art investment market heats up,various art reproductions continue to emerge. Collectors have not shut out these fine copies,some of which have not only made it into the house,but also sold for high prices.Is it really worth it to pay a high price for an art reproduction?This issue is getting more and more attention from collectors.56.What can we learn about Mona Lisa in Para.1?A.This painting has been sold out.B.Her smile and identity arouse people’s curiosity.C.The painting is said to be hanging in Florence now.D.The painting was created by Leonardo da Vinci in France.57.What does“the Prado version”refer to in the passage?A.All the restored copies.B.The works of early restorers.C.A copy from the Prado Museum.D.An excellent copy of da Vinci.58.Why don’t collectors turn away these wonderful reproductions?A.Because of the entertainment.B.Because of the love for painters.C.Because of the short supply.D.Because of the high returns.59.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A.Mona LisaB.Other Mona LisasC.Mona Lisa’s SmileD.Mona Lisa’s ValueIf you really want to see all that Yellowstone Park has to offer,it would take you a lifetime!However,most of us do not have a lifetime to spend in Yellowstone,but in2-3full days,you will be able to hit most of the highlights.There is no such thing as racing around the park.Yellowstone has154miles of a main highway,known as the Grand Loop Road.The general park speed limit is45miles per hour but in normal traffic,you will be lucky to average30miles per hour.Figure at least an hour of driving time for every thirty miles of distance.If you plan to get off the bus and visit the park,it will take at least1.2to2hours at almost every stop.In addition,there will be any number of unscheduled stops,such as waiting for wild animals to cross the roadA suggested starting point for your tour of Yellowstone National Park is to enter through the South Gate,which is approximately sixty-two miles north of Jackson,Wyoming.Everyone comes to Yellowstone to see Old Faithful. Although,not the largest geyser(间歇泉)to erupt in the Park,it is the most reliable regarding the time of eruption.The time of the eruption,the length of the eruption and the height of the eruption vary from year to year.As you enter the Park,ask the Park Information Office if he has information on the expected times for the eruption of Old Faithful.As you drive north on the Grand Loop Road,keep an eye out for wildlife.At Grant Village Junction,turn left(west) and head toward Old Faithful Village.Once at Old Faithful Village,take some time to walk around the boardwalks and visit some of the many other geysers in the Upper Geyser Basin.Include the1.4-mile walk to Morning Glory Pool,one of the most colorful thermal(热能)features in all of Yellowstone.And do not forget to visit the Old Faithful Inn,which is the single most impressive human structure in Yellowstone.Continue on north and visit the Lower Geyser Basin.The area is scattered andfeatures regularly erupting geysers,hot springs,and a fascinating mud pool.Afterleaving the Lower Geyser Basin,continue north to Norris Junction and stay to theright to travel to Norris Geyser Basin.One of Yellowstone’s most popular geyserbasins,Norris is home to one of the Park’s most popular geysers and Steamboat.Inaddition,there are several miles of boardwalks from which you can explore dozensof multi-colored thermal features.A.Some people live in parks all their lives.B.Hardly anyone can see the whole park.C.The park can provide you with everything.D.It’s enough to spend a few days in the park.61.What does the underlined phrase“unscheduled stops”refer to?A.The walking speed of wild animals being affected.B.Travelers’stopping and going in the park.C.The vehicles’being parked in the proper area.D.The traffic’s stopping to make way for wild animals.62.Which of the following travel maps is true according to Paragraph4-5?A. B. C. D.The world is wasting the opportunity to“build back better”from the Covid-19pandemic,and faces disastrous temperature rises of at least2.7℃if countries fail to strengthen their climate commitments,according to a report from the UN.Tuesday’s publication warns that countries’current commitments would reduce carbon by only about7.5%by2030, far less than the45%cut,which scientists say is needed to limit global temperature rises to1.5℃,the aim of the Cop26 summit that opens in Glasgow this Sunday.António Guterres,the UN secretary-general,described the findings as a“thundering wake-up call”to world leaders, while experts called for action against fossil fuel companies.Although more than100countries have promised to reach net zero emissions around mid-century,this would not be enough to avoid climate disasters,according to the UN emissions report,which examines the shortfall between countries’intentions and actions needed on the climate.Many of the net zero commitments were found to be unclear,and unless accompanied by strict cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially disastrous extent.Guterres said:“The heat is on,and as the contents of the report show,the leadership we need is off.Far off. Countries are wasting a massive opportunity to invest Covid-19finance and recovery resources in sustainable, cost-saving,planet-saving ways.As world leaders prepare for Cop26,this report is another thundering wake-up call. How many do we need?”Inger Andersen,the director of the UN Environment Programme(UNEP)said:“Climate change is no longer a future problem.It is a now problem.To stand a chance of limiting global warming to1.5℃,we have8years to almost halve greenhouse gas emissions:8years to make the plans,put in place the policies,carry them out and deliver the cuts. The clock is ticking loudly.”Emissions fell by about5.4%last year during Covid lockdowns,the report found,but only about one-fifth of the economic recovery spending goes towards reducing carbon emissions.This failure to“build back better”despite promises by governments around the world cast doubt on the world’s willingness to make the economic shift necessary to settle the climate crisis,the UN said.In the run-up to Cop26,countries were supposed to submit national plans to cut emissions–called nationally determined contributions(NDCs)–for the next decade,a requirement under the2015Paris climate agreement.But the UNEP report found only half of countries had submitted new NDCs,and some governments had presented weak plans.63.Why were the findings described as a“thundering wake-up call”in Para.3?A.Because the world has failed to deliver on its current promises.B.Because the serious problems were brought about by global fossil fuels.C.Because a global temperature rise of at least2.7℃would be a disaster.D.Because the opportunities presented by covid-19have been wasted.64.According to the author,in what circumstances is global warming avoidable?A.New plans will be made to protect the environment.B.Measures will be taken to reduce emissions in the coming ten years.C.Transitions will be made in response to the global climate crisis.D.Global sustainable environmental resources will be greatly developed.65.What is the author’s purpose in saying“How many do we need?”in Para.5?A.To show the number of alarm clocks required.B.To inquire the number of the countries attending the meeting.C.To explain the reason for the world’s wasting chances.D.To stress the need to save energy and reduce emissions.66.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Few countries have submitted plans to reduce the emissions.B.Most of the countries work under the Paris Climate Agreement.C.Plans to cut emissions of many countries are far from satisfactory.D.Much progress in reducing emissions has been made these years.Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.When it rains,water falling on the roof soon flows to the courtyard.B.Many of their houses are well-preserved today,especially in Xidi and Hongcun.C.To talk about Huizhou culture,we must first understand Huizhou.D.People carved beautiful patterns and historical stories on the walls,windows and wooden posts of their houses.E.Features of Huizhou houses display the characteristics of local people.F.Huizhou people have established many schools in the field of culture.Huizhou Architecture Comes to LifeHuizhou has a long history.When successful Huizhou businessmen got old,they often went back to their hometown and built houses to spend their remaining years.(67)__________Now,walking along the bluestone streets there, visitors can appreciate the distinctive Huizhou-style houses,featuring white walls,dark tiles(瓦片)and layered horse-head roofs,and feel like they are lost in a traditional Chinese ink painting.Huizhou architecture,with its long tradition and great diversity,occupies an important place in Chinese architectural landscape,says Zhang Wangnan,director of the China Huizhou Culture Museum in Huangshan.Huizhou houses tend to be built on the natural places,since Huizhou is a mountainous area with few flat areas of land,according to Zhang.Moreover,daylight is valued in Huizhou houses,reflected in the building of open interior courtyards,allowing sunshine to enter the rooms.“Huizhou businessmen also believed that water symbolizes wealth.(68)__________It stands for keeping windfall profits,”says Zhang.Huizhou is famous for its stone,wood and brick carvings,which are widely used to decorate local houses.“(69) __________In this way,they integrate their aesthetic(审美)values and emotions into the buildings,making them more beautiful and educating their children through the meanings contained in the patterns,”says Zhang.(70)__________“If you look at the outside of a Huizhou house,it seems simple,enclosed by walls,but the insides are open and broad,with complicated decorations.It is just like Huizhou people,who are often reserved toward strangers but friendly when you get to know them,”says Zhang.He also says that Ming houses differ from those of the Qing Dynasty in many aspects,for example,having fewer horse-head roofs and less complicated carvings.IV.Summary Writing71.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.How to Stay Healthy in AutumnIn recent days,the weather in most regions is no longer hot,and people can relax and enjoy the cool autumn. However,there is a big gap in temperature in the morning and evening,and the air is also drier.All of these factors can lead to dry mouth and nose,sore throat,dry cough,dry hair loss and other symptoms.People are more likely to get sick during the seasonal change from summer through autumn.So,here are some tips to keep you healthy and comfortable into the winter months.Do eat watery food.According to traditional Chinese medicine,autumn corresponds to the lungs of the human body. Pay attention to wet lungs in dry weather.The most convenient and easy way to protect lungs in autumn is to drink more water.In addition,you can adopt the diet therapy of traditional Chinese medicine,eating some watery food,like pear and duck meat.Do have easily digested food.People’s spleen(脾)and stomach functions are weakened because of the raw and cold food they had during the long,hot summer.So in autumn,you should give your spleen and stomach a rest.For example, you can choose some nutritious food that is easy to digest to eat,such as fish and red bean.Be sure to take vitamin supplements.Vitamins play an important role in the body’s immune system.The number and vitality of immune cells are related to vitamins when the body resists foreign invasion.It is recommended that you eat plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C,such as kiwi and oranges.Sleep is an important means for people to restore their physical strength,ensure their health and enhance their immunity.In autumn,it is suggested that you go to bed at9pm,or try to fall asleep before11o’clock.If you sleep at this time,it is great for your body and you can get a good quality of sleep.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.不要乱扔垃圾，你会被罚款的。

杨浦区2023学年度第一学期高三模拟质量调研高三年级英语学科试卷2023.12考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

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I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.Receptionist and guest. B.Manager and employee.C.Lecturer and student.D.Mechanic and customer.2. A.Keep them in the closet.B.Donate them to her university.C.Sell them to Sally at a low price.D.Give them away to a second-hand shop.3. A.It is too late to sign up for the course.B.Learning the basics is more fun.C.The woman is not ready to learn coding.D.The woman should do exercises.4. A.Alice will drive Jack to the airport.B.Alice will cook something for Jack.C.Jack will be away for quite some time.D.Jack has missed the meal at the airport.5.$84. B.$82. C.$72. D.$80.6. A.She is not good at typing on the computer.B.She shops online less often than before.C.She is incapable of writing the report.D.She is not as busy as she claims.7. A.Because she forgot which room she had stayed.B.Because she thought she had been wrongly accused.C.Because she had left her credit card in the room.D.Because she wanted to make sure what items she had broken.8. A.Excited. B.Annoyed. C.Confused. D.Relaxed.9. A.Wear something formal for the occasion.B.Bring the copies of her exam certificates.C.Behave casually during the whole process.D.Prepare a smart device for registration.10.A.He has learned to use the system by reading the manual.B.He will teach the woman the new tricks himself.C.It is not difficult to learn to use the new system.D.It is possible that the rocket project will be stopped.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.Native people. wyers in Britain.C.Non-humans.D.Children in Wales.12.A.They focus on better ways to tackle climate change.B.They forbid other creatures to use trees for food or shelter.C.They recognize the legal rights of the whole natural system.D.They protect things humans find interesting like trees and pets.13.A.Defending native cultures by law.ing laws to protect nature.C.Fighting the loss of biodiversity.ing technology to protect the environment.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.They can make us focus on the task at hand.B.They serve as proof of what we have achieved.C.They provide us with guidance to accomplish the tasks.D.They can serve as a means to drown out our anxiety.15.A.We perform the tasks on the lists quickly.B.We tend to forget about the warm-up tasks.C.The less anxious we are,the sooner we complete the tasks.D.We remember the unfinished tasks better than the finished ones.16.A.What we include in to-do lists.B.When we improve productivity.C.Why our brains love lists.D.How we connect lists with tasks.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.She turned in a business proposal to the company.B.She informed the company of her decision to quit.C.She discussed her future plan with the man.D.She helped the man work independently in the new office.18.A.At the heart of a neighborhood.B.Near the entrance to the old company.C.At the center of a night market.D.Not far from the MRT station.19.A.A place has been rented for the business.B.The date has been set to open the business.C.Preparation work has been completed.D.A contract has been signed with business partners.20.A.Invest his savings in her drink stand.B.Treat coworkers to a drink at her stand.C.Buy drinks regularly at the stand.D.Pay full prices for the discounted drinks.II.