考研英语经典长难句训练题（二）
一、长难句训练题
1、Creating a “European identity”that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice—that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.
2、The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite from Mars.
3、It has also been proposed that just because we know so much about people intuitively, there has been less incentive for studying them scientifically: Why should one develop a theory, carry out systematic observations, or make predictions about the obvious?
4、You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.
5、Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
二、长难句训练题解析
1、
解析：
句子的主干是Creating a “European identity”is no easy task and demands a strategic choice。第一个that是定语从句的关系代词，引导定语从句来修饰European identity；而第二个that即that of producing …，这个that就是一个指示代词，指前文出现过的名词choice。which引导定语从句修饰different cultures and traditions。
参考译文：
不同的文化和传统把欧洲大陆编制成一体，要创造出一种尊重这些不同文化和传统的“欧洲品牌”绝非易事，需要人们做出战略性的选择，即选择在欧洲为欧洲做节目。
2、
解析：
主句为：The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by…and by…。主句主语的结构为: The issue of whether…and whether…。of短语修饰the issue, that the Red Planet…是evidence的同位语从句，（即是evidence的具体内容）。that bacterial fossils…是suggestions的同位语从句，说明suggestions 的具体内容。）
参考译文：
越来越多的证据表明，这个红色行星上曾经有稳定而丰富的液态水，而且人们对从火星落到地球上的细菌化石陨石的说法一直有争论，这使火星上是否存在过生命和是否至今仍有生命的问题成为了引人注目的重点。
3、
解析：
主句为：It has also been proposed。That…for studying them scientifically是主语从句，是形式主语it的真主语。because we know so much about people intuitively是这个主语从句中嵌套的原因状语从句。冒号后面是一个简单句，对前面内容起解释说明作用。）参考译文：
还有解释说，正是由于我们对人的直觉了解太多，所以我们没有科学地研究这些直觉的动力：对于显而易见之事，人们为什么要建立一种理论、进行系统的观察或是作一些预言呢?
4、
解析：
主句为：You have all heard it repeated,后面三个that引导的宾语从句是it形式宾语的具体内容。这三个that从意义上可以看作一系列连续的动作。
参考译文：
你们都多次听说过，科学家是用归纳法和演绎法工作的，而且从某种意义上来说，他们依靠这种方法力求从自然界归纳出某些自然规律，然后根据这些规律，用自己的某种非同一般的本领，建立起他们的理论。
5、
解析：
本句的主干即是Behaviorists suggest that ...；that引导suggest的宾语从句，动词是will experience；who引导修饰child的定语从句，动词为is raised；where引导修饰environment 的定语从句，动词为are；which引导修饰stimuli的定语从句，动词为develop。
参考译文：
行为主义者的看法是，如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境里成长，而这些刺激物能够发展其做出适当反应的能力，那么，这个儿童将会有更高的智力发展。
2016考研英语：真题经典长难句必背(一) 一篇考研阅读理解文章中一般会出现3-5句长难句，而且还至少有一道针对长难句理解 的考题，因此很有必要熟悉长难句的种类以及它们各自的重点。 1、主从复合句 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. [参考译文] 当艺术上的一项新运动达到一定流行程度时，最好先弄清该运动倡导者的目的，因为， 无论他们的创作原则在今天看来多么牵强、多么荒谬，在未来这些理论有可能会被视为正常 的东西。 [结构分析] 本句的主干是it is advisable to find out... for... it is possible that...，句首的When引导一个时间状语从句，句中的for... it is possible... (至句末)是一个并列分句，表示原因，其中for后面的however +形容词farfetched and unreasonable引导状语从句，表示让步。在主干it is advisable to find out... 中，it是形式主语，后面的不定式结构to find out what its advocates are aiming at是真正的主语。 2、并列句 While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner. [参考译文] 与你谈话时，可能成为你未来老板的人会考虑你所受的教育、你的经历和你的其他资历 是否在雇佣你以后会给他带来好处。你的"资历"和能力必须有条不紊、合理连贯地展示出来。 [结构分析] 这也是一个并列句，包含两个分句。第一个分句的主干是your could-be employer is deciding whether...，其中whether引导一个宾语从句whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you;第二个分句的主干是your "wares" and abilities must be displayed...。注意：pay sb. to do sth.此处的意思是"做…对…有利";"wares"的本义是"商品、货物"，但在本文中，作者认为找工作就是推销自己，所以结合本文的背景，
