2019～2020学年度高一年级第二学期教学质量调研（一）
英语试题
（满分150分时间120分钟）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一部分听力（共20题30分每题1.5分）
第一节(共5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分)
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When was the woman born?
A. In 1984.
B. In 1982.
C. In 1980.
2. What are the speakers probably doing?
A. Looking for John’s new apartment.
B. Visiting John’s old house.
C. Helping John move house.
3. Why does the woman refuse to go to the beach?
A. It’s hot there.
B. She can’t swim.
C. She isn’t free.
4. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A news report.
B. A driving test.
C. A car accident.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He doesn’t have a computer.
B. He doesn’t know how much a new computer costs.
C. He thinks the price of the new computer is reasonable.
第二节(共15 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where was the woman when the theft happened?
A. At home.
B. On her way home.
C. On her way to the bank.
7. What did the theft look like?
A. He wore blue trousers.
B. He was short and thin.
C. He had medium-length hair.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the woman think of buying a mountain bike?
A. Unnecessary.
B. Useful.
C. Reasonable.
9. What will the man do next?
A. Buy a mountain bike.
B. Have his old bike repaired.
C. Ask somebody else for money.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Master and servant.
B. Boss and clerk.
C. Husband and wife.
11. What is the woman complaining about?
A. Her work.
B. Her salary.
C. Her life.
12. What will the man probably do in the near future?
A. Help the woman.
B. Let the woman have a rest.
C. Have the woman work as usual.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. People will enjoy guitar music at the party.
B. About 18 people are coming to the party.
C. People will enjoy some apple pie at the party.
14. Why will the woman hold a party?
A. To celebrate Joan’s birthday.
B. To celebrate Emma’s birthday.
C. To celebrate Emma’s entering the college.
15. What present has the woman bought?
A. A camera.
B. A football.
C. A video.
16 When will people probably arrive?
A. At about 8:00.
B. At about 8:30.
C. At about 9:30.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many bedrooms does the speaker need?
A. Four.
B. Three.
C. Two.
18. What is very important to the speaker?
A. A nice view.
B. A big kitchen.
C. A school nearby.
19. How does the speaker usually travel?
A. She walks.
B. She drives a car.
C. She uses public transportation.
20. What do we know about the speaker?
A. She is married.
B. She uses the Internet a lot.
C. She likes to cook at home. 第二部分 阅读（共20题 满分50分 每题2.5分）
第一节 阅读理解（37.5分）
阅读下列短文，并从后面的ABCD 选项中选出刻意回答问题的最佳选项。
A
What will the schools of the future look like? With the introduction of 5G technology, we’re starting to find out.
The answer is smart campuses, with high -tech features to help students learn more effectively and safely. They also bring convenience to teachers and administrators (管理者).
The University of British Columbia has what is believed to be Canada’s first 5G -powered smart campus, according to The Star newspaper. The school has partnered with tech company Rogers Communications to install (安装) a massive 5G network on its campus. Researchers at the school can use the network to test real -time 5G applications, as well as access a data storage facility (设施) similar to “cloud” storage, the newspaper noted.
.
,
US tech company Amazon is also looking to get into the smart campus arena (舞台). Alexa, the company’s voice-activated (声控) smart assistant, is being aimed at teachers. They may help to run classes more efficiently, says Amazon. For example, if a teacher has to teach different classes in different rooms, Alexa can remember the teacher’s preferences, such as whether or not they need to use a projector (投影仪).
Smart technology can also be used to keep students and teachers safe. At the Global Indian International School in Singapore CNET reports that facial recognition scanners (扫描器) allow teachers to automatically lock or unlock classroom doors, while students can store their textbooks in smart lockers linked to their student ID cards.
People often describe college campuses as “mini-cities”. After all, they have their own on-campus infrastructure (基础设施), including transport links, roads, shops, restaurants – even police. And just like the smart cities being designed around the world, many college campuses are adopting smart technology. The University of Michigan in the US, for example, has its own self-driving shuttle (班车) system, allowing students to go from classroom to classroom in a safe and efficient manner.
Unlike cities, universities are seen as a particularly good testing ground for smart technology because many of them have sole (单一的) control over their property (财产). “Cities are so big, and there are so many players and stakeholders (利益相关者), it can be difficult. But many universities around the world have control over their estates (房产). They own all their buildings ... so they can become like a living lab,” said Gemmy Ginty, a designer working on a smart campus development strategy for the University of Glasgow, UK, in a news report by the Guardian.
1. How is the text mainly developed?
A. By giving examples.
B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the order of time.
D. By explaining causes and effects.
2. What can we learn about Alexa from the text?
A. It offers free “cloud” storage to its users.
B. It is used to test real-time 5G applications.
C. It can help improve classroom efficiency.
D. It can help monitor students’ class performances.
3. Why are universities seen as a good testing grounds for smart technology, according to the text?
A. Smart technology benefits students the most.
B. Universities are full of laboratories and researchers.
C. Sole control over their properties makes it easier to test new tech.
D. There are many players and stakeholders on university campuses.
B
It’s a land where winter darkness is long, and summers bring continuous sunlight.
However, people are very happy in Finland, despite the country’s natural challenges. Last month, the nation was named the happiest on Earth, according to the 2018 World Happiness Report released by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network.
The Finns certainly have a high range of happiness, Eric Weiner wrote in his 2008 book The Geography of Bliss.
There’s a stereotype (刻板印象) that Finns are introverted (内向的) and shy, because they often stay silent. But in fact, “for Finns, it is extremely rude to interrupt someone. This leads to us making pauses or taking our time to talk”, Krista Huhtala-jenks, a senior officer at Finland’s Ministry of Transport and Communications, explained to CNN.
Perhaps Finland’s love for heavy metal music and tango reveals the country’s true personality, however. Indeed, young Finns love heavy metal, while tango remains a huge part of Finnish culture for the older generation. The passionate dance started in Argentina, but it’s Finland that became the tango capital of the world. Every July, the Finnish town of Seinajoki draws thousands of people from all over the world to a four-day tango festival. During the festival, a tango king and queen are chosen.
Another trademark (特征) of Finnish culture is the sauna (桑拿). According to CNN, the nation has about 3.5 million saunas – roughly one for every 1.6 people. And 99 percent of Finns take at least one sauna a week, BBC News reported.
In Finns’ eyes, saunas are closely related to well-being. For example, if a person gets sick, he or she will take a sauna. Many women also prefer to give birth in a sauna, because “the walls of traditional smoke saunas were lined with naturally bacteria-resistant soot (抑菌的煤烟灰), making them the cleanest room in the house”, BBC News noted.
Medical benefits aside, the sauna is also seen as a place to collect your thoughts. “Sauna is for your mind. It really helps you to calm down in a modern society where it is never quiet,” Jarmo Lehtola from the Finnish Sauna Society, told BBC News. “If somebody wants to understand what it is to be a Finn, they have to understand what a sauna is. If you do not experience sauna, you do not experience Finland.”
4. According to Huhtala-jenks, why do Finns often remain silent?
A. They are too introverted to talk.
B. They prefer to take time to think.
C. They have plenty of time for conversation.
D. They believe it’s impolite to interrupt others.
5. How does the author show the sauna’s popularity in Finland?
A. By giving examples.
B. By raising questions.
C. By presenting data.
D. By making a comparison.
6. How do Finns believe saunas benefit people?
A. They help people to recover from cancer.
B. They can reduce the pain of giving birth.
C. They help people keep a peaceful mind.
D. They’re a good place to look for inspiration.
7. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the article?