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Going Hungry in the Land of the RichThe United States is one of the world’s wealthiest countries.Despite this,many Americans struggle just to put healthy food,or any food at all,on the table every day. One might think that a food shortage(21)_________(happen)in America,but this is not the case.There is more than sufficient food for everyone,40%of(22)________ is unfortunately,wasted every day.There are many different ways food(23)________ (waste):farmers only pick the crops,deliveries aren’t made on time, supermarkets throw out extra products,customers buy more than they need,and so on. The highest level of wastage tends to happen in the richest communities.Meanwhile,people who live in poor or rural areas often have little or no access to food.These areas are called“food deserts.”They have fewer supermarkets,and the only food options that they(24)________afford are often unhealthy ones.Healthy foods(25)________________fresh fruits and vegetables may be impossible to find. Sadly,12.8%of the American population live in food deserts.What can we do to help(26)________who don’t have enough food?Shirley and Annie Zhu came up with a solution.In2017,when Hurricane Harvey destroyed over 100,000homes in their city,Houston,the sisters got involved.(27)_______helping to clear water from a flooded supermarket,they saw a huge amount of food being wasted.At the same time,thousands of people in the city didn't have enough(28) ________(eat).The girls set up Fresh Hub with10of their classmates,(29)________(hope)to do something to help.They created an app which could be used by residents to find out(30)_______fresh food was available.Then they contacted local farmers and supermarkets to ask for their extra food.To date,Fresh Hub has delivered more than 15,000pounds of food to people in need.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.normallyB.boostC.sustainD.gainsE.assessingF.substantiallyG.effortsH.mixedI.surprisingJ.anticipateK.assignedYour Social-Media Detoxes（脱瘾治疗）Probably Aren’t Helping YouWe’ve all heard the supposed benefits of unplugging from digital devices,even for24hours.Such breaks are said to(31)_________self-confidence,reduce social competitiveness and fears of missing out,and make room for more-enriching, in-person interactions.Yet studies exploring those effects have produced(32) ________results.So a global research team set out to systematically test the idea that social media detoxing delivers meaningful psychological(33)_________.The researchers recruited600undergraduate students in three places:the United States,the United Kingdom,and Hong Kong.All participants were randomly(34) _________to keep away from social media on either the first or the second day of a two-day experiment.On the other day,they were to interact with digital platforms as they(35)________would.Each evening they answered survey questions aimed at (36)________various aspects of well-being.Contrary to the researchers’expectations,the one-day detox made no noticeable impact on positive or negative emotions,self-confidence,or daily satisfaction.When it did have an effect,it decreased daily satisfaction and social relatedness,although the changes were not significant once the analysis was adjusted to control for gender.Just as(37) _________,people didn’t use the time freed up from looking at screens for other forms of socializing.In fact,they reported(38)________lower levels of face-to-face, phone,and email interactions on detoxing days.Even short social-media breaks can be hard to(39)_______—indeed,only half the participants in the experiment did what was required and these results suggest that they may not be worth the(40)_______.“We did not find any evidence that social media detoxing for one day had significant positive impacts on psychological well-being,”the researchers write.II.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Often,we know what makes us happy...but,despite this,often we don’t put the theory into action.Why do I(the person who tells you that taking breaks(41) ________stress and makes you more efficient)sit at my computer eating my lunch?I know this is unhelpful for me,so what on earth is going on?It all started at a time of huge pressure when I was training,and I began eating my lunch at my desk to(42) ________time.I did it over and over again until it became(43)________to my brain.My brain will choose this route by default（默认情况下）,because it is the mostlearned behaviour.Something in my office(44)_________(probably my stomach rumbling(发咕咕声)will send a signal to my brain that it’s lunchtime,and I will pick up my sandwich and eat it with very little(45)________.It is a no-brainer to my brain;it’s just what it does.Habits don’t(46)________new learning from the brain;they are stored as a sequence of activities in the brain.The brain adds a routine of behaviours together so they all happen(47)________in sequence when activated by a signal(that rumbling stomach)to get us to a reward(my lunch),which(48)________strengthens that learned behaviour.Your brain uses habits to(49)________effort and save energy, and will default to these behaviours when signalled.How can we build happiness habits into our lives?Step1:What is it that you want to doDecide what you want to(50)________as small daily habits.Next,think about how and when you will do this.(51)________,consider the habits that affect happiness negatively and that you want to break.Like me,do you want to(52)________eating lunch at your desk and get outside instead?Step2:Be(53)________about your whyWhat will you gain from this new happiness habit?Why is it important to you?This helps you to want to make the effort to break your default habits.Step3:Be specificDecide when specifically you will(54)________your new habit and what you will do—for example,“I want to go for a walk to connect with nature at lunchtime.”Start as small as you can,because this is more likely to be achievable,repeatable and rewarding—three things we need to happen to shift from a(n)(55)_________new behaviour to a habit.41.A.increases B. C.suggests D.excludes42.A.kill B.spend C.save D.make43.A.habitual B.continual C.relevant D.remote44.A.context B.council C.entry D.format45.A.assistance B.appreciation C.appetite D.awareness46.A.regulate B.require prise D.consume47.A.subsequently B.collectively C.automatically D.individually48.A.in turn B.in return C.by far D.by contrast49.A.enhance B.attain C.reverse D.minimize50.A.bury B.change C.add D.delete51.A.Generally B.Alternatively C.Eventually D.Initially52.A.enjoy B.imagine C.delay D.stop53.A.crazy B.calm C.clear D.curious54.A.engage in B.call for C.appeal to D.give up55.A.hopeful B.hopeless C.effortful D.effortless Section BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in thepassage you have just read.