2012届高考英语语法精品学案：专题11 名词性从句.pdf

高考英语名词性从句知识讲解名词性从句是指在复合句中起名词作用的句子，功能相当于名词词组。

名词性从句在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，根据在句中的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、主语从句【定义】在复合句中，作主语的句子称为主语从句。

常见的连接词：（连接词在句中不能省略）that, whether, who, what, whatever, whoever, where, when, why, how等。

【用法】1.连接词 that 引导That we should learn English well is very important.主语从句中 we should learn English well句子完整，不缺成分，用that引导，that 不能省连接词whether，if 引导whether 引导的主语从句可放句首，也可放句中，表“是否”if 引导的主语从句只能引导动词后的宾语Whether I will go or not depend on the weather.It remains to be seen whether / if they can finish the task in time.2.连接代词what, who, which, whose, whatever, whichever，whoever等引导What matters most is your attitude.3.连接副词when，where，why，how等引导How he made it is still unknown.4.it作形式主语为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在句首，真正的主语放在句子后面。

常见句型：(1) It is + n.+ that + 句子It is +（a pity / a shame / a fact …）+ that ...(2) It is + adj.+ that + 句子It is +（true / clear / important …）+ that ...(3) It is + 过去分词 + that + 句子It is+ said / announced / expected / believed / hoped… + that ...(4) It seems /appears / happens / turned out that + 句子(5) It hit sb./occurred to sb.that + 句子二、宾语从句【定义】在复合句中，作宾语的句子称为宾语从句。

语法复习：名词性从句前置作业班级_____ 姓名__________ 学号_____名词性从句分为4类：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句主语从句subject clause [klɔ:z] 宾语从句object clause表语从句predicative clause [prɪˈdɪkətɪv] 同位语从句appositive clause [ə'pɒzɪtɪv]II 分辨下列句子是属于哪一类名词性从句California is a miniature(微缩版模型) of the US. It’s the third largest state with the largest population in the country. The Indians settled in what we now know as California 15,000 years ago. California used to be ruled by Spain for over two centuries and later became a part of Mexico which had to give it to the US after its failure in the American-Mexican war. That is why today there is still a strong Spanish influence in California. It is in the Gold Rush period that a large number of immigrants from all over the world were attracted to California by the dream of becoming rich. However, what brought most of the Chinese immigrants to California is building the rail network. In the recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia. We hold the belief that California will become more multicultural in the future.Cloning is an advanced technology with which scientists can create an exact copy of a plant or an animal. Like a coin with two sides, cloning has both advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, people are excited about the idea that cloning may help us in producing plants and medical research. On the other hand, the fact that cloned animals may die very young frustrated （使…受挫）the scientists. In addition, many people hold the view that human cloning must be strictly forbidden because some moral questions will put us in dilemma(进退两难). We have no idea whether cloning will bring us more benefits than harm.III. Writing task:范文：Once upon a time, there were four blind men. They didn’t know what an elephant looked like, so they were very curious. Luckily, one day, they got good news that they could touch an elephant by themselves. They each got hold of a different part of the giant elephant. The first blind man believed that an elephant was like a fan because he was touching one of its ears. The second blind man who touched its nose held the belief that an elephant was like a rope. The third man said that it was like a pillar after he touched one of its legs. The last man argued that it was like a wall when he touched its body. What an elephant really looked like became their topic of debate（辩论）. The truth is that we should not jump to a conclusion before we get all the details.模仿上文，从下面的题目中任选一个进行描述或者说明，尽量多使用名词性从句1. 成语故事：愚公移山，亡羊补牢，画蛇添足，守株待兔，叶公好龙，刻舟求剑，塞翁失马，孟母三迁2. 校园生活：高中生不应该带手机来学校我最喜欢的科目/老师/同学我参加了学校的艺术节/科技节/运动会……在两年的高中生活中我最大的收获展望未来的高三生活语法复习：名词性从句课堂练习班级_____ 姓名__________ 学号_____句式提升练习：使用含有名词性从句的复合句改写下列句子，每个句子至少写出两种改法。

高考英语语法填空真题分析之名词性从句连词专题名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句四种。

名词性从句连接词的选择是考查的重点。

名词性从句连接词的选择可从连接词在从句中的作用（即成分）和意义两个方面入手：一是连接词在从句中作不作成分，如果作成分，作什么成分；二是连接词在从句中有无意义，如有意义，是何意义。

具体见下表：1.that引导名词性从句that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不作成分，也没有任何意义。

1. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence __________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. (2019全国I)【答案】that【解析】句意：虽然在北纬88度以北它们较为罕见，但是有证据表明，它们的活动范围延伸到北极，向南延伸至加拿大的詹姆斯湾。

there is evidence是一个there be句型，后面又是一个句子，所以空白处应填连词；这是一个同位语从句，连接词在从句中不作成分，也没有意思，所以用that引导。

2. It is possible _________ caffeine may cause birth defects (缺陷) in humans, too. (2018浙江) 【答案】that【解析】句意：咖啡因也有可能婴儿一出生就带有缺陷。

这是一个复合句。

it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句，所以这是一个主语从句，连接词在从句中不作成分，也没有意义，故填that。

3. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ___________ one can be entirely free from dust. 【答案】that【解析】句意：雨季最惬意的事情就是人们可以远离尘土。

高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题十专题十五五 名词性从名词性从句句名词性从句的句法功能相当于名词词组，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。