考研英语长难句经典例子解析 来源：文都图书 考研英语的长难句在广大考生心中一直是一个超级大难点，数不清的生词，看不明白的句型和混乱的时态都让考生脑袋大了不止一圈儿，所以今天这篇文章就和大家分享一下攻克长难句的技巧。以《考研英语长难句解密》中的一句超长的长难句为例。 【经典长难句】 The increase in numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of house work and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire. 【词汇突破】 have to do with…与…有关 Economic necessity 经济需求 pool of single women workers 单身女工的资源 high marriage rates 高结婚率 【参考译文】20世纪，在家庭外被雇佣的女性人数增加了，这与其说是由于家务活的机器化和闲暇时间的增加，还不如说是由于女性自身的经济需求和由于高结婚率。正是高结婚率减少了单身女工劳动力资源的数量，而在这之前很多情况下，她们是雇主们会雇佣的唯一女性。 像书中的解句顺序一样，攻克长难句首先应该拿下句中的生词和短语，这是基础，是盖房所需的砖瓦，然后再攻克句法，拿下房屋结构，这样再对照参考译文，以前觉得很难的长难句就“柳暗花明又一村”了。希望大家首先消除内心对长难句的恐惧心理，静下心来好好分析，好好学习，争取早日拿下长难句，拿下考研英语！加油！
考研英语（二）长难句讲解 https://www.doczj.com/doc/b05027161.html,lennials wanted more flexibility in their lives, "notes Tanya Michelsen, Associate Director of Youthsight, a UK-based brand manager that conducts regular 60-day surveys of British youth, in findings that might just as well apply to American youth. 【翻译】青春视野是一家位于英国的品牌公司，它定期对英国青年进行了60天的调查。其副总监（联合董事）Tanya Michelsen在同样可能适用于美国青年的研究发现中指出，“千禧一代希望在生活中有更大的灵活性。” 2.Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas—city centres, “school streets”，even individual roads—are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance. 【翻译】限制高污染汽车驶入某些地区，——如市中心、学区街道等，甚至是个别道路，这一限制措施是因为我们没有付出更大努力来严格执行现有法规和要求汽车公司生产合格车辆。 3.Madrid’s back and forth on clean air is a pointed reminder of the limits to the patchwork，city-by-city approach that characterises efforts on air pollution across Europe, Britain very much included. 【翻译】马德里（西班牙政府）在治理空气问题上的反复不定，明确提醒人们整个欧洲（在很大程度上也包括英国）为努力治理空气污染所采取的逐个城市拼凑的方式是有其局限性的。
2016考研英语：经典长难句训练与解析 进入暑期强化复习黄金期，各位2016考研的考生们要在这2个月迅速提高复习效果。在复习考研英语阅读的时候，大家最怕的就是长难句。那么，怎样才能攻克考研英语长难句这只拦路虎呢?要想长难句不再难，方法之一就是在复习的时候，多多练习一些经典的考研英语长难句。俗话说：熟能生巧!一种句型，当你练习了几遍，考试时看到同样的句型，也就知道该如何作答了。为了帮助各位2016考研的同学攻克长难句，给大家整理了一些经典的长难句训练题，并附有详细的解析，《2016考研英语：经典长难句训练与解析》希望能帮助大家。 考研英语长难句训练题： 489、Achievement happens because you as a personembody the external achievement; ybu don't“get”success but become it. 490、Scientists jumped to the rescue with Somedistinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insectswould eat us up if birds failed to control them. 491、But we have at last drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as amatter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us. 考研英语长难句解析： 第489题： 【分析】并列复合句。分号连接两个并列分句。第一个分句包含because引导的原因状语从句;第二个分句为简单句,but连接两个并列的谓语动词。翻译时整个句子顺译。 【点拨】external achievement若直译为“外部的成就”，意思模糊不清,本句中结合语境可意译为“成就的外部面貌”。 【译文】成就的出现是因为你作为一个人本身体现了成就的外部面貌;你不是“获得”了成功,而是变成了成功。 第490题： 【分析】多重复合句。句子主干为Scientists jumped tothe rescue。with some distinctly shaky evidence作伴随状语,翻译时为了使译文流畅，可直接译为动宾关系“拿出某些明显站不往脚的证据”。to the effect that是修饰evidence的同位语从句，在此同位语从句中，would eatus up表示一种假设情况，而这种情况是基于if引导的条件句所描述的情形。 【点拨】1、jump to sth.表示“匆匆…”，如jump to a conclusion“匆匆得出结论”。jump to therescue中jump要根据语境，翻译出一种“着急”的心态，可译为“立即，迅速”。2、shaky作形容词时，意为“摇晃的，颤抖的，发抖的”或“不坚定的，不可靠的”。本句中后接evidence,因此应译为“不可靠的，站不住脚的”。3、to the effect that意为“大意是，含义是”。 【译文】科学家们立即拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据前来救驾，大致是说如果鸟类不能
