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牛津高中英语Module11 Unit4 The next step知识点梳理

牛津高中英语Module11 Unit4 The next step知识点梳理
牛津高中英语Module11 Unit4 The next step知识点梳理

Module 11 Unit 4 The next step

Part One New words

1. preview

(1) n. 事先查看,查阅(of);预看;预先审查(或检查);预习

They began their job with a preview of the day’s work.

They sent the recording for our preview. 他们把录音送给我们预先审查。

(2) vt. 预览、预习;预演;试映(电影)

The play is due to be previewed tonight. 这出戏定于今晚试演。

You’d better preview the text before class. 你最好在课前预习好课文。

表示时间和顺序先后等意义的前缀有:pre, ex, post, fore

(1) pre:前,领先,在……之前prevent 防止prehistoric史前的preface 序文predict预言previous早先的

(2) ex:外,先前ex-boyfriend前任男友except除外ex-student往届生

(3) post:后postwar战后postgraduate研究生postpone延迟

2. shrink vi./vt. 过去式: shrank/shrunk 过去分词: shrunk

①(使)收缩,缩短,皱缩②(使)变小,变少,变瘦

③畏怯,回避,退避[(+from)]

This dress material shrinks in the wash. 这种衣料一洗要缩水。

Hot water shrinks wool. 热水会使羊毛皱缩。

When his influence began to shrink, his wealth also decreased.

当他的影响缩小时,他的财富也减少了。

Shortage of hands has shrunk our plant’s yearly output.

人手不足已使我们厂的年产量减少。

The boy shrank into a corner when the bully threatened to beat him.

恶棍威胁说要揍那男孩,男孩便退缩到一个角落里。

She shrinks from meeting strangers. 她怕见生人。

Part Two Phrases and sentences

P50 1. say hello to sb 向某人打招呼say good-bye to sb 跟某人说再见

say sorry to sb 向某人道歉say Yes / No to sb 同意/ 反对某人

2. I’m writing this article to give you a quick preview of what to expect from

university life either in China or abroad. 我写这篇文章是为了让你们迅速预

知可以期待从大学生活中得到什么,无论是在中国还是在国外。

*give sb a preview of sth 使某人提前了解某事

At the start of the term, the teacher gave a preview of what the students would

study in the following term.

* review 复习(go over),评论,回顾

3. I had to decide which university to apply to and what course to study, and

then I needed to get a passport and visa to study abroad.

我必须决定申请哪所学习,学习什么专业,然后我需要为出国留学办理护

照和签证。

4. look through numerous brochures and college catalogues浏览了大量的

宣传册和学校课程目录

*look through 翻阅,浏览,审阅

I’ve looked through all the papers, but I still can’t find the one I needed.

5. decide on / upon 选定,确定

She decided on Nanjing University after a careful consideration.

经过仔细考虑后,她决定上南大。

Have you decided on a date for your wedding? 你选定婚期了吗?

(P59, Para.4) IT is a science course, and of course, students who decide upon

IT need to be interested in computers and be good at problem-solving.

信息技术是一门理科,当然,选修这门课程的学生必须喜欢电脑,并且擅

长解决问题。

6. Moving to Canada meant making some big adjustment to my life.

意味着对我的生活作一些大的调整。

*mean doing sth意味着

Missing this train meant our waiting for another hour.

错过这班车就意味着再等一个小时。

*mean to do 想要做某事= want to do / would like to do / intend to do

*had meant / intended to do = meant / intended to have done 本打算做某事

*What do you mean by saying so?你这么说是什么意思?

*by no means绝不by all means 当然可以(of course)

*All means have/Every means has been tried. 所有的/每个方法都试过了。

7. leave their nest at some point在一定的时候离开家

*nest 巢,穴,窝build a comfortable nest lay eggs in the nest

8. some people cannot handle being away from home

有些人无法应付背井离乡的生活

*handle = deal with = cope with = do with = approach = address 处理,应对

* handle a problem / a plane / a person 处理/ 操纵/ 对付

9. set up e-mail addresses建立了电子邮箱

10. I did not write to my family as often as I should have.

我本应该经常写信回家却没有做到。

11. feel a bit like a lost son returning有一点浪子回家的感觉

12. believe it or not信不信由你(插入语,动词形式不变)

Believe it or not, Tom got the first prize in the competition.

P51

13. do the / my laundry洗衣服

14. avoid shrinking my clothes避免衣服缩水

A bad harvest caused the farmers’ income to shrink.