A. To explore the interesting history of Finland.
B. To introduce some aspects of Finnish culture.
C. To study Finns’ true personality.
D. To show Finlands’s love for saunas.
C
US cosmologist (宇宙学家) Carl Sagan once said: “Across the sea of space, the stars are other suns.”
For centuries, human beings have dreamed of traveling into space, orbiting (围绕......运行) our little blue planet, and appreciating incredible views of sunrises and sunsets. And soon, it seems that our dream will finally come true, as US startup Orion Span announced on April 6 that it planned to launch the first hotel in space in 2021. It will be ready to welcome guests the following year.
The space hotel, Aurora Station, will orbit 320 kilometers above Earth, circling it every 90 minutes. It’s capable of housing two crew members and four guests. The crew members will likely be former NASA astronauts who worked on the International Space Station. However, there’s a catch: Each guest must pay at least $9.5 million (60 million yuan) for a 12-day stay at the hotel.
Once aboard the Aurora Station, guests will find many exciting things to do. According to Orion Span, guests can enjoy the excitement of zero-gravity as they fly throughout the space hotel. They can watch 16 sunrises and sunsets every day and view the northern and southern auroras (极光) through the many windows. They can take part in research experiments like growing food, and even take it home as a souvenir. And they can stay in touch with their families and friends via a high-speed internet connection.
But most importantly, the trip will offer a real sense of what it’s like to live in space. “The premise (前提) of Aurora Station is for guests to live, feel, and [breathe] what it’s like to be an astronaut,” Frank Bunger, founder of Orion Span, told the Robb Report. “The food and drinks are freeze-dried products. It’s not going to be five-star dining … Fire and gas don’t work the same way in space as they do on Earth.”
To better prepare guests for space travel, the company will require a health screening and provide a three-month training program that helps guests understand basic spaceflight, orbital mechanics (轨道力学) and life in the pressurized environment of space.
Some may have doubts about the project, but the company even has plans to turn part of Aurora Station into private apartments. “Future Aurora owners can live in, visit, or sublease (转租) their space [apartment],” Bunger said in a news release. “This is an exciting frontier (待开发的领域) and Orion Span is proud to pave the way.”
8. What can we learn about Aurora Station?
A. It will be open to guests in 2021.
B. It can only serve four guests at a time.
C. It costs every guest $9.5 million a week.
D. It will invite NASA to train the guests. .
9. What can guests do on Aurora Station?
A. View beautiful auroras.
B. Fly outside the space hotel.
C. Buy various souvenirs.
D. Enjoy five-star meals.
10. According to Bunger, what is the main purpose of Aurora Station?
A. To help people learn more about space.
B. To offer comfortable space travel experiences.
C. To provide real experiences of living in space.
D. To prepare people for future space exploration.
11. What can be inferred about Aurora Station from the last two paragraphs?
A. It’s ready for guests to book their first trip.
B Few people are optimistic about its future.
C. Its guests must have a basic knowledge of space travel.
D. Private apartments are the most popular choice among its guests.
D
Jack Rummler was in the hospital, but he kept emailing his journalism teacher and classmates at Boone High School in the US. He wanted to stay on top of his newspaper work and didn’t want anyone else to be stuck with the tasks he’d taken on.
“He would be in the hospital writing stories,” said Renee Burke, his teacher at the time. “He wouldn’t stop worrying about us.”
Rummler, 18, said he did this because he enjoyed high school journalism so much. “Every little aspect of it.”
He is a compassionate (有同情心的) student, Burke said, who always seems to be thinking about others, even when he faces his own challenges.
Born with spina bifida (脊柱分裂), he walks with a limp (走路一瘸一拐) and has had about 12 surgeries. Two years ago, medical problems kept him out of school for weeks.
Yet, he never wanted to be treated differently, Burke said, nor did he avoid doing anything that might be physically challenging for him, such as filming football games. During his high school life, he worked his way up from staff member to editor-in-chief of the Boone paper.
And last month, he won the “student journalist of the year” award from the Florida Scholastic Press Association.
The contest required student journalists to put together examples of their work and their ability to be “backpack journalists” who could take on many types of assignments. Rummler’s examples included stories and opinion pieces, a graphic he’d designed about school construction, and a TV commercial (广告) for the paper’s online site.
“I think one of the things that journalism taught me is to always be aware of what’s going on in the world,” he said.
His school paper publishes in print four times a year, as well as online. The last issue he worked on was about graduation, showcasing the accomplishments of top students and athletes, among other soon-to-be graduates.
In August, Rummler will start at the University of Florida, where he plans to study environmental sustainability and communications.
“Whatever he does, he’s going to be great at it,” said Bridgette Norris, the current journalism teacher at Boone, who taught him this past school year.
12. Which of the following words best describe Rummler?
A. Hardworking and modest.
B. Optimistic and creative.
C. Humorous and talented.
D. Strong-minded and considerate.
13. What can we learn about Rummler?
A. He has had more than 20 surgeries.
B. He is willing to accept difficult tasks.
C. He has never missed school because of his disease.
D. He will soon be the editor-in-chief of the Boone newspaper.
14. What won Rummler the “student journalist of the year” award?
A. His willingness to accept challenges.
B. His contribution to his high school paper.
C. His ability to create a variety of news works.
D. His inspiring reports about graduation.
15. How does Norris feel about Rummler’s life in college?
A. Confident.
B. Doubtful.
C. Surprised.
D. Worried.
第二节七选五阅读理解（12.5分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reflect on our relation with nature
UK physicist Isaac Newton once said, “ ____16____.” Indeed, Mother Nature can provide almost everything human beings need if we follow her rules. But if we break the rules, she is likely to be cruel and lash out (迅猛攻击) at us.
The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in China and some other countries at the beginning of this year is an example. ____17____ and probably has an intermediate host. It’s said that the virus originated from the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan, Hubei province, where live wild animals were sold.
The Wall Street Journal reported that Dr Peter Daszak, president of the US-based health organization EcoHealth Alliance, said, “This outbreak is a lesson for us. On a global scale (规模), human population density (密度), wildlife diversity, and land use change are what drive new pandemics (流行病).”
In the ancient times, people needed to rely on nature to survive so they held it in awe . For example, the American Indians believed that humans are a part of nature and nature is a part of humans. ___18___ However, as human beings master more knowledge and make more advanced tools, people try to change and even conquer nature. They use more land to make buildings, genetically modify (改变) plants, capture some wild and odd animals to suit their own needs. In this process, humans gradually lose contact with nature and even throw it out of balance.
___19___, Brian Lamacraft at Medium said it’s time for people to “reflect on our relationship with our planet”
and “reconnect with this world and everything that we’ve been given”. After all, according to US poet Gary Snyder, “____20____”
A. Nature is not the place to visit. It’s our home
B. Nature is pleased with simplicity and nature is no dummy
C. Chinese ancients always pursued the harmony between nature and human beings
D. It reminds us that the past outbreaks did severe damage to the human society
E. Although we don’t know for sure what first caused the NCP outbreak
F. The new coronavirus is similar to a virus found in a bat in 2017
G. The only mother of human beings are now facing a great threat-environmental problem
第三部分语言运用
第一节完形填空（20分每题1分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need, but would you like them to hear the ___21___ you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites, such as micro-blog, blog and the Facebook, have actually become ___22___ of the school hallways(走廊), so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to ___23___ your online ___24___ and conversations with friends?
In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were ___25___ with latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no
___26___ to be good at new technology. ___27___, more and more parents are beginning to ___28___ just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the ___29___ to educate themselves about social networking sites.