因此名词性从句又分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

类别功 能 引 导 词 从属连词只起连接作用，不充当句子成分 that, whether, if 连接代词 起连接作用，并充当主语、宾语、表语或定语 who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever, whichever,whoever连接副词 起连接作用，并充当从句状语when, where, how, why 一、主语从句的易错点主语从句的一般结构主语从句＋谓语动词＋其他 How the book will sell depends on its author. That he is the best student in the class is obvious.it 作形式 主语时的主语从句 It+be/becomes/became+形容词／名词／过去分词＋主语从句 It is still a question whether she will come or not. It became clear that Mary did make a mistake. It seems/ appears/ happens 等动词＋that 从句 It seems strange that he should have done a thing like that. It happens that he can understand a little about thelanguage. It remains to be+过去分词＋主语从句It remains to be seen who will be the victor in the contest.It doesn't matter +how/whether 从句 It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not.It doesn't matter much whether we go together orseparately.用来表示惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，主语从句谓语动词用（should) do 形式 It is necessary /important / natural /strange 等＋that 从句It is necessary that one(should)obey the law.It is suggested /requested /proposed/desired 等＋that 从句It is suggested that you (should) attend the openingceremony.二、宾语从句的易错点动词后的宾语从句主语＋及物动词＋宾语从句I know that he is an honest boy.Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?I wonder if/whether you have told the news to Li Lei.They asked what Jean was doing now.Do you know who has won Red.Alert game?feel, think, find, consider, make等，常用it作形式宾语，宾语从句后置I find it important that.we should keep calm in danger.You may think it strange that he would live there.I feel it a pity that I haven't been to the get-together.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.like, dislike, love, hate, enjoy,appreciate等不能直接跟宾语从句，必须用it作形式宾语，后接宾语从句I like it that everyone passed the exam.I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.think, believe, suppose, 等词后的宾语从句若是否定的，否定词要转移到主句的谓语动词上I don't think your answers are right.I don't believe that man is killed by Jim, is he?介词后的宾语从句介词后可接宾语从句，但连接词whether 不可换作ifHe often thinks of how he can make his class lively.She worries about whether she's really good enough.非谓语动词之后的宾语从句不定式、v.-ing形式、过去分词后也可以接宾语从句I'd just tried to do what I could for you.I suggest eating what is fresh.宾语从句中的时态主句谓语动词为一般现在时，从句时态根据实际情况而定Do you know when the ancient games began?主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的时态一般用适当的过去时态He asked me if I was reading the textbook when he wasin.当宾语从句为客观真理和规律时，则用一般现在时He said that light travels faster than sound.whether与if 引导宾语从句的区别与 or not 连用时，只用 whether I want to know whether or not the train goes to KingStreet.＂whether+不定式”结构作宾语，相当于一个宾语从句；if无此用法I don't know whether to go there.介词后面的宾语从句中只用whetherI'm not interested in whether he has a lot of money.if引导的条件句中，如果再有表示“是否”的引导词引导宾语从句时，只用 whetherHe asked me whether I'd move to Beijing if I got the job.doubt 在肯定句中，接whether 和if引导的宾语从句；但在否定句中，只用 thatWe don't doubt that he is a brave man.I doubt whether/if Jack could manage a sailing boat.三、表语从句的易错点表语从句常位于连系动词be, look, remain, seem等之后，其连接词还有as if/though,because等主语＋系动词＋表语从句The trouble is that we are short of money.He looked just as he had looked ten years before. The question is whether they will be able to help us. The problem is who we can get to replace her.I think it is because you are doing too much.The question is which of us should go.because 引导表语从句强调原因，why引导表语从句强调结果It's because you're careless.That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.the reason why 从句＋be + that 从句The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.what 从句＋be+that从句What comforted the young mother was that the babycame to life.It looks/seems as if/though 从句It looks as if it is going to rain.At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.主句主语是advice, demand, suggestion, order，requirement, idea, request，command等时，表语My advice is that you(should)quit smoking.从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用（should)do 形式My suggestion is that we(should)start early tomorrow. Our only request is that this(should)be settled as soon as possible.四、名词性从句其他易错点that与what 在名词性从句中的区别what 充当成分，意为...的事物不可省略；that 不作任何成分，只起连接作用，也无实际意义，有时可以省略I only knew(that)he was studying in a western country,butI didn't know what country he was in.What you need is more practice.That you will win the medal seems unlikely.名词性从句已有疑问引导词时，不再用thatI don't understand what you said just now.(understand 后不再用 that)2021高考英语语法高考英语语法【【名词性从句名词性从句】】易错点对点训练30题I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空1.Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.2.She asked me I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.3.The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.4.As natural architects,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.5.If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigate is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.【答案详解】1.whoever解析：句意：每年，无论谁做出最漂亮的风筝都将会在风筝节获奖。

名词性从句Noun Clause考情分析•主要考查题型：语法填空（每年1题左右）、短文改错（每年1题左右）•语法填空主要考查连接词的选择，其中that、what、how的考查频率最高。

•短文改错主要考查：1. that与what的混用2. 连接词（that）、连接代词(what，which)与连接副词（how，where）之间的混用3. 连接代词(what，which 和 who）之间的混用•语法填空：1. One day, he came up with an idea ______ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. （2008广东）2.______ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. （2013四川）3.______ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. （2015北京）短文改错：1. After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. （2015新课标II）_____________________2. No lectures this morning so I think I'd email you and let you know what things are going. （2009宁夏）______________3. But before long they began to see which was happening. （2012新课标）___________概念三要素分类解题步骤CONTENTS5巩固练习4321一、概念•定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子。