专四语法重点总结
一、代词、名词、数次
1. 在使用两个以上的人称代词时 顺序是 : 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称
2. everyone 后面不可以跟 of 短语 every one 就可以
3. 以‘名词 / 动名词 +介词(短语) /形容词 /副词 /动词不定式'构成的复合名词，它的复数 形式是将作为主要部分的名词或动名词变为复数
直接来源于短语或以可数名词结尾的复合 名词的复数形式是将最后一个构词部分变为复数 以‘ man 或者 woman+ 名词'构成的复合 名词的复数形式是将两个组成部分全变成复数 以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式 如： homework 4. 物质名词一般不可数，
但用于表示’各种不同品种’时 几乎都可做可数名词 女口： different
teas
1 )' s 属格用于表示时间，度量衡，价值的名词之后
2 ) 作为一个整体的词组在最后一个词加'
3) 人或物为两人共有，在第二个名词后加'
当用来表示类别或属性时，要用' s children ' s shoes 儿童鞋
必须用 of 的场合
1) 名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时
2) 以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人时
7. 如果 dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million 前有基数词以表示确切数目时， 都不能用复数
8. 表示顺序的两种方式：
5. 当抽象名词前后有修饰语表示‘某一种'或‘某一方面'的抽象概念时
其前可加 a/an
6. 名词所有格要点：必须用' s 的场合
4 )当所有格后面的名词是人们熟悉的建筑物 如商店， 住家， 教堂， 医院等， 此名词常省
5) 复合名词在最后一个词后加' s
6) 当被修饰的名词后有同位语时，必须用'
7)
形式如果用来表示很多有不确切的数目时，须用复数，而且后面加of
1) ‘名词+基数词'，不用冠词，如Chapter four
2) ' the+ 序数词+ 名词'女口the Fourth Chapter
9. 倍数增减的表示法
1) 倍数+形容词/ 副词比较级+than
2) 倍数+as+形容词/副词+as
3) 倍数+名词
4) 动词+百分比或倍数
5) 动词+to+数词
6) double/triple/quadruple+ 名词
7) 动词+by+数词/百分比/倍数
10. 分数分子为基数词，分母为序数词分母除了在分子为一的其他情况下为复数
11. 百分比后接名词时加of
二、形容词、副词
1 前置修饰语的排列顺序
可以置于冠词前的形容词( all both such) ------------ 冠词，指示形容词，所有格形容词，不定形容
词( a an the this your his any some) ----------- 基数词( one ) 序数词( first) ----------------- 表示性质，
状态，质量的形容词( good useful) -------------------- 表示大小，长短，形状的形容词---------------- 表示年龄，新旧，温度的形容词------------ 表示颜色的形容词---------------- 表示国籍，产地，
区域的形容词-------- 表示材料，用做形容词的名词----------- 动名词，分词
2 ?后置修饰语由前缀a-构成的形容词
3．形容词修饰由some-,any-,every-,no-,-body,-one,-thing 等组成的复合不定代词时，必须后置
4? enough作形容词修饰名词时既可放前又可放后，但当它作副词修饰形容词或副词时，必
须后置
5 ?有些形容词本身就有‘比……年长’，’比……优等的意思这些形容词后面用介词to而
不用than
6．much too 作为副词短语修饰形容词或副词，不修饰名词
7．more 不能用来修饰比较级
8．与名词连用的more of a .. ./ as much of a... / more of a 意为更像……
9．as much of a ……意为称得上，less of a 意为算不上
10．none other than（不是别人，正是）=no other than
11．any/sone/every 与other 连用时，其后若用可数名词，一般为单数
三、情态动词、虚拟语气
1．can 用于否定句cannot（help）but 表示不能不，只能（but 后跟不带to 的动词不定式）
2．must 表示禁止，一定不要时的否定式为mustn ' t 当它表示有把握的推断时意为一定准是时它的否定形式为can' t
3．need doing=need to be done 这个句型表示被动意味
4．need not have done sth 表示本来没有必要做某事（经常考）
虚拟语气
1．It is （high/about/the）time... 谓语动词用过去式指现在或将来的情况表示早该做某事而
现在已经有点晚了
2．It is the first（second/third）time 后的that 从句中，谓语动词要用完成体来表示一种经验
3．as if/though 的虚拟要点
1）对当时事实的假设，从句谓语用过去式，be 动词一律用were
2）对过去事实的假设，从句谓语用过去完成式
3）对未来事实的假设，从句谓语用would+ 动词原型
五、比较级比较等级的含义:英语中形容词与副词有三个比较等级，即原级，比较级和最高级。
一般来说，表示等于时用原级。Eg. I ' m just as busy today as I was yesterday. 表示二者的比较时用比
较级eg. I ' m much busier today than I was yesterday. 表示“最”时用最高级Eg. That was the busiest day of my life.