These days many people are ___30___ to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them; there’s also a certain amount of control over ___31___ that we don’t get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is ___32___ when we must accept a “friend” request from a parent or family member.
It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our ___33___ lives. On the one hand we don’t want to “refuse” their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to ___34___. On the other hand if you do accept, then you could have a(n) ___35___ of being watched and no longer feel ___36___ to comment or communicate the way you did before.
A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request: “When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request, it doesn’t ___37___ mean that they are hiding something, but it could mean that
this is one part of their life where they want to be truly ___38___.” Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the ___39___ if you do choose not to ___40___ them to your friends list.
21. A. quarrels B. conversations
C. debates
D. bargains 22. A. explosions B. focuses
C. extensions
D. definitions 23. A. spread B. decide
C. repeat
D. view 24. A. habits B. activities
C. images
D. shows 25. A. in association B. in conflict
C. side by side
D. up to date 26. A. need B. choice
C. money
D. time 27 A. However B. Indeed
C. Thus
D. Otherwise 28. A. advocate B. realize
C. deny
D. doubt 29. A. excuse B. ability
C. motivation
D. chance 30. A. exposed B. attracted
C. adapted
D. committed 31. A. privacy B. privilege
C. personality
D. process 32. A. interpreted B. interacted
C. insulted
D. invaded 33. A. school B. online
C. family
D. social 34. A. avoid B. dislike
C. hide
D. refuse 35. A. guilt B. memory
C. sense
D. obligation 36. A. worried B. satisfied
C. real
D. free 37. A. nevertheless B. necessarily
C. possibly
D. entirely 38. A. independent B. available
C. popular
D. responsible 39 A. voice B. hatred
C. result
D. blow 40. A. show
B. apply
C. add
D. force 第二节语法综合填空（10分 每题1分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 RealCine is unlike an ordinary film. The technology____41____it is virtual reality. When you see the film, it ____42____(excite) all your five senses. It can make you feel you are a character in the film. When you see the film____43____(set) in the Himalayas, you can not only feel every step of climbing a mountain____44____also experience the cold, smells, sights, and sounds of the___45___ (surround) environment. In order to make you feel that you are actually in the film, special headsets ____46____(design) to enable you to see the whole world of 3D animation and hear the sound clearly. The direction ___47___you want to go is ..
indicated by the movements of the headset. And these movements are monitored____48____(continue) as you move around inside the film. Smells are given out____49____the small opening in the headsets. Both the headsets and the gloves____50____(connect) to computer network in the VR studio.
第四部分写作
第一节应用文
51.假如你叫李华，是一位中学生。学了Healthy Eating话题后，你想用英语给21th Century报社的编辑写一封信，反映你对当今学生饮食的看法，包括以下要点：
1．越来越多的学生喜欢吃西式快餐，结果摄入大量的糖和脂肪；
2．人们对中餐和西式快餐哪种更健康有不同看法；
3．你认为中餐更健康，并说出你的理由。
注意：1.词数80-100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor，
____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua 第二节读后续写
52.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A friend of mine, named Jack, received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Jack came out of his office, a street urchin(顽童) was walking around the shining car.“Is this your car, sir?” he asked. Jack answered, “Yes，my brother gave it to me for Christmas.” The boy was surprised.“You mean your brother gave it to you and it cost you nothing? Sir, I wish...”He hesitated(犹豫)．Jack thought of course he knew what the boy wanted, but what the boy said surprised him greatly. “I wish,” the boy went on,“that I could be a brother like that.” Jack looked at the boy in surprise，and then he said again，“Would you like to take a ride in my car?” “Oh yes, I’d love to.” the boy answered.
