名词性从句Noun Clauses
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
例：
主语His job is important.
What he does is important.
表语This is his job.
This is what he does every day.
宾语I don’t like his job.
I don’t like what he does every day.
同位语I don’t know about the man, Mr. White
I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.
主语从句
“It” is used as empty subject.
为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。
1. It is certain that he will succeed.
2. It is not known whether he will go there.
3. It has not been decided yet when they’ll start the project.
在下列句型中通常用引导主语从句
1. It’s likely / possible / important / necessary / clear that… 很可能/重要的是……/必要的是……/很清楚……
2. It’s said / reported that… 据说/据报道……
3. It seems / appears / happens that… 似乎/好像/碰巧......
4. It’s been announced / declared that…已经通知/宣布……
5. It’s no wonder that… 并不奇怪/无疑……
6. It’s a pity / a fact / common knowledge (众所周知)/ a common saying (俗话说) that…
宾语从句
宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分(可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语)
连接词有连词that, whether, if (that常可省略)
连接代词who, what, which, whoever, whatever,
连接副词when where why how
注意：1. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句
?当whether后紧跟or/or not时,不用if.
I don’t know whether I will stay or not.
?介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
2. that在宾语从句中的省略与保留
?在主+谓+it (形式宾语) +宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略
We must make it clear that we mean what we say.
?由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略。
He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.
表语从句
表语从句: 在句中充当表语成分，一般放在系动词之后。
作用: 对主语进行解释说明。
连接词：连词that / whether / as if / as though (if不引导表语从句)
连接代词who / whom / whose / which / what
连接副词when / where / why / how / because
同位语从句
同位语从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词(idea; belief; fact; truth; problem; news等)后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。
同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when / where / why / how / whether
Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot. The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.
REFERENCE
?名词性从句考点归纳
一、名词性从句的语序
(1) 名词性从句构成有两种
a. that + 陈述句
That light travels in straight lines is known to all.
b. 疑问词+句子的剩余成分
This is what we are looking for.
(2) 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。
T or F
1. 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。
How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )
How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )
2. 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？
Could you tell me where he lives? ( )
Could you tell me where does he live? ( )
二、名词性从句连接词的选用
(1) that 和what 的选用
that 和what 都可引导所有的名词性从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
that ? what
1. ______ he wants is a book.
2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious.
3. The result is ______ we won the game.
4. This is _____ we want to know.
5. Is _____ he told us true?
6. We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying.
7. I have no doubt _____ he will come.
8. I have no idea ____ he did
(2) if和whether 的选用不能使用if 的情况:
a. 主语从句
b. 表语从句
c. 同位语从句
d. 介词后的宾语从句
e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.
f. 与or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.
whether ? if
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2. ________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
4. I d on’t know ___________ he is well or not.
5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
6. The question is ________ he should do it.
7. The doctor can hardly answer the question________ the old man will recover soon.
8. I haven’t decided _______ to go there.
(3)其它连接代词和副词的使用
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义，正确的选择who, which, when, where, why, how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。
1.我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。
______ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.
2.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。
I don’t know ________ broke the glass yesterday.
3.我不知道他长的什么样子。
I have no idea _________ he looks like.
4.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。
This is _________ I left my glasses.
(4) that可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略
that不可省略的情况：主语从句表语从句同位语从句
用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略
that ? (that)
1. I don’t think _______ she is coming.
2. It is a pity _______ he has made such a mistake.
3. The reason is _______ he is careless.
4. The news _______ our team won the match inspired us.
5. I don’t think it necessary _____ you should read English aloud.
6. He told me ______ his father had died and _____ he had to make a living alone.
三．同位语从句的引导和辨别
1.同位语从句的格式：n. + 连接词+ 从句
2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact, idea, news, order, belief, suggestion, advice, information 等
3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether, what, when, where等来引导同位语从句。that/whether/where/how
1. I have no idea _______ he comes from.
2. He can’t answ er the question _____ he got the money.
3. He gave us many suggestions _______ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.
4. I have no doubt ______ he will win.
5. I have some doubt ________ he will win.
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语, 它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接
作用, 而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分, 充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。
2. 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明, 表明中心词的具体内容。
引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分, 引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分, 只起连接作用, 无具体含义, 且不可省略。
AT ? A V
1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.