存在句形容词与副词比较等级的构成构成原级比较级最高级单音节词尾加er, est great greater greatest 单音节词尾e, 加r, st fine finer finest 闭音节单音节词尾只有一个辅音字母,双写big bigger biggest 辅音字母加er,est 少数以y,er,ow, ble 结尾
双音节词尾加er,est happy happier happiest（y 前为辅音字母去y 加clever cleverer cleverest er,est）其它双音节词和多音节词，前加more, difficult more difficult most difficult
most
不规则变化
副词比较等级的构成
副词比较等级的构成大致与形容词比较等级的构成相同，但以后缀ly 结尾的副词用more 和most。
hard hardest hardest
early earlier earliest
quickly more quickly most quickly
不规则变化
形容词与副词比较等级的基本用法
A. 基本形式“ as +原级+as” 结构
eg. He ' s as tall as I.
B. 否定的同级比较常用not as…as或not so
as
eg. He does not smoke so heavily as his brother.
C. 变体
1) as + much/many + 名词+ as
2) as +形原级+ a + 名词+as
3) as + 形+ 不可数名词+ as
4) 名词复数+as +形+ as
5) the same as/ be similar to
比较级
A. 基本结构"比较级+than ” 结构
eg.
He is taller than I .
She sees me more often than she sees her brother.
B. 变体
1) 形比较级+ 名+ than
2) 名+ 形比较级+ than
3) the + 形比较级+ of + the two
4) superior/ inferior to
最高级
A.常用“ the +最高级+比较范围”
eg. This is the best picture in the hall.
He sings the best in the class.
B. 变体
1) more …than any other
2) Not…+比较等级
关于比较结构用法的补充说明
1) more…than…是…而不是，与其说是…不如说是
eg.
She is more been than wise.
He is more a writer than an artist.
2) not so much…as与其说是…不如说是
eg. It wasn ' t so much that I disliked her as that I just wasn t interested.
3) not more/er than 与no more/er than
eg.
He is no richer than I= as poor as
He is not richer than I
4) more and more
eg. He is becoming fatter and fatter.
5) . The more … the more …
eg. The harder she worked, the more progress she made.
6) more than 多于
eg. More than 1000 people attended the meeting.
7) more than 不止，超过
eg. She is more than pretty.
8) more than 简直不
eg. My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing.
六、并列结构
两个或两个以上意义相关、层次相同、句法功能也相同、并由并列连词或其他并列手段连接起来的语法结
构序列叫做并列结构。
1. 并列结构的各种形式
1）词与词的并列you and me
2）词组与词组的并列 a teacher and a student
3）分句与分句的并列you can go or you can stay with us.
2. 并列结构的连接手段
1）并列连词
2）标点符号
3 ）并列结构的插入语
在最后一个项目之前插入一个词语，使这个项目处于更加突出的地位。
4 ）并列结构的对称组合
成对组合的办法使整个结构更加紧凑。
3. 并列连词的意义和用法
1．以and 为代表的表示语义引申的并列连词
and, both…and, not only … but also, not…nor, neither…nor等。这一类并歹U连词在语义上表示其连
接的成分是对前项的补充和引申，包括肯定和否定两种意义的引申。
And 除表示语义增补外还有其他意义．还有一些and 连接的语法结构形似并列结构实际并非并列结构．
ll go and see my friend. = ( go to see) Eg. This room is nice and warm. = （ nicely warm.） I
2．以or 为代表的表示选择的并列连词
这类连词包括or 和either … or
3．以but 为代表的表示语义转折和对比的并列连词
这类连词包括but, not … but, while, whereas, only, yet.
