省略句（elliptical sentences）
定义：省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，为了避免重复、突出新信息使上下文紧密连接的修辞手段。
省略的部分：单词、短语、分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断
一、哪些部分可以省略
（一）省略单词
1、省略介词
He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons. 他花了四个小时复习功课。
I ' ve studied Eng1ish (for) five years. 我已学五年英语了。
2、省略连词
I believe (that) you will succeed ．我相信你们会成功的。
It ' s a pity (that) he ' s leaving. 他要走，真遗憾。
I ' m sure (that) she will help you. 我肯定她会帮你的。
3、省略关系代词
I ' ll give you all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都给你。
He read the book (which) I got yesterday. 他看过我昨天买的书了。
二、省略句子成分
1、省略主语
Beg your pardon. （我）请你原谅。（Beg 前省略了主语I ）
Take care! 当心！（Take 前省略了主语you ）
Looks as if it will rain. 看起来象要下雨。（Looks 前省略了主语it ）
2、省略谓语
Who next? 该谁了？（Who 后面省略了谓语comes ）
The river was deep and the ice thin. （ice 后面省略了was ）
We ' ll do the best we can. 我们将尽力而为。（can 后面省略了动词do ）
3、省略表语
Are you ready? Yes, I am. 你准备好了吗？我准备好了。（am 后面省略了ready ）
He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth. 他还是象年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。（had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports ）
4、省略宾语
Let ' s do the dishes. I ' ll wash and you ' ll dry. 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。（wash 和dry 后面省略了宾语dishes ）
5、省略定语
He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 那钱他花了部分，其余的他都存了起来。（the rest 后面省略了定语of the money ）
6、省略状语
He was not hurt. Strange! 他没有受伤，真奇怪！（Strange 前面省略了状语how ）
1.
的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。如省略主语
（1）Looks like rain. （it）
（2）Hope to hear from you soon. (I)
（3）Sounds like a good idea.
2.
（1）They learn French and we English.
（2）My father planned and built all these houses.
（3）John won the first race and Jimmy the second.
3.
定语从句：（1）That’s the reason he is late for the conference.
状语从句：（1）If heated, water will boil. （2）Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river. 宾语从句：如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句的谓语部分或上文的谓语部分相同，可将从句部分的谓语省略。
（1）We will do what we can（do）to help you.
（2）—Is Mr. King in his office? —Sorry, I don’t know（whether he is in his office or not）.
4. 在动词不定式结构中，为避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to。（1）—Would you like to go with us ? —I’m glad to*, but I have to finish my homework.
→在used to, ought to, have to, would like/love to, wish to, be going to等结构中，常常省略to后面的动词原形。（1）They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to*
（2）He doesn’t get up early as he used to*.
（3）I’ll hand it in if I have to*.
（4）—Would you like to come tonight ? —I’d love to.
→Tell , warn , order , advise , ask等动词的宾语后接动词不定式做宾语补足语时，可以省略to后的动词原形。（1）He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to.
（2）The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother told him not to.
三、特殊用法
一、原文“空缺”，译文“增补”
两个主语不同的句子，谓语有相同部分，也有不同部分，如果用连词连接起来进行对比，则其相同部分在后面分句中可以省略，这样，后面分句中就出现“空缺”现象。“空缺”处通常被省略的是动词，或动词及其宾语、补足语等。汉译时不妨采用“补齐”的方法。
例如：A sound must be heard，a colour seen，a flavour tasted，an odour inhaled．，颜色必须目视，滋味必须口尝，气味必须鼻吸。（后三句省略must be）Histories make men wise；mathematic logic and rhetoric able to contend．；数学使人精细；逻辑和修辞使人善辩。（原文后两句省略make men）
二、英语状语从句中的省略部分可不译
than引出的比较从句中，套有when引导的时间从句或if引导的条件从句，而且该比较从句中的省略部分与整个句子的主要结构一致时则比较从句的省略部分可省略不译。例如：
My uncle is better than when I wrote to我伯父的身体比我上次给你去信时好些了（．．．than后面省略了he was）三、对英语中一些特殊省略结构译法需灵活，指的是按正常语法规则分析，有的无法增补，有的要用不同的方式来增补，使之成为完全句。因此，汉译英时，视上下文加以灵活处理。
1．“宾语＋主语＋谓语……and ＋谓语”结构
