广东省2020年中考英语语法知识-----句子种类和成分专题训练
基础训练
陈述句
()1.—Where did you go last winter vacation?
—I ________ to London with my family.(2019年昆明)
A.go
B.have gone
C.went
D.was going
()2.—Tom, what's your dad doing?
—He ________ my bike.(2019年北京)
A.repairs
B.will repair
C.has repaired
D.is repairing
()3.—Jim, could you please answer the question?
—Sorry, I ________.Could you say it again？(2019年河南)
A.wasn't listening
B.don't listen
C.am not listening
D.won't listen
()4.—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it?
—In July.I ________ it for two weeks.(2019年随州)
A.had
B.have had
C.have bought
D.bought
疑问句
()5.—The rain is too heavy, we can hardly go out, can we?
—________，or we'll get wet and have a cold.(2019年鄂州)
A.No, we can't
B.Yes, we can't
C.Yes, we can
D.No, we can
()6.—________ you ever ________ Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge?
—Not yet.(2019年湘西改编)
A.Did; visit
B.Are; visit
C.Have; visited
D.Will; visit
()7.—________ can you write in English?
—About forty words per minute.(2019年徐州)
A.How far
B.How often
C.How fast
D.How long
()8.—There is nothing left in the fridge, ________？
—________.Let's go to the supermarket to buy some.(2019年天水)
A.is there; Yes
B.isn't there; Yes
C.is there; No
D.isn't there; No
()9.—________ do you communicate with your foreign friends?
—By writing e-mails.(2019年莱芜)
A.How
B.Why
C.Where
D.When
()10.—Lucy, do you want to join the art club or the chess club?
—________.I like drawing pictures.(2018年长春)
A.Yes, I do
B.The art club
C.No, I don't
D.The chess club
祈使句
()11.________ me an e-mail before you come to Hohhot, and I'll meet you at the train station.(2019年呼和浩特)
A.Send
B.Sending
C.To send
D.Sent
()12.________ noise pollution, and we can live in a quiet environment.(2019年眉山)
A.Prevent
B.Preventing
C.Prevented
D.To prevent
()13.________ on the grass.It's a rule of the park.(2019年青海改编)
A.Step
B.Don't step
C.To step
D.Not step
()14.—________ fresh air it is now!
—Yes.________ go out for a walk.(2018年安顺)
A.How; Let
B.What a; Let's
C.What; Let's
D.How; Let us
感叹句
()15.—________ good grades I hope to get in this exam!
—I'm sure you will.(2019年锦州)
A.What
B.What a
C.How
D.How a
()16.Look at the blue sky.________ fine weather it is！(2019年葫芦岛)
A.How
B.How a
C.What
D.What a
()17.—________ wonderful the music is! What's its name?
—Victory.(2019年宿迁)
A.How
B.How a
C.What
D.What a
()18.________ beautifully little Simon dances in front of the camera！(2019年上海)
A.What
B.What a
C.How
D.How a
()19.—________ beautiful song it is!
—Yes, It is Taylor Swift's new song.(2019年吉林改编)
A.How
B.What
C.What a
D.What an
倒装句
()20.—Last summer holiday, I didn't go anywhere.How boring!
—________.But I'm going somewhere for a holiday this summer.(2019年鄂州)
A.Neither I did
B.Neither did I
C.So did I
D.So I did
()21.Only yesterday ________ find out that his purse was lost.(2018年兰州)
A.he was
B.was he
C.did he
D.he did
()22.—I always hate being late for school.
—________.(2018年潍坊)
A.So am I
B.So do I
C.So I am
D.So I do
there be 句型
()23.—________ a big clock on the wall?
—Yes, but it was broken in the earthquake.(2019年青海改编)
A.Have you got
B.Did you have
C.Was there
D.Was it
()24.There ________ a concert in our school hall next week.(2019年梧州)
A.is going to have
B.will have
C.will be
D.is going to hold
()25.—What's in the picture on the wall?
—There ________ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground.(2019年凉山)
A.has
B.are
C.is
D.have
()26.—Lucy, there ________ too many things on the desk.What a mess!
—Sorry, Mom.I'll put them away.(2019年郴州改编)
A.have
B.is
C.are
D.has
()27.—Excuse me, is there a bank near here?