收成不好使农民收入减少了。

15. live on one’s own = live alone = live by oneself 独自生活

*have a room of one’s own拥有某人自己的房间=have one’s own room

*own sth 拥有*owing to 因为

*owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 欠owe me an apology

16. learn to control the amount of money 学会如何控制开销

17. put some of your money away each week to make it last

每星期存一些钱已维持开支

18. on the first day of term开学第一天

19. be partly furnished只有部分家具un. furniture 家具a piece of ~

*furnish vt. 布置,装修;提高;

Many proprietors try to furnish their hotels with antiques.

许多经营者都想用古董装饰他们的酒店。

They'll be able to furnish you with the rest of the details.

他们将可向你提供其余的细节。

20. introduce me to baseball介绍我打棒球

21. be not very good with a bat or a baseball glove并不擅长打棒球

22. My advice to you is to prepare and think ahead so that you can have an easier time in making the change from home to university.我给你的建议是提前准备和思考,这样你就会更容易完成从家到大学的转变。

*have a hard / easy / busy / fun time (in) doing sth

23. do not hesitate to write to me.不要犹豫,尽管给我写信。

When you meet difficulties, don’t hesitate to turn to your teacher for help.

P53

24. give it a try尝试

25. as for choosing what course to take关于选修哪门课

*关于prep regarding / concerning / with regard to

26. a mine of information知识宝库mine n. 矿

27. make an easier adjustment from home to university

轻松地适应从家到大学的转变

P56

28. He is a bit of a Scrooge. 是一个吝啬鬼。

29. a sacred cow比喻某人或某物受到很高的尊崇,不能伤害

30. be over the moon非常高兴be wild with joy / on Cloud Nine

31. Pandora’s box 潘多拉的盒子

32. face his Waterloo 遭遇失败(滑铁卢)33. Mother Teresa特蕾莎嬷嬷, 一个无私为别人的人

P57

34. Mickey Mouse course 比喻因太容易而被忽视

35. dark horse黑马,出其不意获得成功的人dark sheep害群之马

36. Daniel in the lion’ den比喻面临困难的人

37. catch-22 第二十二条军规,指让人左右为难的规定或处境

in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地

38. Achilles’ heel 致命弱点或唯一弱点feet of clay

39. Jonah 比喻被击败的人,给他人带来厄运的人

40. a Herculean task 赫拉克勒斯的任务,指非常艰巨的任务

41. a good Samaritan好心的撒玛利亚人,指乐善好施者

42. concentrate / focus on my studies

43. come up 即将到来,走近,被提到,发生

Her cat came up and rubbed itself against their legs.

她的猫跑上前来,在他们腿上蹭来蹭去。

The subject came up during a pre-dinner drink with our guests.

在与客人喝餐前酒的时候,有人提到了这个话题。

Plan your activities so that you are rested and refreshed when something

important is coming up.

做好日常规划,这样一旦发生大事,才能够从容不迫。

44. bang my fist on the table一拳捶在桌上

45. feel a bit aimless 有点目标不定

46. like moving sideways across the sea and feeling alone and lost

就像在海中摇摆,心无定所,感到孤单而失落

47. land on one’s feet摆脱困境,化险为夷

P59

48. It is the time of year when all our Senior High Three students are trying to

decide which course to study at university.

49. prepare people to work in those fields which combine biology and

chemistry

50. environmental protection be environmentally friendly

51. on the list make a list of … a shopping list

52. It’s easy to see that …It’s not surprising that …

53. lead to a well-paid and high-status job带来收入高地位高的工作

54. require a good ability in maths

55. give serious thought to sth认真思考

P62

56. Zhenhua University is a university set in its own grounds just outside the

city. 振华大学是一所位于市郊的独立大学。

*be set in 以……为背景

*ground n. 范围,领域;理由,根据;有利条件,优势

Sensing she was on shaky ground, Marie changed the subject.

感到自己的观点站不住脚,玛丽于是换了个话题。

Owen was against it, on the grounds of expense.

欧文因费用问题对此表示反对。

There are signs that the party is gaining ground in the latest polls.

有迹象表明该党在最新一轮投票中正逐渐领先。

57. Therefore, as well as advancing your education, we also have some of

the best university sports teams in the country.

因此,除了促进你的学业,我们还有一些全国最优秀的大学运动队。

*advance v / n 前进,发展,促进,推动,提前

The water is advancing at a rate of 5cm a day.