其中and连接的，是用作不同成分的同一个词，这个词既是第一分句的宾语，又是第二分句的主语。此结构的特点是，把宾语提到句首，使之兼任后一分句的主语，达到简化句子结构的目的。汉译时，可仍先译宾语，不必改变原文的语序。例如：
This substance we call water，and come next only to oxygen．这种物质称为水，其重要性仅次于氧。（＝We call this substance water，and this substance comes next only to oxygen．）
2．以“Hence ＋名词”开头的结构
hence是表示结果意义的连接副词，hence前面的句子表示原因，hence后面则省略了类似come的动词。它是倒装句。例如：
Hence（comes）this instruction of the experiment因此，有这本实验说明书。
3．某些常用词组引导的省略疑问句，通常不需要写出其省略部分。例如：
How（is it）about the result？结果怎么样呢？
4．由习语组成的省略结构So much is for the foundry processes．工艺过程的内容就是这些。（＝Enough has been said or done about．．．；That is all we'll say about...）
Now for the sound-wave method．现在谈谈风波方法。（＝And we will now talk about．．．）The grinding machine you operate must be oiled，and that at once．油，而且要马上上油。（and that是个加强语气的省略结构。that是指示代词，代替上文的全部，与and连用表示强调，后接状语。＝andmustbeoiledat可译为“而且”。）
四、介词（短语）的“无胜于有”
英语介词（短语）应用之频繁，简直到了“不可稍离”的地步。它是功能词中最积极、最活跃之一。但有时，为了用词简洁精练，在上下文意境清楚的前提下，介词常常省略。译文中也要采取相应的简洁表达手法。
1．动名词-ing前，有时省略介词。
Most people just ruin scissors by）trying to sharpen them．大多数人想把剪刀磨快，结果却磨坏了。
2．在含有way，height，length，size，shape，ckness等惯用语前，有时省略介词。
Try to keep your letters on）this side of 500 words．写信请勿超过五百字。
3．在以next，this，one，every，each，some，等开头的时间状语前，有时省略介词。
Nine days（from）now will be May Day．起再过九天，便是五一节。
4．在“noun ＋participle”，“noun ＋and all”结构中，有时省略介词“with”。
He jumped into the water，(with his）clothes and all．他和着衣服跳进水里。
5．某些动词、名词、形容词习惯搭配中的介词（短语），在以what，when，how，whether，that出的从句或不定式短语之前，有时被省略。例如：
I am not informed（as to）whether he went，why from．我没听说他是否去了，为什么去，什么时候去，来自何地方。（省略与informed搭配的介词as to。）
They are tempered to be careless (of）how they spend their time，because they imagine they have so much of it．对于如何支配时间，他们总是漫不经心，因为他们认为时间多的是。（省略与形容词careless搭配的介词of。）
省略句的基本情况总结 省略句的基本情况分为以下三个方面： 1.为避免重复而进行的省略。 当一个句子中有两个或更多相同的词、短语出现时，其中的第一个须保留，其余的往往省略，以达到避免重复、使句子简练的目的。高考中尤其要注意的情况是：当时间状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致并含有be时，往往将该状语从句中的主语和be一同省略。例如：He hurt himself while (he was) playing basketball.他在打篮球时受了伤。// He works very hard though (he is) still rather weak.他虽然身体还很虚弱，但他非常努力地工作。 2.语法上的省略。 有些成分的省略是出于语法上的原因——使表述更为简明，例如：He got up at six (o’clock).他六点钟起床。// He is twelve (years old).他十二岁。// I walked (for) ten miles.我走了十英里路。 3.习惯用法上的省略。 有些省略句的情况是出于习惯用法，尤其是在口语中。例如，在问句中be常常省略，有时连主语一起省略：Very easy?很简单吗？// Feeling unwell? 感觉不舒服吗？ 又如以what, how或why开头的某些问句：What (happened) next?下面要发生什么？// Why not?为什么不？// Why so?为什么这样？ ［考题1］He has made a lot of films, but ____ good ones. A. any B. some C. few D. many ［答案］ C ［解析］下划线处之前的but决定了只能选择具有否定含义的选项C。题干中的“few good ones”为省略句形式，单独看起来不好理解，应联系上文理解为“He has made few good films.” 1. ____ and I’ll get the work finished. A. Have one more hour B. One more hour C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour
1.Jane is dusting the furniture because Bob won't dust it. 2.Her life is yet one ceaseless round of work for others, as it has always been one ceaseless round of work for others. 3.He remained a great lover of sport, as he had been a great lover of sport in his youth. 4.Although he was told to stop, John kept on working till late at night. 5.I am happy if you are happy. 6.I gave my energy to other subjects though I was continuing to collect sufficient data for my research work. 7.Though he was seriously wounded, he flatly refused to quit the battlefield. 8.The relationship between our two countries is essentially good, even if it has been progressing slowly. 9.Although she was the youngest of the class, Mary captured all the prizes. 10.Be careful that you don't catch cold.