—________.It's just between my house and a post office.(2018年湘西改编)
A.Yes, it is
B.No, there isn't
C.Yes, there is
D.No, it isn't
提升训练
一、单项填空
()1.Something unusual happened yesterday, ________？
A.isn't it
B.didn't it
C.don't they
D.aren't they
()2.Please ________ here.The baby is sleeping.
A.not shout
B.not shouting
C.don't shouting
D.don't shout
()3.—Could I smoke here, sir?
—________！Here is the gas station.
A.No smoking
B.No smoke
C.Don't smoke
D.Not smoke
()4.—________ do you go to school every day?
—By bus.
A.How
B.Why
C.Where
D.When
()5.Let's go for a drive, ________？
A.do we
B.will we
C.shall we
D.will you
()6.—Don't forget to ride your bike to his house.
—OK, I will.But if Sam doesn't ride there, ________.
A.so I will
B.so will I
C.neither I will
D.neither will I
()7.—________ will the work be finished?
—In about an hour.(2019年广东省初中学业水平考试四模)
A.How often
B.How soon
C.How long
D.How old
()8.________ good health the students keep in！(2019年江门市第二中学二模)
A.How
B.How a
C.What
D.What a
()9.Oh, look! There ________ so much food and cooking tools in the room.(2019年广东省初中学业水平考试一模)
A.am
B.is
C.are
D.will be
()10.Do remember: ________ them into different litter bins when you have some rubbish.
A.put
B.puts
C.putting
D.to put
二、语法选择(句子种类和成分专练)
Do you sometimes feel lonely? Here __1__ some advice for all the kids.
It's hard when a best friend __2__ around.Maybe when she/he moves to a different school, You may feel lonely at break.You want to have new friends.But __3__ do you make them? Maybe everybody __4__ their friends.But there __5__ always room for more friends.
Look around your classroom.And think about who you'd like to play with at break.Look for chances to say hi to them, smile, and be friendly.Offer to help them when they are in trouble.Invite somebody to play with you or say “__6__ you want to sit here？” in the dinning hall.Say “Hi, can I play, too？”__7__ just join in.If you have difficulty __8__ this, ask your teachers for help.Teachers are usually good at matching up friends.
The best way to make friends is to be __9__ friend.Be kind, say nice things and __10__ others.Soon you will have more new friends.You might still miss that special best friend.But when you meet each other again, you can talk about something you didn't have before she/he left.You can introduce her/him to your new friends!
()1.A.is B.are C.was D.were
()2.A.isn't B.is C.are D.aren't
()3.A.what B.when C.why D.how
()4.A.has B.have C.had D.having
()5.A.are B.is C.will be D.was
()6.A.Are B.Will C.Do D.Don't
()7.A.And B.But C.Though D.Or
()8.A.do B.did C.doing D.done
()9.A.a B.an C .the D./
()10.A.helping B.help C.to help D.helps
三、阅读理解
(2019年广州市天河区东圃中学中考一模联考)
A few centuries ago, people looked at the birds and wondered what it would be like to fly like them.There were stories of heroes who stuck bird feathers on their arms and flew up into the sky.About 500 years ago, some people dreamed a different dream.Instead of flying up to the sky, they dreamed of falling from the sky!
In the 15th century, Italian inventors designed a cone-shaped (锥形) object that was supposed to bring a man down safely from a great height.The operator held on to a handle straps tied to his waist.This was the first known design for a parachute (降落伞).
Even the great inventor Leonardo da Vinci drew a type of parachute.His parachute design was in the shape of a pyramid (金字塔).Other inventors also drew their own designs for a parachute.Unluckily, these were only designs on paper and no one tested them.
A Croatian inventor named Fausto Veranzio looked at Leonardo da Vinci's parachute design and replaced the pyramid shape with one that looked like a sail from a ship.When Veranzio was 65 years old, he fell ill.Thinking he would not live longer, he decided to try out his parachute invention.He built his parachute using wood and cloth.Tying his invention to his waist, he jumped off the tall bell tower in his city.He landed safely.He was supposedly the first man to successfully use a parachute.However, some people thought this story was not true.If that was the case, then the first person to successfully use a parachute would go to a Frenchman named Louis-Sebastien Lenormand in 1783.