After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said, “Sir, would you mind driving in front of my
house”
Jack smiled a little. He thought he knew what the boy wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big car. But Jack was wrong again.“Will you stop where those two steps are?” the boy asked.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150词左右；
2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1：
He got out and ran up to the steps.
____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2：
Jack got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car.
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根据?市政府办公室关于印发〖如皋市文学艺术奖评奖办法（试行）〗的通知?（皋政办发〔2012〕139号）精神，如皋市文学艺术奖评选工作委员会对第三届如皋市文学艺术奖进行了评审，共确定29件拟获奖作品。其中，金奖1件，银奖5件，铜奖9件，优秀作品奖14件（同一奖次按艺术门类排列，排名不分先后）。现将拟获奖作品予以公示，公示时间为2016年3月30日～4月12日，欢迎社会各界监督。 电话：0513～87199560 通信地址：如皋市行政中心B座503室 邮政编码：226500 附件：第三届如皋市文学艺术奖拟获奖作品名单 如皋市文学艺术奖评审委员会办公室 2016年3月28日
金奖（1件） 序号作品名称艺术门类主创人员报送单位 1 《北京千年风景图》 （工艺丝毯） 美术、书法、 摄影类 李玉坤 如皋市民间 文艺家协会 银奖（5件） 1 《看了蚂蚁又看云》 （短篇小说集） 文学类郭姜燕如皋市安定小学 2 《如皋·文脉》 （电视纪录片）广播电影电视类 周鹏、管永志、 李霁、戴磊 如皋市文广 传媒集团 3 《太行晨曦》（美术）美术、书法、 摄影类 吴学根如皋市文化馆 4 《心往故乡飞》（音乐）音乐、舞蹈、曲艺、 杂技类 缪新华、戚建波 如皋市文广新 局、文化馆 5 《我爸有钱》（小品）戏剧表演类蒋萍、马洋、 盛超等 如皋市文化馆 铜奖（9件） 1 《花朵奇奇谷》 （长篇奇幻小说） 文学类赵梓淳如皋初级中学 2 《先走一步》 （微型小说集）文学类段国圣 如皋市人民 检察院 3 《传统服饰守望者》 （电视纪录片）广播电影电视类黄成俊 如皋市文广 传媒集团 4 《直抵精神家园的约定 ——丁捷作品<约定>赏读》（广播文艺）广播电影电视类 余慧、徐金慧、 徐婧、张强、 徐从容 如皋市广播 电视台 5 《文心雕龙封禅篇》 （书法）美术、书法、 摄影类 吴建军 如皋市书法家 协会 6 《鱼之梦》（版画）美术、书法、 摄影类 冒朝霖 如皋市特殊 教育学校 7 《盛世倒花篮》 （广场舞）音乐、舞蹈、曲艺、 杂技类 蒋萍、黄步齐、 程佩兰等 如皋市文化馆、 市老年人文化 体育协会 8 《老友互助吧》（曲艺）音乐、舞蹈、曲艺、 杂技类 陈元琪、周忠达 如皋市退休人员 夕阳红艺术团 9 《张三送母》（木偶剧）戏剧表演类谢国明、沈薛红、 张正华、刘建芸 等 如皋市木偶 艺术团 优秀作品奖（14件） 1 《靖州的高度》（散文）文学类谢爱平如皋市作家协会 2 《小事一桩》文学类陈元琪如皋市文广新局
2019～2020学年度高一年级第二学期教学质量调研（一） 物理试题 （考试时间：90分钟 分值：100分） 一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共计24分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意． 1． 下列实例中，机械能守恒的是 A ．降落伞在空中匀速下降 B ．从高处沿光滑曲面下滑的物体 C ．流星在夜空中坠落并发出明亮的光焰 D ．行驶中的汽车制动后滑行一段距离，最后停下 2． 如图所示，两个不带电的导体A 和B ，用一对绝缘柱支持使它 们彼此接触．把一带正电荷的物体C 置于A 附近，贴在A 、B 下部的金属箔都张开 A ．此时A 带正电，B 带负电 B ．此时A 的电势低于B 的电势 C ．移去C ，贴在A 、B 下部的金属箔都闭合 D ．先把A 和B 分开，然后移去C ，贴在A 、B 下部的金属箔都闭合 3． 在某行星表面附近．．．． 有一卫星，绕该行星做匀速圆周运动，测得其周期为T ，引力常量G 已知，则可算出 A ．该行星的质量 B ．该行星的直径 C ．该行星表面的重力加速度 D ．该行星的平均密度 4． 宇宙中，两颗靠得比较近的恒星，只受到彼此之间的万有引力作用 互相绕转，称之为双星系统．设某双星系统绕其连线上的O 点做匀速圆周运动，如图所示．若AO 江苏省如皋中学2019～2020学年度高一年级第一学期期末教 学质量调研 语文 （时间150分钟总分150分） 一、现代文阅读（36分） （一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。 桥梁记脱胎于汉魏桥梁碑文，桥梁碑文是将修桥始末形成文字、勒石刻碑，以称扬功绩、远播声名。自汉徂宋，桥梁记文逐渐独立开来，在其演变历程中，创作主旨与语言形式的变化最为明显，具有多维价值。 从创作主旨看，宋前桥梁记主要是歌颂功德。入宋后，桥梁记创作主旨由称扬外在事功向表达内在自我转化，作者常借修桥话题论政治理念，滕强恕《平政桥记》云“政有大体，推诚心，昭公道，行实政，而民不与焉，如斯而已”；或宣德性品格，曾巩《归老桥记》赞赏柳侯老而归乡、不贪仕禄，“明于进退之节”，随着宋代理学风气渐浓，桥梁记主观性、哲理化倾向也渐强。从语言形式看，宋前四篇桥梁记皆为骈文，文辞工整华美。究其原因，一是受时代文风的影响，二是源于桥梁记最初竖碑颂德的功用。然而骈语记事常因对偶形式所限，桥梁尺寸、经费来源、工程处理等细节难以准确说明，剥去宋前桥梁记浮华的辞藻外衣，详细信息并不多。宋代桥梁记则主要以散体书写，语言形式自由、平实严谨，利于记事议论，文中地理变迁、桥梁兴毁、建筑原理、材料工费、规模尺寸、修建者品格的书写更全面细致，文章篇幅亦较宋前普遍变长。同为书写建桥过程，宋代文同《众会镇南桥记》“端夫昔已深恻，治且未暇，殆今视之犹尔，议将桥焉。其季师皋而说之，愿亦输其家赀，以佐厥役。架材通沟，琢石补道，长袤高广，完好坚直”一段，与唐代乔潭《中渭桥记》相比流畅自如得多。虽然仍有个别篇章有意复古，一些散语为主的桥梁记也间用骈语，但挡不住宋代桥梁记散文化脚步，并最终定型为桥梁记的语言范式，影响深远。明清两代唐顺之等人的桥梁记皆予沿袭。宋代处于桥梁记文体发展历程中的繁荣定型期，关注宋代桥梁记的主旨、语言等方面的文学书写对古代文体演化规律和中国叙事学研究很有裨益。 宋代桥梁是我国古代建筑成就的重要体现，很多桥梁实体今已消失，《清明上河图》中壮美虹桥只存在于画作中，其尺寸规模等具体信息均不得而知，实为憾事。宋代桥梁记则有助于弥补这一缺憾，今人可据文中桥梁修造的时间、地点、工费、修造者等准确信息，管窥彼时文明。宋代蔡襄主持修建万安桥，并写下《万安桥记》并刻碑桥旁，文章记载了修建起讫时间“始造于皇祐五年庚寅，以嘉祐四年二月辛未讫工”，桥墩数量“垒趾于渊，酾水为四十七道”，桥梁尺寸“其长三千六百尺，广丈有五尺”，所耗工费“靡金钱一千四百万”，工程执事人“卢实、王锡等，十有五人”等信息，为后人保留了准确而珍贵的史料。不唯《万安桥记》，宋代其他桥梁记中皆有关于修建桥梁的信息记录，对后人研究中国桥梁史、文化史具有重要意义。 桥梁科学涉及桥梁的用料、结构、设计、施工等方面，在宋代桥梁记中皆有体现。宋代桥梁记中记载了当时桥梁的用料情况，主要材料有木材、石料，辅助材料有铜铁、竹藤等。如以木质为主的，石介《宣化军新桥记》记载桥的五杠、三十七柱、七十八梁，皆用壮大耐腐的巨木搭建。其他常见材料还有瓦、竹等。每种材料的选择，都会依据桥梁所处的地貌、 江苏省如皋初级中学2020届九年级新课结束考试语文试题（时间：150分鈡分值：150分） 一（24分） 阅读下面的一段文字，完成1-4题。