倒装句 一、定义：英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。 Eg：The bus comes here. Here comes the bus. 车来了。 二、分类：全倒装:将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装， 半倒装:只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。 Eg：Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house. 很多年前有一位老人住在那间木屋里。 Never have I been late for school this term. 这学期，我从来没上学迟到过。 三、全倒装：“五全”=有时表地方 经常与be/come/exist/fall/follow/go/remain/seem/stand（表示移动或动态的不及物动词连用） 或用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等?㈠、“有”：在“there be”结构里 Eg：There is a box on the table. 桌子上面有一个盒子。 ?㈡、“时”：表示时间副词，如：now，then, Eg：Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。 ?㈢、“表”：表语放句子前，“表语＋系动词＋主语”的结构 Eg：Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests. 格林先生和其他的客人在这个聚会上。 Seated on the ground are a group of young men. 一群年轻人坐在了地上。 ?㈣、“地”：地点状语放在句首 Eg：In south of the river lies a small factory. 小工厂位于河的南方。 From the valley came a cry. 山谷传来一阵哭声。 ?㈤、“方”：表方位的副词here, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off等标志词放在句首
初中英语倒装句 英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序，按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。之所以出现倒装，一方面是因为语法结构的需要，另一方面为了强调，有时两种原因兼有之。倒装句分为部分倒装和全部倒装。以下就分别讲述这两种倒装的用法。如果遇到一句，不知道使用全部倒装还是部分倒装的话，我们主要主要看其标志性的词语。 一、部分倒装 就是把谓语中的be动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语前面。常见于下列几种情况： (一). only所修饰的副词，介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，要用： only+ 状语+ be /助动词/情态动词+主语及其他 Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened. Only in this way can you make progress in your English. Only through education can we rise in the world. 注意：only修饰主语时，不需要倒装。 1. Only in this way ________to make improvement in the operating system. A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope 2．Among all the people, only you know the truth. (二).含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时。如：never, little, seldom, not, not only, not until, no sooner (…than), hardly (…when), rarely, scarcely, in no way等。 We seldom get up at four in the morning. = Seldom do we get up at four in the morning. Not a single word from him could express his feelings. Rarely have I heard of such a silly thing. (1) hardly…when; scarcely…when…; no sooner…than… 可以用正常语序had hardly done when… did 或用倒装句式Hardly had + 主语+ done when… did 句式。hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。 The bell hardly had rung when the class began. = Hardly had the bell rung when the class began. No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work. (2) not only… but also 如连接两个成分时，不用倒装；连接句子时，前面的句子要用倒装。
高中英语省略句讲练 为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis） 种类例句说明 主语的省略 Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day, isn’t it? Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea. 有时也可省略整个句子的 主语和谓语，只保留次要 成分。 She was poor but (she was honest. --Did you know anything about the accident? --Not until you told me. (= I didn’t know anything about it until you told me. 谓语的省略 --what do you think made Mary so upset?
--Losing her new bicycle (made Mary so upset. 状语从句的省略Seen from the plane (when it is seen from the plane, the house looks like tiny toys. If (it is possible, I’ll go there with you. 注意状语从句中的主语同 主句主语的一致性。 不定式的省略 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (not to ride his bicycle in the street. --Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? --I was going to (come yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor. 若不定式后面是完成时， 省略时应保留have；不定 式后含有动词be的结构 时，也要保留be动词。 --Did you tell him the news? --I ought to have (told him the news, but I didn’t know how to speak. --Are you an engineer? --No, but I want to be.