水位正以每天5厘米的速度上升。

Japan has advanced from a rural, feudal society to an urban, industrial power.

日本已从封建农业社会发展成一个城市化工业强国。

Too much protein in the diet may advance the ageing process.

饮食中摄入过量蛋白质可能会加速衰老。

Their progress at work was mirrored by their children's educational advance. 子女在学业上有所进步,他们在工作上也就会有所起色。

I had asked everyone to submit questions in advance of the meeting.

我已请每个人在会议之前提交问题。

The subject of the talk is announced a week in advance.

会谈的主题已提前一周宣布。

58. The range of courses is very wide.课程的范围是非常广泛的。

*a wide range of sth各种各样的

*range from… to…从……到……之间变化

59. include the traditional courses in arts and science 包括传统的文理课程

60. obtain your bachelor’s degree, your master’s degree, and even your PhD 获得你的学士学位,硕士学位,甚至你的博士学位

61. Currently, Zhenhua has 20 research institutes or centers.

目前,振华有二十个研究所和中心。

62. provide students with the knowledge and skills to help them in their future careers为学生提供对他们未来职业发展有帮助的知识和技能

63. work to make itself the premier place for enquiry and research

努力使自己成为求知和科研的首要之所

64. exchange programmes交流项目exchange students 交流生

65. Beneath the arches of Zhenhua, we have over 11,500 students.

在振华的校园里

P63

66. focus on sharpening debating skills集中训练辩论技巧

*sharpen v 加强,提高,改善;使锋利

Her gaze sharpened, as if she had seen something unusual.

她眼睛一亮,仿佛看见了什么不寻常的事情。

You can sharpen your skills with rehearsal. 排练可以让技巧更加纯熟。

He started to sharpen his knife / sharpen his pencils. 他开始磨刀/削铅笔。With urbanisation the antagonism between rich and poor sharpened. 伴随着城市化的推进,贫富间的对立情绪也加剧了。

67. make the most of your time = make full use of / make the most use of /

take full advantage of充分利用

68. after-class activities课外活动after-school activities

69. computer rooms with Internet connection有网络接口的电脑室

70. a recreation center for students学生娱乐中心

71. a guest house for parents为家长服务的宾馆

72. (be)equipped with装备有,具有

Relative poverty, however, did not prevent Martin from equipping himself

with an excellent education.

然而,较为贫困的状况并没有阻止马丁让自己接受一流的教育。

This hotel is equipped with a central heating thermostat.

这家旅馆装有中央空调温度调节器。

His evening study has equipped him for a career as a teacher.

夜校的学习使他能担任教师的工作。(qualify)

73. operate a shuttle to and from the city center运营往返市中心的班车

74. arrange coaches to other major cities to send students back home

安排至其他主要城市的大巴送学生回家

*arrange for sb / sth to do sth安排某人或某物做某事

arrange for a car / Mr Smith to pick you up at the airport

*arrange an evening party筹备晚会*arrange your bookshelf 整理书架

*make arrangements for sth为……做准备

75. The admission requirements for Zhenhua are about the same as those for

many other universities in China.