4. 补充说明：
1) both…and只连结成分不连接句子；只连对等结构
语法考点之一：虚拟语气 考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气 1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+ have done； 2、省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were, had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。 3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。 4、错综条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。 比如：从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟，即从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do； 考点2：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。 考点3：It is +advisable, essential, important, imperative, incredible等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。考点4：it is (high/about) time that的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。例如: 考点5：much as"尽管，虽然"引导让步状语从句，从句中用would have done表示假设。 考点6：if only, wish, as if/as though引导从句， 与过去事实相反：had + done； 与现在事实相反：动词过去式； 与将来事实相反：could/would + do 考点7：would rather/sooner从句中 使用一般过去式或过去完成式 分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟 考点8：lest / for fear that+(should ) +原形动词。 语法考点之二：情态动词 *情态动词: will（愿意）, shall（将）, must（必须）, can, may, would, should (应该), might, could, ought to, used to（过去常常）, need（需要）, dare（竟敢），have to（不得不） 考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容： （1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测） （2）某些情态动词的特殊用法 考点1. 情态动词＋have＋过去分词结构表示推测 (1) must have done表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。否定形式为：can’t / couldn’t have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。 (2) could have done表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。 (3) may / might have done 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了. (4) ought to / should have done 和ought not to / shouldn’t have done用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示“本应该…”和“本不应该…” (5) needn’t have done 表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要，意为“本没必要…”。 *did not need to do 动作并没发生。
完整版专四英语语法 考点
语法考点之一：虚拟语气 考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气 1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+ have done； 2、省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were, had或 should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。 3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。 4、错综条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。 比如：从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟，即从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do； 考点2：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。 考点3：It is +advisable, essential, important, imperative, incredible等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。 考点4：it is (high/about) time that的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。例如: 考点5：much as"尽管，虽然"引导让步状语从句，从句中用would have done表示假设。 考点6：if only, wish, as if/as though引导从句， 与过去事实相反：had + done； 与现在事实相反：动词过去式； 与将来事实相反：could/would + do 考点7：would rather/sooner从句中 使用一般过去式或过去完成式 分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟 考点8：lest / for fear that+(should ) +原形动词。 语法考点之二：情态动词 *情态动词: will（愿意）, shall（将）, must（必须）, can, may, would, should (应该), might, could, ought to, used to（过去常常）, need（需要）, dare（竟敢），have to（不得不） 考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容： （1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测） （2）某些情态动词的特殊用法 考点1. 情态动词＋have＋过去分词结构表示推测 (1) must have done表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。否定形式为：can’t / couldn’t have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。 (2) could have done表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。 (3) may / might have done 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.
1.主谓一致 就近原则 1.由并列结构或连词（either…or， neither…nor，not…but， not only…but also， or 等）连接的并列主语，谓语动词与靠近的那个名词或代词保持一致。 2. 在倒装句和there be句型中，谓语动词与后面的第一个主语保持一致。 例句：There is a book and some pens on the desk.桌子上有一本书和几支钢笔。 3. 在强调句中，连接代词又在句中作主语，这时它应与被强调的主语保持一致。例句：It is Mary’s brother who was injured in the car accident. 是Mary 的哥哥在车祸中受伤了。 意义一致原则 1. 当主语与谓语动词之间插入along with，with，as well as，together with，no less than，besides，except， but， including等短语时，谓语动词不受这些插入语的干扰，依然和主语保持一致。 例句：I, along with my sister, am going to Shanghai next month. 我，还有我姐姐，打算下个月去上海。 2. 英语中有一类单、复数同型的词（people，means，sheep，deer，fish等），其单、复数取决于它在句中的含义。 例句：All of the people in the country have been prepared for the great reformation.这个国家的人都已经为大变革做好了准备。 3. 多数情况下，由“what”引导的名词性从句作主语时，其后的谓语动词通常用单数形式。 例句：What I want to say is just “ Take care!”.我只想说：“多保重！” 4. 当主语与all， none， any，some等不定代词、形容词连用时，应根据具体句意，来决定其后的谓语动词的单复数。 例句：All I know about this company is what he told me yesterday.我对这家公司的了解都是昨天完他告诉我的。 5. “…+ (of) +名词”结构描述数量时，如果“of”后的名词为单数（不可数名词），则谓语动词用单数，如果名词为复数，则谓语动词用复数。 例句：Most of the water here is clean.大部分的水是干净的。 80% cotton has been sent to America.80%的棉花已经被送往美国。 Half of the apples are red.有一半儿的苹果是红的。 6. 词组“a number of， a great/good many， a group of +可数名词复数”的结构作主语时，谓语动词应用复数；如果冠词a变为the，则谓语动词用单数。 例句： A number of ancient buildings are destroyed in the war.许多的古代建筑在战争中被毁。 The number of the visitors has decreased this year. 游客的数量今年减少了。 7. 英语的集体名词（committee, crowd, family, public, group, party, team, class, club, company, union ,clergy, mankind,militia,police,people,poultry等词），指代“整体”时为单数；指代“其中的各成员”则为复数。 例句：My family was very poor when I was a little girl.当我还是一个小女孩儿的时候，我家很穷。