(A)Homing pigeons combine precise internal compasses and memorized landmarks to re-trace a path back to their lofts—even four years after the previous time they made the trip,a new study shows.Testing nonhuman memory retention（保持）is challenging;in research studies,“it’s rare that there is a gap of several years between when an animal stores the information and when it is next required to retrieve it,”says University of Oxford zoologist Dora Biro.For a recent study in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biro and her colleagues compared domestic homing pigeons’paths three or four years after the birds established routes back to their loft from a farm8.6kilometers away. The study built on data from a2016experiment in which pigeons learned routes in different social contexts during several flights—on their own or with peers that did or did not know the way.Using data from GPS devices temporarily attached to the birds’backs,the researchers compared the flight paths a pack of pigeons took in2019or2020,without the birds visiting the release site in between.Some birds missed a handful of landmarks along the way,but many others took“strikingly similar”routes to those they used in2016,says Oxford zoologist and study co-author Julien Collet:“It was...as if the last time they flew there was just the day before,not four years ago.”The team found that the pigeons remembered a route just as well if they first flew it alone or with others and fared much better than those that had not made the journey in2016.The result is not surprising,says Verner Bing-man,who studies animal navigation at Bowling Green State University and was not involved with the study.But it provides new confirmation of pigeons’remarkable memory,he says:“It closes the distance a little bit between our self-centered sense of human intellectual abilities and what animals can do.”56.The underlined word“retrieve”is closest in meaning to________.A.reserveB.returnC.recoverD.record57.Which of the following conclusions may be found in the recent study in theProceedings of the Royal Society B?A.Pigeons remember specific routes home after years away.B.Pigeons remember routes better when flying with others.C.Pigeons can find their way back though taking different routes.D.Pigeons can retrace the path home through an attached GPS device.58.Which of the following is TRUE about the2016experiment?A.Oxford zoologist Julien Collet designed the experiment procedure.B.GPS devices were attached permanently to collect data about flight routes.C.The experiment was designed to eliminate pigeons that missed key landmarks.D.Pigeons were made to fly from the release site to their lofts several times.59.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Humans need to adopt a more rigid approach to pigeons’memory.B.Humans are blinded by superiority when it comes to animal intelligence.C.Riddles about animals are too complex to be solved in the foreseeable future.D.There have been mixed responses to the findings about pigeons’memory.(B)60.Which of the following is TRUE about Intuition ?A.It is a born skill that can not be improved.B.It enables wise decisions when used properly.‘I ’ISFORINTUITION “There is a voice that doesn’t use words.Listen.”Rumi.If you have ever followed a “hunch”,gone with your gut,listened to your inner voice,or felt “I just know”,then you have accessed your intuition.We don’t have to reject logic or intellect to embrace intuition -good decisions are often the result of instinct and intellect working together.Here are 3ways to improve your intuition:●Wild writing.Every day for a week,sit quietly and write for 5minutes without thinking.Just let the words appear on the page.Then notice what you learn from your untamed thoughts.●Walking without purpose.Go for a walk (without your phone or other distractions).Take notice if you find your attention being drawn to any particular sights or sounds.ldentify what feelings,thoughts or meaning they have for you.●When faced with a decision,ask “What does my head,heart and gut say?”A-Z OF COACHING Welcome to Barefoot Coaching’s A-Z series.We aim to simplify what might otherwise be complex psychological theories and models and talk about them in a way that anybody can understand.We believe that everybody benefits from learning about and practising coaching skills -and it’s catching!Coaching spreads into other areas of our life and work and the positive effects are felt far beyond just ourselves.Each issue we will be focusing on a different element of st month we explored Happiness ,this month we will focus on Intuition .C.It is contradictory to the power of reasoning.D.It guides us to notice the little things in our life.61._________was most likely the topic for the month before last.A.Pity.B.Jazz.C.Gratitude.D.Harmony.62.What can be learned about the Taster Sessions?A.Each session lasts about3hours.B.A password is needed for booking a session.C.They run at a fixed time every day.D.They are free to regular members only.(C)In memory of Eleanor--a woman________[1]Eleanor Lowenthal–my grandmother–in desperate need of income to put her husband through graduate school,walked into the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology.There,she convinced the scientists that she was the perfect person to mount（安放）and catalog their growing ant collection.[2]At the time,a promising graduate student named E.O.Wilson was coming up in the department.Wilson,who passed away in December2021,was called the “father of biodiversity”.When Eleanor joined the department,researchers were racing to collect and catalog specimens（标本）.As Wilson shifted research towards smaller, less glamorous species that nonetheless held ecological significance,he set the stage for conservation biology.Behind the scenes,technicians like my grandmother preserved the specimen that furthered Wilson’s work and continue to provide new insights and opportunities for researchers across the globe.[3]At the time,hiring a21-year-old woman who had dropped out of art school was a significant gamble.It paid Eleanor’s job as a technician required the same manual flexibility and coordination that art school had demanded.The job required her to work quickly,yet precisely.Rushing could risk ruining a rare specimen,but Eleanor could process ants as quickly as Wilson could mail them back from his expeditions to Australia and Papua New Guinea.She sometimes mounted as many as 200a day.[4]It wasn’t a coincidence that Eleanor found work in entomology.Wilson’s high-profile research on ants cracked an opening for women in previously male-dominated field of conservation,which was centered around studying big game in the first half of the20th century.[5]Even when women’s early work has been credited,the language used to describe their contributions often minimized their role in the team,not mentioning them by name.A recently discovered department report includes lines such as,“A large amount of spreading and setting insects was done by the lady assistant,”and“The collection has been remarkably free from pests…due to the continuous care of the lady assistant.”[6]The department now functions like a library(specimen can be borrowed for study or examined on site),and serves as a training center for the next generation of scientists who use the collection in ways Wilson and my grandmother probably neverimagined.[7]Eleanor didn’t realize the impact of her contribution at the time–the technician role was just a job that paid$38a week.But she’s come to appreciate the significance of her work on a project that spans centuries.“You can see how it goes from one era to another,”says Eleanor.“It’s so important to have this library for people to make connections and new discoveries.”63.The first two paragraphs write about_________.A.why Eleanor was chosen to be an assistant for WilsonB.what convinced Wilson switch to the study of antsC.how Eleanor’s and Wilson’s career paths crossedD.when technicians like Eleanor started to get hired64.Why were the lines in the report cited in the fifth paragraph?A.To prove how important women’s early work was.B.To show women’s role at the time was not fully recognized.C.To give a vivid description of the nature of women’s work.D.To teach the wisdom of writing good science reports.65.What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?A.Today’s researchers are still enjoying the benefits of Eleanor’s work.B.Eleanor is now working as a supervisor in the department.C.New scientific discoveries are the results of collective wisdom.D.Nobody’s work is as important as Eleanor’s in the department.66.Which of the following should be filled in the title“In memory of Eleanor--awoman________”A.whose struggle mirrored the social changes in the status of womenB.whose work won her fame in the then male-dominated field of conservationC.who pioneered a unique management system at the Harvard MuseumD.who worked behind the scenes with extraordinary speed,accuracy and artistry Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.There’ll still be times when old thoughts cause sadness,or you’re anxious about what’s next.B.The usefulness of nostalgia seems to vary with age.C.Today we have a much more positive attitude to nostalgia.D.You’ll get faster at finding it,and add extra layers of detail each time.E.The answer lies in connecting with your past and future selves.F.But there’s also a growing body of research into time travel“the other way”.How to Travel in TimeThe term“NOSTALGIA”(怀旧)used to describe a mental disease.The“algia”bit means“pain”,and the word was coined by a17th-century doctor treating homesick soldiers,whose symptoms included hallucinations（幻觉）and depression.