振华的录取要求与中国其他许多大学基本一样。

76. get the best out of your education to ensure you a bright future

从教育中获取最大收益,以保你拥有光明的未来

77. take up a new sport (Line 28-29) 参加一项新的活动

*take up 开始从事;占据(occupy);开始对……产生兴趣

*take up gardening as his new hobby园艺是他的新爱好

*take up too much room / time *take up weapons拿起武器

*take turns to do / doing sth轮流做某事*take chances 抓住机会,碰运气

*take’s one’s seat 就坐= be seated / sit down / take one’s place

*take sth into consideration / account = take account of 考虑

*take advantage of 利用*take sb as …把某人看做

*take sth for example / as an example 以……为例*take office就职

*take on 呈现;雇佣;承担take on a new look 呈现新面貌take on more

employees雇佣更多的员工take on the responsibility of…承担…的责任

*take your time 别急,慢慢来*take pride in = be proud of 对…感到骄傲

*take to 从事;喜欢;沉溺于;养成……的习惯take to illegal behavior做

违法的事take to getting up early in the morning养成早起的习惯

*take measures / steps to do 采取措施做某事*take over 接管

*take one’s measure 量尺寸(做衣服)*take sth seriously 认真对待某事

*take back what he said收回他说的话*take control of 控制

*take sb by surprise使某人大吃一惊*tale possession of 占有

*take sth for granted 认为……理所当然take down 记下,放下

*take one’s place / take the place of取代*take in吸收,欺骗,理解

*take sb by the arm抓住某人的胳膊*take charge of掌管

(完整word)牛津高中英语模块1课文翻译

牛津高中英语课文翻译 牛津高中英语模块1课文翻译 Unit 1 School life in the UK 英国校园生活 Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. I was very happy with the school hours in Britain because school starts around 9 a.m. and ends about 3:30 p.m. This means I could get up an hour later than usual, as school in China begin before 8 a.m. 在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。我很满意英国的上学时间,因为那里是大约9点开始上学,下午3:30放学,这意味着我可以比平常晚起床一个小时,因为在中国8点之前就开始上课了。 On the first day, all of the new students attended an assembly in the school hall. I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana. We soon became best friends. During the assembly, the headmaster told us about the rules of the school. He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades. This sounded like my school in China. 在第一天,所有新生在学校礼堂集合,我坐在一个叫做戴安娜的女孩旁边,我们很快就成为了好朋友。在集合期间,校长告诉我们关于学校的规章制度,他还告诉我们,在学校要想赢得别人的尊重,最好的方法就是努力学习,取得高分,这一点听起来跟中国的学校差不多。 I had many teachers in the past year. Mr Heywood, my class teacher, was very helpful. My favourite teacher was Miss Burke – I loved the lessons that she gave in English Literature. In our class there were 28 students. This is about the average size for British schools. We had to move to different classrooms for different classes. We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names. 在过去的一年里,我有很多的老师,黑伍德先生,也就是我的班主任,对我很有帮助;我最喜欢的老师是伯尔克小姐,我喜欢她教的英国文学课。在我们班有28个同学,这差不多是英国学校的平均班额。我们在不同的教室上不同的课,上某些课的时候,班上的同学也不一样,所以对我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字是一件难事。 I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school. However, it was a bit challenging for me at first, because all the homework was in English. I felt lucky, as all my teachers gave me much encouragement and I enjoyed all my subjects: English, History, English Literature, Computer Science, Maths, Science, PE, Art, Cooking and French. 我发现这里布置的家庭作业不像我以前在原来学校时那么繁重,可是一开始我还是觉得有点挑战性,因为所有的作业都是英文的。让我感到幸运的是,所有老师都给了我极大的鼓励,也喜欢所学的科目:英语、历史、英国文学,计算机,数学、科学、体育、艺术、烹饪和法语。 My English improved a lot, as I used English every day and spent an hour each day reading English books in the library. I usually went to the Computer Club during the lunch break, so I could send e-mails to my family and friends back home for free. I also had an extra French class on Tuesday evenings. Cooking was really fun as I learnt how to buy, prepare and cook food. At the end of term we held a class party and we all had to cook something. I was glad that all my classmates were fond of the cake that I made. 我的英语提高了很多,因为我每天都使用英语而且我每天花一小时在图书馆看英语书,我经常在中午休息的时候去计算机俱乐部,这样我就可以免费给国内你的家人和朋友发邮件了。我还在每周二的晚上有一节法语课,烹饪课也很有趣,因为我可以学到如何购买、准备和烹饪食物,在学期末,我们有举行班级聚会,我们都需要做一些食物,让我很高兴的是我同学都很喜欢我做的蛋糕。

牛津译林版高中英语必修一模块一

高中英语学习材料 madeofjingetieji 盐城市龙冈中学牛津高中英语模块一测试题 命题人:程永华 第一卷(选择题,共75分) I.听力(共两节,满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.How much is the skirt? A.$19.15. B.$9.15. C.$9.50 2.What are the two speakers doing? A.They are having a rest. B.They want to have dinner. C.They are hiking on a hill. 3.What does the man mean? A.He doesn't like Chinese food. B.He doesn't want to eat out. C.He wants to pay for the meal. 4.What did the man do yesterday evening? A.He had dinner with his friend. B.He visited a friend. C.He saw a film. 5.When does Mr Brown have to be at the airport? A.At 8:30. B.At 9:30. C.At 10:30. 第二节(共15小题,满分15分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。 6.What kind of color TV does the woman want to buy? A.A small one. B.A big one. C.A cheap one. 7.What's the man's opinion about buying a TV? A.The woman should buy a small one. B.The woman should buy a big one. C.The woman should buy a cheap one. 8.Why does the man give the woman such a suggestion? A.Because the big one is too expensive. B.Because she will have to change it in a few years. C.Because her sitting room isn't very big. 听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。 9.Where is the boy going to spend his holiday? A.In the city. B.In his hometown. C.Abroad. 10.What will he do there? A.Do some farm work. B.Study at home. C.Do some housework. 11.Which of the following is TRUE? A.The girl knows how to farm. B.The boy's grandparents don't live in the city. C.The boy's school is in the country. 听第8段材料,回答第12至14题。 12.What are the man and the woman looking for? A.A comfortable hotel. B.A modern hotel. C.A cheap hotel. 13.Where could the man and the woman find the hotel they need? A.Next to the bank. B.A two minutes' drive to the west. C.On the left side of the street.