()1.Who designed the first known parachute?
A.Frenchmen.
B.Italians.
C.Croatians.
D.Englishmen.
()2.What was Leonardo da Vinci's parachute shaped like?
A.A cone.
B.A feather.
C.A pyramid.
D.A sail.
()3.Which of the following about Fausto Veranzio is TRUE?
A.He copied da Vinci's parachute design.
B.He made his parachute with leather and wood.
C.He experimented with his parachute many times.
D.He decided to try his parachute after he was seriously ill.
()4.Who was the first man to successfully use a parachute?
A.It was said to be Leonardo da Cinci.
B.We know for sure he was Veranzio.
C.There were some historical records.
D.We don't know for sure yet.
()5.What is the passage is mainly about?
A.The beginning of the parachute.
B.The dream of flying and falling.
C.The courage of dropping from the sky.
D.The usage of parachute invention.
四、配对阅读
左栏是五个人的人物介绍，右栏是七个人或事物的情况说明，请为左栏的人物介绍选择
参考答案：
基础训练
1—5CDABA6—10CCCAB11—15AABCA
16—20CACCB21—25CBCCC26—27CC
提升训练
一、1—5BDCAC6—10DBCBA
二、1—5AADAB6—10CDCAB
三、1—5BCDDA
四、1—5CEGAB
句子的成分 组成句子的各个部分叫作句子的成分。句子的成分有主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。其中主语和谓语是句子的主体，表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语的组成部分，其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。 1）主语表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”，通常用名词、代词、数词，不定式，动名词或从句担任。主语要放在句首，还可用“It”作形式主语（如主语从句） 2）谓语起着说明主语的动作、特征或状态的作用，必须用动词表示。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面要一致，通常在主语之后。 谓语可分为两大类：简单谓语和复合谓语。凡是由一个动词或短语动词构成的谓语，不管什么时态，语态，语气，都是简单谓语。复合谓语一般由两部分构成：一是带不定式的复合结构；一是带表语的复合结构。 3）表语用于说明主语的性质、特征、身份或状态，可以由名词、代词，数词，形容词、副词、介词，介词短语，不定式，动词的—ed形式或动词的—ing形式或从句来担任，表语要放在连系动词之后。4）宾语是及物动词所示动作的对象或介词的对象，由名词、代词、数词，名词化的形容词，名词化的分词，不定式，动名词，从句都可以担任作宾语。宾语要放在谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。 ①某些及物动词之后要求有双宾语(即直接宾语和间接宾语)，直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人。这一类动词有：bring, give, pass,tell, hand, show, s end, read, leave, teach, find, buy, make, do, get, order, play, sing, pay 等。宾语要放在谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。 ②在需要的情况下，间接宾语也可以位于直接宾语之后，但此时间接宾语之前需要加介词“ to”或“for”。 ③有些及物动词的后面，其宾语还需要有一个补足语，才能表达完整的意思。这样的宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。名词、形容词、不定式或介词短语都可以作宾语补足语。 5）状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式，形容词短语。名词短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。 6）定语用于修饰名词或代词。可以担任定语的有形容词、代词、名词、数词、名词所有格、副词、不定式、分词和分词短语、介词短语及从句等等。定语的位置很灵活，凡有名词和代词的地方都可以有定语。 7）同位语是对句子的某一成分作进一步解释，说明，与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位。同位语常常置于被说明的词的后面。可以作同位语的有名词，代词，数词和从句等。 8）句子成分巧划分：主在前，谓在中，宾状后面冲。短语定语主宾后，形、代定语主宾前。间宾直宾紧相依，直、间之间to、for连，宾补位于宾语后，地状常在时状前。 第一讲主语 【语法讲解】 主语的位置通常在句首，一般不省略。它是句子所要说明的人或事物，是谓语动词所表示动作的发出者。例如： 1) The question is difficult. 2) She is difficult to understand. 3) is difficult to remember. 4) To understand his words is difficult. 5) Thinking in such a noise is difficult. 6) That they will leave ahead of time is difficult. 上述的六个例句分别说明了主语的位置、特点及能够担当主语的成分。可以担当主语的有名词（例如1）、代词（例如2）、数词（例如3）、动词不定式（例如4）、动名词（例如5）和主语从句（例如6）。 注：当动词不定式做主语时，往往放在谓语动词的后面，而用it做形式主语放在谓语动词的前面。例如上述例句4还可以改写为：It is difficult to understand his words.其中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to understand his words.