第五讲特殊句式及长难句解析 1．简单句、并列句、复合句 从句: 名词性：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 形容词性：定语从句 副词性：状语从句--- 时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、比较、方式 2．省略句、比较结构、倒装句、分割结构 英语中还有一些特殊句式，出现在阅读理解中，势必会成为我们理解文章的障碍。但是，特殊句式还是有语法规律的，因此，如果我们能熟练应用特殊句式的语法规律，在阅读中一眼就能识别并领会这些特殊语法现象，障碍就基本克服了。 1.省略句 资料47 To err is human; to forgive, divine. Brevity is the soul of wit. 文体畅晓，其智乃见。（省略是将句子中的赘述部分删去，避免重复，使句子更简洁，加强表达内容的连贯性和逻辑性。被省略的部分大多是主语、谓语或谓语中的助动词等。文章中的省略现象会使句子成分短缺，造成句子不完整，如果看不出句子中省略了什么成分，就容易造成对文章的理解困难。 省略句一般只有当各组成部分有共同的成分才可能出现省略。对于这类句式，其难点在于发现省略成分，一旦找出并补充完整，句意理解就会大大简化。 省略句如果出现在翻译中，在翻译的时候，一定要把省略的部分翻译出来，否则会扣分。A：and 连接的并列句的省略 材料48页：Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.（2002） 分析：很明显，and with it possibly the only way to solve our problem，是一个省略句，with 做状语一般表示伴随，这一个分句只有一个状语加一个名词结构，构不成一个完整的句子。实际上，与前句相同的成分才会被省略，前一句的谓语部分是：will continue to be rejected. 所以，后一分句补充完整就是：with the rejection of the technology of behavior, possibly the only way to solve our problem will continue to be rejected. 练习：1. The reasons for poverty are many, but for the most part center on illiteracy, the lack of opportunities and in some cases pure laziness. (主语the reasons) 2.He majors in English, and I, in French. (谓语major ) 3.Self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismay. (省略主谓) B：状语从句中的省略 规则：当主句的主语与从句主语一致时候，且从句的谓语动词是Be动词时候，从句可省略主谓。See 材料48页1. 让步状语从句2 时间状语从句 3．If handled properly and not misused, the clone technology will only bring more benefit than disaster to mankind. (条件状语从句) 4．Some people look as if afraid of nothing. (方式状语从句) 5．The computer is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary. （比较）真题例句1 Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorable to life except planets like our own revolving round a sun. 这是复合句。in which引导定语从句，修饰astronomical body. 介词except引起的短语作
考研英语真题经典长难句精析【前10句】 1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will makeit difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion thatmakes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. 结构分析: 句子的主干是This will beparticularly true…。since引导原因状语从句。此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energyAmerican fashion。在定语从句中，that 做主语，makes做谓语，it做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine fewfarmers with high yields 则是真正的宾语（不定式短语内部to combine是主干，few farmers是宾语，with high yields 是状语），possible做宾语补足语。this指代前句中提到的这种困境。energy pinch译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。 译文： 这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。 2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure thatthe scale with which we are comparing our subjects providesa“valid”or“fair”comparison. 结构分析: 句子的主干是we must be sure…。since引导原因状语从句the assessment ofintelligence is a comparative matter。主句中又有that引导的宾语从句that the scale withwhich we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison。此宾语从句中又套嵌一个由介词with+which 引导的定语从句with which we arecomparing our subjects修饰先行词the scale。scale在此处意为“尺度、衡量标准”。 译文： 既然对智力的评估相比较而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所用的尺度能够提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。 3. In general，the tests work most effectively when thequalities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectivelywhen what is to be measured or predicted can be not well defined. 结构分析: 句子的框架是the tests work mosteffectively when…and least effectively when…。and连接两个并列分句，每个并列分句中皆有一个when引导的时间状语从句分别说明work most effectively和and（work）least effectively。第二个时间状语从句中还有一个主语从句what…predicted。the tests是主句的主语，work为动词做谓语。qualities在此处是可数名词，不译为“质量”，而译为“特征”。defined不能直译为“被定义为”，而应译为主动语态“界定”。译文：一般来说，当所需要测定的特征能被精确界定时，测试最为有效;而当所测定或预测的东西不能被明确界定时，测试效果最差。