（9分） 世界上只有汉字是上古时期各大文字体系中唯一传承至今的表意文字，包含着丰富的文化nèihán和审美意蕴，是中华文明最灿烂的guībǎo之一。但汉字又是最难书写的文字，每一个字都需要不断记忆，反复练习才能形成书写能力（）依靠键盘等输入工具书写，减少了手写汉字的机会，也就降低了正确书写的能力。即使未来几代人汉字书写能力持续普遍下降，文明传承的品质也会形成缺损。尽管汉字书写目前还不至于出现需要拯救的危机，但对书写能力下降的qūshì应该及早jǐngju é。 1．根据拼音在下面的横线上写出相应的汉字。（4分） ▲▲▲▲2．在文中（）处应填的标点符号是▲。（1分） 3．划线句子有语病，请写出修改意见。（1分） ▲▲▲ 4．如皋初中为了帮助同学们了解汉字书写的重要性和提高同学们的汉字书写水平，邀请了如皋书法家沈正老师为全体初三学生3月20日在报告厅做一个“汉字与中国文化”的专题讲座，请你为初三学生会拟写一则通知。（3分） ▲▲▲ 5．2020年两会中，环境保护，治理雾霾成了十大热点问题之一，培养学生的生态保护意识，举办了以“美丽中国，绿色生活”为主题的综合性学习活动，请你完成下面的任务。（7分） （1）同学们在活动中搜集到如下资料，请根据材料概括雾霾严重污染的原因。（3分） ①2020年11月26日，我国中东部地区出现今年入冬以来首次寒潮天气。地面由干冷空气控制，随着冷高压进入东部海上，其势力逐渐减弱，中东部大部地区转受变性高压控制，大气层结稳定，地面风小，不利于污染物扩散。 ②近二十年来，我国每亿元GDP产生的排放一直呈下降趋势，但燃煤、用油的数量以及排放大户钢铁、水泥业的增长却大大超出预期，导致污染排放总量持续上升。以煤炭为例，发达国家煤炭在能源消费中的比重普遍已降到30%以下，而我国迄今仍在70%的高位徘徊，几乎占全球煤炭消费量的一半。 ③“秸秆焚烧并非空气污染的主要来源，从全国而言，其产生的PM2.5不到PM2.5总量的5%。但由于秸秆是在1、2天时间内集中焚烧，在污染最重的一天，秸秆焚烧产生的PM2.5可能占当天空气中PM2.5量的30%、40%。”国家环境保护城市颗粒物污染防治重点实验室主任冯银厂说。 ▲▲▲ （2）某同学回老家途中看到有一个老人在路边焚烧秸秆，他决定上前劝阻，如果你就是那位同学，你会怎样说？（2分） ▲▲▲ （3）某同学在微博上写下了心目中“美丽中国”的样子。他写了上句，请你根据语意，续写下句。（要求：语意相关、句式相同、字数相等）（2分） 上句：在蓝天白云下自由呼吸 ▲▲▲ 6．用古诗文原句填空。 (8分) ①春蚕到死丝方尽，▲。（李商隐《无题》） 江苏省如皋中学2019-2020学年度高一年级第二学期 数学期初考试 一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1. 已知ABC 中，4a =，b =30A ?=，则B 等于（ ） ． A. 60?或120? B. 30? C. 60? D. 30?或150? 2. 已知0a b <<，则下列不等式成立的是 （ ） A. 22a b < B. 2a ab < C. 11a b < D. 1b a < 3. 等差数列{}n a 中，若34567450a a a a a ++++=，则前9项和9S =（ ） A. 1620 B. 810 C. 900 D. 675 4. 已知不等式210ax bx --≥的解集是11,23??--???? ，则不等式20x bx a --<的解集是（ ） A. ()(),32,-∞-?-+∞ B. ()3,2-- C. ()(),23,-∞+∞ D. ()2,3 5. 已知△ABC 三内角A ，B ，C 的对边分别为a ，b ，c ，若 c a a b b c +++=1，则B 的大小为（ ） A. 30 B. 60 C. 120 D. 150 6. 若0,0x y >>且 191x y +=，则x y +的最小值是（ ） A. 6 B. 12 C. 24 D. 16 7. 我国古代数学名著《算法统宗》中有如下问题：“远望巍巍塔七层，红光点点倍加增，共灯三百八十一，请问尖头几盏灯？”意思是：一座7层塔共挂了381盏灯，且相邻两层中的下一层灯数是上一层灯数的2倍，则塔的顶层共有灯： A. 281盏 B. 9盏 C. 6盏 D. 3盏 8. 已知命题：“在等差数列{}n a 中，若()210424a a a ++=，则11S 为定值”为真命题，由于印刷问题，括号处的数模糊不清，可推得括号内的数为（ ） 江苏省如皋中学2020-2021学年度高三年级教学质量调研（二） 物理试题参考答案 一、单项选择题：本题共 8 小题，每小题 3 分，共计 24 分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意． 1.A 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.B 二、多项选择题：本题共 4 小题，每小题 4 分，共计 16 分，每小题有多个选项符合题意．全 部选对的得 4 分，选对但不全的得 2 分，选错或不选的得 0 分． 9.AD 10.ABD 11.BC 12.BD 三、实验题：本题共 2 小题，共计 14 分．请将解答填写在答题卡相应位置． 13．（6分）（1）×10 130（每空1分） （2）如图（每根连线1分） （3）130（2 分） 14．（8分）（1）aa ′ （2）1.9 < （3）0.18~0.19（每空2分） 四、计算题：本题共 4 小题，共计 46 分．解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算 步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分，有数值计算的题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位． 15．(10 分)解： （1） 对活塞受力分析得 pS =p 0 S +mg (2 分) 解 得 p =p 0 + mg S (1 分) （2） 加热过程中气体等压膨胀，由 V 0 =2V 0 (2 分) T 0 T 2 解得 T 2= 2T 0 （3） 该过程中气体内能增加 (1 分) △U =kT 2－kT 0 (1分) 解得△U =kT 0 因气体体积增大，故此过程中气体对外做功 W =－p ?V (1分) 解得 W=－(p 0+ mg )V 0 S 由热力学第一定律有 ?U=Q+W (1分) 解得该过程中气体吸收的热量 Q=kT0+(p0+ mg )V0 (1分) S 16．(12 分)解：（1）线圈匀速运动时E =BLv I = E R mg =BIL 解得v=mgR B2L2 （2）q =It (1分) (1分) (1分) (1分) (1分) I = E R (1 分) E =BLx t 得q =BLx R 解得x=qR BL （3）对线圈，静止→匀速运动，取竖直向下为正方向，由动量定理有mgt -BILt =mv - 0 即mgt -BLq =mv - 0(1分) (1分) (2分) 解得t = mR B2L2 + BLq mg (2 分) 17．（12分）解： （1）粒子做圆周运动有 v2 qv B =m0(2 分) R 1 根据粒子在磁场中运动的轨迹，可以得到粒子的轨道半径R1=d (1分) 解得B=mv 0 qd （2 B (1分) R2=2d (1分) ）①磁感应强度大小变为2后，粒子的轨道半径变为 粒子进入电场时速度沿y轴正方向(1分) 0 2019～2020学年度高三年级第二学期调研测试 语文Ⅰ 一、语言文字运用（12分） 1．依次填入下列句中横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（3分） 武汉人民用自己的实际行动，了中国力量、中国精神，彰显了中华民族、守望相助的家国情怀。武汉不愧为英雄的城市，武汉人民不愧为英雄的人民，必将通过打赢这次抗击新冠肺炎疫情斗争再次！ A．展现同仇敌忾彪炳千古 B．展现同舟共济名垂青史 C．呈现同舟共济彪炳千古 D．呈现同仇敌忾名垂青史 的一项是（3分） 2．下列诗句中，使用的修辞手法和其他三项不同 ．． A．孤帆远影碧空尽，唯见长江天际流。 B．座中泣下谁最多，江州司马青衫湿。 C．多少绿荷相倚恨，一时回首背西风。 D．画图省识春风面，环珮空归夜月魂。 3．在下面一段文字横线处填入语句，衔接最恰当的一项是（3分） 浅黄的草木，聆听一双眼睛的低语，我看到一缕期待，▲，▲。▲，▲，▲，▲，与一条通往人间天堂的阶梯邂逅。在离红尘很远的地方，我爱上了一双藏羚羊的眼睛，那双眼睛常常在我的意象中闪烁。 ①萌生爱情的枝芽 ②身穿精致服饰的藏族姑娘临水唱起了曼妙婉转的歌 ③在湖边的星光里 ④在雪山回荡，在湖面漫游 ⑤穿越苍茫的原野 ⑥徐徐渺渺的歌声 A．③①②⑥④⑤B．③④⑤②⑥①C．④①⑥③②⑤D．④⑤⑥③①② 4．对下面一段话主要意思的提炼，最准确的一项是（3分） 植物学家认为，只有腐殖土增厚，植物才能有强旺的生长。