2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.
1. The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into
university.
2. The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.
注意：名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气, 结构为should + do, should可省略
He gave me a suggestion that I (should) be calm now.
小测试：
1.They expressed the hope ___ they would come over to China.
A. which
B. that
C. whom
D. when
2. The fact ___ he didn’t see Tom yesterday is true.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. what
3. I have no idea ____ he will come back.
A. where
B. when
C. what
D. if
4. One of the men held the view ___ the book said was right.
A. what that
B. that which
C. that what
D. which that
5. Word has come _____ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.
A. what
B. whether
C. that
D. which
6. The question is ____ the film is worth seeing.
A. if
B. what
C. whether
D. how
7. They received orders _____ the work be done at once.
A. which
B. when
C. /
D. that
8. The reason ____ I have to go is ____ my mother is ill in bed.
A. why; why
B. why; because
C. why; that
D. that; because
9. ___ I can’t understand is ___ she wants to change her mind.
A. What; why
B. Which; how
C. That; why
D. What; because
10. ____ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.
A. That
B. Whether
C. If
D. Even if
11. It is known to us ___ where there is pollution, there is harm.
A. which
B. where
C. what
D. that
12. I have the information ____.
A. of what he’ll come soon
B. that he’ll come soon
C. of that he’ll come soon
D. his coming soon
13. --- I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.
--- ____ it made me nearly mad.
A. That he broke
B. What he broke
C. He broke
D. His break
14. It remains a question ____ we can get so much money in such a short time.
A. how
B. that
C. when
D. what
15. --- Can I help you? --- Yes, do you know ____?
A. when comes the bus
B. when will come the bus
C. when does the bus come
D. when the bus comes
16. He made a promise ___ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.
A. that
B. if
C. what
D. that if
17. They lost their way in the forest and ____ made matters worse was ___ night began to fall.
A. what; that
B. it; that
C. what; when
D. which; what
18. It now appears ______ they are in need of help.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. how
19. It is good news ______ they will arrive in a few days.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. how
20. It ______ Joe drives badly.
A. thought that
B. thinks that
C. was thought that
D. is thought that
21. You must do well ______ the teacher asks you to do.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
22. This is ______ she was born.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. what
23. The question is ______ we can’t go there today.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. when
24. The question is ______ it is worth doing.
A. if
B. whether
C. which
D. what
25. The reason he has made such great progress is _______ he has never wasted his time.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. what
26. My suggestion is ______ we should turn the land into rice fields.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. where
27. His proposal is that the dam ______ at the foot of the mountain.
A. build
B. will build
C. be built
D. will be built
28. My advice is that he ______ regular house.
A. keep
B. would keep
C. keeps
D. kept
29. ______ knows the truth will tell you about it.
A. Who that
B. Whoever
C. Whom that
D. That who
30. We all know the truth _____ the earth goes round the sun.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. whether