英语省略句的用法-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
省略句的基本情况总结 省略句的基本情况分为以下三个方面： 1.为避免重复而进行的省略。 当一个句子中有两个或更多相同的词、短语出现时，其中的第一个须保留，其余的往往省略，以达到避免重复、使句子简练的目的。高考中尤其要注意的情况是：当时间状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致并含有be时，往往将该状语从句中的主语和be一同省略。例如： He hurt himself while (he was) playing basketball.他在打篮球时受了伤。// He works very hard though (he is) still rather weak.他虽然身体还很虚弱，但他非常努力地工作。 2.语法上的省略。 有些成分的省略是出于语法上的原因——使表述更为简明，例如：He got up at six (o’clock).他六点钟起床。// He is twelve (years old).他十二岁。// I walked (for) ten miles.我走了十英里路。 3.习惯用法上的省略。 有些省略句的情况是出于习惯用法，尤其是在口语中。例如，在问句中be常常省略，有时连主语一起省略： Very easy?很简单吗？// Feeling unwell? 感觉不舒服吗？ 又如以what, how或why开头的某些问句： What (happened) next?下面要发生什么？// Why not?为什么不？// Why so?为什么这样？ ［考题1］ He has made a lot of films, but ____ good ones. A. any B. some C. few D. many ［答案］ C ［解析］下划线处之前的but决定了只能选择具有否定含义的选项C。题干中的“few good ones”为省略句形式，单独看起来不好理解，应联系上文理解为“He has made few good films.” 1. ____ and I’ll get the work finished. A. Have one more hour B. One more hour C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour
高考英语最新省略句知识点解析 一、选择题 1．As we all know, , the pollution will get worse and worse. A．not if carefully dealt with B．until not carefully dealt with C．if not carefully dealt with D．when not carefully dealt with 2．The boss asked Tim to go and out if there was anyone else absent. A．find B．finding C．to find D．found 3．Our bedroom ________ 8 metres across, if ________ in metres. A．is measured; measured B．is measured in; measuring C．measures; measured D．measures in; measuring 4．If the same treatment again, he is sure to get well. A．giving B．give C．given D．being given 5．I decide I will not attend her birthday party ________. A．if inviting B．when inviting C．unless invited D．while invited 6．If ________ to very loud music every day, young people may risk going deaf. A．expose B．exposing C．exposed D．to expose 7．—Frequent lack of breakfast does harm to health. — , why do you always do that? A．So what B．If so C．If any D．Even so 8．Friendship is like money, easier made than ______. A．being kept B．to be kept C．keeping D．kept 9．If ______ in class, you will have to clean the classroom for a week as a punishment. A．to catch to sleep B．caught to sleep C．catching sleeping D．caught sleeping 10．The text and dialogues below focus on cultural differences between Chinese and Western societies which can create misunderstanding if ______. A．ignore B．to be ignored C．ignoring D．ignored 11．Mimosa, 15 cm in height, is a sensitive small plant, which will close when ______. A．touching B．touched C．is touched D．to be touched 12．Jerry has promised to keep the secret, so he won't tell anyone even though . A．asking to B．to be asked C．to ask D．asked to 13．When ________how a statue from distant Greece____in China，researchers explained that it
第八讲省略句的翻译 The translation of elliptical sentences Complete sentences in Chinese translated into English elliptical sentences 1. 要注意你的一言一行。 Mind your p’s and q’s. 2. 你是傻子？你才一点不傻呢！ You foolish? Not a bit of it. Chinese elliptical sentences translated into English elliptical sentences 1.必要的话，我可以马上离开。 If necessary, I’ll be leaving at once. 2. 遇到困难，可找我帮助。 When in trouble, turn to me for help. Chinese elliptical sentences translated into English complete sentences 1.大伙劝他歇歇，他不。 They all advised him to have a rest, but he wouldn’t listen. 课堂练习 1. 好久不见了。 2. 怎么啦？小伙子！找下个对象没有？ 3. 怕不能去。 4. 他有自己的打算，但不愿意向别人谈论。 5. 多年来一直喝这种苦药，我真是喝够了。 6. “她怎么啦？” 又饿又急，昏过去了。 7. 这件事你不懂，就别在操心了。 8. 她找着了就送过来。 9. 妈不像您，见钱就忘了命。 10．严重吗？不，只是胃有点疼。一定是吃多了。 1. 好久不见了。 I haven’t seen you for ages. Long time no see 2. 怎么啦？小伙子！找下个对象没有？ What about it young man? Have you found yourself a girl yet? How are you doing, young man/lad? Have you found a girl friend yet?/a girl friend for you would-be wife?/a girl friend after your heart?/a partner