一个时期的各种参照多了，也是幸事。浮躁激活了沉思，无耻激活了正义。各种各样的情况也构成了许多机会，思想的萌芽在寻找腐殖土。只有在各种思潮的交织冲荡中才有可能出现崭新的思想、崭新的人。 A．植物强旺生长，离不开增厚的腐殖土。 B．各种思想在同一时期出现是一件幸事。 C．浮躁和无耻反而激发人们的沉思和正义。 D．崭新的思想的诞生需要各种思潮的交织。 二、文言文阅读（20分） 阅读下面的文言文，完成5-8题。 庄太常传 全祖望 庄太常元辰，字起贞，鄞人也。公严气正性，不肯随人唯阿，下笔千言，亦倔强睥睨一切。释．褐．南太常博士，八载不迁，冷曹 清望，泊如也。 ．． 甲申之变，公一日七至中枢史公之门，促以勤王。赧王即位，议选科臣，总宪刘公、掌科章公皆举公为首。而马士英势方张，欲尽致．朝臣出其门下，遣私人来致意曰:“博士曷．持门下刺一谒相公，掌科必无他属也。”公峻拒之。是时虽东林宿老亦俯首称门下于马、阮之门，而考选诸臣能抗．之者，则公一人而已。 钱忠介之起事也，诸乡老最同心者莫如公，破家输饷。初，降臣谢三宾欲梗师，而为王之仁所胁。及忠介与王之仁将赴江上，三宾潜招兵于翠山，众人疑之。王明经家勤谓忠介曰:“公等竟欲西行乎?何其疏也!”忠介惊曰:“计将安出？”家勤曰:“浙东沿海，皆可以舟师达盐官，倘彼乘风而渡，北来捣巢，列城且立溃矣，非分兵留守不可。”忠介曰:“是无以易吾庄公者。”于是共推公任城守事，分兵千人以属公，以四明驿为幕府。忠介乃西行。公日耀兵巡诸堞，里人呼为城门之军。是役也，危城人岌岌，赖公镇之，而三宾不敢动。 江苏省如皋初级中学2020届中考英语二模试题（无答案） 第1卷(选择题共60分) 一、单项选择(本题共15小题，每小题l分，满分l5分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选顼，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ( )1. Mike never tells a lie. _________ honest boy he is! A. What a B. How an C. What an D. How ( )2. The students didn’t find much _________ about the topic on that website. A. message B. story C. article D. information ( )3. ---May I use your mobile phone? ---Sorry, I haven’t found _______ yet. I’m afraid I’ll have to buy ________ in the shop. A. that; it B. one; it C. it; one D. that; one ( )4. We will build another new Great Green Wall _______ the northern part of China. A. through B. among C. across D. between ( )5. Nowadays, blogs are ___________Wechat among young people. A. as popular as B. not so popular as C. n ot popular than D. much more popular than ( )6. There’s little news about Malaysia Airlines flight 370 at present, _________? A. is there B. isn’t there C. is it D. isn’t ( )7. ---________I take photos here? ---No, you _________. Look at the sign. It says “No photos”. A. May; mustn’t B. Must; mustn’t C. Can; may not D. May; may not ( )8. ________ I have free time, I seldom chat online. A. If B. Since C. When D. Unless ( )9. ---_________ is it from your school to the nearest park? ---Only 5 minutes on foot. A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How far ( )10. Mary _______ have lunch at home. But now she _________ it at school. A. used to; is used to having B. was used to ; used to having C. used to; used to have D. used to; is used to have ( )11. Mr Wu_________ French for several years. But now he teaches us English. A. has taught B. had taught C. teaches D. taught ( )12. There are some new words in the article. To understand them better, Millie has to ________in a dictionary. A. look for them B. look them over C. look them up D. look after them ( )13. —Do you know __________ this afternoon? —I’m not sure, but I’ll tell you as soon as she________. A. how Betty will arrive; will start B. how will Betty arrive; starts C. what time Betty will arrive; starts D. what time will Betty arrive; will start ( )14. ---_________more information about travelling in Shanghai,surf the internet. ---OK.I will.Thank you. A. Get B. Getting C.To get D. Got 江苏省如皋中学2020届高三创新班高考冲刺数学模拟试卷四 一、填空题 1．已知集合{} 0,9A =，{}1,2,9B =，则集合 A B ?中的元素个数为__________． 2．复数(420)(1)z i =-+（i 为虚数单位）的实部为__________． 3．某中学为了了解高三年级女生的体重（单位：千克）情况，从中随机抽测了100名女生的体重，所得数据均在区间[48，58]中，其频率分布直方图如图所示，则在抽测的100名女生中，体重在区间[50，56]的女生数为__________． 4．已知抛物线2 4y x =的准线是双曲线22 21(0)2 x y a a - =>的左准线，则a =__________． 5cos()4π αα=+ 则tan()4 π α-的值是__________． 6．已知{}n a 是等比数列，n S 是其前n 项和．若31412a a -=，4217S S =，则2a 的值为__________． 7，设曲线'1:y 1(0)x m C e m +=->上的一点11(,)A x y ，曲线2:ln C y x =上一点()22,B x y ，当12y y =时， 对于任意的1x ，2x 都有AB e ≥恒成立，则m 的最小值为__________． 8．三角形ABC 外接圆直径为AD ，已知2BC =．3 2 AB BC ?=-，则AD BC ?=__________． 9．在三角形ABC 中，若2 3()2||CA AB CB AB AB ?+?=，则（min 1()tan tanA B +=__________． 10．已知D 是ABC △边AC 上一点，且3CD AD =，BD =，1 cos 4 ABC ∠=，则3AB BC +的最大 值为__________． 11．已知椭圆22 22:1(0)x y C a b a b +=>>的左右焦点分别为1F ，2F ，过2F 的直线与椭圆交于AB 两点，若 12AB F F =，111 2 F A F B = ，则椭圆C 的离心率为__________． 江苏省如皋中学2020学年高一语文下学期期初复学考试试题 一、现代文阅读（21分） （一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。 