一、选择题 1．_____ your hands before meals. It’s good____ your health. A．Washing; with B．To wash; at C．Wash; for D．Washes; to 2．Which of the following is right? A．He goes to fishing every weekend. B．I am looking forward to visit Beijing soon. C．Many trees have planted since last year. D．You had better not leave here before I come back. 3．My grandma_________ chickens yesterday but she didn’t _______ them this morning. A．feed, fed B．fed, fed C．feed, feed D．fed, feed 4．We __________ buy the train tickets. We can book one by phone now. A．needn’t to B．don’t need to C．need to D．need 5．My brother ___________ like playing ping-pong. A．isn’t B．not C．doesn’t D．don’t 6．I __________ news. They are boring. A．can’t stand B．like C．love D．don’t mind 7．“ Do you like ice-cream? ” “ No, I don’t. I ______ to be fat. ” A．want B．do want C．not want D．don’t want 8．—Do you like _____ ? —Yes. But I _____ a book now. I’m drawing a picture. A．read;reading B．read;am not reading C．reading;am reading D．reading; am not reading 9．Bob has a TV, but he _____ a computer. A．doesn’t have B．don’t has C．doesn’t has 10．Susan and her classmates__________ to the mountain last week. A．don’t go B．didn’t go C．isn’t going D．aren’t going 11．I ____ like listening to her CDs. They are not good A．not B．doesn’t C．can’t D．don’t 12．If it ________ rain tomorrow, we’ll go to the zoo. A．won’t B．doesn’t C．don’t D．isn’t 13．Dave , we will leave in 10 minutes . Are you ready? No , I our guide book and towels yet . A．don’t pack B．didn’t pack C．have packed D．haven’t packed 14．Tom breakfast. He usually gets up late.
Chapter1词类和词类转换 1.1词的分类 n. pron. adj. num. v. adv. art. prep. conj. interj. 1.2词类转换 1.派生词（词根+词缀） 2.兼类词（词形不变，多个词性） 3.合成词(一般由两个或两个以上的词合成) Chapter2名词 2.1名词的数 1.名词复数的构成（规则变化、不规则变化） 2.惯用单数或复数的名词 如sports meet，take notes等 2.2可数名词与不可数名词 1.可数名词量的表示 基数词+可数名词，如twenty cups； 可数名词可与（a）few,many,a large/small number of,some等连用表示不定数量。 2.以复数形式出现的名词量的表示 如a pair of shoes. 3.不可数名词量的表示 如a piece of news. 2.3能兼用作可数与不可数名词的物质名词
如sheep，ice cream等. 2.4同一名词用作可数与不可数名词时的意义差别 如change(零钱、变化). 2.5名词所有格 1.名词所有格的构成 2.- ’s所有格的主要用法 3.of结构表示的所有关系 Of+名词，如the end of the term. 4.双重所有格 Of+名词所有格，如a friend of Mr.White’s =one of Mr. White’s friends. Chapter3代词 3.1人称代词 1.人称代词主格与宾格形式 2.人称代词的用法 3.it的用法
（1）it作代词代替上文中提到的无生命的事物或幼儿、动物。（2）作“这、那”解，指心目中的人。 （3）作无人称动词的主语，表示时间、天气和距离。 （4）作先行词，引导非谓语动词如动词不定式。 3.2物主代词 1.物主代词形式 物主代词分为形容词性和名词性。 2.物主代词的用法 3.3反身代词 1.反身代词形式
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间 接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如： He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如：
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属 于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外， 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先 行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语 里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first
中考英语语法复习：句子的种类 句子的种类 一、知识要点 句子就是具有一定的语法结构和语调，用来表达一个比较统统的独立意义结构。句子开头第一个字母要大写，句子末尾要有标点符号。 句子按用途分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1.陈述句：用来陈述一件事情或者某种事实、观点的句子。分为肯定句和否定句两种类型。 肯定句：They often go to school on foot.他们通常步行去上学。 否定句：My father doesn’t watch TV at home after supper.我爸爸晚饭后在家不看电视。 2.疑问句：用来提出疑问的句子。分为大凡疑问句、分外疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种类型。 ①大凡疑问句：能够用Yes或者No来回答的疑问句叫大凡疑问句，肯定回答用Yes，否定回答用No。 大凡疑问句的结构是：Be+主语+表语+……?或者是：助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+……? -Are you a teacher?你是老师吗? -Yes, I am.是的，我是。/-No, I am not.不，我不是。 —Does your mother go shopping on Sunday?你妈妈星期天购物吗?-Yes, she does.是的，她经常去购物。/-No, she doesn’t.不，她不经常去购物。 —Must we go at once?我们必须立刻走吗? —Yes, we must.是的，必须走。/—No, we needn’t.不，没有必要。