(67) ______________________And it’s a great example of the benefits of a strong memory—choosing to recapture moments from the past to enjoy them all over again.As evidence,a recent report highlighted the increase in old songs being streamed on Spotify during lockdown.It seems that we found strength in musical memories of happier times.(68)______________________Because memory skills can take you into the future,too—bringing a whole new set of rewards.In another pandemic experiment,people wrote letters to their future selves,and found that they improved their mood by imagining themselves safely on the other side of COVID-19.Here are my tips for becoming a confident time traveller yourself: *To reawaken happy feelings,use all your senses—not just sight.Smell,taste, touch and sound will also help you to recreate the past in rich clarity.If you find a memory that’s particularly helpful—for reassurance,say—keep using it！(69)_________________________*When you’re procrastinating（拖延）,visualise an end result.Flash forward to see the floor swept or the essay finished,and use that positive image to spur you into action.*Ahead of major challenges,imagine the full impact of success.Don’t just picture yourself getting that great job:fill your mind with the really big ways it’s going to change your life.(70)_______________________But the more you learn to control your memory, the better you’ll be at mining your past,and shaping your future,to be your best self now.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Ignoring Your Biggest RegretsRegrets,people often feel,are to be avoided.Mistakes may be unavoidable,but they should be kept to a minimum.And when they do occur,the best course of action is to ignore them as inevitable steps on our journey.That seems logical,at least until you consider that one of the criteria for mental illness is an inability to feel regret.As author Kathryn Schulz argues,“If you want to be fully functional,and fully human, and fully humane,I think you need to learn to live not without regret,but with it.”Counterintuitively,she and other experts argue feeling regret is essential for living your best life.No one is saying,of course,that getting trapped in your past mistakes is a good idea.But neither is a“no regrets and never look back”mentality.Regret forces us to engage in a reflective analysis to understand why we thought or acted the way we did and makes us try things differently in the future.If you keep telling yourself“no regrets,”then learning isn’t going to happen.Besides,hiding from regret doesn’t make it hurt less.Action does.Action,recent research shows,is the best way to make regret hurt less.So if you’re troubled by your failure to travel when you were young,science suggests you consciously plan an adventurous trip now that you’re older and wiser.Upset about a broken friendship?Act to try to repair it.Acknowledging our mistakes,rather than ignoring them,reminds us that we arevaluable and worthy despite our faults.That sort of acceptance is the basis both of real self-confidence and of true kindness.As Schulz sums up in her talk:“Regret doesn’t remind us that we did badly.It reminds us we know we can do better.”V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.两个小朋友分别得到一盒蜡笔和一本书作为奖励。

上海市青浦高中2025届高三3月份第一次模拟考试英语试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．E-shopping, when properly _____ ,can save us a lot of time and energy.A．done B．doing C．to do D．is done2．--Hello, Kate. How is your weekend at home?--Awful! Y ou know it is the first time I ____ alone at home, bored to death.A．has left B．had left C．had been left D．have been left3．It is sometimes said that a society can be judged ____the way it cares ____its weakest members.A．on; about B．by; for C．under; with D．with; on4．____ interested in English may join this club.A．Whoever B．All who C．Anyone D．Who5．Don’t let the ch ild who is ________ go to school．A．so young as to B．not old enough to C．not old enough D．too young to6．This kind of gel pen which ______ smoothly is quite popular with students.A．is written B．is writing C．wrote D．writes7．As is known, it was Hu Jintao, _______ president of our nation, who gave ________ lecture at the ceremony of National DayA．the; a B．the ; / C．a; the D．/; a8．Children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of film _________ is bad fortheir mental development. A．as B．whatC．which D．that9．--It is really fun to hike and I often go hiking in the forest.--But hiking alone in the forest ______ be very dangerous.A．can B．must C．shall D．will10．The cost of living in big cities ________ steadily for many years，and it has led some youths to drop out of the big city race.A．is climbing B．is being climbedC．has been climbing D．has been climbed11．---How was your trip to Xi'an last month？--_____________. It was raining cats and dogs during my stay there.A．Wonderful B．ExcitingC．Not bad D．It couldn't be worse12．The driver could have survived but he the seat belt.A．had been wearing B．hadn't worn C．wasn’t wearing D．didn't wear13．The warmth of ____ coat will mostly be determined by ____ soft of cloth used.A．the; a B．a; the C．/; the D．a; a14．________enough money, the young man was unable to buy his girlfriend expensive jewelry.A．Not to save B．Not savingC．Not having saved D．Not saved15．________ an increase in foreign legal conflicts，China is expected to see the number continue to rise．A．To witness B．Being witnessedC．Witnessed D．Having witnessed16．I was on a business trip then, otherwise I ________ to the hospital for tests.A．went B．had goneC．would have gone D．would go17．To be an expert, a beginner needs to go through a series of _____ stages.A．intermediate B．liberalC．overall D．demanding18．Nobody can go back and start a new beginning, ______ anyone can start now and make a new ending.A．for B．andC．but D．so19．The purpose of her talking to me last night actually _______this: That I shall never trust him any more in future. A．comes round B．comes out C．comes on D．comes to20．I quickly lowered myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so that he wouldn't feel ________. A．challenged B．challengingC．to be challenged D．having challenged第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2024届上海市奉贤区高三一模英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置。