高中英语语法：省略句的类型和用法 在英语语言中，为了使语言简洁明了，重点突出或上下文紧密相连，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变，这种语言现象称之为省略。现就英语中的种种省略现象分析如下： 一、并列复合句中的省略 在并列句中后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分。如： a) The boy picked up a coin in the road and (the boy ) handed it to a policeman. 这个男孩在马路上拾起一枚硬币并把他交给了警察。 b) Your advice made me happy but(your advice made) Tom angry .你的建议使我高兴但使汤姆生气。 c) Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been)doing her homework. 汤姆肯定一直在打篮球，玛丽一直在写作业。 d) Gao Xiumin was born in 1959 and Fu Biao (was born) in 1963.高秀敏出生于1959年，傅彪出生于1963年。 二、主从复合句中的省略 1.状语从句中的省略 一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中：1)由when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引导的时间状语从句;2)由whether ,if , unless 等引导的条件状语从句;3)由though , although ,even if ,whatever等引导的让步状语从句;4)由as ,than 等引导的比较状语 从句;5)由as, as if , as though 等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时应遵循下面原则： 1) 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：(1) 连词(as, as if , once)+ 名词; (2) 连词( though, whether , when)+形容词;(3) 连词(whether, as if ,while )+介词短语;(4) 连词(when , while , though )+ 现在分词; (5) 连词(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as ) + 过去分词; (6) 连词(as if ,as though ) + 不定式。如： a) Once (he was)a worker ,Pang Long now becomes a famous singer .庞龙曾经是个工人，现在变成一位著名的歌手。 b) Work hard when (you are) young ,or you'll regret.趁年轻要努力学习，要不然你会后悔的。 c) He looked everywhere as if (he was)in search of something .他到处看似乎在找什么东西。 d) While (he was) holding talks with President Hu Jintao ,US President George W. Bush thanked China for its important role in the Six-Party Talks.美国总统布什在与胡锦涛主席会谈时，感谢中国在六方会谈中起的重要作用。
高考英语省略句知识点分类汇编附解析 一、选择题 1．When people cut down big trees, new trees should be planted. ,they will have no trees to cut down in the future. A．If not B．If so C．If no so D．If don’t 2．The flowers he bought will die unless every day. A．watered B．watering C．being watered D．to water 3．Though ________ of the danger, Mr. Brown still risked his life to save the boy in the fire. A．having told B．being told C．to be told D．told 4．---Are you a teacher? ---No, but I ________. A．used to B．was used to C．used to be D．used to do 5．We will gather for the community service at the school gate at 8 tomorrow morning unless . A．otherwise informing B．otherwise being informed C．otherwise informed D．having otherwise informed 6．—How is Amy suffering from liver failure? —The doctor has said if in a proper way, she is likely to recover. A．to be treated B．treated C．treating D．is treated 7．The text and dialogues below focus on cultural differences between Chinese and Western societies which can create misunderstanding if ______. A．ignore B．to be ignored C．ignoring D．ignored 8．It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine. ________, we’d better take it to the garage immediately. A．Otherwise B．If not C．But for that D．If so 9．Unless ________ to speak, most high school students here prefer remaining silent in class. A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited 10．A good interviewer is able to tell very quickly if you’ve done your homework about the company, so make sure you ________! A．do B．have C．will do D．did 11．As we all know, , the pollution will get worse and worse. A．not if carefully dealt with B．until not carefully dealt with C．if not carefully dealt with D．when not carefully dealt with 12．—Those senior citizens cheated should have been warned of illegal fund-raising.