注意：大凡疑问句也可用表示肯定或否定的词来回答，如certainly(当然)，surely(当然)，of course(当然)，I think so(我想是的)，all right(好吧) certainly not(当然不是), notat all(一点也不), never(从不)，sorry(很抱歉)，not yet(还没有) I’m afraid not(恐怕不是)等。 ②分外疑问句：用来对句子的某一分外部分提问的句子叫分外疑问句。分外疑问句大凡用降调。其结构是：分外疑问词+大凡疑问句(+……)?对它的回答不能用Yes或者No，要根据询问的内容详尽回答。 -Where were you at that time?那时你在哪里?I was at home.我在家。 常用的疑问代词有who(谁)，whom(谁)，whose(谁的)，which(哪一个)，what(什么);疑问副词有when(何时)，where(何地)，why(为什么)，how(如何)以及“how+形容词”构成的短语。 Who is your teacher?谁是你的老师?(指人，作主语) Whom did you telephone to just now?你刚才给谁打电话?(指人，作宾 语)Whose coat is this?这是谁的大衣?(作定语) Which child knows the answer?哪个孩子知道答案?(作定语) What class are you in?你在几班?(指物，作定语) When will you arrive?你什么时候到?(提问时间) Where has he gone?他去了哪里?(提问地点) Why are you late again?你为什么又迟到了?(提问原因) How do you often go to school?你经常怎么去上学? (提问方式) How far is it from your house to your school? (how far提问距离) How often does he go to the French club?他多长时间去一次法语俱乐 部?(howoften提问频率)
上海中考英语语法专项练习题集和参考答案 目录 上海中考英语语法专项练习-代词练习卷一 2 上海中考英语语法专项练习-动词短语练习卷一8 上海中考英语语法专项练习-动词的时态练习卷一14 上海中考英语语法专项练习-非谓语动词练习卷一20 上海中考英语语法专项练习-冠词练习卷一25 上海中考英语语法专项练习-介词练习卷一31 上海中考英语语法专项练习-连词练习卷一33 上海中考英语语法专项练习-数词练习卷一39 上海中考英语语法专项练习-形容词和副词练习卷一45 上海中考英语语法专项练习-主谓一致练习卷一51 上海中考英语语法专项练习-简单句练习卷一56 参考答案61
上海中考英语语法专项练习-代词练习卷一 姓名 一、按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ 二、选填括号中正确的词 1. This is （my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3. （He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse （me / my / I）.
初中英语语法大全 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词 动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面名词或代词与其他句子成分关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主、谓、宾、定、状、表、宾补。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I‘m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。 间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力) 7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually keep their classroom clean.(他们通常让教室保持清洁) / He often helps me do my lessons.(他常常帮我做功课) / The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.(老师要我自学法语) ☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate Tom ?(你
初中英语语法大全-句子的种类 按照英语句子的使用目的和用途，句子可分为四类： 陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。 陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。 疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 图解语法 1. 陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法，陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句 特别提示：
肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时，如句中有already，some，something，somebody等词，须分别改成yet，any，anything，anybody 等。 另外，也要注意，too改成either，both改成neither，all改成none等。 2. 疑问句
3. 常用的特殊疑问句
4. 特殊的反意疑问句 ①主句是祈使句时，“will you?”意为“请求”，“won’t you?”表示提醒对方注意。 例句： Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you? Don’t be late again, will you? ②感叹句后的反意疑问，用一般现在时态的否定形式 例句： What fine weather, isn’t it? How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she? ③陈述部分是“I am …”时，用“aren’t I?”而不用“am not I?” 例句： I'm working now, aren’t I?