最新牛津高中英语模块六词汇表-带英标

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7 literature n.文学 8 average adj.一般的,普通的;平均的 9 challenging adj.具有挑战性的 10 lunchtime n.午餐时间 11 e-mail vt.给……发电子邮件 12 for free 免费 13 extra adj.额外的,外加的 14 cooking n.做饭;烹饪,烹调 15 prepare vt.&vi.准备 16 drop vt.放弃 17 Spanish n.西班牙语;西班牙人 18 German n.德语;德国人 19 woodwork n.木工工艺 20 miss vt.思念,想念 21 dessert n.(餐后的)甜点 22 field n.运动场,操场 23 experience vt.经历,体验 24 article n.文章 25 penfriend n.笔友 26 introduce vt.介绍 27 immediately adv.立即,马上 28 former adj.从前的,以前的29 recently adv.最近,近来 30 culture n.文化 31 develop vt.培养,养成 32 photograph n.照片,相片 33 donate vt.捐赠,捐献;赠予 34 gift n.赠品,礼物 35 display vt.陈列,展览 36 kindness n.善举;好意,善意 37 guest n.客人,来宾 38 speech n.演说,演讲,讲话 39 flat n.套房 40 bookcase n.书柜,书橱 41 attention n.注意,关注 42 pay attention to 注意 43 please vt.使满意,取悦 44 title n.(书的)名称;(文章的)题目,篇名 45 dynasty n.朝代,王朝 46 cover n.(书的)封面;盖子 47 back cover (书的)封底 48 recent adj.新近的,最近的 49 professor n.教授

牛津高中英语必修模块1-5 单词表

vt. 出席, 参加M1U01 1 n. 集会, 会议M1U01 1 vt. 赚, 挣得, 获得M1U01 1 n.& vt. 尊敬, 敬重, 尊重M1U01 1 vt. 赢得,取得:实现,成就M1U01 1 n. 学分,成绩,等级M1U01 1 n. 文学(作品), 文艺, 著作, 文献M1U01 1 adj. 一般的, 普通的,通常的, 平均的M1U01 1 adj. 具有挑战性的M1U01 1 n. 午餐时间M1U01 1 vt. 给……发电子邮件M1U01 1 ad. 免费M1U01 1 a. 额外的,外加的M1U01 1 n. 做饭,烹饪,烹调M1U01 1 vt.&vi. 准备M1U01 1 vt. 放弃M1U01 1 n. 西班牙人, 西班牙语M1U01 1 n. 德国人, 德语M1U01 1 n. 木工手艺M1U01 1 vt. 想念, 思念M1U01 1 n. 餐后甜点M1U01 1 n. 运动场,操场M1U01 1 vt. 体验, 经历M1U01 1 n. 文章, 论文M1U01 1 n. 笔友M1U01 1 vt. 介绍, 传入, 引进M1U01 1 ad. 立即, 马上M1U01 1 a. 从前的, 以前的M1U01 1 ad. 最近M1U01 1 n. 文化M1U01 1 vt. 培养,养成M1U01 1 n. 照片,相片M1U01 1 vt. 捐赠, 捐献,赠予M1U01 1 n. 赠品, 礼物M1U01 1 vt. 陈列, 展览M1U01 1 n. 善举,好意, 善意M1U01 1 n. 客人, 来宾M1U01 1 n. 演说, 演讲, 讲话M1U01 1 n. 套房,公寓M1U01 1 n. 书架, 书柜, 书橱M1U01 1 n. 注意, 关心, 关注M1U01 1 vt. 注意M1U01 1 vt. 使满意, 取悦M1U01 1 n. (书的)名称, (文章等的)标题,题目M1U01 1

(完整版)牛津高中英语模块1-5单词表(必修)