高考倒装句专项练习 Part One 单项选择 1._______ and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat 2.______ and the lesson began. A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came C. In came he D. came in Mr Brown 3. Over _______ , dead. A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled 4.— Where is my shirt, mum? —_________. A. There is it B. There it is C. There is D. Here is it 5. — Where is your father? —Oh, ________. A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he 6.The door opened and there ________ . A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered 7. Now ______ your turn to recite the text. A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is 8. Often _____ them not to smoke here. A. we advised B. advised me C. did we advise D. had we advised 9. ________ playing soldiers. A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the room two boys C. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was two boys 10. On the wall _______ two large portraits. A. are hanging B .Hanged C. hang D. hangs 11. _______ who was wounded in the stomach. A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldier C. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier 12. Next door to ours ________ , who is no less than eighty. A. that lives an old man B. does an old man live C. lives an old man D. where lives an old man 13.She plays the piano very well, ______. A. so every one of us does B. every one of us does C. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us 14.You say he works hard, ______, and _____. A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do you C. so does he; so do you D. so does he; so you do 15. —I thought you women were present at the meeting. —__________. A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we 16.I don’t think Jack will come today, _____. A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesn’t C. Mary will either D. or Mary does 17. She is fond of cooking, _____I . A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do 18.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with Engles C. So was Engles D. So did Engles 19.A fish needs water and without water it will die._______. A. So does a man B. So will a man C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man 20. So absorbed _______ the work that she often forgot to _____ her meals. A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have 21.So loudly ______ that every one of the class could hear him. A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke
省略句（elliptical sentences ） 定义：省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，为了避免重复、突出新信息使上下文紧密连接的修辞手段。 省略的部分：单词、短语、分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断 一、哪些部分可以省略 （一）省略单词 1、省略介词 He spe nt four hours （in） going over his less ons. 他花了四个小时复习功课。 I ' ve studied Eng1ish （for） five years. 我已学五年英语了。 2、省略连词 I believe （that） you will succeed . 我相信你们会成功的。 It ' s a pity （that） he ' s leaving.他要走，真遗憾。 I ' m sure （that） she will help you.我肯定她会帮你的。 3、省略关系代词 I ' ll give you all （that） I have.我要把我所有的一切都给你。 He read the book （which） I got yesterday.他看过我昨天买的书了。 二、省略句子成分 1、省略主语 Beg your pardon.（我）请你原谅。（Beg前省略了主语I ） Take care!当心！（Take前省略了主语you ） Looks as if it will rain.看起来象要下雨。（Looks前省略了主语it ） 2、省略谓语 Who next?该谁了？（Who后面省略了谓语comes ） The river was deep and the ice thin. （ice 后面省略了was ） We ' ll do the best we can.我们将尽力而为。（can后面省略了动词do ） 3、省略表语 Are you ready? Yes, I am.你准备好了吗？我准备好了。（ am后面省略了ready ） He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth.他还是象年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。（had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports ） 4、省略宾语 Let ' s do the dishes. I ' ll wash and you ' ll dry. 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。（wash和dry后面省略 了宾语dishes ） 5、省略定语 He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 那钱他花了部分，其余的他都存了起来。（the rest 后面省 略了定语of the money ） 6、省略状语 He was not hurt. Strange!他没有受伤，真奇怪！（Strange前面省略了状语how ） 二、什么句式中可以省略 1. 简单句中的省略: 在对话中，交谈双方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语
高考英语省略句知识点知识点总复习附解析(1) 一、选择题 1．We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse. A．not if dealt carefully with B．if not carefully dealt with C．if dealt not carefully with D．not if carefully dealt with 2．—It was careless of you to put your new bike downstairs all night. —My God!________. A．So I did B．So it was C．So did I D．So have I 3．The boss asked Tim to go and out if there was anyone else absent. A．find B．finding C．to find D．found 4．Some of you may have finished the text. _______, you can go on to the next. A．If ever B．If so C．If possible D．If not 5．Don’t ______ in the exam while _______ an exam. A．calm, take B．cheat, taking C．list, taking D．ignore, take 6．It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine. ________, we’d bett er take it to the garage immediately. A．Otherwise B．If not C．But for that D．If so 7．Lei Feng was a person who was only too ready to help others, seldom ________, refusing them when they turned to him. A．if never B．if ever C．if not D．if any 8．Unless ________ to speak, most high school students here prefer remaining silent in class. A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited 9．What do you feel when _______ to yourself after your mobile phone battery runs out in the middle of a call? A．leaving talking B．left talking C．being leaving talking D．being left talking 10．_____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor. A．Other things were equal B．Other things being equal C．To be equal to other things D．Other things to be equal 11．Present at the funeral were about 1000 people, many more than__________. A．is expected B．expected C．having expected D．having been expected 12．—Have you been to the Great Wall?
英语倒装句讲解 倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装 14.1 倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1）here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如： Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your letter. 你的信。 2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。例如：Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。 Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全 倒装。例如： Here he comes. 他来了。 Away they went. 他们走开了。 14.2 倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time决不, in no way, not until…等。例如： Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如： I have never seen such a performance. ---never have I seen such a performance. The mother didn\'t leave the room until the child fell asleep. ---not until the child fell asleep the mother did leave the room. 典型例题 1）Why can\'t I smoke here? At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D.does smoking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. 2）Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.