Modal Verbs 情态动词 情态动词 ?表示说话的语气或情态。情态动词本身有词义，但不完全，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词一起构成谓语。 ?情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 ?大多数情态动词有过去式。 主要情态动词 ?Can ?May ?Will ?Must ?Shall ?Need ?Dare ?Had better ?Would sooner ?Would as soon ?Could ?Might ?Would ?Have to ?Should ?Ought to ?Used to ?Would rather ?might as well 情态动词问题解析: may be & maybe ?May be （可能是）--- maybe （或许）（副词） ?The news may be true. ?Maybe the news is true. ?She may be waiting for you at home. ?Maybe she is waiting for you at home. May not & can not may not 译为“可能不”、“也许不会”而非“不可以”。“不可以”为must not或can…t（不许，不可以）。---May I smoke here? ---No, you mustn?t. /you can?t /you can not. The news may not be true. You mustn?t move any of the papers on the desk. Can & be able to
?Be able to 可以表示更多的时态。 ?We will be able to finish the work tomorrow. ?He was not able to realize his greatest ambition. ?Are you able to design a new computer program? ?She has not been able to work out the complex problem. ought to的否定式 ?ought to的否定式是ought not to，疑问句只把ought提前。 ?You ought to be responsible for yourself. ?We ought not to look down on disabled people. ?Ought we to count on him for the settlement of the debate? Must ?Must do ?Must be ?Must have done Must 的反意疑问句 ?I must get up at six, ___？ ?She must be in the classroom now, _____? ?They must have had great trouble trying to get there, ____? 用must 提问时的回答 ?肯定回答：must ?否定回答：needn?t或don?t /doesn?t have to ?Must I come as early as 6 tomorrow morning? ?Yes, you must. ?No, you needn?t. / No, you don?t have to. Mustn?t & Needn?t ?Must he arrive very early? ?No, he doesn?t have to / No, he needn?t. Must & have to ?Must: 主观上认为“必须” 作某事。 ?Have to: 受客观情况迫使而“不得不” 作某事 ?You must work harder now if you want to find a satisfactory job after graduation. ?Children in remote areas have to quit school simply because their parents cannot afford their education. ?I must help him. {obligation, responsibility} ?I have to help him. {unwillingness) Must & have to的否定 ?否定must 表示“禁止，不允许，一定不要” ?否定don?t have to 表示“不必,不一定非得,不一定要”
2011年 My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man _____ he was fifteen years ago. (D) A. which B. whom C. who D. that Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND (C) A. Beg your pardon. B. Have a good time. C. Never do that again! D. What noise you are making! Which of the following italicized phrases indicates pu rpose (A) A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriousl y. B. For all its effort, the team didn't win the matc h. C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years. D. He set out for Beijing yesterday. When you have finished with the book, don’t forget to return it to Tim, ___(B) A. do you B. will you C. don't you D. won't you In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soakin g wet, the -ING participleis used _____. (D) A. as a command B. as a condition C. for concession D. for emphasis Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT (B) A. The city is now ten times its original size. B. I wish I had two times his strength.
非谓语动词的其他考点 1.接不定式或动名词做宾语都可以，但在意思上有区别的动词的用法 mean to do想要(做某事) mean doing意味(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事) forget to do忘记(要做的事) forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事) remember doing记得(做过) go on to do继而(做另一件事) go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事stop doing停止正在做的事 regret to do(对将要做的事)遗憾regret doing(对已做过的事)后悔 2.不定式的习惯用法 句型：cannot help but do cannot but do cannot choose but do can do nothing but do have no choice/alternative but to do上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。如： Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction. When I consider how talented he is as a painter, I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift. 3.动名词的习惯用法 句型：be busy/active doing sth. have diffi culty/trouble/problem doing sth. It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth. spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth. cannot help doing sth. There is no doing sth. I know it isn’t important but I can’t help thinking about it. There is no use crying over spilt milk.