31. We heard the news ______ our team had won.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. where
32. The problem ______ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.
A. which
B. that
C. whether
D. if
Translation
1.重要的是你做什么，而不是说什么。
2. 他出生在何时何地还不知道。
3. 那个人何时被谋杀，为什么被谋杀尚不知道。
4. 问题是他对那个小男孩做了些什么。
5. 我们相信他已经挣了足够的钱来盖所房子。
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态
高中英语语法定语从句总复习 郴州资兴三中李俊才 定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫 作定语从句。 一、关系带词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose (=of whom) Whose (=of which) that 例１：This is the detective who came from London. 例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. ２．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼泪。） (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。 (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。 There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分 概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组，名词从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一．主语从句 1.作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether, if和连接代词what, who, which, whatever,whoever以及连接副词how, when, where, why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用。连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。主语从句要求使用陈述句语序。 What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well. How he was successful is still a puzzle. That he is going aboard made him excited. Where the English party will be held has not yet been announced. 注：有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。 It is interesting that you like him. It is a pity that you can not go to the party tonight. 2.连接词的选用 （1）that和what的选用 that和what都可引导主语从句。what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当某些成分，可作从句的主语、宾语或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接词作用。 What he wants is a book. 他想要的是一本书。 That light travels in straight lines is known to all. 众所周知，光线沿直线运行。 （2）if和whether的选用
语法专题 名词性从句 (Noun Clauses) 1.概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。 2. 种类 1) 主语从句: 主语从句 + 谓语动词+ 其他 2) 表语从句: 主语 + 系动词+ 表语从句 3) 宾语从句: 及物动词 /介词+ 宾语从句 4) 同位语从句: 名词 /代词+ 同位语从句 3. 名从引导词分类及作用: 名词性从句的引导词 作用 连接词 that, whether/if （是否） 不作成分只起连接作用 连接代词 what(ever) ，who(ever)， whom(ever) ， which(ever) whose 作主、宾、表、 定语 连接副词 when(ever), where(ver), why, how, 作状语 缺主/宾/表/ 定补代词what(ever) who(ever) whom(ever) which(ever) whose 只缺“是否”意思 补whether ，if 什么都不缺 that 补副词when(ever), where(ver), why, how 解题方法： 2 、分析从句句子成分,缺什么，补什么 1、找主句谓语，确定是什么从句 3、确定词性后,再根据句子意思选择引导词。 缺状语
例句展示 ◆That they will win the game is certain. →It is certain that they will win the game. ◆Whether the task can be finished on time is still unknown. →It is still unknown whether the task can be finished on time. ◆Why he didn’t come here is not clear to anyone. →It is not clear to anyone why he didn’t come here. ◆Whoever breaks the law should be punished. ◆What he said at the meeting is important. 例句展示 ★Can you tell me when and how I can get to the city? ★I don’t understand what he means. ★I am not sure whether he would help me. ★He said that he had visited his former English teacher several times.
英语语法: 英语从句完全汇总 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that …事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句 It is natural that…很自然… It is strange that…奇怪的是… (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that…似乎… It happened that…碰巧… (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that…据报道… It has been proved that…已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…, It occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that 则不
英语语法讲解之定语从句 时间：2016-08-12作者：来源：学习方法网 一．几个基本概念 1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。 2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。 4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。 ﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as ﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why 5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。【as除外】 6.引导词的功能(作用)： ﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。 ﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。 7.定语从句的类型： ﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。 ①直接由引导词引导定语从句 The man who you’re talking to is my friend. ②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导 The man to whom you’re talking is my friend. I need a pen with which I can write a letter.
=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter. 介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如： The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University. =The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University. The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century. =The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century. ﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。 ①直接由引导词引导定语从句。 ②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导。 I live in a house far away from the city，in front of which is a big tree. There is an apple tree standing at the gate，on which are many apples. This is the man to whom I gave the book. ③由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名词/代词”(先行词指 人用whom，指物用which)引导。One，some，any，none，all，both，several，many，most，neither，either等词、数词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。 He has five children，two of whom are abroad. (比较：He has five children，and two of them are abroad.) We have three books，none of which is/are interesting. (比较：We have three books，but none of them is/are interesting.) 除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外，其余引导词都可以，用法同限定性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。
what引导名词性从句的五种用法 一、用法归纳 1. 表示“……的东西或事情”： They’ve done what they can to help her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。 He saves what he earns. 他赚多少，积蓄多少。 What Mary is is the secretary. 玛丽的职务是秘书。 2. 表示“……的人或的样子”： He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子。 He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。 Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？ 3. 表示“……的数量或数目”： Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。 The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation. 现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。 4. 表示“……的时间”： After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。 The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。 5. 表示“……的地方”： This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。 In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。 二、用法说明 (1) 这样用的what相当于“先行词+关系代词”，所以其前不能有先行词： 你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。 正：You can have what you like. / You can have everything (that) you like. 误：You can have everything what you like. (2) 有时what 可用作限定词，其后修饰一个名词： I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。 He gave me what money he had about him. 他把身边带有的钱全给了我。 (3) What 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词，但通常不能是单数可数名词： 误：I gave him what book I had.