I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.At an airport. B.At a cinema. C.At a hotel. D.At a station.2. A.Husband and wife. B.Guest and hostess. C.Customer and waitress. D.Boss and employee.3. A.The man is fond of travelling.B.The woman is a photographer.C.The woman took many pictures at the contest.D.The man admires the woman’s talent in writing.4. A.Go home soon. B.Visit the woman.C.Borrow the typewriter.D.Read the woman’s paper.5. A.The books there are too expensive.B.The textbook she needs isn’t in yet.C.She won’t be able to get the book before class.D.She prefers to go to the bookstore at9o’clock.6. A.They won’t celebrate mother’s birthday.B.They’ve already got plenty of wine.C.They cannot buy whatever they need.D.They’ve got enough gifts for the party.7. A.The woman will have a test.B.The man will probably go to the movie.C.The man will have to sit for an exam.D.The woman wishes to go to class with the man.8. A.The results haven’t come yet.B.The results were checked again last night.C.The woman needs another test tomorrow.D.The doctor hasn’t come back from the lab.9. A.Most neighbors are as noisy as the woman.B.Dealing with it politely might be a better solution.C.He can’t understand why the woman is so angry.D.The woman is too impolite for her neighbors.10. A.She always buys new clothes to keep up with the latest fashion trend.B.She looks down on the fashion victims spending much money on costly clothes.C.She doesn’t fall into the category of fashion victims.D.She will buy new clothes next month like those fashion victims.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11. A.Many people are shy in social life. B.Most people are shy by nature.C.Your shyness won’t hurt others.D.Shyness is difficult to overcome.12. A.By prediction. B.By recording. C.By observation. D.By examination.13. A.The detailed records of people’s actions. B.Public attitudes towards being shy.C.People’s real behaviors in social settings.D.The specific degree of shyness of every interviewee. Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14. A.To recall his own childhood. B.To show his care for his children.C.To make up for his own childhood pity.D.To help his children become more mature.15. A.They become more mature and responsible.B.They have less confidence than their peers.C.They are responsible for building the dream life of their parents.D.They take possessions and support from their peers for granted.16. A.To love and support children.B.To satisfy whatever children wants.C.To give children too much pressure.D.To encourage children to meet their goals.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17. A.He wants to change his job assignment.B.He is unhappy with his department manager.C.He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D.He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.18. A.His workload was much too heavy.B.His immediate boss did not trust him.C.His colleagues often refused to cooperate.D.His salary was too low for his responsibility.19. A.He never knows how to refuse.B.He is always ready to help others.C.His boss has a lot of trust in him.D.His boss has no sense of fairness.20. A.Put all his complaints in writing.B.Wait and see what happens next.C.Learn to say no when necessary.D.Talk to his boss in person first.II.Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.The First Space CatIn a few weeks,space scientists will celebrate a remarkable event–the60th anniversary of the launch of the first cat into space,an astronautical success that has never been repeated.In the early60s,dogs and monkeys were the animals usually used by scientists to find out exactly(21) ______dangerous the conditions were in outer space.And they were also used to assess if humans(22)______survive trips beyond the edge of Earth’s atmosphere.A total of14street cats(23)______(gather)at France’s space agency for selection as cat astronauts,but the cats were not given names on purpose in order to prevent scientists from becoming too fond of them.The cat selected to travel to space was simply known(24)______C341.C341flew on a French rocket in October1963,taking it to a place (25)______no cat had gone before.Then,(26)______the news of its flight was announced on18October1963,the French press decided this cat had to have its name.They picked“Felix”after a cartoon cat character,only(27)______(discover)that C341was female,so her name was then adjusted to“Félicette”as a result.In putting Félicette in one of its rockets,France added a new species to the list of animals that scientists(28)______(send)into space before.Previously,two garden spiders,Anita and Arebella,had been taken to the Skylab(29)______(orbit)around the moon.“In the60s,(30)______(concern)about the possible danger for a human to be in outer space,scientists and engineers primarily undertook animal space flights to see if they suffered or their lives were threatened by the weightlessness or increased radiation or other effects they might experience up there,”said astronomer Jake Foster at the Royal Observatory Greenwich.“The fact that they did not fail paved the way for humans to begin journeys into space.”Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.Boat of PowerDragon boat racing began in China more than2,000years ago as part of a cultural community event to memorize the ancient poet,Qu Yuan.The traditional holiday was a time to perform____31_____for good fortune and well-being, and to drive off evil spirits.Over time,dragon boat racing____32_____into a global sport.The Toronto-based Dragons Abreast team stands out at this sport for a few reasons.For one,the79-member team includes people ranging in age from30to93.Prior to joining Dragons Abreast,some members hadn’t been part of a sports team since childhood and wouldn’t have described themselves as particularly athletic ones.And what has brought these women together is something____33_____—living with breast cancer.The breast cancer survivors on this team are in the same boat in every way.For many,being part of a community that knows____34_____how life changes after breast cancer is as beneficial as the physical gains.The team offers a supportive space to____35_____all the complexities of survivorship.“I was so surprised at how____36_____the racing was for me,”says Liz Johnston Hill,the race coordinator for Dragons Abreast.“It’s almost overwhelming how people encourage,no matter what.”Being out on the water and connecting to the environment is an important aspect of dragon boating for many of the team members.They talk about how it provides____37_____of peace and encourages mindfulness,something we could all use more of in our lives.Outside of dragon boat,the members are a(n)____38_____part of each other’s life.“We’ve all been through____39_____the same thing in our various ways,”says the race coordinator Liz Johnston Hill.While the number of breast cancer survivor teams grows,barriers to the sport remain such as cost,time,____40_____to water and practice facilities and the lack of cultural and language diversity.But there are ongoing efforts to introduce more people living with breast cancer to dragon boat.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Like anything built by evolution,the human body has many downsides,teeth without exception.Adult humans only get one set of teeth,which must last about60years.However,a(n)___41___of poverty,sugar-rich diets and poor hygiene means2.5bn people globally suffer from tooth decay,in which acid produced by mouth-living bacteria eats away the hard enamel(牙釉质)that___42___the outside of a tooth,leading to further infection and damage. Once decay has set in,all a dentist can do is to fill the gap with artificial filling.But in a paper published in Cell,Hannele Ruohola-Baker,a stem-cell biologist at the University of Washington,and her colleagues offer a possible___43___.Stem cells have the___44___to turn themselves into any other type of cell in the body.It may soon be possible,the researchers claim,to use those___45___cells to regrow a tooth’s enamel naturally.The first step was to work out how enamel is produced.As enamel-making cells,known as ameloblasts,disappear soon after a person’s adult teeth have finished growing,the researchers___46___samples of tissue from human foetuses (胚胎),which contain plenty of functioning ameloblasts.