英语专四语法重点总结(适合短时间提高) 英语专四语法重点总结(适合短时间提高) 一代数名词数词 1 在使用两个以上的人称代词时顺序是:第二人称第三人称第一人 称 2 everyone后面不可以跟of短语 every one 就可以 3 以‘名词/动名词+介词（短语）/形容词/副词/动词不定式’构成的复合名词， 它的复数形式是将作为主要部分的名词或动名词变为复 数直接来源于短语或以可数名词结尾的复合名词的复数形式是将最后一个构词部分变为复数以‘man 或者woman+名词’构成的复合名词的复数形式是 将两个组成部分全变成复数以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式如：homework 4 物质名词一般不可数，但用于表示‘各种不同品种’时几乎都可做可数名词如：different teas 当抽象名词前后有修饰语表示‘某一种’或‘某一方面’的抽象概念时其前可加a/an 6 名词所有格要点：必须用’s的场合 1）’s属格用于表示时间，度量衡，价值的名词之后 2）作为一个整体的词组在最后一个词加’s 3）人或物为两人共有，在第二个名词后加’s 4）当所有格后面的名词是人们熟悉的建筑物如商店，住家，教堂，医院等，此名词常省略 5）复合名词在最后一个词后加’s 6）当被修饰的名词后有同位语时，必须用’s 7 当用来表示类别或属性时，要用’s children’s shoes 儿童鞋，必须用of的场合 1）名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时 2）以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人时 如果dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million前有基数词以表示确切数目时，都不能用复数形式如果用来表示很多有不确切的数目时，须用复数，而且后面加of 8 表示顺序的两种方式： 1）‘名词+基数词’，不用冠词，如Chapter four
英语专业四级语法汇总 语法回顾篇： 专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法（省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词）、as 的特殊用法。 专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气 一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点） 考点1. 与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词用did (be用were)， 主句谓语动词would (should, could, might)+do； 考点2. 与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词用had done， 主句谓语动词用would(should, could, might)+ have done； 例如： 43. I _________the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyed C. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying KEY: C 49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there. A. weren’t B. hasn’t been C. hadn’t been D. wouldn’t KEY: C 考点3.与将来事实相反， 从句谓语动词用：did (should + do或were + to do)， 主句谓语动词用：would (should, could, might)+do。
1994-20XX年专四语法真题集 By Wang Ying & Chu Xiuwei SFL, SWU 一、1994-20XX年专四语法真题集：已分类 I.独立主格结构 1. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ______ by far the biggest cereal crop. a. is b. been c. be d. being TEM-4 2003 2. Time ______, the celebration will be held as scheduled. a. permit b. permitting c. permitted d. permits TEM-4 2003 3. There ____nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. a. to be b. to have been c. being d. be 2000 4. _____no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom. a. There was b. Since c. Being d. There being 1996 5. The country’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ______the most important of these. a. have been b. are c. being d. are being 1994 II. 定语从句 1. Above the trees are the hills, _______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. a. where b. of whose c. whose d. which 2003 2. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, _____is something we had not expected. a. which b. it c. that d. what 2003 3. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man_______ he was twenty years ago. a. which b. that c. who d. whom 2003 4. The experiment requires more money than _______. a. have been put in b. being put in c. has been put in d. to be put in 2002 5. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, ______should make great differences in our life next summer. a. which b. what c. that d. they 2002 6. Have you ever been in a situation _____you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?