英语语法名词性从句用法小结 名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一. 名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为四类： 1. that（无含义，不充当成分） 2. whether, if（有“是否”的含义，但不充当成分） 3. 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever,whose, which,whichever. （在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语） 连接副词：when, whenever,where,wherever, how, however,why（在从句中做状语） 4. as if,as though,because（不充当成分，在名词性从句中只引导表语从句） 二. 四类名词性从句语法要点 1.主语从句 在整个句子中用作主语的从句叫主语从句。 What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.
英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 it 作形式主语：有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it 代替主语从句作形式主语放 于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。 It is clear that he is innocent in the accident. 很明显，他在这场事故中是无辜的。 2. 宾语从句 在整个句子中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。 We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。 it 作形式宾语：在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”的句型中，如果宾语是从句的形式，则必须 用it 做形式宾语，把真正的宾语即宾语从句置于句末。 We found it impossible that the so much work will be finidhed in one day. 我们发现一天之内完成这项工作不可能。 3. 表语从句 在整个句子中用作表语的从句叫表语从句。 The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。 That is why he didn’t come t o the meeting.
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解 小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一．基本讲解来源：直接引语变间接引语 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 Eg: He said,“I am good at drawing”. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) 1.引导词 (1) that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当, that可省略。 Eg: She said,“I want to go there ”She said (that) she wanted to go there. (2) whether 或if 引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。 Eg: “Are you interested in geography?” she said. She asked if/whether I was interested in geography. I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei . I’m not sure whether he will come or not. 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外 a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用if eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether. eg:I can?t say whether or not he will come on time c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示‘如果’，不能用whether. Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times. Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay. (3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。 特殊疑问词为：how , when, where, why ,which whose. E.g. …What do you want?? He asked. He asked me what I wanted. I have no idea where he is now. I don?t know how to deal with it. He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class. 2.宾语从句时态 a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制 eg: Do you know if/whether he has seen the film? I?m sorry to hear that your father is ill. She says she is going to go to Beijing next week. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday. b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态 She didn?t know why the boy was late again. (过去一般) I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.（过去完成） I wondered when she was going to America.（过去将来） 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： Eg: He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound.）The teacher told us （seeing is believing.）
定语从句专题复习 定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who,whom,whose(一般指人),that（指人或物）,which(指物)等。 关系副词有：when（时间）,where(地点),why（原因）等。 （1）关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 ①who,whom,that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Ishethemanwho/that wantstosee you 他就是你想见的人吗（who/that在从句中作主语） Heistheman(whom/that)I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/who/that在从句中作saw的宾语,可以省略） ②whose用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换），例如：Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Pleasepassmethebookwhose/ofwhichcover（封面）isgreen. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 ③which,that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：Rosalikesmusicthat/whichisquiteandgentle.（which/that在句中作宾语） Thisisthebook(that/which)I'mlookingfor.（which/that在句中作lookfor的宾语） （2）关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 ①when,where,why 关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用，例如： Doyouremembertheday when Isawyou(你还记得我见到你的那一天吗) Beijingistheplace where（inwhich）Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。 Isthisthereason why（forwhich）herefusedouroffer 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗 ②that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和“介词+which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如： Hisfatherdiedtheyear（that/when/inwhich）hewasborn. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 Heisunlikelytofindtheplace（that/where/inwhich）helivedfortyyearsago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 （3）判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