人们常以“人治”和“法治”相对称，认为西洋是法治的社会，我们是人治的社会。所谓人治和法治之别，不在“人”和“法”这两个字上，而在维持秩序时所用的力量和所根据的规范性质。乡土社会不是人治的杜会，可以说是个“无法”的社会，但”无法”并不影响社会的秩序，因为乡土社会是“礼治”社会。 礼治社会并不是指文质彬彬的社会。礼也可以杀人，可以很“野蛮”。譬如我们在旧小说里常读到杀人来祭旗，那是军礼。礼的内容从现代看去，可能是很残酷的。但残酷与否并非合礼与否的问题。礼是社会公认合式的行为规范。合于礼的就是对的，对是合式的意思。如果单从行为规范来说，与法律无异，法律也是一种行为规范。礼和法不相同的地方是维持规范的力量。法律是靠国家权力来推行的，维持礼这种规范的是传统。 传统是社会所累积的经验，不论哪一个社会，绝不会没有传统。衣食住行种种最基本的事务，我们并不要事事费心，那是因为我们托祖宗之福，有着可以遵守的成法。在乡土社会中，传统的重要性比现代社会更甚。那是因为在乡土社会里传统的效力更大。乡土社会是安土重迁的。不但人口流动很小，而且人们所取给资源的土地也很少变动。在这种代代如是的环境里，个人不但可以信任自己的经验，而且同样可以信任若祖若父的经验。不必知之，只要照办，生活就能得到保障的办法，自然会随之发生一套价值。依照着做就有福，不依照就会出毛病。于是人们对于传统有了敬畏之感了，礼并不是靠外在的权力来推行的，而是从教化中养成了个人的敬畏之感，使人服膺；人服礼是主动的。礼是可以为人所好的，所谓“富而好礼”。孔子很重视服礼的主动性。颜渊问仁，子曰：“克己复礼为仁。一日克己复礼，天下归仁焉。为仁由己，而由人乎哉？” 这显然是和法律不同了，甚至不同于普通所谓道德。法律是从外限制人的，不守法所得到的罚是由特定的权力加之于个人的。道德是社会與论所维持的，做了不道德的事，见不得人，那是不好；受人唾弃，是耻。礼则有甚于道德：如果失礼，不但不好，而且不对、不合、不成。这是个人习惯所维持的。礼治在表面看去好像是人们行为不受规律拘而自动形成的秩序。其实自动的说法是不准确的，只是主动的服于威规罢了。 法治和礼治是发生在两种不同的社会情态中。这里所谓礼治也许就是普通所谓人治，但礼治和由个人好恶的统治相差很远，因为礼是传统，是整个社会历史在维持这种秩序。礼治社会并不能在变迁很快的时代中出现的，这是乡土社会的特色。 (摘编自费孝通《乡土中国》) 1.下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是(3分） A.礼是乡土社会公认合式的行为规范，有的可能是残醋的，但只要合于礼的就是合式的。 B.人们常认为我们是“人治”的社会，这种观点并不符合实际，因为我们是礼治社会。 C. 礼治社会的秩序不是人们行为受拘束而自动形成的，而是通过传统的约束被动形成的。 D. 相比较而言，礼治社会比法治社会更为优越，因为礼治社会是靠礼来维持秩序的。 2. 下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是(3分） 白蒲中学和如皋一中学习心得体会 张丹丹 2016年6月11日至日，在学校的精心组织安排下，我们一行出发奔赴如皋市的重点高中白蒲中学和如皋一中进行了为期一周的学习。期间观摩了课堂教学、了解了他们的班级管理制度以及小组合作情况，并与授课教师交流互动，参与了部分学科的集体备课和教研活动。这次学习，我深受启发，下面主要谈谈我在如皋参观学习后的两点感受： 、勤勤恳恳的班级管理 在白蒲中学三天的学习过程，让我感触很深，我对该校的班主任老师产生了深深的敬意，他们敬业、负责、热情和积极的工作态度和工作方式感染了我，也给我自己的班主任工作带来了很大的启发。 该校班主任工作的辛苦程度之大，让人感动。早上点分学生进入教室开始早自习，很多班主任老师也到了教室，和语文或英语老师一起陪伴学生早读。早饭之后，每天都有分钟的早会时间，班主任老师利用这个时间处理班级事物，鼓励激发学生的学习斗志。我看到很多的班主任老师在上午和下午的大课间时间，也经常进班看着学生学习。学生在这种监督和陪伴下，即使课间也很少下位，除了上厕所就是在座位上学习，整个校园在任何时候都听不到学生的喧哗之声，也很少看到学生在教室外玩闹的身影，在学校里，我所能听到的声音，最多的就是郎朗的读书声。该校老师课务繁重，但是班主任老师在完成教学任务的同时，愿意付出更多的心血和时间来进行班级管理，让人敬佩。 很多班主任老师不仅勤勤恳恳，而且十分用心。在白蒲中学我听到一位姓顾的老师的班会课，非常精彩，给我印象最深的是他想方设法激励学生的学习斗志。首先从班级文化建设就能看到该老师的用心程度，在他的班级的前后左右的墙面上都布置着激励学生的项目，例如墙的设置，每个学生都要列出自己的考试的目标分数和竞争对手，每个学期白蒲中学都要进行次比较主要的考试，墙上会用不同的标志反映出每个学生是否达成了自己的目标和击败了竞争对手。此外，教室还布置有“期待墙”、“贡献之星”、“之星”、“之星”、“学习之星”、“语文之星”、“数学之星”、“外语之星”、“进步之星”等栏目。学生每天在这样充满竞争和动力的氛围下学习，对于激励学生严于律己，做事坚持不懈，很实用。学校充分利 江苏省如皋中学2020-2021学年度第一学期第二次阶段考试 高一数学 一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1. 已知集合A ={}10，，B ={} 12 =x x ，则A B 的子集个数为( ) A. 2 B. 4 C. 8 D.16 2.若幂函数( ) 22 23 1m m y m m x --=--在区间()0,+∞上是减函数，则实数m 的值为（ ） A ．2m = B ．1m =- C ．1m =-或2 D ．2m =-或1 3.已经,7 2log ,5 1log ,515 273 1 ==?? ? ??=c b a 则( ) A. c b a << B.c a b << C. a c b << D.a b c << 4. 240tan 750sin +的值是( ) A. 233 B.2 3 C.321+ D ．321+- 5.我国著名数学家华岁庚先生曾说：“数缺形时少直观，形缺数时难入微，数形结合百般好，隔裂分家万休.”在数学的学习和研究中，常用函数的图象来研究函数的性质，也常用函数的解析式来琢磨函数的图象的特征，如函数2 3()1x f x x = -的图象大致是（ ） A B C D 6.不等式[)π2,0,01sin 2∈≥-x x ]的解集为( ) A.??????6, 0π B.??????4,0π C.??????ππ,6 D.?? ? ???65,6ππ 7.若函数22 4(1) ()42(1)x a x f x x ax a x ?+≤?=?-+>?? 在R 上单调，则a 的取值范围是( ) 江苏省如皋中学2020～2021学年度第一学期第二次阶段考试 高二化学（必修） 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 K 39 一．选择题（本大题共26个小题，每小题3分，共计78分。每小题的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求） 1．手机芯片是一种在半导体材料上集合多种电子元器件的电路模块。下列可用作半导体材料的是 A ．铝 B ．硅 C ．碳 D ．铁 2．2020年11月24日，我国长征五号运载搭载火箭嫦娥五号月球探测器发射取得圆满成功，该火箭主发动机中所用的液氧（O 2）属于 A ．单质 B ．氧化物 C ．化合物 D ．有机物 3．下列物质的俗名与化学式对应正确的是 A ．食盐－NaCl B ．铁红－Fe 3O 4 C ．明矾－Al 2(SO 4)3 D ．烧碱－Ca(OH)2 4．右图装置可用于石油蒸馏。其中仪器名称 不． 正确的是 A ．a －酒精灯 B ．b －圆底烧瓶 C ．c －冷凝管 D ．d －锥形瓶 5．关于0.1mol N 2的下列有关说法正确的是 A ．含有6.02×1023个N 2 B ．质量为1.4g C ．体积为22.4L D ．含有0.2 mol 氮原子 6．工业上可用金属钠与氯化钾反应制金属钾，其化学方程式为Na ＋KCl=====高温 NaCl ＋K↑。该反应属于 a b c A ．置换反应 B ．复分解反应 C ．分解反应 D ．化合反应 7．蛋白质是人类必须的营养物质，下列食品中富含蛋白质的是 A ．面包 B ．米饭 C ．牛肉 D ．蔬菜 8．下列过程只涉及物理变化的是 A ．伐薪烧炭 B ．酿酒成醋 C ．滴水成冰 D ．百炼成钢 9．下列物质属于离子化合物的是 A ．HCl B ．K 2O C ．CO D ．N 2 10．下列溶液中c (Cl －)最小的是 A ．100mL 0.1mol ·L －1NaCl B ．100mL 0.05mol ·L －1MgCl 2 C ．100mL 0.1mol ·L －1AlCl 3 D ．100mL 0.05mol ·L －1HCl 11．下列化学用语表示正确的是 A ．