1994-20XX 年专四语法真题集 By Wang Ying & Chu Xiuwei SFL, SWU 一、1994-20XX 年专四语法真题集：已分类 I. 独立主格结构 1. Agriculture is the country 's chief source of wealth, wheat _____ by far the biggest cereal crop. a. is b. been c. be d. being TEM-4 2003 2. Time ____ , the celebration will be held as scheduled. a. permit b. permitting c. permitted d. permits TEM-4 2003 3. There _ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. a. to be b. to have been c. being d. be 2000 4. ___ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom. a. There was b. Since c. Being d. There being 1996 5. The country's chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ____ the most important of these. a. have been b. are c. being d. are being 1994 II. 定语从句 1. Above the trees are the hills, ______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. a. where b. of whose c. whose d. which 2003 2. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead of time, is something we had not expected. a. which b. it c. that d. what 2003 3. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man ______ he was twenty years ago. a. which b. that c. who d. whom 2003 4. The experiment requires more money than ______ . a. have been put in b. being put in c. has been put in d. to be put in 2002 5. We've just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, __________ should make great differences in our life next summer. a. which b. what c. that d. they 2002 6. Have you ever been in a situation ___ you know the other person is right yet you cannot
新版专四语法总结 专四必备语法 一、时态、语态 时态、语态需要掌握的要点： １。表达将来时的形式： （１)在时间、条件、让步从句中,一般现在时代替将来时,但要注意区别从句的类型,如： I’ll ｔｅll ｈim ｗｈeｎ you will ring agaiｎ．我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。（宾语从句） 比较：I’ｌl telｌhim when you riｎg aｇａiｎ.你再打电话时我告诉他.（状语从句） (2)在makｅ sure, mａｋe certaｉn, see (to it) 后的tha ｔ从句中,谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时,如: Ｓｅe to ｉt tｈat ｙoｕincluｄｅ iｎ the paper ｗha ｔever questioｎｓ thｅy ｄiｄn't know tｈe ａｎｓwｅr to ｌa ｓt ｔimｅ。 （ｉｎclude 不能用wiｌl incｌｕｄe或其他形式) 2.完成时是时态测试的重点,注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语： （1）ｂy/beｔween/up tｏ/ｔill +过去时间、since、by th ｅ time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句，主句用过去完成时。如:We ｈad juｓｔhaｄ our breakfast wｈｅｎaｎ old man ｃａme to thｅ dｏoｒ。......感谢聆听 Between 18９7 aｎd 19１9 at ｌeast ２9 moｔｉon ｐiｃt ｕres iｎ whｉｃh ａrtificial beings were portrayed hａd been produceｄ. (表示1919年时已发生的情况) (2)by +将来时间、by ｔhｅtime/ wheｎ＋谓语动词是一般现在时的从句,主句用将来完成时。如: Bｙ tｈe ｔime you ａrriｖe ｉn Londｏn, we wｉll hａｖe stａyed ｉｎＥｕroｐe fｏr ｔwo weeks。 I hope her hｅaltｈwill ｈaｖe ｉｍprｏved gｒeaｔｌy by the time we cｏme ｂack next yeａr。 (3）bｙ now、sinｃe +过去时间、in/ｄuｒinｇ/ｆoｒ/oveｒ/ｔhe ｐasｔ/lasｔfeｗ（或具体数字）yeａrs/days／ｍonths，主句用现在完成时, 但在it ｉs ＋具体时间sincｅ/befoｒe这一句型中,主句更多的时候不用完成时。如:......感谢聆听
English英语专八专四学习复习资料 英语专四语法重点汇总 版权所有，违者必究，未经协议授权,禁止下载使用。 注：如恶意泄漏该资料，或通过该资料作为任何盈利的手段，作者有权追究其法律责任。 本资料为过来人的考试经验所整理，也需结合其他复习书籍一起备考哦 这份资料集结历年专四的考试重点，按考试经验已经过筛选 一、非谓语动词的主要考点 1. 有些典型动词后面可以接上不定式或动名词来做宾语的，但是在意思上是有区别的，主要常考到的动词罗列如下： mean to do想要（做某事）VS mean doing意味（做某事）propose to do 打算（做某事）VS propose doing建议（做某事）forget to do忘记（要做的事）VS forget doing忘记（已做的事）remember to do记得（要做某事）VS remember doing记得（做过）go on to do继而（做另一件事）VS go on doing继续（做原来的事）stop to do停下来去做另一件事VS stop doing停止正在做的事regret to do（对将要做的事）遗憾VS regret doing（对已做过的事）后悔 2. 不定式的习惯用法 典型句型整理如下： 如：“cannot help but do”——“不得不做某事” 如：“cannot but do”——“不禁做某事” 如：“cannot choose but do”——“不由自主地做某事” 如：“can do nothing but do”——“不能不做某事”
如：“have no choice but to do”——“只能做某事” 如：“have no alternative but to do”——“只能做某事” 例句：The boy cannot help but be greatly influenced by the useful instruction given by his family tutor. When I start my job career, I cannot choose but look back upon the beautiful days I spent on campus. 3. 动名词的习惯用法 典型动名词的习惯句型整理罗列如下： 如：be busy/active doing sth. 如：It’s no good/use doing sth. 如：spend/waste time doing sth. 如：have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth. 如：have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth. 如：There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth. 例句： There is no use crying over spilt milk.（典型例句） 牛奶洒了，哭也没用；后悔是没有用的；覆水难受 I really have problem solving these mathematic questions since I am not major in science after all.