___47___,they checked to see which genes were especially active in the enamel-producing cells.It turned out that genes designed to bind to calcium were particularly busy.___48___that information,Dr Ruohola-Baker and her colleagues next checked to see whether the stem cells could be persuaded to___49___ameloblasts.The team devised various drugs designed to activate the genes expressed in functioning ameloblasts.That worked,with the engineered ameloblasts producing the same proteins as the natural sort.For now,the work is more concept than a medical treatment.The next step is to boost enamel production further, with a view to___50___beginning clinical trials.The hope is that,one day,medical versions of the team’s findings could be used as biological implants,to___51___a patient’s decayed teeth.Stem-cell-based therapies are not the only ones heading to clinical trials.Another treatment,known as biomimetic repair,involves rebuilding the tooth crown using synthetic(人工合成的)proteins,which are similar,but not quite___52___,to human enamel.The proteins could be included in toothpaste and even cough drops. But synthetic formulations can be less___53___than human enamel.It will take time for either technology to become reality.One question is how durable the enamel made by stem-cell-derived ameloblasts is.Another is how best to deliver the stem cells to a patient’s mouth.But these findings are___54___.As any dentist will tell you,prevention is better than cure.___55___,a better cure would be always welcome.There is no doubt that this research offers a new prospect for future dental care.41. bination B.absence C.application D.coincidence42. A.contains B.coats C.floats D.fills43. A.procedure B.alternative C.variation D.recipe44. A.opportunity B.obligation C.capacity D.intention45. A.changeable B.noticeable plicated D.practical46. A.appealed to B.objected to C.applied to D.turned to47. A.Then B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Still48. A.Pleased by B.Puzzled by C.Armed with D.Covered with49. A.transform into B.break down C.speed up D.respond to50. A.exclusively B.permanently C.inevitably D.eventually51. A.resemble B.reform C.regenerate D.recycle52. A.identical B.subject C.relevant D.unique53. A.accessible B.diverse C.durable D.influential54. A.fulfilling B.stimulating C.initiating D.promising55. A.Likewise B.Furthermore C.Nevertheless D.InsteadSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When Steven Spielberg was a kid growing up in the1950s in Arizona,watching westerns on his family’s20-inch black-and-white TV,he would climb right up to the screen,as if to surround himself with the image.He also wished he could see these moving pictures in color.So he searched through his family’s collection of slides quickly,having learned that by holding one film or another up to the television screen he could turn grayed-out western skies blue,or the ground to a realistic-looking green.Sometimes his mom walked in,and she saw him holding these slides up to both of his eyes, right next to the TV set.Often,she would say,“You’re going to burn your eyes out!”Spielberg’s mom,like all the other50s moms who said the same thing,was wrong about that.But we all know what she must have been thinking:Who is this child?If you’ve seen even just one Steven Spielberg movie in the past50years or so—Jaws,Schindler’s List,E.T.—you have some sense of who this child grew up to be.And when you see his new film,The Fabelmans,a work of astonishing vividness that’s drawn from his own family’s story,you’ll know even more.Movies have been around for roughly130 years;Spielberg’s career has covered more than a third of that.Yet The Fabelmans hardly feels like a late-career movie. It’s a jetway for a new beginning.Not every75-year-old filmmaker makes a movie like this.Of the ambitious young guys who remade Hollywood in the early1970s,Spielberg is one of the few still making vital pictures at a consistent clip.Yet his career is extraordinary in any context.He’s made some box-office disappointments,but naming a badly made Spielberg film is hard,probably because there isn’t one.No living filmmaker can match his devotion to craftsmanship,to finding new ways of showing us things we think we’ve seen a million times before.56.How did Spielberg’s mom feel when she saw her son’s behavior in front of the TV set?A.Proud but upset.C.Annoyed and desperate.B.Surprised but supportive.D.Worried and confused.57.Which of the following is NOT a reason why Spielberg’s career is regarded as extraordinary?A.He showed great interest in filming at a very young age.B.His career covers more than a third of the movie history.C.He is committed to filming ordinary things from new perspectives.D.His films are all well-made despite some box-office disappointments.58.What can be inferred about Spielberg’s new film The Fabelmans?A.It’s the most outstanding film he has ever made in his career.B.It has been integrated with part of his growing experience.C.It represents a totally brand new type of film theme.D.It established Spielberg as the most influential filmmaker.59.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Curiosity makes success.B.Daring to be different.C.A giant in filmmaking.D.A ground-making new film.(B)No,it’s not their shoe size.They read.At least two books a month.They’re also among the top10richest people in the world.And they’re not alone in their love for books,with1,200other millionaires,who quote reading as a core part of their self-education.You knew that reading books makes your life better.It’s not even all about money,fame and success.It’s about becoming a more knowledgeable and valuable person.Additionally,reading helps you prevent stress and keep depression at bay,while enhancing your confidence,improving your decision-making,increasing your empathy and overall satisfaction with life.You know all the benefits of reading,so what’s stopping you from reading more books?Time!“I don’t have time to read.”Have you said those words before?You say it because...●you have an incredibly demanding college degree to study for…●your loved ones are sitting at home,counting on you to put food on the table…●you are too occupied with work to open a book…But let’s imagine another reality for a second.What would your life look like if you read just two books every month?Would you finally…●have what it takes to start that business?●be a better parent?●feel more fulfilled?Hold on to that vision for a second.If you want to make it a reality,this email course,Time2Read,will be your guide for the next10days.It’s free of charge and specifically designed to help you take time back,start building a dailyreading habit and turn wanting to read into actual reading.Enter your email below to make time to read,start learning daily and become more valuable to the world.You’ll be sent7lessons via email over the next10days,starting right after you sign up here.Each email contains a story,a principle,and an experiment.Get started,and your reading life will never be the same!60.Where does this passage probably come from?A.A leaflet publicizing a reading activity.B.A website promoting a reading course.C.A TV program advertising reading skills.D.A handbook providing reading materials.61.Why does the author mention the four famous people at the beginning?A.To express his admiration for them.B.To indicate the importance of reading.C.To highlight their time management skills.D.To illustrate the success of the course.62.Who are most likely to be interested in Time2Read?A.Those who are willing to read more but struggle with time.B.Those who are sick of making excuses to delay their life plans.C.Those who are eager to become a millionaire like the four guys.D.Those who are determined to be more and more self-disciplined.