氯气的电子式：Cl ∶Cl B ．乙烯的结构简式：CH 2CH 2 C ．钠原子的结构示意图： D ．硫酸亚铁的电离方程式：FeSO 4===Fe 2＋＋SO 2－4 12．工业制硝酸过程中的一个重要反应为4NH 3＋5O 2=====催化剂 △ 4NO ＋6H 2O 。下列有关该反应的说法正确的是 A ．O 2是还原剂 B ．NH 3是氧化剂 C ．O 2失去电子 D ．NH 3发生氧化反应 13．实验室可用右图所示装置制取少量O 2。下列说法不． 正确的是 A ．实验前需检查装置的气密性 B ．当水槽中导管口一有气泡逸出时，就立即收集O 2 C ．实验结束时先从水槽中取出导管，再撤走酒精灯 D ．常温下将带余烬木条伸入盛有O 2的集气瓶中，木条复燃 2019～2020学年度高二年级第二学期教学质量调研（一） 语文试题 一、现代文阅读（24分） （一）论述类文本阅读（9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。 乡土本色 费孝通 从基层上看去，中国社会是乡土性的。那些被称土气的乡下人是中国社会的基层。我们说乡下人土气，这个土字用得很好。土字的基本意义是指泥土。乡下人离不了泥土，因为在乡下住，种地是最普通的谋生办法。靠种地谋生的人才明白泥土的可贵。农业直接取资于土地，种地的人搬不动地，长在土里的庄稼行动不得，土气是因为不流动而发生的。 不流动是从人和空间的关系上说的，从人和人在空间的排列关系上说就是孤立和隔膜。孤立和隔膜并不是以个人为单位的，而是以住在一处的集团为单位的。中国乡土社区的单位是村落，从三家村起可以到几千户的大村。孤立、隔膜是就村和村之间的关系而说的。孤立和隔膜并不是绝对的，但是人口的流动率小，社区间的往来也必然疏少。我想我们很可以说，乡土社会的生活是富于地方性的。地方性是指他们活动范围有地域上的限制，在区域间接触少，生活隔离，各自保持着孤立的社会圈子。 乡土社会在地方性的限制下成了生于斯、死于斯的社会。常态的生活是终老是乡。假如在一个村子里的人都是这样的话，在人和人的关系上也就发生了一种特色，每个孩子都是在人家眼中看着长大的，在孩子眼里周围的人也是从小就看惯的。这是一个“熟悉”的社会，没有陌生人的社会。 在社会学里，我们常分出两种不同性质的社会：一种并没有具体目的，只是因为在一起生长而发生的社会；一种是为了要完成一件任务而结合的社会。用一位外国学者的话说，前者是“有机的团结”，后者是“机械的团结”。用我们自己的话说，前者是礼俗社会，后者是法理社会。生活上被土地所囿住的乡民，他们平素所接触的是生而与俱的人物，正像我们的父母兄弟一般，并不是由于我们选择得来的关系，而是无须选择，甚至先我而在的一个生活环境。 熟悉是从时间里、多方面、经常的接触中所发生的亲密的感觉。这感觉是无数次的小磨擦里陶炼出来的结果。这过程是《论语》第一句里的“习”字。“学”是和陌生事物的最初接触，“习”是陶炼，“不亦说乎”是描写熟悉之后的亲密感觉。在一个熟悉的社会中，我们会得到从心所欲而不逾规矩的自由。这和法律所保障的自由不同。规矩是“习”出来的礼俗。从俗即是从心。 “我们大家是熟人，打个招呼就是了，还用得着多说么？”——这类的话已经成了我们现代社会的阻碍。现代社会是个陌生人组成的社会，各人不知道各人的底细，所以得讲个明白；还要怕口说无凭，画个押，签个字。这样才发生法律。在乡土社会中法律是无从发生的。“这不是见外了么？”乡土社会里从熟悉得到信任。乡土社会的信用并不是对契约的重视，而是发生于对一种行为的规矩熟悉到不加思索时的可靠性。 从熟悉里得来的认识是个别的，并不是抽象的普遍原则。在熟悉的环境里生长的人，不需要这种原则，他只要在接触所及的范围之中知道从手段到目的间的个别关联。在乡土社会中生长的人似乎不太追求这笼罩万有的真理。我读《论语》时，看到孔子在不同人面前说着不同的话来解释“孝”的意义时，我感觉到这乡土社会的特性了。孝是什么？孔子并没有抽象地加以说明，而是列举具体的行为，因人而异地答复了他的学生。 在我们社会的急速变迁中，从乡土社会进入现代社会的过程中，我们在乡土社会中所养 如皋市第一中学2021年高三学情调研测试 化学 可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 O-16 S-32 Cl-35.5 Mn-55 Zn-65 Br-80 I-127 选择题 单项选择题：本题包括10小题，每小题2分，共计20分。每小题只有一个 选项符合题 ．．．． 意。 1．化学与能源开发、环境保护、资源利用等密切相关。下列说法正确的是A．为提高农作物的产量和质量，应大量使用化肥和农药 B．绿色化学的核心是应用化学原理对环境污染进行治理 C．实现化石燃料清洁利用，就无需开发新能源 D．垃圾是放错地方的资源，应分类回收利用 2．下列有关化学用语表示正确的是 A．质子数为53、中子数为78的碘原子： B．N 2的电子式： C．S2—的结构示意图： D．邻羟基苯甲酸的结构简式： 3．下列现象或事实可用同一化学原理加以说明的是 A．氯化铵和碘都可以用加热法进行提纯 B．氯水和二氧化硫气体均能使品红溶液褪色 C．铁片或铝片置于冷的浓硫酸或冷的浓硝酸中均无明显现象 D．硫酸亚铁溶液和水玻璃在空气中久置后均会变质 4．常温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中能大量共存的是 A．pH=1的溶液中：Fe2＋、NO3—、SO42—、Na＋ B．水电离出的c（H＋）＝10—12mol/L的溶液中：Ca2＋、K＋、Cl—、HCO3— C．c（H＋）/c（OH—）＝1012的水溶液中：NH4＋、Al3＋、NO3—、Cl— D．c（Fe3＋）＝0.1mol/L的溶液中：K＋、ClO—、SO42—、SCN— 5．下列因果关系叙述正确的是 A．SO2具有漂白性，故可使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色 B．浓硝酸中的HNO3见光会分解，故有时在实验室看到的浓硝酸呈黄色 C．Na的金属性比Mg强，故可用Na与MgCl2溶液反应制取Mg D．Fe在Cl2中燃烧生成FeCl3，故在与其他非金属反应的产物中Fe也显+3价6．下列叙述正确的是 A．在原电池的负极和电解池的阴极上都发生失电子的氧化反应 B．镀层破损后，镀锡铁板比镀锌铁板更耐腐蚀 C．用惰性电极电解Na2SO4溶液，阴、阳两极产物的物质的量之比为1∶2 D．用惰性电极电解饱和NaCl溶液，若有1mol电子转移，则生成1mol NaOH 7．二氧化硅（SiO2）又称硅石，是制备硅及其化合物的重要原料（如图）。下列说法正确的是 2019-2020江苏省南通市如皋中学学年高一上学期阶段考试 数学试题（创新班） 一、单选题 1．设n S 是等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和，已知23a =，611a =，则7S 等于（ ）． A ．13 B ．35 C ．49 D ．63 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：依题意有21613{511 a a d a a d =+==+=，解得1a 1,d 2==，所以 7172149S a d =+=. 【考点】等差数列的基本概念. 【易错点晴】本题主要考查等差数列的基本概念. 在解有关等差数列的问题时可以考虑化归为1a 和d 等基本量，通过建立方程(组)获得解．即等差数列的通项公式 1(1)n a a n d =+-及前n 项和公式11()(1) 22 n n n a a n n S na d +-= =+，共涉及五个量1,,,,n n a d n a S ，知其中三个就能求另外两个,即知三求二，多利用方程组的思想，体现 了用方程的思想解决问题,注意要弄准它们的值.运用方程的思想解等差数列是常见题型，解决此类问题需要抓住基本量1a 、d ，掌握好设未知数、列出方程、解方程三个环节，常通过“设而不求，整体代入”来简化运算． 2．已知,m n 是两条不同直线，,,αβγ是三个不同平面，下列命题中正确的是（ ） A ．若,,m n αα‖‖则m n ‖ B ．若,,αγβγ⊥⊥则α β‖ C ．若,,m m αβ‖‖则αβ‖ D ．若,,m n αα⊥⊥则m n ‖ 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】 A 项，,m n 可能相交或异面,当时，存在，，故A 项错误； B 项，αβ，可能相交或垂直,当 时，存在，，故B 项错误； C 项，αβ，可能相交或垂直,当 时，存在 ， ，故C 项错误； D 项，垂直于同一平面的两条直线相互平行，故D 项正确,故选D. 本题主要考查的是对线，面关系的理解以及对空间的想象能力.江苏省如皋中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试语文试题 Word版含答案
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