初中英语语法过关一一句子类型：复合句专项练习精选50题(宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句) ()1.— Do you know if our team the match tonight? ——It is hard to say.I will tell you the result if our team. A. wins;wins B.will win;will win C.wins;will win D.will win;wins ()2.— I believe Chinese astronauts will be able to land on the moon one day. —I agree with you.But I ' m not sure we can live on it. A.that;if B.that;that C.if;that D.if;if ()3.— Are you sure Li Ming has flown to London? —Yes.I saw him off at the airport just now. A.that B.if C.whether D.when ()4.— I ' m worried about I can pass the English exam. —Don' t worry.I ' m sure you will pass it. A.if; that B.whether; that C.that; if D.that; whether ()5.— Doctor,could you tell me? —Oh,nothing serious. He just has a cold. He will be fine soon. A. that there was anything wrong with my son B. if there was anything wrong with my son C. that there is anything with my son D. if there is anything wrong with my son
句子成分精讲 句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。 主要成分：主语和谓语 1、主语 一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。主语的位置： 一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike.代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number.数词做主语 The blind need more help.名词化的形容词做主语 There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 2、谓语 表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态. 英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词 句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。 谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。分析句子的主语和谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. He can play the piano. My parents and I are having dinner. 3、表语 用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。 表语的位置 用在动词be和系动词的后面。 名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。Your pen is on the desk. He got very angry. My dream is to have a robot.
上海建平中学中考英语语法填空训练中考英语专项训练含答案解析 一、英语语法填空汇编 1． 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过三个单词） A king had two sons and asked famous teachers to teach them. After a few ________（year）, the king fell badly ill. So he wanted to choose one of his sons as the next king, but which one would be the right person? He thought it over ________ a whole night. At last, he decided ________ （test） his sons. One day, he gave a room to each of ________ （they）, You must fill the room completely （完全地）with anything you wish. But there should ________ （be）no space left and you can't ask for advice from anyone!" The next day the king ________（visit） his elder son's room. The room was completely filled with grass. The king felt sorry about it. Then he went to ________other room, but it was closed. His ________ （young）son asked him to get in and closed the door again. It was dark everywhere, so the king shouted at him ________ （angry）, But suddenly the second son lighted a candle and the room was full of light. The king felt very excited and hugged him proudly. He realized: Wisdom（智慧） is more important than simple answers ________ are easy to get. 【答案】 years；for；to test；them；be；visited；the；younger；angrily；which/that 【解析】【分析】文章大意：国王有两个儿子，让著名的老师教他们，几年后，国王生病了，想找到一个聪明的王位继承人，让他两个儿子用自己想到的东西把房间填满，第二天分别去了两个儿子的房间，很高兴地拥抱了二儿子，他意识到智慧比简单的答案更重要。（1）句意：几年后，国王病的很严重。a few一些，后跟可数名词的复数形式，因此使用year的复数，故答案是years。 （2）句意：他仔细考虑了整整一个晚上。 a whole night是时间段，引出时间段的是介词for，故答案是for。 （3）句意：最后，他决定测试一下他的儿子。decide to do sth.，决定做某事，因此使用动词不定式，故答案是to test。 （4）句意：一天，他给了他们每人一个房间。of是介词，介词后使用宾格人称代词，将they改为them，故答案是them。 （5）句意：但是不应该有空间剩下，不能向任何人请求建议。本句为there be句式，should是情态动词，情态动词后使用动词原形，故答案是be。 （6）句意：第二天，国王参观了他的大儿子的房间。本文的基本时态是一般过去时，因此本句为一般过去时，应使用visit的过去式visited，故答案是visited。 （7）句意：于是他去了另一个房间。国王有两个儿子，分别对两人或者两件事进行描述，应使用短语one…the other…，一个……另一个……，故答案是the。 （8）句意：他的小儿子让他进去。又把门关住了。因为国王有两个儿子，先去的是大儿子的房间，后去的应该是小儿子的房间，大与小是相对的，因此都应使用比较级，故答案