(C)Scientists know that the internal forces that generate Earth’s magnetic field（磁场）can change and that the strength of the field swings over time.This can lead to gradual shifts in the intensity and location of Earth’s magnetic north and south poles and even reversals where Earth’s magnetic poles trade places.But are these geomagnetic events responsible for extreme weather,extinction,and even disasters?Claims that Earth’s magnetic field is responsible for climate change are widespread online,but scientists say the theory has no basis.“At this time there aren’t any credible mechanisms that could make it a possibility,”says Gavin Schmidt,a climatologist in New York.“It’s not that we’re ruling out magnetic effects on climate without thinking about it,we collectively have thought about it,and it’s been found devoid.”There are three north poles on Earth:true north,geomagnetic north,and magnetic north.True north is a fixed position on the globe that points directly towards the geographic North Pole.But geomagnetic north,currently located over Canada’s Ellesmere Island,is not a fixed point—it represents the northern axis(轴)of Earth’s magnetosphere and shifts from time to time.Magnetic north corresponds to magnetic field lines and is what your compass locates.During a pole reversal,Earth’s magnetic north and south poles exchange locations.This happens on average every 300,000years or so,but the last reversal occurred around780,000years ago.Some scientists have assumed that reversals and the corresponding decrease in strength of the magnetic field could cause a big problem that increased solar radiation was able to enter Earth’s atmosphere,altering ozone levels and driving global climate shifts and extinctions.Kirk Johnson,a director of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History,has spent much of his career studying the extinction of dinosaurs.While analyzing fossil records and timelines surrounding his research,Johnson zeroed in on the magnetic reversal that occurred around66.3million years ago.Deep ocean samples revealed significant climate change around66.3million years ago.But this also coincides with a large volcanic eruption in India called the Deccan volcanism,which produced some of the longest lava(熔岩)flows on Earth.“We’ve always owed that transition to the carbon dioxide released by the Deccan volcanism and the increase of greenhouse gases,”says Johnson.“There are two things happening:The magnetic field is changing,the Deccan volcanism is happening,and there’s climate warming.So that would be an example of coincidental climate change.”63.The underlined word“devoid”in paragraph2probably means________.A.fruitlessB.obviousC.reasonableD.misleading64.Which north pole on earth is involved in the pole reversal?A.True north.B.Geomagnetic north.C.Magnetic north.D.Geographic north.65.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The geomagnetic events are to blame for the climate change.B.The decrease in strength of the magnetic field resulted in extinction.C.The magnetic field is changing all the time with the climate warming.D.Internal forces which produce Earth’s magnetic field can alter over time.66.Which of the following statements does Kirk Johnson most probably agree with?A.A magnetic reversal doesn’t necessarily cause climate change.B.A magnetic reversal is accompanied with significant climate change.C.The extinction of the dinosaurs is due to the magnetic reversal.D.Climate change is not relevant to the carbon dioxide emission.Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.While these villages possess undeniable fascination,many remain underdeveloped.B.This effort includes the knowledge exchange between the students and local villagers.C.Both were selected for revitalization efforts led by the Village Revitalization Team.D.In Sukarara,a local tradition requires girls master weaving skills before marriage.E.They decide to be a bridge between tradition and progress,united for their growth.F.It’s about preserving the cultural heritage and ensuring traditions being passed down.Students’Journey to Empower Rural HeritageFrom Aug.18to22,a team of15Tsinghua University students,representing diverse backgrounds from China, South Korea,Malaysia,and Indonesia,set foot on an overseas research exploration focusing on rural revitalization(振兴) in Indonesian villages,particularly within Nusa Tenggara Barat(NTB).With the diverse cultural heritage,Indonesia is home to over83,000villages,each radiating its own charm and character.____67____The research mission took the students to Sukarara and Sade villages,two of NTB’s tourist destinations. ____68____Sukarara and Sade are a world apart from the busy cities to which most of us are accustomed.The villages are a living test to Indonesia’s rich culture and its devotion to preserving traditions.Revitalizing these villages goes beyond mere economic development.____69____The weaving skills and architectural techniques of Sukarara and Sade villages are not only beautiful,but they are also an inseparable part to the identity of these communities.It’s essential that they strike a balance between progress and preservation.As the journey came to an end,the students carry with them not only the memories of their experiences there,but also the responsibility to make a positive impact on these remarkable places.____70____They are optimistic that Indonesian villages can experience meaningful development,ultimately leading to increased opportunities for employment and an improved quality of life.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than e your own words as far as possible.71.How to Be a Better BossWorkplaces have changed dramatically over the past few years.Teams have become more isolated owing to remote work.Technology has brought great benefits but also constant interruptions,from endless Zoom calls to message flows on Slack.With each shift,the job of the manager has become harder.Many report feeling burnt-out,overloaded and confused.Yet in real life everyone suffers when management is bad and benefits when it is good.Research based on a long-running survey of management techniques has found that well-managed firms tend to be more productive,export more and spend more on research and development.So the prize for better management is big.But how to obtain it?Read enough management books and you might conclude that managers need to change their personality thoroughly,becoming either Machiavelli’s prince or a Marvel superhero.However,study successful managers,and more practical lessons can be drawn.One is to be clear about a firm’s processes.Managers should make clear the purpose of a team,what a meeting should achieve and who will take a decision.Meeting agendas at GSK,a British drugs firm,clearly say whether an item is for awareness,to gather participants’input or intended to make a decision.Such clarity means that everyone knows what they are doing,and why.Management isn’t all about piling up tasks,meetings or processes.A second lesson is that managers can add value by deleting.Sparing workers from pointless meetings,emails and projects frees them to concentrate on the work that fattens the bottom line.At the start of the year,Shopify,an e-commerce firm,deleted12,000repeated meetings from its employees’calendars.The useful ones were eventually added back.But the firm says that meetings are down by14% since the mass deletion while productivity has gone up by a similar amount.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.穿着睡衣去超市不太合适，不是吗？(It)73.这副山水画的灵感来源于王维的诗集。