英语专八专四学习复习资料English 英语专四语法重点汇 总 ,禁止下载使用。版权所有，违者必究，未经协议授权注：如恶意泄漏该资料，或通过该资料作为任何盈利的手段，作者有权追究其法律责任。 本资料为过来人的考试经验所整理，也需结合其他复习书籍一起备考哦 这份资料集结历年专四的考试重点，按考试经验已经过筛选 一、非谓语动词的主要考点 1. 有些典型动词后面可以接上不定式或动名词来做宾语的，但是在意思上是有区别的，主要常考到的动词罗列如下： mean to do想要（做某事）VS mean doing意味（做某事）propose to do 打算（做某事）VS propose doing建议（做某事）forget to do忘记（要做的事）VS forget doing忘记（已做的事）remember to do记得（要做某事）VS remember doing记得（做过）go on to do继而（做另一件事）VS go on doing继续（做原来的事）stop to do停下来去做另一件事VS stop doing停止正在做的事regret to do（对将要做的事）遗憾VS regret doing（对已做过的事）后悔 2. 不定式的习惯用法 典型句型整理如下： 如：“cannot help but do”——“不得不做某事” 如：“cannot but do”——“不禁做某事” 如：“cannot choose but do”——“不由自主地做某事”
“不能不做某事””——can do nothing but do“如： 如：“have no choice but to do”——“只能做某事” 如：“have no alternative but to do”——“只能做某事” 例句：The boy cannot help but be greatly influenced by the useful instruction given by his family tutor. When I start my job career, I cannot choose but look back upon the beautiful days I spent on campus. 3. 动名词的习惯用法 典型动名词的习惯句型整理罗列如下： 如：be busy/active doing sth. 如：It's no good/use doing sth. 如：spend/waste time doing sth. 如：have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth. 如：have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth. 如：There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth. 例句： There is no use crying over spilt milk.（典型例句） 牛奶洒了，哭也没用；后悔是没有用的；覆水难受 I really have problem solving these mathematic questions
2015英语专四语法重点总结：倒装句 2015年英语专业英语四级考试已进入冲刺阶段，适当做些模拟练习题有助于同学们在考前着重复习自己的弱项，希望百度文库整理的2015英语专四语法重点总结：倒装句能给同学们带来帮助。 考点1：全部倒装 (1) 在以out, in, along, then, now, up, down, away, here, there 等副词开头的句子里。 (2) 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。 考点2：部分倒装 (1) Only+状语位于句首时 (2) 否定副词及短语位于句首时。 常考的词或词语有not, seldom, hardly, little, nowhere, by no means, in no time等。 1. Little _did she care____ about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger.2009 A. she car ed B. she may care C. may she care D. did she care 2. On no account _would I ___ borrow money from friends, and still less_would I be__dependent on the favors of rich relatives.(1990) A. I would, I would be B. would I, I would be C. would I, would I be D. I would, would I be (3) 副词位于句首时，句子可部分倒装，也可不用。 1. Stealthily the girl crept out of the room.2004 A. The girl crept B. Crept the girl C. Did the girl crept D. Creeps the girl (4) so\ neither\ nor 位于句首时。 1. So +助动词+主语：…也一样。 2. So +主语+助动词：…确实如此。承前肯定so只能指定一件事情，两件事情用so it is(the same) with sb 1. It is going to be fine tomorrow. _so it is______.2009 A. So is it. B. So it is. C. So it does. D. So does it. 3. Neither 和Nor 用于否定句，表示“ 也不，也没有”。Neither\ Nor +助动词+主语