牛津高中英语模块一到模块五单词表 【牛津高中英语模块一词汇表】 enjoyable 有乐趣的experience 经历,体验assembly 集会,会议headmaster 校长 earn 获得;赚,挣得respect 尊敬,敬重 devote 致力于;献身literature 文学 average 一般的,普通的;平均的struggle 奋斗,努力;挣扎,难事;斗争;努力 challenging 具有挑战性的encouragement 鼓励 cooking 做饭;烹饪,烹调 for free 免费 extra 额外的,外加的 fond 喜爱的,喜欢的 be fond of 喜爱,喜欢Spanish 西班牙语(的);西班牙人(的) sculpture 雕像,雕塑 dessert 甜点 look back (on) 回忆,回顾satisfaction 满意 surf 冲浪 academic 学业的,学术的exchange 交换;交流 former 以前的 graducate 毕业生,毕业 fluent 流利的 painting 绘画,绘画作品donate 捐赠 kindness 善意 splendid 极佳的,非常好的independent 独立的 make use of 利用title (书的)名称;(文章的)题目,篇名 dynasty 朝代,王朝somehow 不知为什么;不知怎么地 recent 新近的,最近的professor 教授 inform 通知,告知 opening hours 开放时间 run 管理;操作 host 主持人;主人,东道主approve 批准,通过;赞成,同意charge 使承担责任;收费,负责,掌管 in charge of 负责,掌管schoolmate 同学,校友croadcast 广播,播放preparation 准备,筹备event (重要)事件;社交活动;比赛项目 outing 短途旅行,远足graduation 毕业 poet 诗人 generation 一代,一代人literary 文学的 select 选择,挑选courtyard 庭院,院子composition 作品,成分 act (戏剧的)一幕 curtain 窗帘;(舞台上的)帷幕can't wait to do something 迫不及待地做某事soccer <美>英式足球,足球frightened 受惊的;害怕的 be supposed to 应该……,应当…… bend (使)弯曲,弯腰,屈身

牛津高中英语模块一词汇表(英汉对照).pdf

模块一Unit 1 1 enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的;令人愉快的 2 experience n./vt. 经历,体验 3 assembly n. 集会,会议 4 headmaster n. 校长 5 earn vt. 获得;赚,挣得 6 respect n./vt. 尊敬,敬重 7 devote vt. 致力于;献身 8 literature n. 文学 9 average adj. 一般的,普通的;平均的 10 struggle n. 难事;斗争;努力 vi. 奋斗,努力;挣扎 11 challenging adj. 具有挑战性的 12 encouragement n. 鼓励 13 cooking n. 做饭;烹饪,烹调 14 for free 免费 15 extra adj. 额外的,外加的 16 fond adj. 喜爱的,喜欢的 be fond of 喜爱,喜欢 17 Spanish n./adj. 西班牙语(的);西班牙人(的) 18 sculpture n. 雕像,雕塑 19 dessert n. 甜点 20 look back (on) 回忆,回顾 21 satisfaction n. 满意 22 surf vt./vi. 冲浪 23 academic adj. 学业的,学术的 24 exchange n./vt. 交换;交流 25 former adj. 以前的 26 graduate vi. 毕业 n. 毕业生, 27 fluent adj. 流利的 28 painting n. 绘画,绘画作品 29 donate vt. 捐赠 30 kindness n. 善意31 splendid adj. 极佳的,非常好的 32 independent adj. 独立的 33 make use of 利用 34 title n. (书的)名称;(文章的)题目,篇名 35 dynasty n. 朝代,王朝 36 somehow adv. 不知为什么;不知怎么地 37 recent adj. 新近的,最近的 38 professor n. 教授 39 inform vt. 通知,告知 40 opening hours 开放时间 41 run vt. 管理;操作 42 host n. 主持人;主人,东道主 43 approve vt./vi. 批准,通过;赞成,同意 44 charge n. 负责,掌管 vt. 使承担责任;收费 in charge of 负责,掌管 45 schoolmate n. 同学,校友 46 broadcast vt./n. 广播,播放 47 preparation n. 准备,筹备 48 event n. (重要)事件;社交活动;比赛项目 49 outing n. 短途旅行,远足 50 graduation n. 毕业 51 poet n. 诗人 52 generation n. 一代,一代人 53 literary adj. 文学的 54 select vt. 选择,挑选 55 courtyard n. 庭院,院子 56 composition n. 作品;

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