2021考研英语经典长难句分析 考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是该注意的，下面由我为你精心准备了“2021考研英语经典长难句分析”，持续关注本站 将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯! 2021考研英语经典长难句分析 A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure “gender parity” on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.(2020年text3) 分析长难句，我们贯穿始终的分析方法便是四步法： 一、寻标志，断长句 1.我们常用的标志有标点、从属连词、并列连词以及长的名词性短语。以这一长难句为例，我们可以依照逗号来断句，将整个句子分为三个结构。结构一：A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad;结构二：to ensure “gender parity” on boards and commissions, 结构三：provide a case in point. 二、抓住干，识修饰 说到句子的主干，无非就是句子的主谓宾，句子的核心是谓语，这一长难句中的谓语动词是provide，也许有同学会觉得sponsored也是一个动词，但是我们细心观察后面跟的是by这样的介词，这让我们想到了很熟悉的结构——N.+定语。所以这个句子虽然很长，但却是一个简单句，只有一套主谓宾。主语是A pair of bills，宾语是a case，sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad是定语，修饰限定bills，to ensure “gender parity” on boards and commissions,也是定语，修饰限定前面的bills。
考研英语阅读真题经典长难句必背 阅读命题常针对长难句。所以很有必要熟悉长难句的种类以及它们各自的重点。今天先介绍长难句的把握方法，再给出一些典型的句子，建议熟读甚至背诵，以做到考试时碰到类似句子就能抓住重点。 一、长难句一般应对策略 1.从句又多又长：一个主句带多个从句，从句中又含有从句 应对方法：先抓主干，找出复杂句中最核心的主谓宾，再层层展开 2.句子中带有长长的插入成分：用插入语来交代某句话是谁说的或者是说话人的身份，或解释、说明前面的内容 应对方法：理解句子主干时，先不理会插入语，等把主句的意思看完整，然后再看插入成分 3. 分词短语、独立主格结构的干扰 应对方法：主句最重要的特征就是有完整的主谓结构，尤其是独立的谓语部分。一个看似句子的结构，如果没有独立的谓语部分，它就不是句子，而是分词短语、独立主格结构等，可以先跳过不看 4. 三种情况的混合 应对方法：从前向后，抓住独立的谓语部分，从而区分出主句和分词状语，再根据主句与从句之间的连接词，区分出主句和从句，层层扩展理解，插入语在哪个层次，就放在哪个层次理解 二、特殊句型 对于特殊句型，如虚拟语气，可以将其理解成一种反事实假设，也就是作者的观点和态度与之相反。对于分隔结构而言，其主干一般在破折号、逗号和定语从句之外，阅读时可以先跳过修饰成分。对于关联结构，要学会寻找第二部分，因为第二部分有时是句子的重点。如在not…but…之中，重点在but…之后。 三、具体句子 1、复合句 When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded
考研英语真题经典长难句精析【前10 句】 1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will makeit difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion thatmakes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. 结构分析: 句子的主干是This will beparticularly true…。since引导原因状语从句。此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that 引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energyAmerican fashion 。在定语从句中，that 做主语，makes 做谓语，it 做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine fewfarmers with high yields 则是真正的宾语(不定式短语内部to combine 是主干，few farmers 是宾语，with high yields 是状语)，possible做宾语补足语。this指代前句中提到的这种困境。energy pinch译为"能 源的匮乏” ;in???fashion译为"用…方法、方式”。 译文： 这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。 2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure thatthe scale with which we are comparing our subjects providesa “ valid” or“ fair” comparison. 结构分析: 句子的主干是we must be sure…。since弓丨导原因状语从句the assessmentofintelligenee is a comparative matter。主句中又有that 弓丨导的宾语从句that the scale withwhich we are comparing our subjects provides a"valid "or"fair"comparison。此宾语从句中又套嵌一个由介词with+which 弓丨导的定语从句with which we arecomparing our subjects 修饰先行词the scale。scale在此处意为"尺度、衡量标准" 。 译文：既然对智力的评估相比较而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所用的尺度能够提供"有效的"或"公平的"比较。 3. In general，the tests work most effectively when thequalities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectivelywhen what is to be measured or predicted can be not well defined. 结构分析: 句子的框架是the tests work mosteffectively when …and least effectively when …。and 连接两个并列分句，每个并列分句中皆有一个when 弓导的时间状语从句分别说明work most effectively和and (work) least effectively。第二个时间状语从句中还有一个主语从句what…predicted。 the tests是主句的主语，work为动词做谓语。qualities在此处是可数名词，不译为"质量"，而译为"特征" 。defined 不能直译为"被定义为" ，而应译为主动语态"界定" 。译文：一般来说，当所需要测定的特征能被精确界定时，测试最为有效;而当所测定或预测 的东西不能被明确界定时，测试效果最差。 4. For example ，they do not compensate for gross socialinequality ，and thus do not tell how able