25. I know nothing about her but _____________ she is from Canada. 名词性从句语法填空26. It depends on _____________ we have enough time. ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 1. _________ we'27. __________ he doesn't like them is very clear. 2. I remember ____________ this used to be a quiet village. 28. ___________ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language. generally considered unwise to give a child ____________ he or she wants. 3. It's29. Can you tell me ____________I can get to the railway station? 4. ___________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. 30. They want to know ____________ they can do to help us. s __________ you left it. 5. Go and get your coat. It'31. These photographs will show you ______________our village looks like. t get seems better than ___________ we have. ' 6. __________ we can32. Can you make sure ____________Alice has put the gold ring? 7. It worried her a bit __________ her hair was turning gray. 33. George knew__________ he could get his best, but he did not have enough time to study. 8. ----Do you remember ____________ he came? 34. _____________ he is a rich man is known to all in the city. ----Yes, I do. He came by air. 35. The reason why he has been such a success is ____________ he never gives up. 9. You may do ______________ you take interest in. 36. Sophia said _____________ Alice would like to marry a tall man. 10. The old gentleman never fails to help ____________ is in need of his help. 37. Difficulty lies in the fact ____________ we have no money. 11. You can depend on ______________ promise he makes. 38. I don't think the question of ____________ they are old or young is important. 12. _____________ we should work out a plan to deal with it is important. 39. __________ the 2016 Olympic Games will be held in the city is not known yet. 13. ____________ discovered America is well known. 40. __________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. 14. _____________you really need is a good meal and a good rest. 41.__________ you may do, you must do it well. 15. _____________we shall finish the work before May Day is possible. 42. The fact __________ he was successful proves his ability. 16. Can you tell me ________________that woman is? 43. A man's worth lies not so much in __________ he has as in __________ he is. 17. The fact _____________ she works hard is well known to us all. 44. ____________ may say so, it is a lie. 18. The mountain is no longer ____________ it used to be. 45. The question he asked was _________ the electrical equipment should be stored. 19. Jack said ____________ he is pleased to meet the American friends. 46. ___________ the earth goes round the sun is known to all. 20. Lei Feng was always
名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。 （一）引导名词性从句的连接词 1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。 2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。 3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。 不可省略的连词： a. 介词后的连词 b. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. 比较：whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代： a. whether引导主语从句并在句首 b. 引导表语从句 c. whether从句作介词宾语 d. 从句后有"or not" Whether he will come is not clear. 大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语。 It is not important who will go. It is still unknown which team will win the match. （二）主语从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。 e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not. 用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that…有必要…… It is important that…重要的是…… It is obvious that…很明显…… b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that…人们相信…… It is known to all that…从所周知…… It has been decided that…已决定…… c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that………是常识 It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that…事实是……
宾语从句教学设计 一、导入 1.复习什么是宾语。动词/介词后面的名词就是宾语。 I play basketball. We are talking about our homework.. 2.宾语从句就是在宾语的位置上放一个完整的句子。 3.I love that I can earn some coupons. 板书：He knows me. He knows what’s wrong with his wife. 说出2个句子的宾语。 说出2个句子的宾语是词（词组）还是句子。 第一个句子的宾语是一个词构成的，第二个句子的宾语是一个句子，我们称这种做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。在句子中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。其中he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是从句。 说出下面4个句子的主句和从句。 A．He said that he had a very good journey home. B．He asked if /whether they had come. C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun. D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office. 总结：。。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引导的宾语从句。 初步认识了宾语从句，下面我们开始了解宾语从句的三要素 引导词（连接词） 语序 时态 1)从属连词that引导陈述句宾语从句，在口语或者非正式语中可以被省略 比如上面四句话中的A,C就是that引导的陈述句的宾语从句。如果省略掉that，该如何修改。（让学生口头修改） A．He said that he had a very good journey home. C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun. 2）由从属连词whether, if 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引导的宾语从
2016年必考英语语法——限定性定语从句 1.that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2.which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3.代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 4.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5.where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 6.when引导定语从句表示时间 〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7.whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格