一、句子成分精讲 句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。 主要成分：主语和谓语 1、主语 一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。主语的位置： 一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike.代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number.数词做主语 The blind need more help.名词化的形容词做主语 There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 2、谓语 表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态. 英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词 句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。 谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。分析句子的主语和谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. He can play the piano. My parents and I are having dinner. 3、表语 用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。 表语的位置 用在动词be和系动词的后面。 名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。 Y our pen is on the desk. He got very angry. My dream is to have a robot. 常见的系动词
中考语法整理 be busy doing sth. 例题：Look! This new couple are busy _________ their new flat. A. decorating B. to decorate C. decorates D. decorate 2．tell sb to do sth. 例题：He told Laura to take care of ___________. Don’t be too busy. A. she B. her C. hers D. herself 例题：Father often tells Tom ___________ too much time playing video games. A) don't spend B) to not spend C) not to spend D)doesn't spend 3．keep/make sth. + adj. 例题The head teacher asked all the students to help keep the school _______. .A. cleanly B. clean C. clear D. clearly 例题Let's do something together to keep our Earth ___________. (save) 4. find it + adj. to do sth. 例题The old man at th6 bus stop found it difficult for him to ___________ the crowded bus. A) get up B) get on C) get off D) get along 5. It is + adj. for sb. to do sth. It is important for us to ___________ our friendship. (strong) It's ___________ for a boy of four to work out such a difficult problem. (possible) 6.so … that… The girl was so ___________ that she hid herself behind the door. (frighten) 7.some…..some 句型一些。。。。。另一些。。。。 例题We can see many old people on the playground every morning. Some are miming and ____________ are dancing, A) other B) the other C) others D) the others 8．Sth looks +adj 看起来怎么样。。。。。 例题The comic strip looks very ____________ and is warmly welcomed by children. A) nicely B) widely C) beautifully D) lovely 9．Prefer A to B / prefer to doing A to doing B Because of the rain, I prefer ____________ at home to ____________. A) staying...hiking B) stay...hiking C) stay...hike D) staying...hike 10．四个花费
句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语 主要成分：主语和谓语 1、主语 是动作或状态的主语。主语的位置：一般位于句首 由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词和从句充当。 The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 What we shall do next is not yet decided. 从句充当主要 2、谓语 表示主语的动作或状态. 动词由动词或动词短语充当 谓语动词有人称、数、时态、语态的变化。 分析句子的主语和谓语 His parents are teachers. 系动词和表语构成谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. 行为动词做谓语 He can play the piano. 情态动词和行为动词构成谓语 We have finished reading the book. 助动词和实义动词构成谓语 3、宾语 是动作的对象或承受者。及物动词必须跟宾语. 对谓语对的进一步解释说明及物动词:直接接宾语的谓语动词. 不及物动词:不能直接带宾语的谓语动词. 宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句构成. I saw a plane in the sky just now.名词做宾语 We often help him. 代词做宾语 He likes to play basketb all. 不定式做宾语 I want three.数词做宾语 I enjoy going shopping.动名词做宾语 He said that he felt sick.从句做宾语
动词的时态语态 基础训练题 1. By the time I saw the angry expression in his face , I __________exactly what I was having to face. But not for a moment _________I should quit. A. had known ; I thought B. have known , had I thought C. would know ; I would think D. knew; did I think 2. In such a fierce competition , a person has to make every effort if he _________. A. has succeed B. is to succeed C. should succeed D. will succeed 3. The man opened his eyes and moved his lips , as if __________that he had something to tell the doctor. A. saying B. having say C. to say D. to have said 4, -----Is the meeting held in Room 302 or 303 ? -----It should be 302 . But I hear that it ________till tomorrow . A. was put off B. will put off C. has been put off D. is put off 5. The University of Tokyo is the oldest university in Japan and has always been in the lead when it comes to _________new challenges. A. be faced B. face C. facing D. faced