考研英语长难句翻译分析 对于考研学子来说，现阶段考研英语的主要复习任务是攻克词汇和语法长难句，在此为各位考生归纳总结了长难句的要点，希望能对大家有所帮助。 1、While warnings are often appropriate and ne ___ssary — the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and ___ny are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the ___nufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. [译文] 尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告—许多警告还是按州或联邦 ___规定要求给出的，然而（我们）并不清楚，如果顾客受到害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。 [分析] 在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the ___nufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured 是主句。主句用了一个形式主语 it，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句，而 that 从句之后是一个 if 引导的条件从句。从句由两个部分组成，中间用 and 连接。破折号之间的部分是举例说明 warnings的内容。注意： ___ny
1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. 结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。since引导原因状语从句。此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energy American fashion。在定语从句中，that做主语，makes做谓语，it做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语（不定式短语内部to combine是主干，few farmers是宾语，with high yields 是状语），possible做宾语补足语。this指代前句中提到的这种困境。energy pinch译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。 译文：这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。 2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison. 结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。since引导原因状语从句the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter。主句中又有that引导的宾语从句that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison。此宾语从句中又套嵌一个由介词with+which引导的定语从句with which we are comparing our subjects 修饰先行词the scale。scale在此处意为“尺度、衡量标准”。 译文：既然对智力的评估相比较而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所用的尺度能够提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。 精品文档
1. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope, or pronghorn. 美洲羚羊，或称叉角羚，是该大陆典型的草原动物。 2. Of the millions who saw Haley’s comet in 1986, how many people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century? 1986年看见哈雷彗星的千百万人当中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢？ 3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions. 人类学家们已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。 4. Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued. 由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。 5. In group to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable. 任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。
1.Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore—and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands. 2.Foreigners who understand the degree to which Americans are imbued with the notion that the free, self-reliant individual is the ideal kind of human being will be able to understand many aspects of American behavior and thinking that otherwise might not make sense. 3. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trust worthy and reliable. 4. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician -assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect”, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects-a good o ne that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen-is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. (2002, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text4) 5. Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit-card accounts in America disclosed on June 17th, overshadowed a hugely important decision a day earlier by America’s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) that puts corporate America on notice that regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security. (2007, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 4) 6. He points out that he always expected much difficulty in expressing himself
1. Looking beyond the 10-year period，the botanists estimate that some 3，000 native plant species may become extinct in the foreseeable future—more than 10 percent of the approximately 25，000 species of plants in the United States. 在展望10年后的情况时植物学家们估计，在未来可预见到的时间内，3 000种本地植物——占美国近25 000种植物的10%——将可能灭绝。 2. The annual migrations of wildfowl and many other animals certainly cannot be regarded as a form of exploration，because such movements are actually only shifts from one habitat to another for the purpose of avoiding seasonal climatic variations. 野生禽类和许多其他动物每年的迁徙，当然不能被看做是一种探险行为，因为，这些迁徙活动实际上只是从一个栖息地转移到另一个栖息地，以躲避气候的季节性变化。 3. Proponents of G-M foods argue using biotechnology in the production of food products has many benefits：it speeds up the process of breeding plants and animals with desired characteristics；can be used to introduce traits that a product wouldn‘t traditionally have；can improve the nutritional value of products；and can produce cheaper and more environmentally friendly fertilizers. 转基因食物的倡导者指出，用生物技术生产食物有很多益处：它能加速作物和牲畜的生长速度，并使它们具有所要求的特点；它可以给食物增添以往不具备的特征；可以改进食物的营养价值；可以生产出廉价、环保效果更好的肥料。 4. What makes this debate unique is that every meal we eat is at its very core. And that fact means one thing：it ‘s an issue to be discussed not only around policy tables，but dinner tables. 使这场辩论不同一般的是：我们吃的每顿饭都成为争论的中心。而且，这个事实意味着一件事：这不仅是政策制定会上应该讨论的问题，而且是饭桌上要讨论的问题。 5.“Contact us before writing your application”or“Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”is how it is usually expressed. “写申请前同我们联系”，“利用我们多年的经验来准备你的学历或工作经历”，这种广告经常这样宣传。 6. There is no doubt，however，that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae. 但是，毫无疑问，正是由于在申请工作的过程中具有大学学历的人数增加，使得简历更加重要。 7. Other goals of the interview are：to answer questions successfully，obtain any additional information needed to make a decision，accent your special strengths，establish a positive relationship，show confidence，and to sell yourself. 参加面试其他的目标包括：成功地回答问题，为做决定获得更多信息，强调自己的特殊优势，建立良好的关系，表达自己的信心，推销自己。 8. Based on these goals，place yourself in the role of the interviewer and develop anticipated questions and answers to three categories：company data，personal data，and specific job data. 在明确这些目标的基础上，将自己设想为面试你的人，在以下三个方面为自己设想出一些问题以及这些问题的答案：公司数据信息，个人信息，有关某份工作的特定信息。 9. Since the interview will center on you，proper self-management process is divided into four stages：the before stage，the greeting stage，the consultation stage，and the departure stage.